Ithaca Common Council Approves $50,000 for Reparations Study
By Matt Dougherty
The Ithaca Common Council approved a budget amendment on Thursday allocating up to $50,000 for a reparations study focused on the city’s history of systemic racism and its impact on present-day inequities experienced by Black residents.
First Ward Alderpersons Phoebe Brown and Kayla Matos introduced the amendment, which was passed by a vote of 8-3 after a brief debate.
Phoebe Brown, a long-time advocate for reparations in Ithaca, introduced the budget proposal alongside Matos as part of the Solidarity Slate’s broader mission to address racial disparities in the city. The study will serve as the foundation for future policy discussions on reparations.
“Reparations are needed to repair the damage, and they’re way overdue for Black people,” Brown said during the meeting. “It’s time we stop asking whether Black people deserve reparations and start moving toward action.”
With the proposal’s passage, the council will now move to establish the framework for conducting the study. This process will involve appointing a research committee, hiring an appropriate consultant or research firm, and defining the study’s scope and objectives.
Mayor Robert Cantelmo, who voted in favor of the amendment, emphasized that the research phase is crucial for understanding the local impacts of historic injustices and crafting effective policy solutions.
ON THE COVER:
City of Ithaca residents wait in line to cast their ballots during early voting ahead of Election Day on November 5, 2024.
“The study is not the end; it’s the beginning of a long-overdue conversation about reparations in Ithaca,” Cantelmo said.
This recent approval follows years of grassroots organizing and advocacy around reparations in Ithaca. Groups like the Southside Community Center and Creative Hub 4 Culture have hosted community town halls and discussions, pushing for a formal recognition of the need for reparations.
The momentum grew significantly in January 2024 when the council identified reparations as a “high impact” policy priority. However, efforts to secure funding in 2022 faced procedural obstacles, specifically around the appropriate allocation and type of funding to be requested, delaying action until now.
Despite broad support, the vote was
not unanimous. Some council members expressed concerns about the impact of committing city funds to the initiative during a tight budget year. Third Ward Alderperson David Shapiro was one of three members who voted against the amendment, questioning whether the city should be the primary entity leading such a study.
“I believe reparations are necessary, but I question whether this is the right time or the right approach,” Shapiro said. “Our community is facing many urgent needs, and we must be prudent with our limited resources.”
Like Shapiro, Fifth Ward Alderperson Margaret Fabrizio voted against the amendment, expressing concerns about budget priorities and urging fellow council members to
Continued on Page 14
WEB
X From stickers to curbside service: How to ensure an inclusive Halloween
People are stocking up for Halloween night, buying costumes and candy to give away at the door. But for some trick-or-treaters with disabilities, the night can come with complications.
Christopher Sweet, an outreach support specialist at Cornell University’s Yang-Tan Institute, says there are simple steps to take that can make a big difference in letting all children have fun this holiday. Sweet says:
“Halloween can be an exciting time of year for children and adults alike. It is important to remember though that the experience for children with disabilities can be more challenging as they
navigate barriers such as stairs to front doors, steep driveways, or food allergies.
“Here are a few considerations to make Halloween accessible for all children:
1. “Is the path to the candy open and accessible? Preferably there are no stairs and consider utilizing curbside service.
2. “Are there treat options for dietary restrictions? Add non-food options for children with dietary restrictions, such as stickers or small play toys like fidget spinners.
3. “Are you aware of the different ways trick-ortreaters may say ‘trick-or-treat’? Be aware of non-
verbal or physical cues that may be used to express the phrase. A nod of the head or other gesture can give the child acknowledgment that you understand them.
4. “Are you ready to describe or show treats for trick-or-treaters who are blind or deaf? As you hand out candy and other treats, it can be helpful to say out loud what you are giving out and let children know when they have a choice.
5. “What Halloween decorations are nearby? Be wary of loud, sudden noises and strobing lights.
6. “Let the neighborhood know that you are making an effort to have an accessible Halloween.”
F r EE lan CE rs : Barbara Adams, G. M Burns, Jane Dieckmann, Charley Githler, Ross Haarstad, Steve Lawrence, Marjorie Olds, Henry Stark, and Arthur Whitman
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All rights reserved. Events are listed free of charge in TimesTable. All copy must be received by Friday at noon. The Ithaca Times is available free of charge from various locations around Ithaca. Additional copies may be purchased from the Ithaca Times offices for $1. SUBSCRIPTIONS: $89 one year. Include check or money order and mail to the Ithaca Times, PO Box 27, Ithaca, NY 14851. ADVERTISING: Deadlines are Monday 5 p.m. for display, Tuesday at noon for classified. Advertisers should check their ad on publication. The Ithaca Times will not be liable for failure to publish an ad, for typographical error, or errors in publication except to the extent of the cost of the space in which the actual error appeared in the first insertion. The publisher reserves the right to refuse advertising for any reason and to alter advertising copy or graphics deemed unacceptable for publication. The Ithaca Times is published weekly Wednesday mornings. Offices are located at 109 N. Cayuga Street, Ithaca, NY 14850 607-277-7000, FAX 607277-1012, MAILING ADDRESS is PO Box 27, Ithaca, NY 14851. The Ithaca Times was preceded by the Ithaca New Times (1972–1978) and The Good Times Gazette (1973–1978), combined in 1978. FoundEr good t MEs
First Ward Alderperson Phoebe Brown supported allocating up to $50,000 for a reparations study, saying that reparations are needed to repair the damage caused by hundreds of years of systemic racism. (Photo: Matt Dougherty)
Fifth Ward Alderperson Margaret Fabrizio was one of three council members to vote against allocating funds for a reparations study, saying that “tough decisions” needed to be made to reduce the impact of the budget on local taxpayers. (Photo: Matt Dougherty)
By Mark Syvertson QUESTION OF THE WEEK:
“IF YOU COULD BRING ONE BUSINESS BACK TO ITHACA, WHAT WOULD IT BE?”
Lea Webb Faces Mike Sigler in Race for New York’s 52nd State Senate District
By Matt Dougherty
Democratic State Senator Lea Webb is seeking re-election in New York’s 52nd State Senate District, facing off against Republican challenger and longtime Tompkins County local Mike Sigler.
The race has drawn attention to key issues such as unaffordability and reproductive rights. Early voting began on October 26, and registered voters will have an opportunity to cast their ballots in person on Election Day on November 5.
