EPW September 2017 by IPWEAQ

F E AT U RE AR T IC L E Sp ecial Featu re technical focus Wat e r A rt i c l e

Countdown to Gold Coast 2018

State Conference Preview

Transform your business with ADAC

Water at the heart of smart cities

A regional city’s efforts to deliver the best games ever.

A look at what to expect from Townsville, October 2017.

The strategic benefits from the release of ADAC version 5.0.

Cairns regional Council’s investment in smart water strategies. p.72

p.10

p.12

p.57

ENGINEERING FOR PUBLIC WORKS

ISSUE No.7

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Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

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CONTENTS ENGINEERING FOR PUBLIC WORKS | SEPTEMBER 2017

»»FEATURE ARTICLES

»» PREPARATIONS FOR THE GOLD COAST 2018 COMMONWEALTH GAMES.............................................................P10 »» IPWEAQ 2017 STATE CONFERENCE KEYNOTE SPEAKERS..............P12 »» THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INFLUENCE AND PERSUASION......................P16 »» CAIRNS’ SMART CITY INITIATIVES ................................................p20 »» MAREEBA AIRPORT UPGRADE.......................................................p28 »» GYMPIE’S EVOLUTION...................................................................p36 »» ROLES AND RESPONSIBILITIES OF LOCAL GOVERNMENT OFFICERS...............................................................p46 »» FROM TECHNICAL PROFESSIONAL TO LEADER...............................p49 »» CREATING JOB READY DESIGNERS.................................................p51

»»TECHNICAL FOCUS

»» CAN BIM BE CIVIL?........................................................................p58 »» ADAC’S SOLUTIONS TO TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS....................p58 »» PREDICTING THE FAILURE OF TIMBER BRIDGES.............................p85

»»IPWEAQ NEWS

»» PRESIDENT’S REPORT.....................................................................p6 »» MEMBER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT.......................................................p7 »» CEO’S REPORT..............................................................................p32 »» YIPWEAQ CHAIR’S REPORT............................................................p40 »» MEMBER PROFILE.........................................................................p42 »» IPWEAQ AMBASSADOR’S REPORT.................................................p45 »» WORKING GROUPS UPDATE...........................................................p54 »» KNOWLEDGE CENTRE UPDATE.......................................................p78 »» CQ PRESIDENT’S REPORT..............................................................p81 »» NQ PRESIDENT’S REPORT..............................................................p82 »» SWQ PRESIDENT’S REPORT...........................................................p83 »» SEQ PRESIDENT’S REPORT............................................................p84

»»QLDWATER NEWS:

»» CEO’S REPORT..............................................................................p68 »» OPERATOR OF THE YEAR AWARD WINNERS...................................p71 »» ADOPTING A SMART CITY APPROACH TO WATER INFRASTRUCTURE.....p73

EDITOR’S NOTE: The theme for the September issue of Engineering for Public Works (EPW) is ‘Shaping our future communities…smart cities, urban design, managing assets’. This issue includes a special feature about our upcoming state conference in Townsville with a report from one of our conference great debate participants, Alton Twine, about the City of Gold Coast’s progress towards its major event, GC2018. We also take a look at Cairns Regional Council’s smart city initiatives with an indepth explanation of their smart water meter solutions along with features from a number of other regional centres showcasing the innovative infrastructure projects transforming their communities. Our member profile features IPWEAQ’s incoming Vice President, Craig Murrell who reminds us once again of the importance of balance in our career and lives. You’ll love the images of his recent Kokoda trek! Getting the right balance of technical and leadership skills is also explored in our focus on professional development. There is a special feature about how ADAC can save you time and transform your business with the release of version 5.0 and details of new research aimed at finding ways to better predict the failure of timber bridges. Of course, there are all our regular reports including the last President’s report from Joe Bannan before he hands over the reigns as IPWEAQ President. I hope you enjoy this issue and I can’t wait to catch up with you in Townsville!

Carlie Sargent Editor

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

INFORMS. CONNECTS. REPRESENTS. LEADS.

Become a Member IPWEAQ is the peak body representing those working in the public works sector.

Join Now Membership of IPWEAQ is open to anyone actively engaged in the delivery of public works and services in Queensland including technical officers, draughtsmen and women, supervisors, fleet managers, project managers, councillors or consultants.

Benefits

Members enjoy a strong sense of community through our proactive branch network.

Our water directorate (qldwater) strengths the urban water industry to maintain and improve the safety, health, wellbeing and sustainability of Queensland communities.

Our quarterly e-journal is valued for its technical and industryrelevant content.

IPWEAQ members receive preferential rates for attendance at conferences, professional development, branch events, RPEQ assessments, publications, technical products.

Membership fees

(June 2017 to 30 June 2018)

$275 plus GST

IPWEAQ technical products are widelyadopted and are leading-edge.

IPWEAQ upholds professional standards as an RPEQ assessor.

IPWEAQ’s comprehensive professional development program is innovative and exceeds the needs of members and industry.

IPWEAQ influences government and industry.

IPWEAQ conferences are must-attend events.

An IPWEAQ excellence award is highly sought after.

under 35 members

$165 plus GST

Use your post nominals MIPWEAQ (Member) FIPWEAQ (Fellow)

Our Knowledge Centre is an essential resource for anyone involved in public works in Queensland.

Join IPWEAQ in September and receive a $200 discount on your registration to the state conference in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017.

Apply online at www.ipweaq.com/membership Enquiries Carlie Sargent Director | Member Services +61 7 3632 6801 carlie.sargent@ipweaq.com

   www.ipweaq.com

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

president’s Report Things have been busy since my last Presidents report with the activities of IPWEAQ, the busy progress of our respective local governments and the focus on improving asset management for us all. I recently had the opportunity to discuss good practice in Asset management with the Department of Infrastructure Local Government and Planning. When talking about good practice for asset management I still find myself talking about basic practice like the need for good data, good decision making, support from the top of our organisations, and a good staff culture. It feels like we’re covering the same initiatives over and over as this is no different to what I started with when I first started in asset management many years ago. So why don’t we get it right or perhaps more the point why do other people think we’re not getting it right? I guess it’s up to each of us to consider this with a dedicated focus and not just put the issue on the back burner to later determine what the issue is with our own portfolios. For many of us this task is difficult, possibly due to turnover of staff or conflicting workloads and the need to prioritise the most urgent thing first. This typically means getting as constructed information on time or collecting condition data or spending time on modelling

future needs is deferred. And if you do you have the time to do all this perhaps the actual concern is the way we tell the story and how well it understood by our leaders. On other issues, I recently had the pleasure of travelling to the Perth for the IPWEA biennial conference. I haven’t been to Perth before and I was quite taken by how attractive it is with its mix of new city towers and old smaller historic buildings. The conference was great with many great papers and presentations. Some papers were traditional project-type papers and some picked up on the changes in work environment and technology. So now in addition to focusing on asset management, we find ourselves concentrating on the ‘smart city’ concepts, public space security, autonomous vehicles, coordinating Works with others to get the best outcome and the needs of our young engineers coming through our organisations. These young engineers are our future leaders and after meeting some of them at the conference, I feel that our future is bright and in good hands. Now my attention turns to our October State conference which will be held in Townsville. If you haven’t got your attendance sorted out yet you should arrange this as it will be a great event with many learning opportunities and a time to catch up with your

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

professional network. Also in Townsville, we will be having our Annual General Meeting and this will see the changeover of the IPWEAQ board. It will be a pleasure to see Seren McKenzie become the first female president of IPWEAQ. Seren has been the Vice President of IPWEAQ for a period of four years as well as a Director of IPWEA for about 2 years. She has all the traits of great president. If you don’t know Seren yet, you will and I’m sure you will agree that she will lead IPWEAQ in great directions and will unlock many doors for us. I would also like to thank departing board members who have given so much of their spare time and passion to the Institute including Murray Erbs who I mentioned in my last report, Steve Hegedus and Dwayne Honor. This is my last president’s report to you all and I would like to thank you all for your continued membership and support of the Institute. It’s been a pleasure to be your president and I am more confident than ever that the network of engineering staff in local government in Queensland are the most professional and competent practitioners in Australia. My best wishes to you all. Joe Bannan President

thank you peter way!

MEMBER ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

The NAMS (National Asset Management Strategy) Council is a special committee of IPWEA with representatives from each division. The Council aims to provide national leadership and advocacy in the sustainable management of public works infrastructure, community assets and services. And given the recent reports from the Queensland Audit Office (QAO), the importance of asset management in the long-term sustainability of local councils is gaining the attention it deserves. Peter Way (Emeritus) has been the Chair of the NAMS Council for the past 12 years and has recently stepped down from the role. Peter leaves the Council in a dynamic position with a number of achievements during his time as Chair:  Updates of the International Infrastructure Management Manual - IIMM – 2011 and 2015  Australian Infrastructure Financial Management Manual AIFMM - 2009 and V2 in 2015  Introduced Post Graduate course in Infrastructure Asset Management at University of Tasmania – IPWEA and CPEE  NAMS.PLUS program for writing asset management plans – Over 300 Australian Council

subscribing and growing numbers in North America  Representing IPWEA as part of Standards Australia Mirror Committee on writing of ISO 55000 Asset Management System Standards  Convenor of ISO TC 251 Working group on aligning AM and financial management  Development of the following set of Practice Notes to assist practitioners in implementing AM

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PN 1 Footpaths & Cycleways v2 2014 PN 2 Kerb & Channel (Gutter) v2 2014 PN 3 Buildings v2 2016 PN 5 Stormwater Drainage v2 2015 PN 6 Long-Term Financial Planning 2012 PN 7 Water Supply & Sewerage v3 N 8 Levels of Service and P Community Engagement 2014 PN 9 Road Pavements (Visual Assessment) 2015 N 9.1 How to Assess Road P Pavement Condition 2016 PN 9.2 How to Integrate Pavement Assessments into

AM Planning 2016

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PN 10.1 Parks Management: Inventories, Condition and Performance Grading 2014 PN 10.2 Parks Renewal Planning, Valuation and Asset Management Plans 2016 PN 10.3 Parks Management: Levels of Service 2016 PN 11 Towards More Sustainable Street Lighting 2014 PN 12 Useful Life of Infrastructure 2017

 Development and presentation of Training Workshops on many of the above PNs  Professional Certificate in Asset Management Planning run online via Cahoot webinars with almost 700 participants  Introduced the NAMie Award for best AM Paper at the IPWEA International Conferences every two years  Conducted Study Tours to New Zealand in conjunction with their AM Conference every two years  Development of AM Maturity assessment tools against the IIMM and ISO 55001  Established the NAMS Australia Consultant Supporter network

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

 IPWEA Website with AM Community including AssetMates forum  Regular AM articles and news items in Inspire Magazine and InTouch eNews There are a number of new projects in the pipeline:  An AM 101 Manual  An International Infrastructure Financial Management Manual

 New Practice Notes

Prioritising Capital Works Programs  Natural Assets  Data Management

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With Peter’s departure, Murray Erbs FIPWEAQ, former SEQ Branch President and IPWEAQ board member has taken over the role of NAMS Chair. IPWEAQ’s representative on the NAMS Council is Stephen Hegedus.

The IPWEAQ Board is establishing a NAMS Queensland Advisory Group (NAMS-Q). The inaugural meeting of the NAMS-Q Advisory Group will be held at the IPWEAQ state conference in Townsville, 2426 October 2017. For more information or to get involved please complete the expression of interest form on our website at http://www.ipweaq. com/nams-q.

Membership Renewals 2017-18 IPWEAQ membership renewals were due on 30 June 2017. Members receive discounted rates on all IPWEAQ professional development courses, conferences and events and have access to IPWEAQ Knowledge Centre, an essential resource for public works practitioners in Queensland. The Knowledge Centre is accessible only to members and subscribers to our technical products and contains articles, presentations, podcasts, reports and case studies. Subscriptions can be paid online via the Membership Renewal tab in the IPWEAQ portal.

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MEMBERSHIP Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

A member is anyone actively engaged in the delivery of public works and services in Queensland

Queensland’s answer to engaging professional engineers

Eng Access is an online marketplace that connects RPEQ engineers and clients: from job posting through to payment. The first platform of its kind for registered engineers in Australia, Eng Access endeavours to improve job opportunities for professional engineers, and reduce the amount of time, money, and uncertainty invested by clients attempting to secure their services. Founders Dr Stuart McCarthy and Dr Matthew Robinson

have a combined 30+ years of professional engineering experience between them, and know only too well the difficulties involved in matching clients and projects to registered engineers.

integrity inspection, Eng Access allows clients to select engineers to suit their needs and budget, and engineers to select jobs that suit their competencies and availabilities.

Eng Access is free to join and enables connection between registered engineers and demand for their services, whether as a sole trader or on behalf of an engineering business. Whether it is to certify a pressure vessel design, or undertake a structural

By promoting a community of credible professionals, Stuart and Matthew are very optimistic about the impact Eng Access will have on the industry and the way in which professional engineering services are engaged.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

The GC2018 countdown is on! FEATURE ARTICLE Alton Twine, Director City Infrastructure, City of Gold Coast The Gold Coast 2018 Commonwealth Games (GC2018) will be the biggest sporting spectacular the Gold Coast has ever seen. As the first regional city in Australia to ever host a Commonwealth Games, the city is destined to benefit from growth and maturity. An additional 100,000 people, 6,600 athletes and 15,000 volunteers will visit the city and it will be watched by a TV audience of 1.5 billion. The Gold Coast will be ready to shine but not without major infrastructure works delivered by the City of Gold Coast (the City). The City has been working hard to prepare its infrastructure and ensure it is equipped to be one of the best host cities the world has ever seen. Works have been underway since the bid announcement to ensure the city’s $17.3 billion dollars’ worth of assets are games ready. Alton Twine is the Director of City Infrastructure, responsible for the City’s Transport and stormwater networks, beach management as well as Council’s construction and

maintenance activities. Alton has been closely involved with Games preparation activities since the announcement in November 2011 of the Gold Coast as host city for the Games. During this time, he has seen a considerable build-up of activity in preparation for this massive event. “We have really had to re-orientate our entire program around preparing for the Games” said Alton. “A lot of work has gone into venue and precinct preparation and it’s fair to say that the City has never looked better. A big effort is being made to overcome the challenges posed by a regional city’s transport system coping with

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

moving large numbers of people, but we have a great relationship with our key partners of Goldoc (the organising committee) and the State (particularly Transport and Main Roads).” The Gold Coast is a fast growing and multi-centred city with a complex traffic network. The City of Gold Coast is delivering more than $100 million (this in one financial year) worth of transport upgrades to accommodate capacity during GC2018 and future growth. This includes over $23 million worth of shared path upgrades for pedestrian and cyclists, creating links to key city areas and GC2018 venues.

Congestion will also be eased by their investment in specialised technology that will improve the coordination of the traffic network. As well as travel behaviour change programs that will see people plan their journey better by avoiding driving during peak times and choosing to cycle, walk or catch public transport. The Gold Coast’s light rail system has proven to significantly reduce congestion. The city has seen a 25% increase in public transport use since the light rail was introduced in 2014. The plan is to build this even further by opening the new Helensvale Station in time for GC2018. Major coastal projection works including the biggest offshore dredging program the city has ever seen will ensure its iconic

beaches are in the best possible condition. A 111-metre specialist dredge from Denmark is spending 16 weeks working along the coastline to increase the volume of sand on the beaches, improving their resilience to coastal erosion and storm damage. The Gold Coast is known to experience a summer storm every year; these storms can cause damage to its beaches. This project will prevent the chance of the beaches suffering from erosion at games time and ensure visitors can enjoy the true Gold Coast beach experience. Every City of Gold Coast staff member is involved in preparing for games in one way or another. In addition to major infrastructure upgrades the City is also delivering thousands of smaller projects.

Crews have been working on every aspect of the city. From resurfacing roads that will be used for the cycling race to fast-tracking our disability access upgrades to ensure public transport is accessible for everyone. The City of Gold Coast has made a major contribution to ensure GC2018 is the best games we have ever seen.

Alton Twine will be arguing for the negative team at this year’s Great Debate on the topic ‘smart cities are not that smart’. Don’t miss it! Register now to join us in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017. The 2018 IPWEAQ state conference will be held on the Gold Coast postCommonwealth Games on 10-12 October 2018. Mark your diaries now!

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Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

IPWEAQ STATE CONFERENCE Townsville Convention and Exhibition Centre 24 – 26 October 2017

Sustainability through Inspired Leadership and Community Engagement FULL CONFERENCE REGISTRATION

DAY REGISTRATION

• Member $1,500 (+GST)

• Member $900 (+GST)

• Non-member $1,800 (+GST)

• Non-member $1,200 (+GST)

GALA AWARDS DINNER • $150 (+GST) (included with full conference registration) Group Bookings – Register 4 delegates and receive the 5th free!

Contact amanda.mikeleit@ipweaq.com for more details www.ipweaq.com/townsville

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

IPWEAQ 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

2017 PROGRAM HIGHLIGHTS #IPWEAQ17

The comprehensive program for the IPWEAQ 2017 State Conference in Townsville will explore the theme ‘sustainability through inspired leadership and community engagement’ and feature nine keynote and plenary presentations, a panel session with the Queensland Audit Office, 30 sessions across 12 streams, technical tours, the IPWEAQ Futures Challenge Project and our second ever Great Debate ‘smart cities are not that smart’. The event will deliver up to 16 hours of CPD and also provide great opportunities for networking with a welcome function, Gala Awards Ceremony and Dinner and a closing ceremony. Here’s a glimpse at some of the keynote presentations: Dr Alan Duffy

‘Challenges of Big Data are out of this world’ Associate Professor Duffy is

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

an astrophysicist at Swinburne University creating baby universes on supercomputers to understand how galaxies like our Milky Way form and grow within vast halos of invisible dark matter. He is attempting to find this dark matter as part of SABRE, the world’s first dark matter detector in the Southern Hemisphere at the bottom of a gold mine in Stawell, Victoria. He is also an Associate Investigator in two ARC Centres of Excellence investigating the origin of matter (CAASTRO-3D) and seeing the Universe with gravitational waves (OzGrav).

communication and recently Commbank’s Australian of the Day. He is in high demand for his simple explanations of complex scientific theories and will present at the IPWEAQ 2017 State Conference on the topic of ‘Challenges of Big Data are out of this world’. Upcoming telescopes such as the Square Kilometre Array will create an internet’s worth of data each and every day. Yet astronomy is already facing the challenges of Big Data. In this session learn how open source design and massive new supercomputers are helping find the galaxies within the data deluge.

When not exploring simulated universes Alan lectures in physics as well as science communication at Swinburne University of Technology.

Find out more about what you can expect from Alan Duffy in this short video:

Every fortnight Alan tries to explain breaking science from UFO sightings to the latest NASA discoveries on his space segment with ABC Breakfast News TV, ABC Radio Sydney with Robbie Buck and ABC Radio Melbourne with Clare Bowditch. He is also a regular on Ten’s The Project, Nine’s Today Weekends as well as TripleJ’s Hack show.

Alan Patching

He was named one of Men’s Style Magazine’s Men of Influence, WA Sunday Time Magazine’s Best and Brightest as well as a finalist for the National Eureka Award for Promoting Understanding of Australian Science Research, Victorian State Finalist in the Fresh Science Award for science

http://bit.ly/2wWFKFy

‘The development of human behaviour - how you get it then it gets you’ Alan Patching is an Australian project and business leadership guru and will be the 2017 State Conference MC.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

24-26 October 2017

Alan founded, grew and sold a number of consultancy businesses before holding senior executive positions in major corporations across a range of industries. He is now Managing Director of Alan Patching and Associates Pty. Ltd. and professor of project management at Bond University on the Gold Coast. Perhaps his best-known business roles were as Chief Executive Officer of the entity which owned Sydney’s Olympic Stadium and as the stadium project director. He was also project director on the $280m redevelopment of Suncorp Stadium in Brisbane for the 2003 Rugby World Cup. His impressive track record in business and leadership, combined with an extensive understanding of the psychology of human behaviour, constitutes a rare business presenter. In this informative and entertaining session, Professor Alan patching will take you through the steps in the development of human behaviour and show how much of what we do is done subconsciously, for better AND for worse in terms of effect on others AND ourselves. Alan will show how the best of our behaviour contributes to others’ perception of our personalities and then, when we misapply or overdo the very strengths by which we become corporately identified, they become weaknesses in the

eyes of those affected, often to the detriment of our relationships and careers. He will relate this phenomena of human psychology to real life situations from his decades in senior management before entering the world of research and academia, and discuss how self and other awareness, two major pillars of modern Emotional Intelligence, can help us relate much better to the communities which we serve. Brent Tate

recurring nerve problem in his neck but he didn’t want to quit and looked on his footy career as an ongoing fight. Despite a series of severe injuries, he kept fighting back and ended up playing the last decade of his career in a neck brace. In 2013, he was named the winner of the Ron McAuliffe Medal awarded to each year’s State of Origin Queensland player of the series. In June 2014, a knee injury sustained during Origin II, his 23rd game playing for Queensland, finally ended Brent’s career after more than a decade of battling crippling injuries. During his career Brent played 229 NRL games, including 23 State of Origin appearances and 26 Test caps.

Brent Tate is a former professional rugby league footballer widely respected for his never-say-die attitude and a decorated and courageous career. An Australia national and Queensland State of Origin representative threequarter back, Brent began his career at Brisbane in 2001 and played in the National Rugby League for the Brisbane Broncos (with whom he won the 2006 NRL Premiership), the New Zealand Warriors and the North Queensland Cowboys. In 2004, Brent thought his career was going to be over due to a

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Brent Tate’s autobiography, Iron Will, was published in July 2015 and reveals the real story behind his leaving the Broncos, his honest ratings of the players he played with and against, and how he really felt the moment he knew his career was over. Join us in Townsville to hear his commitment and ability to overcome adversity and why he is regarded as one of the toughest players the NRL has ever seen.

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

Brigadier Chris Field

‘Six Ideas to Sustain Recovery’ Brigadier Chris Field has served four postings and almost a decade in Townsville and is currently an Australian Army Commander 3rd Brigade Lavarack Barracks. In late March 2017, Brigadier Chris Field led the planning and preparation of Joint Task Force 661 (JTF 661) to support the Queensland community following the impacts of Severe Tropical Cyclone Debbie (STC Debbie). The main effort of the 1200-person JTF 661 was Townsville’s 3rd Combat Engineer Regiment with support from the Royal Australian Navy (including HMAS Choules and HMAS Melville), Australian Army (including 5th Aviation Regiment, 6th Engineer Support Regiment, and 10th Force Support Battalion) and the Royal Australian Air Force (including C130 Hercules and King Air B350). Having conducted the initial planning for the 3rd Brigade response to STC Debbie, Brigadier Field was appointed as the Queensland State Recovery Coordinator by

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

the Premier of Queensland, the Honourable Annastacia Palaszczuk MP. During his time as the State Recovery Coordinator he led the planning and development of Operation Queensland Recovery, 2017-2019 supporting communities from the Whitsundays south to the Gold Coast and west to Beaudesert, Moranbah and Collinsville. Based on his experience in Queensland disaster recovery operations in 2011 and 2017, Brigadier Field has identified

six ideas to sustain recovery including: supporting vulnerable communities; enabling collective leadership; aligning boundaries; developing ‘Phase Zero’ relationships; enabling charities and volunteer capabilities; and, developing compatible communications networks.

