BIM Model Development & Critical Analysis

BIM Model Development & Analysis

By Iftikhar Ismail

MSc BIM & INTEGRATED DESIGN 2015 ~ BIM THEORY AND PRACTICE

The Regent Site I MediaCityUK Client: Peel Media Ltd. Value: £29m Dates: July 2014 - Ongoing CURRENTLY AT RIBA WORK STAGE 4.

A new six storey office building that will consolidate Bupa UK staff into one building. The building draws upon the waterside context to provide a striking office building.

THE LOWRY

WAR MUSEUM

Construction of a 13,800 m2, BREEAM ‘Excellent’ office building for up to 2,000 staff. Start on site Jan 2016 subject to Planning Approval.

Bupa Office Building (MediaCity, Salford Quays)

Images Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

> Acquire design approval faster > Eliminate duplication of work > ‘Real-time’ model-based estimating > Eliminate risk & increase certainty in design > Seamless transfer of data from design to const. > Information re-used rather than re-created > Good discipline collaboration = > Fewer design co-ordination problems on site.

collaboration

outcome

Why BIM?

Image Source: tekla.com Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Image Source: bimthinkspace.com

Specification for information management for the capital/delivery (CAPEX) phase of construction projects using BIM.

Bupa

Bupa: PAS 1192-2:2013 Image source:

Technology Assists Using BIM to direct the Build

Chapman Taylor Architects

Used

Image Source: Autodesk.com Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Image Source: DPR Construction

BIM tools can add value to a project in six major ways.

“With great apps comes great responsibility” “can be powerful in the hands of those who know how” Andrew Fisher DPR Construction

FEDERATED BIM MODELS BY Bupa DISCIPLINE • Check models against selected rules • Identify clashes/problems between components and specified systems • Adequate pre-planning prior to project kick-off (EIR/BEP)

Scope of Modeling

Benefits include: (The Players) • Reduction in time for 2D dwg manual clash detection.

• Reduction in changes during construction (CAPEX) stage.

• Human error minimised.

• Early resolution to design changes with fewer costs.

Text adopted from MSc BIM Theory &

Image adopted from: Mimi Zadeh - Quora Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Practice Report by Siaw Wee Jong MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Diagram adopted from: scia.net Image source:

Chapman Taylor Architects (BEP)

Bupa: Information Exchange - Interoperability Revit interoperability with fabrication tools, FM & Civil 3D platforms means useful data is growing exponentially‌.and is crucial for successful BIM implementation.

Text adapted from seanfburke.com Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Architect Vs Engineer

Image Source: EIR bimtaskgroup.org MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Use a BIM Model Validation Checklist

Finishes drawings, Schedules & Costs

2D drawings & details in ‘split’ BIM model

2D Construction Details & Setting-out

Bupa BIM Model - What’s Included?

Integrated Architectural & Structural BIM Model

Component Schedules Eg. Doors/windows Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Image source: Chapman Taylor Architects MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

MEP BIM Model completed for ONE floor only......therefore BIM model incomplete!

‘Real-Time’ Cost Information Image Source: thebimhub.com

Fire Evacuation & Simulation

Bupa BIM Model - What’s Missing?

Project Planning (4D/5D) & Sequencing

Image Source: oasys-software.com

BIM Model-Thermal Analysis

Image Source: Vicosoftware.co Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

m

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

In the UK, most designers & contractors use Navisworks daily for spatial coordination, and It has good IFC support from software developers.

Clients often mandate the use of these tools.

On current projects At Chapman Taylor, Navisworks NWD files are required deliverables, along with IFC and (COBie) within the BEP.

1.

Bupa: Clash Detection using Navisworks

2.

3.

Filter clashes by discipline Navisworks is an integral part of our design process, we clash check and report serious issues to the discipline leads.

Images Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Solibri is best for analysis 1. IFC file optimisation & measurement, like Navisworks but with the added functionality of a logic/rules-based checking system.