Webb is a longtime community organizer and former Binghamton City Council member, and says her top priorities are making New York more affordable for working families and ensuring that New York remains a sanctuary state for reproductive rights in a post-Roe v. Wade world.
“At the end of the day women should have autonomy over their bodies,” Webb said. “The Roe v. Wade decision has continued to create a negative ripple effect in our state where we already have challenges getting people access to specialists like an OBGYN.” Webb has said that as chair of the State Senate Committee on Women’s Issues, she has worked to establish a reproductive equity fund to help people in financial need get access to reproductive care.
Webb also says that the state can do more to improve affordability by investing in programs to build more affordable housing, increase wages, and improve access to education, healthcare and child care.
Webb pointed to initiatives like the Restore New York program, which helps to redevelop dilapidated buildings into habitable places that can be used for a variety of needs, including affordable housing.
This summer, the City of Ithaca received $1.9 million through Restore New York to redevelop three vacant commercial buildings into 24 units of affordable housing.
Webb also said that her work on expanding the state’s Tuition Assistance Program, which increases financial aid for students, has been a significant step toward making higher education more accessible. She has also advocated for stronger gun safety laws and investments in mental health services to address public safety concerns.
Sigler is a 14-year veteran of the Tompkins County Legislature and like Webb, is also concerned about improving affordability. However, he has put his focus on reducing property taxes by getting the state to contribute more to county governments.
He points to the decision to redirect federal Medicaid Assistance Program (FMAP) funding away from counties as a primary example of how the state has worsened the affordability crisis by increasing financial pressures on local governments, which in turn led to higher property taxes.
Sigler explained that, unlike most states, New York requires counties to contribute significantly to Medicaid, and the state recently redirected federal Medicaid Assistance Program (FMAP) funding away from counties, which has created large budget gaps for local governments.
For Tompkins County alone, this shift has cost $1.6 million annually, in Cortland County it cost $2 million, and in Broome County it cost $5 million. “The state scooped that money up,” Sigler said, criticizing officials in Albany for increasing their budget while passing down financial costs to counties — forcing local governments to fund essential services like mental health programs and law enforcement on their own.
Sigler has put the blame for this on state officials, including Webb, saying, “My opponent, and the other leadership in Albany like Governor Kathy Hochul, decided to take that FMAP money.”
Webb has denied Sigler’s allegations that she was responsible for the redirecting of FMAP funding, and said that she is opposed to the state’s policy of redirecting FMAP funds and worked to prevent it from happening, but that the final decision regarding implementation of the policy was up to the Governor.
“I was very vocal about pushing back against this provision,” Webb said. “Along with the New York State Association of Counties, [we] were very vocal in expressing concern about the fiscal impact.” She
added, “At the end of the day, it’s the executive branch that ultimately has the final decision on this particular provision.”
Despite the lack of power granted to the Legislature regarding this issue, Webb said that finding equitable solutions to this issue is “something I’ll continue to try to work on alongside local leaders.”
Sigler positions himself as a true moderate Republican, is willing to admit that Donald Trump lost the 2020 election, and says that he isn’t interested in contesting the states policy regarding reproductive rights. However, when it comes to things on the ballot like Proposition One, the New York Equal Rights Amendment (ERA), which would codify anti-discrimination protections into the New York State Constitution for things like reproductive rights, ethnicity, national origin, sex, gender, age and pregnancy, there’s a clear difference in perspective between himself and Webb.
Sigler has called proposition one a “Trojan horse,” saying that introducing additional protected categories for things like age could lead to unintended consequences. He also expressed concerns about the amendment somehow enabling minors to make decisions regarding hormonal therapy without enough oversight.
In response to Sigler’s opposition to Proposition One, Webb said, “Unfortunately, my opponent likes to stoke fear and misinformation. The Equal Rights Amendment is doing exactly what it says. It is providing protections as it pertains to reproductive rights and further protections as it pertains to protections against discrimination.”
Webb continued saying, “A lot of the respective classes included in the ERA are
“The Red and White Cafe.”
Bob
“"I'm sad Ollie’s is closing.”
Zalariah
“We’re about to lose Big Lots too.”
Zai'vyon
“Just a Taste.”
Ginger
“I don’t remember the name of it but the paint-your-own-pottery studio in the mall.”
Laura
Incumbent Democrat Lea Webb is facing a challenge from Republican Tompkins County Legislator Mike Sigler in the race to represent New York’s 52nd State Senate District. (Photo: File)
The Talk at
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
RE 2024 Presidential Election
“Are you concerned about government spending and the national debt? Congressman Marc Molinaro (R, NY-19) favors tax cuts for billionaires, and letting the taxes they owe go uncollected. Trump’s tax cuts of 2017 resulted in rich corporations, such as Amazon and Chevron, paying no federal taxes from 2018 forward, and even getting tax rebates that could be applied to taxes they owed from other years! (NY Times 4/30/19) These tax cuts added to our national debt. In addition, the IRS has been hindered from doing its normal job of collecting unpaid taxes, because Congressional Republicans routinely cut back IRS appropriations. Molinaro stated that he “found savings by cutting wasteful programs, like the one to hire more IRS tax agents.” On 3/22/24 while voting the FY2024 Appropriations Bill, he voted to “rescind $10.2 billion from Biden’s effort to hire thousands of new IRS tax agents.”
Hiring more tax agents is “wasteful”?
No, we desperately need more tax collectors to go after our wealthiest tax cheats. Reducing IRS collections only adds to the “fiscal cliff” we are facing, according to the Committee for a Responsible Federal Budget. In contrast to Molinaro, Josh Riley will promote responsible tax policies in Congress.” — Joel Rabinowitz
RE: Mike Sigler – Proven Dedication to Our Community
“Mike has committed himself to serving the Tompkins County community for the last twenty years and has consistently supported our Public Safety organizations. While some people were calling for the defunding of our police and sheriffs, Mike was steadfast in his support. He knew a strong public safety organization was critical to the safety of our community. In Tompkins County we have a fully staffed public safety department and a very transparent organization. Mike is also dedicated to assisting Small Business enterprises and has shown his commitment, energy and support for improving economic conditions in all communities. He understands the need for a fair wage and how the rising costs have hurt people and families. We need more people like Mike with real business experience in Albany. While some politicians attempt to scare voters with statements of taking away social security, abortion rights, Medicaid and
other personal rights, Mike is steadfast. He supports New York’s current abortion rights law and will fight to end New York State’s withholding of Medicaid funds from every County. Our State has withheld over $1.6 Million in Medicaid from Tompkins County, and this equates to a 3% rise in every tax bill. This has happened in every County of New York.