Register now to hear from these and many more keynote, plenary and concurrent presenters at the 2017 IPWEAQ state conference.

Delegate Testimonial: Brisbane 2016 “Congratulations to you and your team on an excellent conference. The broad range of papers provided an interesting, challenging, and thought-provoking learning opportunity. I especially enjoyed the talk by Jessica ChristiansenFranks on involving the community in temporarily testing urban design proposals in the real world and Dwayne Honor’s paper on involving the community in disaster resilience decision making. Approaching engineering problems from a non-engineering perspective is something engineers need to think about more often. IPWEAQ has provided me with so many great opportunities and friendships through conferences such as this.” Ashleigh Tomkins Hear what delegates had to say about the 2016 conference and technical tours Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

THE PSYCHOLOGY OF INFLUENCE AND PERSUASION – LEADING SUPER TEAMS TO BUILD SUPERLATIVE COMMUNITIES

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

Persuasion and influence comes to play in selling ideas to senior management, in convincing professionals that a different and less expensive project approach is necessary, in settling unwarranted conflict between individuals and even between organisations and yes, most importantly, in leading groups of individuals to become unified and effective teams. Emotional Intelligence is NOT a new concept. The concept was around as far back as Thorndyke in 1929, albeit without the fancy name. There are a few who claim coming up with the title, but I’m inclined to give credit to Salovey and Mayer in 1990, well before Daniel Goleman wrote his bestselling 1996 book.

Professor Alan Patching Assoc. Dean (Faculty), Faculty of Society and Design, Bond University

Emotional Intelligence is founded on the four pillars of having:  Self-awareness  Self-regulation  Social awareness  Social skills

Daniel Goleman was correct – it is Intelligence Quotient that gets a person a job, but it is Emotional Quotient that determines how far one can go in the job once employed. In the organisational world, I doubt there can there be any more important and powerful component of the Emotional Intelligence competencies set than the power to influence and persuade?

So how does this integrate with the psychology of influence and persuasion. It dovetails actually, because the ability to understand one’s own emotions and regulate them quickly during the periods of high energy interactions with team members offering differing viewpoints (who might all be collectively arguing against you, at least on occasion) as well as to act in a way to get others to adjust their mood and emotions, is central to effective influence and persuasion.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

So how does one go about that? The starting point is to develop the ability to accurately determine your own emotions at any time and how they might be changing in response to particular circumstances. Next is to study how others demonstrate changes in emotion so that you can become aware of the effects, if any, of your attempts at persuasion on those you deal with. With this foundation you are equipped to progress and make a real difference. However, there are some evidence based skills for influence and persuasion, and Prof. Robert Cialdini of Arizona State university is probably one of the world’s leading researchers in the field. He states that there are six key components to effective persuasion and influence, and these are:  Reciprocity  Commitment and Consistency  Social proof  Authority  Liking  Scarcity There have been several other factors identified by people undertaking popular (as opposed to scientific) research, but we’ll stay with the above for most of this article. I’ll use something a little remote from what readers are likely to be doing on a dayto-day basis in order to explain these points, and then come back to apply some of the points to the

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

working world of readers. Reciprocity can be a counterintuitive factor. Most of us were probably trained in skills like negotiation by being told that you only give something away when you get something in return - and when what you get is of greater value to you than what you got. Cialdini turns that on its head, with his research showing that giving something away creates a feeling in the other person that they need to give you something in return. Pretty much all of internet marketing uses this principle. The free eBook, or free infographic… which provides valuable information, and the combination of the value of the eBook plus the fact you got it for free, creates an interest in going further with its supplier. Usually after the free give away (called a lead magnet in internet marketing terminology, by the way) there is an almost immediate offer to get something of far greater value for a very small price (called a trip-wire in internet marketing). Once the buyer has invested even a small sum of money, there is a greater chance they’ll invest more because the first expenditure is an indication that trust has been established. This is taking Cialdini’s principle beyond what he intended, but his principle of reciprocity works and it is used everywhere in business from the up-front promise of a free coffee after you buy ten (few people doubt they’ll get to the ten so the offer up-front still has value

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

to the buyer and so creates the reciprocity factor) to any number of similar applications of the principles. So how do we apply it in the team environment? We’ll come to that soon. (Did I just make you a free offer, and create curiosity to turbo-charge its power? Did this in any way influence you to continue reading?) Commitment and Consistency People like to deal with people whom they feel are solid. In his autobiography, the comedic actor, John Cleese tells of his time as a schoolteacher at the very school he attended himself. He decided to investigate what engaged students most sought in their teachers. He was surprised to find that students didn’t care so much whether a teacher was strict or fun-loving in dealing with the class, provided they were consistently one or the other, and not a person who often flip-flopped from one to the other. The students wanted to know what to expect – and consistency of approach gave them what they wanted. It goes without saying that if you are trying to persuade someone to be committed to a task, it’s important that you lead the way in showing your own level of commitment. Social Proof The internet marketing world once again is a leader in proving this aspect of Cialdini’s principles. If

you have ever read or watched what are called ‘long form sales pages’ for a product or service, you will see they are well punctuated with examples of social proof – testimonials from those who have used the product or service and have effectively becomes its advocates and unofficial brand ambassadors. Do we really believe it is coincidence that the advertising world uses well respected community figures (sportspersons being a prime choice in Australia – because they fit to culture) or consistently use (there’s that second principle again) an actor they have primed to be synonymous with their brand (the young women in the Ford and AAMI advertisements and the young gent in the Youi ads, to name just a couple). Ryan Deiss is founder and CEO of Digital Marketer, one of the best educators on internet marketing alive. He uses reciprocity by giving away free copies of his book, various swipe files loaded with valuable information on various aspects of internet marketing etc., and he uses social proof in a very simple and elegant manner. He simply says, ‘why not consider joining 48,000 other people involved in internet marketing’. And he shows the web based figures to let you know he is not lying. Cialdini conducted some research in hotels. Instead of the hotels using a little card asking people not to wash their towels etc. every

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

day, he changed it to a card asking if they would like to join the 67% (or whatever it was) of guests who chose to protect the environment and avoid every day linen changes. The response rate was increased by 23%. Social proof can really be VERY powerful. Authority There have been numerous studies, formal and informal, undertaken on this subject, with perhaps the best known being the Milgram experiments. You may recall that Stanley Milgram, of Yale University in the USA, tested the power of authority by having a white coated authority figure ask students to issue electric shock ‘punishment’ (by pushing one ov various buttons/switches that were believed to deliver shocks of between 15 and 450 volts to people who did not get the answers to questions correct. Of course, there was no shock involved but the students didn’t know that, and yet very few of them challenged the ‘authority figure’ in the white coat who was issuing the instructions. There are many aspects of authority that come into the persuasion and influence formula – profession, rank, uniform, reputation, area in which one lives etc. – all can be part of that mix. The point is, if you don’t have obvious authority you need to know that it is nonetheless important, and learn to use the authority you have been given by a person in authority to deliver

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

what you are seeking to deliver. If you are given responsibility without authority you are standing on shaky ground from the perspectives of both persuasion and project delivery. Liking There is so much that could be written abut this, stretching from a simple, ‘Surely this point is pretty obvious, we all prefer to do things more for people we like’, to a full dissertation on Heider’s Balancer Theory. I’ll take a simple approach here and says it all gets down to rapport, and the more you can build rapport with your team members and those you deal with, the greater will be your ability to influence and deliver the results you want for the benefit of the communities you serve. The world of Neuro Linguistic Programming (NLP) provides some interesting and helpful insights into rapport building. If you’d like a copy of my eBook on Business NLP which covers rapport in a dedicated chapter, be assured that I will provide a copy to all attending conference via the organisers. This eBook also covers using various proven language patters in the art and science of persuasion and influence. Scarcity I think most readers would be aware of how advertisers (particularly on those advertorial programmes) use scarcity to influence people to take action. ‘Only 500 left’, ‘until the end of this week only’, ‘only until stocks

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

run out’, ‘only while stocks last’. These statements are everywhere… because they do work. The business equivalent is the combination of authority and deadline – ‘the managing director needs this report by 3pm Friday’. In the project team environment, I think scarcity – of time, money, resources etc., is probably one of the most influential motivators of action that exists. Conclusion It’s now a matter for you to test using these principles in your project environments for the benefit of the communities you serve. Let’s presume you are conducting a community consultation project. You could employ these principles by:  Offering free tea and coffee to people attending community meetings  Stating the process that will be employed and firmly but fairly adhering to that process consistently  Showing evidence of where what is proposed has worked well in other areas – using statistics, or having someone with experience of what your community is about to go through speak about their experience of having gone through a similar experience elsewhere  Establishing the authority with which you have been endowed in respect of the project you are leading

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

24-26 October 2017

 Using every opportunity you have to build rapport with the people with whom you work and the communities you serve  Using deadlines effectively Good luck as you delve into the fascination world of the psychology of influence and persuasion.

Professor Alan Patching is the Assoc. Dean (Faculty) of the Faculty of Society and Design at Bond University on the Gold Coast. He was the owners’ project director for the development and pre-Olympic operations of the Sydney Olympic Stadium and has negotiated some of the largest property deals in Australia’s history. He holds multiple qualifications in both the area of construction project management and human behaviour, and is a registered psychotherapist in two countries. He is the author of six books and several eBooks and audiovideo programmes. Alan will be the Conference MC at the IPWEAQ 2017 State Conference in Townsville and will deliver a keynote presentation on ‘The Development of Human Behaviour’ on Day 3.

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Sponsorship and exhibition opportunities are available, please contact Amanda Mikeleit on 3632 6802 or Amanda.Mikeleit@ipweaq.com Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

THE GREAT DEBATE Smart Cities are not that Smart

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

of greater size, population, or importance than a town or village. So, blended together – a Smart City is either: 1. A large town that has a tendency to be a source of sharp, local pain 2. A n inhabited large place that is clean, tidy and well dressed!

managed service from Telstra that leverages the Telstra Air network. Going forward we will also use this network for some of Council’s ‘smart devices’.

You can hear more about why smart cities are not that smart on the final day of the state conference in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017. Register now! Bruce Gardiner General Manager Infrastructure Services, Cairns Regional Council The topic for the Great Debate at this year’s state conference is ‘smart cities are not that smart’. Bruce Gardiner, General Manager Infrastructure Services for Cairns Regional Council and IPWEAQ NQ Branch President is arguing for the affirmative team supporting the premise. Bruce says this will be a simple task and has provided EPW with a quick teaser outlining the affirmative team’s position: Definition of smart - to be a source of sharp, local and usually superficial pain. An alternative definition is – clean, tidy and well dressed. The simple definition of a City - a large town. Or for the more verbose -an inhabited place

Cairns Regional Council (CRC) actually has a number of Smart City projects either completed, underway or on the drawing board and Bruce has detailed these below: At CRC we consider that ‘smart’ is how we do things, rather than what we do. Our purpose defined in the Corporate Plan is “To Serve the Community” and where we are sure ‘Smart City’ initiatives and technologies are enabling that purpose, we are adopting them as part of the ‘Smart, Connected Cities’ agenda. Community Wi-Fi The commissioning of an expanded Community Wi-Fi service was completed in July 2017. The service provides over 135 Access Points. Coverage has been expanded beyond the CBD to tourist and residential recreational areas from Palm Cove in the north, to Gordonvale in southern most part of the region. This is a fully

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

‘Proposed Smart Bin

Internet Of Things – Proof of Concept Council has just approved a trial of a range of ‘smart city’ technologies as a Proof of Concept. This include smart poles enabled with CCTV, Wi-Fi and Smart Lighting in a new family recreational ‘nature play’ park at Centenary Lakes. As part of this project we will also implement in-ground smart parking sensors at one of the more congested CBD parking locations. Thirdly we will deploy a number of ‘smart bins’ in the CBD (solar-powered compactor bins for recycling). The data from all of these smart devices will be brought together onto the Urban Pulse Data Management platform. The implementation is expected to complete in late 2017, and the trial will run for 2 years.

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

MyCairns App A mobile app is under development and is expected to be available in few months. In the first phase this will provide functions such as ‘report a problem’, upcoming events, and details of nearby attractions. The App is envisaged to be used by residents and visitors alike. Council will also use it as a tool to engage with the community; including consulting residents on the features they would like to see in the app going forward. Paying rates, dog registrations, booking council facilities etc will be delivered, but we are also looking at Bluetooth ‘beacon’ technologies, and will be very open to suggestions from the user base on the features we should provide. Workforce Mobility Whilst the above initiatives are all focussed on a ‘connected community’ we are also aiming to create truly ‘enabled employees’ with the right tools in the hands of both the indoor and outdoor workforce.

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

Council has recently deployed around 350 tablets to the outdoor workforce. The initial applications deployed were simple and straightforward and often readily available from app stores. In June, we deployed a workforce ‘mobile CRM’ app that is being well utilised. We are currently deploying a tool to replace copious amounts of paper with online forms. Our ultimate goal is that work management (scheduling, task allocation, reporting and billing) is completed online and in the field. Smart Water Meters Council has completed a tender process for a Smart Water Meter (SWM) solution and contracts are being finalised. A trial will be conducted in Palm Cove, after a roll-out across the region is planned. The SWM project involves a full end-to-end solution including replacing all of Council’s existing ‘old technology’ mechanical

meters with ‘current technology’ ultrasonic meters. The meter rollout will be phased over 5 years, with Palm Cove being Phase 1 in 2017/18. In addition, the SWM project includes the installation of a bespoke communications network to a cloud based data portal, meter data management system and integration with Council’s billing system and customer portal. Expanded and Upgrade CCTV Network Council currently has over 200 CCTV cameras deployed. The analogue cameras in the fleet are being upgraded to digital cameras. This is pre-cursor to assessing and deploying latest generation analytics capabilities on these cameras to provide a more effective and efficient output monitoring capability. We also trialling the use of 4G cameras for rapid deployment, and ad-hoc/ temporary coverage, until we are certain that a particular coverage area merits the investment in a

In-ground Smart Parking Sensor

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

fibre network. Council has also purchased a mobile trailer-based camera that can be located across the regions as required to address hot-spots or attend events. Open Data Portal Council is developing an ‘Open Data’ strategy, as part of its “Data Management Strategy”, as more data is available to Council to provide knowledge and insights into our business operations the intention is to share that data publicly so further knowledge and insights can be developed for the benefit of the whole community. We envisage use of Council’s open data by researchers, entrepreneurs, industry groups etc. For more information on any of the above projects contact Bruce Gardiner in the first instance on b.gardiner@cairns.qld.gov.au. New Community Wi-Fi/CCTV Pole

Delegate Testimonial: Brisbane 2016 “I want to take a moment to thank you for making IPWEAQ’s annual state conference held at the Brisbane Convention & Exhibition Centre such a worthwhile experience. The project tour was erudite and I would like to thank Ross Guppy for this. The workshops were very helpful and you did a superb job selecting superior topics. The gala awards ceremony and dinner was excellent. South Burnett Regional Council received three excellence awards including the President’ s award and all Council staff were very happy that night. Finally, I would to like to congratulate all IPWEAQ Staff and President Joe Bannan for the success of the Conference.” Ramesh Mantana

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

The Great Debate: Smart cities are not that smart Join us for the second great debate at the final session of the conference. Moderator: Alan Patching Affirmative: Sandra Burke, Department of Transport and Main Roads Bruce Gardiner, Cairns Regional Council Ren Niemann, McCullough Robertson Negative: Ashlee Adams, Toowoomba Regional Council Andrew Ryan, Sunshine Coast Council Alton Twine, City of Gold Coast

Hear what delegates had to say about the 2016 conference and technical tours

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE

24-26 October 2017 24-26 October 2017

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

CONFERENCE PROGRAM

Tuesday 24 October 2017 Time 12:00pm – 1:00pm 1:00pm – 4:30pm 5:00pm – 7:00pm

Registrations for Tech Tour Tech Tours Exhibitor Bump In Welcome Function and Networking

Wednesday 25 October 2017 7:30am – 8:30am 8:30am – 8:45am 8:45am – 9:00am 9:00am – 10:00am 10:00am – 10:30am 10:30am – 11:15am 11:15am – 11:45am 11:45am – 12:05pm 12:05pm – 12:25pm 12:25pm – 1:15pm

Registration Desk Open Official Conference Opening Welcome to Country Conference Welcome -‐ Councillor Jenny Hill Mayor, Townsville City Council Keynote Address – Challenges of Big Data are Out of This World Dr Alan Duffy Astrophysicist; Research Fellow and Associate Professor DAY 2 – MORNING TEA Keynote Address – Six Ideas to Sustain Recovery Brigadier Chris Field Commander, 3rd Brigade Australian Army Councillor Graham Scott, Deputy Mayor Livingstone Shire Council Miles Vass Deputy Director-‐General, Department of Transport and Main Roads ADAC V5.0 DAY 2 – LUNCH STREAM 1 STREAM 2 STREAM 3 Transport Change Water

1:15pm – 1:45pm

Cairns Transport Revaluation Natasha Murray Cairns Regional Council

WDRC Works "Futurefit" Reorganisation Aaron Meehan, Western Downs Regional Council

1:45pm – 2:15pm

Southern Downs to B Double or not to B Double Mike Holeszko Southern Downs Regional Council

A Year on the Dark side Angela Fry GHD

Dawson Wilkie Introduction & Scott Moorhead; Townsville City Council Water & Sewage Innovative Solution to reduce Nitrogen and Phosphorous from Treated Sewage using High Rate Algal Ponds Shaun Johnston Burdekin Shire Council

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017

SUSTAINABILITY THROUGH INSPIRED LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT

24-26 October 2017

CONFERENCE PROGRAM 2:15pm – 2:45pm

Performance Based Standards in Australia under the National Heavy Vehicle Law (NHVL) Les Bruzsa NHVR

2:45pm – 3:15pm 3:15pm – 3:45pm

3:45pm – 4:15pm

4:15pm – 5:00pm 5:00pm – 6:00pm 6:00pm – 7:00pm 7:00pm – 11:00pm

STREAM 4 Structures

Boom went Development in the Gladstone Region Celisa Fulkner Gladstone Regional Council

Mareeba Wastewater Treatment Plant Upgrade Glenda Kirk Mareeba Shire Council

DAY 2 – AFTERNOON TEA Sponsored by Ecosure STREAM 5 Community Projects

STREAM 6 Water

Restoration on Timber Bridges David Goodman Cassowary Coast RC, and Dr Daniel Tingley Wood Research and Development Ltd Connecting Communities: Innovative Fibre Composite Solutions for Infrastructure Michael Kemp Wagners CFT Manufacturing

From Potter's Field: The Rise of the New Blackwater Aquatic Centre Carol Vertigan SEEC

Evolution of Engagement and Delivery in Infrastructure Renewal Daniel Muir Qld Urban Utilities

Underground Waste Vaccuum Collection System Andrew Ryan Sunshine Coast Council

Improving Council Flood Risk Management and Infrastructure Outcomes Alister Daly Water Technology Pty Ltd

IPWEAQ Futures Challenge Project Free Time Pre-‐dinner drinks – The Ville GALA AWARDS CEREMONY AND DINNER

Thursday 26 October 2017 7:30am – 8:30am 8:00am – 8:30am 8:30am – 9:15am 9:15pm – 10:15am 10:15am – 10:45am 10:45am – 11:15am 11:15am – 11:35pm 11:35pm – 12:05pm Engineering for

12:05pm – 1:00pm

Registration Desk Open QUDM Launch Keynote Address – The Development of Human Behaviour Alan Patching Bond University Keynote Address Brent Tate Former NRL Player and NQ Cowboys Legend DAY 3 – MORNING TEA Sponsored by Ecosure QAO Panel Session Take advantage of the Queensland Governments spatial information Department of Natural Resources and Mines Connecting Cape York through sustainable initiatives Sandra Burke Public Works | September 2017 Department of Transport and Main Roads DAY 3 – LUNCH

8:00am – 8:30am 8:30am – 9:15am

QUDM Launch Keynote Address – The Development of Human Behaviour 25 Alan Patching Bond University 9:15pm – 10:15am Keynote Address Brent Tate Former NRL Player and NQ Cowboys Legend 10:15am – 10:45am DAY 3 – MORNING TEA Sponsored by ESUSTAINABILITY cosure THROUGH INSPIRED 24-26 October 2017 LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY ENGAGEMENT 10:45am – 11:15am QAO Panel Session 11:15am – 11:35pm Take advantage of the Queensland Governments spatial information CONFERENCE PROGRAM Department of Natural Resources and Mines 11:35pm – 12:05pm Connecting Cape York through sustainable initiatives Sandra Burke Department of Transport and Main Roads 12:05pm – 1:00pm DAY 3 – LUNCH NAMS-‐Q Advisory Group Launch STREAM 7 STREAM 8 STREAM 9 Digital Engineering Best Practice Drainage Transforming your Business Driving regional Australian Rainfall & 1:00pm – 1:30pm

TOWNSVILLE STATE CONFERENCE 24-26 October 2017

with ADAC Ross Guppy IPWEAQ

1:30pm – 2:00pm

Can BIM be Civil? Dr Lee Gregory 12d Solutions

2:00pm – 2:30pm

Positioning Trends: Transforming for 3D Matt Higgins Department of Natural Resources and Mines

sustainability outcomes Runoff 2016 through road investment Ari Craven, Engeny Glenys Schuntner RDA Townsville and North-‐West Queensland Micro Grids to Lawful Point of Discharge – Community Funded Discharging the Myths Renewables Projects Tony Loveday, RMA Ren Niemann, Graham Engineers Cox and Stewart Ebbott McCullough Robertson The PE Act in action: Storm Culvert local government Maintenance engineering works Peter Marchant Dawson Wilkie ITS Pipetech Chairperson, BPEQ

2:30pm – 3:00pm 3:00pm – 3:30pm

3:30pm – 4:00pm

4:00pm – 4:45pm 4:45pm – 5:00pm

STREAM 10 Asset Management

Leading the Way in Asset Management Kylie Munn GHD

DAY 3 – AFTERNOON TEA AGM – Members Only STREAM 11 Future Planning International Study Tour 2016 Gleb Kolenbet Redland City Council

STREAM 12 Roads

Sustainable Approach to Maintenance on Low Trafficked Surfaced Roads Trevor Distan Colas Australia A Deep Dive into Asset The Code for Smart Effect of Removing the Management Cities Amerlioration Period on Brodie Young and Adam Beck Design and Construction of Raitt McLeod Smart Cities Council Lime Stabilised Subgrades Central Highlands RC Australia New Zealand in Local Government Scott Young Stabilised Pavements Aus E n gDi n e e r i–n Sgmart f o r Cities P u bal re i c nW r k sSmart | September 2017 The Great ebate ot othat

IPWEAQ President’s Address

2:00pm – 2:30pm 26

Positioning Trends: Transforming for 3D Matt Higgins Department of Natural Resources and Mines

2:30pm – 3:00pm

TOWNSVILLE STREAM 10 STATE CONFERENCE Asset Management

Leading the Way in Asset 3:00pm October – 3:30pm 2017 24-26 24-26 October 2017

CONFERENCE PROGRAM 3:30pm – 4:00pm

4:00pm – 4:45pm 4:45pm – 5:00pm 5:00pm – 7:00pm

Management Kylie Munn GHD

A Deep Dive into Asset Management Brodie Young and Raitt McLeod Central Highlands RC

The PE Act in action: local government engineering works Dawson Wilkie Chairperson, BPEQ

DAY 3 – AFTERNOON TEA AGM – Members Only STREAM 11 Future Planning

Storm Culvert Maintenance Peter Marchant ITS Pipetech

STREAM 12 Roads

International Study SUSTAINABILITY Tour Sustainable Approach INSPIRED to THROUGH 2016 Maintenance oENGAGEMENT n Low LEADERSHIP AND COMMUNITY Gleb Kolenbet Trafficked Surfaced Roads Redland City Council Trevor Distan Colas Australia The Code for Smart Effect of Removing the Cities Amerlioration Period on Adam Beck Design and Construction of Smart Cities Council Lime Stabilised Subgrades Australia New Zealand in Local Government Scott Young Stabilised Pavements Aus

The Great Debate – Smart Cities are not that Smart IPWEAQ President’s Address CLOSING CEREMONY – A Touch of Salt Sponsored by Fulton Hogan

Delegate Testimonial: Brisbane 2016 “Thank you very much for your work, time and effort in organising the Conference throughout the year and particularly this week. It is much appreciated and you can be proud of its delivery – a very well organised, beneficial and enjoyable Conference – in one word … “very successful”, actually that is 2 words!” Gerard Read

Delegate Testimonial: Brisbane 2016 “I would like to thank you and your team for all your efforts in presenting a conference which was successful and highly enjoyable. The content was in general exceptionally good and the functions were well attended and very friendly. I think this is a conference that people will speak of for quite some time. It exceeded my expectations, in that it provided great technical as well as management /interpersonal papers, while demonstrating the ‘family’ aspect that we all speak of. The caring and friendly nature, that I think separates us from many other associations that engineers are involved in, shone through brightly.” Craig Murrell

Hear what delegates had to say about the 2016 conference and technical tours Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

EXCELLENCE AWARDS GALA DINNER 2017 CELEBRATING EXCELLENCE IN PUBLIC WORKS The Excellence Awards recognise best practice and innovation in public works projects and the people that deliver them. Winners will be announced at the Excellence Awards Ceremony and Gala Dinner.

