ÁGOSTON SZÉL NEW RECTOR of SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY INTERVIEW NEWS
TRAVEL
FOOD
MEDICINE
DENTISTRY
PHARMACY
02
CHAIRMANS NOTE
A WORD FROM THE CHAIRMAN I AM CHARLIE ATTARIANI, A 34-YEAR-OLD PERSIAN SWEDE, WITH A BACKGROUND IN EVENT MARKETING. I HEAD THE SEMMELWEIS TAE KWON DO PROGRAM AND THE ISAS TEAM, BUT TODAY I SIT AMONGST YOU AS A FELLOW STUDENT FOLLOWING MY DREAM TO BECOME A DENTIST. WE MAY COME FROM DIFFERENT PLACES; HAVE DIFFERENT GOALS, DIFFERENT MOTHER TONGUES, CULTURES, TALENTS, HOBBIES OR TASTES. BUT ALL OF US SHARE AT LEAST THREE THINGS: We attend Semmelweis University. We hope the education we attain here will be well respected and carry us far. … And finally, a poignantly isolating
powerful, yet commonality:
We all speak English. It might seem circumstantial, but these three simple facts encompass much of our day-to-day lives, direct our futures, and determine our happiness. Sometimes it seems they run our lives!
THE ISAS VISION, GRASS ROOTS Over the past few years, ISAS has grown to become a powerful instrument of the student voice, an integral component of the face of the English program and its moral compass. ISAS lars
was founded on of four guiding
the pilprinciples:
Community: Develop a vibrant and invigorating environment that empowers students both collectively and individually, and fosters a sense of community that cultivates success and security. Advocacy: Identify key issues for reform, challenge injustice, lobby on behalf of student interests, and compel directors to accord the student ISASReview
voice attention and promote its inclusion in the decision-making processes. Support: Provide easily accessible and sustainable services for academic support, conflict resolution, and deliver effective solutions tailored to the specific needs the student. We are for the development of both innovative and traditional programs to serve the student body. Empowerment: Encourage and enable student contributions to University activities, providing them unique insights into their field of interest and affording them opportunities to actively shape their education.
is to be granted a voice that can sound to every corner of this institution. We can engage audiences we would never meet, and generate discussions amongst our peers. As English-speakers, we have an iconic status— we are a diverse group with unique insights. Here is our chance to stop spectating and expand our presence as integral members of the university community. The primary purpose of this newspaper, besides reinforcing the ISAS agenda, is to objectively inform the English-speaking student body about the context in which they operate and provide them with a platform for the dissemination and exchange of ideas. Helping us all affiliate with the achievements of our peers and building pride in our university are just some of the bonuses. The ISAS Review is devoted to recognizing achievements, rewarding initiative, promoting just causes, raising awareness, and broadcasting the current events and accomplishments within the University. Awareness of the research and developments conducted in Hungarian, does not merely inform our outlook, it opens our minds to the opportunities and resources available to us. The level of innovation attests to the standards and dynamism of the university, and defines the reputation our degrees will hold at home. As a student-run initiative, of the students and for the students, our heart lies with our members. However, I would like to take this opportunity to invite the contribution of Alumni or Staff members who wish to engage students, capture their imaginations or develop projects for professional growth.
ISAS is committed to supporting these values, and bases all its action on these convictions. The ISAS team aspires to carry out these duties with due humility and competence. I sincerely hope we can improve your Semmelweis experience.
As Benjamin Franklin said; “Tell me and I forget. Teach me and I remember. Involve me and I learn.”
THE ISAS REVIEW, YOUR VOICE
Here is your chance! Join us! Be us! Improve us!
I can now state with utmost certainty that one of the 2000 copies dispersed to all faculties, following its long journey, perhaps by passing a Newsstand at the NET, the Dental or Basic science building, has finally, made its way onto your lap. And, as you leaf through its pages I’d like you to consider what a monumental opportunity it
Read and Enjoy! Best regards Charlie Attariani Chairman | International Student Association of Semmelweis University
03
EDITORS NOTE
Issue NO.1 Front cover: ÁGOSTON SZÉL Front photo: Semmelweis Médiasarok, attekovacs.com
HELLO AND WELCOME! We proudly present to you the new Englishlanguage magazine, ISAS Review. Following the absence of a magazine for the international students for several semesters, it was our desire to re-establish it and to provide a means for communication and entertainment. The ISAS Review is an English magazine for the student population that is run by students, but not exclusively for the English program. It's meant to bridge the gap between faculties and years. The aim of the magazine is to be fun and interesting but also educational and useful. Even though students often study alongside students from other faculties, they don't know very much about them, or the various extracurricular programs offered by Semmelweis University– such as the TDK (Tudományos Diákkör - Students’ Scientific Association). Since English is the one language that is shared by almost all students in the Hungarian, German and English faculties, we hope to aid in linking these communities to each other. Even though we take on some of the old editors of the previous student magazine, “The Joint” (which was discontinued in early 2011 after the magazine encountered various problems), the ISAS Review is completely new and separate. Later 2011, the remaining magazine team sat down with Charlie Attariani (the chairman of ISAS) to discuss a resurrection of a student newspaper for the English program at Semmelweis University. In the following months we created a brand new concept, then an outline and finally the finished magazine you are holding in your hands.
Back cover: Yoav Litani Back photos: Rudi Paula
EDITORS Rudi Paula and Fekete Zsuzsanna
DESIGNER Yoav Litani
PRINTING Scenic Print Kft.
SPECIAL THANKS TO: Prof. Dr. Mark Kollai, Olga Ványi, Marika Marton, Michael Mandel, Bernat Balázs, Julie Fodor and Team ISAS.
We’re always eagerly looking for writers and contributors, so if you are interested in writing for us or have any comments or feedback, please write us at editor@isas.hu. We hope you enjoy the magazine and we wish all the students a successful exam period and good studies!
Rudi and Zsuzsi (5th year medicine) ISAS Review editors editor@isas.hu
Clockwise: Yoav Litani, Daniel Domijan, Rudi Paula, Ehsan Kani, Charlie Attariani, Judy Kohut, Issa Pour-Ghaz, Fekete Zsuzsanna and Julie Fodor (missing)- Team ISAS
Issue NO.1 | May 2012
04
CONTENTS
MAY’12
06.
COVER STORY
INTERVIEW WITH ÁGOSTON SZÉL, M.D., PH.D., D.SC.. BY: RUDI PAULA & FEKETE ZSUZSANNA
09.
STUDENT AFFAIRS
10.
ISAS EVENTS
11.
APPS REVIEW
12.
GUNTHER AND HEIDI IN HUNGARY
14.
STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION (TDK)
15. 18.
BY: EHSAN KANI
BY: DANIEL DOMIJAN BY: AMIT FHIMA
COFFEE GROUNDS DENTISTRY
06.
BY: Dr.
“BEAUTY IS POWER, A SMILE IS ITS SWORD” EKATERINA KHAIT
21.
I WANT TO WORK... IN THE UK
BY: JUDY KOHUT BY: EHSAN KANI
MEDICINE
FEMALE HAIR LOSS
12.
BY: NADAV PAM
24.
NEPTUN, THE KNOW HOW
25.
MORE BIZZARE THAN NOBLE
28.
BY: NIKOLETTA OROSZ
BY: SIMON DULZ & RUDI PAULA
ISAS MERCHANDISE
26.
BY: STINE-LISE-KVINNSLAND
FOOD
20.
22.
ISSUE’1
BY: ISSA POUR-GHAZ BY: JOHANNA CEDERBOM
PHARMACY
POISONING BY ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES BY: FARZAD HASHEMI
TRAVEL
MULI BWANJI?
BY LINE SOLHEIM & STINE-LISE KVINNSLAND
30.
HUNGARIAN LESSON
32.
THE IMAGE CHALLENGE
ISASReview
BY: FANNI NOWOTTA
28.
