02
CHAIRMANS NOTE
NEW START! NEW SEMESTER! NEW CHALLENGES! Dear Students/Colleagues Welcome to the 2012-2013 academic year! My name is Charlie Attariani and as Chairman of the International Students Association of Semmelweis (ISAS) I would like to welcome you to Semmelweis University. As I approach my final year before graduating, I look forward to another academic year filled with excitement and I hope you also find it stimulating and rewarding. I would also like to take this opportunity to congratulate all the new students on their acceptance to Semmelweis University! Not a day goes by that I am not equally grateful and amazed by the opportunities I have been granted here at Semmelweis University. It is an extraordinary place of learning where remarkable and influential members of society are formed. We are all a part of it and it is a part of us. As a 5th year Dental student, I can say with complete conviction that what makes our university exceptional is the commitment and the dedication which the faculties, the staff and the students bring forth each day. Striving for excellence and greatness in the face of a challenge is what makes the students of Semmelweis University unique and not fenced in by their various fields of study. Education is the most powerful tool in changing the world. It is the greatest gift that no one can take from you and also a progressive discovery of our own ignorance. Apart from education, the university ISASReview
experience is about creating a balance between work and play that will leave you with experiences that enhance through your lifetime. Making new friends from all over the world and enjoying yourself while working hard is crucial to a successful year. On behalf of Team ISAS we would like to advise you to take full advantage of any help or support we can offer. Write to us via email with any concerns or helpful suggestions you may have. We wish you alot of success during your time at Semmelweis University! ISAS main agenda for this semester: Introduction of the Student Forum of Excellence Election for New Team ISAS 2013 Opening of the New ISAS office in 1088 Budapest Szentkirรกlyi utca 40. ROOM 6 , Ground floor. Right in front of the elevator Two new information lectures about postgraduate job applications. (Norway and Switzerland, not yet confirmed) Preparations for the Semmeweis University Carnival 2013 I wish you all a great and successful semester
Yours truly, Charlie Attariani
03
EDITORS NOTE
Issue NO.2 Front cover: Keith L. Moore
WELCOME BACK
Back cover: Yoav Litani Back photos: Fekete Zsuzsanna
We are pleased to present you with the second issue of the ISAS Review, the official student magazine of the English program at Semmelweis University. It is a special honour to welcome the new students, who are just at the beginning of their journey, into the community. We wish all the students the best and much success in the years ahead at Semmelweis. As a result of the efforts of Charlie Attariani, the Chairman of ISAS, we had the unique opportunity to interview the eminent embryologist Keith L. Moore, whose name most of us recognize from studying anatomy in the first two years. Special thanks go to Prof. Molnar Miklos from the Pathophysiology Department, for contributing an article about Hungarian wine – and to three Hungarian students in the TDK program who wrote about their research topics; Németh Balázs, Zoltan Czigany and Zsolt Turoczi. Unfortunately, due to the fact that we are both in the last year of our studies and will be graduating soon, we will yield our positions as editors. It was an honour to have been involved in creating this magazine and we’re hoping to stay involved in future editions – albeit in a smaller and more informal role. If you (yes, YOU!) are interested in becoming the new editor, a regular writer/contributor or just have any comments or feedback, please contact us at editor@isas.hu.
EDITORS Rudi Paula and Fekete Zsuzsanna
DESIGNER Yoav Litani
PRINTING Scenic Print Kft.
SPECIAL THANKS TO: Prof. Dr. Mark Kollai, Olga Ványi, Marika Marton, Michael Mandel, Bernat Balázs, Julie Fodor, Judy Kohut, Golnar Hassirian and Team ISAS.
Zsuzsanna and Rudi ISAS Review editors editor@isas.hu
The ISAS Review is an English magazine for the student population that is run by students, but not exclusively for the English program. It’s meant to bridge the gap between faculties and years. The aim of the magazine is to be fun and interesting but also educational and useful. Even though students often study alongside students from other faculties, they don’t know very much about them, or the various extracurricular programs offered by Semmelweis University– such as the TDK (Tudományos Diákkör - Students’ Scientific Association). Since English is the one language that is shared by almost all students in the Hungarian, German and English faculties, we hope to aid in linking these communities to each other.
Clockwise: Yoav Litani, Daniel Domijan, Rudi Paula, Ehsan Kani, Charlie Attariani, Judy Kohut, Issa Pour-Ghaz, Fekete Zsuzsanna, Julie Fodor and Kari Tveit (missing)- Team ISAS
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
04
CONTENTS
OCT’12
06.
ISSUE’2
COVER STORY
INTERVIEW WITH KEITH LEON MOORE, BA, MSc, PhD, DSc BY: CHARLIE ATTARIANI & GOLNAR HASSIRIAN
09.
STUDENT FORUM OF EXCELLENCE
10.
STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION (TDK)
12.
APPS REVIEW
13.
STUDENT COUNSELLING
BY: DANIEL DOMIJAN BY: NIKOLETTA OROSZ
BY: AMIT FHIMA BY: MARIE SOLLI SLAATTEBRÆK
06.
14. 18. 20.
DENTISTRY
THE SILENT KILLER, ORAL CANCER EXAM TIPS & TECHNIQUES
BY: PROF Dr. & Dr. KÁROLY GÁBOR NAGY MENSCH
BY: Dr. HAYTHAM BAYADSI
MEDICINE
CYCLOPHILIN-D AND THE AGAING MOUSE BRAIN
BY: ISSA POUR-GHAZ
TRAVEL
22. 24. 25.
26.
A WEEKEND IN VIENNA
BY RUDI PAULA
FOOD
BULL’S BLOOD
20.
BY: Prof. MIKLOS MOLNÁR
I WANT TO WORK... IN THE USA
BY: ZSUZSANA FEKETE
PHARMACY
WHAT WE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT CHLAMYDIA BY: FARZAD HASHEMI
28.
ENGLISH SECRETARIAT
30.
HUNGARIAN LESSON
32.
THE IMAGE CHALLENGE
ISASReview
BY: BY: CSABA ISTVÁNFI
BY: FANNI NOWOTTA
26.
05
ISAS
FRESHMEN’S Day2012
THE 2012 ACADEMIC YEAR WAS AGAIN OFFICIALLY USHERED IN ON SEPTEMBER THE 7TH, IN THE BASIC SCIENCES BUILDING BY ISAS FRESHMEN’S DAY. This year, having learned from the ‘acoustic’ mistakes of the prior year, the event was inaugurated with welcome speeches held in the Hevesy Lecture Hall. Following brief introductions by the ISAS Team, and ISAS Chairman Charlie Attariani, Dr. Andrea D. Székely of the 1st Department of Anatomy, welcomed the sea of first year students, peppering her advice with accounts of some of her favourite former students. Olga Ványi, head of the English Secretariat addressed the students wishing them luck with their studies. However, it was a surprise speech by a former Semmelweis student turned teacher Dr Haytham Bayadasi that charmed the first year students with the prospects and milestones of their upcoming journey.
Upon leaving the welcome speeches, students were greeted by Student Associations and ISAS Card Sponsors in the Lobby and Reception area. The freshmen were encouraged to visit booths hosted by Forexport flat agency, Europtel mobiles (free calls for all students within Semmelweis network), Generalis insurance, Holmes Place gym, Pagony Webshop, and the First Med center. ANSA (Norwegian), NSAS (Nigerian), ISOH (Israeli) and SISA (Iranian) Students Associations were the most effective at drawing crowds, as students flocked to their compatriots for support and amusement. The ‘Medicine’, ‘Dentistry’ and ‘Pharmacy’ tables were also heavily frequented as students grabbed for freebies including; an A3 colour-coded Skull Poster, Gray’s Anatomy exercise books and the mysterious ‘MOJO Pack’.
Ultimately, regardless of all the preparation and man-hours invested in providing an upscale event, it was the Used Book Stalls that were the greatest crowd pleasers. Students ranging from 2nd to 6th year Medicine, Dentistry and Pharmacy peddled their bargains all the whilst keeping their eyes peeled for deals for themselves.
Following such a successful and entertaining day, Team ISAS would like to thank all the volunteers, teachers, organizations and student associations without whom this event would never have been possible. It was truly a memorable start to the academic year. We hope to see you all again next year!
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
COVER STORY
06
INTERVIEW
Professor
Keith Leon Moore, BA, MSc, PhD, DSc Born October 5, 1925 in Brantford, Ontario
Member of the Canadian Association of Anatomists since 1954
Member of the American Association of Anatomists since 1956
Consultant in Anatomy and Embryology, Honorary Attending Staff, Children’s Hospital, Winnipeg, Manitoba, Canada 1959-1976.
Member of the Advisory Board of the journal Acta Cytologica 1960 - 1990.
Member of the Board of Consultants of the International Academy of Gynaecological Cytology since 1961.
Member of the Senate of the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg 1966 – 1976.
Fellow of the International Academy of Cytology (FIAC) since 1968.
Member of the Executive Committee of the Senate of the University of Manitoba, Winnipeg Manitoba 1970 – 1976.
