The Arms Flyers Commercial Aviation, Human Rights, and the Business of War and Arms Addendum: Documents & Maps
Published by IPIS vzw (Antwerp, Belgium)
Transarms-Research (Chicago, USA)
TA-R
!"#$%&'()*+,$"-.'/'012. 3456'! !"#$%&'()*+),"-&.()/0.123)#0-1&444 !"#$%&'()5+))678)#0-1&9):8)10.;&)3&0)3<=>%&'()#"'(0='&.444?4 !"#$%&'()@+):A11=&B3)3<=>444)678)C=11)<0D&)'"(<=';)(")E")C=(<)(<&)3<=>?4 !"#$%&'()F+)G8H)E"#$%&'()3<"C=';)(<&)I0J&)."$(&)"I)I1=;<()*FKKGL !"#$%&'()M+))G&#".E23).&#".E3)"')0.%3)301&3)>."I=( !"#$%&'()K+))N".1E)N=E&)8.%32)I0O)(")G8H)&O&#$(=D&)P$11=;0')"')8.."C)8=.)I1=;<( !"#$%&'()Q+)R=.3()>0;&)"I)(<&)SG)6$3("%3)7'T$=.U)"')V"'E$)60.=-B3)WXY5Y* !"#$%&'()Z+))8;.&&%&'()-&(C&&')8.."C)8=.)0'E)G8H !"#$%&'()X+)WG6),&T$=.&%&'()I".)#"D&.()8=.1=I( !"#$%&'()*Y+)))G8H)>=1"().&>".(3)"')>0='(=';)I0J&).[')I".)(<&)I1=;<()(")73.0&1)0'E)7.0' !"#$%&'()**+)67823)8=.)\.0'#<)&%".0'E$%9)8$;$3()5K)*XZM !"#$%&'()*F+))H<&)I='01)(.$(<)]0^ !"#$%&'()*M+))H<&)I='01)(.$(<)]-^ !"#$%&'()*K+)H<&)#"'(&3(&E)E"#$%&'(3 !"#$%&'()*Q+)_<"&'=O)8D=0(="'[\=")8=.)I0O)(")8=.)W0D&((&)I".)=(3)<=.&E)7`QK)]HXa686^ !"#$%&'()*Z+)8=.C0U)-=119)L$1U)*Q9)*XXX444 !"#$%&'()*X+)R0O)H&>0D=0aH.0'39)5M)L$'&)5YYF !"#$%&'()5Y+)60-1&)PAWS69)*Z)8$;$3()5YY@ !"#$%&'()5*+)60.;")P0'=I&3(9)*5)R&-.$0.U)5YYF !"#$%&'()55+)8=.)R.0'#&)0=.C0U)-=11)b)G&>(&%-&.)*X9)5YYZ !"#$%&'()5@+)8=.C0U)-=11)H$.J%&'=3(0')8=.1='&39)5*)P0U)5YYQ4 !"#$%&'()5F+)H<&)(C")>0#J=';)1=3(3)>.&>0.&E)-U)SHP) !"#$%&'()5M+)F`a8N823)(<=.E)0'E)103()I1=;<()>10' !"#$%&'()5K+)8=.C0U)-=11)>.&>0.&E)-U)8=.)c".U")]3&#"'E)0=.C0U)-=11^)a)!&#&%-&.)**9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)8+)H<&)7`aQK)<=3(".U)"I).&;=3(.0(="'3)0'E)">&.0(".3 !"#$%&'()5K)\+)F`a8N8)6&.(=I=#0(&)"I),&;=3(.0(="'9)G&>(&%-&.)5F9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)6+)8=.)N&3()a)A>&.0(".23)6&.(=I=#0(&9)L$'&)K9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)!+)8;.&&%&'()-&(C&&')8=.)N&3()0'E)G_)H.0E=';9)W"D&%-&.)M9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)/+)8;.&&%&'()-&(C&&')G_)H.0E=';)0'E)SHP9)!