Wednesday 25 October 2017 The Ville Resort Townsville 6pm - Pre-Dinner Drinks

Gala dinner tickets are included in all full registrations to the state conference. Additional tickets are available to purchase for $150 plus GST. Book your tickets now! For more information contact Carlie Sargent on 3632 6801 or carlie. sargent@ipweaq.com www.ipweaq.com/awards

7pm - Awards Ceremony and Gala Dinner

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

MAREEBA AIRPORT UPGRADE PROJECT - SHAPING THE FUTURE OF MAREEBA

FEATURE ARTICLE

Glenda Kirk Contracts & Project Management Officer, Mareeba Shire Council Mareeba Shire Council is undertaking an $18 million upgrade to the Mareeba Airport through grants of $5 million from the Australian Government and $13 million from the Queensland Government. An upgraded Mareeba Airport will provide an alternative to Cairns Airport for activities such as pilot training, aircraft maintenance and general aviation, resulting in catalytic economic benefits for the both the Shire and Far North Queensland. Mareeba Airport is located approximately 22 nautical miles (10-15 minutes’ flying time) west of Cairns International Airport in the Mareeba Shire. Mareeba Airport’s origins date back to the Second World War when the entire Mareeba district had strategic military significance and played a major role in the success of the Battle of the Coral Sea campaign. The airport was constructed at this time and was used as a refuelling and re-armament base for Australian and American bombers. The current runway was one of two

originally constructed, over what was then a vast military complex. The airport is now integral to the Queensland economy in terms of aircraft movements, flight training, tourism, industrial precinct facilities, expansion capacity and general aviation in the Far North Queensland Region. The Mareeba Airport is in close proximity to Cairns, has a very large training area, excellent weather conditions, uncontrolled airspace and a relatively low population base making it ideal for expansion. REGIONAL ECONOMIC SIGNIFICANCE OF THE PROJECT

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Economic modelling estimates the Mareeba Airport Upgrade project will have a direct economic benefit of $83 million and create over 200 new jobs in the first year of operation. Over a 10-year period, it could provide employment for over 600 full-time equivalent (FTE) employees in direct and flow on jobs. At the local regional level, a successful upgrade will provide sustained economic growth. The Mareeba Airport Upgrade is a once in a generation opportunity to permanently lift the socioeconomic profile of Mareeba and at the same time provide much needed infrastructure in Northern Australia.

The township of Mareeba is rated as a very low socio-economic area. The economic capacity of Shire residents is well below the average for Queensland in terms of household income and other socio-economic measures. Around a quarter of Shire households are estimated to be living below the poverty line using internationally recognized criteria and residents live in areas considered amongst the 10% most disadvantaged in Australia. Reports into persistent communal disadvantage in Australia identify the Tablelands/Mareeba region as highly disadvantaged with

concerning high levels of youth disengagement, long term unemployment, and prison admissions. The Shire has a low proportion of people aged 20-34 years, who are likely to have left the region for improved opportunities elsewhere. This exodus of young skilled workers and a remaining low income older population results in a reduced economic capacity for the whole community.

Airport Upgrade Project is an opportunity to change this outlook through building infrastructure that drives business investment from the global aviation industry. Through providing training and real employment opportunities for young residents, the community is able to retain skilled workers and in doing so will permanently lift the socioeconomic profile of the whole region.

Evidence shows that locational disadvantage is typically entrenched. Without intervention, Mareebaâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s residents will continue to experience hardship for many generations to come. The Mareeba

DEMAND Mareeba Airport is currently home to three flight training operators, several aircraft maintenance businesses and number of recreational aviators. Mareeba

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Airport has seen a significant growth in tenancy and usage in recent years. Currently, Mareeba Airport supports over 1,000 aircraft movements per month, which is a 66% increase since funding for the Mareeba Airport Upgrade project was announced in 2015. Training now accounts for approximately 50% of all landings. There are strong prospects for further growth in demand locally, with many existing users of Mareeba Airport proposing to expand their operations over the next decade, particularly with regard to flight training movements. Globally, the aviation and aerospace industry is set for significant growth over the

short, medium and long term. Projections from major companies including Boeing and Airbus are forecasting significant increases. Boeing expects Australia, New Zealand and the nations of the South Pacific to require an additional 30,000 pilots and aviation professionals over the next twenty years to meet the growing demand for air travel. Overall, the Asia Pacific region is expected to need about 253,000 new airline pilots and 256,000 new technicians over the next two decades, with China requiring the bulk of those jobs. Meeting this demand will require innovative solutions to inspire the next generation of pilots, technicians and cabin crew.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Mareeba Airport is perfectly positioned to provide the core infrastructure to establish and expand flight training operations and help meet demand from the aviation industry. Mareeba Airportâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s unique location in close proximity to a major international airport, in an area outside controlled airspace, with a safe flying area and local infrastructure provides a real opportunity to support growth of the global aviation industry in Northern Australia. Mareeba boasts 300 sunny days a year and with a sub-tropical climate, makes for ideal conditions for flight training, aircraft maintenance and other aviation-related activities.

removal of underground cobbles and boulders and reinstatement of the site. This work was undertaken as early works to minimise risk and reduce costly delays during construction of the roads, drainage and services within the aviation commercial precinct. Mareeba Shire Council is presently evaluating tenders for the construction of the airside infrastructure with construction on the aviation commercial precinct expected to commence in late 2017. Construction of the taxiways and upgrade of the runway is expected to commence in early to mid-2018 and the project is scheduled for completion by August 2018.

Sustained growth in the aviation industry will result in further opportunities for the Mareeba Airport to provide a facility for:  Agricultural aviation such as crop-spraying, aerial mustering and agri-business support  Aircraft support industries  Fly-in, Fly-out operations for mining and agriculture to regional Queensland, Northern Territory and Papua New Guinea  Emergency landings and disaster assistance  Parking and storage of private aircraft The Mareeba Airport Upgrade project will provide a solid foundation to allow Mareeba Airport to be further upgraded to cater for other industries into the future, including tourism and freight.

PROJECT DELIVERY The project deliverables include:  50-lot aviation commercial precinct connected to water, sewerage, power and telecommunications;  Upgrade to the existing runway, aprons and taxiways;  Additional taxiways and extension to aprons;  Upgrade to surrounding roads, drainage, lighting, and airport fencing. Mareeba Shire Council has delivered the majority of the early works packages for the project, including upgrade of surrounding roads and water infrastructure. Preparatory works for the aviation commercial precinct have been completed, which includes completion of ground clearing,

Register now for IPWEAQ Courses: • Bridge Inspections Levels 1 & 2 Brisbane, 10-12 October • Managing Risks on Lower Order Roads Townsville, 25 September and Cairns, 26 September • Erosion & Sediment Control Level 2 Brisbane, 18 October • Erosion & Sediment Control Level 3 Brisbane, 15-16 November Find out more or register via the shopping cart in IPWEAQ’s online portal.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

CEO’s Report There’s a lot of talk globally about diversity targets to balance gender imbalances particularly in certain maledominated sectors. I personally don’t know any women who would want to be offered a job just to meet a diversity target – we would want any appointment to be based solely on merit. I also believe diversity happens organically when the culture of the organisation supports it and to this end, I prefer to focus on inclusivity rather than diversity as the former will inevitably bring about the latter. A number of studies establish that diversity doesn’t generate inclusion and on the contrary, often creates a diversity backlash. As we all know from our marriages – which was emphasised at last year’s Great Debate, ‘women make better engineers than men’ – women and men think differently. As a result, there are benefits to organisations and society to have both involved in decisionmaking for holistic outcomes, or as Craig Moss would say, ‘robust outcomes’. The dichotomy of right brain (women) versus left brain (men) isn’t correct. Men and women use both sides of the brain albeit in a different way. The male brain has more connections within each hemisphere optimised for motor skills while the female brain is more connected between hemispheres optimised for analytical and intuitive thinking.

We make a formidable team when we work together except when maps are involved or IKEA flat packs. The Great Debate launched at last year’s conference was highly entertaining thanks to our enthusiastic and passionate teams. There were some interesting arguments as to why fewer women are in senior engineering positions. One suggestion was that women are inherently attracted to roles that improve society while men just want to build things (a sweeping generalisation but nevertheless there is some merit to it). The higher the social conscience of the organisation, the higher the ratio of women for example our sector has 12% female engineers while Engineers Without Borders has 34% with 66% of those in leadership positions being females (courtesy of Gavin Blakey for the affirmative team). If you weren’t present at the state conference last year, you can enjoy the podcast of The Great Debate (won by the affirmative team – women do make better engineers than men) in our Knowledge Centre (be sure to register firstly to access the Centre). We’ve recently concluded our biennial election for the IPWEAQ Board and nominations for our four branch committees. Aside from welcoming our first female president – Seren McKenzie in October, we will have 38%

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representation of women on the board ie three female board members of eight compared to one in previous years. 23 nominations were received for 12 positions on branch committees including nominations from 10 women and six Young members (under age 35). And because we are an inclusive organisation, we accepted all 23 nominations and amended the rule that prescribes the size of branch committees to accommodate everyone. If you would like to get involved with IPWEAQ in any capacity, please do not hesitate to contact me. On behalf of the team of people you have working for you in the Brisbane office, I would like to invite you to join us in Townsville for the 2017 state conference. If you were at the Brisbane conference last year, we can promise you another great experience and of course, 16 valuable CPD hours. See you then! Leigh Cunningham Chief Executive Officer

IPWEAQ Futures Challenge Final year engineering students will present their thesis or research projects at the final session on Day 2 of the 2017 IPWEAQ state conference. Delegates will vote on the best presentation using the conference APP.

mee t the team CARLIE SARGENT Director, Member Services Carlie.Sargent@ipweaq.com

Carlie manages the IPWEAQ Excellence Awards, Member Services and the RPEQ Assessment Scheme. Carlie has held a number of roles in professional associations, most recently with CPA Australia as the Queensland Director and Corporate Social Responsibility Manager and was previously the Manager of the Institute of Management Consultants.

ROSS GUPPY Director, Technical Products Ross.Guppy@ipweaq.com

Ross has over 30 years’ experience in the road and transport infrastructure sector, including 28 years with the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads (TMR). During Ross’s time with TMR, he held various specialised engineering and senior executive roles, and was accountable for managing the Technical Documents Program.

CRAIG MOSS Director, Professional and Career Development Craig.Moss@ipweaq.com

Craig has worked in the civil infrastructure industry since 1985, including senior roles in the government and private sectors. He combines 19 years’ practice as a technical professional with 12 years’ experience as a learning and development specialist to assist in the enhancement of practical knowledge and skills that benefit the individual and the employer.

AMANDA MIKELEIT Events Manager Amanda.Mikeleit@ipweaq.com

Amanda has managed corporate events in the professional services and insurance sectors for more than eight years. Amanda is responsible for the delivery of all IPWEAQ branch and state conferences and events and exhibition and sponsorship opportunities.

JEANETTE SAEZ Director, Finance and Administration Jeanette.Saez@ipweaq.com

Jeannette has over 26 years bookkeeping/ finance experience in both the private & government sectors. In 2000 she launched her own finance and administration consultancy which services a range of clients including IPWEAQ, Marling Group and Muir Marine Qld to name a few.

MARK LAMONT Information Resource Manager Mark.Lamont@ipweaq.com

Mark Lamont has worked as a researcher/ tutor in academia for the past decade. While completing his own doctoral thesis, he worked as a tutor/lecturer in the school of humanities at Griffith University and the University of Southern Queensland and is currently undertaking a Masters qualification in Information Science at Queensland University of Technology.

JOHANNA VANLING ADMINISTRATION OFFICER Johanna.Vanling@ipweaq.com

Johanna has a several years’ experience in administration roles both within the real estate and education sectors. Johanna oversees the operations of the IPWEAQ office and provides administrative support in the delivery of professional development, events, conferences, accounts and membership engagement.

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Welcome to New Members

• Katherine Brand • David Bremert • Suzanne Brown • Alister Daly • Pascal Diem • Jacob Franklin

• Alicia Heritage • Steve Hughes • Shane Hull • James Li • Gary Marshall • Cameron Meizer

• Frances Nelligan • Fei Ngoo • Chris Porter • Lachlan Rankine • Angela Ransom • Blaise Shann

• Will Somerville • Pippa Sullivan • Dinesh Thapa • Jeremy Wagner • Justine Yeong • Matthew Yin

Membership is open to anyone actively engaged in the delivery of public works and services in Queensland. Join now www.ipweaq.com/membership

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Partner Benefits STATE CONFERENCE

One booth and priority allocation of location including two full registrations (value $4,000) Chair a session in a stream (value $1,000)

BRANCH CONFERENCES/EVENTS

Opportunity to exhibit at up to four regional events (either IPWEAQ branch conferences, professional development courses or workshops) including two full registrations per event (value $4,000)

plus

Y our logo on the IPWEAQ website, linked to your website. C ontribute a half-page advertorial for one of our quarterly issues of Engineering for Public Works. Y our logo displayed in each quarterly issue of IPWEAQ’s e-journal.  1 0% discount on all sponsorship opportunities at state and branch conferences. U se of our IPWEAQ Partner logo for your website, marketing collateral etc. Y our logo on our conference registration online site and our conference App linked to your website.

D iscounted rates to purchase IPWEAQ technical products including Standard Drawings, Complete Streets, QUDM etc. Y our employees will receive a 10% discount on their IPWEAQ membership. If they don’t wish to become a member, they are still eligible to attend all our events and courses at member rates. W e invite you to share your digital content on all IPWEAQ social media platforms including LinkedIn, Facebook and Twitter.

D ouble booth and priority allocation at our state conference G uaranteed trade display at all branch conferences C hair a stream at the state conference OR a plenary session O ne quarter page advertisement in each issue of our e-journal, Engineering for Public Works O ne table for 10 people at our excellence awards gala ceremony and dinner (25 October 2017)

*Due to the size of some regional venues, it may not be possible to accommodate a trade display for all Partners at each event. If we are unable to provide a trade display for you at a branch conference, we will ensure you have a presence at the conference eg as sponsor of a paper or session. Priority will be given to Principal Partners then Partners before non-Partner exhibitors.

Partner | $7,500 (plus GST)

Upgrade to Principal Partner for greater exposure...

Y our logo in a primary position on all marketing collateral and featured more prominently than other Partners

Principal Partner $12,500 (plus GST)

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TRANSFORMING THE GYMPIE REGION

FEATURE ARTICLE

Councillor Mick Curran, Gympie Regional Council Mayor The Gympie region is evolving... from its roots in gold-mining to a rapidly growing and diverse region. Over the next 20 years, our area is projected to be home to more than 60,000 residents. This forecasted growth means that we need to ensure that we have adequate and strategic infrastructure in place that meets the future needs of our community.

ARC indoor pool.

During the past 12 months, we have implemented key projects that not only contribute to the region’s architectural landscape, but we are helping to shape and mould our city and townships into a network of connected and liveable places and spaces.

destination for tourism and major events in Queensland, and this will stimulate growth and give residents and businesses the confidence to invest in our community.

This perfectly aligns with our vision that the Gympie region is the natural choice to live, work and play.

One of our key strategic themes is to nurture an economy that is dynamic, productive and resilient.

Aquatic Recreation Centre (ARC) Unquestionably the biggest infrastructure project over the past year was the award-winning Gympie Aquatic Recreation Centre.

We are committed to establishing Gympie as a major service centre of the Wide Bay Burnett region, which will provide opportunities for current and future generations.

After 17 months of construction, the state-of-the-art facility was officially opened on 1 April with more than 2,000 people in attendance.

Our evolutionary process is exciting - we want to continue to transform our region into a sustainable and progressive

The modern, multi-purpose facility now plays an important role in our community by supporting health and social wellbeing.

We want people to see what we do – a beautiful and well-positioned region that offers an enviable lifestyle. We are promoting Gympie as a key

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regional centre which values its heritage assets, but also embraces a modern future.

existing character amenity of the town centre. We delivered cost-effective streetscape improvements with the introduction of new street furniture, pedestrian crossing points, significant street tree planting and landscaping, streetscape lighting, public art, and widened pedestrian pavement areas.

ARC Multi-purpose room.

The centre, includes: a 50m outdoor regional competition pool which is capable of hosting regional events, a 25m heated indoor program pool to support all-year round activities, a zero depth leisure pool/splash pad/ activity zone, dual water slides, seating for up to 600 spectators, a 52 bay car park, kiosk/café, a multi-purpose room, office space, and disability compliant spaces and amenities. Council secured $5 million from the Commonwealth Department of Infrastructure and Regional Development through the National Stronger Regions Fund for the $22.2 million project. It was a critical step in the provision of much needed community services to our rapidly growing regional population. The design of the Gympie Aquatic and Recreation Centre incorporated energy efficient technology. The entire facility is fitted with LED light fittings including the flood lights and photovoltaic solar panels were used to offset electricity usage.

These panels generate about 20% of the total electricity demands which equates to a $40,000 saving each year. There are also energy efficient pumps and heating. Direct and indirect employment opportunities were created during and after the construction phase with more than 20 jobs allocated during construction, and now the Centre employs eight full-time staff. Most recently, the state-of-theart facility was labelled as “one of the best pool complexes in Queensland”. In August, the Gympie Aquatic Recreation Centre was awarded a Queensland Master Builders Sunshine Coast Construction Award for Tourism and Leisure Facilities over $10 million. Smithfield Street Revitalisation In July this year, one of the Gympie Town Centre’s high-profile areas – Smithfield Street was transformed into a unique CBD precinct. The $2.6 million project was jointly funded by the State Government’s Building Our Region’s Program and sought to improve on the

As part of Council’s broader Gympie Town Centre Urban Design Project Program, a number of objectives were realised throughout the project. These included: enhancing pedestrian amenity; creating nodes of activity; supporting pedestrian movement; enhancing positive design features and providing for well-designed parking. With a strong link to the region’s heritage, the public art and materials were inspired by Gympie’s initial settlement and growth as township and its ongoing agricultural and farming prosperity. The streetscape design theme was based on the gold discovery by James Nash in 1867. This successful project has highlighted the number of economic and social opportunities available within the town centre. We officially opened the street last month and it was attended by thousands of locals who came out to show their support for the completed project. Mary Street Revitalisation Under the same banner of the Gympie Town Centre Urban Design Project Program, further works are programmed for the main street in the Gympie CBD. Major streetscape improvements will be undertaken in Mary Street

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Smithfield Street.

including underground power to establish the framework for street tree planting to extend the green leafy character of the existing streetscape. The design will include: new street furniture, pedestrian crossing points, street tree planting and landscaping, streetscape lighting, public art, widened pedestrian pavement areas to encourage alfresco dining at key locations and improved accessible parking. Our Towns – Sustainable Centre Program We are continuing to work closely with our rural and coastal townships to enhance their existing community infrastructure and economic sustainability through the Our Towns – Sustainable Centre Program. The township of Cooloola Cove recently received upgraded pedestrian links, landscaping, and

seating in its high profile areas. These works have improved the inter-connectedness of these public spaces and enhanced the visual amenity for locals and visitors to enjoy. It has also contributed to a creating a unique identity for the township. Future works will be carried out in Goomeri and Tin Can Bay later in the year. Innovation Hub Growing businesses is a key priority for Council and recently we sought feedback to develop a business case for a proposed Innovation Hub. We have more than 4,000 existing businesses in our region that could benefit from the support that an Innovation Hub could provide – as well as those looking at start-up businesses.

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The facility will create an environment which connects the business community together and encourages more collaboration and information-sharing. And now with technology opening the doors to a global economy, the potential and possibilities for entrepreneurs and business owners are limitless. The proposed Innovation Hub is the latest in a line of initiatives that we have rolled out under the Start-up Gympie Region Program, which provides support to local businesses. Council has engaged Colin Graham of Causeway Innovation to support the development of this project due to his experience with similar successful projects such as the Innovation Centre at the Sunshine Coast University.

