COLOR THEORY
by: IVANA COLLADO
TABLE OF CONTENTS
03
COLOR + PSYCHOLOGY + PERCEPTION
00
ABOUT ME
01
02
COLOR + THEORY
COLOR + DESIGNERS
04
COLOR + BALANCE
05
COLOR + HEALTHCARE
06
COLOR + CAMERA
07
08
COLOR + RYTHM
COLOR + RETAIL
11
COLOR + VARIETY
12
COLOR + WORKPLACE`
09
13
10
14
COLOR + [ PROPORTION + SCALE ] [ UNITY + HARMONY ]
COLOR + HOSPITALITY
COLOR + CULTURE`
CONCLUSION
00
ABOUT ME
Hi, nice to meet you. Welcome to my life. by Ivana Collado
This is me
M.1 COLOR THEORY
ABOUT ME
That’s my dog and Valentina
BACKGROUND
WHERE are you from? DOMINICAN REPUBLIC WHAT is your cultural background? HISPANIC WHO is your family … composition? ONE MOM, ONE DAD and THREE OLDER BROTHERS WHAT Languages do you speak? SPANISH + ENGLISH + DOG WHISPERER WHERE have you lived? DR | MIAMI | COSTA RICA | WHEN did you become focused on design? SENIOR YEAR OF HIGHSCHOOL WHAT factors have affected your path? WORK EXPERIENCE + LIFE ITSELF
“
I’m not sure what I’ll do, butwell, I want to go places and see people. I want my mind to grow. I want to live where things happen on a big scale.
”
F. Scott Fitzgerald
TRAVEL
REASONS & MOTIVES -
COLOR
“White space is to be regarded as an active element, not a passive background.�
Personal color preferences: When it comes to color I always lean more towards WHITE, GREY and BLACK. The moment another color is introduced into my projects I take it very serious and put a lot of thought into it.
COLOR + BALANCE How does it play out in your life? I drive a WHITE car, and dress in BLACK and GREYS. My cellphone is SILVER and has a thin, transparent case that is almost unnoticeable.
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
01
COLOR + THEORY
COLOR THEORY is the study of a set of principles used to understand the relationship among colors.1 LET THERE BE LIGHT; color transforms as light is experienced. -Complimentary colors result in two colors oposite of each other. -Analogous are two or more colors adjacent to each other. -Tetradic are four colors equally spaced out along the color wheel.
Graphics provided by Google Images
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
02
COLOR + DESIGNERS
BERNARD TSCHUMI was born January 25th, 1954. He is known as an architext, writer andeducator. He is associated with deconstructive architecture movement. He studied architecture at the Swiss Federal Inst. of Technology in Zurich. He is widely recognized as one of today’s foremost architects, first known as a theorist, drawing attention for his first place design of the Parc de la Villette, which is a 123-acre cultural park in France.
“Red%is%event”<%Bernard%Tschumi%
TSCHUMI proposed three overlapping systems: points materialized by the folies. Lines, curves or lines indicating circulations, and the surfaces defined by large green open spaces for playgrounds. These systems are superimposed in the â&#x20AC;&#x153;contaminationâ&#x20AC;? of the crossings that invite the viewer/ walker to branch from one use to another.
THE%PROJECT% The% Parc% de% la% Ville]e's% program% included% a% wide% concentraUon% range% of% acUviUes,% cultural,% educaUonal,% sports,% leisure,% on% a% 55% hectare% site.% Winner% of% the% compeUUon% launched% in% 1982,% Tschumi%decided%not%to%add%an%addiUonal%building,% but% to% work% so% distribuUng% programmaUc% requirements%throughout%the%site.%% % THE PARC DE LA VILLETTEâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S
IVANA%COLLADO%|%PROF.%PAPPANO%|%COLOR%THEORY%|%FIU%
program included a wide concentration of activities, cultural, educational, sports, leisure on a 55 hectare site. As mentioned previously he was the winner of the competition launched in 1982. Tschumi decided not to add an aditional building, but to work so disributing programmatic requirements throughout the site.
