Issue12 en by joao bastos

Is s ue # 12 - April2008 W IKI O N A STICK

ful lcircl e

TRAVIS W ATKINS

TH E IND E PE ND E NT M AGAZ INE FO R TH E UBUNTU CO M M UNITY

FIRST BIRTH DAY ISSUE FULLCIRCLE M AGAZ INE IS ONE YEAR OLD!

ONE YE AR ON

TH E S TOR Y OF FU LLCIR CLE M AGAZ INE FR OM D AY ONE

D EB FILES UBUNTU D ISK USAGE BACKUP W ITH PARTIM AGE CREATE YO UR O W N SERVER 4

W E LO O K AT H O W UBUNTU AND KUBUNTU H AVE M ATURED

NE W S E R IE S U S ING GIM P - PAR T 1

Ful lCircl e m agazine is not affil iate d w ith or e ndors e d by CanonicalLtd.

p.04

ful lcircl e w w w .f u llc i r c le m a g a z i n e .o r g

'07 - '08

Th e Ye ar in Re vie w

p.06

Cre ating & D is tributing D e bs Se rve r Se rie s - Part 4 Ubuntu D is k Us age : GIM P - Part 1 Back up W ith PartIm age

p.08 p.11 p.13 p.16 p.19

: W ik i O n A Stick

p.24

: W INE

p.27

: Ful lCircl e - O ne Ye ar O n : Travis W atk ins

p.28 p.36 p.38

P.08

p.39

P.06

P.13

p.40 p.42 p.43 : D is k Us age Anal yze rs

P.16

P.19

P.24

P.28

p.44 p.46 p.47

Th e articl e s containe d in th is m agazine are re l e as e d unde r th e Cre ative Com m ons Attribution-Sh are Al ik e 3.0 Unporte d l ice ns e . Th is m e ans you can adapt, copy, dis tribute and trans m it th e articl e s but onl y unde r th e fol l ow ing conditions : You m us t attribute th e w ork to th e originalauth or in s om e w ay (at l e as t a nam e , e m ailor URL) and to th is m agazine by nam e ('ful lcircl e m agazine ') and th e URLw w w .ful l circl e m agazine .org (but not attribute th e articl e (s ) in any w ay th at s ugge s ts th at th e y e ndors e you or your us e of th e w ork ). If you al te r, trans form , or buil d upon th is w ork , you m us t dis tribute th e re s ul ting w ork unde r th e s am e , s im il ar or a com patibl e l ice ns e .

ED ITO RIA L Th is m agazine w as cre ate d us ing :

By th e tim e you re ad th is , Ubuntu 8.04 (H ardy H e ron) w il lh ave be e n re l e as e d. M ay your upgrade go s m ooth l y. I'm a Kubuntu guy, but s ince m y curre nt ins tal lis 7.10 w ith adde d KD E 4 goodne s s , I m ay jus t do a fre s h ins tal l . But, w e 'l ls e e . Th is m onth s e e s th e s tart of anoth e r ne w s e rie s . D ue to publ ic de m and for GIM P articl e s , I've cre ate d 'Us ing GIM P'. It w il lcove r th e bas ics (th is m onth ) th rough to th e m ore im portant th ings , s uch as l aye rs , and e nd w ith th e cre ation of a col l age w h ich w il lus e al lth e te ch niq ue s l e arne d from pre vious m onth s . I h ope you'l le njoy it. Since is one ye ar ol d th is m onth , I th ough t it w oul d be fun to trace it back to its origins , and s h ow h ow it h as de ve l ope d ove r th e pas t ye ar. I al s o incl ude d s om e dow nl oad s tatis tics too, w h ich s ugge s t th at re ade rs h ip h as fal l e n ove r th e pas t ye ar, it h as n't. Re m e m be r th at is s ue # 1 h as h ad 12 m onth s to acq uire th at m any dow nl oads . M ore ove r, s om e pe opl e l ink dire ctl y to th e PD F, th us bypas s ing our dow nl oad counte r. Eith e r w ay, I'm jus t h appy to h ave dow nl oads ! Enjoy th e is s ue and k e e p in touch !

Ubuntu is a com pl e te ope rating s ys te m th at is pe rfe ct for l aptops , de s k tops and s e rve rs . W h e th e r at h om e , s ch oolor w ork Ubuntu contains al lth e appl ications you'l l e ve r ne e d incl uding w ord proce s s or, e m ailappl ication and w e b brow s e r. You do not pay any l ice ns ing fe e s . You can dow nl oad, us e and s h are Ubuntu w ith your frie nds , fam il y, s ch oolor bus ine s s for abs ol ute l y noth ing. O nce ins tal l e d, your s ys te m is re ady to us e w ith a ful ls e t of productivity, inte rne t, draw ing and graph ics appl ications , and gam e s .

Editor, Ful lCircl e M agazine ronnie @ ful l circl e m agazine .org

NEW S

Fe e lfre e to e m ailne w s s torie s to: ne w s @ ful l circl e m agazine .org Pl e as e incl ude a s ource URL.

Ubuntu 8.04 LTS is al s o th e bas is for th e ne w 8.04 re l e as e of Kubuntu: h ttp://k ubuntu.org/ne w s /8.04re l e as e

H ARDY H ERON RELEASED!

h e Ubuntu te am is pl e as e d to announce Ubuntu 8.04 LTS (Long-Te rm Support) on de s k top and s e rve r, continuing Ubuntu's tradition of inte grating th e l ate s t and gre ate s t ope n s ource te ch nol ogie s into a h igh q ual ity, e as y-to-us e Linux dis tribution. h ttp://w w w .ubuntu.com /ge tubuntu

8.04 brings a re s tructuring of Edubuntu as th e Ubuntu Education Edition. Th e e ducation de s k top and appl ication bundl e now ins tal l s as an add-on to a s tandard Ubuntu de s k top. h ttp://w w w .e dubuntu.org/ne w s /8.04re l e as e Th e Ubuntu 8.04 fam il y of variants , Xubuntu, UbuntuStudio, and M yth buntu, are al s o re l e as e d today: h ttp://w w w .xubuntu.org/ne w s /h ardy/ re l e as e h ttp://ubuntus tudio.org/ h ttp://w w w .m yth buntu.org/

Sun l ook s to fre e up th e re s t of Java Sun M icros ys te m s is s te pping up e fforts to boos t Java us age in Linux s h ops by w ork ing to re m ove s om e final e ncum brance s in th e ope n-s ource Java pl atform . By fre e ing th e s e up, Java can be ful l y ope n-s ource and th us be pack age d m ore e as il y w ith Linux dis tributions . In conjunction w ith th is activity, Sun is tal k ing w ith Linux dis tributors , incl uding O pe nSus e , Ubuntu and Fe dora to h ave th e m offe r an update d ve rs ion of O pe nJD K, w h ich cons titute s th e ope n-s ource Java pl atform . Sun pl ans to offe r th e update d O pe nJD K s oon and cl e ar th e l as t fe w e ncum brance s l ate r. "W e 're h oping to s e e s om e m ove m e nt [w ith th e ]Linux dis tributions in th e ve ry ne ar future , h ope ful l y by JavaO ne ,"s aid Rich Sands , group m anage r for de ve l ope r m ark e ting at Sun, in an inte rvie w on Tue s day. Th e JavaO ne confe re nce is to be h e l d in San Francis co in tw o w e e k s . Source : h ttp://ne w s .yah oo.com

M icros oft e xte nds XP l ife to parry Linux th re at

NEW S Pe num bra: Bl ack Pl ague s pre ads to M ac and Linux

H ans Re is e r Jury De l ibe rate s Tw o Days W ith out Ve rdict

Us ual l y th e s carie s t part of adve nturing on a M ac is th e th ough t of s im pl y finding a gam e to pl ay. But th ank s to Frictional Gam e s , both M ac and Linux gam e rs can now ge t th e ir ch il l s in th e pl ayabl e de m o of .

Th e jury de l ibe rating th e H ans Re is e r m urde r triall e ft th e courth ous e h e re [in O ak l and, Cal ifornia at]about 3:15 p.m . Pacific tim e Th urs day, its s e cond ful lday of de l ibe rations .

Th e critical l y-accl aim e d gam e s , s oon to be joine d by a final e xpans ion cal l ed , are h orror titl e s th at re l y h e avil y on re al -w orl d ph ys ics , al l ow ing far m ore h ands -on inte raction w ith th e e nvironm e nt th an m os t adve nture s . Pl aye rs as s um e th e rol e of a m an nam e d Ph il ip, w h o fol l ow s in th e foots te ps of h is de ad fath e r and finds h im s e l f trappe d in an unde rground tunne lcom pl e x in th e froze n north of Gre e nl and. Unfortunate l y for Ph il ip, h e 's not al one , and th e gam e s al s o invol ve a ce rtain de gre e of action-bas e d e l e m e nts in s urviving th e dange rs , th ough far m ore in th an its s e q ue l .

Th e pane lis ch arge d w ith de ciding th e fate of th e Linux program m e r, w h o is accus e d of k il l ing h is w ife , Nina Re is e r. Th e w om an, w h o w as divorcing h e r h us band, w as l as t s e e n at h is h ous e in th e O ak l and h il l s on Se pt. 3, 2006. Sh e droppe d off th e e s trange d coupl e 's tw o young ch il dre n to s tay w ith th e ir fath e r th e Labor D ay w e e k e nd and h as ne ve r be e n s e e n s ince .