Public Works Technical Subscription (SUBSCRIBERS ARE RECOGNISED AS ‘SUPPORTERS’ OF IPWEAQ)

INFORMS. CONNECTS. REPRESENTS. LEADS.  F ull access to Standard Drawings which can be shared with constituents (value $800 per individual user) Y our employees will receive a 10% discount on their annual IPWEAQ membership subscription (value $30 per employee) C omplimentary subscription to Complete Streets: Guidelines for Urban Street Design (value $400)

O ne Council delegate to attend the state conference (value $1500-$1800) plus one branch conference (value $200-$250) each year D iscounted rates to purchase IPWEAQ technical products including ADAC, LORDG and QUDM (up to 15% discount)  F ree job advertisements in ‘Connect’ our fortnightly e-news service

Y our logo on the IPWEAQ website linked to your website Y our logo in every issue of our quarterly e-journal ‘Engineering for Public Works’ and the opportunity to publish articles O pportunity to include notices in ‘Connect’ our fortnightly e-news service

$4,000 (plus GST)

 Phone 07 3632 6801  carlie.sargent@ipweaq.com www.ipweaq.com

IPWEAQ Public Works Technical Subscription

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You ng I P W E AQ Cha i r R e p or t I am writing this report as we fly over this amazing and intriguing land of ours after attending the IPWEA International Public Works conference and Young IPWEA annual strategic meeting in Perth. Like the land passing below, the conference and meeting confirmed for me that the road ahead for young engineering professionals (and quite frankly everyone) across Australasia is ever changing, challenging and crucial. Autonomous vehicles are coming upon us very quickly and are predicted to change our lives substantially by 2035. Up to 60% of our engineering professionals are set for retirement in the next 5-10 years which provide challenges for public works. The way we communicate and the extent to which we’ve been able to embrace diversity within our sector will be crucial to our success. We need to share our successes and our mistakes for the sector as a whole to learn and grow and to adapt as we step into the future. These are just a few learnings from the conference. At IPWEAQ, we are collating responses to a recent survey of our ‘young’ members ie those under age 35. If you have not as yet responded to the survey, please take a moment to do so as this will help us develop programs and services. To those of you who have responded, thank you for your contribution. As an organisation, responding to this information

helps us to stay relevant and engaged as a profession that nurtures our younger members. Survey results, recommendations and actions will be published in the December issue of Engineering for Public Works. We are on the right track as we have seen a dramatic increase in the number of younger members nominating for positions on our four branch committees. I am pleased to welcome on the YIPWEAQ committee, the following incoming branch committee members:  NQ Branch: Amelia Marshall (Townsville City Council), Hari Boppudi (Flinders Shire Council)  CQ Branch: Ashleigh Tomkins (Gladstone Regional Council)  SEQ Branch: Jessica Kahl (Aurecon), Sophia Andary (Ipswich City Council)  SWQ Branch: Ashlee Adams (Toowoomba Regional Council) With such eagerness amongst our younger members, we hope to gain momentum with our Young IPWEAQ program particularly as we gain a better of understanding

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of their needs. It is important to have these members actively involved and engaged with our senior members to ensure a seamless transition of experience and knowledge. With this in mind, we are offering councils a special offer for this year’s state conference to be held in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017 – for each standard conference registration (member or nonmember), you can register a delegate under the age of 35 at half the price of the standard registration fee. If you know of a final year university student, please encourage them to participate in the Futures Challenge. Final year students studying engineering and related disciplines will be invited to present their thesis or research project on poster boards at the conference trade exhibition. Delegates will offer advice and feedback to students with the top three projects chosen by a panel of judges to deliver a 10-minute presentation in the auditorium in a plenary session. Delegates will vote on the best presentation using the conference APP. I look forward to seeing you all in Townsville in October for what is shaping up to be another great event. Please feel free to share your ideas with me on how we can best nurture our younger public works professionals. Celisa Faulkner YIPWEAQ Chair

INFORMS. CONNECTS. REPRESENTS. LEADS.

Young IPWEAQ program 1. University outreach program

Final year civil engineering students with a keen interest in public works will be chosen by their participating university to receive a complimentary registration to the IPWEAQ state conference (valued at $1,980). Following the conference, students will submit a report of up to 1,000 words on the conference, the program and streams, their learnings, interactions and their overall experience being a part of our community. These papers will be published in the December issue of Engineering for Public Works. Participating universities include JCU, CQU, UQ, USQ, QUT.

2. Young Engineer of the Year award

Announced each year at our excellence awards.

3. Career Development Please contact Craig Moss, IPWEAQ Director Professional & Career Development to discuss your career in public works. Craig will devise a program for you including a professional development path, mentoring and steps to progress to RPEQ and maintenance of your registration.

5. Networking

IPWEAQ offers multiple opportunities each year for members to network with peers including branch conferences and Technical Forums and the state conference which features innovative networking forums.

6. Scholarships 4. Futures Challenge Final year students studying engineering and related disciplines are invited to present their thesis or research project on poster boards at the IPWEAQ state conference trade exhibition. Delegates will offer advice and feedback to students with the top three projects chosen by a panel of judges. The finalists will deliver a 10-minute presentation in the auditorium in a plenary session. Delegates will vote on the best presentation using the conference APP.

Various scholarships are available each year including branch scholarships and international study tours for members to travel abroad to review innovative solutions to public works issues and their applicability to local conditions. Please refer to our Scholarships and Awards program.

Members under age 35 receive a 40% discount on their membership (valued at $110) and a 20% discount on their registration for the state conference (valued at $300).

  

www.ipweaq.com

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MEMBER PROFILE CRAIG MURRELL

MEMBER PROFILE

Craig Murrell is the Director and engineer of M1 Consulting, providing project management, design, planning and asset management advice to Councils across Queensland. Prior to this, he was employed by Councils in Central Queensland, Southern and Central New South Wales, performing a wide variety of Local Government functions, not all directly associated with engineering. Craig has managed the design, constructions, commissioning and operation of new Treatment plant projects as well as bulk earthworks, stormwater and road construction on major highway. Craig spoke to EPW about his public works engineering career and shared his tips for success and the value of his IPWEAQ involvement: The Early Years Craig was born in the Riverina region of New South Wales and attended High School at Albury, prior to attending Ballarat University to study Civil Engineering. His work experience while studying included a mixed bag of civil engineering design and operations (bitumen sealing), and mining operations. His first placement was short lived, a rethink of the field component of the placement was necessary

due to a sheep causing significant damage to the only office utility. Craig notes that he should have known then that a local government career would never be standard or straightforward! He graduated in 1994 without any strong desire or expectation to reach a certain point in his career. This was the middle of the last recession (“the one we had to have”), and jobs were very difficult to obtain, so Craig was happy ‘just to get a job’. In an era before the internet and emails, this meant lots and lots of hardcopy submissions,

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and even more ‘cold call’ letters of interest being posted. Engineering Career His first paid engineering employment was at Forbes Shire Council, as Roads and Rural Engineer’. This saw him responsible for federal, state, regional and local roads, drainage and bridges, implementation and development of an Asset Management system, as well as a maintenance management system for the area’s roads. Additional functions included the management and operations of

gravel pits and quarry, rural tips (as they were called then) and private works functions. This role was followed by a ‘foray’ into the world of water. He says ‘foray’, as it is an industry he has never been able to ‘get away’ from. After 6 years in the water and waste industry (water, solid waste, wastewater, with a touch of cemeteries, swimming pools, parks and gardens thrown in, Craig made the move to sunny Queensland, to commence another water industry role as a Manager. This was landed at a time of significant drought for the region, so a lot of management of community expectations and stakeholder engagement became the norm for a while. The drought finally ‘broke’ with the advent of Cyclone Beni. Yet another huge learning curve for Craig, who had never been even close to a cyclone before. In this role, he was fortunate to be provided with support and ‘enough rope’ to implement leak detection programs, trade waste regulation, development of a

commercial CCTV investigation program and in-house inflow/ infiltration studies.

point where he knew that if he didn’t tr it then, he would always wonder “what if?”

Following Local Government amalgamations in 2008 Craig had a number of ‘office centric’ roles, including ‘Special Projects’, Infrastructure Planning’ and ‘Technical Services’, prior to becoming a consultant.

IPWEAQ Involvement Craig has been a member of the IPWEA organisation since 1994, having started with the Institute of Municipal Engineers in NSW and then in 2004/05, he became more involved as the Chair of the 2005 IPWEAQ State Conference in Gladstone.

In 2014, Craig decided to pursue a new challenge and left the permanent employment of Local Government to become a consultant. He had reached the

He joined the Central Queensland Branch committee in 2013 and became Branch President in 2015.

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This has included a role on the board of IPWEAQ and he is now moving into fulfilling the role of Vice President from October 2017. Life Lessons Craig believes that in order to be ‘fit for work’ you need to be able to balance all aspects of your life, and this includes maintaining a healthy lifestyle. Outside of his career he is involved in the parkrun movement, as a participant, volunteer, event Director and Territory Director. He looks after 6 events in CQ, and is always amazed at the generosity and friendliness of large groups of ‘strangers’ who have a similar intent – to be part of a “Healthier and Happier Planet”. He encourages everyone to seek out their nearest event and have a go, whether as a walker, shuffler, or runner. He was recently fortunate enough to walk the Kokoda track with his family. “Talk about an amazing journey – physically and emotionally challenging, yet highly rewarding”. Craig explains that this was not only a huge learning and growth experience for his kids, but also an opportunity for reflection for him and his wife. While there are no words that

can fully explain Kokoda and the experience, Craig will remember it is “an area of contrasts; so friendly, beautiful and peaceful, yet 75 years ago the scene of hard, bloody and determined fighting in the defence of Australia”. A poignant question that was asked at the conclusion of the track, which Craig believes is applicable to everybody was: ‘What will you do with your life that will still be important 10 years (let alone 75 years) from now?’ Over 20 years in the Local Government environment has provided a number of lessons, including:  Your degree is only the start of your learning - learn from the experienced, particularly the field staff, right down to labourers, as they are the ones who make your project happen!!!  You need to remain open to new ideas and be prepared to innovate (and have the discussions about why your proposal is the right one)  Don’t ‘burn your bridges’. Craig still encounters people he first

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met in the early stages of his career in NSW  Be aware of your career, don’t become ‘specialised’ too early and chase the challenges  Be prepared to question ‘why?’ There should never be such a thing as a ‘silly question’  Look after yourself – nobody deserves to be ’burnt out’ In Summary Craig’s view is that local government/public works provides a huge variety in career options, experiences and opportunities if you are prepared to accept new challenges. Smaller/rural/remote councils provide an enormous opportunity to learn and provide a great grounding. And he recommends that all those involved in public works should join and contribute to IPWEAQ. “As a member organisation, it can only be as good as the contributions of its members. I look forward to seeing the organisation grow, and see what future opportunities exist for the members.”

IPWEAQ Ambassador’s Report The transition from university student to emerging professional is an exciting time but one which wouldn’t be possible without the support and guidance of role models. Positive role models influence and inspire, motivate and develop, and help us to reach our goals. Having recently graduated and at the start of my professional career, I value the importance of giving back and enjoy encouraging students aspiring to pursue a career in STEM fields. In August, I travelled to Cairns visiting a number of schools in the region to facilitate workshops and information sessions about pursuing a career in engineering. Students were encouraged to ask questions about university life, the benefit of project-based learning and the importance of industry placements while studying. Interactions with students still unsure about their potential career options can have a major impact on their eventual decision. This process also highlights the benefit of investing in talent and passion once a graduate has commenced work. Offering opportunities for recent graduates to interact with peers and co-workers, regardless of position, can positively increase working relationships and group dynamics. On the final day, I was invited as a guest speaker together with

Lydia O’Meara, a medical science student, for a hands-on workshop at the STEM breakfast, ‘A Recipe for Change’ attended by 120 students from Cairns schools. The breakfast was also an opportunity to announce the release of the new Dream Big Project and website at www.dream-big-project.com. I’m also very proud to announce that I have been chosen as the ‘Face of Engineering’ for CQUniversity. The ‘double trouble’ shot (see right) and others from students on various career paths will be making their way to Australian television and cinema screens to inspire young professionals and school students to pursue a rewarding career. My catch phrase goes something along the lines of … “In school, I wanted to be a fashion designer but now I’m a Civil Engineer at Aurecon designing and constructing ferry terminals. All you have to do is dream big!”

I hope the adverts, together with the recent school visits, help to encourage students who may not have considered a career in engineering to pursue this very rewarding opportunity. Jessica Kahl IPWEAQ Ambassador

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Roles and responsibilities of Local Government Officers

LEGAL FOCUS

Troy Webb, Partner, McCullough Robertson Lawyers Over the past few weeks I and other representatives of McCullough Robertson have been involved in a series of webinar training sessions delivered to members of IPWEAQ relating to powers and responsibilities of relevance to the day to day functions of local government engineers. The series covered a broad range of governance related issues that are important for local government engineers to be aware of in discharging their statutory obligations as professionals employed within the public sector. There were presentations on ethical duties, transparent decision making, employment and safety obligations, environmental issues and powers of entry/ enforcement. The local government principles At the forefront of the responsibilities of local government elected representatives and employees in Queensland is the requirement to perform responsibilities and take actions in accordance with the ‘local government principles’ under the Local Government Act 2009 (Qld) (LGA).

The ‘local government principles’ are: (a) t ransparent and effective processes, and decisionmaking in the public interest; (b) s ustainable development and management of assets and infrastructure, and delivery of effective services; (c) d emocratic representation, social inclusion and meaningful community engagement; (d) g ood governance of, and by, local government; and (e) e thical and legal behaviour of councillors and local government employees.

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This ‘principles based’ approach to advancing the purposes of the LGA provides ‘fallback’ guidance to local government engineers in exercising their powers and responsibilities where statutory obligations are not expressly specified. Local government employee responsibilities and ethics The LGA also specifies the responsibilities imposed upon local government employees. These include carrying out duties impartially and with integrity and observing the ethical principles under section 4 of the Public Sector Ethics Act 1994 (Qld) (PSE). The PSE

Key documents such as the Corporate Plan and Planning Scheme are also required to be publicly available and published on the local government’s website. The recently commenced Planning Act 2016 (Qld) also requires reasons for some development application decisions to be published on the local government’s website.

provides for the requirement for codes of conduct to be established and there is a duty upon local government employees to comply with the approved code of conduct. A failure to do so may result in disciplinary action being taken. The ethics principles under the PSE, are: (a) i ntegrity and impartiality; (b) p romoting the public good; (c) c ommitment to the system of government; and (d) a ccountability and transparency. The trend towards transparency There is no doubt that there is a legislative trend which places transparency in public decision making at the forefront of decision making for public officials. There are a number of examples of this trend. Local governments are required to publish minutes of Council meetings and also to ensure accurate record-keeping is undertaken in accordance with obligations under the Public Records Act 2002 (Qld).

The trend towards requiring a greater amount of information to be made available to the public does present other challenges for local government. Making more information available opens up scrutiny of decisions and the potential for court review of those decisions. Powers of entry The webinar series also outlined the various powers of entry provisions under the LGA for authorised persons and local government workers. The session provided an insight into the importance of ensuring that entry to land by officers is in accordance with those powers. This is particularly relevant for evidence collection because if an entry is made in non- compliance with those obligations, a prospect arises that the evidence collected may be found by a court to be inadmissible. The seminar looked at the need to provide reasonable entry notices in relevant circumstances if there is a default in complying with a remedial notice (e.g. enforcement notice). Any works that are undertaken in accordance with a reasonable entry notice can be recovered by Council as a debt, and potentially as a rate. Setting up a good governance framework

for Council processes associated with entry notices is important. The webinar outlined the potential powers for local government workers to enter land at reasonable times to carry out typical local government functions such as inspecting, maintaining, operating, repairing, replacing or removing local government facilities that are on, over or under land, for their routine operations. It was discussed how these powers may potentially be utilised in the absence of easements in favour the relevant local government. If there is no such easement then a prospect arises that the local government may need to pay compensation as a result of any damage caused to the land from the entry. Delegations and appointments The webinar series also highlighted the importance of ensuring that statutory powers of the local government which are exercised by local government employees, are supported by a properly constituted delegation. The local government is able to delegate its powers to the Chief Executive Officer (amongst other persons) and the Chief Executive Officer is able to sub-delegate his or her powers to a local government employee. In some circumstances local government engineers are required to routinely issue notices such as enforcement notices. However, it was emphasised that the relevant legislation often refers to the power being in the hands of an entity such as the ‘local government’ or an ‘enforcement authority’. When legislation uses words to that effect then that generally means the entity would

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

exercise the power by resolution. To ensure that all powers are properly exercised as required by the legislation, a person exercising those powers is required to have the necessary delegation.

a daily basis. However, having an appropriate level of understanding of the legislative requirements will assist when scrutiny of decisions and actions arise in a particular situation.

Similar requirements also apply to local government ‘authorised persons’ who undertake investigations. Those persons must be properly appointed as authorised persons under the LGA to ensure that they have the benefit of the various powers specified, including powers of entry and the power to obtain warrants.

Without a strong governance framework, the ability for local government engineers to properly perform their functions and not be subject to undue criticism may be undermined. It is important for public confidence in local government as an institution that local government engineers are aware of their powers and responsibilities so they are discharged in accordance with the law.

Conclusion Ethical issues do not always arise for local government engineers on

SAVE THE DATE! President’s Breakfast Friday 9 February

2018

Captain’s Room The Pavilion Allan Border Field 1 Greg Chappell Street Albion

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Those involved in the webinar series at McCullough Robertson found it to be a worthwhile experience and we hope the participants did as well.

McCullough Robertson is a full service law firm with over 380 staff, a Queensland head office and a dedicated Local Government practice led by Partner, Troy Webb. Troy’s local government practice includes advising on governance and enforcement related issues, planning and environment and infrastructure agreement preparation. He is listed in Doyles Guide as a ‘Leading’ Planning lawyer

Essential (Technical) Leadership

PROFESSIONAL DEVELOPMENT

The majority of technical professionals in the public works sector do not make a conscious decision to become a leader. When they enter into university as an undergraduate, they embark on a program of study which has a heavy technical focus. They enter the workforce, gain experience and expertise then over time their technical competence is recognised. And before long, they find themselves in a position of leadership. While some will rise to the occasion and function well in their new positions, others flounder. Decision makers often assume that a person who demonstrates technical competency and performs well in their job is likely to have leadership and management potential. As a result, many new leaders find themselves in roles for which they are entirely unprepared. In reality, leadership and management require skillsets that are significantly different to the tasks performed as a functional expert. In many cases, a new leader will choose to govern their team by focusing on the substance of their role and minimising or avoiding the human and managerial elements entirely. Unfortunately, it is exactly those dimensions of their

new roles that form the heart and foundation of good leadership. Since a leadership role depends on achieving results through others, the critical element that defines a successful manager is the application of effective interpersonal skills. By talking to a number of technical leaders across our sector, it appears that the root of the problem is in where to place the emphasis: in technical or in ‘leader’? A leader without sufficient technical background will often struggle to earn the respect of the team. A technician without leadership skills is ineffective and can create havoc within the organisation. These observations raise several questions: Is leadership in a technical arena different than generic leadership? Must leadership development be carried out differently for a technical audience? In reality, an effective technical leader has the same core leadership skills of communication, relationship building, empowerment and self-awareness. These are traits that may not come naturally to the majority of people. Succeeding in a leadership role can be a challenge, requiring new perspectives, another area of knowledge, different skillsets and personality traits. Success will

often require making decisions, not based on logic and analysis but utilising the ‘soft skills’ of listening, understanding personal relationships, human interaction and empathy. The good news is leadership skills can be improved if the individual is willing to be self-reflective and make a real effort to learn. The most important factor in increasing knowledge and skills is the willingness to learn. A successful outcome can be directly related to how motivated the individual was to lead in the first place. When someone is not quite ready and willing, they will likely stick their head in the sand and either ignore their role as leader or assume a ‘stock’ leadership position such as being authoritarian. New technical leaders —especially those who feel hesitant about leading—need to recognise they feel unprepared or ill-equipped to assume a leadership role and translate these concerns into motivation to improve their skillset. The bottom line is that promotions to positions of technical leadership, while celebrated initially, can soon lead to failure if one does not take the time to assess their strengths and weaknesses as a leader, and

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

show willingness to change their approach and enhance their knowledge and skillset when necessary. IPWEAQ has developed the Leadership Toolkit Series to assist individuals, teams and organisations realise their potential and assist in the transition from technical professional to successful

leader. Some of the topics covered in the program include:  The emerging leader  Effective communication  Influencing others  Personal development  Team development  Performance management  Leadership and accountability

 Strategic thinking  Operational planning For more information, please contact Craig Moss Director, Professional & Career Development 3632 6805 or Craig.Moss@ipweaq.com

IPWEAQ Professional Development Offering in-house and customised training in the following areas:

Technical Programs

Non-Technical Program

Popular courses

 Construction & Maintenance  Road Safety  Environment Management  Asset Management  Planning & Design  Fleet & Plant Management  Traffic & Transport Management  Stormwater & Flood Management

 Construction Law  Leadership & Management  Project Management  Business Services  Contract Management  Stakeholder Engagement  Risk Management

 Road Safety Audit  Bridge Inspections Levels 1 & 2  Supervisor Workshop Series  Erosion & Sediment Control M anaging the Risks on Lower Order Roads N ative Title & Cultural Heritage Compliance  The Leadership Toolkit Series

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

CIVIL DESIGN SCHOOL TO DELIVER JOB-READY RECRUITS

FEATURE ARTICLE

Tony Gallagher, Design Manager, Harrison Infrastructure Group Harrison Infrastructure Group (HIG) has been offering consultancy services for the past twenty one years for local authorities and state government clients across the state. In recent years, we have found it is becoming increasingly difficult to recruit designers and engineers with the experience and proficiency to perform in the role without firstly requiring substantial training and guidance. With the current work demands faced by design and engineering teams, it is difficult to devote the time and resources required to adequately train these newly recruited designers and engineers whilst faced with project delivery pressures. By observing industry trend over a number of years, we believe this lack of experience can be attributed to a number of factors. Firstly, the Associate Degree of Engineering program that is the minimum qualifications expected of most Civil Designers is providing limited real world exposure to the day-to-day tasks performed by a designer / engineer. Secondly, the closure of the Transport and Main Roads (TMR)

Design School has had a negative impact on the number of suitably skilled cadet designers entering the workforce. For ten years the TMR Design School produced ten trained cadets per year into TMR and the industry at large. This pipeline of well trained, work ready candidates met a very real need. The civil design community is in need of a systematic and coordinated approach for training of their design and engineering staff at all levels. With the loss of the TMR design school the number of trained people available has decreased and as existing experienced designers are moving into management roles, the skills gap between newly employed designers and experienced ones is increasing. There is also a need for existing designers to continually develop their knowledge and skills in line with industry requirements. These observations are supported by the recently released Austroads Research Report AP-R548-17 – Fundamental Objectives of Road Design. One of the main tasks of this research was to identify the reasons that contribute to the fundamental objectives of road design not being achieved. Section 4.1.4 of the report focuses on Design Competency and identifies that “Designers apply the values in the guides without understanding the first principles

behind the values or the resulting effects on the fundamental objectives of road design and the whole-of-life costs.” The research found that this was most evident in the preliminary and detailed design phases. Further the report found that “Designers are not exercising context-sensitive design principles to develop innovative, practicable design solutions using first principles and design exceptions.” The Austroads report also found that:  The objectives of road design are not a focus in training at university or in-house training. The varying levels of skill affects – how design principles are applied within the context of the site  how design exceptions are applied within the context of the site.  There is a low number of highly skilled designers that are capable of developing specialist or innovative designs through a robust engineering process using first principles to achieve the objectives of road design.  The current design process and philosophy expected of designers is not covered in undergraduate technology and engineering courses. The major recommendation of the Austroads report is that designers

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and practitioners are provided with additional education, design development guidance and tools to assist in producing design solutions that achieve the objectives of road design. Therefore, HIG in partnership with IPWEAQ are investigating options to fill these knowledge and skills gaps by building on our combined resources and experience in delivering outcomes such as:  Lower order roads training and supervisor training with IPWEAQ;  Cycleway training for TMR and;  HIG’s staff involvement in the original setup and delivery of the TMR design school.

