architecture portfolio 2012-2014
JAX TAN
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CONTACT
mobile - +65 9321 0124 email - jaeaxe.jiaxin@gmail.com
JAX TAN PORTFOLIO SKILLS AUTOCAD, REVIT (BIM), SKETCHUP, RHINO 3D, VRAY RHINO, 3D STUDIO MAX ADOBE PHOTOSHOP / ILLUSTRATOR / INDESIGN, MICROSOFT OFFICE SUITE ECOTECT, RADIANCE, ENERGY PLUS
LANGUAGE PROFICIENCY SPOKEN/WRITTEN ENGLISH SPOKEN/WRITTEN CHINESE
EXPERIENCE 2012/13 PAPERSPACE PUBLICATIONS DIRECTOR THE ARCHITECTURE SOCIETY 2012 RESEARCH ASSISTANT FUTURE CITIES LABORATORY 2011/12 CONTRIBUTING WRITER FIVEFOOTWAY DIGITAL MAGAZINE 2011 EDITORIAL ASSISTANT CUBES MAGAZINE SINGAPORE 2011 HEAD COSTUME DESIGNER RAG & FLAG NUS ARCHITECTURE TEAM 2009 FASHION DESIGN INTERN CAYEN PTE LTD
EDUCATION
2013/14 MASTERS OF ARCHITECTURE (SPECIALISATION IN DESIGN, TECHNOLOGY AND SUSTAINABILITY) NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE 2009 - 2013 BACHELOR OF ARTS (ARCHITECTURE) NATIONAL UNIVERSITY OF SINGAPORE FALL/WINTER 2012 BACHELOR OF ARTS (ARCHITECTURE) - STUDENT EXCHANGE PROGRAMME UNIVERSITY OF ARIZONA 2007 - 2009 GCE ‘A’ LEVELS NANYANG JUNIOR COLLEGE 2003 - 2006 GCE ‘ O’ LEVELS ST. MARGARETS’ SECONDARY SCHOOL 1997 - 2002 PSLE AI TONG SCHOOL
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2013/14 ON TRACK: RECLAIMING RECREATIONAL SPACE FROM BISHAN TRAIN DEPOT 2013 THE BREATHING ORGANISM: ARCHITECTURE AS THE EXPERIENCE OF ELASTICITY, MOVEMENT, LIGHT AND SHADOW 2012 MU : MITIGATING THE HEAT - LIVING IN A +2 DEGREE CELSIUS SCENARIO 3
year project
CONTENTS
YEAR 5 SEMESTER 1 & 2 AY 2013/14 AR 5104 FINAL DESIGN PROJECT 4
ON TRACK: RECLAIMING RECREATIONAL SPACE FROM BISHAN DEPOT Train Museum and Park Masterplan over Existing Bishan Train Depot. Tutor: Assoc Professor Joseph Lim
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This thesis is a critique to the priviledged allocation of huge land parcels to infrastructural facilities in Singapore and the resultant urban fragmentation from its surrounding urban contexts. In land starved Singapore, the dedication of large land area for mono-functional programs like train depots signals to an inefficient approach to land use. Furthermore, the existing strategy in planning for tight security and exclusivity required of these depots have led to the emergence of �lost spaces�1, or inadequately used spaces. As a result, while these depots occupy huge land area in any highly urbanised settings, the rigid nature of their programmes have conventionally disregarded urban engagement. The current strategy of the exclusive and fenced off train depots undermines the importance of rail-based mass-rapid transit (MRT) as an arterial system for the city, at the same time points to the potential of the depot as a major urban node. This thesis explores the negotiation between such a land intensive transport facility and its urban environment, imagining the re-establishment of urban engagement at such a site, as an overall opportunity to intensifying mono-functional programs in land constrained Singapore. The programmatic proposal of a train museum park built on top of the depot forms a response to the critique of the exclusive use of precious land for the current mono-functional land allocation, by relating to the existing train depot and compliments the potential of the given site conditions – Bishan Park, Kallang River and Kallang Park Connector. The main spaces are the train museum and a Bishan park extension.