Source : w w w .adve nture gam e rs .com M ore : w w w .pe num brabl ack pl ague .com

Th e 44-ye ar-ol d de ve l ope r of th e Re is e rFS fil e s ys te m cl aim s h is w ife l e ft O ak l and for Rus s ia, w h e re th e pair m e t in 19 9 8 w h il e he w as ove rs e as h iring program m e rs for h is Nam e s ys s oftw are com pany. H e cl aim s h is 31-ye ar-ol d w ife fl e d to h e r h om e country afte r h e accus e d h e r of e m be zzl ing from Nam e s ys . : h ttp://bl og.w ire d.com

In w h at is be ing pe rce ive d as a m ove to counte r th e th re at of Linux — a fre e ope rating s ys te m — in th e ul tra-l ow cos t pe rs onalcom pute r (ULCPC) s e gm e nt, M icros oft h as e xte nde d th e s al e of W indow s XP H om e by tw o ye ars to originale q uipm e nt m anufacture rs (O EM s ) be yond th e curre nt de adl ine of June 30. Ul tra-l ow -cos t PCs h ave be e n draw ing inte re s t from gove rnm e nts and s ch ool s in e m e rging m ark e ts l ik e India and As ia. For ins tance , th e l ow -cos t As us Ee e PC al one is e s tim ate d to s e l l around 120,000 units in India th is ye ar. Linux is th e ope rating s ys te m (O S) running th e curre nt pos te r ch il d for l ow cos t l aptops l ik e As us te k Com pute r’ s Ee e PC Source : w w w .bus ine s s -s tandard.com

Ful lCircl e Is s ue #11 Corre ction In th e H ow To on ge tting your iPod w ork ing w ith Am arok , one of th e pack age s w as l is te d as : it s h oul d be :

FLAVO R O FTH E YEA R

W ritte n by Robe rt Cl ips h am

It's be e n a ful lye ar s ince Ful lCircl e Is s ue # 1, and Ubuntu h as com e a l ong w ay. In th e tim e it h as tak e n us to re ach is s ue # 12, Ubuntu h as advance d th re e ve rs ions , and h as im prove d in s o m any w ays . Th is articl e w il ltak e a l ook at h ow th e Ubuntu fam il y h as m orph e d from a Fe is ty Faw n to a H ardy H e ron.

o ge t a fe e lfor h ow far Ubuntu h as com e , w e ne e d to l ook at Fe is ty's m ain fe ature s . Fe is ty (7.04) introduce d th e M igration As s is tant, al l ow ing us e rs to m igrate th e ir s e ttings from W indow s to Ubuntu e ffortl e ssl y. It al s o adde d th e firs t s te ps to e as y m ul tim e dia code c ins tal l ation, al l ow ing us e rs to e ffortl e ssl y ins tal lcode cs from th e

re pos itorie s , or e ve n h ave th e m ins tal l e d w h e n th e y try to pl ay a m e dia fil e for w h ich th e y don't al re ady h ave th e ne ce s s ary code cs . It al s o s h ow e d th e firs t gl im ps e s of th e Ne tw ork M anage r, w h ich al l ow s e as y acce s s to w ire l e s s ne tw ork s us ing a tray icon, th us e l im inating th e ne e d to m anual l y e dit configuration fil e s and, in s om e cas e s , to com pil e drive rs . Guts y (7.10) furth e r im prove d th e us e r e xpe rie nce , but caus e d s om e controve rs y by adding Com piz Fus ion 'out of th e box', but for Ubuntu onl y. Kubuntu us e rs h ad to m ak e do w ith th e ir firs t gl im ps e of D ol ph in (above ), th e KD E4

fil e m anage r -- onl y th e brave w oul d ins tal lth e KD E4 Be ta3. Both h ad one cl ick de s k top s e arch ing, fas t us e r s w itch ing and s im pl e addition of com m on Fire fox pl ugins via th e 'pl ugin finde r' s e rvice or 'Add/Re m ove Appl ications '. Guts y Gibbon al so brough t th e firs t tas te of th e graph icalconfiguration toolfor X. Th is m e ant al m os t no m anual e diting of /e tc/X11/xorg.conf to ge t your dis pl ay(s ) configure d prope rl y. Som e oth e r fe ature s w e re im prove d: printe r s e tup, th re e -cl ick re s tricte d drive r ins tal l ation, w rite s upport for NTFS fil e s ys te m s , and be tte r pow e r m anage m e nt facil itie s . W ith th e m os t re ce nt ve rs ion, 8.04, Ubuntu ge ts its s e cond l ong te rm s upport (LTS) re l e as e .

Th e re is no LTS for Kubuntu 8.04, but its us e rs w il lge t a ch oice of tw o fl avors : one w ith KD E 3.5.9 (now w ith e as y e nabl ing of Com piz Fus ion) and th e oth e r, a 're m ix', w h ich w il lins tal lth e ne w KD E 4.0.2 (above ). H ardy boas ts a w e al th of fe ature s , one of w h ich is th e ne w 'Bul l e t-Proof X' for GUI dis pl ay configuration. It e ve n incl ude s th e l ate s t ve rs ion of th e popul ar w e b brow s e r, Fire fox. Fire fox 3 introduce s m any e xciting fe ature s incl uding e as y add-on ins tal l ation, incre dibl e s pe e d, and com pl iance w ith w e b s tandards . A fe ature pe rh aps aim e d at ne w us e rs , but e q ual l y us e fulto pow e r us e rs , is th e W indow s -bas e d ins tal l e r, W ubi. If you ins e rt th e

Ubuntu (or Kubuntu) dis k w h il e running W indow s , ins te ad of th e us ualfe ature l is t, you'l lge t a l is t of ins tal l ation options , al l ow ing you to ins tal lw ith out re partitioning, and l e tting you add or re m ove Ubuntu l ik e any oth e r W indow s appl ication. It al s o give s th e option to re boot th e com pute r to try out, or ins tal lUbuntu in th e w ay w e h ave grow n us e d to. Furth e rm ore , th is re l e as e brings im prove m e nts and ch ange s to th e pre -ins tal l e d appl ications . Ubuntu now us e s Trans m is s ion (be l ow ) as its ne w BitTorre nt cl ie nt, Vinagre for VirtualNe tw ork Com puting (VNC), Bras e ro for CD /D VD burning, and Ink s cape 0.46 for Scal abl e Ve ctor Graph ics (SVG) im age s . Kubuntu h as update s to Ktorre nt, digiKam and Am arok , and it e ve n al l ow s you to e ncrypt your e ntire fil e s ys te m . If

you're a ne tw ork adm inis trator, you w il ll ove th e ne w Pol icy Kit w h ich e nabl e s fine -tune d control ove r th e pe rm is s ions for e ve ry part of th e s ys te m . Th is Ubuntu re l e as e al s o inte grate s Active D ire ctory, e nabl ing s im pl e inte gration into Active D ire ctory bas e d ne tw ork s . So, in th e ye ar th at h as pas s e d s ince is s ue # 1, a l ot of im pl e m e nte d ch ange s h ave im prove d th e s pe e d and capabil itie s of th e Ubuntu fam il y. Th e ne xt re l e as e w il lbe th e 'Intre pid Ibe x' (8.10), and I'm s ure it w il lbring e ve n m ore im prove m e nts . Th e drafting of bl ue prints and ide as for th e Ibe x h as jus t be gun as , by th e tim e you re ad th is articl e , 8.04 w il lbe avail abl e for dow nl oad. Le t's h ope th at, w ith th e pas s ing of anoth e r ye ar, abounty of ne w fe ature s w il lbl ow us aw ay. is a s e l f confe s s e d ge e k , w h os e h obbie s incl ude : program m ing/s cripting, ch atting on IRC and not w riting h is articl e s on tim e .

H O W - TO

W ritte n by Andre w M in

l m os t e ve ryone k now s w h at a .de b pack age is . It's th e "ins tal l e r"for Ubuntu, D e bian, M EPIS, and m any oth e r Linux dis tros . In m y opinion, it's th e be s t pack age form at out th e re . Unfortunate l y, m any Linux program s don't incl ude a .de b pack age . Th e y give you onl y th e s ource code , w h ich ofte n re q uire s dow nl oading a bunch of l ibrarie s you've ne ve r h e ard of ("de pe nde ncy h e l l "is th e te rm ), and th e y ofte n don't give you th e option of unins tal l ing th e program . H ow e ve r, it is m uch e as ie r th an you m igh t e xpe ct to put toge th e r a .de b from s cratch .

Th e e as ie s t (and w ors t) w ay is to us e a .de b pack aging program cal l ed (h ttp://as icl inux.com .m x/% 7Eizto/ch e ck ins tal l ). It s ounds gre at on th e outs ide .

CREATING A ND D ISTRIBUTING D EB FILES Al lyou h ave to do is run (l ik e you us ual l y w oul d) to com pil e th e s ource code , th e n run to cre ate th e .de b. Unfortunate l y, th e re are s e ve ralprobl e m s . Firs t, it w il lnot ins tal lde pe nde ncie s (you can try (h ttps ://h e l p.ubuntu.com /com m unity/ AutoApt) or (h ttps ://w ik i.ubuntu.com /AutoD e b), both e xpe rim e ntal ) and it w il lnot l et you de cl are de pe nde ncie s - s o it w il l not w ork for oth e r us e rs unl e s s th e y m anual l y ins tal lth e de pe nde ncie s . Th e re fore , to m ak e q ual ity pack age s , is th e w rong w ay to go. If, on th e oth e r h and, you're jus t inte re s te d in cre ating bas ic pack age s w ith out h as s l e, can be us e ful . H ow e ve r, I w il lnot be cove ring in th is articl e (a tutorialcan be re ad at at: h ttps ://h e l p.ubuntu.com /com m unity/C h e ck Ins tal l ). So, is th e re any oth e r e as y w ay to cre ate q ual ity pack age s ?Th e re 's

(h ttp://url .ful l circl e m agazine .org/ 9 27dc1), a Qt-bas e d app th at provide s a bas ic GUI for m ak ing pack age s . It's m uch be tte r th an , but it's s til lnot th e w ay to cre ate a q ual ity pack age .