05
FEEDBACK FROM THE STUDENTS
other and coordinate their respective syllabi in order to avoid redundant teaching. Official documents for students should be in grammaticallycorrect, properly-spelled, and idiomatically-correct English. This would include the course syllabi, lecture slides, written tests, university forms, etc. Diploma: publish better information about the dates and requirements of the diploma paper, and perhaps a small lecture or something of the sort which covers some topics on how to write it (a method course) before throwing us out in "deep water". The index system seems outdated, and in some cases useless. Students must go to various departments all over Budapest to receive signatures which are already on the NEPTUN system, only to sometimes hear that a 40-minute journey is in vain because the signature is not handed out on that day. The first three years are generally excellent in terms of organization and imparting and testing of knowledge. By contrast, it sometimes seems that in the clinical years the departments don't seem to have that. In some departments, it is no problem to contact the tutor if there is an issue. In others, this is near-impossible. Each course/semester should have one assigned textbook, which should be both concise and readable by the average student within the semester or semesters during which the course is taught. Example: the 1st Department of Pathology coordinates the lectures with the chapters in the assigned textbook Robbin’s Basic Pathology, which is concise and well-written. The topic list for the semi-final and final examination is taken from the chapter headings in the textbook, allowing the student to have a clear understanding of what must be studied for the course, and what will be tested. Other departments provide a list of books to choose from, and there is no clear correlation between the lecture schedule and the textbook. It is simply not possible for students to read multiple textbooks for each course, nor is it possible for students to become experts in each subject. Lectures should be coordinated with the associated chapters in the assigned textbook, so that students may study the material in a scheduled, orderly, fashion. Departments in the university should communicate with each
Departments that teach complementary topics (such as pharmacology and microbiology) should teach the same topics at the same time (antibiotics and bacteria; antivirals and viruses, etc.) A clear lesson plan should exist for each practice, especially for the clinical ones. The department of Pathophysiology has always impressed me with their organization, structure, availability and desire for feedback from the students. Even though there is no official textbook, all lectures are available with audio on the website, and the content is excellent. A clear lesson plan should exist for each practice, especially for the clinical ones. This allows both the teacher and the students to have a clear understanding of the goals of the practice. In the clinical years, the curriculum should give greater priority to those subjects which the vast majority of doctors will need in their careers, and less priority to those that are needed only in select specialties. Hungarian language education should be emphasized during the pre‑clinical years. Either a greater number of hours per week should be allotted to instruction, or students should be required to complete a month-long intensive Hungarian course during the summer between first and second, or second and third year, or both. From personal experience, the classes offered are not enough to teach the students the language well enough to communicate with the patients. Some fifth and sixth year subjects should be taught as individual rotations lasting weeks at a time, and not as isolated encounters with the subject for a few hours each week. The OB/ GYN department has its practices as a week-long session, where the students are immersed in the field for an intense period of time. In some of the clinical subjects, it would be better to have this type of teaching as opposed to isolated encounters with the subject for a few hours each week. To learn clinical medicine, it is necessary to follow patients from admission, through diagnosis, through treatment, and to discharge. This way students can develop a better understanding of the disease processes, and their diagnosis and treatment. Most Western European and North American medical schools operate under this paradigm. Issue NO.1 | May 2012
COVER STORY
06
WE PROUDLY INTRODUCE TO YOU… THE NEW RECTOR OF SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY, PROFESSOR ÁGOSTON SZÉL, M.D., PH.D., D.SC.. By Rudi Paula & Fekete Zsuzsanna
Prof. Ágoston Szél is currently the Director of the 2nd Department of Anatomy and Vice-Rector of Semmelweis University, but he is soon to be the new rector. He is also the director of the Ph.D program and tutor of TDK students. We had the honor of sitting down with Prof. Szél and hearing a bit about him, and it is our pleasure to share this conversation with you.
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COVER STORY
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ow and when did you know you wanted to pursue a career in medicine?
It was very early in my childhood when I decided that medicine would be my profession. The only real question for me was whether I would be a researcher or a clinician, and this double interest has accompanied me all the way through my career. I have had close contact with doctors from a very early age onwards because my father was chronically very ill, and there were always physicians going in and out of the house. As far as research is concerned, I had a neighbour who was a famous researcher and I was able to visit him in his lab and was fascinated by that world.
How did you chose anatomy as your field of interest?
I have always been fascinated by how things work and their structure. I was 11 years old when I wrote my first anatomy textbook. I didn’t have a typewriter at the time since my family was very poor, but my family was able to borrow one and I worked on my book day and night. One of my earliest fascinations was the eye—which later became the subject of my thesis and research as well.
I was a good student in primary and secondary school, but even then I was concentrating heavily on medicine. By the time I enrolled in medical university, I knew a lot. Frankly, I was bored while my classmates were worried about just passing their examinations. I did enjoy the work with the cadavers, though, since it was the first time I could see it in real life. So it was not a surprise that as soon as I finished the final in Anatomy, I joined the department to teach and work in the research labs.
Are you glad you chose the path of being a teacher over a clinician?
I like that I have to divide my time between teaching and research. Teaching is a very colourful activity, probably the best activity besides being a medical doctor— and there are many similarities between the two. To treat a patient and to handle student affairs is quite similar: your task
“...Teaching is a very colourful activity, probably the best activity besides being a medical doctor...“
and obligation is to make your patient believe that what you are doing is good for him/her. You need trust for this. If your patient does not trust you, you cannot be a doctor. You may need to give bad news, advise them to have a surgical procedure or take dangerous medication; trust in the doctor is elemental in these cases. Similarly in teaching, you cannot make your students believe you. They may sit in your lectures and listen, but if they don’t trust you and your knowledge then it’s not optimal. The situation is even more polarized during examinations. If the student believes that you, as a teacher, knows what they have to know, then they will trust you and believe the grade they get (even if it is not so good). If a student leaves an exam believing that they have not received their grade with good reason, then I have failed as a teacher and examiner. It is not so different to leading a department. Your colleagues and co-workers have to trust you to make the decisions that are good for them and for the institute. And just the technical knowledge is not enough, either. You need trust to convince your partners and colleagues of your good intentions. If you can manage this, you can sleep well at night, secure in the knowledge that you are trying your best for the good
of everyone. This is not to say that I don’t make mistakes, but they are made with good intentions and a good conscience.
What kind of passions do you have, outside of teaching?
Even as a very small child I was drawn to books. Even before I could read I was always arranging books by size and colour, later (when I could read) by subject. Books are sacred things to me, and at home in my office I have so many that often there is little place to sit down. Music is another passion of mine; I have a huge collection of classical music. I usually come into my office around 5:30 am, and until 8:00 am I spend my time listening to music and answering emails, so during that time I am able to do enough work that my whole day feels productive.
Will you be able to continue your work with patients and teaching once you are the rector? I have not worked with patients for many years now, but for about 10 years I worked in an ambulance service. I enjoyed the abrupt decision-making very much, but Issue NO.1 | May 2012
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eventually I had to stop since I just didn’t have the time to improve my medical knowledge. I was already working in the Anatomy department, so to keep up with the new knowledge in both anatomy and clinical work would not have been advisable.
I have been the vice rector for three years now and I have still been able to give lectures, so I hope that I can continue in this way. I try to divide my time between the institute and the vice-rectorship wisely, and I have a very good deputy chief. But I try to have as many lectures as possible, even though I have to later give some of them away to other professors if I don’t have the time. I think I can say without exaggeration that when I lecture on something that I enjoy, and there are 100 students eagerly listening to me, I see the enjoyment of understanding on their faces—probably those are the best moments in my career.
Do you have any specific plans once you are the rector?
What is going on in our school is basically good. Semmelweis University has a rather good reputation, although I wouldn’t say it’s a rock. It’s a good university and often students say they are generally satisfied with the school. So my major task is to not let it fall into pieces. A problem with the current system is good in the way that the knowledge is there, but not very well trained in a practical sense. The practical training shouldn’t just start after graduation, but during the university studies. We have many approaches to this: I’d like to increase and intensify the level and quantity of ‘skills labs’. I was invited to Germany a few years ago, where I saw an extremely well equipped skills lab for the students. There they could practice on mannequins how
ISASReview
“I remember that there were colleagues of mine when I was a student that were practicing inserting a needle on their bed mattress and sheets...”
to insert a needle and practice how to resuscitate. This eased the frustrations of a student to pierce the skin of a patient, since they had specimens and parts of the body which they could practice on. It also eases the mind of the patient and creates a better student-patient relationship. I think it’s very important to have such things for the students. I remember that there were colleagues of mine when I was a student that were practicing inserting a needle on their bed mattress and sheets— that is stupid and not a good thing. The best is a patient— but I understand that that’s a bit dangerous, both for the student and the patient. The next best thing is the skills lab equipment which we have to increase in number at Semmelweis. Having international students has helped the university and have created a totally new atmosphere. Just from the point of view of an anatomist— we used to have our own Hungarian textbooks, so when we started teaching German and international students we needed to buy the textbooks in other languages as well. And some of them had things in them that were not in the other textbooks. So, overall, it has improved the knowledge of the professors.
Is there anything you want to say to the students? I'm a communicative person, and I like to talk to people. My door is and always will be open to anyone. Any person should have the opportunity to ask the rector something. Broad or basic questions can perhaps be answered by the english secretariat, but students should feel that they can approach me with important matters. I want to be an accessible rector; my door is open to you.
STUDENT AFFAIRS REVIEW
09
By Ehsan Kani The Student Affairs Committee did not appear overnight. It was an outcome of our observations throughout our studies at Semmelweis University. We came to the realization that the system implemented by Semmelweis University is one of the best; hence the prominence of Semmelweis University's reputation internationally. This is one of the reasons why the International course has been running successfully for decades.
W
e also realized that due to increasing numbers of annual student admittance, as well as other reasons, the communication between the students and the University can be problematic. This in turn causes the circulation of rumors, rather than facts— producing long term effects. We would like to strengthen the notion of a 'Semmelweis family' among students and staff. The reputation of Semmelweis is important for our professional reputation as future graduates. We are the ambassadors of this name in our home countries. Let us
help each other not just to maintain the good name but to let it flourish further. Every system has its faults, and no one is denying that there are issues in Semmelweis University which need improvement. We work as a two-way feedback mechanism to try and minimize these setbacks. The University has shown us their willingness to accept this feedback and implement according reform time and time again. The Student Affairs represent all international students. We would like to help each and every one of you if you bring
your cases to our attention. To make this more efficient we have assembled a guideline viewable and downloadable on www. ISAS.hu in the Student Affairs drop-down menu. Please read through it thoroughly before presenting us with your case. This guideline was constructed as a result of our previous experiences, consultations with the heads of societies, the heads of all departments and has been approved by Prof. Kollai. I would like to take this opportunity to thank two students who helped construct this guideline; Katrina Fenicky and William Gesztes. The Students Affairs Committee (SAC) consists of representatives of the first and second years of all faculties. We will soon advertise for the appointment of 3rd, 4th, 5th and 6th year representatives. The SAC has had good relations with the departments. With cooperation of the departments and the students SAC has managed to resolve many issue on good terms, helping numerous students and teachers. There are many ways you can approach us. Feel free to choose according to your preference. We work closely with the heads of the societies and have representatives among them. You can also approach us independently by filling the form on the ISAS website under the Student Affairs drop down menu.