Roger Trancik, Finding Lost Space: Theories of Urban Design (New York: Van Nostrand Reinhold, 1986) 1
LAYOUT AND MASSING STRATEGIES Maintenance andMaintainance cleaning sheds
and Cleaning Sheds
Restructuring
Restructuring and maximising roof and maximising coverage over these areas
roof coverage over these areas
Establishing urban connections
Establishing urban connections
Areas of interest depot Areas of interestwithin within depot for public for public
Museum as Museum as connection between view connection decks between view decks
Reducing room depth
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Lightwells to increase light into space Reducing Reducing and reducing room depth
room room depth depth
Combining Breaking the form of the museum into a Combining landscaped object landscape landscape and and architecture architecture
Skylights
Skylights
Galleries &Galleries administrative & programs
Administrative
Loading &
Tracks for loading and unloading train exhibits Unloading train
exhibits
PLANNING AND SPATIAL LAYOUT
Sports Strip Sports
Strip
Sports Strip
Tree Strip Tree Tree Strip
Strip
Canal Strip
Canal Strip
Water Harvesting
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Water Harvesting Water Harvesting
MuseumMuseum Strip Museum
Wheel Wheel Strip Wheel
Strip Strip
Strip Strip
MASTERPLAN
1-3500 SCALE
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MUSEUM PLANS
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11 TRAIN EVOLUTION HISTORY HALL 12 ENTRANCE INTO CLEANING VIEW DECK 13 KID’S PLAYROOM & LEARNING SPACE 14 ENTRANCE INTO TRAIN OVERHAUL & MAINTENANCE VIEW DECKS
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15 TRAIN MUSEUM EXIT
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10 6 RARE VINTAGE TRAIN CABINS 7 RAILWAY HISTORY ROOM 8 RAILWAY RELICS ROOM 9 SINGAPORE TRAIN DIORAMA 10 TRAIN DRIVING SIMULATORS 11 EXIT TO ROOF PARK LEVEL
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3 5 1 MUSEUM TICKETING 2 ENTRANCE INTO MUSEUM
16 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 1
3 MAIN FEATURE GALLERY AND EXHIBITING HALL
17 ADMINISTRATIVE OFFICE 2
4 RAILWAY SYSTEM LEARNING ZONE
18 CLASS ROOM 1 19 CLASS ROOM 2
5 ENTRANCE INTO CLEANING VIEW DECKS 16
20 AUDITORIUM 17 18 19
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STRUCTURAL DESIGN FOR LONG-SPAN ROOFSCAPES
OVERALL CONSTRUCTION OF PARK DIAGRAM
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View Decks: Lightweight green roof supported by RC Slab on steel truss frame
View Decks lightweight green roof supported by RC slab and steel truss plates
Roof Intensive green roof supported by RC slab
Metal Decking
Roof: Intensive green roof supported by RC Slab
Metal Decking
Composite System: Space Truss
Composite Structure System Space Truss
Complete Restructuring Columns that can take greater loads replace existing structural columns to support new loads of park and museum New Structure Available site areas on depot where new structure can be placed Y-columns following the structural grid is perpetuated by existing column grid. Straight column members surround the perimeter of existing depot buildings to support where new columns can’t be placed. Unbuildable Areas Due to existing rail paths and depot programme related buildings that cannot be disturbed.
Complete Restructuring Stronger columns replace existing structural elements to take new load of park and museum New Structure Available site areas on depot where new structure can be placed. Y-columns following the structural grid perpetuated by existing column grid. Straight column members surround the perimeter of existing depot buildings. Unbuildable areas Due to existing rail paths and depot programme related buildings.
