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EGACY

INSIDE

Focus on addiction recovery centers - 3 C’ville looks to make PD chief history - 4 Hampton Roads & human trafficking - 5 White House, religion and prison reform - 9

Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow.

WEDNESDAYS • May 30, 2018

Richmond & Hampton Roads

LEGACYNEWSPAPER.COM • FREE

For people of color, banks are shutting the door to owning homes

AARON GLANTZ & EMMANUEL MARTINEZ Fifty years after the federal Fair Housing Act banned racial discrimination in lending, African Americans and Latinos continue to be routinely denied conventional mortgage loans at rates far higher than their white counterparts.

This modern-day redlining persisted in 61 metro areas even when controlling for applicants’ income, loan amount and neighborhood, according to a mountain of Home Mortgage Disclosure Act records analyzed

by Reveal from The Center for Investigative Reporting.

The yearlong analysis, based on 31 million records, relied on techniques used by leading academics, the Federal Reserve and Department of Justice to identify lending disparities.

It found a pattern of troubling denials for people of color across the country, including in major metropolitan areas such as Atlanta, Detroit, Philadelphia, St. Louis and San Antonio. African Americans faced the most resistance in Southern cities – Mobile, Alabama; Greenville, North Carolina; and Gainesville, Florida – and Latinos in Iowa City, Iowa.

No matter their location, loan applicants told similar stories, describing an uphill battle with loan officers who they said seemed to be fishing for a reason to say no.

“I had a fair amount of savings and still had so much trouble just left and right,” said Rachelle Faroul, a 33-year-old black woman who was rejected twice by lenders when she tried to buy a brick row house close to Malcolm X Park in Philadelphia, where Reveal found African Americans were 2.7 times as likely as whites to be denied a conventional mortgage.

The analysis – independently reviewed and confirmed by The Associated Press – showed black applicants were turned away at significantly higher rates than whites in 48 cities, Latinos in 25, Asians in nine and Native Americans in three. In Washington, D.C., the nation’s capital, Reveal found all four groups were significantly more likely to be denied a home loan than whites.

“It’s not acceptable from the standpoint of what we want as a nation: to make sure that everyone shares in economic prosperity,” said Thomas Curry, who served as America’s top bank regulator, the comptroller of the currency, from 2012 until he stepped down in May.

Yet Curry’s agency was part of the problem, deeming 99 percent of banks satisfactory or outstanding based on inspections administered under the Community Reinvestment Act, a 40-year-old law designed to reverse rampant redlining. And the Justice Department has sued only a handful of financial institutions for failing to lend to people of color in the decade since the housing bust.

Curry argued that the law shares part of the blame; it needs to be updated and strengthened.

“The Community Reinvestment Act has aged a lot in 40 years,” he said.

Since Curry departed nine months ago, the Trump administration has gone the other way, weakening the standards banks must meet to pass a Community Reinvestment Act exam.

During President Donald Trump’s first year in office, the Justice Department did not sue a single lender for racial discrimination.

The disproportionate denials and limited anti-discrimination enforcement help explain why the homeownership gap between whites and African Americans, which had been shrinking since the 1970s, has exploded since the housing bust. It is now wider than it was during the Jim Crow era.

This gap has far-reaching consequences. In the United States,

“wealth and financial stability are inextricably linked to housing opportunity and homeownership,” said Lisa Rice, executive vice president of the National Fair Housing Alliance, an advocacy group.

“For a typical family, the largest share of their wealth emanates from homeownership and home equity.”

The latest figures from the U.S. Census Bureau show the median net worth for an African American family is $9,000, compared with $132,000 for a white family. Latino families did not fare much better at $12,000.

Lenders and their trade organizations do not dispute the fact that they turn away people of color at rates far greater than whites. But they maintain that the disparity can be explained by factors the industry has fought to keep hidden, including the prospective borrowers’ credit history and overall debt-to-income ratio. They singled out the threedigit credit score – which banks use to determine whether a borrower is likely to repay a loan – as especially important in lending decisions.

“While quite informative regarding the state of the lending market,” the records analyzed by Reveal

(continued on page 2)

The LEGACY

2 • May 30, 2018

(from page 1) do “not include sufficient data to make a determination regarding fair lending,” the Mortgage Bankers Association’s chief economist, Mike Fratantoni, said in a statement.

The American Bankers Association said the lack of federal enforcement proves discrimination is not rampant, and individual lenders told Reveal that they had hired outside auditing firms, which found they treated loan applicants fairly regardless of race.

“We are committed to fair lending and continually review our compliance programs to ensure that all loan applicants are receiving fair treatment,” Boston-based Santander Bank said in a statement.

New Jersey-based TD Bank, which denied a higher proportion of black and Latino applicants than any other major lender, said it “makes credit decisions based on each customer’s credit profile, not on factors such as race or ethnicity.”

Reveal’s analysis included all records publicly available under the Home Mortgage Disclosure Act, covering nearly every time an American tried to buy a home with a conventional mortgage in 2015 and 2016. It controlled for nine economic and social factors, including an applicant’s income, the amount of the loan, the ratio of the size of the loan to the applicant’s income and the type of lender, as well as the racial makeup and median income of the neighborhood where the person wanted to buy property.

Credit score was not included because that information is not publicly available. That’s because lenders have deflected attempts to force them to report that data to the government, arguing it would not be useful in identifying discrimination.

In an April policy paper, the American Bankers Association said reporting credit scores would be expensive and “cloud any focus” the disclosure law has in identifying discrimination. America’s largest bank, JPMorgan Chase & Co., has argued that the data should remain closed off even to academics, citing privacy concerns.

At the same time, studies have found proprietary credit score algorithms to have a discriminatory impact on borrowers of color.

The “decades-old credit scoring model” currently used “does not take into account consumer data on rent, utility, and cell phone bill payments,” Republican Sen. Tim Scott of South Carolina wrote in August, when he unveiled a bill to require the federal government to vet credit standards used for residential mortgages.

“This exclusion disproportionately hurts African-Americans, Latinos, and young people who are otherwise creditworthy.”

A case study: Philadelphia Philadelphia was one of the largest cities in America where African

Americans were disproportionately turned away when they tried to buy a home. About the same number of African Americans and nonHispanic whites live in the City of Brotherly Love, but the data showed whites received 10 times as many conventional mortgage loans in 2015 and 2016.

Banks also focused on serving the white parts of town, placing nearly three-quarters of their branches in white-majority neighborhoods.

Reveal’s analysis also showed that the greater the number of African Americans or Latinos in a neighborhood, the more likely a loan application would be denied there – even after accounting for income and other factors.

When Faroul applied for a loan in April 2016, she thought she was an ideal candidate. She holds a degree from Northwestern University, had a good credit score and estimates she was making $60,000 a year while teaching computer programming as a contractor for Rutgers University.

Still, her initial loan application was denied by Philadelphia Mortgage Advisors, an independent broker that made nearly 90 percent of its loans to whites in 2015 and 2016.

“I’m sorry,” broker Angela Tobin wrote to Faroul in an email. Faroul’s contract income wasn’t consistent enough, she said. So Faroul got a full-time job at the University of Pennsylvania managing a milliondollar grant.

But that still wasn’t enough. When she tried again a year later, this time at Santander Bank, a Spanish firm with U.S. headquarters in Boston, the process dragged on for months.

Her loan officer kept asking for new information, she said – or sometimes the same information again.

By this time, Faroul had been trying to get a mortgage for over a year, and the process itself was damaging her credit. Every time a lender pulls a hard inquiry on a credit report, the score goes down to guard against people who are trying to take on a lot of debt.

“They had done so many hard pulls that my credit score had dropped to 635,” she said.

Then, an unpaid $284 electric bill appeared on Faroul’s credit report. It was for an apartment she didn’t live in anymore. She paid the bill right away, but the bank said it couldn’t move forward.

Civil rights groups and real estate professionals said Faroul’s experience follows a familiar pattern of discrimination by banks and mortgage lenders that has kept people of color from building wealth.

“It’s one thing after another. It’s like pulling layers off an onion,” said Arlene Wayns-Thomas, president of the Philadelphia chapter of the National Association of Real Estate Brokers, which represents African American real estate professionals.

Wayns-Thomas, who has been

selling real estate for 30 years, said her black clients are treated differently by lenders.

“They may not like what happened between the last time you were working on this particular job to this one. They may see there was a gap,” she said. “I have seen situations where they’ve asked people for the children’s birth records.”

“The things that happen behind the scenes is what’s disturbing,” she said.

A change of tune from lenders For Faroul, things suddenly took a turn for the better after her partner, Hanako Franz, agreed to sign on to her loan application. At the time, Franz – who is half white, half Japanese – was working part time for a grocery store. Her most recent pay stub showed she was making $144.65 every two weeks. Faroul was paying for her health insurance.

The loan officer had “completely stopped answering Rachelle’s phone calls, just ignored all of them,” said Franz, 32. “And then I called, and he answered almost immediately. And is so friendly.”

A few weeks later, the couple got the loan from Santander and bought a three-bedroom fixer-upper. But Faroul remains bitter.

“It was humiliating,” she said. “I was made to feel like nothing that I was contributing was of value, like I didn’t matter.”

Contacted by Reveal, the lenders defended their records. Tobin, who turned down Faroul on her first application, said race played no role in the rejection.