HIG and IPWEAQ are also investigating a number of options including the opening of a training centre to provide a coordinated and consistent training approach, with the long-term goal of offering an industry recognised qualification, either Certificate IV or Diploma in Road Design as well as a pathway into tertiary education. The training programs would provide cadets, engineering staff and existing designers with a broad and practical understanding of the design skills required by local authorities and the industry in areas such as basic road design, drainage, extended design domain, lower order roads, guardrail design, intersection

design, cycleway design, traffic analysis, intersection design, street lighting design, risk assessment and design software such as AutoCAD and 12D. The school will provide cadets with real world training, while the civil design and engineering industry will benefit with access to well trained, job ready Designers and Engineers. HIG and IPWEAQ welcome industry feedback into this initiative. We encourage you to contact Tony Gallagher, Design Manager HIG tony.gallagher@ hig.com.au or Craig Moss, Director, Professional & Career Development Craig.Moss@ipweaq. com to discuss further.

1800 803 795 www.ingalcivil.com.au

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QUEENSLAND URBAN DRAINAGE MANUAL FOURTH EDITION

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

IPWEAQ WORKING GROUP UPDATE

TECHNICAL PRODUCTS

Ross Guppy, Director, Technical Products Standard Drawings The standards drawings group last met on 8 August with our next meeting scheduled for 4 October. At the last meeting the group finalised a number of drawing updates and reviewed all of the Parks drawings. The group discussed the use of deflection bars, on bicycle paths and it was noted that many councils are moving away from these. The city of the Gold Coast has successfully used 300mm diameter bollards 1.8m high on Hope Island Road refer. The group will examine alternatives being used with a view to expanding the options available. The Sunshine Coast gave an overview of their Open Space Landscape Infrastructure Manual (LIM), an online document which provides guidance during the design, development and delivery of Sunshine Coast Council controlled open space. The LIM is a living document which grows and evolves as Council’s needs change, products improve and technical information advances. You can find the manual by visiting the SCC website and searching ‘LIM’ www.

sunshinecoast.qld.gov.au The group also reviewed a number of the fence drawings including; GS-042, GS-043, GS-044, GS-045, GS-046, GS-047 and GS-048. At the next meeting members will present their Council’s Parks Standard Drawings for retaining walls, boulder walls, dry stack walls, pavement, board walks etc. Queensland Urban Drainage Manual (QUDM) The main QUDM document was published in early August and is available for purchase from the IPWEAQ website. However, work still continues to finalise the publication of the “Background Notes”. QUDM will assist engineers and stormwater designers in the planning, design and management of urban stormwater drainage systems in Queensland. It addresses technical and regulatory requirements, provides details of appropriate design methods and computational procedures and covers both hydrologic and hydraulic procedures as well as environmental and legal elements. This engineering guideline is designed to be used in partnership with other design manuals on topics such as floodplain management, total water cycle management, water sensitive

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urban design, and natural channel design and needs to be applied appropriately to local conditions. It should however be noted that QUDM is not intended to be a floodplain management manual. ADAC ADAC continues to gain interest from across industry, with the most recent in-house day being held at Tweed Shire Council. We continue to raise the profile of ADAC and have demonstrated its capabilities to Queensland Audit Office Staff. Following on from a discussion with Murray Erbs, I have made contact with Andrew Nixon of Wellington City Council. He will be seeking permission from the ADAC Strategic Reference Group to undertake a trial of the use of the Austroads standard and the meta-connect ‘data dictionary’ tool they use with ADAC and 12D. The Pilot work will be managed and partially funded by NZTA. Christchurch City Council will be doing the actual work. At the time of writing this update ADAC V5.0 was essentially ready for release with production of the XSD files by Lion Systems. In addition we will have available:  ADAC V5.0 HTM Diff Reports, which contains HTM files detailing all changes between the V4.2 and V5.0 schema’s.

 ADAC V5.0 HTML Full Report which contains the HTML files and all associated document and images to view in a browser. This is in-lieu of the Mindmap view as we do not have that available yet. This HTML report allows the user to move back and forth through the schema and contains graphical views as well as the source code.  ADAC V5.0 schema, which contains all the revised XSD files, the ProjectArea XMP file and the Data Dictionary in XLSX format.  Sample ADAC V5.0 XML file, which contains a version 5.0 XML file of realistic data in MGA94 - Zone 56 coordinates. There is one of every asset but more for Sewerage and Stormwater due to disconnected capture. The next step will be to pass on the schema to all Tool Vendors, SEQ Code for updating the Asset Information Specification and SAFE International for inclusion in FME Professional. Individual Authorities

Capture Guidelines will also need revising to reflect the new schema. Computer Aid Design (CAD) Standards working Group This is a relatively new working group and we are looking to make the use of CAD as efficient as possible and to have a system that is uniform across councils so that drawings produced from each technician all look the same with uniform layering and styles etc. As design models and drawings are also prepared by external consultants there will also be advantages when working across local government boundaries etc. The group along with 12D have developed an IPWEA draft and are trialling it over a 3-month period. We will also be working with the Survey Group to ensure the work is aligned with their requirements. The next meeting is scheduled for 9 November. Survey Standards working Group The Survey Standards working group will held its second meeting

on 6 July to develop and finalise a naming code convention. A standard set of codes for underground utility locations in accordance with the AS-5488 standard has also been included. The additional underground service codes will enable those unable to attribute field data into their CAD package and still follow the same naming convention with each utility quality label being in its own model / layer. Colours and line styles will be discussed within the CAD group but will be set through the Survey working Group with a possible convention of W-QA, W-QC etc. (water quality A and C respectively) same for other services. The group is looking to schedule its next meeting for late September. If you have any queries about IPWEAQ’s Working Groups or wish to provide input, please contact me on 3632 6804 or Ross.Guppy@ ipweaq.com.

PUBLICATIONS

www.ipweaq.com/technical Standard Drawings Standard Drawings for General, Drainage and Water Quality, Parks, Roads, Homeowner.

Lower Order Road Design Guide This guide offers a riskbased approach to lower road capital improvement.

Complete Streets

Supervisor’s Handbook

Guidelines for Urban Street Design

For supervisors and staff working on local government projects in the field.

Queensland Urban Drainage Manual For engineers and stormwater designers in the planning, design and management of urban stormwater drainage systems.

Purchase and download IPWEAQ Publications at http://www.ipweaq.com/ publications-2

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

INFORMS. CONNECTS. REPRESENTS. LEADS. TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED Incorrect, missing or redundant data can cost significant time delays and money. ADAC is a strategic solution through quality data capture and management for government and utilities. ADAC is available for councils at no cost however we encourage you to join the ADAC consortium to help influence the ongoing development, governance and expansion of ADAC. Consortium members receive access to documents, tools and materials developed to support ADAC with an opportunity also to shape its future direction and compatibility with BIM.

Shape your organisation’s future with ADAC ADAC annual subscription based on constituents

PRICE plus GST

Councils with less than 25,000

$2,000

Councils with 25,000 to 100,000

$4,000

Councils with more than 100,000

$7,000

Apply a 10% discount for subscribers to PWTS

We have a panel of skilled providers to assist your council with the implementation of ADAC.

Enquiries Ross Guppy Director | Technical Products 07 3632 6804 Ross.Guppy@ipweaq.com

www.ipweaq.com    Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

THANKYOU TO THE ADAC TRG!

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC substantial body of works. Along the development pathway, ADAC Members have been informed and engaged via TRG meetings and email communiques. The working group is mindful of the impost on software developers and end users so a full “step” enhancement like moving from v4.x – v5.x is only undertaken annually or greater (dependant on the drivers for change).

Darren Moore Chair ADAC Strategic Reference Group There has much going on this last year in relation to the development and enhancement of the current ADAC Schema 4.2. ADAC v5 has been developed by the ADAC Technical Reference Group (TRG) which has involved a

So, it is with grateful thanks, particularly for those who have contributed directly at TRG workshops, that I can now formally announce that ADAC v5 has been ratified and accepted. What will be in ADAC 5.0 when it is released later this year? The big changes are:  Introduction of a Bridge Asset Class  Separate Class for Road Safety Barrier

ADAC Technical Reference Group (TRG)  Bob Jordan (Chair), Sunshine Coast Council  Matthew Andreatta, Brisbane City Council  Matthew Caughley, Bundaberg Regional Council  Alyssa Todd, City of Charles Sturt  Chris Kelso, Gladstone Regional Council  Debra Wright, City of Gold Coast  Trish Mahon, City of Gold Coast  Nolan McGuire, City of Gold Coast  Antal Laszlo, Gympie Regional Council  Clem Bailey, Gympie Regional Council  John Keen, Lockyer Valley Regional Council  Darren Moore, Logan City Council  Martin Doré, Logan City Council  Kristy Comrie, Mackay Regional Council  Neil Holmes, Moreton Bay Regional Council

 Removal of WSAA specific wording e.g. Pipe Embedment Types  Removal of Main Roads specific references e.g. Geotextile Class.  Pram Ramps to be collected as polygons  Simplification of Kerb and Channel  Changes to Stormwater End Structures  Additional options in several areas e.g. frog flaps, fire trails, ductile iron, SN8  Addition of Stormwater flow management devices Well done all who contributed to this important update. For more information about ADAC or the release of the update, please contact Ross Guppy, Director Technical Products on 3632 6804 or Ross.Guppy@ ipweaq.com.

teven Pirlo, Port Macquarie-Hastings S Justin Mendelow, Queensland Urban Utilities  Gavin Sharpe, Queensland Urban Utilities  Ian Read, Redland City Council  Glen Jenkins, Redland City Council  Cathryn Schofield, Rockhampton Regional Council  Jamie McCaul, Rockhampton Regional Council  Peter Sutter, SAWater  Sandra Sherriff, Toowoomba Regional Council  Joel Attwood, Toowoomba Regional Council  Col Lutton, Tweed Shire Council  Mitch Liddell, Tweed Shire Council  Ivan Beirne, Unity Water  Nabin Shrestha, Wentworth Shire Council  Lynda Curtis, Whitsunday Regional Council  

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

Can BIM be civil?

TECHNICAL ARTICLE Dr Lee Gregory Managing Director, 12d Solutions Queensland is one of the first Australian State Governments to actively support Building Information Modelling (BIM) and in April 2017 released a draft policy on BIM, including Open BIM as defined by buildingSMART Australasia. The scope is to include all Queensland Government departments, agencies and statutory authorities, including all vertical (e.g. buildings such as hospitals and schools and linear infrastructure (e.g. roads and railways). Although Open BIM has been with us for many years, its main focus has been on Buildings and Structures (Vertical BIM), and not Civil projects (Horizontal or Linear BIM). This is particularly evident if one looks at the current International Open BIM format,

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC Industry Foundation Classes (IFC’s). However, Queensland has been at the forefront in the development of BIM for Civil projects and in 2006, TMR, Project Services (Queensland Department of Public Works) and 12d Solutions were active participants in the Interoperable Standards project for the Cooperative Research Centre (CRC) for Construction Innovation. IPWEAQ has also been responsible for the creation and wide spread use in Local Government and Water Authorities, of one of the first Civil BIM formats, ADAC.XML. A presentation at the IPWEAQ 2017 state conference in Townsville will explore Surveyors and Civil Designers have been using Digital Engineering/BIM on many Civil projects since the 1980’s. This presentation will also examine the fundamental differences in BIM for Buildings and BIM for Civil projects and explain how Digital Engineering/ BIM was addressed in the past, and cover the progress currently being made by BuildingSMART International to include Civil BIM in the Open BIM format, IFC’s. To hear more from Dr Lee Gregory, register now for the state conference in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

TRANSFORMING YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC

TECHNICAL ARTICLE Ross Guppy Director, Technical Products, Ipweaq The timely supply of accurate infrastructure asset data is critical to insurance schedules, risk management, accurate maintenance schedules and financial considerations such as long-term planning, depreciation and budgeting. Accuracy in these areas ultimately affects the consumer of the services – the rate payer and community. Historically, hardcopy ‘Design’ and ‘As Constructed’ drawings are submitted to the asset owner at the completion of construction. The collection of data on this civil infrastructure is then actioned through scrutiny of the supplied plans. This approach is

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC of standardised asset information easier between asset designers, constructors and owners. The timely and accurate recognition, registration and valuation of donated civil infrastructure are fundamental activities for local councils and water utilities. With the considerable worth and inherent risks that come with these assets, attention to detail is paramount.

broadly recognised as both time consuming and potentially prone to errors. The last decade has seen a general awakening to the importance of accurate measurement of assets accompanied by the rise of GIS and Asset Management software to assist industry in the sustainable management of assets. In 2001, a group of council members from the Sunshine Coast, Queensland realised this need, and decided to respond. Their goal was to develop a robust framework for the efficient and standardised capture, delivery and use of public works asset data. Spatial technologies were being refined, and accurate, reliable and complete ‘as constructed’ information was critical for daily operational works and asset management forecasting alike. Current work methods of

reproducing ‘as constructed’ information from hard copies were no longer viable. The movement of ‘as constructed’ information from developers to councils needed to be streamlined, while maintaining accuracy. The group decided on a number of actions that led to the development of the Asset Design As Constructed (ADAC) data standard and business improvement process. ADAC is a framework and asset data standard that reduces the time taken to generate, supply and enter the information required for asset management. There is potential to dramatically reduce the time taken to process planning and engineering checks however in its simplest form this framework has already demonstrated enormous time savings. It provides a set of tools supported by IPWEAQ that make the exchange

The collection and presentation of asset information for donated infrastructure traditionally starts with an external “as-constructed” survey of all newly built assets. The primary purpose of this process is to clearly establish and record any significant differences between the initial design and the actual assets that will pass over for management by the asset owner, normally a local authority or water utility. The information collected will consist of details on type, location, quantities and dimensions, all of which are used to catalogue, record and value the assets in the first instance. Assembled information is then subject to multiple manual processes passed through numerous hands with the major activity typically involving the “deconstruction” of hardcopy drawings. Ultimately the details and critical data will finish with internal asset managers and accountants. While requirements are reasonably straightforward the overall task can often be

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

troublesome and onerous, with a high potential for transcription errors and other less than optimal outcomes such as difficulty in exchanging data between systems or organisations. The ADAC process was conceived to assist organisations in this critical process of accurately capturing and recording all relevant asset data using purpose-built tools and automated processes. Major advantages include substantial processing efficiencies, significant improvements in data quality and increased risk mitigation at both an operational and corporate governance level. Currently this work can consume many days, even weeks, of resource time for both Developers and asset owners.

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC

With ADAC the process times for compliant data is reduced to seconds to translate and load this accurate information into internal systems. ADAC offers substantial benefits to all stakeholders involved in the project life cycle, and specifically “As Constructed” process chain. Land Developers’ Consultants that are responsible for preparing “As Con” plans and providing asset information on new urban developments now have a consistent approach when recording this information and supplying it to any ADAC participating councils. Benefits also flow back to external providers with the ADAC asset

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

data requirements supporting a standardisation of information as well as providing the capacity for “round-tripping” of these records in a consistent and reliable format when required by another agency. The vision is that ADAC will become the industry standard for describing civil infrastructure asset design and as constructed data across a range of public and private asset classes. ADAC’s strategic solutions will be explored in stream 7 ‘digital engineering’ at the IPWEAQ State Conference in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017.

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

SOFTWARE VENDORS 12d Solutions

12d Solutions has been involved with ADAC.XML since its inception, with 12d’s goal being to integrate the ADAC process into the full cycle from Design to Construction, Construction to As Built, and for re-use in future projects. Using 12d Model’s parametric objects and hierarchical attributes, the ADAC data is fully incorporated inside 12d Model so there is no data loss. 12d Model currently supports ADAC 4.0, 4.1 and 4.2 and more importantly, the 12d Model ADAC Editors and Validators are driven directly by the IPWEA ADAC XSD’s. This minimises any implementation errors and allows for quick upgrading to any future ADAC Schemas. 12d-ADAC is NOT an additional cost. 12d-ADAC is integrated in the appropriate 12d Model modules and is included free of charge for all customers on annual maintenance.

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC The Benefits of 12d ADAC Data Fidelity – the ADAC Schema is completely reflected inside 12d Model’s parametric objects and hierarchical attributes so that there is no ADAC data loss. Contact: Lisa Stewart Marketing & Communications Coordinator 12d Solutions Pty Ltd Ph: (02) 9970 7117 lisa.stewart@12d.com www.12d.com Keays Software Keays Software is a Queensland software developer specialising in civil engineering and surveying solutions. ADAC-X is the first commercially available product that reads and writes ADAC compliant files through an AutoCAD interface. ADAC has been developed from the early work John Keays did around 1995-2000 on the Moreton Model. Keays Software has worked with Redlands, Moreton Bay Regional Council, Gold Coast and Logan on strategies for the implementation of the ADAC vision for digital lodgement of as constructed data. The adoption of ADAC 4.0 file structure was first used after the 2011 floods for the worked done at Lockyer Valley for the Queensland Reconstruction Authority. ACAD-X is a tool to be used by all departments in a Local Authority and for all engineers

and surveyors who prepare data for Local Authorities. ADAC-X is a standalone product that provides viewing of data files for DA approval. ADAC-X is used to author ADAC objects while in the AutoCAD environment (while designing). ADAC-X and Keays Software can be used to convert existing design and survey files into ADAC complaint files. Contact: Keays Software Ph (07) 3870 1711 adac@keays.com.au www.keayssoftware.com.au Sofoco Pty Ltd plus Duprez Construction Services Pty Ltd “ADACX” ADACX, running in BricsCAD or AutoCAD, provides a great solution for creating and editing ADAC XML files.  Work in a familiar DWG CAD environment.  Attach ADAC data to cadastral lots, pipes, pavements and all other asset geometries.  All ADAC data is contained in your drawing - no separate files to manage.  Export the project to XML at any time.  Can also import ADAC XML to create a check drawing.  ADACX code is generated directly from the 4.1 and 4.2 schemas - guaranteed valid XML!  BricsCAD is cheap, robust, very compatible and well supported.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED  AutoCAD users will be able to use ADACX soon. Damian Harkin Ph: 0402 346 961 damian.harkin@sofoco.com.au www.adacx.com.au Blackbox22 Creating the Digital Link between Clients and Councils blackbox22 is a comprehensive, ADAC 4.1 compliant software solution designed to automate and speed up the as-built process. It is designed to be intuitive and easy to use, with features that simplify and standardise the processing of as-built data. Designed to assist with the efficiency and effectiveness of processes for council contractors and councils, blackbox22 users can easily comply with council requirements by using customised templates specific to council. Providing quality control and certainty of design, blackbox22 utilises error checking to immediately notify the user when data does not comply with council requirements. The software flags errors allowing these errors to be rectified or an explanation to be provided with the submission. blackbox22 allows for increased productivity by reducing time required to lodge ‘as constructed’ data. Councils can directly import data into GIS systems eliminating the need for manual entering.

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC The instant reporting capability of blackbox22 allows users to generate up-to-date relevant reports, which can be customised to be council specific. Examples of reports include – error, asset and project costing. Reporting can be done in various file types including DWG,DXF, SHP, MID/ MIF, Excel and CSV. Key Benefits of blackbox22  Tailored ‘as constructed’ specifications  Simple & intuitive data input  Saves time & resources  Consistent and accurate  In-built quality control  Customised functionalities for individual council requirements  Error detection functionality Contact A2K Technologies Ph: 1800 223 562 marketing@a2ktechnologies.com.au www.a2ktechnologies.com.au

IMPLEMENTATION CONSULTANTS

ADAC “Recognised” Implementation partners have been screened by the ADAC Steering Group as having capabilities in ADAC assistance and implementation: Lion Systems

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Lion Systems provides specialised services to Local Councils and other asset-centric organisations. We do this by offering hands-on practical assistance to our clients, helping them in understanding and improving the fundamental processes that underpin asset lifecycle management and associated service delivery outcomes. At Lion Systems we have the expertise to support you with a range of activities that include:  ADAC – 20+ yrs combined Experience in Implementation and Technical Systems  Asset Data Evaluation, Cleansing, Analysis & Improvement  Asset Hierarchy Development (Physical & Financial Systems)  Data Collection & Mobile Computing Tools (hardware/ software available to clients)  Process Support for Asset Information Management Systems  Spatial & Aspatial Information Management Activities  Operational, Tactical & Strategic Asset Management Support  Asset Management Planning & Service Planning Frameworks  Asset Data Bureau Services (remote data management and publication services) The team at Lion Systems have the experience, skills, tools and knowledge to help you quickly improve your asset and data

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED management processes, working collaboratively with your staff, at your pace and within budget. Contact us to discuss your own individual needs. Geoff Bartholomew & Blake Slaven LION SYSTEMS Pty Ltd Ph: 07 5443 5050 Mob: 0409 762 790 info@lionsystems.com.au www.lionsystems.com.au Door 3 Consulting

Door 3 Consulting specialises in helping organisations plan

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC and implement process and technological change. Our team has a proven track record in successfully leading and executing major change initiatives at all levels of government and in the community sector. We can provide skilled and experienced professionals across a range of disciplines including:  Strategic, tactical & operational planning  Executive communication & engagement  Stakeholder buy-in & mobilisation  Business process re-engineering  Program & project management

Bundaberg Regional Council

“ADAC provides a robust data specification that underpins asset design and as constructed data. Compliant data is captured during design and construction processes and used to populate asset component registers and Geographical Information Systems (GIS). The system captures data from not only within our own region but complements similar data state wide and includes information on roads, drainage, water, sewerage and open space.

As new assets are designed those design components are added to the ADAC database. It then becomes a simplified process for anyone undertaking future design work in locations where assets have already been recorded.

The vast majority of our internal capital projects no longer require the production of As Constructed drawings. This is due largely to ADAC’s open data transfer via XML and as a result, Bundaberg Regional Council has achieved significant efficiencies in the entry of data into GIS and asset systems.

 Business analysis  Systems implementation & data conversion  Training & facilitation  Staff development & support (mentoring, coaching & professional supervision) We offer a range of flexible engagement options to help maximise the return on your organisation’s investment. John Gorman Director Door 3 Consulting Pty Ltd M: 0430 333 501 john.gorman@door3.com.au www.door3.com.au

Bundaberg Regional Council receives a good majority of its As Constructed information for capital projects constructed by internal resources via ADAC compliant XML files.