Member of the Federated International Committee on Terminology, 1989-2010.
Chair of Anatomy (10 years) and Associate Dean for Basic Medical Sciences (5 years) in the Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, Toronto,Ontario, Canada.
Awards:
American Medical Writers Association Award for “Excellence in medical publications as represented by his book “The Developing Human” 1974.
American Medical Writers Association Awarded Honourable Mention for his book Clinically Oriented Anatomy 1981.
J.C.B. Grant Award, the highest honour given by the Canadian Association of Anatomists in recognition of “meritorious and outstanding scholarly accomplishments in the field of anatomical services” 1984.
American Medical Writers Association First Place Award for medical books in the Physicians Category as represented by the book Clinically Oriented Anatomy 1993.
Very Eminent Professor Award in Commemoration of 100 Years of Independence of Panama and the School of Medicine Panama City, Panama 2003.
Queen Elizabeth II Diamond Jubilee Medal in 2012
Henry Gray/Elsevier Distinguished Educator Award, 2007.
R. Benton Adkins, JR, Distinguished Service Award, 2012.
The Ohio State University conferred the Degree of Doctor of Science, honoris causa, 2012.
ISASReview
COVER STORY
07
We conducted an interview with the renowned Prof. Keith L. Moore (. . . we all recognize the name from numerous 1st and 2nd year anatomy books) over the summer, and it is our pleasure to share some information about this man. The buccal smear technique is simple. The inside of the cheek is scraped with a surgeon’s spatula to obtain mucosal scrapings, which are stained and studied under a microscope. Buccal smears are used for the determination of gender for people who have ambiguous external genitalia and/or sex chromosome abnormalities. Today the buccal smear test can be used worldwide for other purposes, for example by doctors examining athletes at the Olympics.
By Charlie Attariani & Golnar Hassirian
What would you say is the reason for your books being so successful?
What made you choose this profession? I was in the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII, where I was a Paramedic from 19441946. The length of the ship I was serving on was 250 feet and had a crew of 93 seamen, 5 officers and 8 others (such as the cooks and paramedics)– I was the only person on board with medical knowledge. I was discharged from the navy in April 1946 and in September 1946 I enrolled at the University of Western Ontario in London, Ontario. I graduated with a Bachelor of Arts (B.A.), General Course in 1949, then earned a Master of Science (M.Sc.) in Anatomy in 1951, and a Doctor of Philosophy (Ph.D.) in Microscopic Anatomy in 1954.
Was there anything specific that made you want to work in the field of anatomy? I once attended a seminar in the medical school held by Dr. Murray L. Barr and
was very impressed by his lecture about sex chromatin. He was a world-renowned neuro-histologist and cytogeneticist, and the head of the anatomy at the University of Western Ontario. It was that seminar that got me interested in working with Anatomy and I wanted to work with this type of research. Dr. Barr, later on, became my supervisor for my M.Sc. and Ph.D. degrees as I studied sex chromatin patterns in the nuclei of various cells of humans and animals.
What type of research did you do with sex chromatin? The first test I developed was a skin biopsy sex chromatin test. This test is rarely used today because it has been replaced by the buccal smear sex chromatin test that I developed in 1952. The buccal smear test for detecting gender is the single main laboratory test in the management of human intersexuality (hermaphroditism) and sex chromosome aberrations. I was the first one to observe that most males with Klinefelter syndrome have abnormal sex chromosome complements that are XXY instead of the normal XY.
In the beginning of my career, I was very excited about anatomy and at that time I was very fortunate to work with a surgeon. With him I had the opportunity to dissect a cadaver on which he showed me the clinical importance of the various body parts. None of the books, at that time, had that kind of information. So when I wrote my book Clinically Oriented Anatomy, I added these clinical correlations as well. As soon as the first edition was published, it sold 15,000 copies within 6 months and since then it has been doing great. I’ve always tried to make my books “student friendly” because a lot of the anatomy books are very hard for first year students to understand. To test out the friendliness of my books, I asked my wife Marion, who earned a Bachelor of Arts, to help me out. She would act like a student reading the books and giving me her opinion on whether she understood them or not. If not, I would change it in a way so they would be understandable and easy to read. With my Embryology book The Developing Human we also added pictures of developmental abnormalities, which were not included in any other books at that time. In the latest edition of The Developing Human (ninth edition), I worked with Dr. Persaud as my co-author Issue NO.2 | October 2012
“ 08
who is one of the best embryologists and we improved the content dramatically.
Which of these fields you work in (Embryology, Anatomy, etc) is your favourite?
I love teaching Embryology the most because it is so exciting seeing the embryos develop, and it is helpful in teaching gross anatomy (e.g., rotation of the midgut).
Which publications have you written?
The first book I wrote was The Developing Human. We also wrote a smaller version of the book called Before We Were Born, so we could reach a broader range of Health science students (e.g. physiotherapy students and nurses). After that I wrote a book called Essential Clinical Anatomy which was also available in a smaller version called Clinically Oriented Anatomy. These four books are very popular now, and I have young coauthors for all these books; new editions are being published every 4-5 years.
What are your hobbies and interests, besides teaching? I love playing golf and enjoying playing it 2-3 times a week. My family and I live in the northern part of Toronto where we have great lakes and islands, and we love to take our boat out on the lake. I was also the leader of the boy scouts older
ISASReview
“I was in the Royal Canadian Navy during WWII, where I was a Paramedic from 1944-1946.”
than 14 years and I really enjoyed that.
Do you have any advice for our students here at Semmelweis University– regarding how they should study embryology? I think it’s very important for students to work a lot and see cadavers, because this is their only chance to do dissections and really learn the human body. I also think students should study not just to pass, but they should try to get good marks also. The more they know about the human body, the better doctors they are going to become.
READY TO MAKE A DIFFERENCE Student Forum of Excellence By Daniel Domijan “Students have a voice and it should be heard”– this has been a key aspect in the foundation of ISAS. Our goal has been to establish a respected student body willing to represent the best interests of all the international students, where student ideas and criticism do more than bring a smirk on a professor’s face– and actually encourage change. ISAS has been working hard to attain the tools that will increase both quantity and quality of feedback to the administration, so that relevant and necessary change can be achieved. Although the response from the administration has always been present, never more so than now. Our efforts did not go in vain, for the deans of the University have commissioned a council directed by ISAS and operated by students to bring about a difference in student life. This council is called the ISAS “Student Forum of Excellence” (SFE), and is composed of students in all years and faculties who are not previously affiliated with ISAS. With direct guidance and supervision from ISAS these students are responsible to present the universal feedback of all international students through an administrative channel, where nothing is ignored or set aside. With the help of Professor Dr. Mark Kollai, there will be a solid system implemented with this council. All problems and concerns about University academics, staff, and administration may be properly presented, to elicit an appropriate response.
09
FEEDBACK
There have been recent incidents where lecturers locked the door after an unreasonable amount of time, thus depriving students who came late of the opportunity to attend the lecture. This is quite unacceptable and unjust since sometimes it’s not the students’ fault. Some other libraries have implemented a system where if you leave your desk, you must leave a small “parking meter”-type paper clock on the table. This restricts the amount of time students can be away from their desk, usually not more than one hour. It would be nice to see this type of system implemented in the 24h library at Mikszáth Kálman tér, where people often save a seat and then leave for hours on end. It would greatly help if a schedule of long-term availability dates could be published for the English Secretariat. It has happened that we received a message through Neptun, on a Friday at 14:30 from one of the secretaries stating that “the secretariat will be closed next week”. It has happened in previous years that the schedule found on ora. sote.hu does not match up with the one on Neptun. Also, the ora.sote. hu website is very confusing and difficult to use due to its constantly changing URL, which is new every semester and not always made aware to the students. A better and more user friendly system could easily be implemented for class registration. There is a gap in the consistency between the departments in their expectations, organization and lectures. This inconsistency is sometimes tremendous. When excellent lectures are offered, students generally attend them. If they aren’t, then the attendance record usually mirrors this. The sixth year schedule is unrealistic in many aspects. There is no overlap between subjects allowed, yet some subjects don’t let you take the exam in the last week. This means that you either A) miss out on the first few days of the next rotation, or B) take a few exams in a short period later on, which is not allowed.
The SFE will have the freedom to address problems regarding any and all aspects of the University which are in direct relation to student life, some examples being: disorganized lecture structure and effectiveness, unprofessional staff behavior and unjust academic circumstances. They will also bring to light positive findings, such as exemplary practice leaders and well directed courses, which were overlooked and now will be used as an example for all. To prevent conflict of interest and to maintain fairness among staff and students, the members of the SFE will remain anonymous. The SFE has no authority over anyone, they are simply an efficient method to group all student concerns and present them to University authority so that appropriate changes can be made. The members are ordinary students from all nationalities and of various ages, and are selected with no preference over others.
The websites for some departments are hard to find, and even then some haven’t been updated since the mid-2000s. The minimum amount of information should at least be a current schedule of lectures and topics. Some departments don’t even have websites in English!
