IOM #Iraq Governorate Snapshot: Sulaymaniyah (September 2014)

DISPLACEMENT SNAPSHOT: SULAYMANIYAH PROFILE OF DISPLACEMENT1

67%

FORNT RE

IOM IRAQ SEPTEMBER 2014

DISPLACEMENT IN 2014

of IDP families were reported to have food as a

55%

of post-August IDP families were Yazidis from

86%

of IDP families were living in rented houses

JUNE-JULY 2014

AUGUST 2014

TOTAL

5,116 IDP families

8,466 IDP families

1,488 IDP families

15,070 IDP families

30,696 IDP individuals

50,796 IDP individuals

8,928 IDP individuals

90,420 IDP individuals3

66 locations

54 locations

25 locations

104 locations4

PRE-JUNE 2014

priority need

Ninewa fleeing armed groups

IDP MOVEMENT IN 2014

OVERVIEW Sulaymaniyah, located in the northeast corner of Iraq bordering Iran, is part of the semiautonomous Kurdistan Region of Iraq (KRI). The governorate hosts a significant population of Syrian refugees, the majority of which are in the Arbat Camp (24,425 persons) in the southeastern region of the governorate.2 It also continues to host a growing number of IDPs resulting from a worsening security situation in other areas of Iraq, mainly Anbar and Salah al-Din, due to ongoing fighting between government forces and armed groups (AGs) who have seized control of areas of central and northern Iraq. Sulaymaniyah is an attractive place for displaced families, as it has regularly enjoyed stable security and a comparatively strong economy. However, the economic situation has recently suffered gravely due to the ongoing budget disagreement between the Kurdistan Regional Government (KRG) and the central government of Iraq (GOI) which has caused a delay of monthly salaries to public sector employees and subsequently led to the suspension of most construction projects and affected the market movement. Rent prices are continuously rising, leading to over-crowded rental homes; as well, fuel availability has been severely limited, and prices have drastically increased.

The security situation, as well, has deteriorated since April. In June, after GOI forces pulled out, the Kurdish Peshmarga forces were mobilized to areas whose governance has traditionally been disputed between the Central Government and the KRG. Security forces have raised alerts for threats and continue to set up checkpoints as a security measure.

Rania

Pshdar Dokan

6,776

13,947

Sharbazher Penjwin 0 Sulaymaniyah

0 13,947 0

6,776 0

13,947

Halabja

Chamchamal

Darbandihkan Kalar

LEGEND

Primary Movements

Identified IDP Families

20,001-40,000 20,001 - 40,000 10,001 - 20,000 10,001-20,000 5,001 - 10,000 5,001-10,000 1,501 - 5,000 1,501-5,000 0 - 1,500 0-1,500

IDENTIFIED IDP FAMILIES

0 0 FLED SULAYMANIYAH 13,947 Identified IDP Families 0 0 WITHIN SULAYMANIYAH LEGEND

Primary Movements

20,001 - 40,000 10,001 - 20,000

5,001 - 10,000 1,501 - 5,000

15,070 LEGEND 0 - 1,500

TO SULAYMANIYAH

Primary Movements

15,070 TOTAL

Identified IDP Families 20,001 - 40,000 1

All information, unless otherwise specified, in this report is from IOM’s Displacement Tracking Matrix (DTM) from 1 September 2014 and from field reports of the Rapid Assessment and Response Teams. For more information on the DTM, visit: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page

2

4 UNHCR Interagency Information Sharing Portal: data.unhcr.org/ As a single location may host groups IDPs from different waves of 10,001of- 20,000 displacement, this figure represents the-number syrianrefugees 5,001 10,000 of distinct locations in the 3 for 2014, regardless of date of Figures for number of individual IDPs have been calculated by multiplying the governorate hosting new IDP populations 1,501 - 5,000 displacement. number of families by 6, the average size of an Iraqi family.

0 - 1,500

1

IOM IRAQ SEPTEMBER 2014

DISPLACEMENT SNAPSHOT: SULAYMANIYAH DISPLACEMENT TRENDS

IDENTIFIED IDP FAMILIES IN SULAYMANIYAH GOVERNORATE OF ORIGIN

Displacement trends within the governorate have been mainly toward Sulaymaniya district which hosts about 59% of IDP families. Chamchamal and Kalar districts host the next largest numbers of IDPs in the governorate with close to 1,700 families each. IDPs originating from Diyala mainly relocated to Kalar district with a number of families in Darbandikhan. The vast majority of IDP families from Salah al-Din -more than 5,000 families- are located in Sulaymaniya district with small numbers of families across other districts.

