That’s English! Module 11 – Unit5 (AS easy as 1, 2, 3) A) GRAMMAR - Plurals: https://aliciateacher2.wordpress.com/grammar/plurals/ https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-4826.php
- Suggest – Propose – Recommend: https://inglesnaturalmente.com/suggest-propose-recommend-en-ingles/ https://www.engvid.com/how-to-give-advice-in-english/ https://www.tolearnenglish.com/exercises/exercise-english-2/exercise-english-87185.php
B) VOCABULARY - Complete with these number-related idioms: do a number head for numbers
one too many
in two minds by the dozen
1 I wish I had a … . It would make doing the accounts so much easier! 2 When I ask people to enter their credit card details, they sometimes think I’m trying to … on them, but this information is heavily protected. 3 I was … about doing yet another accountancy course, but I’m so glad I signed up for it. 4 The new ad has been a great success – people are ringing up … to reserve a table. 5 I think I had … last night. I’ve got a terrible headache this morning! Match the idioms with their meaning (a-e) below. a I had too much to drink. b in large numbers c I was good at maths. d I’m trying to cheat them. e I couldn’t decide. Match the beginnings of the sentences (1-6) to the endings (a-f) 1 Four plus two 2 The probability of throwing a double six 3 Your food costs are three times as much 4 First I’d cut it into two halves, 5 Food costs should be 28-30% 6 Nought or zero point five litres a is one point nought six pints. b of your total costs. c then into four quarters. d makes six. e as they should be. f is less than three per cent! Numbers in English In the Roman numeral system all numbers are expressed using the 1)……..… 1-9 and 0, which can be called either zero or 2)….…….. Numbers smaller than zero can either be expressed as a
3)……….. – such as ½, ¼, etc. – or as parts of one hundred, according to the 4)……….… system. So the fraction ¾s (three quarters) can also be expressed as zero 5)………… seven five. In English, groups of 6)…………… over one thousand are separated by a 7)….…... For example: one thousand is written 1,000, and one 8)………… is written as 1,000,000. Complete the text about numbers with the words: comma
decimal
digits
fraction
figures
million
nought
point
Match the expressions (1-5) to the definitions (a-e). 1 a dime a dozen 2 (Its) days are numbered 3 look after number one 4 dressed to the nines 5 at the eleventh hour a to wear fashionable, smart clothes and accessories b so common that it has little or no value c at the very last possible moment d take care of yourself first e something or someone that will not exist for very much longer - Imperial and Metric: http://www.bbc.co.uk/skillswise/worksheet/ma21impe-l1-w-imperial-and-metric-matching https://en.islcollective.com/resources/printables/worksheets_doc_docx/imperialus_units_of_ measurement/preintermediate-a2-businessprofessional/70221
C) READING https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/words-and-their-stories-money-part-1/1352148.html I think people everywhere dream about having lots of money. I know I do. I would give anything to make money hand over fist. I would like to earn large amounts of money. You could win a large amount of money in the United States through lotteries. People pay money for tickets with numbers. If your combination of numbers is chosen, you win a huge amount of money – often in the millions. Winning the lottery is a windfall.