ISAS is dedicated to use this opportunity wisely and in the best interest of all the students it represents. It has always been important to ISAS to bridge the gap between students and the university administration, and we believe this a great step in achieving just that. We are ready to make a difference.
Finding the contact information of a department tutor can be near impossible. Often it isn’t listed on any website.
You can contact the ISAS- SFE with your own concern or problem and even with positive feedback at: sfe@isas.hu
Some of the electives are (paradoxically) obligatory, yet they only have room for about 20 students per semester/year. Perhaps an overhaul of the elective system can be implemented, along with clearer sign-up criteria for what is truly an elective, and what is mandatory. Accountability for the index book is very unclear. We can hand in a stack of 20 indexes, yet nobody signs for them if they are taken or brought back in. If one is misplaced or lost, it is automatically handled as though it is the student’s fault.
There should be a central list of all the departments, on an easily accessible website, that links to their homepages. This list should be correct and up-to-date. The majority of the employees in the english secretariat are friendly, competent and happy to help students. Others are less consistent in these qualities, and getting the desired answer to a query can take multiple efforts and far too much time.
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
010
STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION (TDK) By Nikoletta Orozs, Németh Balázs, Zoltan Czigany and Zsolt Turoczi.
A UNIQUE FEATURE OF HUNGARIAN UNIVERSITIES IS THAT UNDERGRADUATE STUDENTS CAN BE INVOLVED IN TOPLEVEL SCIENTIFIC RESEARCH. STUDENTS HAVE THEIR OWN INSTITUTIONS –THE STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION, CALLED „TUDOMÁNYOS DIÁKKÖR” (TDK) IN HUNGARIAN– AND ORGANIZE THEIR OWN SCIENTIFIC CONFERENCES.
D
uring the last ten years the number of students involved in scientific research has doubled and the number of lecturers attending TDK Conferences has significantly increased. Currently, more than 1000 students of Semmelweis University are involved in science in addition to their regular studies and more than 400 of them present their results at the Annual TDK Conferences. Students of the University often win prizes at national and international conferences and many of them become co- or first authors of research papers published in international journals. Each year the ten best students receive the title of “Outstanding TDK Student of Semmelweis University” at the end of their studies. The TDK Council holds close contact with international organizations.
ISASReview
PROCESS FOR BECOMING A MEMBER OF THE STUDENTS’ SCIENTIFIC ASSOCIATION If a medical student intends to be the member of the TDK, s/he has to select a scientific topic. In connection with this, s/he has to find an institution which is suitable for his/her interest and there s/he has to choose a supervisor with a TDK representative's help. The TDK representative announces the student at the TDK coordinator, in this way the student will be registered. Students registered for at least 2 semesters are able to present their works at the
University Student Scientific Conference. The call for the conference and the exact details will be announced at the beginning of the autumn semester, these details can be found on this website. The students might win prestigious awards, those ones with the best performances will have the opportunity to take part at the National Student Conference which is held biannually. Credit points can be obtained depending on the results of the TDK works.
CONTACT: Nikoletta Orosz, coordinator semmelweis.tdk@gmail.com Phone number: +36208252970, +36208259612 NET, No-4 ground-floor, Nagyvárad tér 4
011
Some current students in the TDK program present their research topics:
Németh Balázs: I have taken part in research carried out in the Heart Center as a member of the Students’ Scientific Association since 2009. The projects on which I work are basically experimental studies. The greatest advantage of the work in the TDK program, however, is that it combines the laboratory-like jobs (if I may put it this way, the “research-feeling”) with direct clinical relevance. In cooperation with the University of Heidelberg, we are conducting our greatest project so far: a canine model of heart transplantation, in which we successfully reached our goal to lengthen the preservation time of the donor organ up to three times of the original 4 hours with the use of a new organ preservation solution. Based on our research data, this new solution is now the subject of two clinical studies.
Zoltan Czigany and Zsolt Turoczi: Ischemic–reperfusion injury is an everyday surgical problem, as well as one of the main current focus points of international scientific interest. We are trying to deal with this interesting practical issue at the Experimental Surgery and Training Centre in the 1st Department of Surgery under the leadership of Attila Szijártó MD, PhD. The aim of this research is the elaboration of relevant animal models of different surgical situations. Two main focus points are the liver ischemic-reperfusion injury research and vascular surgery, specifically: lower limb vascular occlusions. We attempt to provide appropriate protection against ischemic-reperfusion injury with the use of surgical and pharmaceutical techniques to minimize occurrence of severe complications. There are suggestions to evaluate these methods under clinical settings, therefore we are lucky to follow the course of a research program from the experimental models to the clinical practice. The main goal behind our project is to improve patient survival and quality of life regarding ischemic-reperfusion injuries, which affect a large number of patients. Being able to participate in the experimental part of the research is a perfect opportunity to improve manual as well as microsurgical skills. Issue NO.2 | October 2012
APPS REVIEW
012
APPS REVIEW By Amit Fhima
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Pocket (Formerly Read It Later - iPhone / iPad / Android
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This app used to be called “Read It Later” and used to cost $5, but it is now greatly improved and for free!
Its about time to admit that Chrome is the best web browser right now (specially for all of us Mac users who otherwise would suffer with Safari).
Use Pocket when you discover an interesting article, video or web page, but don’t have time to go through it. Once it’s in Pocket, it’s on your phone, tablet, or computer. You can read an article during a flight, see a web page while you wait in line, or watch a video while relaxing at home.
Google Chrome updated the app this summer so you can browse much faster. It is easy to use, simple and synchronizes your open tabs, bookmarks, passwords, and omnibox data from your computer with your device. Just do yourselves a favor and upgrade you smartphone/tablet with this app.
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ISASReview
As a foreigner student, many times we find ourselves trying to calculate the local money currency. This app is free, easy to use, and features up-to-date currency rates and charts. It can also be used offline because it stores the most recently updated rates for all world currencies.
013
STUDENT COUNSELLING By Marie Solli Slaattebræk
HAVE YOU EVER NOTICED THE POSTERS OUTSIDE THE LECTURE HALLS, AT THE NET BUILDING BATHROOMS OR THE NEPTUN MESSAGE THAT YOU DELETED A BIT TOO EARLY, WONDERING WHO IS BEHIND THE SOTE’S STUDENT COUNSELLING SERVICE? the student may get homework, but this will be suited to your personal needs.
Will my appointment or any information be registered in any way?
No, we work according to strictly confidential rules. So, unless you tell anyone about your contact with us, then no one will know that you’ve seen us.
I
’ve met with the women in charge, Hayriye Gülec from Turkey and Elisabeth Kols from Germany. They’re the two clinical psychologists offering the English students counselling service, and I got to ask them quite a few questions on the behalf of all of us.
How did it all start?
We came here as a part of the EUs TAMOP project for PhD students, since we are doing research concerning eating disorders in addition to counselling. We´ve been available for the students since September 2010, but not many knew about us back then!
How is it to receive counselling in English when English isn’t my mother tongue?
What if I have a problem you can´t help me with? Maybe it’s not as easy to express yourself in English as with your mother tongue, but we aren’t native English speakers either! Also, we believe that any help is better than no help.
If we don’t know how we can help you, we may ask our supervisor who is both a psychologist and psychiatrist for advice. Still, we wont tell your name or give away any details that can be used to identify who the student is.
In which situations can I contact you?
How much does it cost?
You can talk to us about any topic that you find worth mentioning, from an annoying flatmate to depression and everything between, such as relationship problems, anxiety or study-related issues.
Will it be helpful?
We work as a guiding help for self-help, so we wont tell you to do this or that. We´re not here to analyse or diagnose you, and there is certainly no couch that you´ll have to lie on. Sometimes we may use psychotherapeutic techniques, but we would like to stress that this is not therapy, it´s counselling. Other times
The service is free of charge, and you won’t even need a health insurance. The only criterion is that you are a student at SOTE. So if you need someone to talk to in English or German, I´m sure the student counselling service is the place to be. It’s free of charge and you can discuss anything you find worth mentioning. Send an e-mail with a brief description of what you would like to talk about and when you can come to studentcounselling@ net.sote.hu, and the psychologists will try to get back to you within 48 hours. For more information and FAQS see behsci.hu/health/student-counselling
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
DENTISTRY
014
THE
SILENT
KILLER,
ORAL
CANCER
By Prof Dr. Gábor Nagy, MD, DMD, PhD, Department of Oral Diagnostic Dr. Károly Mensch, MD, Department of Oral Diagnostic
M
alignant tumours in the oral cavity mean a real, major, (however, until now) neglected public health problem worldwide. The surprising epidemiological data show an estimated incidence of ca. 275 000 cases per year, worldwide. The highest rates of oral cancer are seen in Southern-Asia, SouthAmerica and in Central-Europe (mainly in northern part of France and in Hungary).