STRUCTURAL DESIGN FROM ROOF TO MUSEUM 34 5
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1 continuous cleat 2 sheet metal ‘gravel stop’ in roof cement 3 fasterners 4 membrane stripping 5 roofing membrane 6 drain 7 insulation 8 vapour barrier 9 structural deck 10 primary beam: one way truss frame 11 secondary beam: typical steel square section 12 galvanised steel plate t=0.6mm 13 proprietary curtain walling system 14 double glazed translucent glass 15 plasterboard 16 100mm insulation mechanically fixed 17 anodised aluminium cavity capping 18 anodised alumnium fixed louvres 19 powder coated steel gutter 20 galvanised steel mullion support bracket 21 40mm polycarbonate cladding 22 cladding transoms - anodised alumnium 23 gypsum board 24 engineered soil plantings 25 filter fabric 26 reservoir layer 27 moisture retention layer 28 aeration layer 29 thermal insulation 30 drainage layer 31 root barrier 32 protection course 33 waterproofing membrane 34 concrete floor with primer 35 steel corrugated decking 36 space truss floor system 37 steel rectangular section Y-columns 38 drilled cassions foundation system
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continuous cleat sheet metal “gravel stop” set in roof cement fasterners membrane stripping roofing membrane drain insulation vapour barrier structural deck primary beam: one-way truss frame secondary beam: typical square section galvanised steel plate t=0.6mm Proprietary curtain walling system double glazed translucent glass plasterboard 100mm insulation mechanically fixed anodised aluminium cavity capping anodised aluminium fixed louvres powder coated steel gutter galvanised steel mullion support bracket 40mm polycarbonate cladding Cladding transoms - anodised aluminium gypsum board
Detail Drawing 14
DRAWINGS
Section 1
Section 2
Section 3
Site Plan
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DRAWINGS Key Section 1
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Key section showing intensification of air space over train depot, cutting through view decks 1, 2, and 3. On Track: Reclaiming air-rights of huge depot land plot for recreational and educational activities; allowing visual connection between original context as depot and new imposed park-scape.
DRAWINGS Key Section 1
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View Deck 1: Visitors watch as trains are overhauled in Bishan Depot
View Deck 2: Visitors watch as train parts undergo cleaning and maintenance
View Deck 3: Visitors watch as trains go through cleaning and inspection
DRAWINGS
Key section cutting through train museum and view deck 4. Above the depot: Educational train museum coexists above train depot and maintenance. Design of train museum is expressed in its roofscape, where ramping along its periphery reduce the monolithic scale of the train museum. Semi-translucent polycarbonate is used as the facade as a secondary means to express visual lightness of the train museum as an architectural object occupying air space.
Viewdeck 4 allows visitors a peek of the stabling yard, where trains are parked and cleaned throughly inside and out.
Section 2
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DRAWINGS
Key section cutting through train museum and view deck 4, showing how the belly of the train museum is raised to allow movement across the two sides of the parkscape. A central lightwell brings light into the belly of the train museum, where the ticketing and museum shop is placed, just before entering the main entrance into main exhibition hall.
Section 3
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DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Towards Museum Entrance Entering through beneath the raised belly of the building.
Main Train Feature Hall with side entrance into view deck.
DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Vintage Train Exhibit Hall Inside the raised belly, where the central light well brings light into this hall, and the park level below.
Roofscape Exit onto the roofscape of the train museum into a private park, which can be used for private functions.
DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Historical Exhibit Hall Chronological exhibits on the history of train development
View Decks Exclusive access for museum visitors into the workings of Bishan Depot.
DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Parkscape and Roofscape Ramps run along the periphery of the train museum and offer an aerial view to the park scape.
View Above View Decks Non paying visitors to the park get a glimpse of the depot below, but not as up close and personal as those who pay to enter into the museum and explore the view decks.
DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Wheel Strip Features Singapore’s longest skate park
F&B Distributed across the site, the park also has several locations for vendors.
DRAWINGS Serial Vision
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Inifinity Green/Auditorium Rock star’s view of the air-rights park overlooking onto Bishan Park.
Canal Strip Remote control cars and boats enthusiates will find a use for this raised deck which overlooks the existing canal. On dry days the canal may be used for remote control car competitions; on wet days they may find use for remote controller boats.