We need a stronger voice in Albany to keep our taxes in check and provide balance and logic to decisions. One of the main reasons I support Mike is his focus on Mental Health needs. We need a real plan and funding from New York State, and he will fight to make that happen.
Please consider your vote for Mike a vote for your community. I trust his judgment.” — Randy Brown, Tompkins County Legislator
RE: Molinaro vs Riley: A Non-Partisan Primer on Their Dramatic Differences on Health Care Issues
“Healthcare is one of the many clear ideological fault lines in this year’s race for Congress in NY 19- Marc Molinaro vs Josh Riley. The differences run deep between the Democratic and Republican parties. These stark differences, which are in part about economics and the role of government in our lives, provide physicians with clear voting choices. These differences are nowhere clearer than between Molinaro and Riley. These contrasts are not only about how much money we have at the end of the week but also the place of government in our lives.
Four Key Health Care Issues to Consider
There are four major issues each of which is of interest to significant voter segments.
Reproductive Rights
Number 1 is women’s bodily autonomy and women’s health under the cover of “reproductive rights.” Riley is in favor of ensuring the privacy of a woman making a decision on health care with her doctor. Molinaro feels that reproductive rights should be left up to states to decide. The effect of 21 states banning or restricting abortion has put some physicians in a position of choosing the best care for their patient or facing criminal charges. Young physicians are not going to practice obstetrics and gynecology under those conditions. The United States already has the highest maternal mortality rate among industrialized countries. Failure to support women’s right to autonomy will result in less health care for women.
Healthcare Access
Number 2 is affordable health insurance. The number of uninsured has dramatically decreased since Congress passed
the Affordable Care Act (ACA). Forty five million people have signed up for health insurance via the ACA. Riley will support Kamala Harris who will, in turn, push to maintain the ACA via reauthorizing in 2025 subsidies or extra government payments to purchase health insurances. It is unlikely that Republicans including Molinaro will vote to support the ACA by, most importantly, re-authorizing these same subsidies about which many Republicans have already expressed serious reservations. Without these subsidies the cost of health insurance and number of uninsured will increase.
Drug Prices
High pharmaceutical prices are the number 3 issue on everyone’s mind. Many patients and the public are unaware that Medicare had been forbidden to negotiate prices, despite being the largest bill payer for drugs. After casting the pivotal tie-breaking vote in the 2022 Inflation Reduction Act legislation, Harris would like to expand government negotiating power to more drugs, not just the 10 recently successfully implemented. She would also like to extend the benefits of, for example, max $35 insulin, to all Americans, not just Medicare enrollees. Riley supports Harris on these government efforts to control drug prices. Molinaro has not taken a position on this issue and has come out against the IRA which passed before he took office.
Gun Safety
Gun control, the number 4 issue, represents another fault line between Marc Molinaro and Josh Riley. Molinaro “supports the second amendment. What Congress and state governments need to be focused on now is going after criminals, and those illegal guns on our streets.” The National Rifle Association has endorsed Marc Molinaro. Riley responds: As counsel in the U.S. Senate, I worked on bipartisan legislation that was supported by law enforcement, including updates to the Bulletproof Vest Partnership Program. I support commonsense legislation to keep our communities safe from gun violence. The Brady Campaign has endorsed Josh Riley.
Additional Health Issues that Distinguish the Campaigns
Regarding the drug misuse and abuse epidemic, both Molinaro and Riley have been engaged in this tragic issue in complementary ways.
Lastly, climate change and its impact on health is critical for our future. It seems to not be uppermost in the minds of most voters. However, as the election approaches, and with Hurricane Helene and Milton on our minds which had a much more dramatic
UPS DOWNS&
Ups
Southworth Library Association has been selected to receive a Thinking Money for Kids Program Kit from the American Library Association (ALA) and the FINRA Investor Education Foundation. The Program Kit is a collection of expertly vetted resources to help libraries teach financial education concepts for children ages 3 to 12, both in the library and in children’s homes.
Downs
In a few days America will almost certainly elect a pro-fracking President because both the Democrat candidate, Kamala Harris, and the Republican candidate, Donald Trump, support this environmentally devastating fossil fuel extraction practice that has made our nation the largest oil and natural gas producer in the world.
HEARD SEEN&
Heard
A joint survey conducted in October 2024 by the NYS Association of Towns and the Rural Housing Coalition of New York (attached) reaffirmed that housing affordability continues to be a major issue confronting rural communities throughout the state.
The poll of municipal leaders found that 68% of respondents believed that housing affordability was a major concern in their towns and villages.
Seen
Naomi Klein delivered this year’s Bartels World Affairs Lecture this past Wednesday 10/23 up on the Cornell campus. She opened by calling Cornell out on it’s treatment of students protesting the genocide in Gaza and Cornell’s financial connections to it. Her lecture was focused on her new book which helps explain the rise of conspiracy culture in North America within the vacuum of silence from science-based rationals.
IF YOU CARE TO RESPOND to something in this column, or suggest your own praise or blame, write editor@ithacatimes. com, with a subject head “U&D.”
QUESTION OF THE WEEK
Who do you think will win the 2024 Presidential E lection?
42 9 % Kamala Haris
57.1% Donald Trump
N ext W eek ’s Q uestio N : Should the City of Ithaca increase the Mayor's salary from $30K to $60K?
Visit ithaca.com to submit your response.
Molinaro Defends Congressional Seat From Riley Rematch
By Matt Dougherty
New York’s 19th Congressional district — which spans from Columbia County on the Massachusetts border to right here in Ithaca — is set up for a rematch this Election Day as Democratic challenger Josh Riley is running to unseat Republican incumbent Marc Molinaro in a race that could decide which party controls the House of Representatives.
The 2022 race between Riley and Molinaro was one of the closest in the country, with just 4,500 votes separating the two candidates. Molinaro’s victory in 2022 helped Republicans take away the Democratic majority in the House. The district is considered a toss-up and is rated as R+1 by the Cook Political Report.
Riley’s campaign has worked to shape Molinaro’s public image as a corrupt, probusiness, anti-abortion extremist that would give Republicans the votes they need to pass a national abortion ban, while Molinaro’s campaign has worked to portray Riley as an out-of-touch elite liberal lawyer who would turn a blind eye to illegal immigration.