This means, that in a country the size of the U.K, there are ca. 5000 new cases of oral cancer found per year– and this number exceeds the number of new cervical, ovarial cancer or leukemia cases combined! Furthermore, there are some other shocking epidemiological data from U.S.: every hour one person dies from oral cancer, and the incidence rate for oral cancer is three times greater than cervical cancer. Approximately 35,310 people were newly diagnosed with oral cancer in 2009 according to the American Cancer Society. ISASReview
Traditionally, head and neck cancers tend to be seen more commonly in men, increase with age, low socio-economic status and with excessive consumption of alcohol and tobacco. These are wellknown data– what is more surprising for us, as practicing dentists, is the dramatic increase in the incidence of oropharyngeal tumours in younger adults, especially in women. These findings are highly related to human papilloma viral infection (HPV 16). In the course of our dental education we have learned how to perform a conventional oral cancer screening examination, but– as supported by the recent research findings, it isn’t enough to diagnose the premalignant lesions, based just on clinical picture. Because of this, the head and neck tumours still have a very high mortality rate. This was the major reason that during the second half of my university studies my interests turned toward the early diagnostic methods of oral malignancies.
In those years Prof. Gabor Nagy, the actual leader of Oral Diagnostic Department recognized my interest in this field, and with his guidance I wrote my diploma work on „ The novel diagnostic methods of early diagnosis of oral malignant and premalignant lesions.” I was very lucky since after graduating, I was offered a place as a resident at the Semmelweis Oral Diagnostic Department, and I still have the possibility to deal with such novel methods in diagnosing oral mucosal diseases which are unique in Hungary. These methods are able to detect those lesions which are invisible by Conventional Oral Examination (COE), ensuring that patients have better chances to be diagnosed with possible malignant lesions in time, and to have better chances for survival. The classic method is cytology. We can use a cytobrush to take cells from the lesion, and after fixation and staining according to Papanicolau, an experienced
DENTISTRY
Clinical use of Identafi
pathologist
may
detect
015
dysplasia.
The other, just recently introduced novel group of diagnostic methods are based on the autofluorescence of oral epithelium. The mucosal and submucosal cells have fluorophore molecules (e.g elastin, collagen, etc.) in different concentrations, depending on the activity of cell proliferation. Compared to the normal cells, the hyperkeratotic lesions have higher, and the dysplastic or malignant lesions have lower concentration of these molecules. If we illuminate the mucosa with a specific wave-length of 405 nm of blue light, we can detect the difference between the normal or abnormal areas of the oral mucosa using a specific filter. Such clinical devices eg. VELScope and Identafi 3000. Both are noninvasive methods, and take only a few minutes, but the benefit is: saving lives! The aforementioned techniques can also help the work of maxillofacial surgeons, and could be crucial in planning a resective tumour operation to delineate the proper excision border. Recently I was personally involved in such an operation, conducted by my colleagues in the Head and Neck Surgical Department, Marta ĂšjpĂĄl and Zsolt NĂŠmeth associate professors. This situation illustrates the high need of collaboration between dental and medical sub-disciplines.
Clinicalp ictureo fb uccall eukoplakiab yC OE
The same lesion by VELscope
Finally, I think the subject of oral cancer plays an important role not only in dentistry, but in general medicine as well. Regarding the preventive approach of our university, involving these novel tools into our curriculum, we can meet the highest standards of modern medicine. I hope that it will give to our students a strong initiative, to incorporate these procedures into their would-be practices throughout the world, to decrease the terrible number of cancer patients.
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
016
August 2012’
GRADUATION CEREMONY
ISASReview
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Issue NO.2 | October 2012
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EXAM EXAMS, ESPECIALLY THE ORAL ONES, MAY BE SOME OF THE MOST INTIMIDATING, FRIGHTENING AND STRESSFUL EXPERIENCES YOU MAY EVER FACE DURING YOUR MEDICAL STUDIES AT SEMMELWEIS UNIVERSITY– REGARDLESS IF YOU ARE A FIRST YEAR FRESHMAN STILL AT THE BEGINNING OF YOUR JOURNEY OR AN “EXPERIENCED” FIFTH-YEAR STUDENT WHO THINKS THAT HE HAS SEEN IT ALL.
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s a former student and a current teacher at Semmelweis University, I tried to gather some tips and techniques which I hope will aid you during your preparation for the exams and to help you manage them efficiently, and– most importantly– successfully:
When you try to set up your examination dates before the registration time, always have a backup plan with different exam combinations and dates, just in case you don’t get the dates you originally wanted. Try to set up your exams in such a manner that you leave the hardest for you to be dealt with at the end, so you will have enough time to prepare for it efficiently and in case of failing, enough time for retaking the exam without affecting the order of others. Focus on one subject at time, and try not to switch to a different subject if you fail– otherwise you might get more frustrated and sink deeper in the mud. No one can tell you how much time ISASReview
you need to prepare for a certain exam except YOURSELF. You know your own capabilities, you know what you have been doing all semester and you are the only one who can evaluate and judge the time needed by yourself to complete the required material of a certain exam. It is all individual and we have different skills and capabilities. Some people need their time, while some can take 5 exams per week. There is no pride in finishing your exams first, and there is no shame in finishing on the last day. Exam period is not a competition or a marathon run, it is rather the period when you actually memorize the
material you have been learning the whole semester and the more efficiently you do it, the longer your knowledge will last. Never underestimate any subject at the university regardless of how unimportant or irrelevant you personally think it is. I’m pretty sure that the big people in the higheducation board of the university who set the curriculum know a little more than you do of what you need to learn or not. Make sure your clock is accurate, and sign up for your most important classes/ exams on Neptun right as the hour strikes! From my personal experience at the
FOOD REVIEW
university, I noticed that a lot of failures in the exam period resulted not only from the lack of knowledge or preparation, rather from the bad organization and planning throughout the whole semester and the exam period. During the first two years, timemanagement is the main key for passing. You cannot put all your energy throughout the whole semester on one or two subjects and leave the rest to be dealt with during the exam period, the last thing you want during the exam period is to be overwhelmed with the size of the material that you haven’t looked at. When taking oral exams always try to look professional. Professional means: you should look, smell and sound like a medical student. By doing this, you show respect for the examiner. Please note that this doesn’t mean “going out to a party” look. Try to stay healthy during exam period. Remember the saying: “A healthy brain in a healthy body”. Working out during the studying has a lot of benefits as it releases the stress, regenerates the body and prevents you from turning into a troll by the end of the exam period. There is always an hour you can spare every other day to go for a quick run or a session at the gym– no excuses! Try to be as diplomatic as you can during the exams. Don’t be too arrogant with your answers and attitude even though you think you are right. The person who is examining you is qualified and experienced enough to judge and evaluate your knowledge. On the other hand, don’t show extra “politeness” for it can be interpreted as a sign of weakness. Always speak with a clear, confident tone that shows that you know what you are talking about. Never listen to why people failed the exam. “Oh, the exam was impossible, they wanted to fail us deliberately”, “this examiner is extremely hard, no one passes with him”, “I knew everything, but I couldn’t answer a small detailed question he asked, so I failed”, “He asked me stuff we never learned and which is not in the books” etc. Excuses excuses excuses… of course no one likes to fail and few are those who admit and accept their own failure so they try to come up with excuses in order to justify it. Don’t listen to them; it’s almost never the exam or the examiners fault. If you know the whole required material, and you are confident about it, there is no reason in
the world why you should fail, period! During the exam, nobody wants to know about your grandmother who surprisingly died last night and that’s why you couldn’t name the causative agents of meningitis. Also, no one wants to hear about the bloody diarrhea you got the night of the exam and made you forget somehow about the basic laboratory enzymes used in the diagnosis of myocardial infarction. If you have any real serious problem that prevented you from preparing sufficiently for an exam, change the date; if you can’t, send an email to the tutor as soon as possible or in the worst case contact the examiner before the exam starts. Please don’t come up with false excuses during the exam, because they sound quite ridiculous and usually won’t help.
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This extra knowledge will give you a 5– together with the basics, but not alone. “But I could name all 16 branches of the maxillary artery, but he failed me because I couldn’t recognize the superior vena cava on the specimen!” This is a no-brainer. In the end I would like finish up with a nice, meaningful Swedish saying that summarizes up my message which I personally believe in. I think it should be everyone’s motto in exam period, perhaps also in your future careers and life:
“Det finns inget dåligt väder bara dåliga kläder” – “There is no such a thing as bad weather, only bad clothing.” My best wishes and luck to you all!
When your question is to name multiple things, never begin to answer with numbering, meaning: if you are asked about the branches of an artery or the causative agents of a disease, never say a specific number and start mentioning them. This because if you say for example that we have 10 branches for this artery and you start naming them and you get stuck at the 6th then you are in deep trouble since the examiner is expecting more. It is better to just start mentioning the answers, because sometimes the examiners won’t count or pay attention to the small or insignificant ones unless you remind them.