Th e firs t s te p in m anual l y cre ating a .de b pack age is to dow nl oad th e program . Ne xt, com pil e it (if ne ce s s ary), and ins tal lit. Th is us ual l y invol ve s running , , and . Th e n, find out w h e re it ins tal l e d its e l f - ope n th e M ak e fil e fil e in a te xt e ditor, and re ad th e ins tal ls e ction. If you can't find it, s e arch in th e /us r/fol de r. Now , it's tim e to cre ate th e controlfil e . Bas ical l y, th is is th e .de b de s cription. H e re 's a s am pl e control- you ne e d to

pas te it into a fil e cal l e d "control ", w ith out any e xte ns ion: Package: fungame Version: 1.0 Section: games Priority: optional Architecture: i386 Essential: no Depends: libfungame, gamelibrary (>= 1.4.0) Recommends: fungamesaves1 | fungamesaves2 Suggests: optionalfungame Installed-Size: 1024 Maintainer: Game Maker [gamer@gamers.net] Conflicts: stupidfungamethatbreaksthison e Replaces: oldfungame Description: A short description of the program . A longer description Note s e ve ralth ings . Firs t, you to h ave a bl ank l ine at th e e nd. Th is is . If you don't, your .de b w on't w ork . Th e fie l ds th e m s e l ve s are pre tty

obvious . Th e fie l d is th e nam e of th e pack age . If your pack age nam e h as tw o w ords , us e a h yph e n (-) be tw e e n th e m . Pack age nam e s can h ave onl yl ow e rcas e l e tte rs , num be rs , and (be l ie ve it or not) "+ "and "-". Th e s e ction is obvious l y th e ve rs ion of th e program . Jus t m ak e s ure you D O N'T incl ude a h yph e n (-). Th e fie l d is a l is t of th e cate gorie s your program fits in. Th is incl ude s adm in, gam e s , gnom e , k de , m ail , m is c, ne t, s ound, te xt, util s, and w e b. Th e s e ction de note s w h at priority it is - m os t of th e tim e you'l lw ant optional . is th e arch ite cture th e program w il lrun on - us ual l y i386, AM D 64 or Pow e rPC. is w h e th e r it's e s s e ntialor not - m os t of th e tim e it's not. , , and are al l s im il ar. D e pe nds m e ans th at your program h ave th at program , Re com m e nds m e ans th at your program s h oul d probabl y h ave it but doe s n't it, and Sugge s ts

m e ans th at it w oul d be nice to h ave it. You can s e parate th e diffe re nt de pe nde ncie s w ith com m as (,). If one of tw o program s w il lw ork , s e parate th e m w ith a pipe (|). You can al s o add a s pe cific ve rs ion in pare nth e s is , us ing << (e arl ie r), <= (e arl ie r or e q ual to), = (e q ualto), > = (gre ate r th an or e q ualto), or > > (gre ate r th an). is th e s ize of th e program in k il obyte s w h e n it is ins tal l e d. is you (your firs t nam e fol l ow e d by your e m ailin []). s h ow s pack age s th at th is particul ar pack age w on't ins tal lne xt to (program s th at w il lbre ak your pack age ), w h il e s h ow s w h ich pack age s th is program w il l re pl ace . Las tl y, s h ow s your de s cription. Now th at your controlfil e is done , s ave it in a /D EBIAN fol de r. For e xam pl e , if you're buil ding a

pack age , and your w ork ing fol de r is ~ /fungam e /, you w ant to put your controlin ~ /fungam e /D EBIAN/. It's now tim e to add th e actual program . Copy th e gam e into your w ork ing fol de r. For e xam pl e, if fungam e is l ocate d in /us r/l ocal /fungam e /, and th e binary is at /us r/bin/fungam e , and your .de b fol de r is ~ /fungam e /, copy e ve ryth ing in /us r/l ocal /fungam e /into ~ /fungam e /us r/l ocal /fungam e /, and /us r/bin/fungam e into ~ /fungam e /us r/bin. You m ay al so w ant to cre ate a m e nu e ntry (a .de s k top fil e ), in ~ /fungam e /us r/s h are /appl ications / fungam e .de s k top. H e re 's an e xam pl e of a .de s k top: [Desktop Entry] Type=Application Version=1.0 Encoding=UTF-8 Name=Fun Game Exec=fungame Comment= Icon=/usr/local/fungame/funga me.png Terminal=false

Categories=Application;Game; StartupNotify=false MimeType= If you w is h , you can om it th e Icon= l ine . Now , it's final l y tim e to buil d your pack age . To do th is , cd to your w ork ing fol de r (e .g. ~ /fungam e /) and, in a te rm inalw indow , run . Th e dire ctory is your dire ctory, e .g. ~ /fungam e /, and th e pack age nam e .de b is th e nam e of th e pack age th at w il lbe buil t. It is criticalth at you nam e your pack age corre ctl y. H e re 's th e prope r nam ing conve ntion: program nam e _ve rs ion_arch ite cture .de b. Eve ryth ing s h oul d be ide nticalto th e ir e q uival e nts in th e controlfil e.

Your pack age w il lge t m axim um atte ntion if it's avail abl e from pack age s .de bian.org and pack age s .ubuntu.com . Unfortunate l y, you can't jus t upl oad pack age s . You ne e d to be a D e bian (or Ubuntu) de ve l ope r. And th is is not an e as y proce s s . A l ong articl e

on th e topic is at h ttp://w w w .l inux.com /articl e s /421 55. A s im pl e r w ay is to ge t a m e ntor w h o w il lupl oad th e pack age for you - s e e h ttp://m e ntors .de bian.ne t/for m ore . So, w h at h appe ns if you don't w ant to s pe nd a l ong tim e re gis te ring as a D e bian/Ubuntu de ve l ope r?If you re ad m y Top5 col um n at al l , you'l lk now th at I Ge tD e b.ne t. Th e y provide 3rd party .de bs , and are th e ide alpl ace for a non-D e bian or non-Ubuntu program m e r to pos t pack age s . You can find out h ow to do th is at h ttp://w ik i.ge tde b.ne t/Buil ding_Pa ck age s . Be s t of al l , you don't ne e d to s ign up for anyth ing e xce pt a Launch pad.ne t account.

h as be e n a Linux addict s ince h e firs t ins tal l ed ope nSuSE in VM W are . Le arn m ore about h im at h ttp://w w w .andre w m in.com /

CREATE YO UR O W N SERVER - Part 4

H O W - TO

W ritte n by D anie lLam b

ow th at w e h ave Sam ba, D H CP and W e bm in ins tal l e d and w ork ing, w e w il ls e t up a VPN s e rve r to m onitor th e various running s e rvice s . O ur firs t s te p is s e tting up a VPN (VirtualPrivate Ne tw ork ) us ing (Point-to-Point Tunne l l ing Protocol ) provide d by th e poptop te am . Th is can al s o be configure d by . To s tart off, w e w il lne e d to ins tal lth e PPTP s e rve r, as fol l ow s : sudo apt-get install pptpd (or us e your pack age m anage r and s e arch for poptop or pptp) W h e n prom pte d, h it e nte r, and apt-ge t w il lins tal l and al l its de pe nde ncie s . Now , activate W e bm in by going to: h ttps ://l ocal h os t:10000

Brow s e to , th e n . Firs t w e w il lcre ate our PPP (Point-to-Point Protocol ) accounts , s o cl ick on ;add a ne w us e r cal l ed , w ith a pas s w ord of ;th e n cl ick and cl ick . W ith in th e inde x of th at m odul e , cl ick on ;fil lin th e box w ith th e cl ie nt e nd IP addre s s ;and fil lin w ith th e IP addre s s e s to be as s igne d to th e cl ie nt m ach ine com ing in via th e VPN. Cl ick . Th e n, ope n ;ch ange to ;ch ange to ; ch ange to ; dis abl e and ;and th e re s t can s tay on de faul t. Cl ick , and cl ick . W e w il lnow s e t up m onitoring for th e s ys te m . W ith in , go to

, and . Cl ick on ;s e l e ct

for ;

ch ange to th e fre q ue ncy for ch e ck ing th e s e rve r - e ve ry 5 m inute s is a good tim e fram e , jus t in cas e th e re are any probl e m s or any s e rvice faul ts . Se t to 0 s o th at it runs e xactl y e ve ry 5 m inute s . M ak e s ure al lth e h ours and days are s e l e cte d - to s e l e ct m ore th an one , us e th e 'Ctrl 'k ey w h il e you s e l e ct th e m . Ch ange

or w h ich e ve r you fe e lis m ore appropriate to your s ys te m . Ch ange to , and fil lin your e m ailaddre s s . Cl ick . You can al s o ch ange to an SM TP s e rve r w h ich doe s n't re q uire auth e ntication,

oth e rw is e s e l e ct l ocal h os t, us ing 'Pos tfix' or 'Se ndm ail ' - w e w il lbe s e tting up Pos tfix in future is s ue s .

You can al s o ch e ck your s ys te m l ogs by cl ick ing on and going to (be l ow ) - in th e re you can cl ick on a l og fil e and cl ick .

Se e m y s e tup be l ow :

ow ns and runs and is bas e d in Pe rth , Scotl and. H e is al so invol ve d in a num be r of ope n s ource proje cts s uch as , and .

W ith in th e and page s , you can add various m onitoring options from th e drop dow n l is t, you can al s o de l e te th e m by tick ing th e adjace nt radiobox and cl ick ing D e l e te .

H e is al s o a com m itte d Le e ds Unite d fan.

TH E H ERO N H A S LA ND ED .D O W NLO A D 8.04!

w w w .ubuntu.com

w w w .k ubuntu.com

w w w .xubuntu.com

w w w .ubuntu.com

H O W - TO

UBUNTU D ISK USA G E

W ritte n by Jonny M cCul l agh

f you h ave us e d your com pute r for any l e ngth of tim e , you h ave probabl y be gun to am as s gre at q uantitie s of data -- from fam il y ph otos and m us ic to m ore bul k y m ovie fil e s . If you're anyth ing l ik e m e , you ne e d to ch e ck your h ard dis k re gul arl y to e ns ure th at it h as ade q uate s pace for future fil e s . O f cours e , if it's running s h ort of s pace , it m igh t be tim e to arch ive l arge fil e s onto CD /D VD s or e ve n to ins tal la ne w inte rnal /e xte rnalh ard dis k . Al th ough your dis k m ay now h ave ade q uate s pace , you m ay w ant to cons ide r th e fol l ow ing m e th ods to k e e p an e ye on dis k us age .