The BRC Planning Scheme now requires As Constructed information for development works gifted to Council be submitted in the form of an ADAC compliant file. It will mean the ADAC process begins at the very start of a project, with the submission of compliant For Construction asset information, not just at the completion of a project. By adopting this approach it is intended to expedite the ‘On Maintenance’ process and as a result reduce the overall cost burden on a Developer. This has commenced for all new Developments seeking approvals under the new planning scheme. The third part of the BRC ADAC implementation (currently being finalised) will target requiring all external contractors delivering capital projects for Bundaberg Regional Council to also provide project As Constructed information in the form of ADAC compliant files.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC

BENEFITS

ADAC SUBSCRIBERS

B risbane City Council B undaberg Regional Council C ity of Charles Sturt C ity of Gold Coast

G ladstone Regional Council G ympie Regional Council  L ockyer Valley Regional Council  L ogan City Council Through membership and effective implementation, ADAC can provide organisations with the following benefits:  Significant time and resource savings in the electronic processing of as constructed data  Improved consistency and accuracy of detailed asset data provided to council  Ability to perform “rulebased” quality control checks on asset data for completeness and integrity  Beneficial for automated uploading of asset data to GIS, asset management databases and other registers  Transparent asset registration and valuation

processes that deliver improved corporate governance  Capacity to reconcile individual donated trunk assets with planning scheme requirements and infrastructure agreements  Potential to “round-trip” asset data and related information to external customers in a consistent format  Property developers and consulting engineers experience consistent requirements from the Councils and asset owners they work with

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

M ackay Regional Council M oreton Bay Regional Council P ort Macquarie Hastings Council

Q ueensland Urban Utilities R edland City Council

R ockhampton Regional Council S A Water

S cenic Rim Regional Council

S unshine Coast Council T oowoomba Regional Council T weed Shire Council U nity Water

W entworth Shire Council W hitsunday Regional Council

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC

Joel Cranston GIS Officer | Lockyer Valley Regional Council Finally! I think we’ve found a solution to our dreaded As-Constructed plans. Being a relatively small council with fairly limited resources, especially when it comes to requesting and utilising AsConstructed plans, our current process is: 1. to request the as-con in a design format;

2. development engineers undertake the manual process of checking the as-con;

3. when the as-con gets approved its used either as a reference to and or manipulated so as to be added to our asset register; 4. And this is then displayed in our GIS.

This process is always a challenge and for the most part our As-Cons are merely designs with no real asset attributes assigned to them. This wasn’t helped by the fact that we have no real standard for what to request in an AsConstructed plan. The recent flood damage to this region has also seen our council in the position of having to record an unprecedented amount of data. As soon as we heard that ADAC was on the move, being Council driven and backed by IPWEA, we saw this as a great opportunity regardless of cost to get on board and get involved in what streamlines and standardises the As Design as Constructed processes within Council. By utilising ADAC in our Council we hope to instil consistency not only from As-Cons supplied by developers but consistency from our own As-Cons, even from our surveys to prelim designs right through to our asset registers. We also foresee a much quicker turnaround from ingestion to release back to the developer. We will be implementing ADAC as our As Design As Constructed standard for all works both capital and developer in the near future and honestly there is some hard work and tough decisions to be made in the short term but definitely a step in the right direction as far as we are concerned. Like all good things, you only get out what you put in and this is a great opportunity for all Councils out there who aren’t sure of what to do about your As-Con situation, to join the ADAC initiative and work with a team who realistically speaking make our jobs a lot easier. Justin Mendelow

an Utilities GIS Data Officer | Queensland Urb

an Utilities to ADAC has allowed Queensland Urb er and recycled water sew r, wate our ure electronically capt to a very high level of assets efficiently, completely and immediately realised are accuracy. The benefits of which for years to come. e tinu con by our customers and will

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ADAC

ASSET DESIGN AS CONSTRUCTED

Welcome to our new Partner, 12d Solutions!

Established in 1988, 12d Solutions is an Australian software developer specialising in civil engineering and surveying applications. Its major products, 12d Model and 12d Synergy, are sold direct and through distributors around Australia and in nearly 70 countries worldwide. 12d Model is the major land development, road and rail design tool used throughout Queensland and Australia by local government, road and rail authorities and private companies, large and small. Being highly interactive, graphical and with inbuilt powerful terrain modelling, civil engineering, water analysis and surveying calculations, 12d Model is one integrated package

TRANSFORM YOUR BUSINESS WITH ADAC that allows fast production in a wide variety of projects including mapping; site layouts; road, rail and highway design; residential and land developments; drainage and sewer design; and Environmental Impact studies. Although comprehensive, 12d Model is modularised, so users can choose, and only have to pay, for the modules that suit their needs. These Modules include detailed alignment design, earthworks calculations, visualisation, drainage and sewer works, survey and construction, and interfaces to CAD and GIS systems. The Survey and 12d Field modules provide a total field-to-officeto-construction-to-QA solution which avoid any unnecessary data loss because 12d Model and its database is out there with you in the field. 12d Solutions is a strong supporter of the Open Data initiatives and standards, especially for Digital Engineering and BIM. 12d Model includes in its Base product the ability to not only read and write its own published 12da/12dXML format, but also the IPWEA Standard ADAC XML files that are now being used throughout Australia, most published Point

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Cloud formats, the International Open BIM format, and Industry Foundation Classes (IFCs). Consequently, all this Open Data is available to any 12d Model user. To give users totally purchasing flexibility, 12d Model licences can be perpetual and/or subscription. 12d Model, now in its twentysixth year, has in recent years been joined by 12d Synergy â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a data management and project collaboration package designed specifically for the AEC office. 12d Synergy is the ONLY data management system to work seamlessly with 12d Model. It has been used to great acclaim on projects such as NorthConnex in Sydney and the Toowoomba Range Second Crossing in Queensland, and is being picked up by more and more companies around Australia and New Zealand. Utilising our decades of industry experience, 12d Synergy was developed to manage data, streamline workflows, increase collaboration and worksharing, and make our customersâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; lives easier and their projects run better and more profitably. For more information contact: Lisa Stewart Marketing & Communications Coordinator 12d Solutions Pty Ltd Ph: (02) 9970 7117 lisa.stewart@12d.com www.12d.com

QUEENSLAND ROAD SAFETY ACTION PLAN 2017-19

FOCUS ON SAFETY

In December 2016, IPWEAQ participated in the Safer Roads, Safer Queensland forum convened by the Queensland Department of Transport and Main Roads (TMR) to gather expert stakeholder input to the next action plan to improve road safety in Queensland. The new Queensland Road Safety Action Plan 2017-19 is now available. The 29-point plan continues the

journey towards achieving the Queensland Road Safety Strategy 2015-21 vision of zero fatalities and serious injuries on Queensland roads. This vision is supported by interim targets to cut serious casualties by 30% by 2020. The actions set out in the plan are designed to further the extensive range of outcomes achieved under previous action plans and advance road safety in Queensland. Under the new action plan,

stakeholder engagement will continue to be a significant area of focus. The four priority areas for action are:  delivering safer roads for Queenslanders g etting more people into safer cars  encouraging safer road use  planning our future and strengthening our partnerships. For more information or to read the plan visit the TMR website.

McBerns Safety Access Covers

CUSTOM DESIGNED & BUILT TO YOUR SITE SPECIFICATIONS

Setting High Standards in Safety, Design & Fabrication.

www.mcberns.com

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

qldwater ceo’s report The June state budget included several “carrots” to support regional communities but for LGAQ and qldwater there was one notable omission. At the moment, the Queensland Water Regional Alliance Program is funded to June 2018, but not yet beyond. It’s not dire news. There is strong support from the Department of Energy and Water Supply and a review process to occur. However, there is a risk to continuity and momentum, and a likely election later in 2017 creates additional uncertainty for a program which has the potential to continue to achieve big things for a relatively small state investment. One challenge will be in valuing benefits from these sorts of collaborative programs – the bottom line is one thing but the value gained from a strong and active regional network has proven significant in many locations, but largely immeasurable. Some initiatives which have been publicised recently include:  The Outback Regional Water Alliance (7 councils, Central-West Queensland) has completed a number of projects contributing to their overarching water quality program. The projects have seen 13 reservoirs cleaned, 200 km water mains cleaned, trialling of data visualisation tools and regional water

disinfection reviews to achieve best practice for the region. The region’s strong collaborative focus on this program has contributed to over $150,000 in savings and the improved water quality in the region has been recognised among the local communities. Moving forward in 2017, the region seeks to further leverage collaborative efforts and have been exploring regional strategies and approaches to solve challenges faced by small and remote communities.  The Wide Bay Burnett Regional Organisation of Councils (5 councils) has achieved a significant win for the region’s sewerage infrastructure. The WBBROC group undertook a sewer relining program which has seen savings of 10% for the participating councils and saved $2.4 million in capital investment. Led by the Fraser Coast Regional Council under the oversight of the WBBROC Water Alliance, the partnership saw the development of processes and documents which can now provide a basis for joint works throughout the region. The success of the program has led to planning for the next round of regional sewer relining. Each year QWRAP undertakes research into an area of significance for the water industry.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

This year research focuses on Queensland’s buried infrastructure across the state which consists of water and sewerage pipes with a total length sufficient to stretch around the world twice. A significant number of the buried pipes were installed before 1960 with early data suggesting that up to 25% will come to the end of their planned life in the next 25 years. The scale of any surge in replacement is poorly understood at state and local levels and the research is intended to provide a first level analysis of the potential infrastructure cliff and how it might be addressed particularly through regional collaboration. QWRAP is strategically important for regional Queensland. In the face of successive reviews criticising local government control of water and sewerage, it provides the best current opportunity for councils to take control of the agenda and continue to manage these essential services in the interests of their communities. Dave Cameron qldwater - The Queensland Water Directorate T: (07) 3632 6854 M: 0407 761 991 W: www.qldwater.com.au

Budget Scorecard 2017-18 State Budget + $400 million for Queensland councils Works for Queensland For details, visit lgaq.asn.au

Indigenous SGFA

Indigenous Infrastructure

Road Funding

Environment

Infrastructure Planning

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

meet the team ROB FEARON | Director, Innovation Partnerships rfearon@qldwater.com.au Rob commenced with qldwater in 2006 as CEO and is currently the Director, Innovation Partnerships. Rob’s current major project focus is the Queensland Water Regional Alliances Program and he has also recently undertaken significant work on the industry led Code of Practice for Pumping Stations and Networks. Rob has over eighteen years of experience in water industry roles across Local, State and Commonwealth Governments. MICHELLE HILL | Manager, Skills and Strategy mhill@qldwater.com.au Michelle commenced with qldwater in 2010 and is responsible for managing the Queensland Water Skills Partnership program and industry capacity building projects as well as other strategic projects that emerge. Prior to her role at qldwater Michelle held a number of roles in Business Systems, Training and Industrial Relations in the non-profit sector. DAVID SCHELTINGA | Manager, SWIM dscheltinga@qldwater.com.au David commenced with qldwater in 2011 and is responsible for managing the State-wide Water Information Management (SWIM) program. David has worked on indicators and assessment frameworks at local, State and national levels for over 15 years and has vast experience with running training sessions and workshops. He currently works remotely from Hervey Bay. DESIRÉ GRALTON | Manager, Communications dgralton@qldwater.com.au Desiré has over fifteen years’ experience in Public Relations and Communications with a particular focus on community engagement and corporate publications. Desiré commenced with qldwater in 2011 and works part-time managing qldwater’s website, communications such as newsletters and promotional materials and assisting with event planning and other projects. HEATHER GOLD | Project Assistant hgold@qldwater.com.au Heather manages qldwater Member Services and stakeholder engagement. She also coordinates conferences and manages events and industry communications including website management. Heather comes from a background in hotel management and project management in real estate and has been with the Queensland Water Directorate since 2006. RYAN COSGROVE | Project Coordinator and Researcher rcosgrove@qldwater.com.au Ryan is qldwater’s newest employee commencing in May 2017 as a project coordinator and researcher. Ryan’s currently undertaking a major research project for the Queensland Water Regional Alliance Program and the administration of the South-East Queensland water design and construction code. Prior to joining qldwater Ryan worked within the fast-moving consumer goods industry. Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

2017 qldwater Operator of the Year Awards

WATER ARTICLE

The qldwater Operator of the Year Awards recognise the efforts of those who play a crucial role in keeping drinking water safe and wastewater collected and treated efficiently. Established in 2010 by qldwater in conjunction with the Water Industry Operators Association of Australia (WIOA), these awards recognise the achievements of operational staff employed in the Queensland water industry. The awards aim to encourage outstanding operational performance of Queensland water industry employees and will be presented to operators who showed excellent performance, initiative and all round attention to detail.

the water industry. Armed with a Cert IV in Water Operations and a Cert IV in Business Frontline Management, Glenn has significantly improved work culture among operators in his team, implemented an improved sampling regime at all wastewater treatment plants and overhauled a number of workplace health and safety requirements in his workplace.

(pictured with Dave Cameron) walked away with the 2017 Young Operator of the Year Award. Harry jumped at the opportunity to become a full time Assistant Operator and after completing his Cert III in Water Treatment Operations, requested to complete extra modules based on Wastewater treatment which will set him up for Cert IV Diploma and Certification in the future. His technical skills allowed him to operate and optimise a new Water Treatment Plant fitted with the latest technology.

The award winners were announced at the WIOA Queensland Water Industry Operations Conference and Exhibition held in Logan on 7 - 8 June 2017. Operator of the Year The 2017 Operator of the Year (Civil/Allrounder) has worked for many utilities around Australia. Glenn Cook from Gladstone Regional Council (pictured with qldwater CEO Dave Cameron) has a passion for learning, achieving a raft of qualifications since joining

qldwater Operator of the Year, Glenn Cook, Overseer - Process Operations, Gladstone Regional Council

Young Operator of the Year Starting as an industry trainee three years ago, Harry Coleman from Toowoomba Regional Council

qldwater Young Operator of the Year, Harry Coleman, Assistant Water & Wastewater Operator, Toowoomba Regional Council

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Special Commendation A special commendation went to Andrew Watson from South Burnett Regional Council (pictured with Dave Cameron). Described as a valuable mentor who goes above and beyond in the operation of treatment facilities throughout the region, Andrew has been instrumental in the successful construction and commissioning new Water Treatment and Wastewater Treatment Plants in Kingaroy.

qldwater is the central advisory and advocacy body within Queensland’s urban water industry. It is a collaborative hub, working with its members to provide safe, secure and sustainable urban water services to Queensland communities. High Commendation to Andrew Watson, Senior Treatment Plant Operator, South Burnett Regional Council.

For more information visit www.qldwater.com.au or contact qldwater on 07 3632 6854 or enquiry@qldwater.com.au.

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 Sewerage  Quality Assurance  Management  Mapping  Modelling

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To find out how we might be able to assist you in your recruitment and staffing needs please contact LO-GO Appointments on (07) 5477 5433. www.logoapp.com.au

Email: qld@logoapp.com.au

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Local Government Appointments Queensland

WATER FORMS THE BASIS OF SMART CITIES

WATER ARTICLE

Ian Johnson Project Manager Demand Management, Cairns Regional Council In June 2017 Cairns Regional Council (CRC) made a $20 million commitment to the rollout of smart water meters, intelligent water networking and demand management programs in an effort to bring its water infrastructure in line with a smart city approach to ensure improved service delivery, environmental sustainability and improvements to town planning and design. Most of this investment - almost $16 million – involves the rollout of 55,000 water meters, an IoT communications network and meter data management software. The rise and rise of Smart Meters While smart meters have become commonplace for energy utilities, the water industry is now playing catch-up and according to CRC Project Manager Demand Management, Ian Johnson, water utilities have a distinct advantage because critical water infrastructure is mostly owned and managed by Council. “With increasing populations

(and therefore increased water demand), it is important for water utilities to harness the technology that will allow it to manage this precious resource, and the energy used to transport it, effectively. This investment in water infrastructure will provide a backbone for a smart water approach designed to gather meaningful and actionable data about the flow, pressure and distribution of water and lead to better forecasting and planning.” According to Mr Johnson, smart water services will enable increased efficiency of irrigation networks and reuse of water, allow for deferred investment in water infrastructure and optimisation in pipe renewal, as well as preserve resources (energy and water) by enhancing leakage management and enabling demand response programs. In 2015, research carried out by WSAA showed 80 per cent of respondents (larger utilities) in Australia are actively pursuing smart metering or intelligent water networks with 66% having projects underway or starting in the next 12 months. In the report, utilities that rolled out large-scale smart metering projects (like Mackay Regional Council) remained largely on track with their business case driver outcomes and

reported ongoing water demand reductions (greater than 10 per cent reduction in residential demand), long-term CAPEX savings (deferring augmentation of networks and associated capital expenditure net present value savings) and excellent customer service improvements (significant reductions in customer complaints). Drivers behind fully intelligent water networks The drivers for a smart water project differ among utilities. Price of water is one important aspect, however this is not the case in Cairns where water consumption costs are $1.17 per KL as against prices in South East Queensland of $3.11 to $3.83 per KL. In the latter case the cost of non-revenue water will be an important driver. As with many cities worldwide however, the driver for Cairns was the identification that projected demand will exceed existing capacity. As with Mackay, CRC has a requirement to defer infrastructure for alternative water sources through judicious water demand management of which the smart water meter project is a major component. According to General Manager of CRC Water, Graham O’Byrne, this investment is the commencement

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

of Cairns progressing towards a fully Intelligent Water Network. “Our intention is to work with the successful contractor, Itron Australasia, to ensure that we lead the way in this area. The smart devices will allow individuals to access real-time water use data to better manage how they are using water and to quickly detect leaks on their property.” “CRC is also taking into consideration other council based operations which may benefit from this project, providing the value-added customer service improvements.” The Process: In recognition of the importance of community participation in the development of the Water Security Strategy, CRC established a Water Security Advisory Group (WSAG) which, over twelve months, considered technical reports detailing the current water supply chain, possible alternatives, supply enhancements and the implications of each option for the community. The smart water meter program is the result of a recommendation included in the Cairns Water Security Strategy (CWSS), which was endorsed by Council in September 2015 and recommended a suite of supply and demand actions. The CWSS included a short term imperative to implement smart meters that will provide real time water consumption data with consequential operational benefits and water savings. An EOI process in 2016 allowed the council to evaluate all of the available types of automated meter infrastructure systems. Following this, four vendors were selected for

an RFT that allowed CRC to develop a comprehensive business case. Although this was a long process, it was designed to give the utility the best current solution providing an outcome that meets the local communities’ expectations and drivers for smart metering. Choosing the Right Meter Today’s software is only as good as the data it relies on, and that’s where the quality of the water meter comes in. Some may consider water meters to be a commodity with a regular mechanical meter costing $40 on average. However, for Cairns, the business case demonstrated that investing in highly accurate and long-lasting solid-state meters would add value to the total metering system, driving revenues and helping to ensure the reliability of the decisionmaking information provided by the metering software. Installing solid state meters could cost up to $250 per home, however CRC carried out extensive research into the science and economics behind

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

the movement to solid state meters throughout North America and Europe in making its decision. Many utilities throughout Australia continue to trial such installations. Despite these high initial costs, solid state meters have a number of benefits that could make it a more valuable proposition. These include:  Solid state metering technologies have zero or few moving parts, which means fewer individual components to maintain, less wear and tear and overall a longer, more accurate service life;  There is a lower total cost of ownership including the cost to install, operate and maintain meters;  Solid state meters capture more flow for more revenue, providing a faster return on investment than with legacy technologies.  Solid state meters have little

effect on water pressure, and therefore reduce head loss. By reducing pressure loss relative to traditional meters, less energy is required to achieve acceptable water pressure at customer premises. This means less pumping, more accurate infrastructure design and ultimately lower electricity bills and capital budgets. How long do they last? The latest literature on water meter replacement does not recommend and age for water meter replacement. Water meter life expectancy, as given by manufacturers, typically offers the estimated time the water meter can function rather than including an analysis of the progressive

decay of the meter’s recording capabilities. The tremendous variation in conditions that water meters are exposed to in different parts of the world - ranging from chemical composition of the water and variation of temperature and humidity - prevents any universal study on the decay of water meter recording capability to be successful. Therefore, the analysis has to focus on zones or districts with identical conditions. In Cairns, current replacement of mechanical meters based on local testing resulted in a seven-year replacement policy. Test results consistently prove that mechanical water meter recording capability diminishes over time. This finding is heightened when

the meter operates at a low intensity flow. CRC’s driver to reduce demand therefore plays an important role in the choice of meter. The inherent drawback of mechanical water meters is that a minimum water flow is needed to turn the meter’s rotor, which has a basic resistance that must be overcome. This limits the bottom end of accuracy to about two-litre per minute, or several hundred litres per day. A main cause of low flow rates that will result in even new meters under-registering is leakage on consumers’ properties with up to almost 15% of domestic water consumption occurring at flows below 36 L/hr. On-site leaks may be widespread and typically

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

cause continuous low flow rates in the low accuracy range of water meters. Studies have concluded that 42% of the dwellings measured had some kind of leak and recent information from elsewhere in Australia support these sorts of results. The results of some studies showed a strong linear relationship between meter age and underregistration with an increase in meter under-registration of 0.36% of consumption per year. If this is combined with the result of an average meter age of 10 years, the average meter underregistration error due to aging can now be estimated as 2.6% of consumption. Other studies have shown loss from low readings can vary up to 4% with an annualised rate of 3% resulting from wear and tear. Cairns Regional Council business case modelling showed neutral NPV over 20 years using conservative 1% low flow and 0.5% annualised rate for wear

and tear. This result will be of interest to other utilities as water consumption costs in CRC are a very low $1.17 per KL. The costs for non-revenue water and leaks not captured by meters are socialized to all customers and result in higher rates and more frequent rate increases. By installing solid state meters and sensors, it is intended that both the utility and the customer will be empowered with the information they need to improve efficiency and repair leaks earlier. As a result, the use of solid state ultrasonic water meters is the major differentiator between the Cairns and Mackay smart meter programs. Choice of IoT communications platform The current range of technologies increase daily: NB IoT, LTE Cat M1, WiSUN, MBus, ZigBee, 2G/3G/4G cellular, SigFox and LoRaWAN to name the main players. There is a plethora of information available

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

with much of it “smoke and mirrors”. To come to a decision on which system to utilise, each organisation must look at their requirements, the drivers as discussed above and future developments. When a utility looks at these submissions they must ask the following questions:  We have chosen meters with whole of life a major consideration; does the battery and IoT system support this?  What is the warranty life offered over the battery, meter and interface device?  When we replace the meter do we need to replace the communications interface?  Do we want the communications infrastructure owned by a third party?  What are the OPEX costs involved over the whole of life?