The% Parc% de% la% Ville]e's% program% included% a% wide% concentraUon% range% of% acUviUes,% cultural,% educaUonal,% sports,% leisure,% on% a% 55% hectare% site.% Winner% of% the% compeUUon% launched% in% 1982,% Tschumi%decided%not%to%add%an%addiUonal%building,% but% to% work% so% distribuUng% programmaUc% requirements%throughout%the%site.%% %
IVANA%COLLADO%|%PROF.%PAPPANO%|%COLOR%THEORY%|%FIU%
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
03
COLOR + PSYCHOLOGY + PERCEPTION
THE LIFE OF PI
ORANGE is well known to be a symbolic color of Hinduism. It can represent happiness because of its association to the sun. In this scene Piscine watches the girl dance and we see how the colors are particularly more vivid and joyful, setting the perfect atmosphere. MAGENTA symbolizes harmony and emotional balance. The colors also relat to the place, it is unlikely to see this combination of colors repeat once Pi leaves with his family.
SCENE%ANALYSIS%
In%this%scene%we%see%more%of%the%BL tones,% and% to% my% understanding% fr Piâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s% religious% point% of% view% t symbolizes%ChrisGanity.%The%saturaG of%this%color%has%a%lower%value%beca it% reads% as% dark% and% gloomy,% mak the%viewer%feel%the%tension%between and%Richard%Parker.%%
BLUE in this scene shows a serene moment. This color is very symbolic in religions such as Christianity. The saturation of this color has a lower value because it reads as dark and gloomy, but at the same time very calming.
COLOR%PALETTE%
SCENE%ANALYSIS%
%%Here% is% another% example% of% the colorist%combining%the%opposing%color BLUE% and% ORANGE.% In% this% scene% the actors% (both% Pi% and% Richard% Parker pop% against% the% blue% background making%the%viewer%focus%on%them.%Thi is%a%great%example%how%the%combining of% colors% is% used% to% manipulate% the audiences%aPenGon.%%
ORANGE is shown again in this scene which is combined with blue which is an opposing color. In this scene the actors (both Piscine (Pi) and Richard Parker) pop agianst the blue background, making the viewer focus on them. This is a great example of how combining colors is used to maniuplate the audiences attention.
COLOR%PALETTE%
SCENE%ANALYSIS%
GREEN%in%this%scene%symbolizes%ho The%color%itself%is%known%as%hope, in%this%scene%Pi%is%hopeful%that%he survive% and% make% it% home.% There lot% of% comfort% in% the% color% g because% we% always% associate% it% mother% nature% (forest,% gardens,% sustainability).%%
GREEN in this scene symbolizes home. The color green is known for hope, and in this scene Pi is hopeful that he will survive and make it back home. There is a lot of comfort in the color green because we always associate it with nature, such as forests, gardens, and sustainability.
COLOR%PALETTE%
SCENE%ANALYSIS% O R A N G E% i s% a s s o c i a t e d% w i t h% encouragement,% determinaGon% and% creaGvity.% It% also% can% give% oďŹ&#x20AC;% the% sensaGon% of% heat% because% to% the% human% eye% it% a% a% hot% color.% In% this% scene%we%see%Pi%ďŹ&#x201A;oaGng%in%a%small%ra^% he%made%to%save%himself%from%Richard% Parker.%
ORANGE is associated with encouragement, determination and creativity. It also can give off the sensation of heat because to the human eye it relates to a hot color. In this scene we see Pi floating in a small raft he made to save himself from Richard Parker.
COLOR%PALETTE%
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
04
COLOR + BALANCE
BALANCE achieves the point of equilibrium between to or more forces. The spatial context of the color used can vary depending on the size of the space, lighting both natural and artificial, influences from and interaction with other colors, textures, and the physical orientation of the architectural space.2
Symmetrical Balance Asymmetrical Balance
Mosaic Balance Radial Balance Graphics provided by Google Images
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
05
COLOR + HEALTHCARE
COLOR in healthcare-Influence: color can influence health care either positively or negatively. -Perception: Attractive environments that use color well as part of the overall design scheme can positively affect patientsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; perceptions of the quality of care. -Context: color has the power to compensate for contextual noise to some extent. -Space definition: volumes, forms, edge changes, and planes can be better defined through the assistance of high-contrast colors.