&#&%-&.)F9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)R+)G_)H.0E=';)a)6&.(=I=#0(&)"I)7'#".>".0(="'9)L$1U)559)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)d+)G_)H.0E=';)b)G<0.&<"1E&.3 !"#$%&'()5K)V+)G_)H.0E=';)a)6&.(=I=#0(&)"I)!=.&#(".3 !"#$%&'()5K)7+)S'="')H">)P0'0;&%&'()a)P&%".0'E$%)"I)833"#=0(="'9)G&>(&%-&.)*9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)L+)6<0.(&.)8;.&&%&'()-&(C&&')G_)H.0E=';)0'E)SHP9)!&#&%-&.)F9)5YYX !"#$%&'()5K)c+)8;.&&%&'()-&(C&&')G_)H.0E=';)0'E)8=.)N&3()a)V"$.1U)#"3()"I)F`a8N)]86P7)(&.%3^
* 5 @ M K Q Z X *Y ** *5 *@ *F *Q 5* 55 5@ 5F 5M 5K 5Z 5X @Y @* @@ @F @M @K @Q @Z @X FY F* F5 F@
\"O)**+)`&((&.)-U)e)8=.>".()%0'0;&.)(")G0%)/';"10)]G<"C0)H.0E&)8=.^
5Y
P0>)*+)`"#0(="'3)"I)(<&)6"'(.03).&3$>>1U)">&.0(="'34 P0>)5+)`"#0(="'3)"I)='(&.'011U)E=3>10#&E)>&.3"'3)=')8f&.-0=g0'4 P0>)@+)H<&)0=.-".'&)#"%>"'&'()"I)0.%3)(.0'3I&.3)I."%),$33=0')R&E&.0(="')8R\3)(")8.%&'=04 P0>)F+)H<&)d"%0ac=("'0)0=.)-.=E;& P0>)K+)A>(="'3)I".)G&0a`0'E)."$(&3)(")c0-$1 P0>)Q+)H<&)."$(&)"I)F`a8N8
F *M *K *X 5Q @5
317-'!! !"#$%&'()5Q+)G0%>1&)"I)0)_$.#<03&)8;.&&%&'()(")C<=#<)(<&)\=11)"I)G01&).&I&.3 !"#$%&'()5Z+)\=11)"I)G01&)"I)8'a*5)%[')F@F*ZY*)) !"#$%&'()5X+)8=.C".(<='&33)6&.(=I=#0(&)"I)Xha6dh !"#$%&'()@Y+)!&1=D&.U)W"(&)"I)8'a*5)%[')F@F*ZY*)) !"#$%&'()@*+)71&O)i&'($.&3)='#".>".0(="' !"#$%&'()@5+)8'("')c1=%J")03)E=.&(".)"I)#"%>0'=&3 !"#$%&'()@@+)6&.(=I=#0(&)"I),&;=3(.0(="')I".)(<&)8'a*5)X`a`6,9)%[')F@F*ZY* !"#$%&'()@F+)8=.#.0I(),0E=")G(0(="')`=#&'3&)I".)(<&)8'a*5)X`a`6, !"#$%&'()@M+)8=.#.0I()7'3$.0'#&)I".)X`a`6,9)8>.=1)*9)5YY@
=
FF FM FK FQ FZ FX MY M* M5
!"#$%&%'%()#*)+,-%"+.%$/,%01-)+,--%23%4"#%"+.%(#5-
RAF Brize Norton - 2005, a MK Airlines Boeing 747 (9G-MKM) waiting to load new Iraqi Police Land Rovers. (ŠUK MOD Crown Copyright 2011)
7
!"#$%&$'()*+,$-.+/01$2.)/*$345(+61$,7*$89#:#$(4$,7*$$;(<434=$(5$,7*$>.3+273/;$#?%@AB
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%&$$#'($)*+,-.$/($,*01-$2-*$23456-78$)978*47-0$9:$2;55908$6*8-04-,$42$0-*<=$:90$<-,4>-0=?5*)@-<$*6971$ ),983-2$2;55,4-2$A48347$83-$)978*47-0$A4,,$+-$;725-)4:4-<$A-*5972BC