Your Fil e Brow s e r s h ow s your pe rs onalfil e s and fol de rs and can be s tarte d by cl ick ing Pl ace s > H om e Fol de r. In th e s tatus bar at th e bottom of th is w indow , you can s e e th e am ount of avail abl e dis k s pace . In th e s cre e ns h ot

be l ow , th e re are 174.8 Gigabyte s avail abl e . (I h ope th is is s ufficie nt for s toring m y daugh te r's m us ic col l e ction!)

Th is tool(Baobab by Fabio M arzocca) give s a graph ical re pre s e ntation of your fil e s and fol de rs as conce ntric circl e s. Afte r s tarting th e program , you s h oul d s e e s om e s um m ary inform ation about th e totals ize of your fil e s ys te m , and th e proportion of s pace you h ave al re ady us e d. To ch e ck for l arge fil e s and fol de rs w ith in your ow n H om e fol de r, try cl ick ing th e Scan H om e button:

For m ore de tail e d anal ys is of your dis k us age , Ubuntu com e s w ith a h andy acce s s ory avail abl e from your Appl ications m e nu at Appl ications > Acce s s orie s > D is k Us age Anal yze r.

Th e D is k Us age Anal yze r be gins to s can your fil e s and fol de rs .

fol de rs w ith in your m ain H om e fol de r (e .g. /h om e /niam h /M ovie s /Th e El e ph ants D r e am -2006).

Afte r s om e tim e , you s h oul d re ce ive re s ul ts s im il ar to th e s cre e ns h ot s h ow n. Th e re s ul ts are s pl it into tw o pane s . O n th e l e ft, your fol de rs are l is te d in orde r of de cre as ing s ize . Th e righ t pane s h ow s a graph icalvie w of your H om e fol de r, w ith conce ntric circl es re pre s e nting its fol de rs and s ubfol de rs . Large r s e gm e nts re pre s e nt m ore dis k s pace us age . Th e s e gm e nt in th e ce nte r re pre s e nts your H om e fol de r ove ral l(e .g. /h om e /niam h ) and, going out from th e ce nte r, th e firs t ring re pre s e nts th e m ain fol de rs in your H om e fol de r (e .g. /h om e /niam h /M ovie s ), and th e ne xt ring out re pre s e nts th e s ub-

As you h ove r your m ous e ove r e ach of th e s e gm e nts of th e circl e s, th e nam e of th e fol de r it re pre s e nts pops up and th e am ount of dis k s pace th at is be ing us e d is al so s h ow n. As you can s e e from th e s cre e ns h ot be l ow , m y daugh te r's m ovie fil e s are us ing 37.1 gigabyte s .

It's al s o pos s ibl e to "dril l dow n"th rough your fol de rs and s ub-fol de rs us ing th e tre e -vie w in th e l e ft pane of th e re s ul ts . Cl ick ing on th e l ittl e triangl es be s ide a fol de r nam e w il lre ve al th e s ub-fol de rs it contains , and th e dis k us age for e ach of th os e fol de rs .

At th e com m and l ine , you can ch e ck th e us age of your dis k partitions w ith th is com m and: df -h It's al s o pos s ibl e to ge t a s um m ary of th e us age of fol de rs w ith in a fol de r by typing th is : du -s * If you w oul dl ik e to k now m ore about th e s e com m ands ch e ck th e m an page s : man df du To e xit from th e m an page s , h it: q

cl ick ing Sys te m > Adm inis tration > Partition Editor.

For a l ow e r l e ve lvie w of your dis k s , and th e partitions on th os e dis k s , cons ide r us ing Partition Editor (GParte d), avail abl e by

Partition Editor give s a graph ical vie w of your h ard dis k s and th e ir partitions . As you can s e e from th e s cre e ns h ot s h ow n, m y daugh te r's h ard dis k is partitione d into th re e m ain partitions . O ne is form atte d as NTFS (a W indow s partition), anoth e r is form atte d as e xt3 (for Ubuntu), and th e th ird is an e xte nde d partition w h ich Ubuntu us e s for s h ort-te rm M e m ory Sw ap Space . Th e s ize of e ach partition is s h ow n -- w ith th e am ount of us e d s pace and fre e s pace .

If you h ave m ore th an one h ard dis k drive in your com pute r, th e n you can vie w th e partitions on e ach us ing th e m e nu at th e top righ t of Partition Editor -- w h e re e ach de vice 's nam e (e .g. /de v/h dc) is s h ow n. As you can s e e in th is s cre e ns h ot, th e re are l ock s be s ide th e partitions l is te d. Th is m e ans th at th e y are in us e (m ounte d). If you ne e d to m ak e ch ange s to th e s e partitions (be ve ry care ful ), you m ay w ant to try th e GParte d Live CD -- but th at is for anoth e r articl e!

H O W - TO

W ritte n by Ronnie Tuck e r

USING G IM P - Part 1

Th is s e rie s of tutorial s , bas e d on GIM P 2.4.2, w il lnot cove r e ve ry s q uare inch of GIM P, s ince th at w oul d fil la book (and inde e d h as al re ady fil l e d s e ve ral ), but, by th e e nd, you w il lbe proficie nt e nough in GIM P to cre ate anyth ing from s im pl e w e b banne rs to l arge pos te rs s uitabl e for profe s s ionalprinting.

irs t, l e t's ope n GIM P, and h ave a q uick l ook at its l ayout. Pl e as e note th at a firs t l oad of GIM P m ay l ook sl igh tl y diffe re nt from m y l ayout (be l ow ). Firs t I w il lbrie fl y dis cus s th e GIM P l ayout.

O n th e top l e ft w e s e e th e tool s, and on th e bottom l e ft w e s e e th e options for th e ch os e n tool

(Paintbrus h , in th is cas e ). At th e top righ t are tabs for Laye rs , Ch anne l s and s o on, and at th e bottom righ t are tabs for Brus h e s am ong oth e r th ings . GIM P h as a ve ry fl e xibl e l ayout s ys te m w h e re you can drag and drop ite m s from pl ace to pl ace . For e xam pl e , if I w ant to h ave m y Laye rs pre s e nte d on a s e parate w indow , I can cl ick on th e Laye rs tab (top righ t, s h ow n righ t), and drag it out to m y de s k top. If I w ant to h ave th e Laye rs dis pl ay back w h e re it w as , I cl ick and drag

on th e w ord 'Laye rs ' on th e w indow , and drag it back to th e top righ t (l e ft). You can do th is w ith anyth ing you l ik e s o fe e lfre e to configure your l ayout to w h ate ve r m ak e s you m os t com fortabl e . If, by accide nt, you cl os e any of your w indow s , and ne e d to ge t it back , cl ick on Fil e > D ial ogs and th e n th e ite m you w ant s h ow n - or h idde n for th at m atte r (above ).

Le t's cre ate a ne w im age . In th e m ain m e nu, cl ick Fil e > Ne w . Be fore w e go any furth e r, l e tm e e xpl ain w h at s om e of th e s e th ings do.

w idth and h e igh t are tw o s m al l boxe s . Look ing cl os e l y at th e icons on th e buttons s h oul dh el p you gue s s th at th e one on th e l e ft is for portrait (a ve rticalim age ) and th e oth e r for l ands cape (a h orizontal im age ). For th e m om e nt, I'l lk e e p it on portrait. A brie f s um m ary of your ch os e n options are to th e righ t of th e s e tw o buttons . Le ts cl ick 'Advance d O ptions ', it re ve al s m ore ch oice s .

At th e top of th e w indow (above ), w h e re it s ays 'Te m pl ate ', w e can ch oos e from a varie ty of diffe re nt pre -configure d s ize s . Cl ick th e drop dow n m e nu and ch oos e 'A4'. Be l ow th at is 'Im age Size '. Th is is now s e t to w h at w e 've jus t ch os e n, A4, s o th e re 's no ne e d to al te r th e s e val ue s jus t ye t. To th e righ t of th e 'H e igh t' val ue is a m e as ure m e nt type . At th e m om e nt, m ine is s e t to pixe l s but w ith a cl ick of th e drop dow n m e nu I can ch ange it to m il l im e te rs if I w ant. Be l ow th e

Firs t, w e h ave X and Y Re s ol ution val ue s . Th e s e s pe cify h ow de tail e d your im age w il lbe . Th is is al s o k now n as D ots Pe r Inch (D PI), and is crucialin printing. Profe s s ionalprint h ous e s w il lus ual l y de m and at l e as t 200dpi, but m os tl y 300dpi. Ne ar th e val ue s you can s e e a s m al licon w h ich is l ink s in a ch ain. In m y im age , th e y are l ink e d - m e aning th at ch anging th e X val ue w il lch ange th e Y val ue autom atical l y;cl ick ing th e icon w il lunl ink th e m and al l ow diffe re nt X and Y val ue s . If your icon s h ow s th e ch ain l ink s as ope n, th e n you w il lw ant to cl ick it to h ave th e m as s h ow n in th e im age above . For jus t a bas ic te s t im age , ch ange th e X or Y val ue to 100. Ne xt is 'Col or Space '. I onl y h ave tw o options : 'RGB Col or' or 'Grays cal e ', s o I am k e e ping it at 'RGB col or'. 'Fil l W ith ' l e ts you ch oos e a s tarting col or for your im age . Final l y, 'Com m e nt' s om e th ing th at w il l be s ave d as part of your GIM P fil e . Th is coul d be anyth ing from copyrigh t inform ation to your contact de tail s.

W h y not give GIM P 2.4 a try? Avail abl e for Linux, M ac & W indow s

W ith m y options s e t, I cl ick O K. So now I h ave a fre s h im age to w ork on - but h ow do you w ork on

an im age ?W e 'l lge t to th at in m ore de taill ate r, but for now I w il ldo a q uick run th rough of s om e of th e m ore im portant tool s. As you cl ick on e ach tool(righ t), th e 'ToolO ptions ' (be l ow th e tool s ) w il lch ange . Each toolh as its ow n s e t of options - w h ich I w on't go into jus t now , but pl ay around w ith th e s e options , be caus e th at's h ow you'l ll e arn m ore !

