ATMOSPHERE
Is made up of oxygen, nitrogen and other gases
THEY LAYERS ARE: TROPOSPHERE, TROPOPAUSA, STRATOSPHERE, ESTRATOPAUSA, MESOSPHERE AND THERMOSPHERE.
IT IS A LAYER OF GASES THAT MAY SURROUND A MATERIAL EARTH OF SUFFICIENT MASS, AND THAT IS HELD IN PLACE BY THE GRAVITY OF THE EARTH.
GRAVITY IS HIGH AND THE ATMOSPHERE'S TEMPERATURE IS LOW. SOME PLANETS CONSIST
MAINLY OF VARIOUS GASES, BUT ONLY THEIR OUTER LAYER IS THEIR ATMOSPHERE. EARTH'S ATMOSPHERE, WHICH CONTAINS OXYGEN USED BY MOST ORGANISMS FOR RESPIRATION AND CARBON DIOXIDE USED BY PLANTS, ALGAE AND CYANOBACTERIA FOR
PHOTOSYNTHESIS, ALSO PROTECTS LIVING ORGANISMS
bacteriana is a little cell but its body is 1 mm.
FROM DAMAGE BY SOLAR ULTRAVIOLET RADIATION. THE OZONE LAYER, WHICH ABSORBS ULTRAVIOLET ENERGY FROM THE SUN, IS LOCATED PRIMARILY IN THE STRATOSPHERE, AT ALTITUDES OF 15 TO 35 KM. WHEN IT HAS SNOW THE TEMPERATURE IS LOWER AND WHEN IT DOESN´T HAVE SNOW THE TEMPERATURE IS HIGH.
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This is a video of the atmosphere, what will happen million years later?
http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=_cQELZFUIPc This is a video in Spanish but this other video is in English. http://www.youtube.com/watch? v=XQ4SnEEdgoo
Volcanoes
What is a Volcano? A volcano is a land form (usually a mountain) where molten rock erupts through the surface of the planet. In simple terms a volcano is a mountain that opens downward to a pool of molten rock (magma) below the surface of the Earth. It is a hole in the Earth from which molten rock and gas erupt. The name “volcano” has its origin from the name of Vulcan a god of fire in roman mythology.
What is the difference between lava and magma? Magma is liquid rock inside a volcano. Lava is liquid rock (magma) that flows out of a volcano. Fresh lava ranges from 700° to 1,200° C in temperature and glows red hot to white hot as it flows. How many volcanoes are there in the world? There are around 1510 'active' volcanoes in the world. We currently know of 80 or more which are under the oceans.
What are the three layers the Earth is made of? 1. Crust The crust is the outer layer of Earth. It is about 18 miles thick. It is the part we live on. 2. 3. Mantle The second layer is called the mantle. It is about 1,800 miles thick. 4. Core The inner layer is called the core
What causes volcanoes to erupt? The Earth's crust is made up of huge slabs called plates, which fit together like a jig saw puzzle. These plates sometimes move. Between the Earth's crust and the mantle is a substance called magma which is made of rock and gases. When two plates collide, one section slides on top of the other, the one beneath is pushed down. Magma is squeezed up between two plates.
Parts of a volcano 1. Magma - Molten rock beneath Earth's surface. 2. Parasitic Cone - A small cone-shaped volcano formed by an accumulation of volcanic debris. 3. Sill - A flat piece of rock formed when magma hardens in a crack in a volcano. 4. Vent - An opening in Earth's surface through which volcanic materials escape. 5. Flank - The side of a volcano. 6. Lava - Molten rock that erupts from a volcano that solidifies as it cools. 7. Crater - Mouth of a volcano - surrounds a volcanic vent. 8. Conduit - An underground passage magma travels through. 9. Summit - Highest point; apex 10. Throat - Entrance of a volcano. The part of the conduit that ejects lava and volcanic ash. 11. Ash - Fragments of lava or rock smaller than 2 mm in size that are blasted into the air by volcanic explosions. 12. Ash Cloud - A cloud of ash formed by volcanic explosions.
The 4 types of volcanoes
Cinder cones are circular or oval cones (left) made up of small fragments of lava from a single vent that have been blown into the air, cooled and fallen around the vent.
Composite volcanoes are steep-sided volcanoes composed of many layers of volcanic rocks, usually made from highviscosity (thick like honey) lava, ash and rock debris (broken pieces).
Shield volcanoes are volcanoes shaped like a bowl or shield in the middle with long gentle slopes made by basaltic lava flows. Basalt lava flows from these volcanoes are called flood basalts. Some very fluid flows can travel for hundreds of miles.
Lava domes are formed when erupting lava is too thick to flow and makes a steep-sided mound as the lava piles up near the volcanic vent.The eruption of Mount St. Helens in 1980 was caused in part by a lava dome shifting to allow
explosive gas and steam to escape from inside the mountain.
Games of volcanoes. http://volcano.oregonstate.edu/oldroot/kids/fun/volcano/volcano.html http://kids.nationalgeographic.com/kids/games/puzzlesquizzes/quizyournoodle-volcanoes/ http://kids.discovery.com7games/builds-play/volcano-explores videos of volcano http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=uZp1dNybgfc&feature=fvst