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%&$'"(()*+,$,-).///$#01$2)(($-34*$567-)58$76$96$2)7-$7-*$,-).:/
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%$&$'()"*+(,-$(.$*/0$1(,*2"-$20-3##45$(#02"*+(,-
!"#$%&'()$*+,-$.,/(0!-
1
!"#$%&$'()$*+,-./01$23+4506$13/$789/$:+-1/$+7$7;5631$<%=='>
!"#$%&'()*!(+&,-(."%#/&012$34(5#63(74(897:
;
!"#$%&$$'()*+,-.$+()*+,.$*/$0+1.$.02(.$3+*456
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%&$$'()*+$',+-$.)/01$234$5($6.7$-4-895,:-$;9**,<3=$(=$.))(>$.,)$2*,<?5
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%&$'()*+$,-./$01$+2/$34$#5*+06*$7895():$08$;08<5$#-)(=>*$?@ABAC
!"#$%&'()*&$$+(,&-"$./0
1
!"#$%&$$'()**+*,-$.*-/**,$'))0/$'1)$2,3$4'5
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=
!"#$%&$'(#$)*+,-.*/*01$23.$435*.1$6-.7-21
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=>
!"#$%&'$$$()*$+,-./$01+.0/2$.3$+4,3/,35$6471$083$6.0$/91$6-,59/$/.$:2041-$43;$:043
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
==
!"#$%%&$#'()*$(+,$-,./01$2345,./6748$(797*:$;<$%=>?
!"#$%&'()*&+"$,("-(,.&(/"01$&223"045(/"663,,&&2(708&2,314,301(,.&(7$409%"0,$4(:--43$;<
=>
!"#$%&'$$()*$+,-./$0120)$3.4
!"#$%&'()*+,$*%,(-"#$,(."$(,/&()*+,$*%,(".(-"0#12*3
45
!"#$%&'$$()*$+,-./$0120)$345
!"#$%&'()*+,$*%,(-"#$,(."$(,/&()*+,$*%,(".(-"0#12*3
45
!"#$%$&$'()"*+(,-$(.$+,*/0,"112$3+-#1")/3$#/0-(,-$4+*5+,$67/08"+9",
!"#$%&'()!"#$%"&'()*+,'&-$.$"#(*"(/0$%1&*2&"*+(,-.*(///0123&$2-45617.4-%&8&230"$9
:;
!"#$%$&$'()$*+,-.,/)$0.1#./)/2$.3$*,14$',"/43),4$3,.1$5644+"/$7)8),"2+./$*794$2.$*,1)/+"
!"#$%&'()$*+,-$.,/(0!-
12
!"#$%&$'($)*+$,-./+0/+1$1-,23+./0
!"#$%&'()))*+&,-./"$#+*.01.$2-%3&4*5657.$2-%3&8-,9:;;<;=;>;?:@;;A;BC5.D&9;;C3.ED9.0
=F
!"#$%&$'($)*+$,-./+0/+1$1-,23+./0
!"#$%&'()))*+&,-./"$#+*.01.$2-%3&4*5657.$2-%3&8-,9:;;<;=;>;?:@;;A;BC5.D&9;;C3.ED9.0
=>
!"#$%$&$'()$*+,"&-./+0"$1.2$32.45)
!"#$%&'()$*+,-$.,/(0!-
12
!"#$%%&$'())(*$+,$-$./*0"*)$12324(*$)"$521$634"72$859":2$;*2<($./*=
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
GH
I TR PI S AN v . SA z.w R . M S !
A IP N IS SA v. RM z. w S .
TR
!! "# $% !