Student Affairs Committee of all faculties of the first and second year
My fellow students and colleagues: “ask not what your society can do for you— ask what you can do for your society”. Issue NO.1 | May 2012
EVENTS
010
ISAS EVENTS: CARNIVAL INFECBy Daniel Domijan
On March 9th 2012, ISAS along with EHÖK, IÖCS, and DSVS came to-
gether to proudly bring you The International Semmelweis Carnival. The event showcased the efforts of all the associations and organizations of Semmelweis University. It culminated in 2,000 invites selling out long before the event, after months of planning—it was truly a success.
D
oors opened at 19:00, welcoming our guests to the formal Opening Ceremony. The halls of the NET building were lit up by the formally dressed guests, all sporting carnival accessories. Introductions were made by our esteemed Dr. Székely Andrea, Prof. Dr. Ligeti Erzsébet and the rector Prof. Dr. Tulassay Tivadar, followed by several performances, most notably a very exciting dance routine by our very own Dr. Adorian from the First Department of Anatomy.
and support their cultural achievements. The majority of the night—lasting until morning—involved ten hours of constant music on two different dance floors. DJs such as DJ Belo, DJ Szaszim & DJ Suty, DJ Itzy and DJ Scratchy made sure our night was never without music. The other stage housed bands such as Egy Kiss Erzsi Zene, Brains, Beat Dis, and Infectious Behavior. Exploring the halls, one could come across several festive activities including; ‘Color your Beer’, Carnival-Prop Photo shoot, food stands and many more activities that occupied our guests for the extent of the night.
“A very exciting dance routine by our very own Dr. Adorian.“
Following the ceremony, guests streamed into the lecture hall area to enjoy the Multicultural food Festival, hosted by ISAS in collaboration with nineteen different student associations. The other student cultural groups produced what can only be described as an array of delicacies and decorations for the guests to relish. The teams worked tirelessly to prepare a feast of their most celebrated national courses and hors d'oeuvres.
For hours, guests were able to pose for pictures with the Queen of Britain, surf in Israel, dance flamenco with Spaniards, and enjoy each nation’s unique contribution offered. Ambassadors, embassy members, and cultural representatives were among the VIP guests invited to help celebrate ISASReview
TIOUS BEHAVIOR
Since this was an “International” event, we decided to bring in an international band, and Infectious Behavior is nothing less than that. Their band members are not only Semmelweis students, but are great example of cultural diversity and commitment to music.
D
uring the show they also had a lovely guest performance from singer Heidi Braathen Saeland (Norwegian), who is an international veterinary student in Budapest. They played a variety of covers to please the crowd, and are in the process of producing their own material as we speak. Even through tough academic conditions they still managed to find time to get together and practice, and they came out to put on a great show. ISAS is very excited to hear more from them, and we hope you are too. Make sure to stay updated for further shows and appearances on their official facebook group: Infectious behavior society, and artist fan page: Infectious Behavior.
THE BAND IS COMPOSED OF:
ISAS would like to applaud the efforts of, and thank all the participants who made the night such a memorable success. Our university is truly an international university and should recognize all the cultures and nations that are represented. Thank you for providing us the opportunity to showcase our international diversity and cultural zests.
Lead Vocals/Guitarist: Hani Batal (Lebanese American)
We hope you enjoyed the night and are as proud as we are to have taken part in forging a part of Semmelweis history!
Lead Guitarist/Vocals: Ronel Keren (Israeli)
See you again next year!
Drummer/Vocals: Obi Mbagwu (Nigerian American) Bass Guitarist/ Vocals: Andrew Maxwell (Irish).
APPS REVIEW
011
APPS REVIEW By Amit Fhima
Dropbox – iPod / iPhone / iPad / Android - (free)
Dropbox functions like a virtual harddrive— it lets you bring all your photos, docs, and videos anywhere. After you install Dropbox on your computer, any file you save to your Dropbox will automatically be saved to all your computers as well as your iPhone/iPad and even the Dropbox
GoodReader® - iPad / iP-
Note Taker HD
Note Taker HD iPad - $4.99 This is a powerful app for writing and organizing handwritten notes, diagrams, etc on the iPad, and for annotating PDF files. It can shrink your handwriting so you can easily fit a lot of text on a page. It contains a wide array of note-taking options—multiple line thicknesses, colors, fonts, font sizes, finger-drawing input—plus the ability to import PDFs and insert and crop photos.
hone / iPod- $4.99 (for each device you need to pay separately).
Good reader is a very useful app, especially for students and people who use PowerPoint presentations, word documents, PDF, etc on a daily basis. This allows you to have all of your books with you without actually carrying them around. You can organize files in folders, edit, share and sync them in a very easy and comfortable way. GoodReader many file
types,
supports such as:
MS Office - .doc, .ppt., .xls / iWork ’08/’09 / HTML and Safari webarchives / High resolution images / audio and video.
Feeddler – iPod / iPhone / iPad Jango screenshot
website. With the Dropbox app, you can take everything that matters to you on the go.
Jango - iPhone / iPod / Android -
(free)
GoodReader® HD
As students , our music library is not less important than our book library. Jango is a free personalized radio that streams music to your iPhone/iPod/iPad or android device. Start with an artist you like and Jango will create a custom station that plays music from the artist you requested as well as music from similar artists. Instead of loading your phone with music, that needs to be updated every once in a while … you can use Jango , which is always updated, free and does not consume disk space. (An internet connection is required to use this app)
- (free)
A fast and highly customizable Google Reader client, Feeddler stays in perfect sync with Google and presents RSS stories in an easy-to-read interface. RSS (Rich Site Summary) is a format for delivering regularly changing web content. Many news-related sites, weblogs and other online publishers syndicate their content as an RSS Feed to whoever wants it. Which means that if you want to follow the news of a few websites you like, you don’t really need to visit them every day, they will send you the updates to your rss reader and that way you can always stay updated . Feeddler is a universal app that supports iPhones, iPod touches, and iPads. This free version is supported by banner ads (to remove the advertisement you need to pay for the full version) Issue NO.1 | May 2012
BUDAPEST LIFE
012
GÛNTHER AND HEIDI IN HUNGARY By Stine-Lise Kvinnsland
Lake Balaton – Balatonfüred-Tihany
Lake Balaton is the largest lake in central Europe and is also called the “Hungarian Sea”. At Balatonfured you can rent bicycles and enjoy a spectacular view as you bike next to the lake and through vineyards. When you get tired, take a break and go for a swim in the lake. You can also bike to Tihany, where you will get an amazing view of the whole lake. If you have more time than just a day trip, it will take you 2 days to bike around the whole lake (200 km), which is also highly recommended. To get there: Take a 2h 30min train ride from Deli p.u. to Balatonfüred.
Kékesteto
Kekesteto is Hungary’s highest mountain, peaking at 1025 meters. It lies in the northern part of the country in Matra Nature Conservation Area. It’s a fantastic place to go for a day trip if you are looking for nature and to take a break from your studies, and takes 2 hours to get there from Budapest by bus. To get there: Take Metro 2 to Stadionok. at the bus terminal there is a bus number 3 (Volanbusz, ticket price ~800Fts) that you can take to Matrahaza.
ISASReview
BUDAPEST LIFE
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Szentendre
Szentendre is a riverside town near Budapest. You can rent a bicycle in Budapest and bike on a bicycle track next to the Danube to get there. On the way out of Budapest you will see very picturesque landscapes as you make your way to Szentendre. Szentendre is a very charming small village with restaurants, a Marzipan museum and a beautiful landscape. When you're there you get the feeling of being in a Mediterranean village. A perfect place to go in the afternoon or after school to freshen up your mind. To get there: Take the 4/6 tram there take the HEV to the final have a metro card). Or you can git bridge where you will find a
over the Margit bridge to Batthany ter, from stop (~35minutes, and costs ~200Fts if you rent a bicycle and then bike over the Mar20 km long bike road next to the Danube.
Miskolc –Tapolca Lillafßred
Tapolca is a small village with one of the most beautiful baths in Hungary. The bath is in a natural cave and has indoor and open-air pools. If you have more than one day you can take a bus to Lillafured. This small city lies in the Bukk mountains. Here you have possibilities to go hiking, visiting caves and get to know a very charming Hungarian village around a castle and a lake in the middle of the mountains. To get there: Take the train from Kelleti train station to Miskolc (in the northern part of Hungary, 2 hours away) where you can take a bus to Tapolca. Issue NO.1 | May 2012
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Students’ Scientific Association (TDK) By Nikoletta Orosz
A unique feature of Hungarian universities is that undergraduate students can be involved in top-level scientific research. Students have their own institutions –the Students’ Scientific Association, called „Tudományos Diákkör” (TDK) in Hungarian– and organize their own scientific conferences.
D
uring the last ten years the number of students involved in scientific research has doubled and the number of lecturers attending TDK Conferences has significantly increased. Currently, more than 1000 students of Semmelweis University are involved in science in addition to their regular studies and more than 400 of them present their results at the Annual TDK Conferences. Students of the University often win prizes at national and international conferences and many of them become co- or first authors of research papers published in international journals. Each year the ten best students receive the title of “Outstanding TDK Student of Semmelweis University” at the end of their studies. The TDK Council holds close contact with international organizations. TDK is directed by Council of the Students’ Scientific Association. Currently the president is Prof. Béla Merkely, the vice-president is Krisztina Káldi and the secretary is Gábor Széplaki. The other
members of the Council are lecturers of the University and numerous student representatives. For any questions please contact Nikoletta Orosz, coordinatorof the Council, who will help with great pleasure. For further information, please visit the website (www.tdk.sote.hu; the construction of the in English version is in currently progress with the assistance of ISAS).
details will be announced at the beginning of the autumn semester, these details can be found on this website. The students might win prestigious awards, those ones with the best performances will have the opportunity to take part at the National Student Conference which is held biannually. Credit points can be obtained depending on the results of the TDK works.