CURRENT DISTRICT

Anbar

Sulaymaniyah

Overall in 2014, the movement toward Sulaymaniyah has been from Salah al-Din and Anbar, with 45% and 35% respectively due to security crisis in these governorates and clashes between government forces and AGs. In the period before June, 85% of the IDP located in Sulaymaniyah originated from Anbar, and they were mostly Arab Sunni Muslims. Renewed fighting and violence since then has seen the arrival of the new minorities of Assyrian Christians, Kurdish Shia Muslims, and Kurdish Yazidis. During the months of June and July, close to 7,000 IDP families originated from Salah al-Din and the majority of them chose to relocate to Sulaymaniyah district.

Since the beginning of August, the vast majority of displacement toward Sulaymaniyah (more than 1,200 families) originated from Ninewa, which has experienced continued fighting and a deteriorating security situation.Notably, 55% of these families displaced since the start of August Sulaymaniyah were Kurdish Yazidis fleeing Ninewa as a result of the targeting they suffered from armed groups. Yazidi movement from Ninewa came as a result of clashes that broke out near the Sinjar Mountains. On August 4, a humanitarian corridor was opened under the protection of the Kurdish Peshmerga forces from the Sinjar Mountains to the Syrian border. By August 13th, most families had been evacuated via the safety corridor through Syria and had crossed into Dahuk at the Peshkhabour border Crossing. Many of these families have been displaced to Dahuk, but smaller numbers have chosen to relocate to Sulaymaniya.

Diyala

TOTAL IDP FAMILIES IDENTIFIED

Ninewa

Salah al-Din

3,236

497

5,123

8,856

Chamchamal

708

381

701

1,790

Kalar Dokan Darbandihkan Halabja Sharbazher Rania Pshdar TOTAL

487 492 113 29 117 103

1,192

5,285

1,578

413 386

1,679 1,260 869 208 202 156 50

355 370 179

85 53 50 1,479

6,728

15,070

While a small number of families in locations assessed in June and July were either hoping to return to an area of past displacement or were waiting on one or more factors to decide their intentions, the vast majority of families planned to return to their place of origin when the situation permitted. However, they all listed good security as their main pull factor to their current location.5

NEEDS OF IDPS IN SULAYMANIYAH Food represents the number one priority need for 67% of IDP families in Sulaymaniya, NFIs and CRIs are also considered a priority need by more than 60% of the families. Water and shelter are also needs of the IDP population as 6% of families listed them as their top need. Almost all families reported not having access to food, while only small percentages reported not having adequate access to water, sanitation facilities, and health services.

5 Displacement Tracking Matrix Round IV Overview Report, as of 7 August 2014. Available here: http://iomiraq.net/dtm-page

A Christian IDP family seeking shelter in the St. Joseph Catholic Chaldean Church in Sulaymaniyah, as they are unable to afford the high rent prices. 12 August 2014

2

DISPLACEMENT SNAPSHOT: SULAYMANIYAH SHELTER IN SULAYMANIYAH The most common shelter type in Sulaymaniyah is rented houses with 86% of IDP families living in this type of accommodation. These families are likely to be using their savings to secure monthly rent; as their displacement is prolonged they might no longer be able to afford their current accommodation pushing them to seek more vulnerable shelter options.

IOM IRAQ SEPTEMBER 2014

MOST COMMON SHELTER TYPES FOR IDPS IN SULAYMANIYAH 7%

1%3% 3%

Across the governorate, a small number of families, a little more than a 1,000 families, are staying in rented hotels, and about 400 families are seeking shelter in school buildings.

Abandoned buildings 1

Schools

Notably, about 22% of families that arrived in Sulaymaniyah during the month of August are seeking shelter in school buildings with the majority located in the Chamchamal district (220 families). This growing phenomenon puts these families under great vulnerability; as the school year is about to start which will push these families to relocate. Currently, the local authorities have announced a plan to establish three new camps in Chamchamal, Kalar, and Dukan to accommodate the growing numbers of IDPs, in the meantime, a number of families is being transferred to Arbat camp in Sulaymaniyah district.

2

Rented housing 3

Hotels

Although Chamchamal only holds 12% of the IDPs in Sulaymaniya, it hosts about half of the IDP population in schools across the governorate, a total of about 200 families. Of close to 450 families seeking shelter in abandoned buildings across the governorate, about 300 families are located in Kalar district. Interestingly, all the families that are being hosted in churches are Assyrian Christians and are located in Sulaymaniyah district.