Molinaro has denied Riley’s claims that he would support a national abortion ban, saying, “I oppose a national ban, and I remain committed to opposing a national ban.” He continued, “I want women and families in upstate New York and across America to understand that I respect your decision, and I want that decision to rest between you and your physician, not Washington.” Molinaro added, “I bucked my party as the first Republican to back legislation protecting IVF, birth control, and mifepristone.”
Despite Molinaro’s reassurances, Riley has criticized him for repeatedly voting in favor of legislation to restrict women’s access to reproductive healthcare.
According to Riley, “He voted 13 times in the last two years to restrict women’s access to abortion services.” He added, “When he was behind closed doors in the fall of 2022, right after Roe v Wade was overturned, he expressed his support for an abortion ban.”
During a debate between the two candidates live-streamed on CSPAN, Riley asked Molinaro to prove his commitment to protecting women’s reproductive rights by asking if he would support the Women’s Health Protection Act, which would codify Roe v. Wade into law.
Molinaro responded by saying that he would not support the act because it could have unintended impacts on women’s access to abortion in New York. “I will do nothing that diminishes access here in New York, which that legislation could result in,” Molinaro said.
Riley responded, saying, “If you believed anything coming out of your mouth, you would support it.” He added, “If you send me to Congress, I will do what [Molinaro] has not done. I will sponsor the Women’s Health Protection Act to put Roe v Wade back into law.”
Molinaro has criticized Riley’s stance on immigration, accusing him of supporting policies that have weakened border security and allowed “criminals” and “terrorists” to enter the country illegally. He also accused Riley of pushing for “mass amnesty, catch and release, and sanctuary city policies.”
There are more than 200 sanctuary cities in the United States, including Ithaca. Molinaro says that these policies have resulted in an influx of undocumented immigrants, which he says is a breach of national security that has increased crime, even though undocumented immigrants are 37% less likely to commit a crime than US citizens. He has advocated against sanctuary city policies, saying, “We need to lift sanctuary city policies and reinstate remain in Mexico to protect American citizens.”
Riley responded by saying that he supports bipartisan immigration reform and criticized Molinaro for not supporting a bipartisan proposal to enhance border security that was brought forward earlier this year.
Riley said he would have supported the proposal, which included adding 1,500 new border patrol agents, improving technology to stop fentanyl at ports of entry, and processing asylum claims more efficiently.
Despite the proposal being crafted by Republican Senator James Lankford (R-OK), who is among the most conservative voices in the Senate, Trump pressured members of his party to oppose the deal to avoid giving President Biden the appearance of a legisla-
tive victory during election season.
Regarding the proposal’s details, which many progressive Democrats opposed because they viewed it as an adoption of Trump’s hardline immigration policy, Riley said, “It wasn’t perfect, but it would have been a hell of a lot better than the situation we’re currently in.” He accused Molinaro of rejecting the deal at Trump’s direction for political gain.
The issue of support for organized labor has also been a dividing line between the two candidates. While both have expressed support for unionized workers in Ithaca who recently went on strike, only Riley has come out in full support of the PRO Act, which would strengthen workers’ rights to organize and engage in collective bargaining.
“I’ll vote to pass the PRO Act on day one because workers’ rights should never be for sale,” Riley told the Ithaca Times. Unlike most Republicans, who strongly oppose collective bargaining rights and support right-to-work laws, Molinaro has opposed these laws and expressed limited support for the PRO Act, which would repeal them at the state level.
Molinaro told the Times that he “supports the vast majority of the PRO Act’s provisions” and is “totally opposed to right to work laws.” However, he still has major concerns about the legislation since it would extend collective bargaining rights to undocumented workers.
Molinaro said, “In my view, and in the view of many Republican and Democrat lawmakers I’ve talked to, these rights were meant to be extended to American workers only.”
While Molinaro thinks that collective bargaining rights are reserved for American citizens, the NLRB disagrees.
According to NLRB rules regarding immigrant employee rights, the NLRB already extends these rights to all workers regardless of immigration status. “Regardless of immigration status, you have the same rights under the National Labor Relations Act (NLRA) as all covered employees.”
Incument Republican Marc Molinaro has attempted to position himself as a moderate who is personaly pro-life, but says he wouldn’t support a national abortion ban. (Photo: File)
Democratic challenger Josh Riley has criticized Molinaro for repeatedly voting againt codifying reproductive rights, saying that he can’t be trusted to not support a national abortion ban. (Photo: File)
COMMUNITY CONNECTIONS
Will Russell: I’m Headed to Wilburland!
By Marjorie Olds
Born in Providence Rhode Island, spending most of his youth in Westfield, NJ, Will Russell loved music as far back as he can remember. “Music meant everything to me. It fed me inside. I loved my first record (Beatles) and was in awe of what stereo lent to the music.” Will loved music and he loved electronics, and how using the technology could improve the sound. By the time Will was 17 he was doing live sound at local music events and concerts.
In 1976 Will headed to Ithaca College and upon graduation made his way into the conventional adult life of good jobgood house-good income. While he was pleased to remain in the Ithaca area, he felt restless for something else…He continued to be drawn to the technology of producing music, as he was to the music in which he surrounded himself.
But he did that after the “good jobgood house” work was done.
If he did make the break, he might intern in a recording studio in NYC, so that he could become a recording engineer, but he wasn’t ready to leave Ithaca, where he was listening to music and meet-
Will Russell
Electric Wilburland
www.wilburland.com
https://linktr.ee/Wilburland
ing so many artists.
Even before completing an Associate’s Degree at TC3 in Electrical Technology, Will began teaching himself how to create and utilize a recording studio, doing live sound for clubs and concerts in and around Ithaca. He found he was good at it, without training, without an internship. And he and so many musicians seemed to hit it off, and enjoy working together.
The Burns Sisters, Martin Simpson, Mac Benford, Donna the Buffalo, the Horseflies liked his work. And he would sometimes travel with these new friends and mix their shows on their road tours.
“I found that I had created my own good job. And I loved all aspects of my work.”
Will rented a modest cinderblock building on North Fulton Street and that “bunker” morphed into his first recording studio. The building was sturdy and serviceable, except when the trains passed close by.
In 1995 construction began to expand the widths of the thoroughfare and the traffic travelling the streets surrounding Will’s recording studio, turning North Fulton into a major highway. Will could not coexist with the loud decibels blasting a few feet from his recording studio…”
“George Gesslein found a temporary location for me in an old architects building on Triphammer Road. Then Matt Saccuccimorano found the church.”