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YEAR 4 SEMESTER 2 AY 2012/13
AR 4104 Architectural & Technology Design 227
THE BREATHING ORGANISM: ARCHITECTURE AS THE EXPERIENCE OF ELASTICITY, MOVEMENT, LIGHT AND SHADOW Peristaltic Pavilion for Expo Milano 2015 Tutor: Assoc Professor Joseph Lim
EXPLORATIONS
MATERIAL: Air filled latex balloons INTENT: 1 Model continuous surface 2 Resist buckling 3 Resist bending 4 Resist torsion
OBSERVATION: Buckling occured at pin-joints in the balloon models where balloons were twisted to join from one to another. STRATEGY: To overcome the instability of a self supporting wall, entire surfaces were woven in opposite directions to resist toppling and buckling. Base cells were modified into larger ‘feet’
Studies on material 28
EXPLORATIONS Conceptualising a cell form29
Balloon model that was resolved to counter buckling, bending and torsion was further conceptualised into a 3-dimensional cell with interesting implication on cell function; Cells could now be modified to form seats.
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EXPLORATIONS Cell Iterations 30
d01
i01
d02
ITENT: 1 Three primary cells were multiplied to form a sample wall 2 Cells were studied in two states; i.e. deflated (d), and inflated (i) 3 Render of an instance at sun’s hightest point in the sky was simulated to observe shadow growth with inflation.
i02
d03
i03
CRITERIA: The best cell is picked based on 1 Structual logic 2 Detail logic (how cells connect from one to another) 3 Shadow logic (where inflation correspondingly allows for more shadow coverage)
best cell couple (d01 + i01, page left & center) was picked based primarily on structural and detail logic.
SIMULATION
ITENT: 1 D01 surface performance was analysed in two conditions, summer (top) and winter (bottom) 2 Illuminance on interior floor surface was simulated using Radiance rendering 3 5 visualisations were simulated (from left to right) a. true rendering of light conditions in space b. human sensitivity visualisation c. colour bands d. daylight factor e. false colour
Deflated cell solar simulation studies31
RESULTS: 1 In the summer solstice, illuminance on the envelope surface of 750 - 950 cd/m2 (orange and red bands) is reduced to a light level of 250-350 cd/m2 (green bands). This means the space is illuminated to a comfortable level of 250-350 lux, comparable to standard home lighting . In the winter solstice, illuminance on the envelope surface of 650-750 cd/m2 (orange and green bands) is reduced to a low light condition of 50-150 cd/m2 (green and blue bands). 2 Space is also sufficiently lit such that light but at some risk of thermal heat gains.
SIMULATION
ITENT: 1 I01 surface performance was analysed in two conditions, summer (top) and winter (bottom) 2 Illuminance on interior floor surface was simulated using Radiance rendering 3 5 visualisations were simulated (from left to right) a. true rendering of light conditions in space b. human sensitivity visualisation c. colour bands d. daylight factor e. false colour
Inflated cell solar simulation studies32
RESULTS: 1 In both the summer and winter solstice, illuminance on the envelope surface of 750 - 950 cd/m2 (orange and red bands) is reduced to an acceptable level of 50-150 cd/m2 (green bands). 2 Space is less brightly lit with minimal risk of thermal heat gains, however reliance on electric light is increased. DESIGN TAKEAWAY: 1 Cell inflation can mitigate entry of excess light into space, and so can be controlled to attain ideal lighting effect for purpose of dramatising spaces. Peristalsis of cells allows for climate modification within the space, as the cells move between deflation and inflation. 2 Shadow generated by cell has a unique character of varying degrees of opacity. Even more interesting is the possibility of witnessing the shadow transformations between inflation and deflation of the surface within the space.
SOLAR SIMULATION AND PERISTALSIS
8AM
12PM
10AM
2PM
Typical segment of the surface cells as the inflation of cell follows the direction devicesensored sun. In attaining rigidity through air pressure maintained in its convoluted cells, heat and light sensors can dynamically vary the air pressure to create ‘involuntary’ peristaltic waves over discrete parts of the envelope as the sun strikes its surface. Shadows transform along the time of day, shifting the intensity of its shade along the sun path. At night, coloured shadows patterns can be created with LED fixtures on the interior shining through the exterior skin of the pavilion.