86%

4

Other7

5

KHANAQIN AND KIFRI DISTRICTS The Khanaqin and Kifri districts of Diyala have traditionally been considered ‘ Disputed Internal Boundaries’ (DIBs) between the government of Iraq and the Kurdistan Regional government (KRG), as the areas hold from both significant Arab and Kurdish populations and border the Sulaymaniyah governorate. Khaniqin specifically has been Together, Khanaqin and Kifri host over 8,500 IDP families, effectively 90% of the displaced population in Diyala.

All IDPs, over 2,500 families, which arrived in Kifri district, have all arrived during the month of June and July from Diyala. Similarly all 6,077 IDP families that have arrived in Khanaqin originated internally in Diyala and have all arrived since the start of June.

Over two thirds of IDPs in Kifri are currently staying in rented houses whereas over 500 families are currently being hosted by relative in the district. In Kifri and Khanaqin, 43% of families are currently in vulnerable housing.6 In Kifri alone, over 150 families are seeking shelter in school buildings, and a similar number in abandoned/ public spaced/buildings under construction. In Khanaqin, IDPs are spread out amongst various shelter types with over 55% of families staying in vulnerable shelter, namely camps, schools buildings and abandoned/public spaced/buildings under construction. Across to two districts, about one in every six families is currently being hosted by relatives.

This governorate profile was developed under the framework of the Community Revitalization Programme III (CRPIII), funded by the U.S. Department of State’s Bureau of Population, Refugees, and Migration (PRM).

Camps to accommodate IDPs were constructed in Khanaqin district. July 2014.

6 Vulnerable housing types include camps/transit camps, religious buildings, informal settlements, abandoned buildings/public spaces/ buildings under construction, school buildings, and collective centres.

Other includes unknown, relatives, owned housing and religious buildings.

7

3

DTM Sulaymaniyah Governorate Dashboard

As of 1 September 2014

Governorate of Origin Dahuk

Ninewa

Rania IDP Families: 156 IDPs: 936

Erbil Kirkuk

Sulaymaniyah

Diyala Baghdad KerbalaBabylon

Wassit

Qadissiya Najaf

IDP Families : 23,715 IDPs *** : 142,290

Dokan IDP Families: 1,260 IDPs: 7,560

Salah al-Din

Anbar

TOTAL

Pshdar IDP Families: 50 IDPs: 300

Missan

Sharbazher IDP Families: 202 IDPs: 1,212

IRAN

Thi-Qar

Muthanna

Basrah

Chamchamal IDP Families: 1,790 IDPs: 10,740

IDP FAMILIES BY GOVERNORATE OF ORIGIN DISTRICT OF DISPLACEMENT ANBAR DIYALA NINEWA SALAH AL-DIN TOTAL Chamchamal 708 381 701 1,790 Darbandihkan 113 386 370 869 Dokan 492 413 355 1,260 Halabja 29 179 208 Kalar 487 1,192 1,679 Pshdar 50 50 Rania 103 53 156 Sharbazher 117 85 202 Sulaymaniya 3,236 497 5,123 8,856 Khanaqin * 6,077 6,077 Kifri * 2,568 2,568 TOTAL 5,285 10,223 1,479 6,728 23,715

Sulaymaniya IDP Families: 8,856 IDPs: 53,136

Kirkuk

Halabja IDP Families: 208 IDPs: 1,248

Kalar IDP Families: 1,679 IDPs: 10,074

Identified IDP Families 30,001 - 81,000 15,001 - 30,000 5,001 - 15,000 3,001 - 5,000 1,501 - 3,000 Salah al-Din 501 - 1,500 1 - 500

Kifri * IDP Families: 2,568 IDPs: 15,408

Darbandihkan IDP Families: 869 IDPs: 5,214

Khanaqin * IDP Families: 6,077 IDPs: 36,462

IDP FAMILIES BY SHELTER ARRANGEMENT

23,715 0 23,715 0

IDP Families Within Sulaymaniyah To Sulaymaniyah From Sulaymaniyah

*: Disputed district that is assisted through KRG

1,525 15,381 32 1,211

***: Based on an average of 6 individuals per family

Camp Rented Houses Own House With Relatives

31 963 97 2,101

With Host Family Non Relatives

1,067

Hotel / Motel

School Buildings

1,307

Unknown Or Other

Mosques / Holly Shrines Abandoned Public Buildings