!"#$%&'$()*$+,-)./)0+1)234$56$782,$599:
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$#()*+$,"-.#/$01$234356$%&&7
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$#()*+$,(-./0123$&%$405)6()7$%889
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%%&$'()$*)+,-.$+()/+0$1(22$3$4.56.71.)$89:$%;;<
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%$&$'#()*+,$-*.$/0"&1"+2$.*3(0,$(*$4"536
!"#$%&'()*+,(-.%/(&0()*12(!"#$%&'()#'$*'+,-.#$/012-&$!#-13$4#&"+5)+5,$%&'-&#,+6$4#78057+9#5#77$-5.$:77#77+5,$ ;#8<0(1#5&$=8&+0572(3)45(6"$7"$+0.",2(8998
8:
!"#$%&'$()*+,-$.)//$01*2345)67,5$()*/)5468$%9$:,-$%;;<!
"#$%&'()*+*"),-./)0'123$4)5)6%789:%49/);":
<=
!"#$%&'$()*$+,-$./01234$526+6$.7*./7*8$9:$;(<$
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$()*+,+-.$/0123$453$64./$76180/$9645
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$()*+,-$.)//$0*10,*12$.-$()*$34*-4$5617482$,)*+,-$.)//9$:$!171;.1*$<<=$%>>?
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%$&$'()$*+,-)$./&010$"2-,"334$53)6$76(8-)9$":;$-()$#3"::);$*)-,*:$*+,-)$"5-)*$<":=>+>$74)33+69
!"#$%&'()$*+,-$.,/(0!-
12
!"#$%&$'($)*+$,-./&$*012345$36$4+70124820391$89:$3;+482341
'<80=8>=+$?*323748;*0@$!3@AB+9282039$39$2*+$,-./&$2*82$>+@8B+$C-.'D'E$<8403A1$13A4@+1 FGH$81(
F+;342+:$BG9
";+48234
I;322+:$82$
!82+
!"#$%$&% (A#!B" ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%''* ID#*%'?? ID#*%'?? ID#*%'?? IQ#Y*%)) IQ#Y*%)) IQ#Y*%)) IQ#Y*%)) IQ#Y*%)) IQ#Y*%(+ IQ#Y*%(+ IQ#Y*%(+ IQ#Y*%(+
'''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+C8 -J5J -J5 '''(&)%*%+ -J5J -J5J -J5J -J5J -J5J '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+ (&)%*%+ -J5J -J5J '''(&)%*%+ '''(&)%*%+
,-./.012 ,-./.012 K3B8"16E K3B8"16E K3B8"16E L,65S8"/6 L,65S8"/6 L,65S8"/68UBN,-5G/V L,65S8"/6 Z5N.8[/-R8UZ[WV Z5N.8[/-R8UZ[WV Z5N.8[/-R Z5N.8[/-R Z5N.8[/-R Z5N.8[/-R Z5N.8[/-R Z5N.8[/-R ,-./.012 L1/=56N L1/=56N [1N.8[/-R
34567548#89:3; 34567548#89:3; L,25M1N.8#8OPLQ L,25M1N.8#8OPLQ L5R42528#89!L3 :5-N.EL6-E8#8OTBL W,6/X48W!P YN.5-=,08#8OB<; Q562,=/X18#8OTQA8 Q562,=/X18#8OTQA 3E\/58#8OL3< T,5058O,GM,68#8[:TT KEN.EG108#8ITT: KEN.EG108#8ITT: KEN.EG108#8ITT: B,6]1>8/-\0/R4. Q0EF2/F8#8T6,GEFE8OLQA L,6R5N8#8OLLK8 KEN.EG108#8ITT: KEN.EG108#8ITT:
<1=6,56>8?@@% DEF1G=168)%H8?@@$ :5>8)?H8)''(8 ;,-18?@H8)''( %.48;,0>8)''( ;,-18?)#?&8)''& ;,-18)?H8)''&8 ;5-,56>8(H8)''+ :56X48?+H8)''+ "M6/08)@8)''$ :5>8*H8)''$8 ;,-18)%H8)''$ ;,0>8)'H8)''$8 ",R,N.8)@H8)''$ DEF1G=168?'H8)''$ "M6/08?&H8)''@ :5>8)'H8)''@ :5>8)''@8 ;,-18)''@ ;,0>8('H8)''@ ",R,N.8)?H8)''@
3E,6X1N^8"/60/-1NJ-1._8;1.Q4E.ENJ-1._8```J0]M2J/-\E_8Q05-1NJXa_8!,NN/5-Q05-1NJ-1.