“That’s not what happened,” she said and abruptly hung up. A statement followed from Philadelphia Mortgage Advisors’ chief operating officer, Jill Quinn.

“We treat every applicant equally,” the statement said, “and promote homeownership throughout our entire lending area.”

Faroul’s loan officer at Santander, Dennis McNichol, referred Reveal to the company’s public affairs wing, which issued a statement: “While we are sympathetic with her situation, … we are confident that the loan application was managed fairly.”

Reveal’s analysis of lending data shows that nationally, Santander turned away African American homebuyers at nearly three times the rate of white ones. The company did not address that disparity in its statement but said it was more likely to grant a loan application from an African American borrower than five of its competitors.

Redlining history repeating Lending patterns in Philadelphia today resemble redlining maps drawn across the country by government officials in the 1930s, when lending discrimination was legal.

Back then, surveyors with the federal Home Owners’ Loan Corporation drew lines on maps and colored some neighborhoods red,

deeming them “hazardous” for bank lending. Leading causes of risk, according to government officials, included the presence of African Americans or immigrants.

This practice has been outlawed for half a century. And for the last 40 years, banks have had a legal obligation under the Community Reinvestment Act to solicit clients – borrowers and depositors – from all segments of their communities.

But in many places, the law hasn’t made much difference. When you combine home purchase loans, refinancing and home equity lines of credit, banks were more likely to deny a conventional loan application than grant it in more than 40 percent of Philadelphia. People of color were the majority in nearly all those neighborhoods.

“You’re killing us here,” said Cindy Bass, a member of the Philadelphia City Council, who worked for a mortgage company before entering politics. The data shows banks have frozen out borrowers in much of her district – including Nicetown, a North Philadelphia neighborhood where boarded-up row houses dot the landscape.

“We need dollars. We need investment,” Bass said, “like every neighborhood needs investment.”

Nicetown is among the neighborhoods redlined in the 1930s.

In his assessment, government surveyor W.R. Hutzel said the hazardous neighborhood had some positives, including “new industry – good transportation” and a high school. On the other hand, he wrote, it had a “heavy concentration of negro.”

Today, the economic recovery largely has bypassed Nicetown.

Blight is a major concern. Some of the vacant homes, empty for years, have attracted squatters.

Although it’s just a few blocks from Temple University Hospital, banks and mortgage brokers largely stay away. Lenders have been particularly stingy when it comes to home improvement loans. From 2012 to 2016, they made 67 home improvement loans here and denied 315.

“It creates this cycle where properties fall into dilapidation for a long period of time,” said contractor Eric Marsh Sr., 48, whose family has lived in Nicetown for three generations.

Marsh started his own construction business “because I saw dilapidation and empty houses,” he said, and wanted to help. But because banks rarely lend here, there’s no capital to improve the neighborhood. So Marsh gets most of his jobs in more affluent sections near the center of town.

“I was wondering why people weren’t purchasing these houses or renovating them,” he said. “As I’ve gotten older and talked to people, I’ve found out that a big part of it is the lack of lending in neighborhoods like this.”

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

May 30, 2018 • 3

Kaine visits Va. drug addiction recovery programs

need to have good standards for them and try to increase the number,” he said.

Smith expects to be released soon.

She feels confident she won’t land back in jail now that she has the experience of HARP. “This time, I just know it’s different,” said Smith.

Kaine also recently visited with formerly incarcerated women at

the Friends of Guest House in Alexandria, a program that helps women successfully reenter the community after jail.

Officials say since 1974, Friends of Guest House has helped more than 3,000 women break the cycle of incarceration, reunite with their families, and reintegrate into their communities.

NOTICE TO THE PUBLIC OF AN APPLICATION BY VIRGINIA ELECTRIC AND POWER COMPANY D/B/A DOMINION ENERGY VIRGINIA FOR APPROVAL OF A RATE ADJUSTMENT CLAUSE PURSUANT TO § 56-585.1 A 4 OF THE CODE OF VIRGINIA CASE NO. PUR-2018-00066 •Dominion Energy Virginia (“Dominion”) has applied to update its Rider T1 by which it recovers certain transmission and demand response program costs.

•Dominion’s request represents an increase of $145.5 million annually, which would increase the bill of a typical residential customer using 1,000 kilowatt hours per month by $4.18.

•A Hearing Examiner appointed by the State Corporation Commission will hear the case on June 29, 2018.

FROM WIRE REPORTS Donna Smith’s battle with drugs began before she was a teenager.

“I actually started my addiction when I was 12 years old.

I was using heroin at 12,” said Smith.

She’s spent the last decade in and out of jails and institutions.

“Never once did we have an NA meeting, have anyone tell us what an addict was or about the disease,” she said. “So when I got out, I immediately went back to the lifestyle that I was living.”

But Smith, now 30, has been in the Heroin Addiction Recovery Program (HARP) for about a month at the Chesterfield County Jail.

“I have been to several programs in the last year and a half that I’ve been incarcerated and I've gotten more out of this program in the last month,” said Smith.

Sheriff Karl Leonard launched HARP two years ago when he realized he was releasing sober addicts who didn’t have the tools to fight addictions on their own.

He said his program focuses on trauma-initiated addictions.

So far, 585 people have entered the popular program.

Recently, Sen. Tim Kaine (D-Virginia) toured the jail to see how it works.

Kaine, whocserves on the Health, Education, Labor, and Pensions (HELP) Committee, said he needs

to hear from the very people his decisions impact.

“I need to hear from them about

•Further information about this case is available on the SCC website at: http://www.scc.virginia.gov/case.

On May 4, 2018, Virginia Electric and Power Company d/b/a Dominion Energy Virginia (“Dominion” or “Company”), pursuant to § 56 585.1 A 4 (“Subsection A 4”) of the Code of Virginia, filed an application (“Application”) with the State Corporation Commission (“Commission”) for approval of a rate adjustment clause designated as Rider T1.

In this proceeding, Dominion seeks approval of a revenue requirement for the rate year September 1, 2018, through August 31, 2019 (“Rate Year”). This revenue requirement, if approved, would be recovered through a combination of base rates and a revised increment/decrement Rider T1. Rider T1 is designed to recover the increment/decrement between the revenues produced from the transmission component of base rates and the new revenue requirement developed from the Company’s total transmission costs for the Rate Year.

The total revenue requirement to be recovered over the Rate Year is $755,467,647, comprising an increment Rider T1 of $286,983,645 and forecast collections of $468,484,002 through the transmission component of base rates. This total revenue requirement represents an increase of $145,534,342 compared to the revenues projected to be produced during the Rate Year by the combination of the base rate component of Subsection A 4 (the Company’s former Rider T) and the Rider T1 rates currently in effect. References in this notice to “transmission” are inclusive of demand response costs identified in Subsection A 4.

Implementation of the proposed Rider T1 on September 1, 2018, would increase the average weighted monthly bill of a residential customer using 1,000 kilowatt-hours per month by $4.18.

how they got into addiction. I need to hear about why when they’ve been in prison or jail before there haven’t been programs for them and I need to hear why this program works when nothing else worked before,” he said.

But many in HARP said they wish they didn’t have to get locked up to get access to support.

“Again and again what I heard here is, why isn’t there a program like this in the community before you get arrested? That’s a powerful challenge,” said Kaine. “That’s what we need to go back and find.”

Kaine is working on passing a bipartisan opioid bill. It’s made it out of his committee, but still needs to go through the full Senate, the House and get the president’s signature.

“I don’t think that will be a problem because President Trump has said he wants us to get this bill to him,” said Kaine.

Kaine’s portion of the bill focuses on recovery houses. “[That’s] a really good model for helping people find recovery. We don’t have enough of them. We don’t even know how many we have. We

The Commission entered an Order for Notice and Hearing that, among other things, scheduled a public hearing on June 29, 2018, at 10 a.m., in the Commission’s second floor courtroom located in the Tyler Building, 1300 East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, to receive testimony from members of the public and evidence related to the Application from the Company, any respondents, and the Commission’s Staff. Any person desiring to testify as a public witness at this hearing should appear in the Commission’s courtroom fifteen (15) minutes prior to the starting time of the hearing and contact the Commission’s Bailiff.

The Company’s Application and the Commission’s Order for Notice and Hearing are available for public inspection during regular business hours at each of the Company’s business offices in the Commonwealth of Virginia. Copies also may be obtained by submitting a written request to counsel for the Company, Lisa S. Booth, Esquire, Dominion Resources Services, Inc., 120 Tredegar Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219. If acceptable to the requesting party, the Company may provide the documents by electronic means.

Copies of the public version of all documents filed in this case also are available for interested persons to review in the Commission’s Document Control Center, located on the first floor of the Tyler Building, 1300 East Main Street, Richmond, Virginia 23219, between the hours of 8:15 a.m. and 5 p.m., Monday through Friday, excluding holidays. Interested persons also may download unofficial copies from the Commission’s website: http://www.scc.virginia.gov/case.

Any person or entity may participate as a respondent in this proceeding by filing a notice of participation on or before June 13, 2018. If not filed electronically, an original and fifteen (15) copies of the notice of participation shall be submitted to Joel H. Peck, Clerk, State Corporation Commission, c/o Document Control Center, P.O. Box 2118, Richmond, Virginia 23218-2118. A copy of the notice of participation as a respondent also must be sent to counsel for the Company at the address set forth above. Pursuant to Rule 5 VAC 5-20-80 B, Participation as a respondent, of the Commission’s Rules of Practice and Procedure (“Rules of Practice”), any notice of participation shall set forth: (i) a precise statement of the interest of the respondent; (ii) a statement of the specific action sought to the extent then known; and (iii) the factual and legal basis for the action. Any organization, corporation, or government body participating as a respondent must be represented by counsel as required by Rule 5 VAC 5-20-30, Counsel, of the Rules of Practice. All filings shall refer to Case No. PUR-2018-00066.