Process for becoming a member of the Students’ Scientific Association
Certification of the Students’ Scientific Association
If a medical student intends to be the member of the TDK,he/she has to select a scientific topic. In connection with this, he/she has to find an institution which is suitable for his/her interest and there he/she has to choose a supervisor with a TDK representative's help. The TDK representative announces the student at the TDK coordinator, in this way the student will be registered.
Students registered for at least 2 semesters are able to present their works at the University Student Scientific Conference. The call for the conference and the exact
The students have to send a completed data sheet via e-mail (semmelweis.tdk@gmail. com) the datasheet is available on the website) or hand it to the TDK Council Office (NET, No-4 ground-floor, Nagyvárad tér 4). You might need this certification to other applications, e.g. ERASMUS grants, etc.
Support for participation at scientific conferences: The Council of the Students’ Scientific Association announces grants supporting the participation in scientific congresses, which can cover travel costs or registration fees. You have to submit the applications for travel supporting at the Student Coordinator. Applications are evaluated every second month. Students who won first, second or third prizes at the TDK conference have the biggest chance to win these grants.
Contact Nikoletta Orosz, coordinator semmelweis.tdk@gmail.com; +36208252970, +36208259612 NET, No-4 ground-floor, Nagyvárad tér 4
ISASReview
FOOD REVIEW
COFFEE GROUNDS By Simon Dulz & Rudi Paula
015
Most students don’t care where their coffee comes from or who makes it, as long as it’s amply caffeinated. Budapest has long been reputed to have a strong “coffeehouse culture.”
U
nfortunately for the coffee aficionados amongst us, it doesn’t live up to its reputation— the selection is pretty sparse. Princess sells cheap bad coffee, the larger franchises sell expensive bad coffee. And everywhere in between you can find coffee drinking experiences that vary in quality at widely different price points. There are the fancy cafés that are a nice treat, but they are far away from our daily lives and not very convenient for the everyday caffeine fix. The simple truth is that there aren't many places where the coffee culture and espresso is taken as seriously as in many other big cities. We have taken it upon ourselves to find the small cafés where emphasis is placed on perfection and quality, as opposed to quantity, and where there are baristas who take their craft seriously. We tested three cafés that fit our criteria. The things we looked for were: taste, crema, finish (or aftertaste), and how well the espresso combines into a cappuccino - as well as general ambience and service of the location. LUMEN (http://photolumen.hu) is located conveniently across the square from the 24hour Library at Mikszath Kalman tér. It is a well-kept secret amongst most of the foreign students. Not only is it a place to enjoy some highly recommended hummus and cappuccino, it is also a space for photographers to exhibit their work. Small and cozy, with a place to sit outside in the summer as well, it benefits from a lovely location. Some time ago Peti started making his own blend of coffee, and has been roasting beans as well in the in-house roaster. And you can taste the hard work: Lumen wins a definite first place in the "best cappuccino" category, and a close second place with his espresso. Price: 320ft espresso, 380ft cappuccino
Caffé da Carlo at the Italian Cultural Institute - Brody Sandor utca 8. This café is housed in the same building as the Italian Cultural Institute, right next the the Hungarian National Museum by Astoria. They offer various antipasti and excellent varieties of coffee. The coffee brand used is Lavazza. In the summer you can sit outside and enjoy the view to the National Museum, shaded by the trees Price: 290ft
Printa - You may know Tibor Varady from WellNET café in the NET building, where he worked some years ago. He has moved on to bigger and much better things, with his own café inside the designer art shop "Printa" in Rumbach Sebestyen utca 10 (www.printa. hu). Last year he placed 3rd in the Hungarian Barista Championship, only a few months after opening his café! The coffee used is the acclaimed Has Bean roaster in the UK. He also offers a selection of what is probably the best carrot cake in town and some fine teas. This is some of the best espresso to be had in Budapest! Price: 300ft espresso, 500ft cappuccino, “tasting menu” 1 espresso+1cappuccino: 550ft Issue NO.1 | May 2012
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SUDOKU
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Issue NO.1 | May 2012
DENTISTRY
018
"BEAUTY IS POWER, A SMILE IS ITS SWORD", Charles Reade
By Dr. Ekaterina Khait,
Semmelweis University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics
Esthetic dentistry has evolved significantly over the last decade, and has already set a high bar for expectations. Although a universal understanding of what comprises beauty may never be reached, there are certain standards that may esthetically enhance the perception of any piece of artwork. ISASReview
DENTISTRY
M
odern dentistry is providing countless amounts of tools and materials that are specifically developed for dental restorations that would live up to high expectations of patients and fulfill all the esthetic and functional requirements. In this article a treatment case, done in the Semmelweis University, Faculty of Dentistry, Department of Prosthodontics, will be presented. Different kinds of materials, techniques, and tools that were used to fulfill this complex esthetic case will be discussed along with the major advantages and effects of their use.
Where did the tooth go?
The patient arrived to the clinic with a large missing piece of the upper central tooth. Her wish was to do a full esthetic rehabilitation, and to have the possibility to smile proudly again.
amount of tooth structure can be built up to retain future supra-structure. The post is fastened to the endodontically treated tooth to hold the prosthetic restoration. As dentistry is taking big steps forward, the 'black' metal posts are used less and less due to the esthetic demands of the patients and high risks of the lengthwise fractures of the root from the professional point of view. The dental trend nowadays is the use of fiber posts, which (apart from its esthetic benefits) significantly decrease the risk of fracture and present ideal mechanical properties. With the composition of unidirectional pretensed glass fibers bound in a proprietary epoxy resin matrix, fiber post provides higher flexural strength compared to the metal ones, at the same time exhibiting a modulus of elasticity nearly equivalent to the natural tooth structure therefore absorbing and dissipating stress, opposed to metal posts which tend to transfer and concentrate stress in the residual part of the root. Another great advantage that the fiber posts present is its high retentive properties, which are equal or even greater than that of the metal posts, provided by the retentive post surface and modern bonding adhesives and resin cements. On top of that, fiber posts cannot corrode and are fully biocompatible. The fiber post was therefore a treatment choice for our patient, with insertion of which the missing coronal part of the incisor was acquired. Dentsply post and core system was used for the restoration.
Sending the information to the dental technician.
Building up the tooth.
The first part of the treatment was regaining missing tooth structure. A decision to use post and core system was made due to insufficient coronal part of the tooth. With this kind of dental restoration, desired
After the proper preparations of the builtup tooth surfaces were carried out, the recording of that status had to be sent to the dental laboratory for the processing of the desired restoration. To do that, an iTero digital impression and bite recording system from Cadent was chosen. This stateof-the-art system digitally detects the surface and precise contours of the prepared tooth and gingival structures with the help of a laser and optical scanning. With its great advantage of avoiding the need to use the scanning powder it shows all the structures found in the mouth, ideally documenting supra-gingival and
019
sub-gingival preparations. This procedure only requires 3-5 minutes. As a result a 360° area allows complete visualization of the preparation, offering a chance for any further real-time corrections with the possibility of confirming the adequacy. The patient was very satisfied with the choice of this system, especially since she had a very strong gag reflex and had always been very sensitive to the conventional methods of impression taking — which may occasionally lead to imprecisions. Digital oral scanning increased the comfort of our patient, providing a comfortable and painless option for impression taking. When the digital record was complete, data was sent for CAD/CAM processing. The models were milled from polyurethane material in Germany and shipped to our partner dental laboratory, where the computer-aided design of the framework was done. The data was then sent to the center where computer aided manufacturing was done on a Straumann CAD/CAM system. Lastly, the framework was shipped back to the laboratory.
Choice of restoration. As our patient was interested in acquiring a highly esthetic result, a choice of using zirconia-based ceramics was made. This material has become a very widely offered option for the patients interested in esthetic restoration. The most appealing side of it is that it is metal free, and gives more natural-looking translucency compared to metal-ceramic restorations—the esthetic limitations of which pose a great dilemma for obtaining lifelike restorations. As they are constructed on dark metal alloy base, the final restoration may look opaque, monochromatic and can show a grey shade along the gum line. Zirconia, on the other hand, is a semi translucent material, being only slightly more opaque than the natural tooth structure (dentin), therefore offering a natural appearance of the final restoration. At the same time it exhibits a high flexural strength and fracture resistance, indicating the material's clinical reliability.