2. Using the Ruleset Manager to define the parameters

Andrew Fisher DPR Construction

Bupa: Clash Detection using Solibri (Solibri Model Checker & IFC Optimizer) 3. Run soft & hard clash detection in SMC 4. Information take-off to quantify building elements within model

Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

The Cloud is the Limit!...

Autodesk offer 3GB of storage space per seat during initial contract duration.

Good for initial testing and solving issues.

The only fall is the accuracy of the information you put into the BIM model.

Images source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Bupa: Green Building Studio

Recommend that BIM models are kept ‘reasonably’ simple.

The more detailed the BIM model the greater chance of errors and longer timescales without any substantial better final results.

(Cloud based Energy Analysis)

Text adopted from: ebim.co.uk

BIM Model Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

• Simulate & evaluate planned construction sequence/simulations.

• An excellent tool for revealing potential bottlenecks on site.

• Expensive process to set-up/manage.

• See and understand the sequence of construction activities in real time.

4D BIM - Time & Scheduling

Image Source: GSA BIM Guide Series 04 (gsa.gov/bim) Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

• Being able to foresee risks and potential problems before construction starts, translates into savings of both time and money for the client.

• Assists contractors in cost cutting & enhances productivity on site.

• Speeds up the overall construction process and decreases construction time.

Text adopted from: teslaoutsourcingservices.com MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

"The quality of your cost estimate is directly linked to the quality of the data produced by the rest of your project team”.

(Fred Mills, The B1M)

Image Source: aaceiatlanta.com (Jeff Baker & Mike Bartoli)

“Lack of application interfaces between BIM systems and 3rd party applications of choice”.

(RICS 2011 Report)

5D BIM - Model Based Estimating Benefits includes:  3D BIM model combined with cost.  BIM model enables accurate quantity survey of materials and components.  Objects/Quantities linked directly to cost databases in BIM model.  Cost implications of design changes can be produced in real-time.

Text adopted from: aaceiatlanta.com (Jeff Baker & Mike Bartoli ) Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Image Source: vicosoftware.com MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

• Design of light levels for pedestrians and vehicular access.

• Clear & safe accessibility to and from the building.

• Maintenance: a passive message that the building is being cared as a deterrent to crime.

Image & Report source: Chapman Taylor Architects

Epstein, E. (2012)

Crime & Maintenance 6D BIM • Hard FM: maintenance of the building fabric.

• M/E/P systems: easy, and portable access to building information.

Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

2D

3D

Image & drawings source: Chapman Taylor Architects

2D > 3D > nD BIM (BIM Maturity Level 3?) nD BIM model that incorporates multi-aspects of design information required at each stage of the lifecycle of a building facility; including scheduling, costing, accessibility, crime, sustainability, maintainability, acoustics and energy simulation.

It is an integrated tool that will enable construction stakeholders – across time zones – to cohesively and comprehensively work within their own specialised discipline on one model.

Text Source: http://www.itcon.org/ Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

Limitations • Lack of Interoperability (between design & estimating software.

• IFC interoperability currently at 95%.

• Changes to legal & insurance docs.

• Lack of BIM office protocols/standards • Initial implementation & set-up costs.

• Skills gap/lack of expertise/training.

Image Source: bimblog.bondbryan

BIM Model Limitations & Challenges Challenges • Cultural change (resistance) • Re-inventing the wheel • Change does not come easy • Management & control of information • Perceived costs, heavily front loaded • Costly & lengthy contract negotiation processes.

Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

•Appoint BIM Co-ordinator or BIM Champion on each project.

•Software/hardware limitations.

• Model ‘splitting’ due to complexityFaçade separated from walls/floors • BIM model management: who/why?

• Model-based estimating is a lengthy process (Tiwari et al. 2009) MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

 Understand the fabricator software import/export requirements… “Garbage In = Garbage Out”?  Understanding the true value of BIM as information rather than falling into ‘Revit’ mind set…been there?  Tracking progress and understanding changes in the model are difficult to record & maintain (who/how?).  Combining traditional 2D Cad process with 3D BIM is risky and to be avoided = Model Errors!