Ch e ck your pack age m anage r for e as y GIM P ins tal l ation or dow nl oad GIM P from : w w w .gim p.org is Editor of m agazine , a proud Kubuntu us e r, and part-tim e artis t w h os e gal l e ry of w ork can be s e e n at w w w .Ronnie Tuck e r.co.uk .

W indow s : w w w .gim p.org/w indow s M ac: w w w .gim p.org/m acintos h

H O W - TO W ritte n by D anie lLam b

irs t, s om e w ords of advice : ne ve r unde re s tim ate th e ne e d for a back up copy of your s ys te m and data. You ne ve r k now w h e n you'l ll os e a h ard drive from an e l e ctricals pik e , a fire , a fl ood, a burgl ary, or from s om e idiot dropping a h e avy obje ct on th e com pute r cas e w h il e th e h ard drive is w riting -w h o, m e ?Err...ye s . Fortunate l y, m y back ups w e re s e cure . I h ad dis k im age s of s ys te m and data partitions as a bas e l ine , and incre m e ntalback ups cove ring k now n re s tore points , s o I ne e de d to re s cue onl y a fe w days of data. Pl e as e e xcus e m y s m ug s tate m e nt. I've be e n doing th is aw h il e , but w ith Th at-O th e rO pe rating-Sys te m -From Re dm ond® © ™ . Ge tting organize d in th e brave ne w w orl d of Ubuntu is n't difficul t, but doe s tak e pre paration and pl anning.

BA CK UP W ITH PA RTIM A G E

I've be e n abl e to pe rform ade q uate back ups us ing tar.gz from th e com m and l ine , but th e s yntax to incl ude and e xcl ude al lth e re l e vant s tuff for m y s ys te m partition l ook s l ik e th is : sudo tar cvpzf 710bu010408.tgz --exclude="/proc/*" --exclude="/lost+found/*" --exclude="/dev/*" --exclude="/mnt/*" --exclude="/media/* --exclude="/sys/*" --exclude="/tmp/*" --exclude "/var/cache/apt/*" --exclude="/ext3_data/*" --exclude="/vmdata/*" / If it al lgoe s w rong, I've got th e w h ol e fil e s ys te m , but no boot re cord or bootl oade r to re s tore . I s til lne e d to boot up to a te rm inalto un-tar th e w h ol e th ing. Th e re fore , I w oul dl ik e to h ave s om e tool s , pre fe rabl y on a

boot dis k , w ith a guide d inte rface th at can im age and re s tore th e partition s o th at I don't s cre w up or m is s out on anyth ing. I h appe n to h ave s uch a tool : it's th e Partim age appl ication pre s e nt on a bootabl e dis k nam e d Parte d M agic.

W h at it s ays on th e proje ct w ik i is : "Partim age is a Linux util ity w h ich s ave s partitions ...to an im age fil e ."Run it from th e Parte d M agic dis k , w h ich boots a com pl e te Linux k e rne linto m e m ory s o th at you can w ork on your h ard drive s in s afe ty. Fe ature s incl ude : • s upport for m os t Linux and W indow s fil e s ys te m s (dual -boote rs can s m il e h e re ) • im age fil e can be com pre s s e d w ith gzip/bzip2 to s ave s pace on your back up m e dia

â&#x20AC;˘ im age fil e s can be s pl it into s e gm e nts to be copie d on CD s /D VD s â&#x20AC;˘ im aging acros s ne tw ork s us ing Partim age ne tw ork s upport, Sam ba, NFS

Tw o ground rul e s you s h oul d se t be fore you s tart: . M ak e s ure you k now al lyour partition nam e s , m ount points , l abe l s , s ize s , and fre e s pace s o th at you don't ge t confus e d unde r Partim age -- you'l ls e e w h y s oon. I s cre e n-dum pe d th e Fil e -Sys te m s tab from Gnom e Sys te m M onitor as it l is ts th e m ounte d nam e s . Al te rnative l y, you coul d run Parte d/GParte d, or s ave th e te xt fil e ge ne rate d by th e Lis t Partition Tabl e s util ity on th e Parte d M agic CD .

In m y cas e , I'm back ing up /root, /h om e and /us r - w h ich is m y bas e l ine for m y Ubuntu s ys te m . So th at's SD A1, SD A6 and SD A7. Ne arl y al lm y data fil es l ive on th e oth e r W indow s /NTFS, e xt3 and vm data partitions th at I back up s e parate l y. I don't ne e d to w orry about th e s w ap partition be caus e I'l lcre ate a ne w one w h e n I do a re s tore . . M y opinion: D on't im age your h ard-drive partitions w h il e th e y are m ounte d. You w ant no w riting to, or de l e ting from , th e dis k w h il e cre ating th e partition im age -- not by your h os t ope rating s ys te m , any of your appl ications , or yours e l f. Boot from th e l ive -CD and run th e tool s from th e re . Partim age doe s n't ne e d anyth ing cre ating, m oving and de l e ting fil e s and fol de rs w h il e it atte m pts to cre ate a true s naps h ot. In true Col um bo-s tyl e," " Be fore back ing up, m ak e s ure your targe t drive for s toring im age fil es h as prope rl y al l ocate d re ad/w rite pe rm is s ions , oth e rw is e Partim age w il lgive you a cryptic m e s s age w h e n it can't w rite its te m porary fil e s on

s tarting th e back up.

Th is varie s on com pute rs , but I h it F12 during pow e r on to ge t a one -tim e boot m e nu to s e l e ct Boot from D VD /CD . O n boot-up, Partition M agic give s you a ne at, cl utte r-fre e , Xfce de s k top, a s ingl e icon pane land s l ide -up m e nus for al lth e tool s.

I s tart by firing up th e M ount Util ity, firs t to m ak e s ure none of th e s ource partitions (to be back e d up) are m ounte d, and s e cond s o I can m ount th e de s tination partition for Partim age to w rite its back up im age s ! You tick th e box for e ach ite m to m ount/unm ount. Som e ve rs ions of th e M ount Util ity cl os e on cl ick ing th e O K button w ith out confirm ing com pl e tion. In th e s cre e ns h ot, I've re l aunch e d it to dis cove r th e ful lm ount point it as s igne d to m y s l ow -but-re l iabl e USB h ard drive .

m anual l y in a te rm inalif you re al l y w ant to.

O pe n a te rm inals e s s ion and e nte r partim age . It's a ch aracte r-m ode appl ication, s o you m ove around w ith arrow and tab k e ys , not w ith a m ous e . Th e s pace bar ch ange s val ue s in option l is ts ;th e active ch oice is m ark e d w ith an as te ris k . Th is l ayout w ork s and guide s you th rough th e proce s s .

Ye s , you can m ount e ve ryth ing

back up and re s tore . Be al e rt to th e fact th at Ubuntu cal l edmy (inte rnal ) s ource partitions SD A# w h il e Partim age us e d H D A# for th e s ource and SD A# for th e (e xte rnal ) de s tination USB drive ! Th ank ful l y th e ide ntifying num be r is th e s am e . It's e as y to be confus e d about th e partitions - not be caus e of th e s oftw are , but from ope rator e rror. You ne e d th e ful l path , incl uding th e de vice , root and targe t fol de r as w e l las th e back up fil e nam e . Type care ful l y and proof-re ad be fore you m ove on. Space s and punctuation ch aracte rs in th e nam e s h oul d be avoide d. de faul ts to Save partition to a ne w im age fil e.

Th is is w h e re you ne e d to k now your partition de tail s. Since I've got /h om e and /us r on ide ntical6GB partitions , I ne e d to ide ntify w h ich is w h ich w h e n I

and num be r are onl y for back ing up acros s a ne tw ork . O th e rw is e , l e ave th e s e bl ank . You w il lne e d appropriate us e r l ogon, pas s w ord and w rite pe rm is s ions for ne tw ork drive s --

Partim age w il lprom pt you for th e m w h e n it be gins . Tab onto th e Ne xt option or pre s s th e F5 k e y to m ove onto th e ne xt s cre e n.

ch ange m e dia.

O K th is to s tart th e back up.

I al w ays k e e p th e de faul t val ue be caus e it's e as ie r to m anage portabl e 2GB s e gm e nts w ith it. Al s o, if I ge t a re ad-e rror in one s e gm e nt fil e I m ay s til lbe abl e to s al vage th e re s t.

You w il lge t a progre s s bar w ith e l aps e d and e s tim ate d tim e to com pl e te . W riting to m y ol d USB drive is s l ow .

Continue w ith th e F5 k e y again. Partim age w il lconfirm back to you w h at you've ch os e n.

Th e guide l ine s are s ound. "None " m e ans no com pre s s ion, s o you ne e d a back up drive w ith s pace e q uival e nt to us e d s pace on your s ource partition. I tak e th is as a ge ne ralrul e , as com pre s s ion ratios vary according to th e conte nts : .doc and .odt fil es com pre s s w e l l , .jpe g and .avi m ay not com pre s s at al l . Ke e p s om e fre e s pace for continge ncie s .

O K th is to continue If you ch os e to Ch e ck Partition be fore back up, you ge t th e inform ation pane

You ge t com pl e tion s tatus at th e e nd of th e back up.

It is pos s ibl e to w rite dire ctl y to D VD + R and R/W dis k s (D VD -R are probl e m atic, appare ntl y). M ount th e D VD -drive firs t, th e n in Partim age : â&#x20AC;˘ s e t path for th e im age fil e to th e D VD w rite r;

Autom atic is fine if you k now you'l ls pan s e ve ral dis k s and e xpe ct a prom pt to

â&#x20AC;˘ cl e ar th e "ch e ck for fre e s pace " option;

â&#x20AC;˘ s e t th e s ize of back up fil e s e gm e nts to a s afe m ul tipl e to fit on D VD , s uch as 1.5GB (3 s e gm e nts to a D VD ); â&#x20AC;˘ s e t it to "paus e on vol um e ch ange s "s o you can s w ap in e m pty D VD s as th e y fil l up.