A beautiful, spacious historic church, built in 1910 was deconsecrated in the 60’s and it was vacant, since the growing congregation had built a larger church nearby
in the same town.
When Will entered the empty church with fourteen 8 feet tall windows, he knew this was the place. “I felt that through a lot of focus and hard work, the universe made it possible for me to be here.”
In 1997 Will opened Electric Wilburland Recording Studio in Newfield, New York. “I have the best job in the world. It’s so great of a job that it’s, like, not a job. I do what I love all day, and people pay me money for it.”
“Every day when I come to Wilburland I pull in the parking lot and turn off the car and I look up at this place I’m about to spend my day in, and I’m just like, YES! Pretty much every day. It’s a gift to be able to come here and do this.”
“I think that every studio has its own sort of energy space, and some of it is dictated by the physical structure, but always in combination with the humans that are in it. So it’s some magical combination of the physical structure and the human energy that operates within it.”
“This place in an extension of me. And people who know me would nod their head to agree. My wife Susan “gets it” and is fully supportive…Couldn’t get any better.”
“Creating art of any kind can be emotionally volatile, since it is an expression of our human emotion. Music can be an especially potent medium for sharing art. Creating music in this space is wonderful, uplifting, sacred…”
“A musician may write a song, or a collection of songs. Maybe the composer
has practiced the music before arriving at Wilburland. We get set up and the music is recorded. Then in the Control Room we listen to the recording and talk about what went right and what did not…I’m by nature a peacemaker and enjoy supportive editing with the artist. I keep the editing environment comfortable and relaxed while changes are made. This helps the players let their guards down and share their intimate expressions in the recording and in the revising.”
“When we are supported and feel relaxed we can “speak our truth” in our music…I want the artist to listen and say, “Yes, that’s the way I want that to sound.”
“Sometimes at live musical performances people start crying, even if the lyrics are not sad. Even if there are no lyrics. Music can be so powerful we don’t always need words to communicate human emotion…That’s the whole point. That’s why all this techy stuff in the recording studio was created… That fills me up with joy.”
A Two-Party System where Both Parties are Backed by Big Money
By Tom Wright
The poor may be “too slow” to mentally twist their minds around, how ‘economic efficiency’ and shareholder value’ were supposed to produce the best of all possible outcomes, but they are smart enough to know they’ve suffered declining future prospects for them and their children. Even now while rents are high and prices haven’t come down, some of us blame them for not understanding or being aware that stock prices are sky high and why can’t they see how good the economy is and why do they believe Trump’s lies.
Here’s a hint. Trump’s lies at least uses words that acknowledge a broken system. This mere acknowledgement made my heart sing at one point. Dems and Never Trumpers decline to handle issues that could interrupt the gravy train of wall street and corporate money streaming into their campaign funds. But that means they are vulnerable to someone whose claims seem to address these issues.
Trump perversely turns these issues upside down embracing this legal corruption and increasing tax cuts and government support to wall street and big corporations. This is why Trump has Elon
Musk and Koch Industry backing. The American dream has marched out of sight over the horizon for too many of us. By acknowledging that this carnage and suffering exists Trump gains credibility with many too stressed, busy or otherwise challenged to see that Trumps vague “concepts of plans” will never amount to anything good for us. They see that Trump really annoys those who refuse to hear, see, or speak about runaway corporate influence over our government. They want to support that kind of disruption. And again these same Trump supporters are too stressed or otherwise chal-
lenged to see that Trump wants to put corporate influence on steroids (Heritage Foundations 2025 Plan).
Here’s what I’m looking at a two-party system where both parties are backed by big money (big corporations). The elections are covered mostly by big corporations who cover more political strategy than talking points and more talking points than actual causes of the despair, emigration from s---hole countries to become immigration here, and income inequality, and growing insecurity.
Note: Read the rest of this Guest Opinion online at Ithaca.com
Will Russell, founder of Electric Wilburland Recording Studio in Newfield, NY, transformed a historic church into a creative space for artistic expression. (Photo: Provided)
The 2024 Election: Voters Head to the Polls Amid High Stakes and Record Turnout
By Matt Dougherty
The 2024 General Election is in full swing and the Tompkins County Board of Elections is continuing to urge all eligible voters to make a plan for casting their ballots before the election comes to an end.
The last day to register to vote was October 26, which was also the start of early voting. The official Election Day is November 5 and is expected to see high turnout because of the Presidential election.
According to Tompkins County Republican Election Commissioner, Alanna Congdon, “Because this is a Presidential election year, we are gearing up for a busy election and preparing for high voter turnout.”
Voters in Tompkins County have several options for how they can participate, including early voting, absentee voting by mail, and in-person voting on Election Day.
According to the Tompkins County Board of Elections, as of October 24 a total of 59,975 individuals registered to vote
in the county. Of those the most are registered Democrats (32,578), the second most (13,717) are listed as “Blank,” meaning they are not affiliated with any political party, and the third most are registered Republicans (10,384), with 3,332 under “other” party affiliations.
Tompkins County, with its county seat in the City of Ithaca, is a trustworthy Democratic stronghold in a sea of red in upstate New York. As a result Democrat candidates on this year’s ballot like Lea Webb and Josh Riley have worked to solidify a presence in the community, but it remains to be seen whether the blue bump that the county provides will be enough to propel their campaigns to victory on Election Day.
The districts Webb and Riley are running in also consist of Republican stronghold counties like Cortland, Tioga, Sullivan and Delaware, which all voted for Trump in the 2020 election.
For Webb to retain her status as the Democratic representative for New York’s
52nd State Senate District, which consists of Cortland, Tompkins and parts of Tioga
The sample ballot for the 2024 General Election. Voters will use this ballot to cast their votes for President of the United States, U.S. Senate, Congressional Representative, New York State Assembly, State Senate, Tompkins County District Attorney and County Court Judges. (Photo: Tompkins County Board of Elections)
County, she is focusing on increasing voter turnout everywhere, especially in deep blue places like Ithaca. However, her Republican challenger Mike Sigler could pose a threat, as he is a well known figure that has served as a member of the Tompkins County Legislature for more than a decade.
Sigler has been repeatedly elected to represent the Town of Lansing on the Tompkins County Legislature, and his longtime local status could work to swing him some extra votes in the area that would have otherwise gone to Webb.