A Hollywood smile is always white. While our restoration was Issue NO.1 | May 2012
DENTISTRY
020
ide based whitening gel and the mercury metal halide light, to give quick and effective results in obtaining a lighter shade of teeth. This in-office bleaching took only 2 hours for the whole procedure; following this we waited 3 weeks for the final result. As the final shade of the teeth was achieved after teeth bleaching, the shade for the final veneering of the crown had to be selected.
being processed, whitening of both upper and lower teeth was carried out to obtain the most optimal final esthetic results. Tooth bleaching is a very common procedure, which is done due to staining of teeth that usually occurs with age, enhanced by numerous factors. Our patient was offered teeth whitening with Zoom!, which employs the combination of hydrogen perox-
The final outcome
General Merchandise By Judy Kohut
Students and faculty of Semmelweis University have the opportunity of gaining access to a number of ISAS merchandise. Items range from sweatshirts, polo shirts, t-shirts, sweat pants to key chains. There are numerous sizes and colors available for all items and serve as great gifts. Orders can be made through our website (www.isas.hu) by clicking on the item of choice and adding it to the cart. Once the item is chosen, there are many available options for sizes. Sizes range from Small to X-Large for all sweat shirts, ISASReview
We used digital and visual systems. We measured shade with Vita Easyshade spectrophotometer and did the visual comparison with the Linearguide. We also sent digital photos and natural characteristics of the adjacent teeth to the laboratory for the final veneering. The final veneering of the zirconia crown was made and cemented to the upper central incisor. The upper front region was successfully restored along with the general outlook of the patient's smile, as the lighter shade of the teeth always rehabilitates the face in a miraculous way. The crown is unnoticeable as it blends with the rest of the teeth and gives a lifelike appearance. The
above-presented
case
shows a complex esthetic rehabilitation of the smile based on the use of the modern dental equipment, gradually simplifying the dental procedure for the dental practitioner and providing a more enjoyable dental experience for the patient. As a result a highly esthetic and clinically reliable dental restoration was achieved, giving the patient confidence to smile.
Acknowledgments: I would like to thank my supervisor, Dr. Judit Borbely for guiding me through this esthetic restorative treatment, and Prof. Dr. Peter Hermann for giving an opportunity to work with the equipment and materials encountered in the case.
Dental laboratory work was done by Hajdu Zoltan.
The author declares no financial interest in any of the products cited herein.
The full article, including all references, can be found online at www. isas.hu under the menu “ISAS Review�
t-shirts, sweat pants, and polo shirts. Our hoodie and sweat pant collection is our most popular and currently available in three colors: grey, blue, and black. They are designed for the three English faculties of medicine, dentistry, and pharmacy. Each arm of the sweat shirt has a scripted faculty title, as well as the sweat pant. Our university name is largely printed on the front, with the ISAS logo on the back of the hood. The Semmelweis t-shirt comes in white with the university name printed in blue. The Semmelweis polo is available for all three faculties, with the title printed on the front along with the school emblem. The polo serves as a sophisticated way to represent Semmelweis University. The key-chain is a stylish but useful item that can be used by everyone! It is a great way to keep organized. Students and faculty members are able to hold onto the memories of their years at Semmelweis University. Years after graduation, students can look back on the wonderful years they shared together. It is the best way to represent Semmelweis University in a proud manner.
021
I WANT TO WORK IN . . . THE UK By Ehsan Kani
WORK REQUIREMENTS TO WORK IN THE UK, DOCTORS WILL GENERALLY NEED 2 YEARS OF POST GRADUATE EXPERIENCE. TO TAKE PART IN UK TRAINING PROGRAMS, IT IS ADVISED THAT DOCTORS COMPLETE 1 YEAR POST GRADUATE WORK IN HUNGARY.
Are there any special requirements the countries require? (vaccinations, visas, language skills) •
EU nationals will not need any visas.
•
All doctors are expected to have an English level of IELTS 6.5 to 7
•
Non EU nationals will require sponsorship either by an employer or by the specialist body offering them training.
•
Non EU national doctors, even those who have gained their medical degree from an EU country, will have to complete both an IELTS examination (gaining a 7 in all fields), as well as taking part in both PLAB examinations.
•
Those Non EU nationals who believe they should have EU rights (ie, has an EU spouse or child) can apply for EU rights with the aid of an EU rights lawyer. If granted, this will mean they do not need to complete IELTS, or any of the PLAB examinations.
Are any special exams needed? Those doctors who are non EU nationals will have to complete the UK equivalent of the USMLE, the PLAB.
Is there an existing student exchange program? There are. MUS program
is
The one
of
ERASthem.
International recognition
partment specific details, i.e., how many patients are seen, type of cases dealt with, number of operating theatres etc.
Any work experience undertaken in the UK should be accepted and recognised internationally.
Payment
Medical degrees obtained in the EU, should be recognised internationally. The road to the recognition will vary on the country and on the nationality of the doctor in question, i.e. an EU national will be automatically granted recognition in any other EU country. In the US they will have to take part in the USMLE examinations, and in Australia they will also need to take part in equivalency examination. A non-EU doctor will be granted recognition once equivalency examinations have been completed. This applies to most countries (in many cases, this includes the doctor's home country)
Does SOTE accept it as a qualified hospital? International exchange programs are accepted by SOTE (i.e. ERASMUS). In the past, whether overseas experience is accepted or not has depended upon the supervisor under whom the doctor is studying here in Hungary. In general, those hospitals who are training hospitals there, will be counted as training hospitals here. The UK hospital should offer the local hospital some details about the size of the hospital, number of consultants, registrars, a list of what departments the hospital deals with. In specific cases, the hospital may need to supply de-
EU law states that no agency operating within the EU and dealing with the movement of the labour force is allowed to accept money from candidates in return for finding them employment.
Cost of living This varies. In smaller cities, cost of shared accommodation would be about 500£/month. An additional £500 would be required for other living costs ( going out, buying food, public transport). Of course, less— or
you on
can live on a lot more.
Average starting salary. A very basic starting salary would be around 32,000£/annum. Much higher salaries going up to 100,000£/annum are offered.
Contact information Local Office in Budapest: A-Team Hungary Kft. Budapest 1061, Paulay Ede utca 55. 1411
1245.
UK
Office:
The
Old
Email A-Team
Fire
Station,
mingham, B13EA.
+36
info.hungary@ateamhr.com Health 69
Recruitment Albion
Street,
Ltd, Bir-
+441216947015
Other offices in Dublin, Warsaw and Bucharest. Special thanks go to Mr. Harry Harron, the president of Irish Hungarian Business Circle, who was interviewed for this article and provided the information.
Issue NO.1 | May 2012
MEDICINE
022
THE THERAPEUTIC EFFECT OF LOW DOSE GELATIN AS A DIETARY SUPPLEMENT FOR FEMALE HAIR LOSS By Nadav Pam , 6th year medical and TDK student in the department of Dermatology. He successfully defended his diploma work on the same topic in April 2011. Email: nadavpam@gmail.com
The full article, including all references, can be found online at www.isas.hu under the menu “ISAS Review” ISASReview
MEDICINE
023
Previously, female hair loss was believed to be caused by testosterone just as in male baldness, but recent evidence shows that many women who lose their hair have normal testosterone levels. Female hair loss has become a growing problem, which according to the American Academy of Dermatology affects around 30 million women in United States and about 15 million UK adults; both men and women, experience some form of hair loss or hair thinning at any given time.
H
umans have a mosaic growth pattern; i.e. hair growth and loss are not synchronized or seasonal (as in some mammals) but occur at random, so that hair loss is continuous. Each hair follicle perpetually goes through five stages in the hair growth cycle: Anagen - Growth Phase Catagen - Transitional phase Telogen - Resting Phase Kenogen - emptiness of the follicle after shedding Exogen - a distinct shedding at the end of the phase of the hair cycle. The human hair cycle is different for each hair. However, the overall quantity of hair remains roughly constant. Normally on the scalp, about 85% of the hairs are anagen and below 1% are in catagen and 15% are in telogen. The hair cycle is subject to many influences including hormones, growth factors, cytokines, and neuropeptide and even seasonal factors, reflecting the needs of our distant ancestors. Hair thickness is directly proportional to the size of the hair bulb and hair papillae. The mean thickness on the scalp is around 70µm, but with marked individual variation. During aging, the scalp hairs become thinner except for the eyebrow hair, nasal, and external ear hair, which will thicken (especially in men). The average uncut scalp hair length is estimated to be 25 - 100 cm, although exceptional hairs may be as long as 170 cm. In the human scalp, hair follicles may remain in a state of latency also known as kenogen for a prolonged period. Kenogen is a novel phenomenon: the emptiness of the follicle after teloptosis. It is a known fact that food deficiencies can cause a weakening, a thinning, and a loss of hair, as well as other factors: stress, aging, topical or systemic diseases, and pharmacological treatments. Gelatin is a pure protein obtained from
raw materials containing collagen. It is a translucent brittle solid substance, colorless or slightly yellow, nearly tasteless and odorless, extracted from the collagen of animal connective tissue. Gelatin has been commonly used in food, pharmaceuticals, photography and cosmetic industries. Gelatin is easy to use, it gels within the normal pH range of most foods and does not require the addition of salts, sugars, or acids to set. There are virtually no side effects and it is considered safe to use. Food intake is normally associated with an increase in metabolic rate and a rise in body temperature. This phenomenon is known as specific dynamic effect. As early as 1926, Rapport et al. discovered that gel-
“It is a known fact that food deficiencies can cause a weakening, a thinning, and a loss of hair” atin exhibited one of the highest specific dynamic effects of any food. The increase in body temperature due to specific dynamic effect was thought to be caused by an increase in peripheral blood flow. This hypothesis is supported by an article in which finger blood volume was found to increase following gelatin ingestion. Moreover, increased blood flow had been shown to increase the growth rate of some tissues in both animals and men. Additionally, nail growth in humans was shown to improve when circulation to the nail bed was increased. It is therefore postulated that the specific dynamic effect of gelatin was the factor responsible of its influence
on hair diameter. Numerous studies have been conducted to determine the effects of diets deficient in one or more essential amino acids. There are also many reports on the effects of diets containing an excess of one or more essential amino acids. A review of the all the up-to-date medical literature of studies regarding the effect of gelatin on female pattern hair loss in clinical controlled environment show a positive result in the effect of gelatin in the growth of hair. The clinical results in TE are faster than in AGA with an oral dosage of minimum 1.5g gelatin/day. In TE the duration of the treatment is 3–6 months while in AGA the clinical treatment is at least 12 months. In female who has both TE and AGA the treatment time depends on clinical results. After reviewing many medical articles and journals about the administration of oral gelatin to females in different ages and with different state of health and sickness, such as telogen effluvium (TE) androgenic alopecia (AGA), seborrheic alopecia, improves alopecia of the diffuse type, and improves linear hair growth. My research shows that oral gelatin supplementation is considered as a safe and effective treatment for female hair loss without any side effects. Acknowledgements 1. Norbert M. Wikonkál, M.D., Ph.D., med. Habil, Associate Professor of Dermatology and Clinical Oncology, Budapest, Hungary. 2. Zeev Pam, M.D., Dermatologist, Manager of Aripam medical center, Ashdod, Israel. Issue NO.1 | May 2012
024
NEPTUN
E
Some of you have been using the Neptun system for many years and some have just recently begun using it. This system is at the heart of Semmelweis University’s student life and knowing how to take advantage of it can prove invaluable at times. Here, some vital points are mentioned which are always to be remembered regarding the use of Neptun.