Im portant: be fore re s toring, m ak e s ure your re pl ace m e nt drive is in a fit s tate to boot a re s tore d im age . Partim age doe s not cove r th e m as te r boot re cord (M BR) and bootl oade r. If you inte nd to re s tore to a brand ne w h ard drive , you ne e d additionaltool s to s ave and l oad your M BR, partition tabl es and a bootl oade r (al lm ate rialfor a s e parate H ow -to, but in th e m e antim e , th e re 's a us e fulguide in th e on-l ine Partim age m anualat h ttp://w w w .partim age .org/Partim ag e -m anual _Back up). For th is H ow to, I ch e ate d s l igh tl y: I ins tal l eda s cratch -ins tance of Ubuntu 7.10 from th e l ive CD w ith cus tom partitions m atch ing m y ol d one s . Th is ve rifie d, w ith in 20 m inute s , th at m y ne w drive w as w ork ing, com pl e te w ith val id M BR and GRUB bootl oade r. Th e re s t w il lbe ove rw ritte n w h e n I run th e Partim age re s tore .

Th e re s tore proce s s w ork s m uch th e s am e as th e back up. You ne e d to se l e ct th e "Re s tore partition from an im age fil e "option and ide ntify your im age fil e from th e back up drive , m ounte d w ith re ad pe rm is s ions . You s h oul d h ave your de s tination drive pre pare d w ith a targe t partition of e q ualor gre ate r s ize to th e uncom pre s s e d s ize of your im age conte nts . I w on't go into cre ating and re s izing partitions h e re e ith e r. Partim age w il lobl ite rate e xis ting data on any de s tination partition, s o ch e ck your s e ttings be fore you com m it to a re s tore ! Be fore you re boot, m ak e s ure you h ave a val id Linux s w ap partition s om e w h e re on th e drive . GParte d on

th e Parte d M agic CD can cre ate th is .

Be s t of al l , I k now th is w ork s . I pick e d up a s pare h ard drive for th e l aptop for anoth e r proje ct s om e tim e ago. I s w appe d out th e m ain drive , put in th e s pare and boote d th e Partition M agic CD . Launch ing Partim age , I re s tore d SD A1, SD A6 and SD A7. I re boote d and w as abl e to l og on to m y re gul ar Ubuntu de s k top. Re s ul t: 100% confide nce in m y bas e back ups . Now , w h at to do about th e incre m e ntalback ups ...?

REVIEW

W IK IO N A STICK

W ritte n by Robin Catl ing

t's tim e to confe s s : I'm a PC junk ie . I trave laround th e country a l ot - to s e e cl ie nts , frie nds , and fam il y. I us ual l y tak e one of m y th re e l aptops , or I ge t s tuck us ing various nas ty cl ie nt m ach ine s . Th e re 's a s tandard ch unk of m ate rialI re gul arl y us e , incl uding a s tack of book m ark e d URLs . I al s o m aintain s e ve ralW e b s ite s , for m ys e l f and oth e rs , th at I'm m igrating aw ay from D re am w e ave r te m pl ate s . I de cide d a w h il e ago th at I ne e d a cros s be tw e e n a conte ntm anage m e nt s ys te m , an el e ctronic pos t-it note , and a W e bpage e ditor, s om e th ing portabl e, com pact, cros s -pl atform , fre e to run cl ie nt-s ide , publ is h abl e to th e W e b, and s uitabl e for s tructuring m y w ay. In oth e r w ords , I ne e d a Joom l a-Tom boy-Quanta-Evol ution h ybrid. I h ave n't incl ude d a w ik i in th is h ybrid. You've probabl y us e d one on th e w e b e ve n if onl y .

can s e e th e de faul tl ayout be l ow . Th e s oftw are is avail abl e as a fre e dow nl oad at h ttp://s ource forge .ne t/proje ct/s h o w fil e s .ph p?group_id=155218.

A w ik i provide s ins tant page e diting in m os t W e b brow s e rs ;s im pl ifie d form atting us ing w ik i s yntax;l ink ing be tw e e n articl e s ;and e m be dding of docum e nts , code , and l ink s . And it's publ is h abl e as a W e b page . Al th ough m os t w ik is are 's e rve r-s ide ' program s th at ne e d to be h os te d and adm inis te re d on a s e rve r, s om e s ocal l e d 'pe rs onal ' w ik is are avail abl e. Am ong th e s e are (and de rivative s l ik e ), , and m y curre nt favorite : (above ) (h ttp://s tick w ik i.s ource forge .ne t/), com m onl y s h orte ne d to W oaS. I carry it around on a USB m e m ory s tick . You

Th e pe rs onalw ik is are gl ue d toge th e r by th e m agic of JavaScript. I s ay "m agic," be caus e w h at you ge t is one H TM Lfil e containing al lyour data w rappe d up in th e JavaScript code th at m ak e s it al l w ork -- e diting, form atting, s e arch ing, e ncryption, nam e s pace s , printing, e tc. Your conte nt is s tructure d, and h idde n, untilth e JavaScript re ve al s it for pre s e ntation th rough th e brow s e r. It m ak e s for a s upe rbl y portabl e m iniappl ication, and I us e s e ve ral ins tance s for diffe re nt purpos e s .

You don't ne e d to unde rs tand, w rite or e dit JavaScript;jus t

unpack it, e ras e th e de faul t page s (containing th e core us e r ins tructions ) and be gin. It w ork s on its ow n te rm s ;it is ge nuine l y a s tandal one toolw ith buil t-in control s for pe rm is s ions , s e ttings , Cas cading Styl e Sh e e ts and s o on. You can e dit th e l ook and fe e las m uch as you w ant. You can re w ork th e H TM Land s tyl e s h e e ts w ith out m e s s ing up th e JavaScript, w h ich is h ow I m ade ove r one ins tance of W oaS to us e as m y com pany W e b page (be l ow ). Not al lth e pe rs onalw ik is w il lre nde r e m be dde d form atting, m uch l e ss l ayouts th is com pl e x.

You can us e as m uch e m be dde d H TM Lcode as you w ant. Th e Edit w indow l e ts you m ix and m atch H TM Land w ik i s yntax--s o I do (be l ow ). W oaS autom atical l y h andl e s te xt s e arch e s (a s tre ngth of th e pe rs onal w ik is ), s o th e re is no ne e d to m anual l y inde x k e yw ords , and it pre s e nts th e re s ul ts cl e arl y.

It h as e dit-l ock ing, and true AES e ncryption, to m ak e it tam pe r-proof and s e cure . Th e e ncryption is , of cours e , e s pe cial l y val uabl e wh en a m e m ory s tick is l os t or s tol e n. But, l ik e m os t th ings in l ife , W oaS is a com prom is e .

W oaS is s til la pre -production be ta re l e as e -- I'm on ve rs ion 0.9 .6B. It's m aintaine d by one de ve l ope r w ith a s m al lbut active com m unity, w h os e forum s are ve ry h e l pful (h ttp://w oas .iragan.com /). You m us t h ave JavaScript e nabl e d in your brow s e r to dis pl ay th e page . You can e dit onl y your l ocalcopy, not one s itting on a re m ote s e rve r. Th e re fore you m us t re m e m be r w h ich ins tance is your "m as te r,"k e e p it back e d up, and re publ is h it to th e W e b afte r al le dits .

It's one s ingl e H TM Lfil e , not a conte nt-m anage m e nt s ys te m , and de finite l y not a databas e . Th e JavaScript doe s a l ot, and m ore fe ature s are pl anne d. I've got five th ous and l ine s of code and conte nt in one ins tance . Page e diting in th e brow s e r is fine , but I h ave to be ve ry al e rt (and patie nt) if I tink e r w ith th e w ik i s tructure in GEdit. D id I m e ntion k e e ping it back e d up?Tiddl yw ik i w il l autom atical l y k e e p fil e back ups for you for fre e .

Tink e r w ith th e core JavaScript: I'm not good w ith code , and I don't w ant to bre ak D anie l e 's m as te rpie ce . Em be d im age s : I s til lth ink e m be dding im age data (in a te xt fil e I'm e diting) is as k ing for troubl e . I e ve n re m ove d th e de faul t W oaS button im age s (th ough I do us e m y ow n). It's al l H TM L, s o s urfing (im age s /h om e .gif) for your ow n back grounds and buttons w ork s fine .

Em be d l arge , com pl ex docum e nts : Re m e m be r, anyth ing you e m be d w il l bl oat th e s ize of th e te xt fil e. You w on't w ant to e m be d your Ful lCircl e PD F's ! Us e th e w ik i as th e h om e page on m y W e b s ite : It's a big fil e , and can tak e a w h il e to dow nl oad a cach e d copy into th e brow s e r. I k e e p a fl at, fas t, H TM Lbanne r page , and re dire ct to W oaS for m y conte nt page s . H e y, a tw o-page W e b s ite is n't bad.

You can dow nl oad any of th e pe rs onalw ik is , cre ate a bl ank ins tance , and s tart us ing it w ith out ch anging a th ing. In te rm s of s ize and e diting capabil itie s , th e y are about e ve n. Th e y al le m pl oy dial e cts

of th e w ik i s yntax for l ink s and form at, but you ne e d to k now pe rh aps onl y four com m ands to cre ate th e bas ics . Th e y al lh ave w ik i h el p page s , and h e al th y com m unity forum s . I pre fe r W oaS ove r th e razzl e -dazzl e of Tiddl yw ik i. Al th ough Tiddl yw ik i can do m ore , and h as th e m e s avail abl e , its code and s tructure is m ore com pl e x. W oaS is de l ibe rate l y tigh te r and s im pl e r, ye t it h as s om e fe ature s - s uch as H TM Le xport, and e ncryption - th at th e oth e rs l ack . I'm finding it incre dibl y us e ful .