Dr. Haytham Bayadsi Department of Anatomy, Histology & Embryology
Never answer or say something you are not sure about. That will gives the possibility for the examiner to recognize your weakness in that certain topic and might tempt him to dwell more upon it, further lowering your grade or even resulting in failure. Always keep your answers short, clear and straight to the point. Follow the examiners lead and never deviate from the subject. There are always those “Joker-card” questions and answers that impress the examiners if you know them. These usually show that you have spent extra time and effort preparing for the exam but not always. Some students tend to just randomly throw those joker-card answers in the wrong time during the exam thinking it will save them, but when confronted with the basics they fail to deliver. Remember that in order to pass an exam you need to know the basics. Once you know the basics, you can go on and develop your knowledge and learn all the extra things which impresses the examiners. Issue NO.2 | October 2012
MEDICINE
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EFFECT OF KNOCKING OUT CYCLOPHILIN-D ON AGING MARKERS IN THE MOUSE BRAIN By Issa Pour-Ghaz
Neurodegenerative diseases pose a major threat to the society of developed countries, a danger that is expected to rise due to an increasing life expectancy with an associated increase in the numbers of the elderly, a population in which they most commonly occur. These diseases are not only debilitating to the affected individuals, but due to their slow progress may take years or even decades to culminate, and also affect those in the immediate environment.
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key complication for almost all of these diseases is the demise of neuronal and/ or glial mitochondria. Mitochondrial functions rely exclusively on compartmentalization, demanding an intact inner mitochondrial membrane. It is therefore, not surprising that the most effective way of mitochondrial damage is to disrupt membrane integrity. This may happen in conditions that are invariably met in several forms of cell stress, such as an excessive increase in cytosolic [Ca2+]. This pore, termed “permeability transition pore� (PTP), formed during such events, is of a sufficient size (cutoff ~1,5 kDa) to allow the uncontrollable passage of solutes and water, which results in the swelling and ultimately rupture of the outer membrane. ISASReview
Cyclophilin D is a member of the cyclophilins family, that exhibit peptidylprolyl cis/trans isomerase activity (PPI). Their primary function is to convert eligible peptide chains from cis to trans configuration. This property renders cyclophilin D (the only cyclophilin that is localized in the mitochondrial matrix) a conceptually important participant in PTP formation, as it could mediate the folding of proteins to the desired conformation in order for the pore to materialize. In our research transgenic mice were used to address the extent of contribution of cyclophilin D to maladies associated with aging. This purpose was served by i) behavioral studies performed in aged (24-28 month old) versus young (2 and 12 month old) male and female mice, comparing wild-type (WT), cyclophilin
D heterozygotes (HT) and knock-out (KO) animals; ii) western blotting of the brain homogenates for several aging markers for the respective groups; and iii) semi-stereologic investigation of aging markers on immunohistochemistry of the brains of WT vs HT vs KO aged animals. Based on the results in immunohistochemistry, there was a marked difference evident between the three groups, shown in Figure 1. It can be seen that when labelled for mGluR1a the knockout have much less amount of expression while it is higher in the heterozygotes compared to the wild type. When labelled for GFAP, the difference was strikingly clear which was also proven in the Western Blots.
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Wild types
Heterozygotes
Knock outs
Figure 1 In the life-expectancy experiments we found that knocking out of the cyclophilin-D has a severe negative effect on the survival rate. In comparison to the wild type and heterozygotes, knockout mice showed a rapid decline in number in comparison to the other two. In the meantime, the heterozygote groups had a better survival rate compared to wild type. This might propose a beneficial effect of having half the amount of cyclophilin-D present. As seen in Figure 2, the number of knockout mice in both Male and Female populations start to decline sharply in comparison to other groups and was statistically significant.
Figure 3 We investigated the expression of several proteins that are recognized as aging markers in the human brain, in the aged brains of wild type, heterozygotes and knockouts, by western blotting. Among 19 tested aging markers, we identified that the expression of alpha-synuclein is increased in cyclophilin-D -/- mice as compared to +/- and +/+ littermates, while the expression of GFAP was decreased in -/- but increased in +/- mice, compared to +/+ littermates (Figure 3). We contribute the loss of difference in the western blot of mGluR1, present in immunohistochemistry, to the use of protein homogenates which would result in the loss of sectional difference (Color intensity signifies amount of protein present) (Figure 3 has some obtained blots).
Overall, when all the three different approaches of the research are combined, it gives us a clear image. It tells us that indeed cyclophilin D has a major regulatory role in cell death and that it does have a significant role in the survival ability of the cells. It has shown us that knocking out or heterozygosity of it can lead to dramatic changes in the brain patterns and protein amounts in the cells. This more ever underlines cyclophilin D as a target for an aging-combating drug. It is our hope that due to the established importance of cyclophilin D as an important modulator in mitochondrial death, this research can help and establish a basis for the future research and targeted drug therapy in development.
Special thanks to: Dr. C. Chinopoulos for providing this opportunity for research at the Department of Medical Biochemistry and teaching a new way of thinking. Also thanks to Prof. V. Adam and Dr. V. Vereczki for their support in the research.Lastly, thanks to Josef Mansour my coresearcher in the project.
Figure 2 Issue NO.2 | October 2012
TRAVEL
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By Rudi Paula
VIENNA IS A POPULAR WEEKEND VACATION SPOT FOR SEMMELWEIS STUDENTS. IT’S LESS THAN THREE HOURS AWAY AND OFFERS ALL THE PERKS AND QUIRKS OF A METROPOLIS. A WEEKEND IN A NEW CITY OFTEN SEEMS VERY SHORT— LONG ENOUGH TO MAYBE SEE SOME TOURISTY SIGHTS, BUT THEN MAYBE THE COMPROMISE IS NOT SEEING THE OTHER PARTS OF THE CITY, OR GETTING PROPER FOOD AT A REAL RESTAURANT. THIS GUIDE BY NO MEANS IS MEANT TO REPLACE A REAL TOURIST GUIDE, AND IF YOU DO VISIT MORE OFTEN IT IS WELL WORTH IT TO GET ONE—IT IS MEANT RATHER AS A STARTING POINT.
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he layout: the first district is the center of the city, and the Stephansdom is the center of the first. All other districts spiral outwards from there on, similar to the pattern on a nautilus. A weekend visit will most likely be confined to in the inner districts – that is, in the first 9.
The public transport system is good, and if you take the 4-day train ticket (about 8500ft) from Budapest you can use all the public (including the nightlines) for free for the first two days. There are 5 metro lines (U1 to U4, and U6 – there is no U5), as well as numerous trams, trains ISASReview
and buses. They usually stop running at 12:30 or 1:00 during the week, but on the weekend they’re available around the clock. Despite this, you won’t really go that far away from the downtown area, and Vienna is a great city to walk in. There are citybike stations spread all around the city for which you pay a onetime activation fee of 1€. Once you have made an account, you can use a bicycle for free for an hour. For the second hour you have to pay, but an hour is enough to take you anywhere downtown. Just make sure you return them to another citybike station or it will keep charging
you until the full price of the bike is paid. There are numerous parks in the city, with many being in the 1st district. Burggarten, Volksgarten, Stadtpark are all directly on the Ringstrasse and are good places to sit and relax in the warmer months. Naschmarkt is Vienna’s biggest market and a place where you can buy any kind of fruit or vegetable or exotic food. Unlike the one in Budapest, it’s not in a market hall, but rather open-air, offering a large variety of foods. From antipasti to cheese to fresh anything, you can find it there. There are great restaurants there, and
TRAVEL
every Saturday there is a flea market where you can find obscure knickknacks. If you want to do something cultural – museums, opera, classical music – there’s just way too much to list; I suggest you buy a tourist or art guide. For a starting point, the Albertina is right next to the opera, the Musikverein is also close, or the Museums of natural and art history are all by Museumsquartier. If you find yourself wandering around, the best late-night food which is available all night long is to be found at a Würstelstand. These are small stands/booths you’ll see everywhere. They serve grilled sausages with bread and mustard. Try the Käsekrainer, which is filled with cheese.
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lizards, and the second an obscure, slightly morbid museum dedicated to torture. Both are worth it just to see how an ugly Nazi-era WWII building was made into something productive. In the summer one side has climbing holds and is available for climbing all the way to the top. Shoes, rope and equipment can be rented.
Café Phil is a record/bookstore/cafe -1060, Gumpendorferstrasse 10 – 12
Haus Des Meeres / Foltermuseum - 1060, Esterhazypark
Café Espresso – A good café to sit in the summer. Excellent café au lait. 1070, Burggasse 57
FOOD
Am Nordpol 3 is a bohemian restaurant. Recommended: Käsekrainer mit Sauerkraut und Knödel. It’s not very central but the trip is well worth it, and the Prater amusement park is quite close. 1020, Nordwestbahnstrasse17
Café Europa is right by Mariahilferstrasse and has great coffee and breakfast/brunch on the weekends. 1070, Zollergasse 8.
