PUBLIC FINANCING
Contents I.
Executive summary
2
II. Introduction
5
III.
Impact of Covid-19 on LPT services in the Global South
6
1.
Impact on ridership
6
2.
Financial impact
6
3.
Impact on workers
7
4.
Impact on users
7
IV.
V.
VI.
VII.
Macroeconomic constraints on supporting LPT services through the pandemic
8
1.
Debt, monetary policy and finance, North and South
8
2.
The problems of development finance during the pandemic
9
3.
The view from Sub-Saharan Africa
10
4.
Fiscal stimulus gap and growing inequality
11
5.
Potential solutions
13
Emergency support for LPT
14
1.
Examples of emergency funding for LPT
14
2.
The case of Argentina
16
Supporting informal transport services and workers
17
1.
Examples of government support for informal LPT services
17
2.
The limits of relief for informal workers
18
3.
Moves towards formalisation
18
IFI funding for LPT during the pandemic – focus on the World Bank 1.
VIII.
21
Maximising finance for development and the World Bank Group’s pandemic response
21
2.
World Bank additional financing for the LPT sector in Morocco
22
3.
Development policy finance for BRT and electric buses in Colombia
23
4.
Evaluation of World Bank involvement in LPT during the pandemic
25
Recommendations for sustainable LPT funding
IX. Appendix
26 29
3