On or before June 13, 2018, each respondent may file with the Clerk of the Commission and serve on the Commission’s Staff, the Company, and all other respondents, any testimony and exhibits by which the respondent expects to establish its case, and each witness’s testimony shall include a summary not to exceed one page. If not filed electronically, an original and fifteen (15) copies of such testimony and exhibits shall be submitted to the Clerk of the Commission at the address set forth above. Respondents also shall comply with the Commission’s Rules of Practice, including 5 VAC 5-20-140, Filing and service; and 5 VAC 5-20-240, Prepared testimony and exhibits. All filings shall refer to Case No. PUR-2018-00066.

On or before June 22, 2018, any interested person may file written comments on the Application with the Clerk of the Commission at the address set forth above. Interested persons desiring to file comments electronically may do so on or before June 22, 2018, by following the instructions on the Commission’s website: http://www.scc.virginia.gov/case. Compact disks or any other form of electronic storage medium may not be filed with the comments. All comments shall refer to Case No. PUR-2018-00066.

All documents filed with the Office of the Clerk of the Commission in this docket may use both sides of the paper. In all other respects, all filings shall comply fully with the requirements of 5 VAC 5-20-150, Copies and format, of the Commission’s Rules of Practice.

The Commission’s Rules of Practice may be viewed at http://www.scc.virginia.gov/case. A printed copy of the Commission’s Rules of Practice and an official copy of the Commission’s Order for Notice and Hearing in this proceeding may be obtained from the Clerk of the Commission at the address above.

VIRGINIA ELECTRIC AND POWER COMPANY d/b/a DOMINION ENERGY VIRGINIA

The LEGACY

4 • May 30, 2018

Several allegations against Charlottesville police chief pick were deemed unfounded CT - Following Charlottesville City Manager Maurice Jones’ recommendation of RaShall M. Brackney for Charlottesville police chief, more past controversies surrounding Brackney have come to light.

Jones recently made the recommendation and the City Council formally considered Brackney’s appointment at its nextmeeting.

Brackney, a retired 30-year veteran of the Pittsburgh Bureau of Police and the former chief of George Washington University’s police department, has been tapped to replace Al Thomas. Thomas, the city’s first black police chief, retired, effective immediately, in December following the release of an independent review of the handling of the Aug. 12 white supremacists’ rally.

Brackney, if hired, will be the first black woman to lead the Charlottesville Police Department. She was the top choice out of 169 applicants.

However, in addition to being sued, Brackney was the subject of a prosecutorial investigation, and a protective order against her once was requested.

Brackney was never found to be in the wrong in any of the allegations.

While serving as a police commander in Pittsburgh in 2007, Brackney was subject to an “extensive investigation” by Allegheny County District Attorney Stephen A. Zappala Jr. after she drove a friend away from the scene of a crash in her own vehicle.

According to the Pittsburgh PostGazette, the investigation was ended in 2009 after Zappala cited a lack of evidence needed to file criminal charges against Brackney.

In 2012, Andrew M. Lee, owner of Executive Cigars LLC in Pittsburgh, filed a protection-from-abuse order against Brackney and, according to the Post-Gazette, claimed they had been in a romantic relationship and that she had threatened to use her powers as a commander to destroy his business.

Brackney vehemently denied Lee’s claims. An Allegheny County judge dismissed the PFA order, citing a complete lack of evidence of a romantic relationship between the two.

During her time at George Washington University, Brackney

was accused of violating Title IX policies in a federal lawsuit in early 2017 after a prospective master’s student’s admission was rescinded following an alleged domestic dispute. According to court documents, the lawsuit was dismissed with prejudice in September, and each party was to pay its own costs and attorneys fees.

Following a change of guard at GWU, Brackney stepped down from her post after only two years on the job. The department’s deputy chief

Mayor Nikuyah Walker also resigned.

“Experts said the dual resignations could be an indication that new university leadership is dissatisfied with the direction and management of the department, especially with the arrival of a new university president last August,” the GW Hatchet reported in January.

The lawsuit did not play a role in Brackney leaving her post, she said recently.

In a Facebook live video last week, Charlottesville Mayor Nikuyah Walker answered a question about the lawsuit.

“There hasn’t been any lawsuit against her that’s pending, that’s founded or anything,” she said. “You could probably find a lawsuit against me.”

Walker later went on to say that she hopes Brackney actually does everything she said she would do in her interview.

“If I’m wrong about what I heard her say, her energy, I will tell you as soon as it becomes clear to me that I

RaShall M. Brackney was wrong,” Walker said.

Jones said Brackney was forthcoming about the allegations against her in Pittsburgh and how nothing had come of them.

“She was cleared of any wrongdoing and the allegations were deemed to be unfounded by a judge and by her department,” he said. “It’s obvious by the many awards and recognition she received after she was cleared that the people of Pittsburgh were not fazed by those unfounded allegations.”

Brackney could not be reached for comment for this story.

Jones provided a list of those who sat on the community panel that helped to decide the selection for police chief.

The members of the 14-person panel were: » Janette Boyd-Martin, president of the Albemarle-Charlottesville NAACP; » Martin Burks, president of the Jefferson School Community

Partnership; » Joan Fenton, chairwoman of the Downtown Business Association of Charlottesville; » Don Gathers, an activist; » Michael Gibson, chief of the University of Virginia Police Department; » Mindy Goodall, executive director of the Charlottesville Police Foundation; » Brennan Gould, director of programs at the Charlottesville Area Community Foundation; » Mark Heisey, an activist; » Richard Hewitt, of Keswick Vineyards; » Julie Jones, executive director of Advancing Green Chemistry; » Carlos Marrone of Charlottesville’s Human Rights Commission; » Amy Morris, local probation officer; » Pat Smith, executive director of Offender Aid and Restoration/ Jefferson Area Community Corrections; and » Phil Sparks, interim president of the Charlottesville Regional Chamber of Commerce.

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

May 30, 2018 • 5

Billboards up on major highways across Hampton Roads to bring awareness to human trafficking The Hampton Roads Human Trafficking Task Force has launched a new awareness campaign across the Hampton Roads region, with billboards will be placed on major highways across the region encouraging victims or those with information about possible human trafficking to contact the National Human Trafficking Resource Center’s hotline. The billboards are estimated to make 2.5 million impressions while they are up.

Additionally, the campaign will include bilingual digital advertising which will run in the region.

In 2017, Virginia has had the 15th highest number of human trafficking cases referenced on the hotline, and experts believe human trafficking occurs in Virginia because of its location on the east coast, international air and sea ports, and large number of major interstates.

“Human trafficking robs its victims of their dignity, their identity, their freedom, and in a tragic number of cases, their childhood,” said Virginia Attorney General Mark Herring.

“Virginia has made great strides in combating this crime and my team and I have been proud to be a part of those efforts. By raising awareness about the existence and impact of human trafficking and promoting critical resources, we can help restore victims and seek justice against those who perpetrate

this dehumanizing crime. I want to thank our Hampton Roads Human Trafficking partners for their continued efforts to combat this heinous crime.”

Human trafficking is a $150 billion enterprise worldwide, and is widely considered one of the fastest growing criminal industries in the world. The United Nations’ International Labor Organization estimates that there are 20.9 million victims of human trafficking globally, with hundreds of thousands of victims here in the United States.

Hampton Roads billboard locations include: ** 3210 Bainbridge Blvd., near the intersection of Rosemont, Chesapeake; ** US 60, near the intersection of Elmhurst Street East, Newport News; ** 3601 Chestnut Ave., near the intersection of 36th Street, Newport News;

** 2720 Hampton Boulevard, near the intersection of 35th St., Norfolk; *** 2019 Granby St., near the intersection of 21st Street, Norfolk; ** 3001 Lafayette Blvd., near the intersection of Ballentine, Norfolk; ** 2561 Airline Blvd., near the intersection of Victory, Portsmouth; and ** 3307 George Washington Highway, Portsmouth.

“No one anticipated how prevalent the problem would be, we have opened three new shelters and served over 60 victims since the inception of the program 16 months ago,” said Robin Gautheir, Executive Director, Samaritan House.

“We know that awareness and outreach are two important tools

in identifying victims of human trafficking, and we hope this billboard campaign will encourage the public to report suspicious activity to us,” said Dewey Mann, supervisory special agent with U.S. Immigration and Customs Enforcement’s Homeland Security Investigations Norfolk. “One of the task force’s first successful investigations began with a tip to the National Human Trafficking Hotline.”

In November 2016, Herring announced a $1.45 million grant that would help fund the Hampton Roads Human Trafficking Task Force, which we then launched in January 2017. The Office of the Attorney General partnered with Homeland Security, Samaritan House, the US Attorney’s Office, Virginia State Police, and law enforcement agencies from Newport News, Hampton, Norfolk, Virginia Beach, Portsmouth and Chesapeake for the task force.

Since October 2016, just before the launch of the Hampton Roads Human Trafficking Task Force, there have been a total of 108 new trafficking investigations, 45 arrests, and 76 victims have been identified.