Like Webb, Riley is focusing on maximizing voter turnout in Tompkins, Broome, Columbia and parts of Ulster County, which are the only counties in New York’s 19th Congressional District that voted for Biden in 2020, while the seven other counties in the district all voted for Trump. The 19th District has been identified as a toss-up seat by the Cook Political Report, and could decide which party has a majority in the House of Representatives heading into 2025.
Regardless of the electoral outcomes, a diverse pool of voters will have the opportunity to weigh in on a range of important races, from the Presidential election to local offices, and even a statewide ballot
Ithaca residents wait in line to vote dowtown at Town Hall during early voting. Elelction officials expect turnout to be high given that its a Presidential Election year. (Photo: Mark Syvertson)
proposal that could amend the New York State Constitution.
For those who prefer to participate in early voting — which gives voters the flexibility to cast their ballots at their convenience rather than waiting for Election Day — voting will take place from October 26 to November 3. Polls will open at 9 a.m. each day, though hours may vary, and voters are encouraged to check the Tompkins County Board of Elections website for specific details.
Steve DeWitt, the Democratic Election Commissioner, emphasized the importance of early voting in light of the anticipated high turnout. “We’re encouraging people to do Early Voting because we’re expecting increased turnout for election day,” DeWitt said. “In 2022, 7,158 of the total 35,543 Tompkins County voters voted early — I think we’ll see those numbers increase this year.”
In addition to early voting, absentee voting by mail is another option for those who may not be able to make it to the polls in person. Voters can request absentee ballots by mail or in person and the deadline to apply for an absentee ballot by mail is October 26, while the final day to apply in person is November 4.
Absentee ballots must be postmarked no later than November 5, or they can be delivered in person to any polling location or to the Tompkins County Board of Elections office by the close of polls on Election Day. Voters can track the status of their absentee ballot online using the New York State Voter Lookup Tool, which also allows them to check their registration status and polling location.
WHAT’S ON THE BALLOT?
President of the United States
The Democratic candidates for President and Vice President are Kamala Harris and Tim Walz, while the Republican and Conservative parties have nominated Donald J. Trump and JD Vance. The Working Fam-
ilies Party is also supporting Harris and Walz, so they will appear under the WFP line as well.
United States Senate
In the U.S. Senate race, incumbent Senator Kirsten E. Gillibrand is running for re-election on the Democratic and Working Families Party lines, while Michael D. Sapraicone is the Republican and Conservative candidate. Diane Sare is running under the LaRouche party banner.
United States House of Representatives
In the race for the U.S. House of Representatives, Josh Riley is the Democratic and Working Families candidate for New York’s 19th Congressional District, facing off against incumbent Marcus Molinaro, who is running on the Republican and Conservative lines. (See Page 6 for full story on the race, or read it online at Ithaca.com)
New York State Senate
Local races also include the contest for New York State Senate, where Democratic incumbent Lea Webb is running against Republican challenger Michael J. Sigler. (See Page 4 for full story on the race, or read it online at ithaca.com)
New York State Assembly
In the New York State Assembly race for District 125, Anna Kelles was running unopposed on the Democratic and Working Families lines, but a write-in campaign has been launched by local realtor Lindsay Lustick Garner to challenge Kelles in the final days leading up to the election.
Garner announced her write-in campaign on October 24 and despite being a longtime Democrat, she says that she “no longer feels like she belongs [in the party].”
Garner has said that “the two party system is failing us,” and that she is running to unseat Kelles because “she does not represent our needs as a community.”
If elected, Garner says that she would work to support school districts, make affordable housing safe, and address mental
flip your ballot over to vote on Proposition One, which would add anti-discrimination protections to the New York State constitution for things like ethnicity, gender, age, and reproductive rights
County Board of Elections)
health, homelessness and substance abuse across the district.
Kelles responded to the last-minute write-in campaign that was launched against her in an interview with the Cornell Daily Sun. Kelles didn’t take any shots at Garner, but told the Sun that her experience in elected office gives her an edge over her new opponent.
Other local races include the Tompkins County District Attorney and judicial positions for the County Court and Ithaca City Court.
Proposition One: Amendment to Protect Against Unequal Treatment
In addition to the candidate races, voters in New York State only will decide on a statewide proposal that can be found on the back side of your ballot.
This proposal seeks to amend Article 1, Section 11 of the New York State Constitution, which currently protects against unequal treatment based on race, color, creed, and religion. If passed, the amendment would expand these protections to include:
• Ethnicity
• National origin
• Age
• Disability
• Sex/sexual orientation
• Gender identity/Gender expression
• Pregnancy/pregnancy outcomes, as well as reproductive healthcare and autonomy
A yes vote on Proposition One would add these protections to the New York State Constitution, while a no vote would not.
Polling locations in the City of Ithaca
In the 1st Ward, District 1 voters will cast their ballots at the Lehman Alternative Community School at 111 Chest-
Map showing which counties in New York State voted for Joe Biden (D) or Donald Trump (R) in the 2020 election.
nut Street, while District 2 voters will go to Titus Towers at 800 South Plain Street. District 3 voters will vote at the Southside Community Center, located at 305 South Plain Street, and District 4 voters will head to the Greater Ithaca Activities Center (GIAC) at 301 West Court Street.
In the 2nd Ward, District 1 and 3 voters will vote at the Town of Ithaca Town Hall at 215 North Tioga Street, and District 2 voters will join those from the 1st Ward at GIAC.
In the 3rd Ward, District 1 votes at South Hill School on Hudson Street, and District 2 at Belle Sherman Annex on Cornell Street.
For the 4th Ward, all three districts vote at the Robert Purcell Community Center on Jessup Road, which also serves Districts 1 and 2 in the 5th Ward.
For more information on how to register to vote, apply for an absentee ballot, or find your polling location, visit the Tompkins County Board of Elections website or contact the office at (607) 274-5522.
This September Ithaca Mayor Robert Cantelmo signed on to a national petition to support the Equal Rights Amendment at the federal level. (Photo: Matt Dougherty)
Don’t forget to
(Photo: Tompkins
100 Things To Do In Ithaca Before You Die
By Kinsey Burr
Ithaca local Amanda Jaros Champion has recently published her book, 100 Things To Do In Ithaca Before You Die, a guidebook that explores some of the most unique and interesting aspects of in and just outside of Ithaca. From a tour of the restaurants in Collegetown to meditation at the Namgyal Monastery Institute of Buddhist Studies, the book covers a variety of events and opportunities for all interests.