A few years ago, my friend Al won the lottery. It changed his life. He did not have a rich family. He was not born with a silver spoon in his mouth. Instead, my friend was always hard up for cash. He did not have much money. And the money he did earn was chicken feed – very little. Sometimes Al even had to accept hand-outs, gifts from his family and friends. But do not get me wrong. My friend was not a deadbeat. He was not the kind of person who never paid the money he owed. He simply pinched pennies. He was always very careful with the money he spent. In fact, he was often a cheapskate. He did not like to spend money. The worst times were when he was flat broke and had no money at all. One day, Al scraped together a few dollars for a lottery ticket. He thought he would never or gain lots of money unexpectedly. But his combination of numbers was chosen and he won the lottery. He hit the jackpot. He won a great deal of money. Al was so excited. The first thing he did was buy a costly new car. He splurged on the one thing that he normally would not buy. Then he started spending money on unnecessary things. He started to waste it. It was like he had money to burn. He had more money than he needed and it was burning a hole in his pocket so he spent it quickly. When we got together for a meal at a restaurant, Al paid every time. He would always foot the bill, and pick up the tab. He told me the money made him feel like a million dollars. He was very happy. But, Al spent too much money. Soon my friend was down and out again. He had no money left. He was back to being strapped for cash. He had spent his bottom dollar, his very last amount. He did not even build up a nest egg. He had not saved any of the money. I admit I do feel sorry for my friend. He had enough money to live like a king. Instead, he is back to living on a shoestring -- a very low budget. Some might say he is penny wise and pound foolish. He was wise about small things, but not about important things. Match the following words and expressions with their meanings/translations: hand over fist
an unexpected gain or piece of good fortune (dinero caĂdo del cielo)
a windfall
without any means of livelihood; impoverished and, often, socially outcast(sin techo)
Born with a silver spoon in his mouth
quickly and abundantly (a manos llenas)
hard up
In need of money (seco, sin un duro)
chicken feed
Born wealthy (en una cuna de oro)
hand-outs
a person who deliberately avoids paying debts (parásito..)
deadbeat
careful about trifles (nimiedades) but wasteful in large ventures (operaciones / empresas)
pinched pennies
money saved and held in reserve for emergencies, retirement (ahorros)
cheapskate
Needy, not having enough money
flat broke
the last of one's money or resources. (su último dólar)
hit the jackpot
Win the jackpot (=any large prize that may be won in gambling) (ganar el gordo / el bote)
splurged
a stingy person; one unwilling to spend money (agarrado)
foot the bill
lacking money (arruinado, a dos velas)
pick up the tab
spent (money) lavishly(=en grandes cantidades) or ostentatiously: (derrochó, despilfarró)
down and out
Pay the invoice (pagar la factura)
strapped for cash
To pay the bill for something, often at a bar or restaurant.
bottom dollar
spent very little money and saved whatever he could
nest egg
a small, insignificant sum of money (una miseria)
on a shoestring
If you do something on a shoestring, you do it using very little money. (apretado, con un presupuesto ajustado)
penny wise and pound foolish
clothing, food, or money given to a needy person (limosna)
KEY: hand over fist
quickly and abundantly (a manos llenas)
a windfall
an unexpected gain or piece of good fortune (dinero caído del cielo)
Born with a silver spoon in his mouth
Born wealthy (en una cuna de oro)
hard up
In need of money (seco, sin un duro)
chicken feed
a small, insignificant sum of money (una miseria)
hand-outs
clothing, food, or money given to a needy person (limosna)
deadbeat
a person who deliberately avoids paying debts (parásito..)
pinched pennies
spent very little money and saved whatever he could
cheapskate
a stingy person; one unwilling to spend money (agarrado)
flat broke
lacking money (arruinado, a dos velas)
hit the jackpot
Win the jackpot (=any large prize that may be won in gambling) (ganar el gordo / el bote)
splurged
spent (money) lavishly(=en grandes cantidades) or ostentatiously: (derrochó, despilfarró)
foot the bill
Pay the invoice (pagar la factura)
pick up the tab
To pay the bill for something, often at a bar or restaurant.