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
06
COLOR + CAMERA
“Beautiful things don’t ask for attention”
-Secret Life of Walter Mitty
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
07
COLOR + RYTHM
In color theory, rhythm is movement. Alternating hues, progressive values, or contrast of saturation are methods whereby a designer can manipulate interior elements to bring a better rhythmis order to space.3 Types of Rhythm 1. Repetition 2. Alteration 3. Progression 4. Continuation 5. Radial
Repetition
Alteration from light to dark
Continuation
Progression through size and value
Radial
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
08
COLOR + RETAIL
ALL SAINTS | LINCOLN ROAD
CON
CONTRAST OF VALUE is shown in a balanced manner by placing the ligher tones against a dark display and wooden floors. The darker clothes are placed against the lighter materials such as the concrete walls or the tile floors. The play of DARK vs. LIGHT is seen throughout the store.
The contr shown in manner b lighter to dark displ and wood darker placed lighter ma the conc tiles floor Dark vs L throughou
sewing machine display CONTRAST OF DESIGN FEATURE The armcahirs thatThe are distributed around the store are ais the focal point unique design deature that blends very well with the textures the materiality. in thein found store,in this element repeats itself in both
FOCAL POINT-
the entrance and secondary part of the store. are eye catching but do not compete at all with the clothing, but makes the client feel like they are in an art exhibition more than a clothing store.
The armchair itself has “stitchings” just like the clothing and it’s materiality goes very well with These antique pieces certainly the concept of the store.
aluminum sides resembles the stores rock nâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; roll concept with the dark tones.
FOCAL POINT The sewing machine display is the focal point in the store, this element repeats itself in both the entrance and secondary part of the store. These antique pieces certainl are eye catching but do not compete with the clothing, making the store look more as an exhibition rather than an average clothing store.
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
09
COLOR + [ PROPORTION + SCALE ] [ UNITY + HARMONY ]
PROPORTION is defined as the size relationships between elements and SCALE refers to the size of a shape in relationship to a given known, in most cases the human body and itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s position within a space. BALANCE and UNITY is achieved when an interior space has no more than five colors.
FIBONACCI SEQUENCE
Graphics provided by Google Images
THE VITRUVIAN MAN
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
10
COLOR + HOSPITALITY
Photo!by!google!
The EPIC HOTEL is located in downtown Miami alongside the riverwalk. The hotel opened its doors in 2009, and attracts business professionals and leisure travelers. This luxorious hotel provides a warm feeling using different tones of orange, brown and sand, which is a subtle transition when walking in from a sunny Miami day.
COLOR!PALETTE! LOBBY!
COLOR!+!VARIETY!_!HOSPITALITY%
Discussion%[LOBBY]%
% HCOLOR+LINE% Lines!in!this!concept!play!an!immense!role!as!it!is!repeated!both!ver5cally!(wall! screen)!and!horizontally!(floor!slab)!as!well!as!the!balanced!lines!of!the!wall! volumes.!The!lines!we!see!on!the!floor!seem!to!act!like!a!guide!towards!the!front! desk,!which!is!a!subtle!detail!that!can!be!appreciated!once!you!enter!the!space.!As! for!the!ver5cal!lines,!it!acts!like!an!anchor!connec5ng!the!floor!to!the!very!high! ceilings.! HCOLOR+TEXTURE% The!wall!has!a!natural!tone!with!a!sandy!texture,!following!the!same!design! principle!of!the!earthy!tones.!This!texture!itself!creates!shadows!that!give!depth! to!the!wall.!! HCOLOR+SHAPE% The!clear!shape!in!this!lobby!are!rectangles!and!squares.!They!are!used!in!a! discrete!manner!on!the!wall!and!as!pedestals!to!exhibit!the!sculptural!pieces,!as! well!as!the!extruded!square!around!the!front!desk.! HCOLOR+PATTERN% The!paVern!can!be!appreciated!in!the!minor!details!like!the!rug!which!has!curved! natural!tones!that!you!see!around!the!space!and!if!you!look!close!enough!the!!4! 5er!chandelier!itself!has!a!smoky!paVern!on!the!glass.!
paVern!
Details%
H%The%main%details%noMceable%in%the%lobby%are%the% verMcal%screens,%linear%floor%design,%earth%tones,% and%pops%of%small%colors.%
line!
shape!
texture!
COLOR!PALETTE!
Photo!by!google!
COLLADO!
HOSPITALITY!