((
!"#$%&$'($)*+,-,$#./0121340.$52$6.7180/40159:$;.<0.=>./$%):$%??@
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&$#'$()*$+,-.$/$"0,*1.2*3-$#,*.)4)51.,6$789,$&6$%::;
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&$!'$()*++,+-.$/+.0++-$(1*$2+3.$4-5$67$8*451-)9$:;<+,/+*$=9$%>>?
!!!
"#$%&'()*+*"),-./)0'123$4)5)6%789:%49/);":
<=
!"#$%&$'($)*+,,-,./$0,/1,,.$23$4+567.*$5.6$849:$!,;,-0,+$<:$%==>
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&$'($)*$+,-./01$2$#3,4/5/6-43$75$8067,97,-4/70:$;<=>$%%:$%??@
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&$'($)*$+,-./01$2$)3-,4356.4,7
!"
!"#$%&$'($)*$+,-./01$2$#3,4/5/6-43$75$!/,3647,8
!"
!"#$%&$'($)*+,*$-,.$/0*01232*4$5$/23,60*783$,9$:;;,<+04+,*=$>2.423?26$@=$%AAB
!"
!"#$%&$'($#)*+,-+$./+--0-1,$2-,3--1$45$6+*781/$*17$918:1$6:;$<*1*/-0-1,=$!->-02-+$?=$%@@A
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&$'($)*+,,-,./$0,/1,,.$23$4+567.*$5.6$)7+$8,9/$:$;<=+>?$@<9/$<A$BC:)8$D)#EF$/,+-9G
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
Part II - Example of Fraudulent Aircraft Registration
9Q-CGQ parked at Goma airport, 18 September 2008 (Credit: Peter Danssaert/IPIS vzw)
94
!"#$%&'$()*+,-$./$)$01234)5-$672--*-89$9.$:4;34$94-$<;,,$./$(),-$2-/-25
!"#$%&"'(&")*+*",-&("-"&$*"%$(&,.*&+.',)($'-)"/)-0
11
!"#$%&'$()**$+,$-.*/$+,$0123%$451$6763&83$$
!"#$%&'()*(!&%#$+,-(."#/%+0(1$"#2("3(452&$,6("/(78.9(6:;<<=:>>?9(@//&5&6
AB
!"#$%&'$()*+,*-.)/011$#0*-)2)34-0$,2$&56#75
!"#$%&'()*(!&%#$+,-(."#/%+0(1$"#2("3(452&$,6("/(78.9(6:;<<=:>>?9(@//&5&6
AB
!"#$%&'$!()*+(,-$./0($/1$23456$783$9%95:&5$$
!"#$%&'()*(!&%#$+,-(."#/%+0(1$"#2("3(452&$,6("/(78.9(6:;<<=:>>?9(@//&5&6
A>
!"#$%&'$()*+$,*-./0*1$2-3405406.24-
!"#$%&'()&*+,-$.$("/(0"12.3+&,
45
!"#$%&'$()*+)$,-./0+$12$3.45*+4$+6$7+/81).52
!"#$%&'()#*+,&**(-&.+*/&$
01
!"#$%%&$#'()*+*,-)'$.+$/'0*1)(-)*.2$+.($)3'$42567$8959#/:$;<2$=%=6>?6
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$()*+*,-.$/,0)1$2.,.)13$4)+5365$-1*$.75$(389:$;484#/
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#3(4(5$6789$38.(:!9
;<
!"#$%&'$()*+*,-.$/012*,0+3$-4*$5676#89$(:*);$<9$=>>%
!"#$%&'()*)!(+,-.(/&012#345$6789$38.(:!9
;<