down and out
without any means of livelihood; impoverished and, often, socially outcast (sin techo)
strapped for cash
Needy, not having enough money
bottom dollar
the last of one's money or resources. (su último dólar)
nest egg
money saved and held in reserve for emergencies, retirement (ahorros)
on a shoestring
If you do something on a shoestring, you do it using very little money. (apretado, con un presupuesto ajustado)
penny wise and pound foolish
careful about trifles (nimiedades) but wasteful in large ventures (operaciones / empresas)
D) LISTENING - Listen to the first part of the article and fill in the gaps, then read the rest of the article: https://learningenglish.voanews.com/a/sixty-two-people-own-most-of-worldswealth/3153236.html The richest …………………………….now have the same wealth as the poorest……………………………, according to a report from Oxfam. Five years ago, the majority of wealth was…………………………………………………... As the global population increased by around 400 million people, the wealth of the poorest half of the world ……………………………………- a drop of about $1 trillion. That means more money, assets and wealth shifted to fewer people. Oxfam is an aid organization working…………………………………………………………………………………... The group reported that women are more affected than men by inequality. The majority of low paid workers around the world are women. Just nine of ………………………………………………………..are women, the aid group says. It said the differences between the very rich and everyone else has widened…………………………………………………………... It said Oxfam predicted last year “the 1 percent would soon own more than the rest of us.” That happened a year earlier than expected, in 2015, the report said. The use of tax shelter Oxfam considers tax shelters for the wealthy………………………………………………….. The group said “rich individuals and companies” hide their wealth in countries where they can …………………………………………..on their earnings. This is tax money that governments need “to tackle poverty and inequality.” “It is simply unacceptable that the ……………………………………………………….. owns no more than a few dozen super-rich people who could fit onto one bus,” said Winnie Byanyima, Oxfam International’s Executive Director.
The report said about ………………………………………………………is kept in “offshore” banks. They give the wealthy a rate of return on their investments that is higher than the economic growth rate in many countries. Oxfam said taxes on the wealthiest income …………………………………………..to governments every year. “As much as ………………………………………………………………………..is estimated to be held offshore, costing an estimated $14 billion in lost tax revenues every year,” it added. “This is enough money to pay for healthcare for mothers and children in Africa that could save ……………………………………………………………………………….a year, and employ enough teachers to get every African child into school,” it continued. The report comes a few days before the World Economic Forum opens in Davos, Switzerland. The WEF is a non-profit organization. It invites ………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………..to discuss issues like world poverty and economic growth. Talk among world leaders “about the escalating inequality crisis has so far not translated into concrete action,” the report says. “The world has become …………………………………………………………………and the trend is accelerating. We cannot continue to allow hundreds of millions of people to go hungry while resources that could be used to help them are sucked up by those at the top.” Oxfam noted that had inequality within countries not grown between 1990 and 2010, an extra……………………………………………………………………………………………………………. It said governments should “recover the missing billions lost to tax havens” to pay for healthcare, schools and other public services for the general public. Governments should move minimum wage rates “towards a living wage” and tackle “the pay gap between men and women.” Byanyima added, “The richest can no longer pretend their wealth benefits everyone – their extreme wealth in fact shows an ailing global economy. The recent explosion in the wealth of the super-rich has come at the expense of the majority and particularly the poorest people." Oxfam said global wealth was calculated by Credit Suisse Global Wealth Datebook (2013 and 2014) and Forbes’ billionaires list published in March. -
Salary Caps: http://www.elllo.org/english/0951/T984-Greg-Salaries.htm - More money = More time alone: http://esl-bits.net/listening/Media/2016-05-24/More.Time.Alone/default.html
LINDA WERTHEIMER, HOST: Does access to money predict…………………………………………………………………? That's the question posed by researchers Emily Bianchi and Kathleen Vohs in a new study. They dug into data for nearly 30,000 respondents of the General Social Survey - that's a long-running sociological survey of American attitude and behavior - to find out how ……………………………………………………….affects how we spend our time. Emily Bianchi is an assistant professor at the Goizueta Business School at Emory University in Atlanta. Thank you for joining us. EMILY BIANCHI: Thank you for having me. WERTHEIMER: So what is the answer? How does income affect how people spend their time? BIANCHI: Well, what we found is that ……………………………………………………………………………………………………………..tend to spend more time alone. And they tend to spend less time socializing with other people. WERTHEIMER: Any other people or particular other people? BIANCHI: Well, what we found was that people who are in households with higher income tend………………………………………………………………….., less time with neighbors. But they do spend more time with friends. WERTHEIMER: Now, what we're talking about here when we say high-earning people. Give us a dollar. BIANCHI: You know, generally, we're looking at - the median income was about $58,000. And we're looking at this in a continuous sense. And we find it - it's pretty linear. So if you're in your household earned $...................................., you're going to see that people socialize less, on average, than households that are in $....................................... WERTHEIMER: Well, now, one tempting explanation might be that if you have a lot of money, you…………………………………………………….. If you don't have a lot of money, you're in - you're stuck with the people or you're happy to be stuck, perhaps, with the people that are right around you. BIANCHI: Yeah. And that was certainly something we wondered about. There is evidence that when people have greater levels of education, they're more likely to leave their communities of origin. They're…………………………………………………………………………………………………………………….. And so what we did is we looked at how these effects played out among people who didn't leave their childhood homes or their childhood communities - and also looked at people who did. And what we found is that it actually didn't matter. So even if……………………………………………………………………………………………………., income still predicted the amount of time you would spend socializing with your family. WERTHEIMER: So why is this important? What do you think this tells us about social class and social connections and the importance of income for class and connection?