M Y O PINIO N

W INE

W ritte n by D im itar Boich e v

s e rs of Ubuntu and oth e r Linux dis tributions can run m any W indow s appl ications w ith W ine (W ine Is Not an Em ul ator). If you h ave probl e m s w ith th e buil t-in D LLs (or APIs ), it's pos s ibl e to us e native D LLve rs ions to gain acce s s to 100% of th e functions an appl ication re q uire s . A s im pl e e xam pl e of th is is w h e n you ins tal la gam e th at re q uire s D ire ctX 9 and doe s n't s tart w ith W ine . If th is h appe ns , al lyou h ave to do is dow nl oad d3dx9 _25.dl l from a s ite s uch as D LLD ow nl oad or D LLFil e s and s ave it in: ~/.wine/drive_c/windows/system

I s aw th is in th e com m e nts for at th e (h ttp://appdb.w ine h q .org). Th is databas e m ak e s it ve ry e as y to ch e ck if your program w ork s w ith W ine , and if it h as bugs -- and, if s o, h ow to fix th e m . I ne ve r h ad

probl e m s w ith th e ins tal l ation, but I did h ave s om e w ith th e autorun of s om e gam e s . Th e W ine Appl ication D atabas e (be l ow ) incl ude s s cre e n s h ots of th e s e l e cte d appl ication, and a rating (Pl atinum , Gol d, Sil ve r, Bronze and Garbage ).

Now adays , I us e W ine for Fl as h 8, D re am w e ave r 8, th e Fl as h de com pil e r, Re m ote Adm inis trator (vie w e r onl y), Counte r Strik e Source , 18 W h e e l s of Ste e l , and Battl e fie l d Vie tnam . Th e y al lw ork gre at -- from th e ins tal lto th e pl aying -- but W ine is n't pe rfe ct, if you w ant to pl ay a gam e th at us e s copy prote ction you m us t us e a no-CD crack to pl ay. M ore ove r, s om e appl ications don't w ork at al l .

D e s pite its curre nt l im itations (it's s til lunde r de ve l opm e nt), W ine is a val uabl e addition to Linux. Th e re are s om e com m e rcial im pl e m e ntations of th e W indow s API for Linux (m os t de rive d from W ine ) w ith a focus on s pe cial itie s s uch as gam ing or office . Th e m os t popul ar is (h ttp://w w w .trans gam ing.com ). Subs cribing to Trans gam ing (th e cre ator) cos ts 5 USD pe r m onth (3 m onth s m inim um ). Afte r s ubs cribing, you can dow nl oad for fre e . I trie d it, but I didn't s e e any m ajor diffe re nce be tw e e n and W ine (and, re m e m be r, W ine is fre e !), s o I h ave continue d to us e W ine , but for s om e gam e s , w ork s be tte r. Th e re fore , I re com m e nd you te s t th e m both and de cide w h ich is for you.

M Y STO RY

O NE YEA R O N : IN TH E BEG INNING

W ritte n by Ronnie Tuck e r

t al lbe gan w ay back on M arch 15, 2007, w h e n I (Ronnie ) re pl ie d to a pos t on Ubuntu Forum s from :

h ttp://ubuntuforum s .org/s h ow th re ad.ph p?p= 2369 79 3# pos t2369 79 3

I th ough t th at Ful lCircl e M agazine w as an e xce l l e nt nam e , and m any oth e r pos ts s h ow e d agre e m e nt. M e anw h il e, pitch e d in w ith an ide a for a tagl ine :

h ttp://ubuntuforum s .org/s h ow th re ad.ph p ?p=229 9 9 37# pos t229 9 9 37

But firs t, w e ne e de d a nam e for th e m agazine . Tw o w e e k s l ate r, gave us th e nam e w e ne e de d:

m agazine (s til lcom pl e te l y unw ritte n) w as nam e d Ful lCircl e M agazine . O n th is s am e day, m y h is toric pos ting for w rite rs for th e m agazine appe are d in th e Ubuntu Forum s .

h ttp://ubuntuforum s .org/s h ow th re ad.ph p?t=39 6003

It s now bal l e d from th e re . Pe opl e gracious l y vol unte e re d th e ir s e rvice s for various tas k s . I th e n k ne w h ow m uch th e com m unity w ante d th is m agazine . Th e firs t vol unte e r w as (Rob Ke rfia), our w e b adm inis trator, w h o is s til lw ith Ful lCircl e:

Us ing Buffal oX's ide a, our firs t tagl ine w as . Th is w as l ate r ch ange d to -- as th e firs t s ugge s te d incorre ctl y th at w e w e re an officialm agazine . Th us , on M arch 29 , 2007, th e

Rob's firs t contribution l e ft

m uch to th e im agination (be l ow ). M e anw h il e, I w as bus y be ave ring aw ay on com ing up w ith a l ogo for th e ne w baby. M y firs t ve rs ion w as , wel l , col orful if noth ing el se :

appl ication. or w as pre tty m uch w h at it al lboil e d dow n to. Afte r m any pos tings w ith us e rs of both appl ications , I de cide d on as h as no re alGUI to s pe ak of. M y firs t Scribus cove r (l e ft) w as n't ve ry good, ye t I pride m ys e l f in k now ing it w as be tte r th an Rob's . M y s e cond m ock -up cove r (righ t) w as sl igh tl y be tte r. Som e of its de s ign el e m e nts are s til l in Ful lCircl e one ye ar on.

At th is point, w e h ad to de cide on th e m agazine 's form at: H TM L or PD F. I favore d PD F, s ince it w oul d al l ow m ore e l e gant de s igns by us ing a nice GUI appl ication (afte r al l , in H TM L, w h at you s e e is n't al w ays w h at you ge t). Now th e h unt w as on for th e pe rfe ct

Th e pos tings w e re pil ing up on th e Ubuntu Forum s , s o m uch s o th at w e th ough t th e y m igh t be cons ide re d as s pam (e ntire page s w e re adde d to th e th re ad e ach day). Luck il y, th e k ind m ode rators gave us th e ir bl e s s ing to k e e p going. H ow e ve r, w e k ne w w e w oul d ne e d a

h om e s om e day. So Rob Ke rfia got on th e cas e :

I re m e m be re d th at q uote w e l l , e s pe cial l y w h e n w e re l e as e d Is s ue # 0 to th e m as s e s . W e â&#x20AC;&#x2122; l l tal k m ore about th is l ate r. It w as tim e to s tart cre ating te m pl ate s for h ow th e page s w oul dl ook . For col ors , I w as th ink ing of th e orange and brow n w h ich Ubuntu s porte d at th e tim e :

As a tribute to Ubuntu Forum s (for ge tting th is w h ol e th ing off th e ground), I us e d th e ir col ors to s e e h ow th e y l ook e d. Vie w e rs

pre fe rre d th e m to th e pre vious orange col ors :

Ne xt, w h at k ind of font w oul d s uit th e m agazine ?I found a font s im il ar to th e Ubuntu-l ogo font, and us e d it for th e Ful lCircl e l ogo, th e cove r, and th e m agazine . In h inds igh t, th is w as n't one of m y be tte r ide as .

Ubuntu Forum s us e r gave a ne w ide a for a l ogo:

Th e m as s e s and m ys e l f w e re im pre s s e d w ith th is m e rge of al l four fl avors of Ubuntu in one l ogo: Edubuntu on th e top righ t, Kubuntu on th e l e ft, Ubuntu on th e bottom righ t, and th e Xubuntu m ous e in th e m iddl e. Pe rfe ct! Th e ne xt ve rs ion h ad th e Kubuntu s e ction m ove d to th e l ow e r righ t. Be tw e e n th at and th e Ubuntu-s tyl e te xt be s ide it, th e l ogo w as com ing al ong in l e aps and bounds .

But th e n (uk ubuntu) appe are d on th e s ce ne w ith a l ogo:

Irony?April1, 2007 (April Fool s D ay) w as w h e n I re l e as e d th e firs t be ta of th e m agazine . I de cide d on be ta ve rs ions be caus e th e y s ounde d ge e k y and m ade m e s ound l ik e a program m e r -- w h ich coul dn't be furth e r from th e truth .

M ore irony?April2, 2007 brough t th e firs t pos ting from anoth e r l ong-running te am m e m be r, (Robe rt Cl ips h am ):

O n th at day, w e al s o cl e are d up al ittl e m is unde rs tanding be tw e e n m ys e l f and a m e m be r of th e . To cut a l ong s tory s h ort, th e M ark e ting Te am w e re offe ring th e ir s e rvice s to h e l p dis tribute th e s oon-to-be re l e as e d m agazine . I agre e d to th is , s ince I k ne w th e M ark e ting Te am w oul d h ave far m ore vis itors to th e ir s ite th an w e w oul d h ave . I th e n s ugge s te d th at I cre ate an Is s ue # 0 w h ich w oul d te l lth e h is tory of Ubuntu, and dis cus s th e ne w fe ature s of th e s oon-to-be re l e as e d Fe is ty Faw n. Th e M ark e ting Te am l ik e d th is ide a, and w e agre e d it w oul d be be s t to re l e as e # 0 jus t be fore th e re l e as e of Fe is ty its e l f. Th e fol l ow ing day m yk al re born

re fine d th e l ogo and it w as s tunning!

Now th at w e h ad a focus and targe t, it w as ful ls te am ah e ad. A de adl ine w as l oom ing and it w as tim e to furth e r re fine th e cove r im age :

W e s til lus e th is l ogo one -ye ar on. O n April4, I pos te d s om e s cre e ns h ots of h ow th e page s w e re com ing al ong (righ t). A pos ting th e n brough t up a val id point: w h ich l ice ns e w oul d th e m agazine be re l e as e d unde r? , from th e M ark e ting Te am , s ugge s te d w e us e th e l ice ns e . Th e re w e re no obje ctions from anyone s o it w as adopte d on April6, 2007.