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6 • May 30, 2018

Op/Ed & Letters

The LEGACY

Roll back of anti-discriminatory auto lending guidance CHARLENE CROWELL Despite federal laws addressing discrimination in housing, credit, and more, President Donald Trump recently signed, a rollback of an antidiscrimination guidance affecting auto lending. The presidential signature also marked the first time that a policy that had been in effect for several years was reversed through a special, streamlined legislative process under the Congressional Review Act. The significance of this action will have national and rippling effects.

Nationwide, auto loans represent the third highest category of consumer debt – behind mortgages and student loans. With so many communities across the country lacking accessible, metropolitan public transit services, owning or having access to a reliable automobile is central to access jobs, health care, education and more.

According to the National Automobile Dealers Association, the sale of 17.14 million new cars in 2017 by franchised dealerships surpassed $1 trillion in sales. The Center for Responsible Lending (CRL) has also noted that 80 percent of vehicle loans are financed through dealers.

Further, as the number of auto loans grow, so does the average cost of a new car. According to Experian, one of the three major credit reporting bureaus, the average loan amount for a new car in late 2017 was $31,099 and came with an alltime high record monthly payment of $515. The comparable figure for an average used car payment of $371 came with an average loan of

The LEGACY NEWSPAPER Vol. 4 No. 22 Mailing Address 409 E. Main Street 4 Office Address 105 1/2 E. Clay St. Richmond, VA 23219 Call 804-644-1550 Online www.legacynewspaper.com

$19,589.

When racial discrimination is added to these already significant numbers, consumers of color wind up paying even more – due to the color of their skin, instead of the quality of their credit ratings.

Over the last few years, the Equal Credit Opportunity Act (ECOA) was the legal basis for lawsuits and settlements involving Ally Financial, Fifth Third Bank, and the financing arms of major auto manufacturers Honda and Toyota. This law makes it illegal to discriminate on race or other protected classes in credit transactions. In auto lending, indirect auto lenders – those who finance loans through dealers – are creditors who must uphold the law.

Thanks in part to the 2013 CFPB indirect auto lending guidance, consumers of color were awarded restitution totaling more than $140 million for alleged discrimination.

“Countless lawsuits have shown how people of color pay millions more for their car purchases, compared to similarly situated whites,” noted Delvin Davis, a CRL senior researcher. “Without a regulator that enforces fair lending standards, African-Americans and Latinos stand to bear the weight of discrimination without any relief.”

The presidential signing was made possible by both chambers of Congress turning to the Congressional Review Act. This law allows simple majority votes in the House and Senate to override regulation. Until now, this act had only been used to undo new regulation; this recent usage marks

The LEGACY welcomes all signed letters and all respectful opinions.

Letter writers and columnists opinions are their own and endorsements of their views by The LEGACY should be inferred. The LEGACY assumes no responsibility for unsolicited material.

Annual Subscription Rates Virginia - $50 U.S. states - $75 Outside U.S.- $100 The Virginia Legacy © 2016

the first time that a long-standing policy was the focus.

Mick Mulvaney, the illegally appointed acting CFPB director, said, “Given a recent Supreme Court decision distinguishing between antidiscrimination statutes that refer to the consequences of actions and those that refer only to the intent of the actor, and in light of the fact that the Bureau is required by statute to enforce federal consumer financial laws consistently, the bureau will be re-examining the requirements of the Equal Credit Opportunity Act.” Strong and opposing views quickly surfaced upon the President’s signing. Karl Frisch, executive director of Allied Progress, is one such consumer activist.

“President Trump can try to spin it any way he wants, but the bottom line is this – black and brown folks are systematically charged more for their car loans even when they have the same credit as whites," said Frisch. "This president has consistently shown us that consumers are not of any importance to him, particularly when they are people color.”

Research supports Frisch’s critique.

Discrimination in Auto Lending, authored and published earlier this year by the National Fair Housing Alliance (NFHA), found that despite federal laws banning credit discrimination by race or ethnicity, race remains a key factor in the cost of financing auto loans. Like secret shoppers, NFHA sent eight teams of testers to dealerships to inquire about purchasing the same vehicle.

Each team was told to ask the same questions and then report on their experiences.

Although all testers encountered challenges to securing information needed to secure the best auto loan available, non-white testers noted being treated disrespectfully and receiving a higher-cost quote for financing than the white testers.

Numerically, the sum of experiences found: 75 percent of the time, white testers were offered more financing options than non-white testers; 62.5 percent of the time, non-white testers who were more qualified than their white counterparts received more costly pricing options; and On average, non-white testers who experienced discrimination would have paid an average of $2,662.56 more over the life of the loan than less-qualified white testers.

For consumers everywhere, but particularly for consumers of color, Mulvaney’s harsh words signal that so many of the hard-fought battles to bring fairness and equality are at risk.

Prior to the House vote taken on May 8, Congresswoman Maxine Waters, the ranking member of the House Financial Services Committee warned her colleagues about the regressive effects that would occur if the measure was enacted.

“This resolution would set back efforts to prevent discriminatory auto lending, make it harder for responsible businesses to follow the law, and harm consumers,” said Waters.

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

May 30, 2018 • 7

P.T. Hoffsteader, Esq.

The Pottery Barn rule

If one in five American parents couldn’t figure out where their kids were, mostpeople would rightly see the phenomenon as a crisis and a national scandal. Grandstanding prosecutors with visions of gubernatorial campaigns dancing in their heads would conduct mass parental perp walks. Legislators would boost their presidential aspirations by co-sponsoring legislation requiring universal implantation of GPS trackers at birth.

But when the same U.S. government that postures as a better parent than real parents, crows over “extreme vetting” of immigrants, and announces separation of undocumented families as policy, loses track of 19 percent of unaccompanied refugee children placed in homes by the Office of Refugee resettlement, ORR is “not legally responsible.” So says Steven Wagner, acting assistant secretary for the Administration for Children and Families.

That’s par for the course when it comes to government and responsibility.

For example, if I find myself in fear of a police officer and shoot him, you can bet your bottom dollar I’ll be held “legally responsible”. But if that same police officer shoots me and then claims he was afraid because he thought my cell phone was a gun, the chances of any “legal responsibility”

attaching are slim. If he doesn’t just get a paid vacation (“administrative leave”) before being “cleared” as having “acted in accordance with department policy,” a court will likely find him not responsible under the theory of sovereign immunity (the idea that when a government employee is on the job, no personal liability attaches to that employee’s actions).

Even when a government official DOES “accept responsibility,” it usually reads as “OK, I’ve said I accept responsibility, now let’s forget about it and move on as if nothing happened, and don’t you dare mention it next time I'm up for promotion or re-election.”

In 2002, U.S. Secretary of State Colin Powell allegedly invoked “the Pottery Barn rule” -- “you break it, you bought it” -- by way of trying to get President George W. Bush to rethink the ill-fated invasion of Iraq.

Pottery Barn actually has no such rule, but when I was a kid a lot of stores sported signs saying exactly that.

Government doesn’t have such a rule either, but it should.

A government employee who loses track of 1,475 children placed in his charge needs to to be fired -- at least. An investigation of possible criminal negligence doesn’t seem unreasonable to me. Nor does a home visit by the area's Department of Children’s Services or equivalent to make sure his or her own kids haven’t gone missing.

Even better, we could stop handing over so much power to government on the silly supposition that government jobs magically make the people who hold them smarter, more competent, or more responsible than us regular folks.

Thomas L. Knapp

On Medicaid expansion

Today in Virginia, thousands of people working hard to make a better life for their families face a barrier to getting quality care because they don’t have health insurance. Make no mistake, this is a quality-of-life issue.

It is an economic issue.

When people are healthy they are productive and can contribute to society. When they are ill or injured, but unable to get treatment in the proper setting, their struggles can affect us all.

The cost of delaying necessary care and ending up in the hospital emergency room burdens the health-care system, the insurance sector, taxpayers, government, and businesses. For businesses and workers this means higher insurance costs. For hospitals, it means uncompensated care.

This is why many chambers of commerce, local governments, organizations, and stakeholders support finding a compromise plan to help as many as 300,000 low-income uninsured Virginians get health coverage.

Fmr. Lt. Gov Bill Bolling ***** Bringing our federal tax dollars back to Virginia saves real money.

General fund budget savings alone exceed $400 million because enhanced funding would free up millions in state spending now devoted to health care. Those freed millions can be invested in other priorities such as education and public safety.

What’s more, coverage expansion would yield net savings of about $100 million over the next four years.

Del. Preston Bryant *****

Requiring Virginia to start a program for recipients to pursue work or educational training, and also have an eye on treatment costs by contributing copayments, are also reasonable steps. And the commonwealth certainly must incorporate measures to protect against waste, fraud, and abuse.

Virginia has long been recognized as a great place to live and work.

That is in large part due to the efforts of a legislature that has focused on finding practical solutions to complicated problems.

Using federal tax dollars to expand Virginia’s Medicaid program can be done in a way that supports the private sector, spurs job creation, and creates opportunities for men, women, and children across the commonwealth.

These are priorities that members of both parties in Virginia’s General Assembly can and should champion.