Discussion%[SEATING% LOUNGE]%
% HCOLOR+TEXTURE% The!textures!in!this!area!are!minimal!and! natural!in!color.!Very!similar!to!the!texture! men5oned!previously!in!the!lobby,!this!sandy! color!fabric.! % HCOLOR+SHAPE% The!columns!are!very!no5ceable!in!this! space.!These!large!ver5cal!squared!columns! have!a!darker!color!that!divide!the!space!in! two.! % HCOLOR+PATTERN% The!paVern!on!the!hanging!ceiling!lamps!are! smaller!rectangles!placed!in!a!linear!manner.! The!color!and!repe55on!of!the!elements!of! the!lamps!are!similar!to!the!chandelier!in!the! lobby,!tying!in!both!areas.!!
shape!
Details%
H%Hanging%elements,%verMcal% lines,%and%earthy%tones.%%
line!
texture!
paVern!
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
11
COLOR + VARIETY
M.1 1 Color + Rendering
DOMINANT(
SECONDARY(
ACCENT(1(
BLUE- has a calming effect on the pysche. We can relate is to the sky and the sea which are powerful elements of nature. This cool and calming color also shows creativity and intelligence.
ACCENT(2(
GREEN- is the color of life, renewal, nature and energy. It is also associated with meanings of growth, harmony, freshness and safety.
ACCENT(3(
GRAY- is a cool, neutral and balanced color. It can be seen as emotionless and dull.
M.1 1 Teal is the main color seen in the previous rendering, which is found between BLUE and GREEN. It uses five colors that are degrading from very dark to very light or dominant to accent. The palette is very cool and in working with the 60-30-10 rule, the strategy was to use the more dominant tone as the 30 taking up only a portion of the main wall in a diagonal manner. The lighter colors were used as the majority since it is more subtle.
My EXPERIENCE: This was a very interesting and FUN assignment. The idea of putting into action what we read this week, and deciding what way to go and executing it into an interior space is a great way to learn.
COLLADO
Color + Rendering
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
12
COLOR + WORKPLACE`
W O R K P L A C E --> C I S C O
Case Study #1 PROJECT: CISCO HQ DESIGNER: O+A LOCATION: San Francisco, California
COLOR + VARIETY Workplace Design Analysis
COLLADO
OVERVIEW IMAGE
M.12
DISCUSSION | ANALYSIS - COLOR + LINE is seen in this image symbolizing strength and stability by the use of the structural elements that support the building. The verticality of the columns reflect movement which accentuate the height of the space and are a natural concrete finish which stand out in such a wide space. The horizontal lines on the roof are what widen the space and using a natural wood color to make the space feel restful, relaxed and calm.
ANALYSIS
- COLOR + SHAPE are seen in these reading nooks that are composed by a series of lines creating triangular shaped structure and for the octagon shape on the ground. Using the blue and natural wood finish make these elements stand out , offering more visual variety. The selection of the color and shape shows a more modern and fun style, rather than a generic shape such as a cube. COLOR + TEXTURE used in CISCO are both visual and tactile. The quality of the surfaces of all the natural materials used in this design can be categorized as wood and concrete surfaces that are naturally smooth and rough depending on their use. As seen in this image the different tones in the sliding barn doors create an appearance of texture which shows a visual stimulation, that separate activity zones. - COLOR + PATTERN is very noticeable in this project as the patterns are both on the walls, floors and ceiling. The idea was to add variety to separate different spaces from each other since there are no physical separators such as glass or a solid wall. The colors used in transit spaces are more neutral in grey tones but where there is activity the colors are more vibrant, playful and inviting.
L I N E
S H A P E
T E X T U R E
P A T T E R N
DETAILS CONCLUSION | EXPERIENCE
IMAGE
- In conclusion, the color and variety in a workplace play a big role, specially in the open floor concept for these type of work environments where they want a free flowing space rather than a series of smaller rooms and large amount of cubicles. The use of the right amount of variety in colors is a very important aspect in designing these workplaces because impulsive use of colors can lead to a space that lacks harmony and unity. Using color in the form of lines, shapes, texture and pattern is a way for the designer to create a story within the space and add visual stimuli and create a variety of experiences for the users. - My experience with this chapter has been understanding the key points which are color variety, contrast, lines, shapes, textures (with their distinct finishes) and patterns. As well as how to successfully apply them so that it speaks to the users in a visual and tactile sense.