I w as th ink ing: w e l l , Fe is ty Faw n w il lbe a h ot dis tro, and Fe is ty can m e an h ot, s o w h y not put s om e fire in th e re ....

O ok ooboontoo brough t m e dow n to e arth w ith a th um p (no pun inte nde d):

April12, 2007 s aw th e final be ta of w h at w oul d be re l e as e d as Is s ue # 0. Afte r e xactl y one m onth , and ove r fifty page s of pos ts on Ubuntu Forum s , Ful lCircl e M agazine Is s ue # 0 w as re l e as e d. Th e day w as April15, 2007.

re s e arch ...."W h y?W ith in days of Is s ue # 0 be ing re l e as e d, h is D rupal s ite m e l te d and die d. H e h ad to q uick l y tos s up a portalfronte nd to tak e th e s train off th e ave rage of five dow nl oads e ve ry m inute (th at's ove r s e ve n-th ous and dow nl oads pe r day). Eve n th e n, h is s e rve r s truggl e d to k e e p up. It al s o didn't h e l p Rob (th ough it h e l pe d us ) th at w e w e re fe ature d on . But to Rob's cre dit, th e s ite w as ne ve r dow n. Th e m oralof th e s tory: w h e n Rob s ays h e 's done h is re s e arch , be afraid, be ve ry afraid!

W h e n it cam e tim e to organize Ful l Circl e M agazine for Is s ue # 1, w e s aw noth ing avail abl e th at w as fre e and ope n s ource for organizing s uch a publ ication. W e w ante d a w e b-bas e d s ys te m th at coul d acce pt articl e s, put th e m in a w ik i, l e t proof-re ade rs e dit th e m , autom atical l y e m ail w rite rs , and s o on. But noth ing l ik e th is e xis ts -- e ve n now . A fe w days l ate r, I re m e m be re d vividl y Rob Ke rfia's q uote about D rupal : "I've done m y

Ke rfia, and a coupl e of oth e rs . Th at's w h y th e re w e re q uite a fe w m is tak e s in th e firs t fe w is s ue s , and pe opl e l e t us k now about it. For a w e bs ite , Rob cre ate d a q uick D rupals ite w h ich didn't do s o w e l l . It l ook e d nice , but it w as dying on its fe e t w ith th e s train of s e rving Is s ue # 0 to th e h ungry m as s e s .

Initial l y, al lth e articl e s cam e to m e (th e Editor). Th e y got m e re l y a q uick proof re ading from m ys e l f, Rob

Rough l y one -m onth l ate r, Is s ue # 1 arrive d. Again our poor D rupals ite h ad to s uffe r th e s train of dis h ing out is s ue s w il l ynil l y. O ur m ain conce rn w as

e ith e r th at pe opl e w e re ge tting a sl ow dow nl oad, or th at s om e tim e s th e s ite w oul dn't l oad q uick l y -- if at al l . Som e th ing h ad to be done . In addition, re ade rs w e re com pl aining about th e rounde d Ubuntu-s tyl e font be ing h ard to re ad, th e brow n col ors , and th e too-m any rounde d boxe s . I've no ide a w h y pe opl e com pl aine d about rounde d corne rs , but th e y did. A re de s ign w as ne e de d. By th e n, w e w e re al s o ge tting contacte d by various re ade rs w h o w ante d to trans l ate Ful lCircl e into th e ir native tongue (a gre at com pl im e nt). As tim e w e nt on, and th e te am be cam e l arge r, w e im pl e m e nte d a W e b-bas e d s ys te m cal l ed to h e l p organize th ings . O f cours e , no s oone r h ad w e im pl e m e nte d it th an th e y announce d th at th e proje ct w as cl os e d. But active Col l ab h ad its faul ts anyw ay. Its m ain de fe cts for us w e re th at it didn't al l ow onl ine e diting of fil e s (w h ich w e de s pe rate l y ne e de d), and it w as difficul t to adm inis te r. O nce again, w e h ad to th ink of s om e th ing el s e . I'm s ure you can s e e a

patte rn e m e rging h e re . Rob got to w ork cre ating a ne w w e bs ite (righ t). W e l l , m ore of a forum th an a s ite , but it did w e l lfor s e ve ral m onth s . W e now h ad an SM F forum ins tal l e d -- but w ith a portalfront-e nd for gaining e as y acce s s to th e dow nl oads . W e al s o cre ate d an IRC ch anne l . W e k ne w w e ne e de d s om e one to k e e p an e ye on al lth e s e th ings . Robe rt Cl ips h am (M rM onday) w as ch os e n for th is . Th is ch oice w as e as y, s ince h e practical l yl ive d on th e forum and on th e various IRC

ch anne l s . W h il e h e w as doing th at, I s e t to w ork on a re de s ign. Is s ue # 2 w as re l e as e d w ith a ne w , cl e ane r l ayout, w h ich m os t pe opl e l ik e d. H ow e ve r, m any

ENGLISH ED ITIO N ISSUE

D O W NLO AD S

AVAILABLE TRANSLATIO NS (as of M arch '08)

59 ,044

D utch , Spanis h , Ital ian, Pol is h , Fre nch & H ungarian

50,128

Ital ian, Pol is h & D utch

33,517

Ch ine s e , Ital ian & Spanis h

28,031

Ch ine s e , Ital ian & Spanis h

34,770

Ch ine s e , Ge rm an, Ital ian & Spanis h

34,708

Ch ine s e , Ital ian & Spanis h

32,554

Ch ine s e , Ital ian & Spanis h

25,548

Ital ian and both Ch ine s e Traditional& Sim pl ifie d.

23,9 45

Ital ian and both Ch ine s e Traditional& Sim pl ifie d.

20,9 83

Fre nch & Ch ine s e

vie w e rs s til lw ante d a l ands cape l ayout rath e r th an th e curre nt portrait l ayout. Th is w oul d be a m ajor re de s ign job for m e . M ore ove r, w ith s e ve ral trans l ations of Is s ue # 0 ongoing w e h ad to do s om e th ing about h ow articl e s w e re proof-re ad and pas s e d to th e trans l ators . Rob Ke rfia to th e re s cue ! Rob ins tal l ed Pm W ik i (be l ow ), w h ich w oul dl et th e proof-re ade rs e dit th e articl es to corre ct s pe l l ing m is tak e s and bad gram m ar. W ith th is , Robe rt Cl ips h am , Rob Ke rfia, and m ys e l f w oul d h ave to pas te e ach re ce ive d articl e into th e w ik i and upl oad th e ne ce s s ary im age s -not a nice job. But at l e as t th e trans l ators w oul d h ave e as y acce s s to th e raw te xt -- or s o w e th ough t.

Afte r Is s ue # 3 w as re l e as e d, I be gan conve rting th e l ayout to l ands cape . Th is is probabl y not a big tas k for e xpe rts , but I w as not one : I h ad us e d onl y Adobe InD e s ign (in m y W indow s days ). Now I w as l e arning Scribus as I w e nt al ong. Afte r Is s ue s # 4 and # 5 w e re re l e as e d, w e re al ize d th e fl aw in our w ik i pl an: articl e s w e re inde e d be ing proof-re ad and e dite d on th e w ik i. H ow e ve r, w h e n I took an articl e and pl ace d it in th e Scribus l ayout, th e articl e s om e tim e s w as too l arge for th e al l ocate d s pace . I th e n h ad to e dit th e articl e in Scribus to m ak e it fit. Th is m e ant th at th e articl e in th e re l e as e d PD F did not m atch th e articl e on th e w ik i. Th is al s o m e ant th at th e trans l ators w e re us ing th e w ik i te xt w h ich , e ve n w h e n trans l ate d, w as too l ong. I th e n im pl e m e nte d a w ord count for e ach re gul ar articl e . O ne page w as rough l y 350 w ords and coul d incl ude one im age . Articl e s s uch as H ow -To's w e re unl im ite d. Le ft-ove r s pace coul d be us e d to adve rtis e s ite s , s uch as Ubuntu Forum s . Th e ne xt probl e m w as our SM F portal . Th e forum its e l f w as rare l y us e d, but w e h ad a fe w -th ous and

m e m be rs w e didn't w ant to l os e . Rob Ke rfia ins tal l e d W ordPre s s (be l ow ), adde d Googl e Anal ytics , and s ucce s s ful l y conve rte d th e databas e from SM F to W ordPre s s s o th at w e coul d k e e p e xis ting l ogins and e m ailaddre s s e s for our m ail ing l is t. For a forum , w e appl ie d to Ubuntu Forum s for a 3rd Party forum and th e y gracious l y acce pte d.

By Is s ue # 6 th ings h ad s e ttl ed dow n. W e now h ad a good s ys te m for proof-re ading;th e forum w as now e ffe ctive l y h andl e d by Ubuntu Forum s ;

M rM onday w as h e l ping pe opl e in th e IRC and on th e forum ; W ordPre s s w as q uite h appil y s e rving up five is s ue s pe r m inute w ith out dying;and I final l y got up to s pe e d w ith Scribus . Th ings h ave s e ttl e d dow n ove r th e pas t fe w m onth s h e re at Ful l Circl e.

To give you an ide a of h ow q uick l y fl ie s off th e virtuals h e l f: Is s ue # 11 re l e as e d at approxim ate l y 0030am UTC on Friday 28th M arch . / 12

5,000

8,300

11,800

14,000

1. W indow s

135,466

49 .00%

2. Linux

132,09 9

47.78%

3. M acintos h

7,559

2.73%

4. (not s e t)

9 24

0.33%

5. Fre e BSD

137

0.05%

6. SunO S

0.03%

7. iPod

0.01%

8. Sym bianO S

0.01%

9 . iPh one

0.01%

10. O pe nBSD

0.01%

Googl e Anal ytics graph (Aug. 07 - M ar. '08) s h ow ing s pik e s as e ach is s ue is re l e as e d. O n re l e as e days th e num be r of dail y vis itors can jum p from 100 to 8,000! 276,464 vis its cam e from 186 countrie s /te rritorie s (s h ow n righ t)

1. Unite d State s

51,845

2.53