4PM
6PM
OBSERVATIONS: Intensity of shadow coverage moves along the surface through time. Red box indicates maximal shadow intensity.
Cellular movement across time 33
CHOICE OF SITE
Site specific form generation34
1. sunpath across plot
Positioned at the end of the designated Children’s Park at the 1. sunpath plot Milan Expo, the pavilion anticipatesacross the excited arrival of its young visitors. The pavilion is sited at the Northern tip of the Expo Site surrounded by a waterway allowed into its interior as an oasis for visitors seeking respite from the heat. Formwise, the cells on the skin of the pavilion are positioned according to the sun path in Milan in order to maximize daylight exposure within the interior the pavilion form is an sunpath across plot asymmetric vault of1.varying curvature in plan and in section.
3. resultant surface
3. resultant surface
2 sunpath acrossand plotlowest sun p 2.1.using highest points in May-July to capture su sun for optimal shadow making p 1. sun path across plot potential 3. resultant surface 2. using highest and lowest sun points in May-July to capture sun for optimal shadow making potential 2. using highest and lowest sun points in May-July to capture sun for 3. resultant surface optimal shadow making potential
4 4. mapping cell to surface using G Grasshopper
4.3. mapping cell to surface using resultant surface Grasshopper
4. mapping cell to surface using Grasshopper
STRUCTURAL DIAGRAM & MATERIAL CHOICE
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The project attempts to break away from the known typologies of pneumatic structures which can be broadly classified as long span domical or vault forms or discrete beam and column elements kept stable with cable stays ( as in the Festo Y- shaped pneumatic columns). The pneumatic element is reduced into atypical cells which are interwoven to achieve stability in x, y, z-directions capable of resisting buckling tension, bending and torsion The structural envelope is conceived as layers of pneumatic cells with independent air chambers in varying degrees of distortion.
1.1 1.2
Where the cells forming the base of the pavilion need to have thicker reinforced walls as they are subject to the loads of the upper layers of cells and to visitor impact, these are made of opaque fibre – glass-reinforced nylon.
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STRUCTURAL LOAD DIAGRAM
MATERIAL OPACITY DIAGRAM 1.1 Transparent fibre-glass reinforced nylon (FRN)
MATERIAL PROPERTIES 1.1 Highly transparent for sensitivity to light rays. Highly flexible for movement due to peristalsis.
1.2 Opaque FRN
1.2 Opaque as not directly relative to climatic consideration, but still lightweight and flexible.
2 Multi-layer vinyl fabrics with independant air chamber layers.
2 Structurally most stable and hardy. Material is less flexible but highly durable
DRAWINGS
Pavilion anatomy 36
INTESTINE DETAIL continuous skin formed of welded interlocking parts.
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A
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E1
D
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A
E
E2
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CELL COMPONENTS welded seams between fibre-glass nylon cells.
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GULLET DETAIL interlocking cells for continuous structural integrity optimises cell flexibility and deformation for structural support buttress members.
DRAWINGS
ENTRANCE
The openings are formed as protected orifices with pouting outer lips. Openings may be constricted between distended cells in the event of rain or extreme heat. On the sides facing away from the sun, the openings may be maximised to release hot air from being trapped inside the pavilion during the hotter months of Milan.
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DRAWINGS
BENEATH THE SKIN The pavilion is a cool and wet climate, a respite from the hot summer weather. On the interior, buttresses form cushions for rest and relaxation, while LED fixtures accentuate the voluptous surfaces on the interior.
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DRAWINGS
CLIMBING THE GULLET The gullet is a sensual shadow play of soft bouncy surfaces. Depths of spaces created between cells are intriguing for the curious to explore.
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DRAWINGS
NIGHT VIEW At night the cells scatter light from LED fixtures creating coloured layered shadows to complement those formed during the day.