100 Things To Do In Ithaca Before You Die is part of a collection by Reedy Press book publisher that explores what cities all throughout America have to offer. Champion said she decided to write her book after reaching out to Reedy Press and the idea was pitched to her to write this part of the series. Living in Ithaca for 24 years, her experience from giving Cayuga Lake boat tours to raising two children while serving on the Country Legislature, Champion felt she was the right person to write this book.
“I feel like I know the area and I love the region and this just seemed like a really great way to celebrate all of the wonderful things that people are doing here, the beautiful natural resources we have,” Champion said.
The book is divided into four sections: Food and Drink, Music and Entertainment, Sports and Recreation, Culture and History, Shopping and Fashion. Each location was individually researched and selected by Champion to be included, an enriching experience according to her.
“For some of the things there was history that I didn't know, so that was definitely rewarding and felt like interesting things to include that other people might be interested in as well.”
Champion said she hopes readers will pick up this book to learn more about Ithaca, and to connect deeper with the history and the culture of the city.
“It was a little bit of a puzzle,” Champion said about deciding what spots to include and which to leave out. “There are just so many organizations, nonprofits and businesses, and there are so many people who don’t always notice.”
The Newfield Covered Bridge and the Alex Haley Pool, for example, are rich in history and fundamental aspects of the Ithaca community that get new recognition in Champions book. Find a new creative community to support like The Dorothy Cotton Jubilee Singers or the Ithaca Ithaca Ballet Company, who help fill the city with entertainment and art all year long.
Champion is a lover of the outdoors and nature, she said her favorite parts of Ithaca to explore are in the Sports and Recreation section of the book.
“I enjoy talking about the waterfall and the trails and the parks, all of those kinds of things,” Champion said. “That is where I find inspiration in Ithaca, in all the natural beauty and the lakes.”
Ithaca is known for its picturesque waterfalls and hiking trails, but there is so much more to Ithaca’s recreational activities. This book explores some of those lesser known opportunities, such as the Farm Sanctuary just outside of Ithaca, or catching a whiff of the Corpse Flower at the Liberty Hyde Bailey conservatory.
Champion said she hopes locals will pick up this book and learn about some things in Ithaca that they did not know about before and immerse themselves more into the community.
“I hope visitors will pick it up and check out some of these places and use it as a guidebook,” Champion added.
100 Things To Do In Ithaca Before You Die is currently on sale for readers to purchase and learn more about Ithaca. Champion will be doing live events to promote her book throughout the year in Ithaca and surrounding cities.
Arts & Entertainment
100 Things To Do In Ithaca Before You Die is part of a collection by Reedy Press book publisher that explores what cities all throughout America have to offer. (Photo: Provided)
Tompkins County Legislator Amanda Champion has written a book compiling 100 things to do in Ithaca before you die, and we reccomend you check it out. (Photo: File)
Music Director: Guillaume Pirard
CHAMBER SERIES BRAHMS AND SCHOENBERG
Sunday, November 10 at 3:00 pm
First Unitarian Society, Ithaca
Chamber Series Sponsor:
Media Sponsor:
Tickets are available in advance online (CCOithaca.org) or by calling 607-273-8981
Tickets may be purchased at the door if there are seats! (Concerts sold out last year)
Downtown Ithaca Hosts Festive Halloween Event
By Matt Dougherty
Downtown Ithaca was abuzz with excitement last Friday, October 25th, as families flocked to the Commons for the annual Halloween in Downtown Ithaca event.
The Commons transformed into a lively trick-or-treating destination from 4:00 to 6:00 p.m., drawing costumed children and their families to visit local businesses handing out candy.
The event offered a safe and festive environment for young trick-or-treaters to explore, with participating shops embracing the Halloween spirit by decorating their storefronts and greeting costumed visitors. From superheroes to spooky monsters, a wide variety of costumes were on display, creating a
Photo Credit: Max Stephenson
vibrant scene throughout the Commons.
In addition to the trick-ortreating, Ithaca Times photog-
rapher Mark Syvertson captured the festivities with a series of photographs highlighting the event’s lively atmosphere.
View Mark Syvertson’s photo series below to relive the event’s best moments, or check out the photos in color online at Ithaca.com
show fiscal discipline in their decisions.
“Sometimes, people just have to toughen up and make hard budget choices,” she said. “We can’t keep adding to the budget without considering where the money is coming from.”
Third Ward Alderperson Pierre SaintPerez echoed these sentiments, indicating that while he supports exploring reparations in principle, he remains cautious about allocating city funds. “This is an important conversation, but we need to be thoughtful and deliberate in how we
HIGH-STAKES RACE
already covered under federal law in the Constitution and we're just trying to go a step further to provide additional safeguards.” She added, “It is not a Trojan horse.” Webb’s support for the measure aligns with her broader focus on ensuring that all New Yorkers, especially marginalized groups, have equal access to healthcare, education, and employment opportunities.
Energy policy presents another clear
approach it, especially given the budget pressures we are facing,” Saint-Perez said.
In contrast, Kayla Matos, who cosponsored the amendment, highlighted the growing support from community members and organizations. “This proposal reflects the will of our residents,” Matos said. “Over a hundred people signed our petition, and countless more have shown up to town halls and meetings asking us to take action. We owe it to them to move forward.”
Ariana Taylor-Stanley, a local organizer with Tompkins County Showing Up for Racial Justice (TC SURJ), has emphasized the importance of wealth redistribution as part of reparations. Taylor-Stanley cited the success of TC SURJ’s Redistributing White
dividing line between the two candidates. Sigler is a strong proponent of expanding nuclear energy, arguing that it is essential for meeting New York’s carbon reduction goals. He points out that while New York has passed aggressive climate goals under the Climate Leadership and Community Protection Act (CLCPA), the state has paradoxically increased its reliance on natural gas, much of which is imported from Pennsylvania and obtained through fracking — which New York banned in 2014.
“If you’re serious about climate change
Wealth campaign, which has moved over $97,000 to local BIPOC organizations, as evidence of the community’s readiness to support government-led reparations efforts.
“Many white folks here understand on a material level the importance of wealth redistribution and are ready to support reparations at the governmental level,” Taylor-Stanley said.
As Ithaca looks to move from discussion to action, supporters hope this study will lead to broader reparations policies.