By Issa Pour-Ghaz
veryone should always remember how to access the Neptun system. This is through the website neptun. sote.hu. Here you choose your access level, Student, since the Professors and Faculty also use Neptun, and in the following page your language. Now you enter your Neptun code and Password. Why should you check your Neptun from time to time? University sends out Neptun messages which appear in the Inbox section of your Neptun account. Remember to read the emails as they contain some important information sent from the English Secretary and your Professors and course coordinators. Information regarding the date of registration for exams and details of the classes, if changed, will be sent through Neptun. Even though, like any system, Neptun too has its downsides, this system is being revised and redesigned continuously. This might not be obvious at first glance, but many things have been changing behind the scenes.
How do I do the Registration? Before you think about registering for any courses, remember to make your status Active by going to the Administration menu in Neptun, and then choose the Registration ISASReview
/ Login menu option. Find your current year and semester, for example for 20112012 academic years’ Second semester, would look like 2011/12/2. Click on the Option link on the right, click on Register, then choose Active and press Save. What are the advantages that Neptun offers? One of the big advantages that this system offers is the fact that you can register for the groups you want and plan your own schedule. Another advantage is that students can register and de-register freely for the first two (2) weeks of the school/ semester. Neptun also allows the students to see the exact time of the course and different practices since they can be different than the one on ora.sote.hu due to some last minute changes. On Neptun, you can check how many credits you have taken as Elective and Obligatory courses and manage your course load until the end of your studies. In this manner you are not surprised by finding out that you need to take some extra courses later on. Since usually the registration dates are hectic, you should schedule your courses well before the deadline. This allows you to choose the In-Demand courses first and lets you have a clear algorithm for course registration. What are the important things to keep in mind in the exam period? As you can
imagine, the exam period in itself is chaotic, which is even more true for Neptun. As a result, every student should have a clear exam timetable set, however, not just one but several different variations. Since a lot of people are registering you should always choose the one you think is busier or the exam you want to be the first. Hence, prioritize your exams. On the other hand, you should always remember that some students drop their selected exams just before the exam date and spots open up on the specific date two or three days ahead. Another amazing option that Neptun offers is that you can take and drop the exams for an unlimited amount of time before the end of the exam period as long as it is done 48 hours or more before the exam. One more crucial point about exam registration is that you should always synchronize your computer clock because registration usually starts on whole hours, for example at 20:00. In summary: remember to check your Neptun continuously, remember to make your status active before you register for any courses, make your timetable before hand by checking ora.sote. hu and Neptun, plan your exams ahead, and go for the first choice first according to your plan. Finally, always remember to study hard! Good luck to all of us!
025
By Johanna Cederbom
MORE BIZARRE THAN NOBLE – THE IG-NOBEL PRIZES & LEVITATING FROGS
Every year the Nobel Prizes are bestowed upon scientists “who, during the preceding year have conferred the greatest benefit on mankind”. The fortuitous winners of this, the most prestigious prize in the field of science, are invited to Stockholm to take part in the Nobel festivities and receive their prizes from the Swedish King himself. They are awarded a large sum of money (this year the sum amounts to 10 million SEK, approximately 1,080,000 EUR), and will be remembered and honored for their achievements for the rest of their lives and beyond.
H
owever, there is a great deal of research in progress around the globe and the majority of this is less noble, and has slim chances to be of any aid to humanity. Will these experiments, performed in the wee hours of the night, with their creators wrecking their brains to figure out the next step, just be forgotten and discarded as failures? The answer: Yes. That would be the likely event of the majority of research experiments. However, for those who actually manage to prove something with their hard toil in the lab, no matter the lack of actual usefulness, there is still one chance.: the Ig-Noble prizes. Every year, slightly before the somewhat more distinguished Nobel Prizes are announced, the Annals of Improbable research announce the winners of Ig-Nobel Prizes, given to true scientists whose research will “first make you smile and then think”. Ignoble literally means "characterized by baseness, lowness, or meanness" but in this case alludes to Alfred
Nobel and the prizes that bear his name. This year’s Ig-nobel prizes were awarded in the end of September. The Biology prize went to a British team who documented fellatio in fruit Bats. The Peace prize was given for scientifically proving that swearing relieves pain (never mind the “pain gate theory,” this is much cooler!). For their discovery that a roller coaster ride relieves the symptoms of asthma, a Dutch duo received the prize for Medicine. Do you still remember the basic chemistry rule that oil and water do not mix? Well, forget it now. The winner of the Chemistry prize has once and for all disproved that old notion…
“using slime mold to map out the optimal route for railroad tracks” Apart from the standard prize categories of the Nobel Prize the Ig-Nobels have added a few. There is a public health prize which this year was awarded to American scientists showing that microbes have a propensity to cling to bearded scientists. (Thereby also confirming my dear grandmother’s statement that one should never trust a bearded man.) For the second year in a row, a UK-based science team received an Ig-Nobel for their work on slime mold. This year the Transportation planning prize was handed to them for the amazing achievement of using slime mold to map out the optimal route for railroad tracks. Congratulations… As a matter of fact, the team also contains a Hungarian woman from Szeged whom helped to show that the same slime mold can solve puzzles. Another Hungarian contribution was awarded for calculating the pressure that builds up inside penguins as they poo. The Nobel Prize as we know it is handed to the Nobel laureates during a royal ceremony in the Blue Hall of the City hall of Stock-
holm. It is accompanied by an impressive banquet with 1300 guests, mouthwatering menus, beautiful dresses and longstanding rituals. The Ig-Nobel Prizes, on the other hand, are delivered during a ceremony at Sanders Theatre, Harvard University, the winners will have to finance their own tickets to and from the US, and the prize, according to one winner, is not exactly esthetically pleasing (also, there seems to be very little cash compensation.) What the two events have in common is the presence of real Nobel Laureates, who participate in the Ig-Noble ceremony by handing out the prizes to their less acclaimed colleagues. However, the Ig-Nobel awards have something that the Nobel celebration lacks, and that is: a complete, for the occasion newly written, mini opera; a pathogenic bacterial piano concerto; paper planes (thrown by the audience) and a sword eater. During the years many lucky (?) researchers have been awarded, and some of them are not as unknown and obscure as one might think. Amongst the winners we find the inventor of Karaoke (peace prize for the new method on how to increase our tolerance of others), the creator of Tamagotchi (economy prize for effectively stopping millions of persons from working in favor of caring for digital pets.) and the Monkey Business illusion (psychology prize for showing how easy it is to fail to spot a person in gorilla suit if the focus is somewhere else) that has millions of views on YouTube. Interestingly enough, the winner of this year’s Nobel Prize in physics, Andre Geim, was also awarded the Ig-Nobel prize in physics back in 2000 for making a frog levitate by using magnets. Perhaps I should add that the former was given for a slightly different topic. Hopefully, students despairing over their choice of thesis topic will be encouraged by the fact that the only limiting factor in their research is their supervisor’s objections. Outlandish or deviant imagination seems to pose no hindrances whatsoever to "success". Issue NO.1 | May 2012
PHARMACY
026
POISONING BY ORGANOPHOSPHATE PESTICIDES AND NERVE GASES – NEW WAYS OF DEFENSE?
ORGANOPHOSPHATES ARE GROUPS OF HETEROGENOUS COMPOUNDS THAT ARE ESTERS OF PHOSPHORIC ACID WITH TWO ORGANIC SIDE CHAINS. THEY ARE VERY POPULAR AS INSECTICIDES, HERBICIDES, ANTHELMINTICS HOWEVER SOME OF THEM ARE DANGEROUS CHEMICAL WARFARE AGENTS, KNOWN AS NERVE GASES. ORGANOPHOSPHATES ARE VERY LIPID-SOLUBLE COMPOUNDS AND RAPIDLY ABSORBED BY ALL ROUTES, EVEN FROM THE SKIN AND CONJUNCTIVA. ACUTE POISONING OF ORGANOPHOSPHATE CAUSES A RANGE OF SIGNS AND SYMPTOMS CHARACTERISTIC FOR ANTICHOLINESTERASE COMPOUNDS.