Fmr. Va. Sen. John Watkins ***** National and state efforts aimed at addressing the opioid crisis bring much needed attention to this issue that plagues our region. As the Southwest Virginia Health Authority evaluated the proposed merger of our two regional health systems, the data confirmed the seriousness of the health challenges we face — from obesity to the need for improved pre-natal care. Too many Southwest Virginia families struggle for access to health care often out-of-reach due to cost. As a result, preventable health concerns often become serious problems causing employees to miss work and families to suffer even greater financial strain.

It is time to act.

Del. Terry Kilgore

8 • May 30, 2018

Faith & Religion

The LEGACY

How evangelicals teamed up with WH on prison reform EMILY McFARLAN MILLER

RNS — At a dinner last year with prominent evangelical Christians in the Blue Room of the White House, Ivanka Trump and her husband, Jared Kushner, invited their table mates to discuss the issues most important to them.

The Rev. Samuel Rodriguez, president of the National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference and one of President Trump’s informal evangelical advisers, remembered Kushner asking him, “What’s in your heart? What are your priorities?”

At the top of the pastor’s list was “bringing the nation together.”

Johnnie Moore. Photo courtesy of The Kairos Company “We could really do this, and we can do it way beyond the rhetoric. For example, let’s look at prison reform,” Rodriguez said.

Johnnie Moore, founder of The Kairos Co., a strategy firm, who recently was appointed to the U.S. Commission on International Religious Freedom, described it as an “incredibly enthusiastic conversation.”

“Sparks were flying all around the table, and then Jared had this idea,” Moore said. “He said — it was a brilliant idea, and this was the impetus, the beginning of things — ‘What if we got every church or synagogue to take responsibility for one prisoner re-entering society? You think that could work?’”

That dinner planted the seed of what would grow to become the proposed First Step Act, aimed at reducing the number of people who return to prison after serving time.

That bill overwhelmingly passed the U.S. House of Representatives earlier this week with not only bipartisan support from lawmakers, but also the support of a number of prominent evangelical Christians and institutions. And while the bill’s fate in the Senate is uncertain, the support it’s gotten from both sides of the aisle is already being counted as a major success on an issue that evangelicals have long tried to put their stamp on.

“There’s never been greater interest in America in criminal justice reform,” Craig DeRoche, senior vice president for advocacy and public policy at the evangelical organization Prison Fellowship, said in March after the White House announced its priorities for prison reform.

“We have a lot of hope. This administration is genuinely interested in second chances.”

Prison reform has been a signal issue for evangelicals since Charles Colson, a former aide to President Nixon, found his evangelical Christian faith while serving seven months in Maxwell

The Rev. Aundreia Alexander Prison in Alabama for Watergate-related crimes.

It was Colson, as White House special counsel, who had first framed Nixon’s “political template of being tough on crime and long sentences,” DeRoche said. Colson’s prison experiences produced a change of heart. “Within three years he was saying that model was in conflict with our values as Christians and as Americans and that it would lead to failure.”

Prison Fellowship, which Colson founded in 1976, is now the country’s largest, but hardly the only, Christian prison ministry.

The plight of prisoners has been a priority for churches large and small “almost as long as the church has existed,” Moore said.

After Colson’s death in 2012, many evangelical Christians picked up the cause of criminal justice reform, Moore said. As the U.S. prison population has swelled, he added, the issue has touched many Christians personally.

Since Trump has taken office, Christian organizations have claimed “unprecedented” access to the White House. DeRoche has taken part in meetings with Trump’s aides, including his son-in-law, Kushner, but also with Cabinet members and staffers from the departments of Justice, Labor, Health and Human Services, Education and Housing and Urban Development.

It’s not unusual for the White House to welcome that input from Prison Fellowship, however, according to DeRoche. The organization has worked with every administration since President Carter.

On a press call May 23 after the First Step Act passed the House, Prison Fellowship President and Chief Executive Officer James Ackerman recalled a meeting he and DeRoche attended a few weeks ago with Vice President Mike Pence.

As the three men spoke in Pence’s office in the

West Wing, the vice president mentioned Colson had been a mentor to him. Going to his desk, Pence picked up his Bible, which Ackerman noted was “marked up like none I’ve ever seen,” indicating to him that the vice president “clearly is a fervent studier of the Word of God.” He flipped to the back of the book, to some notes he had taken on a talk Colson had given in 2006 at a church in Indiana.

“He read us those notes, and I could hear Chuck’s voice in it,” Ackerman said.

The conversation about prison reform isn’t just a religious conversation anymore as the justice system, from the White House down to local prosecutors, has begun to weigh the cost of mass incarceration. (For Kushner, whose father had spent time in federal prison for illegal campaign contributions, tax evasion and witness tampering, the issue has personal relevance.)

First Step, an acronym for Formerly Incarcerated Re-enter Society Transformed Safely Transitioning Every Person, focuses on recidivism, the number of people who finish their prison terms or are paroled, only to land back in confinement.

Among other things, First Step would encourage prisoners to join programs, such as faith-based classes and job-training programs, that have been shown to reduce recidivism. With “earned time credits” awarded for their participation, prisoners could be released early to halfway houses or home confinement. It also would assess which programs are most effective for individual prisoners.

In the year since the dinner in the Blue Room, the initial enthusiasm had to weather seemingly endless meetings, attempts to act through executive orders in place of legislation and other delays — a previous iteration, the Prison Reform and Redemption Act, foundered in April over its lack of sentencing reform provisions.

More than 20 Christian, Jewish and secular institutions had signed a letter of support for that bill, including Prison Fellowship, the Christian Community Development Association, the Faith and Freedom Coalition, the National Association of Evangelicals, the National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference and the Southern Baptist Convention’s Ethics and Religious Liberty Commission.

After some revisions, the First Step Act was ushered through despite similar objections that it treats only “back end” causes of mass incarceration — recidivism — and not “front end” causes such as mandatory sentencing. Heather Rice-Minus, Prison Fellowship’s vice president of government affairs, said there isn’t enough consensus among lawmakers now to get a bill

(continued on page 9)

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

May 30, 2018 • 9

C’ville memorializes black history

Bernadette Whitsett-Hammond, an organizer with the Preservers of the Daughters of Zion Cemetery, and Mackynzie Ramsey, 4, view a panel on their ancestor at the “Gone But Not Forgotten"”exhibit. PHOTO: EMILY HAYS More than 50 people gathered Sunday afternoon to place flowers at Charlottesville’s historic Daughters of Zion Cemetery. The Decoration Day event is part of recent efforts to memorialize local black history.

A charitable society of AfricanAmerican women, the Daughters of Zion founded the graveyard in 1873, 10 years after the opening of the segregated Oakwood

(from page 8) including sentencing reform to the president’s desk.

“We’re still going to fight for that,” Rice-Minus said. “We consider the First Step Act just that — it’s a first step.”

Democrats in the Senate are reportedly still divided, saying the reforms aren’t enough without also looking at sentencing. So are some Christians, especially those on the left.

“There’s so much in the bill that gives false hope to people,” the Rev. Aundreia Alexander, associate general secretary for action and advocacy at the National Council of Churches, said during a press call earlier this month.

Cemetery. In 2016, the Preservers of the Daughters of Zion Cemetery successfully applied for $80,000 from the city government to rescue the site from disrepair.

“This song is for the ancestors, for those who worked hard and sweated in fields, who knew little rest,” poet Shirley Soloman Parrish recited at Sunday’s event. “This song is for the ancestors, for those who baked the Rodriguez, the head of the National Hispanic Christian Leadership Conference, said he too is disappointed that the bill overlooks sentencing reform. The disparity in sentencing — that people who are African-American or Hispanic are more likely to be incarcerated than people who are white — is something he said nobody can deny, no matter what their politics. And Christians, he said, are compelled by the message of Jesus to speak against such injustice.

When he mentioned the possibility to his multiethnic congregation, he said, “I had African-American men who started to weep and cry.”

cakes and let us lick the bowls.”

After the ceremony, the group moved to the Albemarle Charlottesville Historical Society to see “Gone But Not Forgotten,” an exhibit on the people buried at the cemetery. The exhibit is the society’s first under its new executive director, Coy Barefoot.

“I think it’s important that our doors are open,” Barefoot said.

At the same time, Rodriguez said the First Step Act is a step in the right direction.

The evangelical Christians who have tied themselves to the White House are also glad to show they can have influence on justice and equity, matters the public may not associate with the religious right.

“While much of the media obsession has been on evangelicals’ role in pro-life issues or religious freedom,” Moore said, “I think we’ve actually made the most consequential difference in these areas of social concern, and we’re more involved in those conversations now than the other ones, honestly.”

“We’ve got jazz in the library, and the building is full of life and conversation. This fits with my goal, which is that we use history as a tool to create experiences that can build new relationships.”

One of the panels in the exhibit features Mary Nelson Lewis, who was a founding member of Ebenezer Baptist Church. This legacy motivates Lewis’ greatgranddaughter, Bernadette Whitsett-Hammond, an organizer with the Preservers.

“These individuals contributed to the life of Charlottesville for many, many years and we want their story included in Charlottesville’s history,” Whitsett-Hammond said.

Two surveys of the cemetery using ground-penetrating radar have revealed approximately 270 unmarked graves at the site.

These graves particularly motivate Preservers organizer Edwina St. Rose.

“I had an aunt, my mother’s sister, who is buried at the cemetery. Her marker is there,” St. Rose said. “I was happy that at least we have one marker. I have a grandfather buried there with no marker and maybe great-great-grandparents with no markers.”