Mariahilferstrasse is the main shopping street in Austria. It leads right from the Westbahnhof train station to the first district. The Graben and Kärntnerstrasse are the two posh/touristy shopping streets in the first district which meet at the Stephansdom (U1, U3.) Museumsquartier (MQ) was once the royal stables, and was converted into what is essentially a piazza and urban forum. It houses several museums, exhibitions, schools, centers and restaurants and it has become a place where anybody can meet. There’s a big open square with bench/sofa-like things (Enzis) on which you can sit or lay down. For a nice “Vienna in a nutshell” tour you can take the tram 1, 2, or D trams around the Ringstrasse. The 1 and 2 used to go just around, but now they branch off at one point and go to the outer districts, so make sure you get off before that happens and switch to another tram that stays on the ring. Here you’ll see many of the main administrative touristy buildings (Parliament, City Hall, Opera, Vienna University, museums, etc) Hundertwasserhaus is a house built by Friedensreich Hundertwasser in the 3rd district. You can take a tram from Schwedenplatz to get there directly. What makes this special is the style of Hundertwasser – he doesn’t use straight lines, but very many bright colors. The house in this location has trees growing in some apartments, the floor is never even – a building-sized artwork. Directly off Mariahilferstrasse is the old Flakturm which houses the Haus des Meeres (House of the Sea) and the Foltermuseum (Torture Museum). The first is a kind of zoo showing marine life &
Schnitzelwirt is a typically Viennese restaurant. It has the best and biggest Schnitzel to be found in Vienna. Get the plate-sized Cordon Bleu and a mixed salad. If it’s your first time in Vienna, go there and you won’t be disappointed. 1070, Neubaugasse 52 Directly across the street is Elephant and Castle, which offers British continental food - sandwiches, soups, smoothies and cakes. 1070, Neubaugasse 4 Dots serves experimental Sushi. Chocolate-mackerel maki? Cream cheesespinach-salmon sushi? They have it all. Don’t miss the Crunchy Maki - 1060, Mariahilferstrasse 103 / In the passage Maschu Maschu has the best falafel in town. 1070, Neubaugasse 20/ Lindengasse 41 The 1516 Brewing Company - British microbrew pub with some of the best beer you can find in Vienna. 1010, Schwarzenbergstraße 2 Kleines Café is a great little café right behind St. Stephen’s. 1010, Franziskanerplatz Der Wiener Deewan - Pakistani food. Eat as much as you want, pay as much as you wish! 1090,
Liechtensteinstraße
10
The Breakfas t Club is a restaurant which serves only breakfast all day long. Easy to find, close to Naschmarkt. Highly recommended. 1040, Schleifmühlgasse 12
HOW TO GET THERE: Trains leave to and from Keleti train station approximately every two hours, and go to Wien Westbahnhof train station. Orangeways bus lines also go to Vienna - it is cheaper, but you have to book it online in advance and the bus does not stop as centrally as the train, and do not include free public transportation. Travel time is approximately three hours. Trains: www.oebb.at/en/index.jsp Bus: www.orangeways.hu Citybikes: www.citybikewien.at/ Museums: www.wien.gv.at/english/ culture/museums/ Hostels: www.wombats-hostels.com/ vienna/
A more extensive list of places can be found at www.isas.hu under the menu: “ISAS Review” Issue NO.2 | October 2012
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BULL’S BLOOD – “BIKAVÉR”: HUNGARY’S LEGENDARY RED WINE By Prof. Miklos Molnár
BESIDES TOKAJI ASZÚ, BULL’S BLOOD IS ONE OF THE BEST KNOWN HUNGARIAN WINES. IT COMES FROM THE EGER WINE REGION (EGRI BIKAVÉR), LOCATED IN THE NORTHERN PART OF HUNGARY, AND FROM THE SZEKSZÁRD WINE REGION, LOCATED IN SOUTHERN HUNGARY CLOSE TO VILLÁNY (SZEKSZÁRDI BIKAVÉR). THIS IS A CUVEE WINE, MEANING THAT IT IS A BLEND OF DIFFERENT GRAPES. OFFICIALLY EGRI BIKAVÉR MUST CONTAIN AT LEAST THREE OR MORE VARIETIES OUT OF 13 TRADITIONAL GRAPES, SUCH AS KÉKFRANKOS (30-50%), KADARKA, BLAUER PORTUGIESER, CABERNET SAUVIGNON, CABERNET FRANC, MERLOT, ETC.
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ccording to legend, the name of the wine originated from the battle of Eger in 1552. During the battle, Captain Dobó made the soldiers drink dark red wine. The spilled wine colored their faces and their armor. The Turks believed the Hungarians were given bull’s blood to make them stronger and more fierce. The Ottomans became fearful and ran away. The truth, however, is less impressive. In the 19th century “Bikavér” was used to highlight the deep red color of a wine. Szekszárd and Eger were fighting for the trade name of “Bikavér” but neither of them won.
Nowadays, the quality of Bikavér is more strictly regulated in the Eger wine region. Similarly to the French or Italian systems there are classic, superior and grand superior varieties depending on the origin of the grapes, the number of varieties used to make the cuvee and the aging technique. The differences between the top quality and the cheap massmarket versions are perceptible. A high quality of Bikavér requires two to three years of oak-barrel aging and at least 6 months bottle-aging before marketing.
Bikavér is a good choice for spicy foods prepared with beef. Open the bottle one hour before serving it at 16-18 oC. ISASReview
The best place to obtain a good bottle is at Bortársaság where you can get an extra 10% off, from the regular price, by using this code: 19765 in their store on Raday street. Address 1092 Budapest, Ráday u. 7. Phone 061 219-5647, 061 219-5648 E-mail raday@bortarsasag.hu Opening hours Mon-Fri 12-20 - Saturday 10-15 http://www.bortarsasag.hu/en/
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I WANT TO WORK IN . . . THE USA By Zsuzsanna Fekete
WHERE TO START:
Register with ECFMG (Educational Council for Foreign Medical Graduates) if you wish to enter a residency or fellowship program in the United States. Once registered you are eligible to take the three steps of the US Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE).
EXAMS TO TAKE: USMLE STEP 1: Assesses your
basic science knowledge. This exam can be taken anytime after 4th year, in various locations inside and outside of the US. The cost of the exam is $790 if taken in the US, an additional fee of $140-330 will be applied if taken outside of the US.
USMLE STEP 2: This is a two
part exam, Clinical Knowledge (CK) and Clinical Skill (CS). They assess your understanding of the clinical sciences. This can be taken anytime after 5th year. Like Step 1, Step 2 CK can be taken in various parts of the world. If taken in the US it costs $790, if taken outside of the US an additional fee of $155-370 will be charged. Step 2 CS on the other hand
can only be taken in the US. There are 5 different locations to choose from and it costs $1,375. (Test centers for Step 2 CS are located in Atlanta, Georgia; Chicago, Illinois; Houston, Texas; Los Angeles, California; and Philadelphia, Pennsylvania in the United States.)
USMLE STEP 3: Final exam that
assesses your medical knowledge and understanding of biomedical and clinical science. Usually taken after 2 years of residency, but if you need a certain type of visa to work in the US you must take it before applying to a residency program. With the exception of the following boards IA, SD and VT, the fee for Step 3 is $780. Time limit to complete the USMLE is established by the state medical boards (usually 7 years) for completion of the full USMLE sequence.
APPLYING FOR RESIDENCY:
Your pursuit of a residency position involves three separate organizations: 1. ECFMG 2. The Electronic Residency Application
3.
Service (ERAS) administered by AAMC National Resident Matching Program (NMRP, “The Match”).
TIMELINE:
July: ERAS Opens. August: NRMP opens. September: ECFMG starts transmitting documents to ERAS. Application for individual programs opens. October: Programs starts selection for interviews (Oct-Jan). November: Registration deadline. February: Rank order list certification deadline. March: Results of Match announced. July: Residency Starts.
USEFUL WEBSITES:
Educational Commission for Foreign Medical Graduates – ECFMG (www.ecfmg. org) National Residency Matching Program – NRMP (www.nrmp.org) Electronic Residency Application Program – ERAS (http://www.aamc.org/students/ eras/) Fellowship and Residency Interactive Database – FRIEDA (http://www.ama-assn. org/ama/pub/category/2997.html) United States Medical Licensing Examination – USMLE (www.usmle.org)
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
PHARMACY
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Special thanks to Dr. Tekes Kornelia (Department of pharmacodynamics) drtekes@gmail.com
WHAT WE SHOULD KNOW ABOUT CHLAMYDIA By Farzad Hashemi
CHLAMYDIA IS THE MOST COMMONLY SEXUALLY TRANSMITTED INFECTION (STI) CAUSED BY THE BACTERIUM CHLAMYDIA TRACHOMATIS (A GRAM-NEGATIVE BACTERIUM). HOW DO YOU GET CHLAMYDIA:
You get Chlamydia from vaginal, anal, or oral sex from an infected person. The more sex-partners you have, the higher your risk of contracting Chlamydia. An infected mother can infect her baby during vaginal childbirth. Chlamydia is a leading cause of early infant pneumonia and conjunctivitis in newborns.
WHAT ARE THE SYMPTOMS OF CHLAMYDIA:
It is not easy to tell if you are infected, since chlamydia is known as a silent disease. Usually 85 percent of women and 40 percent of men who are infected are asymptomatic. Symptoms that may occur: In men– cloudy discharge from the tip of the penis, painful urination, ISASReview
burning and itching around opening of penis, pain and swelling of testicles.