By Farzad Hashemi
A
cetylcholine is the neurotransmitter produced by neurons. It is an ester of acetic acid and choline. Acetylcholine has different functions both in the central nervous system (CNS) and in the peripheral nervous system (PNS). In the peripheral nervous system, acetylcholine plays a role in skeletal muscle movements, regulation of smooth muscle and cardiac muscle functioning. In the central nervous system, acetylcholine is also involved in many functions including learning, memory and mood.
Acetylcholinesterase (AChE) is responsible for the inactivating hydrolysis of the neurotransmitter acetylcholine. Two forms of the human AChE are known, the “true” AChE is present in the nervous system and the red blood cells and the pseudocholinesterase is present in the serum and the liver. The symptoms of organophosphate poi-
Site affected
Cholinergic Receptor
1
Bladder
Muscarinic
Urinary frequency, urinary incontinence
2
Cardiovascular system
Muscarinic
Bradycardia, bradydisrhythmias, hypotension
3
Eyes
Muscarinic
Blurred vision, lacrimation, miosis, mydriasis
4
Exocrine glands
Muscarinic
Increased salivation, perspiration
5
Gastrointestinal tract
Muscarinic
Abdominal cramps, diarrhea, nausea, vomiting
6
Respiratory system
Muscarinic
Bronchoconstriction, increased bronchial secretion, rhinorrhea
Table 1. Characteristic signs and symptoms of anticholinesterase compounds.
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Manifestation
soning are due to the overabundance of acetylcholine at both types of cholinergic receptors (muscarinic and nicotinic) in the cholinergic synapses present in the central nervous system, in the somatic nerves, at the parasympathetic nerve endings and in the ganglionic synapses of autonomic ganglia. The officially accepted protocol for the treatment after exposure to organophosphates is known by the acronym AFLOP (atropine, fluid, oxygen and pralidoxime). Atropine is an antagonist for the muscarinic acetylcholine receptor. Unfortunately, the clinically available specific antidote (pralidoxime) is far from satisfactory effect, therefore there is a permanent need for new effective antidotes. Intensive research is going on worldwide on the field. Beside pralidoxime, other pyrimidium oximes such as obidoxime, trimedoxime and
PHARMACY
HI-6 are also known antidotes. The antidotal effect of oximes is based on their binding to organophosphate-inactivated acetylcholinesterase. It is worth noting, that while most organophosphates inhibit both forms of AChE, the antidotes are not equipotent in case of the different organophosphate intoxications.
cles. After arrival of signal at the termination of an axon, causing the release of acetylcholine into the synaptic cleft. The enzyme actylcholinestrase in the synaptic cleft, converts acetylcholine into the inactive metabolites choline and acetate to clean free acetylcholine from the synapse.
Prophylactic treatment is necessary in case of threat for organophosphates poisoning, e.g. for rescue personnel. Kuca et al. and Musilek et al. from Czech Republic synthesized a series of new oximes (symmetrical and asymmetrical bis-pyridinium aldoximes) that were found very effective against several organophosphates by regenerating the inhibited AChE. These compounds are marked with the letter K- and a serial number. Some of these KTable 2. The mechanism of action of organophosphate poisoning compounds are Organophosphates cause inhibiting acepromising in the therapy of people poitylcholinesterase, thus leading to excess soned with insecticides, pesticides (e.g. acetylcholine at the neuromuscular juncparaoxon), while some of them show extion and causing paralysis of the muscle. cellent protection against nerve gases (e.g. tabun, sarin) used nowadays by terrorists. Pralidoxime attaches to the site where a Petroianu et al. using both in vitro tests and in vivo animal studies showed that K-27 and K-48 are with much higher efficacy than pralidoxime in protecting acetylcholinestrase. Comparative evaluation of dozens of oximes showed that K-203 was especially effective for the regeneration of tabuninhibited cholinesterase as reported by Musilek et al.
cholinesterase inhibitor has attached, then attaches to the inhibitor, removing the organophosphate from cholinesterase, allowing it to work normally again. Pralidoxime can also detoxify the organophosphate molecule. The complex can be eliminated via the kidneys.
“The officially accepted protocol m a for the treatment after exposure to cokineti c s organophosphates is known by the The mecha(PK) nism of acronym AFLOP” a n d action of organophosphates is shown
in
Table
2.
Acetylcholine is synthesized from choline and acetyl coenzyme-A through the action of the enzyme choline acetyltransferase and becomes packaged into vesi-
Phar-
drug metabolism (DM) of a given antidote play a major role in the efficiency of treatments with pyridinium aldoximes and in the elimination of unwanted effects of organophosphate compounds. Measuring PK and DM data is of high importance
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and are utilized through the selection of antidotes used in medicinal practice, in the formulation of the preparation and in determining the most advantageous route of administration and dosage.
It is also of high importance what is the proportion of pyridinium aldoximes (PYAs) that can enter the brain and the cerebrospinal fluid (CSF). Trials on blood-brain barrier and brainCSF penetration indicate that in spite of the high hydrophilicity of K-compounds a certain amount of them can enter the CNS. Animal experiments indicate that pralidoxime, K-27, K-48 and K-203 administered in low doses (below 10 µM/rat) show higher relative BBB penetration. Co-administration of organophosphates has only minimal influence on BBB penetration. It seems likely that for patients suffered organophosphate intoxication, infusion with lowconcentration of pyridinium aldoximes may be preferable to one injection with a high dose. Preventive treatment may be used by intramuscular injection with a high dose of PYAs. The recently synthesized K-27, K-48 and K-203 may promise a real hope for effective treatment if organophosphate intoxication occurred or in the prevention of potential intoxication. Special thanks to Dr. Huba Kalász huba. kalasz@gmail.com (Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacotherapy), and Dr. Kornélia Tekes drtekes@gmail. com(Department of Pharmacodynamics). Farzad Hashemi is a third year PhD student in Department of Pharmacodynamics. His research is based on the development of HPLC methods for the measurement of biogenic amines and different K-compounds in biological samples. A full list of references used in this article can be found at www.isas. hu under the menu “ISAS Review” Issue NO.1 | May 2012
TRAVEL
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MULI BWANJI? By Line Solheim & Stine-Lise Kvinnsland Looking for some inspiration? Do you feel the need to make a difference? Then volunteering abroad might be the thing for you! Malawi could be your next destination. It was for us.
The capital is Lilongwe Population: 14 million 7th poorest country in the world Average life expectancy of 36 years 1 in 3 Malawians have HIV/ AIDS, which kills over 200 people each day. 750 000 are orphans
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48% of children in Malawi are chronically malnourished. Every 4th child dies before the age of five 7% of the population have electricity 1% of the population go to university Average income per year is 100 $. We pay up to 14500$ a year as a tuition fee.
Malawi, “The Warm Heart of Africa� facts:
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e are two medicals students from Semmelweis University that wanted to do something different during our summer holiday. We were looking for relevant experience in an undeveloped country, a change of culture and a taste of Africa! We ended up spending 4 weeks in a small country called Malawi, were we worked
the project that will help you integrate.
the ride will continue or not might follow.
PROJECTS
Do you like animals? If so, Malawi can provide you with some of the closest contact with animals you could imagine, voluntary or not. The not comes from our fellow volunteers, who had to run from elephants (some though they where lions) as their bike-taxi-drivers exclaimed
for the Malawi Volunteer Organization. The MVO was started by a native Malawian, Francis Njanje, in 2004. He realized the needs of the local people, and how joining such a project could also be an experience for the volunteers. The project is not only about helping the locals, but to explore their culture and country. Over 150 people have joined the organization since its foundation.
spent 3 days per week in the hospital. Here we gave vaccinations to newborns and pregnant women, assisted in medical examinations, and helped analyzing lab tests for malaria and HIV. The other weekdays we spent the mornings in the orphanage. Here we thought them English and prepared the children for primary school. Afternoons were spent with community groups and wound clinics. These afternoons were often challenging, most due to lack of knowledge, as people have a hard time affording secondary school. In between the morning and afternoon projects, the volunteers have a few hours off, which is often spent on the beach next to Lake Malawi, where you are constantly surrounded by the village children asking for your shoes and sunscreen(!).
“ANIMALS, RUUUN!”. The same biketaxi drivers promised them a safe passage into the campsite before sundown. This was not the case. Alternatively you can do a perfectly safe safari in Liwonde National Park, from a car or canoe.