St. Rose is also related to Burkley Bullock, a real estate magnate whose family has several gravestones at the Daughters of Zion Cemetery.

City funding paid for the radar surveys and other mapping by Rivanna Archaeological Services.

The city also has started a fencing contract to better enclose the site.

“The dream is coming true,” said Whitsett-Hammond. “And it will be an ongoing one, because we are always going to have to be concerned about the restoration and preservation of the cemetery.”

Other recent additions to the graveyard include a historic marker and a monument to the unnamed burials at the site. A community group, BeCville, paid approximately $3,200 to erect the Memorial to the Unknown.

Virginia’s General Assembly passed a bill this year to extend state funding to maintain the Daughters of Zion Cemetery.

“History isn’t the past. History is the story we tell about the past, and it depends on who gets to tell the story,” Barefoot said. “That will determine the history we leave for those who come after us. So, if you do this right, it has to be inclusive.”

10 • May 30, 2018

The LEGACY

Truthful witnessing Images from the Black Photographers Annual DAVID STREEVER RVA MAG - Themes from that essay by one of America’s greatest authors run throughout the entire exhibit, from the name “truthful witnessing”, taken from a line describing the volume, to the selection of images that focus on the experiences of black men and women as photographed by black artists.

Inspired by the essay, and wanting to feature artists who she wouldn’t have other chances to show, curator Dr. Sarah Eckhardt admitted she “cheated a little” in selecting contemporaneous works “that could have been in the annual” and would “fit the theme of testimony found in Baldwin’s essay.” Like the companion volume, the exhibit of 20 images is the third in a four-part series showcasing work by photographers who appeared in four-volume annuals. The original volumes were produced in 1973, ‘74, ‘76, and ‘80 as an outgrowth of the Kamoinge Workshop, a collective of black artists whose name translates from the Kikuyu language of Kenya into English as “to work together.”

The volumes were intended to promote the work of black photographers, Eckhardt said, saying they “came out of the lack of opportunity for black photographers in mainstream media.” The board of the museum undertook a similar goal in 2015, establishing a five-year strategic plan to increase representation of black photographers. One significant step toward that goal occurred in 2016 with the acquisition of a Kamoinge founder, Richmond-born Louis Draper. Everyone wanted it, Eckhardt said, but “we built a relationship with the family, and made a promise to his sister to show it here. She wanted him to be known in his hometown.”

It was that archive that made the current exhibition possible. After reading an article about Draper and the annuals, Eckhardt reviewed their archive and found all four. “I was just absolutely struck by how beautiful they were,” she said.

“America seen through Stars and Stripes, New York City, New York,” printed ca. 1976, Ming Smith. © Ming Smith, Courtesy Steven Kasher Gallery, New York With all four volumes available at the VMFA website in digitized form, it’s the works Eckhardt selected that didn’t appear in the annuals that stand out. Among them, three pieces

by Mikki Ferrill, who appeared in volumes one and two. “I only acquired her work in time to show it now,” Eckhardt said, describing the series as a chance to highlight exciting acquisitions as they come in.

Ferrill wasn’t a Kamoinge member and only appeared in the first two volumes. “I won’t have another chance to show her work for a while, but I think it’s amazing, I just wanted to get it out there,” she said.

The artist excelled at “showing relationships” Eckhardt said, pointing to one photo where a woman gives a man a dubious look as he speaks, over and beyond her to an unseen audience. “She captures the glance at just the right moment,” Eckhardt said. Although there is no other context, the work shares an

intimate moment between two people that feels familiar and immediately recognizable.

Another piece that could have appeared in the volume but didn’t is Ming Smith’s “America seen through Stars and Stripes, New York City, New York.” Smith appeared in all four annuals, but this striking image of a man in mirror shades in front of hanging American flags did not.

“It fit so beautifully with the theme of Baldwin’s essay,” Eckhardt said, adding that she paraphrased a long quote from that work on the photo’s label.

That quote, which brings to mind Donald Glover’s recent music video for “This Is America”, begins by acknowledging 1975 as the American Bicentennial, but goes on to question the significance of the date. “I am writing this at the very beginning of the Bi-centennial Year,” Eckhardt said, reading the label. “But I have no real interest

in America’s birthday, since I no longer expect Americans to grow up.

Americans have, themselves, made the date irrelevant precisely by their avoidance of the testimony here recorded, and by their inability to face the truth concerning themselves and that history which has made, and makes, the lives of all black and non-white people so dangerous and so hard.”

Eckhardt compared the essay to a statement by Ming about her piece, in which the artist “quoted an aunt who said, “If you had seen the things I’ve seen…” she doesn’t share the details, but she was talking about the pain of being black in America. It all comes together.”

Pointing to Baldwin’s quote, she added, “This was in 1976. He was just so current…or maybe we’ve regressed.”

“Truthful Witnessing” remains on display in the photography gallery until Oct 2018.

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

May 30, 2018 • 11

“Atlanta’s” Zazie Beetz, as Domino, a lucky superhero, is brazen and right for “Deadpool 2” 3.5 out of 5 stars

of some very pessimistic detractors: Cable to Deadpool: “You’re not a

vanilla superheroes who never fornicate (Superman) or show skin

hero, you’re an animated clown dressed up as a sex doll.”

The first Deadpool was cut bare to the bones (editor Julian Clarke, “District 9” and “Elysium”). This film’s footage is less tidy. Its editors (Craig Alpert, “Pitch Perfect 2”; Elisabet Ronaldsdottir, “John Wick”; Dirk Westervelt, “Logan”) haven’t trimmed all the fat. Opening scenes and the final ones have a steady rhythm. What’s in-between, at times, feels clunky—especially the prison and security-truck-caravan sequences. The less than precise editing is made a bit more obvious

by Leitch’s sometimes bland staging: When Deadpool meets the young combustible mutant, who has set fire to the environs, the flames look like faux campfires or lazy special effects, not like menacing infernos. The moment is made more noticeable by the stagnant choreography.

Also, the script doesn’t draw on some of the eccentric strengths of the first film: a sexual edge with an abundance of nudity. There was something extra naughty about Reynolds’ rampant sexuality and shameless nudity in Deadpool that differentiated him from other

(Batman). Maybe adding a 14-yearold protagonist to the mix meant the graphic sexuality had to go. Some part of Reynolds’ fan base will be disappointed. Some will not.

The dialogue is relentlessly funny, bitter and ironic and the entire cast from Reynolds to Uggams to Brolin deliver their lines like they were doing standup comedy at an asylum.

Some of the film’s elements may be inconsistent, but the demented humor is always dead on.

Reynolds is still the glue. He and the droll character he plays are inseparable. Hard to distinguish the two personalities; both are so ingeniously sardonic. In only a brief appearance Morena Baccarin, as the love interest, steals scenes. Zazie Beetz as Domino, a lucky superhero, is brazen and right for the part.

Josh Brolin, who excels at playing badasses, raises hell as Cable.

Dennison’s New Zealand accent makes it difficult to follow what the teenager is saying. It’s almost as if he is tripping over his words.

Don’t be surprised if action fans have a raging debate about which is better, the first or second “Deadpool.”

It’s an argument worth joining.

DWIGHT BROWN In the pantheon of comic book hero movies, “Deadpool” set itself apart from the herd. It was ultraviolent, pansexual, hysterical, unapologetically sarcastic and frenetic and broke the 4th wall down with a sledgehammer.

The deeply droll and irreverent Canadian actor Ryan Reynolds played the vomit-faced superhero.

The script by Rhett Reese and Paul Wernick took audiences down a dark alley and assaulted them. Tim Miller, an American animator and visual effects artist, marked his feature-film directing debut. Miller and cinematographer Ken Seng (“Project X”) made the footage look very stylish—à la “The Matrix.” It took Reynolds 10 years to get the movie made, and that long gestation period gave the production team time to perfect every aspect of the film.

As a result, “Deadpool” was impish, devilish joy and extremely attractive eye candy. It became the highestgrossing R-rated movie ever, making $745M at the box office.

“Deadpool 2” is different. Not better or worse. Just different. Rhett Reese, Paul Wernick and co-writer Ryan Reynolds have created an immensely ambitious storyline with an endless string of characters that parade across the screen for 159 minutes—10 minutes longer than its predecessor. Miller is out as the director and David Leitch, a former actor, stuntman, stunt coordinator and the uncredited director of the action film “John Wick,” is at the helm. “Deadpool 2” is long and not visually striking (cinematographer Jonathan Sela, “John Wick”). Yet, this offspring has a lot to offer its fans.

The title credits list a production team that is just a bunch of sarcastic asides. So, from the beginning, you know you can’t take anything seriously and a barrage of gut-funny jokes is on the menu. Initial action scenes depict Deadpool (Reynolds), a mercenary, carrying out his

trade across the world, killing and maiming not-so-nice guys. The villains die in awkward and unique ways, and that’s how Leitch puts his stamp on this sequel. The stunts are fun, original and deadly.

After a cruel incident, Deadpool, aka Wade Wilson, finds himself in a fit of despair. He seeks solace from his close friends, some of whom are not used to his new wounded fawn persona. For example, when Wade is whimpering to his elderly friend Blind Al (74-year-old Leslie Uggams, a former child star on the 1960s TV show “Sing Along With Mitch”), Al bluntly tells him: “It’s hard to understand what you’re saying with that pity d—k in your mouth.”