BIANCHI: Well…………………………………………………………………….. I mean, there's a lot of potential implications here. On the one hand, you know, it's somewhat troubling because we know that social connections tend to……………………………………………………………………... So to the extent that wealthier people are spending less time attending to those relationships, this could have negative implications for physical and mental well-being. On the other hand, you know, we still don't know a lot about………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………………. And it could be that money enables wealthy people to limit contact with relatives with whom they have strained or difficult relationships. So it may be somewhat of a luxury to be able to pick which relationships you choose to attend to and focus on the ones that are most supportive and satisfying. WERTHEIMER: Emily Bianchi is an assistant professor of management at Emory University in Atlanta. Thank you very much for talking to us. BIANCHI: Thank you for having me.
E) SPEAKING Monologue – Topic: Many people believe that the gap between rich and poor is widening nowadays, because in the current economic situation the rich become richer while the poor become poorer. What are the problems this situation may cause? What measures can be taken to solve them? Sample answer: There is no denying the fact that the rich are becoming richer and the poor are becoming poorer. This disparity in income is a direct result of the flawed economic reforms that governments undertake. The existing economic scenario in most countries only benefits the rich. In order to make money one needs access to education, technology or capital. The rich people already possess one or more of these. The internet, for example, created millions of jobs all over the world. However, only those who have access to the technology and the hardware can benefit from these jobs. Most nations now follow a capitalistic economic model. Capitalism does not help the poor and the needy. It exploits their ignorance for the benefits of rich corporations. For example, big corporations are buying products from illiterate farmers at throwaway prices. They then sell these products at exorbitant rates and make a kill. The rich are taking over the land of the poor at cheap rates. After developing this land, they sell it for a huge profit. In the modern world, only those people who have access to capital or a good education can succeed. Since the poor people are unlikely to possess either, they are getting marginalized.
This situation causes numerous problems. Everyone should benefit from development. Sections that are excluded will feel resentment and may get into crime. To avoid this, the government needs to formulate polices that benefit the entire society. One way of ensuring this is to launch benefit programs for the poor. The government needs to ensure that everyone has access to education. This can be ensured by providing free education to the poor sections of the society. The government should also ensure that poor people have access to loans. To conclude, political will is required to ensure the development of all sections of the society. Both the rich and the poor are members of the society and deserve the same treatment.
F) WRITING a) Write about a time when an ability or lack of ability to do maths helped you or caused problems for you. When I started my new job, I was responsible for a budget and had to do financial reporting for the first time and my weak maths meant I was really slow ... Pg 58
OR
b) Read the quotes about statistics. Which do you agree and disagree with? Say why. It is the mark of a truly intelligent person to be moved by statistics. George Bernard Shaw There are three types of lies: lies, damned lies and statistics. Benjamin Disraeli I agree most with Disraeli – statistics can be manipulated to add up to whatever you want. It just depends on what you want to convince people of. Take for example ‌ Pg 59