ZERO AND FIRST CONDITIONAL
Name: Jeniffer Huera Level: 95 “B”
FIRST CONDITIONAL We use the first conditional to talk about a possible future situation and the result of that situation:
(Possible future situation) If the weather is good at the weekend, (result) we will to the park. (Possible future situation) If I get good grade, (result) I will be very happy There are two clauses in a conditional sentence: the if clause and the main clause. The if clause can go before or after the main clause. Examples: - If I pass my exams, I will get into university If clause
main clause
- I will into university if I pass my exams Main clause
if clause
To talk about a possible future situation, use the present simple in the if clause. Tip: Never use will/ might in an If clause
To talk about the result of the situation, use a suitable future form, e.g. will, might, be going to, present continuous. The first conditional expresses a possible condition and its likely outcome in the future. It can be used to express different functions, those that obviously need the prostheses, to be followed by the apodosis, or vice versa. It is formed with if + simple present + simple future. It is employed when a situation is real or possible: If it rains today, I will stay at home. Examples: - If we start to walk, the bus will come. (Si comenzamos a caminar, El autobús vendrá.) - If you tell her the truth, she will be very happy. (Si le dices a ella la verdad, ella estará muy feliz.) - If I miss the bus, I will get a taxi. (Si pierdo el autobús, tomaré un taxi.) - If you do not study, you will fail the test. (Si tú no estudias, reprobarás la prueba.) - If he tells the truth, they will forgive him.
(Si
dice
perdonarán.)
la
verdad,
lo
For negative forms, the important thing is to deny the possible results with the modal verb corresponding to the sentence you want to create and the emphasis you want to achieve. Examples: If we start to walk, they will not come. (Si comenzamos a caminar, ellos no vendrán.) - If she misses the train, you will not see her. (Si ella pierde el tren, tú no la verás.) - If you study hard, you will not fail the test. (Si
tú
estudias
arduamente,
no
reprobarás la prueba.) - If the weather is bad, we will not come and see you, the next month. (Si el clima está malo, No vendremos a verte el próximo mes.)
The abbreviated form of the modal verb "will" in denial, can be "won't" or keep without abbreviating the auxiliary with the negative particle "will not". As for the interrogative forms, these are divided into wh questions and short questions, the well-known "wh question" or "yes/no question", as noted below, with their respective possible answers.
Examples: - If the weather is bad, What day will you come? (Si el clima está malo, que día vendrás?) - If you study hard, when will you give the test. Si tú estudias arduamente, cuándo darás la prueba?) - If she misses the train, when will you see her again? (Si ella pierde el tren, Cuándo volverás a verla de Nuevo?) Remember when you talk about Wh questions. Some of them are: When (cuándo), What (qué/ cuál), Who (quién), How (cómo), How old (qué edad), how far (cuán lejos), how much (cuánto cuesta), among others. To answer these kinds of questions, we must build a sentence based on the questioning of Wh posed. Short questioning form (YES/NO questions) The structure is as follows:
Will + base form? will + verbo en infinitivo? Examples: -If there is a hotel, will you stay there? ¿Si hay un hotel, te quedarás allí? Yes, answer No answer. -Yes, I will /
No, I will not.
- If you find tickets, will you buy them? (¿Si encuentras boletos, los comprarás?)
Yes, answer No answer. Yes, he/she/it will. No, he/she/it will not - If she does not find my wallet, will you let me know? (ÂżSi ella no encuentra mi billetera, me dejarĂĄs saber? Yes, answer No answer. -Yes, you/they/we will. No, you/they/we will not Tip: In both oral and written formal language, it is not recommended to use the abbreviation "won't", for negative responses, as they do not sound polite, so the modal used should be separated from the negative particle. As in the interrogative form with WH, short questions, or "Yes/No Questions", change position, to use the conditioning clause at the end of the sentence. Waiting for a response according to the modal verb used. Although in informal English spoken, they can vary the answers.
Zero conditional We use the Zero conditional to talk about things or to express ideas that are generally or always true. They represent situations that are unchanging.
Because
of
their
unchanging
truth
value,
these
conditional
sentences
normally
take a present simple tense in both parts of the sentence. They are especially frequent in scientific writing since Science is concerned with absolute relationships. Example: If you mix oil with water, it floats.
This kind of sentences has two parts: Part A: is the situation or condition (the If clause). Part B: is the result or consequence (the result clause). You must write a comma (,) between the two parts of the sentence when you begin with If. Use the present simple tense in both clauses. Example:
-If you put water in the freezer, it becomes ice. These sentences are based on habits and are frequent in conversations. Example: -If I wash the dishes, my daughter dries them. It is possible to substitute When or Whenever for If and still express the same idea: Example: When (whenever) I wash the dishes, my daughter dries them. When (whenever) you boil water, it vaporizes. Zero conditional sentences express no condition; these are sentences that are always true. They refer to “forever�. Example: -If you add two plus two, you get four.
Description of the elements of the zero conditional sentences.
Example: -If you put water in the freezer, it becomes ice.
How to form the zero conditional sentences: Part A, the If clause: If you put water in the freezer. Part B, the result clause: It becomes ice. Part A: The if clause If + you + put + water in the freezer. If + subject + verb in present simple + complement Part B: The result clause it + becomes + ice. Subject + verb in present simple + complement
You can substitute the word when for the word if in many sentences and it will mean the same. -When you heat oil, it starts to smoke. -When you read books, you learn things.
Occasionally we use the past simple in both the if clause and the main clause as shown in the following examples: -If Peter was at home, he did not answer the phone. (When we make assumptions) -If ever I was bored, I hung around with my mates. (When we talk about the way things used to be in the past)
As a rule, we do not teach zero conditionals. Our non-native learners seem to pick this up as they go along as it is not a structure, we use very much.