The joyfully, raunchy banter and decorative violence continue, as Deadpool becomes a surrogate father to a wayward 14-year-old mutant (Julian Dennison, Shopping).

His new charge was abused at an orphanage and is being chased by a gun-wielding madman named Cable (Josh Brolin). Our anti-hero, with a scar-tissue face only a mother could love, has a lot on his hands.

He can go it alone. Or, he can draft a group of other misfit super heroes into fighting the good fight, in spite

12 • May 30, 2018

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May 30, 2018 • 13

‘Bamboozled’ ITT tech grad saddled with massive debt, subpar degree CNS – Bobby Donovan always loved video games. The 29-year-old from suburban Hanover County played games like World of Warcraft and League of Legends daily and worked as a senior game adviser at GameStop for a few years after high school. When Donovan saw ITT Technical Institute was offering a bachelor’s degree program in video game design, he jumped at the idea.

But his hopes of attaining that degree and furthering his career did not last long. Donovan entered the program at the for-profit college’s Midlothian campus in fall 2010.

By the following fall, the program had lost its accreditation and was eliminated.

Donovan said ITT Tech received late notice that the video game design program was not meeting the expectations of its accreditor.

Contrary to Donovan’s belief, he was never enrolled in the bachelor’s program. Instead, he and other students in the same situation were transferred into a graphic design or visual communications program. And that program was for an associate’s degree, not a bachelor’s.

“They cut the program and never enrolled anybody into the bachelor’s program,” Donovan said. “They only enrolled people into the associate’s, so you were never on track for the bachelor’s. We didn’t know they did that. They never told us, or they never told me.”

When Donovan learned the video game design program was eliminated, he looked into transferring schools. But there was one significant issue: What he thought was his best option, ECPI University, another large for-profit institution in Virginia, would not accept his credits. He felt he had no choice but to stay at ITT Tech and complete the associate’s program, which he did. He graduated in 2012.

Donovan, who now lives in Woodbridge in Northern Virginia, estimated that he took out about $50,000 in loans to fund his associate’s degree. His loan debt is split between a federal and a private lender. Approximately $20,000 of it is from the private lender ITT Tech used, who sold Donovan’s debt to Student CU Connect in 2013. The loan has a variable interest rate that started around 12 percent but has increased to about 16 percent. It caps at 16.75 percent.

“The amount is really just unheard of for an associate’s degree,” Donovan

said. “If I didn’t have student loans, I would probably have an extra $1,000 every month.”

David Hodges, 31, a former classmate of Donovan’s, enrolled in ITT Tech’s visual communications associate’s program in 2010. He withdrew from the institution after a year.

“I feel that I educated my professors more than they educated me,” Hodges said. “I enjoyed my classmates, but not the program.

The art program at ITT Tech is comparable to an eighth-grade art class.”

Hodges, who lives in Richmond, is now a self-employed street artist and fine arts painter, but he said it is no thanks to his time at ITT Tech.

“I tell everyone I’m self-taught because I learned nothing at ITT Tech,” he said.

In 2014, the Consumer Financial Protection Bureau, a federal agency founded in 2011 to protect citizens from unfair bank and lending practices, sued ITT Tech. The bureau alleged the school’s enrollment and financial aid advisors used predatory lending tactics to coerce students into costly private loans they could not afford. The lawsuit also alleged ITT Tech misled students about their post-graduation job prospects and the transferability of earned credits.

“ITT marketed itself as improving consumers’ lives, but it was really just improving its bottom line,” Richard Cordray, the bureau’s former director, said in a news release when the bureau filed the lawsuit.

“We believe ITT used high-pressure tactics to push many consumers into expensive loans destined to

default. [This] action should serve as a warning to the for-profit college industry that we will be vigilant about protecting students against predatory lending tactics.”

ITT Tech closed its campuses and declared bankruptcy in September 2016, after the U.S. Department of Education judged the school failed to meet accreditation standards twice that year and eliminated ITT Tech’s ability to receive federal student aid.

Some students who were enrolled at the time or had recently withdrawn – within the previous 120 days – could apply for loan cancellation, but that applied only to federal loans, not private loans.

Because Donovan graduated in 2012, neither of those options applied to him. He received an email from ITT Tech on Sept. 6, 2016, explaining the school’s closure. The response blamed the federal government for forcing the school to close, Donovan said, and offered no options relevant to him other than providing information on how to obtain his academic transcript.

“The Department of Education’s August 25 letter imposed a combination of requirements on ITT Educational Services, Inc. that we believe are unprecedented in the history of the Department of Education,” the email stated.

“Please know we worked diligently to identify alternatives that would have allowed you to start or continue your education at ITT Tech and earn your degree. But the Department of Education’s actions have forced us to cease operations at the ITT Technical Institutes.”

The email shared a list of schools

that ITT Tech said had entered into agreements allowing students to transfer credits. The email also included a list of schools in students’ local areas or online that offered similar programs. Donovan said he thinks the schools ITT Tech mentioned were also for-profit colleges. The website is no longer active.

Donovan said his student loan debt will hang over his head for years to come. He is still motivated to earn a bachelor’s degree, but it is not feasible for him to return to school just yet.

“It’s kind of been put on the back burner after starting a family, getting a house,” he said. “[The debt] affects a lot of things – not just going back to school, but really starting my life outside of school after one huge mistake.”

He also said if he were to pursue a bachelor’s degree at a four-year school, he doubts his associate’s degree would be considered; thus, he would likely have to start over with zero credits.

“I don’t think any actual college or university will actually recognize it as a degree,” Donovan said. “But I’m not 100 percent sure. I haven’t found out yet.”

He is doubtful his associate’s degree has been valuable in his post-ITT Tech job pursuits either, he said, but he remains positive and hopeful for the future.

“The people that I met [at ITT Tech] are great people,” Donovan said. “Some of the teachers were really good. It was a learning experience. I know I’m not going to be bamboozled again.”

14 • May 30, 2018

The LEGACY

Low-income Americans would receive free medical care under proposed legislation Congressman Daniel Webster (R-FL) has introduced ‘‘The Good Samaritan Charitable Physicians’ Services Act of 2018’’ in the House of Representatives [H.R. 5856]. It’s aimed directly at the dire need to provide health care services for the nations’ poorest citizens.

Under the proposed law, medical professionals who offer free medical care for low-income Americans would receive a tax break for each lowincome patient they treat for free.

According to Dan Weber, president of the Association of Mature American Citizens, which has been lobbying for such legislation since last year, the senior advocacy organization conducted a survey among doctors and nurse

Rep. Daniel Webster

practitioners. The poll asked if they would be willing to participate in such a plan and the great majority said they would. Weber noted that if each one the tax break is likely to attract medical professionals at a rapid pace providing free services to as many as seven million needy people.

“Obamacare has failed to provide health care to millions of Americans and it is time for Congress to find new solutions to this growing problem. The Good Samaritan Charitable Physicians Services act will provide anyone without insurance a new source for healthcare and help to create a doctor-patient relationship missing in our current system. I encourage

every member of Congress to cosponsor this legislation to help low-income families across the country,” Weber said in a statement.

In a recent opinion article by Weber, he said: “Currently, while the IRS permits physicians and nurse practitioners to deduct pro bono services provided to 501(c)(3) charitable services institution, it does not allow them to deduct pro bono services offered to individuals in clinics and offices. Congress should pass – and President Trump should approve – legislation that provides a pro bono tax deduction as a method of providing ‘no cost’ medical care services for up to 20 low-income or poor citizens annually who are not presently covered by insurance and rely on Medicaid and the Children's Health Insurance Program [CHIP].”

One of the things that makes such a program ideal is the fact that it would not require the establishment of a costly bureaucratic infrastructure to put it in place, Weber added. All that would be needed is for the IRS to create the necessary forms for participating medical professionals to claim their deductions.

In addition, said Weber, pro bono tax relief is an enticing benefit and, as a result, providing it is bound to attract more and more for medical practitioners once the program is established.

“The net benefits would be that the poor, including many senior citizens, would have free access to quality health care and the nation as a whole would save money. In fact, it is estimated that the government would save as much as $54.4 billion a year, and maybe more, in Medicaid payments annually.

“And it would reduce costly emergency room visits, the ‘go-to’ alternative for people who can’t afford to pay medical fees. That’s more than the amount requested in the FY2018 budget by NASA and the Departments of Energy, State, Homeland Security, and Housing and Urban Development. And pro bono care could easily be expanded to include medical specialists and retired physicians.”

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Calendar 6.1, all day

Dr. Isabel Barbato and the team at Complete Dental Care of Richmond, located at 11540 Midlothian Turnpike in Richmond, are giving away free Invisalign treatment to one lucky teenager as part of My Free Teen Invisalign Smile.

Candidates can apply by going to www.MyFreeSmile.org and submitting their story and a photo of their smile. Applications will be open from June 1 to June 30. Eligible applicants must be ages 13 to 17.

The winner will be announced two weeks after applications have closed.

In addition to free Invisalign treatment, the winner will also receive the first full set of retainers (regularly priced at $500).

6.2, noon

Exhibitors are needed for KingLincoln Park Day taking place on Saturday, June 2 from noon to 5 p.m.

Community organizations are encouraged to participate with an exhibit representing your agency and mission. Exhibitors are also asked to provide one hands-on activity for children at your booth during the festival. This can be a craft, a game, an interactive reading station, a sports challenge, group art activity, etc. Accepted exhibitors are provided one 15’ x 15’ space with tables and chairs. Organizations interested in exhibiting at the event can complete an application online at bit.ly/2IS3u3c . There is no fee for exhibitors.