 Should we deal with one entity or several across the project?  Can the communication network be utilised for additional purposes within the organisation? CRC, in considering these questions, was cognisant of the fact that selection of communications network be governed by the choice of solid state water meters. The reason for this is that meters with installation and communications interface formed 94% of the CAPEX cost of the entire project; the communications and meter data management software including billing interface and customer portal comprising the remaining 6%. Due to the driver of increased population and deferment of infrastructure CRC could not afford to wait and see which of the newer technologies would in future meet requirements. Those meter manufacturers approached were not willing to give other than short term warranties on their products and especially the battery life for these newer technologies in spite of the IoT promoters claims of long battery life. This had a big influence in choice of the Advanced Metering Infrastructure. Big Data and Analytics At a very basic level, Big Data just means we have a lot of data. Water utilities see data from supervisory control and data acquisition (SCADA) systems, including flow statistics, online monitoring, dissolved oxygen (DO) measurements, and air flows, as well as data from laboratory information management systems (LIMS) and computerised maintenance management systems (CMMS). With the addition of an AMI system, once

rollout is completed, CRC will have 480 Million additional meter reads each year. There is a requirement for a meter data management (MDM) system to which analytics modules can easily be added allowing creation of actionable intelligence from the smart metering data. The ability to include data from other sources such as SCADA and overlay onto the geospatial network is important and ensures a powerful tool for a range of water planning, engineering and customer response decisions including leak management. According to a report by West Monroe Partners, about 35% of US water utilities have adopted automated metering systems, yet of those utilities, only 45% state they’ve implemented some form of analytics. This appears to waste a vast amount of information that will increase effectiveness of water network management. Predictive analytics forms the next stage of CRC implementation to achieve an Intelligent Water Network. Customer Service Portal Throughout North America and Europe there has been a move from asset-centric to customercentric approaches to water demand management. Once setup is complete, customers will have access to a web portal to monitor their own consumption with data showing reads for the past year on a monthly basis, the last 30 days on a daily basis, and any 24 hours on an hourly basis. Customer engagement will include potential leak alerts, higher than average water usage alerts and water saving recommendations. To support the roll-out and provide feedback as to the success

of the program, qualitative and quantitative surveys will be undertaken before and after Phase One of the rollout. This will establish residential perceptions of demand management programs with emphasis on smart water metering and behaviour change as a result of the incorporation and feedback from smart water meters. This program will be carried out by Enhance Research. Where to after this? The choice of communications platform has the advantage of two-way communication which can be integrated into other smart water and city programs. In CRC, the smart water meter project is already resulting in significant impacts on the council’s future strategies for irrigation of parks, sports fields and reserves. It is envisaged that the replaced mechanical meters from the smart water meter program will enhance irrigation management by being used for sub-metering of irrigation zones. Data will be transferred to the cloud on a daily basis and control of cut-off valves incorporated into the system. Flow data will be integrated with information currently collected by monitoring soil, weather, flora, environmental and hydraulic conditions through field sensors. This will provide a user-friendly interface that melds the data to present a clear, real-time view of irrigation status. This will feature easy-to-use tools, including a dynamic dashboard, decision support system (DSS) graphic tool, dynamic map, and navigation panel with online information and easy access to any irrigation device. Once again, a terrific water management solution with input across CRC departments.

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

ACCESSING THE KNOWLEDGE CENTRE

KNOWLEDGE CENTRE

Mark Lamont, Information Resources Manager

to understand its structure, and master its searching procedures.

I’d like to follow up my last article on ‘why we need a knowledge centre’ with a more practical description of the collections within it, and a few suggestions for some of the ways in which the information they contain can be used. It is probably worth a quick reminder of how we have structured the site so that it is clear what is meant by the vocabulary I will be using here.

We have made the majority, well over ninety percent, of the information contained within the Knowledge Centre freely available to all our members. There are a small number of collections which are restricted to subscribers, such as the Standard Drawings Community and the IPWEAQ State Conference Podcast collections; and others that are restricted for reasons of privacy protection, such as the Governance community which houses all IPWEAQ governance documentation and materials.

The grouping categories have the ‘Community’ as the top-level entry point. That category can be divided into ‘Sub-Communities’, and they in turn are divided into ‘Collections’, which are the smallest group and the one that holds specific documents, mp3s, etc. Not all of these categories are utilized for filing all documents. Some Communities for example, are divided directly into collections, skipping the middle step of Sub-Communities. The cataloguing procedure adopted is determined by the material being filed and the guiding principle of easy-access for users. That all sounds more complicated than it is in practice, and a little interaction with the site is all that is needed

The Conferences Community holds the most recent State Conference, and the latest Branch Conference from each of our four regions. These collections contain podcast presentations from these conferences, and the PowerPoint presentations which accompanied them. They also have miscellany such as the conference program and a set of photographs taken during proceedings. If you look within these collections of conferences you attended, there is every chance you may find a photograph of yourself up in the Knowledge Centre. Among the other Communities is one devoted to the Engineering

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

for Public Works Journal. You can either access entire individual issues, or go to the collection which houses only the feature articles from each issue, if that is where your interests lie. Similarly, there are collections dedicated to IPWEAQ Reports that have the annual, President’s, CEO’s and Branch Presidents reports within them. There is a collection of media releases and articles of relevance to public works engineers, and another with a more academic and technical focus, containing peer reviewed papers from respected engineering journals. All of these are readily accessible as part of the IPWEAQ membership package. Recent additions to the Knowledge Centre have been a Branch Resources Community. This one is still very much in development, but the collections within it include materials from earlier branch conferences and articles and presentations on topics of immediate relevance to each region, including newspaper articles from prominent local media outlets. To take a random example, the North Queensland Branch collections have presentations given at both its own conferences and some from conferences elsewhere that address engineering

projects undertaken in the North Queensland branch area. There is also articles of relevance from the local newspapers within those regional centres. Other collections which are being developed include ones associated with all things ADAC and one that contains papers and documents relevant to BIM. These collections are already accessible, but will continue to be expanded and refined in the near future. There is much more to be found

within the Knowledge Centre, and the best way to see what’s there is to pay a visit. Individual items can be accessed by browsing through the site and finding items of interest, or by using the search facility provided, which will take you directly to files by author, title or subject enquiries. The Knowledge Centre was created very much with an engineering community focus and as a site of shared knowledge and information. Accordingly, we encourage any ideas from

members and affiliates for future development, or any suggestions for improving the collections already in operation by adding articles or papers which we may have overlooked. It is a constantly evolving repository that depends on the expertise of its users to keep it relevant and up-to-date. Any comments or reflections on the site from its users are therefore most welcome, and can be forwarded to me at Mark. Lamont@ipweaq.com.

IPWEAQ Knowledge Centre The new IPWEAQ Knowledge Centre is an essential resource for anyone involved in public works in Queensland. The Centre is fully searchable by title, speaker/author, subject, keyword, event or date. Resources available in the Knowledge Centre include: 1. Podcasts of state and branch conferences (accessible only to paid conference delegates or conference proceedings subscribers). The podcasts are accompanied by the presenters’ PowerPoint presentation

so you can follow the presentation while listening to the podcast. 2. Podcasts with accompanying video of all other IPWEAQ events 3. Papers submitted for state and branch conferences 4. Articles published in our quarterly e-journal, Engineering for Public Works 5. Articles of relevance to Queensland practitioners sourced by our Information Resources Manager from other states/territories and internationally. 6. IPWEAQ technical publications including Standard Drawings

(accessible only to subscribers) 7. Podcasts of interviews of delegates taken at state and branch conferences 8. Photos of delegates taken at state and branch conferences The Knowledge Centre is only accessible to IPWEAQ members. Conference podcasts/videos are only accessible to paid conference delegates. Technical publications are only accessible to subscribers of our technical products.

Join IPWEAQ today to access this vital resource for the public works sector in Queensland.

  

www.ipweaq.com

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

INFORMS. CONNECTS. REPRESENTS. LEADS.

2017-2018 IPWEAQ

CONFERENCE GRAND SLAM QLDWATER ANNUAL FORUM, ‘no pain, no gain’

6-7 6-7

WESTERN ROADS SYMPOSIUM LONGREACH

September 2017

In partnership with the Longreach Regional Council and TMR

BRISBANE STATE CONFERENCE TOWNSVILLE

‘sustainability through inspired leadership and community engagement ’.

NQ BRANCH CONFERENCE CAIRNS In partnership with the Cairns Regional Council

SEQ BRANCH TECHNICAL SERIES COMMENCING JULY 2017

15-16

24-26

October 2017

SWQ BRANCH CONFERENCE GOONDIWINDI

March 2018

In partnership with the Goondiwindi Regional Council

14-16 18-20

CQ BRANCH CONFERENCE BARCALDINE

June 2018

April 2018

In partnership with George Bourne & Associates

 Attend any five events to be in the running for the

2017-2018 GRAND SLAM AWARD

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Steel Mains has a long and distinguished history with IPWEAQ and its members delivering lasting critical water infrastructure to our communities. I’m grateful to the support of Steel Mains enabling me to attend IPWEAQ conferences.  Greg Kennedy Regional Sales Manager Steel Mains Pty Ltd Winner 2016-2017 Grand Slam award

CQ Branch President’s Report The 2017 CQ Tech Forum is shaping up to be another great event. This year, we’re kicking off (pardon the pun) with barefoot bowls Thursday afternoon, 23 November at the Rockhampton Bowls Club, Victoria Parade. This will be followed by the welcome function and BBQ sponsored by our loyal supporters, McMurtrie. We are pleased to have Hastings Deering as our hosts again this year with a full technical program all day Friday. Saturday morning will offer an opportunity for those who might not have fared well in the ‘social’ bowls to recover some pride in the golf. Please save the date now for 23-25 November to be sure you have an opportunity to attend a valuable networking opportunity and earn up to six CPD hours. We also extend an invitation to colleagues from other IPWEAQ branches who may be in CQ at the time. A Call for Papers has been issued. If you missed it and would like to present a paper, please contact Phil McKone with copy to myself and Celisa. Contact details are on the CQ Branch page on the website. And please take a moment to consider the ten reasons why you should present a paper at an IPWEAQ event. The biennial call for nominations for branch committees has been concluded and we are pleased to have two new members joining the CQ Branch committee: Ashleigh

Tomkins and Phil McKone. Celisa Faulkner will step into the role of CQ Branch President – our first female branch president – effective from the AGM in October. Your incoming branch committee, which has already started working for you is:  Celisa Faulkner, Gladstone Regional Council (CQ Branch President)  Lorna Oliver, TMR (Professional Development portfolio)  Phil McKone, Livingstone Shire Council (Events portfolio)  Ashleigh Tomkins, Gladstone Regional Council (YIPWEAQ, Excellence Awards)  Murray Donald, Civil Engineering advisor I would also like to thank our outgoing committee members, Michael Prior, Stephen Mow and Paul Keech for their valuable contribution to our branch for the past two years. If you have any ideas on events, technical products or services that would improve your membership experience, assist you in your career or enhance your level of expertise, please do not hesitate to contact any of us – your committee members, myself or our friendly staff in the Brisbane office. We have a unique organisation with a strong sense of community and we would like to ensure we are providing you with all the resources and networking opportunities you may need.

This edition of Engineering for Public Works is my last as your branch president as I will be stepping into the role of IPWEAQ Vice President effective from the AGM in October. IPWEAQ has rolled out a number of new initiatives over the last couple of years and I am especially pleased with the new Knowledge Centre which developed from a suggestion from the CQ Branch committee. The Knowledge Centre has rapidly become a valuable resource for our sector with approximately 1,200 visits since it was launched in April. This is a perfect example of the vital role of our branch committees which come up with the ideas for our staff in Brisbane to then develop and implement for you. And I would like to take this opportunity to thank Leigh, Dave and our IPWEAQ and qldwater teams for their contribution to the growth of our institute and the sector. I have thoroughly enjoyed my time as your branch president and look forward to contributing further as your Vice President. I encourage you to get involved whether it is on technical working groups, branch committees or attending events where you can share your experiences with others. I look forward to seeing you at the state conference in Townsville, 2426 October which is shaping up to be another great event. Craig Murrell CQ Branch President

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

NQ B r a nc h P r e s i d e nt ’s R e p ort By now, all our hard working engineers would have had their capital works and maintenance program budgets signed off by their respective councils/boards and are now beavering away at the fun stuff – designing, building and maintaining infrastructure for our communities. While we all love building the ‘shiny new things’ (as do our politicians!), we also need to remain focussed on the renewal of our everincreasing and ever-aging asset base. As engineers, we need to be more adept at collecting and using asset data to better inform decision making in our resource-strapped environment. Our own IPWEAQ water directorate, qldwater is working on an infrastructure cliff project in conjunction with LGAQ to collate and analyse existing asset information and data (and identify gaps) with a focus on buried infrastructure. A high-level assessment of the scale and timing of the infrastructure deficit, if it is to occur, will be undertaken and the gathered data will inform modelling to examine the issue across regional Queensland. The results will inform advocacy and planning. I am very pleased to announce our incoming NQ Branch committee who will take office following the AGM in Townsville, 26 October 2017. We received an unprecedented number of nominations (eight) for four

positions however our expanded branch committee has been endorsed by the IPWEAQ Board. We welcome those who wish to make a contribution to our community: NQ Branch committee (2017-2019)  Glenda Kirk, Mareeba Shire Council (Vice-President)  Natasha Murray, Cairns Regional Council (NAMS-Q)  Sandra Burke, TMR  Hari Boppudi, Flinders Shire Council  Amelia Marshall, Townsville City Council  Danny Lynch, Townsville City Council  Neil Allen, Endgame Projects  Bill Cuthbertson, WTC Consulting I would like to take this opportunity to thank our outgoing branch committee member, James Stewart (Hinchinbrook Shire Council) who played a valuable role in the organisation of our successful branch conference in Lucinda last year. Planning is underway for our NQ Branch conference to be held in Cairns, 18-20 April 2018. A Call for Papers will be issued in December however if you are interested in presenting a paper, please contact Amanda Mikeleit or Craig Moss at your earliest convenience. And please take a moment to consider

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

the ten reasons why you should present a paper at an IPWEAQ event. We have two Managing Risks on Lower Order Roads courses in the north this month: Townsville on 25 September and Cairns on 26 September. A copy of the Lower Order Road Design Guidelines are included for participants. Please be sure register early online. Next up though is the state conference to be held in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017. Please be sure to register early for another excellent opportunity to gain valuable CPD hours and to network with your peers from across the state. Last year, the state conference began with the hugely successful IPWEAQ Bingo and we have another unique networking opportunity for you this year at the welcome function at the Watermark Townsville. The final session of the conference this year – The Great Debate is ‘smart cities are not that smart’ and I’ll be arguing for the affirmative team. We have a strong sense of community at IPWEAQ which is obvious when we gather each year at the premier event for those working in the public works sector in Queensland. I look forward to welcoming you as we host our colleagues from across the state. Bruce Gardiner NQ Branch President

SEQ Branch President’s Report This is my first SEQ Branch President’s report having taken on the role from Murray Erbs who was in the position for the past four years. Murray retired from on 1 July 2017 to become the new IPWEA NAMS Chair following the retirement of Peter Way PSM after 12 years in the role. On behalf of the SEQ Branch, I wish Murray well in his new role and we wish Peter the best for his retirement although we’re sure Peter will remain connected with us. I am very excited about our incoming SEQ Branch committee with five new faces including three women and three Young IPWEAQ (YIPWEAQ) members. Like the NQ Branch, we received an unprecedented number of nominations (seven) for four positions and have expanded our branch committee accordingly. I’d like to welcome the following members to the SEQ Branch committee and to their respective portfolios:  Gleb Kolenbet, Redland City Council (Vice President, Key Contacts, Events, Membership)  Craig Young, Sunshine Coast Council (NAMS-Q, Membership)  Jessica Kahl, Aurecon (YIPWEAQ)  Sophia Andary, Ipswich City Council (YIPWEAQ)

 Weena Lokuge, University of Southern Queensland (Knowledge Centre & Journal)  Casey Lee, Logan City Council (Excellence Awards & Professional Development)  Michael Pattinson, Logan City Council I am very excited about what your SEQ Branch committee will achieve over the next two years. We plan to forge a new path and establish a more dynamic and engaging branch in the south-east corner. We will also be proactively engaging with industry to ensure we are all working collaboratively towards a common goal. We also look forward to working with other IPWEAQ branches across portfolios to share ideas and initiatives. No matter where you work or live, you will have noticed a lot happening with regard to smart cities, new technology including drones, driverless cars, smart mobility and transport, electric cars and recharge stations, smart lighting, smart recycling, smart collections, etc. Although it doesn’t end my frustration, and yours either I expect, sitting at a traffic light waiting for red to turn green when there are no other cars in proximity. But the good news is you might have a WIFI or LIFI available at the lights to enjoy your time (although I am not recommending you use your smart phone while driving!)

The first in a series of SEQ Technical Days was launched in Caloundra late August with the ‘Smart City, Smart Street and Living Lab Tour’ which proved to be very successful event for both delegates and Partners/ exhibitors. There was plenty of discussion generated throughout the day which is a key objective of these events (as opposed to inactive listening to a speaker at a conference). Our thanks to the Sunshine Coast Council for hosting this inaugural initiative. Andrew Ryan, Director Infrastructure Services, Sunshine Coast Council and incoming IPWEAQ Board member, will join the negative team (arguing that smart cities are smart) for the Great Debate at the state conference in Townsville, 24-26 October 2017. It should be an interesting debate. When smart is no longer smart enough and when digital technology is not digital enough, I wonder what will be our way forward to becoming event smarter. I look forward to considering this with you at the conference in Townsville and encourage our SEQ Branch members to join us in the tropical north. Raad Jarjees SEQ Branch President

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

S W q b r a nc h p r e s i d e nt ’s R e p or t At the state conference in Townsville in October, I will be chairing the inaugural meeting of the NAMS-Q Advisory Group which comprises the following members:  Joe Bannan, IPWEAQ President, Brisbane City Council  Murray Erbs, IPWEA NAMS Chair  Phil McKone, Livingstone Shire Council (CQ Branch representative)  Kylie Munn, GHD (SWQ Branch representative)  Natasha Murray, Cairns Regional Council (NQ Branch representative)  Craig Young, Sunshine Coast Council (SEQ Branch representative)  Mark de Hayr, MDEH Services  Justin Fischer, Cassowary Coast Regional Council  John Keen, Lockyer Valley Regional Council

The aim of the Group is to provide leadership and advocacy in the sustainable management of public works infrastructure, community assets and services across Queensland. And given the recent reports from the Queensland Audit Office (QAO), the importance of asset management in the longterm sustainability of local councils is gaining the attention it deserves. At a branch level, I will be stepping down as the SWQ Branch President effective from the AGM in Townsville in October and I wish Angela Fry well as she steps into the role. I’d like to take this opportunity to thank the various branch committee members I’ve had the pleasure of working with for the past four years, with a special mention to Matt Sullivan, who was a great Vice President and Treasury. I hope to see a strong contingent from the SWQ Branch in Townsville at the state conference and excellence awards ceremony. Last year, SWQ Branch councils did exceptionally well

with some of the top project and people awards and we’re hoping for a good result again this year. We’ll celebrate in typical SWQ Branch style so don’t miss it! As soon as the state conference is concluded, attention will turn to our conference to be held in Goondiwindi, 15-16 March 2018. A Call for Papers will be issued in November and I encourage members to submit an abstract for the program. Please also share your ideas for speakers, workshops etc. There are a number of benefits to you personally and professionally in preparing and presenting papers at our conferences for example, writing an abstract (up to 500 words) helps you develop the necessary skills to write concisely for your key stakeholders. See you in Townsville, 24-26 October! Stephen Hegedus SWQ Branch President

Our members enjoy a

strong sense of community through our proactive branch network.

SOUTH WEST QUEENSLAND BRANCH

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

PREDICTING THE FAILURE OF TIMBER BRIDGES BY USING CURRENT INSPECTION REPORTS

ACADEMIC ARTICLE

Weena Lokuge, Senior Lecturer, Centre for Future Materials, School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, USQ Matthew Wilson, Honours Student, Centre for Future Materials, School of Civil Engineering and Surveying, USQ Huu Tran, Research Fellow, School of Engineering, RMIT University Sujeeva Setunge, Professor, School of Engineering, RMIT University There is a large timber bridge stock in service within Australia and currently over 300 timber bridges on Queensland state controlled roads. Majority of these timber bridges are in the latter half of their service life and require constant maintenance as the timber components deteriorate over time. Detailed level 2 inspections are performed as part of the bridge management systems used by road authorities. This

paper discusses a simple method to use an inspection report to predict the chance of the failure of the bridge in a given number of years. Although the Markov process adopted in this research was based on inspection reports for several timber bridges for three time periods, it can further be refined using a data base of inspections for many time periods and environmental conditions. The proposed method is demonstrated using an inspection report for a hypothetical timber bridge. Introduction There is a significant number of timber bridges still in service in the road and rail network of Australia. Timber bridges are relatively economical in terms of the associated costs as well as the construction time (Crawford 2014), which allowed for the rapid expansion of Australia’s nascent road and rail net-works. The short-term benefits of timber such as low cost, availability and ease of construction were the dominant factors influencing early decision makers. It is important to recognize the contribution provided by timber bridges in the rapid social and economic

expansion of Australia. However, timber bridges have a shorter design life than concrete or steel bridges, and require more inservice maintenance. They were never intended to handle present day traffic volumes and loads. However, the popularity of timber in the past has left behind a legacy of ongoing maintenance, rehabilitation and eventual replacement of Australia’s timber bridge stock assets (Ranjith, Setunge et al. 2013). Slow rates of replacement mean there will be a requirement to keep timber bridges in service for decades to come. This requirement is a huge challenge to transportation authorities, who need to minimize the cost of inspecting and maintaining timber bridges, while planning future rehabilitation and replacement programs. In 2005, there were approximately 500 timber bridges in services on state con-trolled roads in Queensland. The mean age of timber bridges is approximately 60 years and at current rates of replacement, some of these bridges will need to remain in service for the next 30 to 40 years. All timber truss-type bridges have been removed from service on the

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Queensland state controlled road network. The remaining timber bridges are mostly timber girder bridges which typically include timber piles, headstocks, corbels, girders and decks, although sometimes steel or concrete components are substituted. Early diagnosis of possible deterioration scenarios will be useful for formulating an effective asset management strategy. Thus, infrastructure managers from many road authorities and councils across Australia need predictive deterioration models for condition assessment to optimize the repair and maintenance management process over the life cycle of a given timber bridge. This paper outlines the conditionbased reliability analysis to provide the predicted probability of future conditions for key components of timber bridges. The reliability analysis is based on the use of discrete Markov chain process for modelling the deteriorated condition change of timber bridge components. The predicted probability of future failure of the timber bridge is then evaluated by using a fault tree analysis on timber bridge components and their predicted probabilities (Lokuge, Gamage et al. 2016). The outcomes of this study can help focusing routine inspection and maintenance on timber bridge components with high likelihood of failure and help conducting risk assessment for network of timber bridges. Probability of failure of each element Timber bridge inspection reports from a regional council were used to assess the deterioration and to predict the probability of failure of each element in the bridge. The inspection reports of

timber bridges are conducted by visual inspection and provide the condition rating from 1 (best) to 4 (worst) for each timber element for each inspection report. This is a common cost-effective practice used by bridge management agencies across Australia as per a survey (Sonnenberg 2014). The condition rating is based on a combination of different structural defects listed in the inspection manual and thus is considered to provide an overall and snapshot condition of timber element. However, the condition rating has not been related to the load rating of timber bridge as a whole structure, which is a very important factor for maintenance and rehabilitation decision. Furthermore, the deterioration mechanisms such as cracking and decaying causing structural defects are not the focus of the visual inspections and condition ratings. The interest in utilizing the inspection data and condition rating for predicting failure probability to support the costeffective management strategy regarding maintenance timing and prioritised action is high among bridge agencies. In utilizing the inspection data, the notion of ‘failure’ of bridge and its element might not be an actual or imminent event but is rather used as ‘in danger’ or ‘at risk’ that requires maintenance action. In this sense, the condition 3 or 4 can be assumed as the failure condition. This study is based on a collection and analysis of inspection reports for timber bridges in a region in Queensland (Wilson 2016). Use of the collected inspection reports were limited by the following:  Whenever a timber element is rehabilitated or replaced by a

Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

new material, this element is ignored.  If a bridge does not have inspection reports for at least two time periods, then this data is also ignored. Time period considered was 2001, 2003 and 2006 and the data were analysed for 2 and 3 years which demonstrates the deterioration of each element. The Markov chain process was commonly used to model the condition rating data for understanding the deterioration rate (i.e. rate of condition change) and for determining the probability of condition state movement for each element in a timber bridge. One important property of the Markov model is that the history of deterioration process is accumulated and captured as the last inspection and future prediction can be based only on the last inspection information. This is very well suited for snapshot inspection data of timber bridges. Figure 1 shows the scatter plot of condition data versus age (showing the uncertainty of condition change) and the poor fitness of the wellknown linear model and the non-linear model in modelling such random data. Therefore, the stochastic models such as the Markov model is often used.

