IOM #Iraq Anbar Governorate Snapshot (November 2014)

displacement snapshot: Anbar Profile of displacement1

displacement in 2014

IDP families from Anbar had 66% ofdisplaced within Anbar

PRE-JUNE

JUNE-JULY

52,256 IDP families of IDP families were living 57% with host families

3,732 IDP families

TOTAL 62,206 families

6,218 IDP families

79 locations

212 locations

5,256 October

56 locations

252 locations3

IDP movement in 2014

Overview In light of the deteriorating security situation in the governorate and continuous clashes between government forces and armed groups (AGs), large numbers of families have been displaced in Anbar throughout the past two months. Field reports indicate that as October 31, 2014, AG control about 85% of the governorate and battles are taking place in many locations, most recently in the city of Al-Furat and Heet City in Heet district. Daily battles and clashes, in addition to the airstrikes carried out by the International Coalition, render security very unpredictable and movement highly restricted.

The International Coalition led airstrikes began on August 7 and have continued to date. The months of September and October experienced renewed fighting between the Iraqi Security Forces (ISF) and armed groups on the ground. Due to the recent resurgence of violence in the governorate, the number of displaced families in Anbar now amounts to over 62,000.

Anbar hosted the largest population of IDPs until the AG offensive of Mosul and subsequent clashes throughout the summer. Anbar currently hosts the second largest IDP population after Dahuk, accounting for 19% of total 2014 displacement in Iraq. In 2014 alone, displacement in Iraq currently amounts to nearly 2 million individuals.

All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) from 9 November 2014 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page

POST-AUGUST

313,536 IDP individuals 22,392 IDP individuals 37,308 IDP individuals 373,236 IDP individuals2

families were displaced in

1

IOM Iraq november 2014

2

Identified IDP families 15001-20000 11001-15000 7001-11000 5001-7000 3001-5000 2001-3000 1-2,000

Ra’ua

Ana

DISPLACED FAMILIES 29,403 FROM ANBAR 59,939 WITHIN ANBAR

Haditha

Al-Ka’im

57,215

Heet Ramadi

Al-Rutba

Fallujah

54,948 2,267 82,774

LEGEND Primary Movements

2,267 TO ANBAR

Identified IDP Families

62,206 TOTAL

10,001 - 20,000

Figures for number of individual IDPs calculated by multiplying the number of families by 6, the average size of an Iraqi family.

3 As a single location may host groups of IDPs from different waves of displacement, this figure represents the number of distinct locations in the

20,001 - 40,000 5,001 - 10,000 1,501 - 5,000 0 - 1,500

governorate hosting new IDP populations for 2014, regardless of date of displacement.

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IOM Iraq november 2014

displacement snapshot: Anbar displacement trends in anbar

In mid-September, citizens in the city of Fallujah were displaced due to fighting. Despite the movement restrictions in place, 950 families displaced from Fallujah city southward to Al-Amiriyah district in the Fallujah governorate. Then, beginning in October, AGs led an offensive in Anbar targeting Heet City and the city of Al-Furat in Heet district, taking control of new positions all throughout the governorate. These clashes intensified throughout the month, displacing more families to other locations within the governorate and to other governorates, amounting to 5,256 families in the month of October. Nearly half of these families are concentrated in Haditha district, about 1,274 displaced families are located in Heet, and over 800 displaced families are in Ramadi district.

The current wave of displacement, which is largely a result of clashes in Heet district, is not an isolated incident in Anbar, but rather a new development in the displacement trends that began earlier this year. Incidence of displacement has increased rapidly in the past two months after a relative lull, indicating further deterioration of the security situation and worsening the humanitarian situation on the ground. Reports indicate that at this point, families are not necessarily feeling to safe locations, they are merely escaping the fighting to ‘safer’ locations due to the strict limitations on movement. The heavy fighting in and around Heet city in October, as well as the violence in Haditha resulted in the displacement of over 6,200 families since the start of August, bringing the total number of IDP families within Anbar in 2014 to over 62,000 IDP families.

Needs and access to services In Anbar, IDPs have little access to food and water. Ninety-eight percent of families report lack of sufficient access to food and over 60% report not having sufficient access to water.

Similarly, close to 60% of families lacked access to functioning health services. Field reports indicate that despite the existence of health facilities, the severe lack of supplies, medicine, and medical staff limit the services offered. Those who were displaced after August continue to live without sufficient access to food or water and access to sanitation facilities and functioning health facilities is still a challenge.

The number one priority need expressed by almost all IDPs in Anbar is food, as the governorate has been subject to severe shortages due to restrictions of movement and trade. The second, third and fourth were NFIs, shelter/housing, and water respectively.

These needs are consistent with the new displaced population post October.