There are also other tests, which check the urine for the presence of chlamydia.
In women– abnormal vaginal discharge, abdominal pain with fever, pain when having sex, painful urination, bleeding between menstrual periods.
It is possible to get chlamydia with gonorrhea or syphilis, so if you have one sexually transmitted disease you must be screened for other sexually transmitted diseases as well.
Men or women who have anal intercourse may acquire chlamydia in the rectum, which can cause rectal pain, discharge, or bleeding.
HOW IS CHLAMYDIA DIAGNOSED?
The diagnosis of chlamydia infection involves sampling of the urethral discharge in males or cervical swabs in females for laboratory tests. The most sensitive test is a Nucleic acid amplification tests (NAAT) such as Polymerase chain reaction (PCR).
WHO SHOULD GET TESTED FOR CHLAMYDIA?
You should get tested for Chlamydia once a year if: You have a new sex partner You have more than one sex partner You have sex with someone who has other sex partners
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You are pregnant You have any symptoms of chlamydia
TREATMENT
Both sexual partners must be treated to prevent passing the infection back and forth (“ping-pong infection”). Chlamydia can be easily treated and cured with antibiotics. A single dose of 1 g azithromycine. Twice daily 500 mg doxycycline for one week. People with Chlamydia should abstain from sexual intercourse for 7 days after single dose of azithromycine or until completion of a 7 days course of doxycycline, to prevent spreading the infection to partners. After taking antibiotics, you should be re-tested to be sure the infection is cured.
Pap smear demonstrating Chlamydia in vacuoles
COMPLICATION OF CHLAMYDIA
In women, an untreated Chlamydia infection can spread into the uterus or fallopian tubes and cause pelvic inflammatory disease (PID). Chlamydia can also cause infection of the fallopian tube without any symptoms. Pelvic inflammatory disease and infection in upper genital tract can cause damage to the fallopian tubes, uterus, and surrounding tissues, which can cause infertility (the inability to have children), chronic pelvic pain, and ectopic pregnancy (pregnancy outside the uterus). In men, Chlamydia infection can spread to the testicles causing epididymitis, which– if not treated within 6 to 8 weeks– can cause sterility in rare cases. Chlamydia infection can also cause urethritis (an infection of the urethra) or proctitis (an inflammation of the rectum) and prostatitis (swelling of the prostate gland).
Treatment: Azithromycin antibiotics
PREVENTION
Use condoms when having vaginal, oral or anal sex. Before having sex with a new partner, you could both consider being tested for chlamydia. All sexually active women over the age of 25 should be screened annually for Chlamydia.
Prevention: Safe sex
Issue NO.2 | October 2012
028
ENGLISH SECRETARIAT By Csaba Istvánfi Csaba Istvánfi is a registrar in the English Secretariat and responsible for the second and
fifth
students. agreed
year He
to
medical
generously
answer
some
commonly asked questions which
students
have:
Does the number system– where students are given a queue number for when it is their turn– work? How does it work? Do you get some kind of notification on the inside that a student is waiting? If the system doesn’t work yet, how can the students help to make it work? The number system was set up to provide an orderly way for students to be helped during office hours. As it happens, the number system is temporarily out of order, due to minor technical difficulties. However, most of the time it can and should be used by the students. Picking a number does not mean that a student will be dealt with immediately. Registrars inside the office know when a number has been taken and will attend to students when they are able (after business calls, paperwork or dealing with another student.) Since we cannot assist everyone immediately, students are asked to wait patiently until the responsible registrar is free to assist them. Students should tell the registrars if the system is out of order.
How can the student make the process of visiting the english secretariat easier and friendlier? How can the students make your life easier? To make life easier for the Secretariat staff, students should not come with problems that they have previously emailed about or just to find out whether their email has arrived; this wastes our time and yours. Students are asked to either email or to come in person. Under no circumstances should students write an email and then come to the secretariat to ask the same question or check if their email has arrived. Additionally, we ask all students to refrain from sending duplicate emails, as this will only further delay our response. We get a lot of emails so processing may take several days. Students should not expect their email to be answered on the same or even the following day; we will answer them as soon as possible. If you don’t send an email then come in person to the Secretariat. Please choose and follow either method but not both. Students are expected to respect the office hours. Students who are not able to respect basic school policies, like office hours, may face difficulties at the Secretariat and in their overall interactions at school.
Which is better: if a student emails the secretariat or comes in person? ISASReview
This always depends on whether a student has time to come by or if it is easier for them to solve problems from home. Each has its own pros and cons. For instance, a student may have to wait at the Secretariat desk a long time for a certain document to be prepared for them. It may save the student valuable time by asking the registrar via email to prepare, fill out or send documents, instead of having to wait in line to ask and then wait for the document to be prepared. On the other hand, if the student has payment obligations that have to be paid with a yellow cheque, it is reasonable to come in person to pick it up; writing an email would not speed up this process. It is remarkable, however, that some students can find the time to be at the Secretariat almost every day without having any serious problems that they need the support of the registrar for. Other students rarely show up at all at the Secretariat during their six years of studies and still manage to have all their problems resolved without having to show up in person. If it is impossible for a student to come in person to the Secretariat, which normally isn’t the case, they should send an email well in advance to make an appointment with their registrar outside normal office hours. Having sent such a request to the registrar does not mean that the appointment has been approved and fixed. The student must receive an answer from the responsible official, which may provide an appointment time or refuse the request. Either answer should be respected by the student, who then has to act accordingly. If it is still impossible for the student to come by during office hours, another email should be sent to the registrar so that a classmate or fellow student may be asked to make an appointment and pick up documents for the student.
What are the responsibilities of the English Secretariat, compared to the responsibilities of Prof. Kollai’s secretariat? With what things should students directly contact Prof. Kollai’s secretariat, and not bother the English Secretariat? Or should everything go through the English Secretariat and nothing directly to Prof. Kollai’s Secretariat? Everything should go through the English Secretariat! Only the registrars are able to determine which issues may or should be directed to the director’s office. If a request arrives directly to the
program director, it will be redirected to the English Secretariat. This results in a longer processing time than if it would have arrived to the registrar first. Even if a request or query must be submitted to the director, it is the registrar who should first investigate the matter before passing it on.
Opening hours: is there any flexibility? In the past there have been conflicts with the students’ academic schedule and the opening hours. Is there any way this can be solved so a student doesn’t have to skip a class so they can visit the secretariat? This question relates to question 3. Students with busy schedules should try to solve their problems via email first. If that does not work or the matter is urgent and cannot wait to be answered via email, then the student may ask a fellow student to act on their behalf to pick up documents for them. If the student must come in person to the Secretariat, outside of the official open hours, they must have previously scheduled an appointment with the responsible registrar well in advance.
Is there a possibility for extended opening hours during ‘peak seasons’ to decrease the crowds at your office? For example, is it possible to have extended hours for couple of weeks before exam periods and after? Or is there something prohibiting this? Additional office work normally does not make it possible for us to have extended office hours. However, the Secretariat has extended office hours every year during registration week. The staff has an especially busy time dealing with the administrative workload as we deal with 1600 students and hundreds of graduates each day. During “peak seasons” we ask students to respect the office hours more than normally and to try to avoid coming in person; send an email instead if possible. This way there will be smaller crowds even if it is the last week before the exam period.
To help decrease crowds at the English Secretariat after exam periods, is it possible to have an “Index drop-off’ box? Given that the index book is an official notarized document kept in the possession of the student throughout their academic years, it is required to be treated accordingly and kept safe at all times. If it is lost, the student will be held responsible, even if the index disappears from a not secured dropbox. The only
acceptable way to handle the index is to pick it up personally and hand it over to the responsible registrar after the exam period. Student can have the index dropped off by a fellow student if they are not able to come to the Secretariat in person. In the end, considering someone has to come to bring the index no matter what, it might as well be given to the registrar in person.
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it is not the role of the Secretariat to seek information on behalf of the student, especially if that information is available on the Calendar or on the website of the English program. Students are expected to use the Calendar and website if answers are available in those places. Students keep asking these questions and we will refer them to those sources to find their answers.
Are there any changes you made to the office with the start of this year? Do you have any improvements or modification in your system that students should be aware of? Students are kept informed via Neptun messages, which also appears in their private email inbox, if they have input the correct and current email address in the Neptun system. Students often received notification about changes regarding the summer internships, rotations during the last year, and about how new student cards should be ordered through the Neptun system. Any additional news about the current academic year has already been included in the 2012/2013 Semmelweis Calendar. If there are any changes or important issues students should know about, they will be notified via a Neptun message.
Please tell us a little about a day in the life of an English Secretariat. What does a typical day look like? A typical workday consists of eight hours of very hard work as we process the administrative backlog that piles up during the first weeks of the semester. This type of work lasts through the first month of the semester. Then, all index books and the Neptun system must be processed, which takes at least one full month to complete. If all the administrative backlog has been processed then it is time to prepare index books for the upcoming exam period and begin inputing all exam related data into the Neptun system. All the while the staff must provide students with all the documents that are required by the student’s home authorities, army, loan offices, the immigration office, embassies, residency programs, hospitals, police, banks, etc.