Bupa: BIM Model Analysis - Lessons Learned  More frequent multi-discipline design reviews at key design milestones.  A common project directory that is live and accessible by all participants.  BIM Management fees should be considered when bidding for BIM Projects.

Image Source: University of Salford-MSc BIM Lecture Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

 Better communication: face-to-face meetings.  More presence of tradespeople during design MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

2016

      

Further investment in training to develop future BIM champions.

‘Real-time’ BIM drawing register Quality of BIM model to allow accurate cost data extraction Carbon footprint-linking carbon data Virtual reality headsets for clashdetection/training purposes (Oculus).

Bupa BIM Model - Areas for Improvement IFC not fully interoperable. Current maturity at 95% (Graphisoft/Autodesk) Text Source: mclachlanlister.wordpress.com (Lucy Guerin)

• Designers to be encouraged to share incomplete solutions > reducing re-work • No design change should be considered ‘minor’ (ripple-effect).

• More detail in model=Less field conflicts Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

2016

2025?

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

References & Bibliography McBloggin Lister. 2015. BIM Limitations, Impediments to Implementation and its Future. [ONLINE] Available at: https://mclachlanlister.wordpress.com/page/2/. [Accessed 15 Nov 15].

BIM Task Group. 2015. Frequently asked Questions. [ONLINE] Available at:http://www.bimtaskgroup.org/bim-faqs/. [Accessed 24 Oct 15] Bond Bryan Blog : Interoperability Testing IFC2x3. 2015. News.

[ONLINE] Available at:http://www.buildingsmart.org.uk/. [Accessed 15 Nov 15].

Standards. 2015. BIM Talk. [ONLINE] Available at: http://bimtalk.co.uk/standards. [Accessed 14 Nov 15].

Sourceable. 2015. Why Architects Need BIM. [ONLINE] Available at: https://sourceable.net/why-architects-need-bim/. [Accessed 18 Oct 15].

Bond Bryan Architects. 2015. Interoperability. [ONLINE] Available at:http://bimblog.bondbryan.com/interoperability/. [Accessed 25 Oct 15].

BIMcrunch. 2015. News. [ONLINE] Available at: http://bimcrunch.com/category/news/.

[Accessed 01 Nov 15].

Epstein, E. (2012). Implementing Successful Building Information Modelling. MA. Artech House. Page 67.

Barnes, P. and Davies, N. (2014) BIM in Principle and in Practice.

London. ICE Publishing.

Eastman, C., Teicholz, P., Sacks, R. and Liston, K. (2011). BIM Handbook A Guide to Building Information Modeling. 2nd Edition. New Jersey.

Canada. John Wiley & Sons Inc. Aubin, P. F. and McClelland, D. (2014). BIM Collaboration with Autodesk Navisworks. Oak Lawn, IL. G3B Press.

Jernigan, F. (2007). Big BIM Little BIM-The practical approach to building information modeling. Salisbury, USA. 4Site Press.

Garber, R. (2014). BIM Design-Realising the Creative Potential of Building Information Modeling. Chichester, UK. John Wiley & Sons Ltd. Crotty, R. (2012). The Impact of Building Information ModelingTransforming Construction. Abingdon, UK. Spon Press.

Smith, D. K. and Tardif, M. (2009). Buidling Information Modeling-A Strategic Implementation Guide. New Jersey, USA. John Wiley & Sons.

Deutsch, R. (2011). BIM and Integrated Design-Strategies for Architectural Practice. New Jersey, USA. John Wiley & Sons Inc.

Image Source: BluEnt Background Image: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice

BIM….More is Less!

Image Source: Chapman Taylor Architects

MSc BIM & Integrated Design 2015 - BIM Theory and Practice