Brown, who has long been an advocate for reparations in Ithaca, pointed to the city of Evanston, Illinois, as an example of how local reparations can be implemented effectively. In November 2019, the City of
and taking carbon out of the atmosphere, you have to go nuclear, there’s really no other way,” Sigler said, advocating for modernized, smaller-scale nuclear plants that he claims are safer and more efficient than the facilities of the past.
“Nuclear is not what it was half a century ago, it’s not Three Mile Island,” Sigler said, referencing a partial meltdown that occured at a nuclear power plant in harrisburg Pennsylvania in 1979 that resulted in the release of a small amount of radioactive gas into the environment. The incident caused widespread concern about the safety of nuclear energy.
Webb, while acknowledging the com-
LETTERS TO THE EDITOR
continued from page 5
impact because of climate change, the differences between the campaigns on this topic may garner greater attention. Marc Molinaro has not criticized Trump’s position against addressing climate change but his position on what to do is not clear. Riley has been very vocal on efforts to address climate and has earned the endorsement of
Evanston established a reparations fund of $10 million from its tax on recreational marijuana sales.
Other cities, including St. Louis, MO; Providence, RI; St. Paul, MN; Asheville, NC; Boston, MA; Tullahassee, OK; and Berkeley, CA, are also considering reparations strategies.
“Reparations for Black people are not new,” she remarked. “Other ethnicities have been able to get reparations … and we’ve been fighting, and voicing, and asking for reparations for decades.”
The council will meet again in the coming weeks to discuss the composition of the research committee and the next steps for launching the study.
plexity of energy policy, is more cautious about nuclear energy, citing unresolved issues around nuclear waste.
“Nuclear is not a silver bullet that will help us reach our climate goals…[and] the federal government hasn’t even figured out what to do with the waste produced by these nuclear energy plants.” She added that this waste can leak into groundwater and poison vital parts of the ecosystem for thousands of years.
Instead, Webb has focused on investing in renewable energy sources like wind, solar, and hydropower. Webb also highlighted her collaboration with Assemblymember Anna Kelles in passing bipartisan legislation that banned CO2 fracking in the state.
the League of Conservation Voters. What Next?
Health professionals are trusted messengers. Hopefully, our summary of the stark differences between Molinaro and Riley will help you as you make this major decision that will affect your pocketbook, your relationships with health care and your future. Please vote.” — Marguerite Uphoff, M.D. & William Fudeman, L.Ac.
A Big Step Up
Cornell Sprint Football Makes Run for the Postseason
By Steve Lawrence
While at Ithaca High school, Sawyer Tierney (class of ’21) was so absorbed in soccer and track that playing football was just not possible. Issue number one: Soccer and football are both fall sports. Issue number two: Given Sawyer was a two-time captain and a crucial player on a four-time sectional championship soccer team, the coach would have likely put up quite a fuss. (As a sprinter on the track team, Sawyer was also a school record-holder in the 300, and a four-year state qualifier.)
Now a senior at Cornell, Tierney is in his second year as a Sprint Football player — splitting time between Offensive Line and Tight End — and he is “loving every minute of it.”
In Sawyer’s words, “When I was a freshman, I played intramural soccer and ran club track, but I didn’t want to commit to any
varsity sport, because I wanted to see what an Ivy League workload was like.” He added, “I did an internship my sophomore year, but last year my workload was fine, and I saw what a great experience my brother had playing Sprint Football, and it was time to join.”
Aidan Tierney (Cornell class of ’22) is Sawyer’s brother, and he was featured in this column a few years back. He is now the Offensive Line and Tight Ends coach for the Sprint team, and I asked the younger Tierney about having his brother as a position coach, and he said, “It works out well, there are no issues. In fact, if I want to go over and watch film, or study an opponent’s defensive strategies, it helps that we have known each other our whole lives.”
The Sprint team is 2-3 at this point, and those two wins have the players excited.
“Last year was a tough year,” Tierney said. “We were 0-6, and bringing in Coach (Michael) Huyghue this season has made a big difference in that the culture has really
Sawyer Tierney played almost every sport but football at Ithaca High School. At Cornell he’s part of a resurgence on the spring football. (Photo Provided)
improved.” Contributing to the program’s upward trajectory, Sawyer offered, is the fact that “Coach Huyghue brought in a really elite coaching staff, and that has helped us buy in. Coach (Sean) Jones — our defensive coordinator — won a Super Bowl with the Packers, and he had over a hundred sacks in the NFL. Trent Strozier is our offensive coordinator, and he was (Heisman Trophy winner and NFL quarterback) Vince Young’s coach, and our linebackers coach, Blake Clark, brings a lot of coaching experience as well.” Tierney said that all of those coaches came from the Houston area to Cornell as a testa-
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ment to Huyghue’s vision for the program, and he joked that all three are likely to be buying a new winter wardrobe shortly. He then added, “Seriously, we saw the sacrifice these coaches have made to come here. They have made it clear that they do not want to lose, and we are trying to learn as much as we can from them.”
After such a challenging 2023 season, the Sprint team is ripe for redemption. In Tierney’s words, “On campus, Sprint Football is sometimes seen as a fun activity — a way for guys to get together — but the attitude on the team is, it’s a Division 1 varsity program, and we want to win. We are leading our division, and we’re in a good position to make the championship game. That will be a big step up from 0-6.” Being a part of the program’s rejuvenation is a rising tide that is lifting all boats, as the saying goes. Sawyer stated, “Seeing such a high level of commitment and the way it translates into a high level of effort makes it more fun. My teammates are bringing a lot of intensity, and a lot of competitiveness, and that has brought a big shift.”
The Cornell Sprint Football team will travel to West Point to take the gridiron against the Cadets this Friday night. They will play Mansfield the following week, and the NSCF Championship game will be played in mid-November.
Sponsored by Cornell’s Program on Freedom and Free Societies Co-sponsored by Department of Literatures in English Heterodox Academy The Society for the Humanities
“When Grad School Was Daring, Irreverent, and Fun: A Reminiscence”
MARK BAUERLEIN
Senior Editor at First Things and Professor of English Emeritus at Emory University
Statler Hall 165 and live-streamed Monday, November 4, 5:30 pm
If you wish to attend online, register at: https://cornell.zoom.us/webinar/regist er/WN_W_a5zxVcRkmguae6hooK4Q FREE AND OPEN TO THE PUBLIC