A
s many of you know by now, ISAS Card is an integral part of the student life in Semmelweis University and Budapest. Most of the students at Semmelweis University have already obtained the ISAS Card and are using it. If you are one of the very few who has not got your hands on one– no need to worry– you can obtain one at the Basic Sciences Building in the Student Housing ISAS Card offers a variety of discounts to the students. These discount locations include bookstores, restaurants, coffee shops, and much more. ISAS is continuously working to get more discounts for you! We present any new discounts and deals on our website, on specialized pages. The newest discounts can be seen on the main page of the website on the right hand side called the ISAS Weekly Deals, and detailed lists have their own menu and page where you Please visit the discount pages regularly so you can know where you can use your card. Most of the stores that offer the ISAS Card discount have a Logo of ISAS Card on their main door. So watch out for the sign! The ISAS Merchandise (Hoodies, Tshirts, Keychains and etc.) can also be found in the Basic Sciences Building. Students can refer to this shop during the semester
Is there anything you wish to add which we should know? Is there anything else you wish to tell to students?
Please visit our website at www.isas.hu and refer to the ISAS Card menu and see the
We ask all students to keep themselves updated on Neptun and check their Neptun inbox for messages on a daily basis. Also,
our website for more details! If you have any questions, please do not hesitate to contact us through our Facebook or Website/Email! Issue NO.2 | October 2012
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HUNGARIAN LESSON by Fanni Nowotta
AS A NEWCOMER, YOU PROBABLY FEEL ALIENATED FROM THE HUNGARIANS DUE TO THE LANGUAGE BARRIER. HOWEVER, IT DOES NOT HAVE TO BE THIS WAY! I AM WRITING THIS ARTICLE WITH A FEW BASIC PHRASES, WHICH ARE HELPFUL FOR DAILY USE. WITH THESE SIMPLE PHRASES, YOU CAN INTERACT AND MEET FELLOW HUNGARIANS; Greetings: Hello!– Szia! (See-ya)–among friends or Jó napot kívánok!(yo nâpot keevaanok)general daily greeting Good morning!-Jó reggelt kívánok! (yo reggelt keevaanok) Good evening!- Jó estét kívánok! (yo eshtét keevaanok) Nice to meet you!- Örülök, hogy találkoztunk! (örülök hodj talaalkostoonk) Bye!- Szia! Good bye!-Viszontlátásra! (visontlaataashrâ) Good night!- Jó éjt! (yaw aysâkaat) See you tomorrow!- Holnap látlak! (holnâp laatlâk) I’ll talk to you later!- Később beszélünk! (keesöbb besélünk) Take care of youreself!-Vigyázz magadra! (vidjaazz mâgâdrâ) Good luck!-Sok szerencsét! (shok serenchét) chét)
Yes- Igen! (igen)
ISASReview
No-Nem! (nehm)
But I’m trying to learn it!- De próbálom megtanulni! (de probaalom megtânulni) Could you repeat it, please?-Meg tudná ismételni, kérem? (meg toodnaa ishmételni kairem) Help!-Segítség! (shegeet-shaig) Watch out!-Vigyázz! (vidjaazz) Careful!- Óvatosan! (aw-vâtoshân)
Please-Kérem! (kairem)
I ’d like a map of the city!-Egy térképet szeretnék! (edj tairkaipet seretnaik)
Thank you!- Köszönöm! (kösönöm)
Where am I?-Hol vagyok? (Hol vâdjok)
Youre welcome!-Szívesen! (seeveshen)
Is there any student discount?Van diákkedvezmény? (vân diaakkedvezmainj)
Excuse me!- Elnézést! (elnaizaisht) Could you help me?- Tudnál segíteni? (toodnaal shegeet-any) Would you help me please?-Lenne szíves segíteni? (lenne seevesh shegeeteni) Let me help you!- Hadd segítsek! (hâd shegeetshek) I’m sorry!- Sajnálom! (shâynaalom) Bless you!-Egészségedre! (egais-shai-gedre) Get well!-Jobbulást! (yobbulaasht) I don’t know!-Nem tudom! (nehm toodom) I’m sorry I don’t understand what you’re saying!-Elnézést, nem értem amit mond! (elnaizaisht nehm airtem âmit mond) I’m a foreigner!-Külföldi vagyok! (külföldee vâdjok) I don’t really speak hungarian!-Nem nagyon beszélek magyarul! (nehm nâdjon besailek mâdjârool)
A student monthly pass please!-Egy havi diákbérletet szeretnék! (edj hâvi diaakbeerletet seretnaik) Could you give me a tissue?-Tudnál adni egy zsebkendőt? (toodnaal âdni edj zhepkendot) I’m Fanni- Fanni vagyok! (Fânni vadjok) What’s your name?- Hogy hívnak? (hodj heevnâk) How are you?- Hogy vagy? (hodj vâdj) I’m good, thank you!-Jól vagyok, köszönöm! (yawl vâdjok kösönöm) Are you having fun?- Jól érzed magad? (yawl airzed mâgâd) Are you a hungarian?- Magyar vagy? (mâdjâr vâgy) I like Budapest!- Tetszik Budapest! (tet-sik Budâpest) I like this place!- Tetszik ez a hely! (tet-sik
ez â hey) I just moved here! – Csak most költöztem ide! (châk mosht költöstem e-de) I’m studying at Semmelweis Uni!- A Semmelweisen tanulok! (â semmelweisen tânoolok) Hello, I’m sorry I’m new here…Szia, elnézést új vagyok itt I just started the school…Most kezdtem a sulit… Could you tell me how to get to…? Meg tudnád mondani hogy találok el a(z) Could you show me where is the lecture room?...Meg tudnád mutatni hol van a elöadó? Could you tell me where the bar/cafe is?...meg tudnád mondani hol a büfé/ kávézó?
What was your favorite concert/gig?... Melyik volt a kedvenc koncerted? What kind of music do you like?... Milyen zenét szeretsz? Who’s your favorite DJ/ artist?...Ki a kedvenc Dj-d/ énekesed? What’s your favorite band?...Melyik a kedvenc bandád?
How do I find this room?…Hogy találom meg ezt a szobát?
What’s your favourite place here in
Go this way…Menj erre
Budapest?...Melyik a kedvenc helyed itt
Go straight this way… Menj egyenesen erre
Budapesten?
Is’t about 30 meters… Kábé harminc méter
Do you know any good place/club
It’s on the corner…Ott van a sarkon
nearby?...Tudsz valami jó helyet a
Go up/down the stairs…Menj fel/le a lépcsön
közelben?
Turn right/left on the corner…Fordulj jobbra/balra a sarkon
Do you know what’s on/who’s playing
Take the elevator It’s on the first/second/ third/fourth/fifth floor…Menj lifttel ötödik emeletre
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tonight?...Tudod mi megy/ki játszik ma? What kind of music do they play?...
It’s right next to that door…Ott van amellett az ajtó mellett
Milyen zenét játszanak?
It’s behind this door… Emögött az ajtó mögött van
How much is it to get in?...Mennyi a belépö?
What were you doing in the summer?... Mit csináltál nyáron? I went home to my family…Hazamentem a családomhoz I traveled with my friends…Utazgattam a barátaimmal I went to festival…Elmentem egy fesztiválra Have you ever been to the Balaton?... Voltál már a Balatonon? What festivals have you been to?...Milyen fesztiválokon voltál? Issue NO.1 | May 2012
SEND
YOUR
ANSWERS
TO
CONTEST@ISAS.HU
AND
HAVE
A
CHANCE
TO
WIN:
1St Place -10.000Ft California Coffee Gift Card 2Nd Place - 5.000Ft California Coffee Gift Card 3Rd Place- 3.000Ft California Coffee Gift Card THE WINNERS WILL HAVE THEIR NAME AND PICTURE PUBLISHED IN THE NEXT ISSUE, WILL BE NOTIFIED VIA E-MAIL AND CAN REDEEM THEIR CARDS AT KALVIN TER CCC. The entry with the most correct answers will win the prize. In the case of a tie, the winner will be drawn in a supervised lottery.
Correct answers from last issue: 1.
LAMP ON SZABADSÁG BRIDGE
Last issue’s winners:
2.
MAGYAR RÁDIO IN THE 8TH DISTRICT
1ST PLACE (ISAS HOODIE) - RAGNHILD BAKKE
3.
TREE HOUSE BY ORCZY GARDEN
2ND PLACE (ISAS T-SHIRT) - DÓRA HETTMANN
4.
DOHÁNY U. SYNAGOGUE
3RD PLACE (ISAS T-SHIRT) - ZSÓFIA JÓZSEF
5.
DEÁK TER METRO STATION
6.
CLOCK FACE AT NAGYVÁRAD TÉR
7.
GREAT MARKET HALL