COLLADO COLOR + VARIETY _ WORKPLACE
W O R K P L A C E --> Y E L P
Case Study #2 PROJECT: YELPHQ DESIGNER: O+A LOCATION: San Francisco, California
OVERVIEW IMAGE
L I N E
S H A P E
DISCUSSION | ANALYSIS This project is very similar to CISCO, I wanted to include it in the study to show how they achieve a similar outcome by using natural materials such as wood and concrete, more orthogonal shapes, smooth and rough texture in materials also patterns on the floor and walls but their outcome is more subtle when it comes to COLOR AND VARIETY.
T E X T U R E
P A T T E R N
DETAILS CONCLUSION | EXPERIENCE -In conclusion YELP has achieved a very interesting workplace using all of the color varieties we see in the previous project (CISCO) but the way they use it is different. Their rooms are more boxlike and simple, so color plays the leading role to make the space more attractive and it is shown on the furniture rather than the actual architectural elements. My experience analyzing two different projects has made me understand how one can be done in a more subtle and conservative manner (YELP) and how the other (CISCO) can be taken to the next level with more colors and variety to achieve an attractive and fun space.
COLLADO COLOR + VARIETY _ WORKPLACE
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
13
COLOR + CULTURE`
My culture and country is the Dominican Republic.
COLOR%+%CULTURE!
The most powerful memory of color is in the street art you normally see in all of the Dominican homes. The colors are vivacious just like the people. An important part of our culture is the FOOD! Our food is just as vibrant in colors as the art. Food brings all of our family together, and is one of the traditions we take with us wherever we go. I have chosen Japan to learn about their culture and how the use color. It is an interesting culture since it was closed off from foreigners for a very long time, so itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s culture is pure and not influenced by others. I had the pleasure of spending a few weeks in Japan and fully immerging into their traditions. COLLADO!
DOMINICAN!REPUBLIC!
COLLADO!
COLOR palette
RED
BLUE
[symbolism and meanings] Red in the Dominican flag symbolizes the blood of all of the heroes.
Blue symbolizes liberty.
YELLOW
Yellow is like the sun, which symbolizes joy, happiness, intellect, and energy.
TURQUOIS
Turquois is the color of the Caribbean sea, and it symbolizes wisdom and serenity.
PURPLE
Purple symbolizes nobility, wisdom and dignity.
Color is very important in the Dominican culture, specially the colors of the flag. Those colors are used a lot in the costumes of the traditional dances and parades. The Dominican Republic is in the Caribbean, and our climate is very HOT. Yellow symbolizes this heat and it is also shows the vibrant attitude of the Dominicans. We see these colors a lot in the distressed neighborhoods, they use it to make it a happier, homier place. Purple and turquois are used a lot in paintings. We see paintings with these color palettes in all of the homes in the Dominican Republic. It is a great tradition, and these paintings are passed down to other generations.
J!A!P!A!N!
Studentâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s!last!name!
COLOR%% pale5e!
ORENJI or ORANGE
AKA or RED
MURASAKI or PURPLE
KIIRO or YELLOW
AO or BLUE
[symbolism!and!meanings]!
Symbolizes greater knowledge
Symbolizes greater propriety
Symbolizes greater value
Symbolizes greater sincerity
Symbolizes greater benevolence
The traditional colors of Japan are a collection of colors traditionally used in Japanese literature, textiles such as kimono, and other Japanese arts and crafts. In Japanese history certain colors were forbidden and were strictly for the robes of the highest ranking people, such as orange. Other colors were permitted for use by the common people. Drawing inspiration from nature and historical texts, Japanese color symbolism helps others identify the emotional state or desires of those wearing certain colors.
Axel Oswith and Amanda Kusai GRAPHICS
14
CONCLUSION
COLOR THEORY course was a great guide in learning about the meaning and use of color in different cultures, backgrounds and designated spaces. This course gave us the opportunity not only to understand color in a theoretical way but also in practice. The assignments helped us visualize the ideas which was a great way to understand the concepts in depth, such as taking pictures of our findings or watching a film that we can see differently and tap into itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s psychological effect it has on its viewers.