Field reports indicate that access to energy, fuel, electricity, and water differs from one district to another. While access to water and electricity in most governorates is generally acceptable with intermittent blackouts, it is reportedly not available in Ramadi and AlKarma. Additionally, the prices of gasoline and kerosene are increasing, placing further strain on displaced families in the winter months. Those who were displaced after August continue to live without sufficient access to food and water and are facing security related challenges to accessing health centers and proper sanitation facilities

2014 IDP FAMILIES by district in anbar DISTRICT PRE JUNE JUNE-JULY POST-AUGUST TOTAL Al-Ka’im

2,291

403

88

2,782

Al-Rutba

4,407

70

375

4,852

Ana

2,218

167

2,385

Fallujah

17,207

950

18,157

Haditha

4,430

1,645

2,485

8,560

Heet

12,674

1,564

1,286

15,524

Ramadi

7,509

806

8,315

Rawa

1,520

50

61

1,631

TOTAL

51,971

3,732

6,018

62,206

2

displacement snapshot: Anbar 4%

Shelter in Anbar

By far, the most common shelter type for IDPs in Anbar is being hosted with relatives. Sixty percent11% of

Series1

3%

Shelter Types in Anbar

IDPs in Anbar are living in this shelter type followed by significant populations of IDPs who are living in rented housing, abandoned buildings, and schools. The high number of IDP families currently staying with relatives has led to issues of over-crowdedness and unsustainable housing arrangements. Many 7% of these families are currently staying in rudimentary tents annexed to their relatives’ homes and lack access to basic services. With the impending onset of winter, these families are vulnerable.

Most IDPs living in abandoned buildings are located in Heet and Ramadi, which host 2,283 and 2,177 families in this shelter type respectively. Though IDPs living in schools are widespread throughout the 15% governorate, Fallujah and Ramadi together account for 77% of IDPs living in schools. Families living in these unstable shelter types are among the most vulnerable populations, as they often lack access to basic services, are more likely to be evicted, and will be susceptible to the winter weather.

IOM Iraq november 2014

4%

Relatives Sum of With Relative / ‫ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ‬ ) ‫)ﻣﺿﻳﻔﺔ‬ Sum of Rented House / ‫ﺳﻛﻥ‬

3%

‫ﻣﺅﺟﺭ‬

Rented housing House / Sum of Rented

11%

60%

7%

Sum of With Relative / ‫ﻊ ﻋﺎﺋﻠﺔ‬ ‫)ﻣﺿﻳﻔﺔ )ﺃﻗﺎﺭﺏ‬

Sum of School Building / ‫ﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ‬

Schools Sum ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬of School Building ‫ﺍﻟﻣﺩﺍﺭﺱ‬ 60%

15%

IDP families from anbar outside anbar 10,396

Abandoned buildings Sum of Sum ofAbandoned/public Abandoned/pub buildings /under construction buildings /under constr / ‫ ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻥ‬/‫ﻣﺑﺎﻧﻲ ﻣﻬﺟﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻭ ﻗﻳﺩ ﺍﻻﻧﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ ‫ﺃﻣﺎﻛﻥ‬ / ‫ﺍﻻﻧﺷﺎء‬ ‫ﻗﻳﺩ‬ ‫ﻭﺭﺓ ﺍﻭ‬ ‫ﻋﺎﻣﺔ‬ Collective centers centre Sum of Collective Sum of Collective centres / ‫ﺭﺳﻣﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﺟﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ‬ ‫ﻣﻼﺟﺊ ﺟﻣﺎﻋﻳﺔ ﺭﺳﻣﻳﺔ‬ Other Other

IDPs from anbar in other governorates 6,434 5,458

3,028

3,103

984

baghdad

Baghdad

Erbil

maniyah

other Sulaymaniyah erbil

Other

Kirkuk

h al-Din

salah al-din kirkuk

Other

The critical security situation and continuous developments in Anbar has also forced many IDPs to displace to other governorates. In 2014, 89,342 IDP families, amounting to over a half million individuals, originated from Anbar. While over 67% of this population remained within the governorate, close to 30,000 families displaced to other governorates; Baghdad, Erbil, and Sulaymaniyah received the highest numbers with 10,396 families, 6,434 families, and 5,458 families respectively. The number of IDPs in other governorates who originated from Anbar reached 25,000 during the height of the clashes between government forces and armed groups. Renewed clashes in July also pushed a number of families to displace from Anbar. Since August, fighting around Fallujah and Heet district triggered the latest wave to displace reaching over 5,000 families.

The majority of families that were displaced since August remained in Anbar with small numbers also fleeing to nearby Baghdad and Babylon.

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displacement snapshot: Anbar

IOM Iraq november 2014

waves of displacement in 2014 Regarding displacement trends during the year, most families displaced in April and May. In April alone, over 35,000 families were displaced. Though occurring more frequently throughout certain periods, displacement has been ongoing throughout 2014.

On the district level, the number of IDPs has fluctuated throughout the year as families moved between locations fleeing clashes. In August and September, IDP figures in various districts remained stable until the intensification of clashes in the end of September, resulting in families being displaced from Al-Ka’im, Al-Rutba, Ana, Falluja, Haditha, Ramadi, Ra’ua. The number of IDPs residing in Heet has decreased since mid-October, as many have had to again displace due to fighting between AGs and government forces in the district.

new displacement from heet district

Cumulative 2014 displacement from anbar 70,000 60,000 50,000 40,000 30,000 20,000 10,000

october

This governorate profile was developed under the framework of the Community Revitalization Programme III (CRPIII), funded by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM).

september

August

july

june

may

april

New movement

March

Displacement location

1-1,500 1,501-4,500 4,501-8,500 8,501-15,000 15,001-30,000

0 January

idp families by district

4