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DRAWINGS
Section perspective and detail drawing41
600mm square pebble tile 150mm reversible Nylon belt to fasten structural cells to floor water proofing layer
Bolt locking the Nylon fastener
100mm drainage pipe linking wading pool water to man-made river on site 300mm cast-in-situ concrete wading pool structure
Bolted steel plate for securing the Nylon fastener
wading pool and cladding detail
anchor detail
YEAR 4 SEMESTER 1 AY 2012/13 3
木 (森,‘mu cube’)
Mitigating the Heat - Living in a +2 Degree Celsius Scenario Tutor: Assistant Professor Dr. Abel Tablada de la Torre
AR 4103 Architectural & Technology Design 142
CONCEPT
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01_INTENT
01a_shadow space in typical skyscraper due to recession
01b_volumetric diagram of wasted space in skyscraper (10%)
01c_predicted increase in shadow space (40%)
01d_proposal of interjecting community into skyscraper with residential, community, and technological facilities towards self sustenance.
03a_wind convection across the site
03b_proposed demolition of Clifford Centre, the most inefficient building on site.
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02_CONCEPT
02a_context individualistic nature of existing skyscrapers in Raffles Place
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03_STRATEGIES
02b_bringing openness beyond ground level creating “ground� district levels at 20m intervals for communal use
03a_environmental context Wind brings cool air over the Singapore River into our site diagonal to the site is Ann Siang Hill, and the hill creates a wind convection in the site
03c_new altered wind convection through site
05a
02c_bringing community to the site implementing residential and mixed use commercial programs
02d_connection to surrounding skyscrapers we propose the breaking down of facade so that there is communal access to the district levels
05b
green residential
residential commercial
03a
03d_formal approach for linking surrounding buildings without compromising lighting conditions
CONCEPT 04_PROGRAM
04a_programmatic diagram 40% residential 40% public/community space 20% retail/ F&B businesses overall green on at least 35% built-up area
05_INNOVATIVE TECHNOLOGY 05a_reflecting collected light and channelling it through to storeys below.
06_SPATIAL TRANSITION|towards openness 06a_adopting the shophouse and its private, transition space into the community.
06b_zoom out| unit, community, district
07_COMMUNITY CONNECTION & OPENESS
07a
05b_low light vegetation
07a_axonometric form as skyscrapers joins together 07b_plan diagram voronoi connects skyscrapers to form an entire community
05c_venturi effect encouraged with natural sea breeze
07c_section diagram spill out of activity within building to outside of building
07b
07c
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DISTRICT PLANS
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20m district plan
Axonometric overview
40m district plan
60m district plan
0m ground plan
RESIDENTIAL PLANS
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typical housing level
ground level ARTIFICIAL PHOTOSYNTHESIS
1 sunlight collector
2 Nickel-Cobalt catalyst (reaction surface)
28m residential plan
3 CO2 absorbed O2 by-product
4 glucose & biofuel produced
24m residential plan
20m district “ground” plan
DRAWINGS
WATER 1 bio-retention ground transfer water to vertical truss pipes
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vertical wet-riser pipes distribute water to the reservoirs at ground level
LIGHT 3 wet-riser pipes distributes 1 sky collector with
rotational joints to follow sun movement.
water to vegetation in the case of droughts, and drains excess ground water in rainy season
2 variable length of
tube containing optic fibre transfers light into a fibre cable.
3 light from the optic
fibre tube is redistributed through a reflector.
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water can be used for consumption after it passes through reverse osmosis filter treatment and redistributed
Key Section 47
DRAWINGS
GROUND LEVEL The new structure makes the originally heated ground level now sheltered and comfortable for dwelling
Render 48
DRAWINGS
TYPICAL DISTRICT LEVEL The neighbourhood experience can be found on each of the districts, and only residents can identify the vibe that which makes it their home.
Render 49
DRAWINGS
ROOF LEVEL Community food growing and running track covers the roof top of the megastructure.
Render 50
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CONTACT
mobile - +65 9321 0124 email - jaeaxe.jiaxin@gmail.com
JAX TAN PORTFOLIO 2014