Figure 1: Scatter plot of condition vs age of timber pile and fitted linear and nonlinear curves

data is not available, the probability of moving to better condition is assigned zero (i.e. P21=0 or Pij=0 if i>j). ⎡0.9933 0.0031 0.0019 0.0017⎤ ⎡0.9866 0.0121 0.0002 0.0011⎤

⎢

⎥

⎢

⎥

0 matrix 0.9668 0.0301 0.0031⎥ by using expert 0 0.9661 .0321 0.0018from The transition M can be estimated opinions or can 0be calibrated the ⎥ 87 M HS = ⎢ M Corbel = ⎢ ⎢ 0 ⎢ 0 observed condition data. Table 1 shows the calibrated transition matrix from the condition data of 0 0.2266 0.7734⎥ 0 0.9802 0.0198⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ each timber 0element. 0 0 1.0 0 0 0 1.0

⎦ Figure 1: Scatter plot of condition vs age of timber ⎣pile and fitted linear and n⎦ on-‐linear ⎣curves For four condition states, the core Table Transition probability matrices (one year) Table 1. 1. Transition probability matrices (one year) ⎡0.8961 0.103 0.0006 0.0001⎤ ⎡0.9869 0.0096 0.0017 0.0018⎤ the Markov model the For four of condition states, the cis ore of sothe Markov model is the 0so-‐called transition robability atrix, 0.0087 0.0008 ⎥0.0004 ⎥ p ⎢ 0 ⎡m .468 0029 0.0532 .00350.0002 0.001 0.9901 ⎡⎢0.9926 ⎤ ⎤ 0 0 . 0.9612 0.0355 0.0033⎥ called transition probability matrix, ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ M M = = ⎢⎢ 0 ⎥ Kerb ⎢ ⎢ 0 ⎥ which can be expressed as follows: Deck 0 . 9826 0 . 005 0 . 0124 0 . 9628 0 . 0251 ⎥ ⎥0.0121 0 0 . 981 0 . 0195 0 0 0 . 9966 0 . 0034 which can be expressed as follows: ⎥ M ⎥ M = ⎢ = ⎢ Pile

⎢

⎥ 00.961 1.0 .039 ⎥

⎢ Girder

0 ⎢

0 0

⎥

1.0 ⎦0.0187⎥ 0 0 0.9813 ⎥ 1.0 ⎦

⎣ ⎦ ⎣ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎡ P11 P12 P13 P14 ⎤ 0 0 1.0 ⎦ 0 0 ⎣ 0 ⎣ 0 ⎢ P P P P ⎥ ⎡0.9571 0.0381 0.0019 0.0029⎤ ⎢ 0 0.9935 0.0031 0.0034⎥⎥ M = ⎢ 21 22 23 24 ⎥ M =0⎡.0⎢0017 . 9933 0 .0031 0.0019 0.0017 ⎤ 0.0121 0.0002 .0121⎤ 0.0002 ⎡0.9866 0.00011 0.9933 0 . 0031 0 . 0019 ⎤ ⎥ ⎢ P31 P32 P⎡33 P34 ⎢ 0 0 0.2349⎡0.09866 .7651⎥ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ ⎢ 0 ⎥ 0.9668 0.0301 ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ 010..0031 .9661⎥ 0.0321 ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ 0 0.00018 0 0 0 ⎦ ⎥ 0 .9661 M HS =0⎢.⎣0031 M Corbel 0=.0321 P42HS = P⎢43 0 P44 ⎦0.9668 0.0301 ⎥ 00M Corbel ⎢ 0.7734 = ⎣ P41 M ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ 0 0 . 2266 0 0 ⎥ 0.9802 ⎥ ⎢ 0 (1) ⎢ 0 0 0.2266 0⎢.7734 0.9802 0.0198⎥ ⎥ 0 ⎢ W &B

0.0011⎤ 0.0018⎥⎥ 0.0198⎥ ⎥ 1.0 ⎦

0 0 ⎢ 1.0 ⎦ 0 ⎥ 0 (1) ⎣ 0 ⎥ ⎣ 0 ⎢ 0 0 0 1.0 ⎦ deterioration 0 0 1.0 ⎦ p⎣robability o0f aas n an eelement The description o f t he t ransition m atrix M i s t hat for 2e sxample, P23 is the Figure hows the curves for pile element xample. in The description of ⎣the transition 0.8961 .103 0step .0006 (often 0.0001⎤1-‐ year interval). ⎡0.9869 0.0096 0.0017 0.0018⎤ CS2 (i.e. matrix condition state moving Ponto CS3 over ⎡a unit 0time M is that for2) example, 23 ⎢ 0 0.00018 ⎢ ⎥ .9612⎤ 0.0355 0.0033⎥⎥ 0 ⎤ 0.468 0.532 0.00020 0.8961 0.103 0.0006 0.⎢0001 0.0017 ⎡0.9869 is the probability of ⎡an element Furthermore, if the current condition is known as condition 2, then there are probabilities to move ⎥ .0096 M Kerb = ⎢ M Deck = ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎢ 0 0.0033 ⎢0002 ⎥ .9612 0.0355 in CS2 (i.e. state 2) 10 (.468 0 ⎥ 0.9966 0.0034⎥ 0 0 0.981 00.01950 0 0 . 532 0 . from condition 2 to condition better condition for a ccounted m aintenance a ction), a nd t o w orse c onditions ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ = ⎢ a unit moving ontoMCS3 Deck over 0 ⎥ 0 1.0 ⎦ 0 ⎥ 0M Kerb =0⎢ 1.0 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0.0034 ⎢and 0 to worst 0 condition 0.981 4 0.⎣0195 0 event). 0If maintenance 0.9966 3 (for gradual deterioration) (for random damage time step (often 1- year ⎢ interval). ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ data is nFurthermore, ot available, the probability better c0.9571 ondition is a0.ssigned ero ⎤(i.e. r Pij=0 01.0002 0.9933 01 0o.0121 0⎡ 0.P9866 .0 ⎦ 0.0011⎤ 21=0 0 if the current ⎣ 0 of m0oving t⎡0o ⎦ 0.00019 ⎣ ⎤ 0 0z.0029 .0381 00017 .0019 ⎡0..0031 ⎥ ⎢ 0⎢.9668 0.9661 0.0321 0.0018⎥⎥ if i>j). condition is known as condition M = ⎢⎢ 0 0 0.00301 .9935 0.00031 .0031 .0034⎥⎥ = ⎢ 0 ⎥ 0M ⎢ HS Corbel M = W ⎥ ⎢ 0 0 0.07734 0 &B 0⎢.0029 00 ⎤0.2266 0 0.9802 0.0198⎥ 2, then there are probabilities ⎡0.9571 0.0381 0⎢.0019 ⎥ . 2349 0 . 7651 ⎢ ⎥ be calibrated ⎥ The transition matrix can ⎢be estimated by using or from to move fromM condition 2 to ⎢ 0 opinions ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ 0 0 0 expert 1.0 can 0 the 0 1.0 ⎦ ⎣.0031 0 0 ⎦ 1.0 ⎦ ⎣ 0 0 0 . 9935 0 0 . 0034 ⎣ ⎢ accounted ⎥ better condition observed condition data. Table 1 shows the calibrated transition matrix from the condition data of M W &B1 =(for ⎢ and ⎥0.0006Figure 0 to 0 0.2349 0.07651 0 . 8961 . 103 0 . 0001 0 . 9869 0 . 0096 0.0017 0.0018⎤ maintenance action), ⎡ ⎤ ⎡ 2 : D eterioration c urves f or p ile e lement each timber element. ⎢ gradual ⎥ ⎢ 0 ⎥ ⎢ 0 worse conditions 3 (for 0 . 468 0 . 532 0 . 0002 0 . 9612 0.0355 0.0033⎥⎥ 0 0 0 1 . 0 ⎣ ⎦ deterioration curves If the current condition of an element is known with certainty [P 01 P02 P03 P04], then the condition of ⎥ for ⎢ ⎢ M Deck = Figure M pKerb 2 shows the ile = element as an example. and to m worst ⎢ s0ame element ⎥ ⎢ 0 the ears can be predicted as follows: 0 in T0 the .y981 0.0195 0 0.9966 0.0034⎥ Table 1. deterioration) Transition probability atrices (one year) Figure 2 shows deterioration (2) ⎢ ⎥ ⎢ ⎥ condition 4 (for random damage 0pile element 0 1.0 0T example 0 1.0 ⎦ ⎣ 0 [PforP curves For if0the calculated P3 P4 ]T = [P01asP⎦an P03 P04 ] ⎣* M 1 2 02 event). data is 0.001 ⎤ 0 .0004 ⎤ (2) 0.0029 0.0035 0 . 9901 0 . 0087 0 . 0008 ⎡0.9926If maintenance ⎡ example. probability matrix for girders at Figure 2probability shows the deterioration c urves f or p ile e lement a s a n e xample. not available, the of 0 . 9571 0 . 0381 0 . 0019 0 . 0029 ⎡ example if the c⎢alculated probability ⎤ matrix for girders ⎢ 0 t T years isis [P1 ⎥ P2 P3 P4 ]T ,, PP1 is is the T ayears the .9826condition 0.005 is 0.0124⎥⎥ For 0 0.0034 0.9628 0.0251 0.0121⎥ 1 ⎢ 0 ⎥ moving to 0 better 0 . 9935 0 . 0031 ⎢ ⎢ probability t hat a g irder w hich i s a t C S1 i n t he c urrent y ear r emains i n C S1 i n T y ears i n t he f uture. probability that is at a girder which M Pile = assigned zero (i.e. P =0 or P =0 ifM W &B = ⎢ M Girder = ⎥ ⎢ 0 ⎥ 0 0 ⎢ 0.2349 21 0.961 ij 0.039 ⎥ ⎢ 0 0 0.76510⎥ 0.9813 0.0187 CS1 in the current year remains in the failure of bridges ⎢ ⎥ i>j). ⎢ ⎥ Predicting ⎥ in the future. 0 0 ⎢ 0 1.0 ⎦ CS1 in T years ⎣ 0 0 1.0 ⎦ The methodology adopted to predict the probability of failure of a timber bridge of interest in the 0 0 1.0 ⎦ ⎣ 0 ⎣ 0 The transition matrix M can current study is the Fault Tree Analysis (FTA). Fault tree for a timber the bridge failure is shown of in Error! Predicting bridges be estimated by using expert Reference source not found.. If either the superstructure or the substructure fails, then the main The methodology adopted to Figure 2 s hows t he d eterioration c urves f or p ile e lement a s a n e xample. catastrophic event happens, ie the bridge failure. Since the superstructure and substructure failure opinions or can be calibrated from predict the probability of failure the observed condition data. Table of a timber bridge of interest in Figure 2: Deterioration curves for pile element 1 shows the calibrated transition the current study is the Fault Tree matrix from the condition data of P02 P03 P If the current condition of an element is known with certainty [P 04], then the condition of Analysis 01(FTA). Fault tree for a each timber element. the same element in T years can be predicted as follows: timber bridge is shown in Figure the superstructure or [P1 P2 P3 P4 ]T = [P01 P02 P03 P04 ]3.* MIf Teither (2) the substructure fails, then the Figure 2: Deterioration curves for pfor ile epile lement Figure 2: Deterioration curves mainat catastrophic For example if the calculated probability matrix for girders T years is [P1 P2event ] P3 Phappens, 4 T , P1 is the element ie the bridge failure. Since probability that a girder which is at CS1 01in c urrent y ear r emains i n C S1 i n T y ears i n t he fthe uture. Pthe P P ], then the condition of If the current condition of an element is known with certainty [P 02 03 04 superstructure and substructure the same element in T years can e predicted follows: of an Ifbthe currentas condition Predicting the failure of bridges failure can be due to the failure of element is known with Tcertainty Figure 2 : D eterioration c urves f or p ile element its main structural elements, they [P1 P2 P3 P4 ]T = [[P PThe methodology adopted to predict the probability of failure of a timber bridge of interest in the the condition 0101 PP 02 P03PP 0304],Pthen 04 ] * M 02 (FTA). Fault allfor current study is the Fault Tree Analysis tree a (2) timber bridge to is shown in Error! are contributing the failure If the current condition of an element is known with certainty [P 01 P02 P03 P04], then the condition of of the same element in T years can Reference source not found.. If either the superstructure or the substructure fails, then the main the same element in T years as can be predicted as follows: of each of]them as shown in the be predicted For example if the calculated probability matrix for follows: girders at T years is [P1 P P3 P 2 4 T , P1 is the catastrophic event happens, ie the bridge failure. Since the superstructure and substructure failure figure. P1…P7 are the probability T [Pa1 t CPS1 P3the P4c]Turrent = [P01 year P02 remains P03 P04i]n *CM probability that a girder which is S1 i n Tof years i n the kerb… whales 2 in deck,(2) failure offuture. and bearings respectively. If For example if the calculated probability matrix for girders at T years is [P P P P ] , P is the

Predicting the failure of bridges

4 T

probability that a girder which is at CS1 in the current year remains in CS1 in T years in the future.

The methodology adopted to predict the probability of failure of a timber bridge of interest in the Engineering for Public Works | September 2017 Predicting the failure (FTA). of bridges current study is the Fault Tree Analysis Fault tree for a timber bridge is shown in Error! Reference source not found.. If either the superstructure or the substructure fails, then the main The methodology adopted to predict the probability of failure of a timber bridge of interest in the

can be due to the failure of its main structural elements, they are all contributing to the failure of each of them as shown in the figure. P 1…P7 are the probability of failure of deck, kerb… whales and 88 bearings respectively. If these probabilities are known, then the “OR” function in FTA can be used to ), substructure and eventually the whole find these the probability of known, failure then of superstructure 9) the probabilities are the “OR” function (P in 8FTA can be used to (P find probability of failure of superstructure (P ), substructure (P ) and eventually the whole bridge (P ). bridge (P10). 8 9 10 Timber Bridge Failure

P10=1-‐[(1-‐P8)*(1-‐P9)]

P8=1-‐[(1-‐P1)*(1-‐P2)*(1-‐P3)*(1-‐P4)]

P9=1-‐[(1-‐P5)*(1-‐P6)*(1-‐P7)]

Superstructure deterioration

P1 Deck

P2 Kerb

Substructure Deterioration

P3 Girder

Figure 3: Fault tree diagram for a timber bridge

Corbel

Pile

P6 Headstock

Whales and bearings

Figure 3: Fault tree timber diagram for a timber bridge Application of the method to a hypothetical bridge Once an inspection is performed on a bridge, the condition states (CS) of each element are known. Application of ofthe method to a hypothetical timber bridge Application Markov process Table 2. Condition state predictions for bridge elements

Once an inspection is performed on a bridge, the condition states (CS) of each element are known. Predicted condition in 2018 using

Element Inspected condition in 2015 Application of Markov process developed model Table . Condition state predictions for b0.1485 ridge elements Deck [1 0 020] [0.7196 0.1301 0.0014] Girder

Element Corbel

[0.2 0.8 0 0]

[0.1941 0.719

0.0575 0.0294]

Inspected condition in Predicted condition in 2018 using developed [0 1 0 0] [0.0000 0.9017 0.0912 0.0071] Pile [0.2 0.6 0.2 0] [0.1956 0.5709 0.188 0.0455] 2015 model Headstock [0 0.5 0.5 0] [0.0000 0.4518 0.024 0.5242] Deck Whales and [1 [0.1 0 00.7 0] 0.2 0] [0.7196 0.1485 0.0056 0.2094] 0.1301 0.0014] [0.0877 0.6973 Girder [0.2 0.8 0 0] bearings [0.1941 0.719 0.0575 0.0294] Corbel [0 1 0 0] [0.0000 0.0071] in Second column of Table 2 shows the condition states for each element 0.9017 based on an 0.0912 imaginary inspection Pile 2015. Table 1 and Equation [0.2 02.6 0.2 0] are used to predict the condition of each element in 2018 (column 3 of Table 2). The 0.5709 0.188 0.0455] Headstock [0 0.5 0can .5 0be ] explained using pile [0.1956 meaning of these predictions as an example. In 2015, 20%, 60% and 20% of the piles wereain CS3 respectively. the piles will0.4518 be in CS1 while 57.09% will be in CS2. 0.024 0.5242] Whales nd CS1, CS2 and [0.1 0.7 0.2 0] By 2018, 19.56% of[0.0000 [0.0877 0.6973 0.0056 0.2094] bearings Application of FTA If the probability of CS movement to the worst case scenario for each element can be established, Figure 4 can

be used to find the probability of failure of the entire bridge.

Second column of Table 2 shows the condition states for each element based on an imaginary inspection in 2015. Table 1 and Equation 2 are used to predict the condition of each element in 2018 (column 3 of Table 2). The meaning of these predictions can be explained using pile as an example. In 2015, 20%, 60% and 20% of the piles were in CS1, CS2 and CS3 respectively. By 2018, 19.56% of the piles will be in CS1 while 57.09% will be in CS2. Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

Application of FTA

Timber Bridge Failure

P10=1-‐[(1-‐0.0376)*(1-‐0.6409)] P10=0.6544

P8=1-‐[(1-‐0.0014)*(1-‐0.0294)*(1-‐0.0071)] P8 = 0.0376 Superstructure deterioration

0.0014 Deck

0 Kerb

P9=1-‐[(1-‐0.0455)*(1-‐0.5242)*(1-‐0.2094)] P9=0.6409 Substructure Deterioration

0.0294 Girder

0.0071 Corbel

0.5242

0.0455 Pile

Headstock

0.2094 Whales and bearings

Figure 4: FTA for the hypothetical bridgeFigure 4: FTA for the hypothetical bridge

It is assumed that an element

past developments in Australia.

Weena Lokuge on 07 3470 4477 or

It fails is assumed an 4. element fails its CS replacement reaches 4. For Weena.lokuge@usq.edu.au. the hypothetical bridge, there is when its CSthat reaches For Duewhen to the limited the hypothetical bridge, there is budget, timber bridges are still in 65.44% chance that it will fail in 2018 and the major contribution cReferences omes from the substructure. This 65.44% chance that it will fail in service but their high maintenance Crawford, S. (2014). “Timber is e2018 vident rom the contribution inspection data costs in Table 2. recognized and and fthe major are well

Bridge Management: Past, Present become a challenge to bridge and Future”. Engineering and management agencies. This study Technology Forum, TMR. has presented a condition-based reliability method that utilizes the Lokuge, W., Gamage, N. and Proposed Markov process method can be combined with the fault tree analysis to predict the Discussion and limitations visual inspection reports of timber Setunge, S. (2016). “Fault tree Proposed Markov process bridges to the given future the inspection analysis method probability of failure of a timber bridge of predict interest report for is deterioration available for the method can be combined with condition of bridge components. of timber bridges using an current year. There ato re predict several limitations of the byproposed transition probability matrix as it is based the fault tree analysis This is achieved adopting the Australian case study.” Build the probability of failure of a stochastic Markov model, which only on limited number of inspection reports. It can be applied to a bridge having similar attributes. Environment Project and timber bridge of interest given is more suitable than the linear Management, 6(3), 332 – 344. Therefore the report model can be further refined if a large database can be developed so that bridge the inspection is available and non-linear deterministic Ranjith, S., Setunge, S., Gravina, for the current year. There are models. Furthermore, the failure elements can be categorised based on similar attributes. It is assumed the bridge failure occurs R. andthat Venkatesan, S. (2013). several limitations of the proposed probability of the whole timber “Deterioration Prediction of Timber when all the elements reach CS4. While reaching CS4 will be critical for some elements, it may not transition probability matrix as it bridge can also be assessed by Bridge Elements Using the Markov based onlyfor on o limited be isthe same ther enumber lements. using the fault tree analysis. The Chain.” Journal of Performance of of inspection reports. It can be predicted failure probability of Constructed Facilities, 27(3), 319applied to a bridge having similar timber bridge and its components Conclusion 325. attributes. Therefore the model can be used to reduce inspection can be further refined if a large Sonnenberg, A. (2014). maintenance cost through Timber bridges the legacy of and past developments in Australia. Due to the limited replacement database can be are developed so “Australian Bridge Inspection prioritization and timely manner, that bridge elements can be Processes.”<https://www.pittsh. ensuring the safety of timber budget, timber bridges are still in service but their high maintenance costs are well recognized and categorised based on similar com.au/cms_uploads/docs/ bridge network. become a challenge bridge has presented a condition-‐based attributes. It is assumedto that the management agencies. This study australian-bridge-inspectionbridge failure occurs when all More inspection data together processes.pdf> (Retrieved 22 reliability method that utilizes the visual inspection reports of timber bridges to predict the future the elements reach CS4. While with relevant factors such as daily August 2017). condition of bwill ridge components. Ttraffic his is volume achieved y adopting the stochastic Markov model, which is reaching CS4 be critical for andbenvironmental Wilson, M. (2016). Deterioration somesuitable elements, itthan may not the data are needed fordeterministic accurate more the belinear and non-‐linear models. the failure of TimberFurthermore, Bridges Using a Fault same for other elements. prediction in order to utilise the Tree Analysis. BEng (Honours), probability of the whole timber bridge can also be assessed by using the fault tree analysis. The proposed method efficiently. University of Southern Conclusion predicted failure probability of timber bridge and its components can be used to reduce inspection Queensland. Timber bridges are the legacy of For more information contact comes from the substructure. This is evident from the inspection data Discussion in Table 2. and limitations

and maintenance cost through prioritization and timely manner, ensuring the safety of timber bridge network. Engineering for Public Works | September 2017

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