LIVING
When you arrive at the "airport", you will first get worried that your luggage will not arrive. And it might not. A toothless man in the arrivals hall will greet you, with your name misspelled on a piece of paper. He will take you to the MVO "car". The car is stuffed with volunteers, their luggage (if they have it), and huge amounts of potatoes, tomatoes and beans. You will be in this uncomfortable situation for 4 hours, until you get to your destination in Monkey Bay. You will be greeted and welcomed with a prank at the volunteer house, and upon reaching your bed for the next 4 weeks, you will also meet Hector the Erector (Hector is a wooden penis for condom demonstration, who also serves the function of putting the new volunteers in rather embarrassing situations.) The next morning you will discover that all of this was worthwhile, as you see the amazing view of Lake Malawi and the beach right in front of the house. You will be served basic meals by the chef Lison, and during the first week you will get to know the coordinator of
As a volunteer you are given a schedule for every week according to your project requests. This schedule is divided between the orphanages, wound clinic, hospital and HIV/AIDS groups. We applied for the medical program, where we
FREE TIME
During the weekends, the volunteers often go away on excursions. This comes highly recommended, as Malawi is a small country, relatively safe (see box) and boasts some spectacular experiences. To get from A to B, you will catch a matola, a kind of bus in Malawi. This is an experience in its own right. The unlucky traveler might get stuck between a man’s legs, a goat, fish or be surrounded by 50 other people trying to fit in a motola designed for perhaps 12 people. If you’re really unlucky, this overcrowded matola might have to stop in the middle of nowhere with a big surprise: that the tank is empty. A vigorous discussion whether
Do you like mountain hiking? In that case, climbing Mulanje is about as extreme (and unsafe) as it gets. When you are halfway up a mountain that you would never be allowed to climb in your own country without climbing gear, and you see an African woman skipping down with a log on her head, you start to realize that you are different. Upon reaching the summit at 3000m, you start to feel a great sense of pride. Especially when your guide conveniently informs you that not everyone that does this summit survives. He then casually told the story of a U.S. soldier that perished in the area some years ago. However, it’s worth it. You also begin to appreciate how cold Africa can get even during the summer, as you break new intimacy barriers with your fellow travelers when you try to survive the night in minus degrees by huddling close together. Other activities in the area to fill your spare time include kayaking, snorkeling or taking the MVO boat out for a ride. By the end of what seemed like much less than 4 weeks, we had experienced amazing trips and met great people. If this is something for you, please look into these web sites or contact us via email! Malawi needs you and you might need Malawi
www.malawivolunteer.org O
Issue N .1 | May 2012
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HUNGARIAN LESSON by Fanni Nowotta
AS A NEWCOMER, YOU PROBABLY FEEL ALIENATED FROM THE HUNGARIANS DUE TO THE LANGUAGE BARRIER. HOWEVER, IT DOES NOT HAVE TO BE THIS WAY! I AM WRITING THIS ARTICLE WITH A FEW BASIC PHRASES, WHICH ARE HELPFUL FOR DAILY USE. WITH THESE SIMPLE PHRASES, YOU CAN INTERACT AND MEET FELLOW HUNGARIANS; Greetings: Hello!– Szia! (See-ya)–among friends or Jó napot kívánok!(yo nâpot keevaanok)general daily greeting Good morning!-Jó reggelt kívánok! (yo reggelt keevaanok)
Could you repeat it, please?-Meg tudná ismételni, kérem? (meg toodnaa ishmételni kairem) Help!-Segítség! (shegeet-shaig) Watch out!-Vigyázz! (vidjaazz) Careful!- Óvatosan! (aw-vâtoshân) I ’d like a map of the city!-Egy térképet szeretnék! (edj tairkaipet seretnaik)
Please-Kérem! (kairem)
Where am I?-Hol vagyok? (Hol vâdjok)
Thank you!- Köszönöm! (kösönöm)
Is there any student discount?-Van diákkedvezmény? (vân diaak-kedvezmainj)
Youre welcome!-Szívesen! (seeveshen) Excuse me!- Elnézést! (elnaizaisht) Could you help me?- Tudnál segíteni? (toodnaal shegeet-any)
A student monthly pass please!-Egy havi diákbérletet szeretnék! (edj hâvi diaakbeerletet seretnaik)
Good evening!- Jó estét kívánok! (yo eshtét keevaanok)
Would you help me please?-Lenne szíves segíteni? (lenne seevesh shegeeteni)
Nice to meet you!- Örülök, hogy találkoztunk! (örülök hodj talaalkostoonk)
Let me help you!- Hadd segítsek! (hâd shegeetshek)
Bye!- Szia!
I’m sorry!- Sajnálom! (shâynaalom)
Good bye!-Viszontlátásra! (visontlaataashrâ)
I’m Fanni- Fanni vagyok! (Fânni vadjok)
Bless you!-Egészségedre! (egais-shai-gedre)
What’s your name?- Hogy hívnak? (hodj heevnâk)
Good night!- Jó éjt! (yaw aysâkaat)
Get well!-Jobbulást! (yobbulaasht)
How are you?- Hogy vagy? (hodj vâdj)
See you tomorrow!- Holnap látlak! (holnâp laatlâk)
I don’t know!-Nem tudom! (nehm toodom)
I’ll talk to you later!- Később beszélünk! (keesöbb besélünk)
I’m good, thank you!-Jól vagyok, köszönöm! (yawl vâdjok kösönöm)
I’m sorry I don’t understand what you’re saying!-Elnézést, nem értem amit mond! (elnaizaisht nehm airtem âmit mond)
Are you having fun?- Jól érzed magad? (yawl airzed mâgâd)
Take care of youreself!-Vigyázz magadra! (vidjaazz mâgâdrâ) Good luck!-Sok szerencsét! (shok serenchét)
Yes- Igen! (igen) No-Nem! (nehm)
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I’m a foreigner!-Külföldi vagyok! (külföldee vâdjok) I don’t really speak hungarian!-Nem nagyon beszélek magyarul! (nehm nâdjon besailek mâdjârool) But I’m trying to learn it!- De próbálom megtanulni! (de probaalom megtânulni)
Could you give me a tissue?-Tudnál adni egy zsebkendőt? (toodnaal âdni edj zhepkendot)
Are you a hungarian?- Magyar vagy? (mâdjâr vâgy) I like Budapest!- Tetszik Budapest! (tet-sik Budâpest) I like this place!- Tetszik ez a hely! (tet-sik ez â hey) I just moved here! – Csak most költöztem
ide! (châk mosht költöstem e-de) I’m studying at Semmelweis Uni!- A Semmelweisen tanulok! (â semmelweisen tânoolok)
Asking for directions: Were do I find the nearest hospital/ pharmacy/bank/ATM?- Merre találom a legközelebbi kórházat/ gyógyszertárat/ bankot/ATM-et? (merre tâlaalom â legközelebbi kawr-haazât/djawdj-sertaarat/bânkot/ATM-et) Where can I exchange money?-Hol tudok pénzt váltani? (hol toodok painst vaaltâni) Could you recommend a good pub/restaurant/café nearby? Tudnál ajánlani egy jó pubot/éttermet/kávézót a közelben? (toodnaal âjaanlâni edj yo pubot/aitermet/kaaveezot â közelben) Where can I find a bathroom?- Merre találok egy mosdót? (merre tâlaalok edj moshdot)
”Anyone who has never made a mistake has never tried anything new.”- Albert Einstein
Cheers! –Egészségedre! (egais-shaigaidre) This is good! –Ez finom! (ez feenom) I’ll pay!-Én fizetek! (en feezetek) Could I have the bill, please?-Megkaphatnám a számlát, kérem? (megkâphâtnâm â saamlât) We would like to pay separately!-Külön szeretnénk fizetni! (külön seretneenk feezetnee) How much does it cost?-Mennyibe kerül? (meenjibe kerül)
please?-Ez hideg! Felmelegítené nekem? (ez heedeg felmelegeetené nekem)
Is the service included?-A felszolgálási díjjal együtt?- (a felsolgaalaashâl edjütt)
I’m sorry but I ordered something else!Elnézést de én mást kértem! (Elneezest de én nehm ezt kairtem)
Can I pay with credit card?-Fizethetek kártyával? (feezethetek kaartjaavâl)
At a restaurant:
Could I have some bread/salt/pepper/ vinegar/olive oil?-Kaphatnék egy kis kenyeret/sót/borsot/ecetet/oliva olajat? (kâphâtneek edj kish kenjeret/shot/borshot/etsetet/olivâ olâjât)
Do you have a free table?-Van szabad asztaluk? (vân sabad âstâluk)
Would you like any desserts?- Kérsz desszertet? (kairs dessertet)
What would you like to eat?-Mit szeretnél enni? (mit seretneel enni)
Thank you, that was delicious!Köszönöm, nagyon finom volt! (kösönöm nadjon feenom volt)
Would you like to eat in or take away?-Itt fogyasztod vagy elviszed? (itt fodjâstod vâdj elvised )
At a pub or café:
Could we see the menu, please?-Láthatnánk az étlapot kérem? (laathâtnaank âz aitlâpot)
What would you like to drink? Mit szeretnél inni? (mit seretneel ennee)
What would you recommend?-Mit ajánlana?(mit âyaanlânâ)
Can I buy you a drink?- Meghívhatlak egy italra? (megheevhâtlâk edj eetâlra)
That’s all, thank you!- Ez minden, köszönöm! (ez minnden kösönöm)
Can I buy you a coffee/tea?- Meghívhatlak egy kávéra/teára? (megheevhâtlak edj kaaveera/te-yaara)
Enjoy your meal!-Jó étvágyat! (yo aitvaadjât)
A coffee please! With sugar/milk/creamEgy kávét kérek, cukorral/tejjel/tejszínnel! (edj kaavait kairek tsookorral/teyel/teyseennel)
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Do you have any draft beers?- Van csapolt sörük? (vân châpolt shörük)
Booking a table! I’d like to make a reservation for today/ tomorrow for 2 people at 8pm.!- Szeretnék foglalni egy asztalt mára/ holnapra két főre este 8-ra! (Seretnaik foglâlni edj âstâlt maara/holnâprâ kait före eshte njoltsrâ)
This food’s delicious!- Finom ez a kaja! (feenom ez â ka-ya) This is cold! Can you heat it up for me,
A tea/water please!-Egy teát/vizet kérek! (edj teyaat/veezet kairek) I’ll have what she/he is having!- Azt kérem amit ő! (âst kairem âmit ö) I’ll have a glass of red/white wine please!Egy pohár vörös/ fehér bort kérek! (edj pohaar vörös/fehair bort kairek) A mug/glass of beer please!-Egy korsó/ pohár sört kérek! (edj korsho/ pohaar sört kairek) Issue NO.1 | May 2012
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