King-Lincoln Park Day is an afternoon showcasing all the recreational opportunities offered at King-Lincoln Park (600 Jefferson Ave., Newport News) and the surrounding community. The event features a broad range of free activities for all ages including make-and-take crafts, free Bingo (ages 55 & up), community exhibits, and live entertainment. Kids can enjoy free face painting, a moon bounce, a giant slide, and an obstacle course.

There will be free snow cones and free cotton candy for everyone to enjoy.

For additional information, call 757-926-1400. Updates and announcements (including weatherrelated announcements) will be posted on Facebook.

The LEGACY

COMMUNITY ACTIVITIES & EVENTS

Invitation to free historical tours On Saturday, June 2 and Sunday, June 3, Richmond National Battlefield Park invites the public to explore the history of Cold Harbor, site of the famed 1864 battle that one soldier described as “simply a butchery.” This year’s event features living history demonstrations, children’s activities, a Saturday evening candlelight tour of the battlefield, and a presentation by renowned historian Gordon C. Rhea. All events begin at the Cold Harbor Battlefield Visitor Center, 5515 Anderson Wright Drive, Mechanicsville, VA, and are free of charge.

At 7 p.m. on Saturday, Gordon C. Rhea, author of numerous criticallyacclaimed books and articles on the Civil War, will discuss the Battle of Cold Harbor and the actions of the Union and Confederate armies following General Ulysses S. Grant’s ill-fated assault on June 3, 1864. Visitors are encouraged to bring their own folding chairs and blankets for this open-air presentation. Following the program, Rhea will be available to sign books.

Also on Saturday, starting at 6 p.m. visitors can pick up tickets for the evening candlelight tours, which begin at 8 p.m. Visitors can enjoy the Civil War-era harmonies of the band Southern Horizon from 8-9:30 p.m. Tickets for the tours are free and available on a first-come, first-served basis. Visitors are advised to wear weather-appropriate clothing and comfortable shoes for walking and to bring flashlights.

From 6-9 p.m. on Saturday kids can visit the mobile education trailer, a special interactive exhibit designed in conjunction with Petersburg National Battlefield. There they can explore hands-on displays about America’s Civil War and Civil Rights history. Kids who visit the trailer will have the opportunity to complete a Junior Ranger booklet and earn a patch unique to this event.

Park Rangers will offer guided, one-hour tours of the Cold Harbor battlefield on Saturday at 10 a.m. and 2 p.m., and on Sunday at 10 a.m., Noon, and 2 p.m. The tours will cover a variety of topics, including the fighting on June 3, 1864, and Ulysses S. Grant’s critical decisions during the battle. Cannon and rifle demonstrations will take place Saturday at 11 a.m., 1 p.m., and 3 p.m. and Sunday at 11 a.m. and 1 p.m.

“We invite the public to join us at this beautiful place and reflect on the sacrifices made here that shaped the course of our nation’s history,” said Richmond National Battlefield Park Acting Superintendent Simone Monteleone.

For a list of the weekend’s events, visit us online at www.nps.gov/rich. In the event that overflow parking is needed or there is inclement weather, updates will be posted at www.Facebook.com/RichmondNPS or can be obtained by calling 804- 226-5023.

Are you in a suicide crisis?

National Suicide Prevention Lifeline 1-800-273-8255

Submit your calendar events by email to: editor @legacynewspaper.com.

Include the who, what, where, when & contact information that can be printed. Deadline is Friday.

Ongoing

1708 Gallery in Richmond invites national and international artists working in all media and disciplines to submit proposals for the 11th annual InLight Richmond. Proposals for InLight 2018 should involve, be inspired by, investigate, or interpret themes of light, from light as medium to light as concept.

InLight 2018 will take place on Friday, Nov. 16 from 7 p.m. to midnight and Saturday, Nov. 17, from 7 p.m. to 10 p.m. at the Virginia Museum of Fine Arts. InLight is a public exhibition of contemporary light-based artworks—videos and projections, multi-media and interactive projects, sculptures, installations, performances.

Occurring during 1708 Gallery’s 40th Anniversary Year, InLight 2018 will focus on ideas of Community.

Recent editorials have described two Richmonds. “RVA” encompasses revitalization, creativity and growth.

“Richmond” is divided, challenged, and struggling. Artists are invited to consider this dynamic and to imagine an ideal community—ONE Richmond. While existing work will be considered, 1708 Gallery encouragesartists to propose projects that consider this theme.

Deadline to apply is midnight, local time, on Saturday, June 30.

Potential sites for installations and performances include pathways, façades and other walls, sidewalks, green spaces, trees, and more.

In addition, a limited number of interior sites MAY be available.

Artists may propose a specific site for both pre-existing and site-responsive works. Please indicate if your work is site-specific on your entry form. 1708 Gallery reserves the right to make final site assignments.

The juror for InLight Richmond 2018 is Kimberli Gant, PhD, the McKinnon Curator of Modern & Contemporary Art at the Chrysler Museum in Norfolk.

For more details about InLight 2018 and to apply, visit 1708gallery.org.

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May 30, 2018 • 17

www.LEGACYnewspaper.com

Senators urge for better credit access for low income Virginia’s senior U.S. Sen. Mark R. Warner (S) and a group of 15 colleagues last week sent a letter to the Office of the comptroller of the Currency (OCC), the chairman of the Board of Governors of the Federal Reserve System, and the chairman of the Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation (FDIC), urging them to take steps that would strengthen access to credit for diverse communities under the Community Reinvestment Act (CRA).

The CRA was signed into law in 1977 to provide a framework to ensure that banks serve the needs of all members of their community, regardless of their race, gender, or income. By ensuring that banks provide access to credit for low- and middle-income (LMI) communities, the CRA has helped ameliorate redlining that has disadvantaged minorities and disinvestment that has harmed urban and rural communities. As a result, the CRA has expanded homeownership to

U.S. Sen. Mark R. Warner more Americans, financed more small businesses, and transformed local economies.

The senators urged the agencies to take the opportunity to strengthen the CRA by expanding its applicability to regions and institutions that are not currently covered by the CRA and avoid proposals that could undermine the long-standing effectiveness of

the law. In addition, the Senators emphasized the need to reflect the impact of digital banking in any new regulations.

“When the CRA became law in 1977, a bank’s geographic footprint and the areas surrounding it was a good proxy for the communities served by the bank. That no longer holds true. A bank should be examined under the CRA for how it serves LMI communities where it has a physical footprint and in areas where the bank accepts deposits and does substantial business, and it should receive CRA credit for qualifying loans and investments made in those areas,” wrote the senators.

The senators also advised the federal agencies to avoid proposals that could undermine the effectiveness of the CRA. “While we generally support expansions that benefit LMI communities, we are concerned that permitting expansions for banks with ‘less than

satisfactory’ ratings undermines the only formal compliance mechanism that exists under the CRA,” the senators warned. “Furthermore, we believe that narrowing the universe of loans with respect to which a regulator evaluates a bank’s illegal or discriminatory credit practices is inconsistent with a key finding of Congress in passing the CRA: banks must demonstrate that they ‘serve the convenience and needs of the communities in which they are chartered to do business.’”

In addition to Warner, the letter was signed by senators Tim Kaine (D-VA), Cory Booker (D-NJ), Sherrod Brown (D-OH), Catherine Cortez Masto (D-NV), Elizabeth Warren (D-MA), Doug Jones (D-AL), Amy Klobuchar (D-MN), Bob Menendez (D-NJ), Kirsten Gillibrand (D-NY), Dianne Feinstein (D-CA), Brian Schatz (D-HI), Chris Van Hollen (D-MD), Gary Peters (D-MI), Ron Wyden (D-OR), and Debbie Stabenow (D-MI).

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18 • May 30, 2018

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STATE OF SOUTH CAROLINA COUNTY OF FLORENCE South Carolina Department of Social Services, Plaintiff, vs.

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PROC 01-156-002-03600/0525 HAMPTON SOLICITATION

AUCTIONS Auction - June 2, 2018 - 9:30 a.m. 4500 Old Buckingham Road, Powhatan, Va. 231391928 Model A Special Coupes, Americana, Stoneware, Petromobilia, Cupboards, Jukebox, Soda Pop, Coin Op www.tilmansauction.com for information, VAL #348, (804) 347 4963

The Director of Finance or his designated representative will accept written responses in the Procurement Office, 1 Franklin Street, Suite 345, Hampton, VA 23669 on behalf of the Entity listed below until the date and local time specified.

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HAMPTON CITY SCHOOLS Tuesday, June 12, 2018 4:00 p.m. EST RFP 18-181615/EA

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Thursday, June 21, 2018 2:00 p.m. EST ITB 18-180913/EA (Re-Bid) Alarm Monitoring For additional information, see our web page at http://www.hampton.gov/bids-contracts

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Sewer Rehabilitation Holding a mandatory pre-proposal conference on June 13, 2018 at 10:00 AM at 550 N. Back River Road, Hampton, VA 23669

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A withdrawal of bid due to error shall be in accordance with Section 2.2-4330 of the Code of Virginia. All forms relating to these solicitations may be obtained from the above listed address or for further information call (757) 727-2200. The City of Hampton reserves the right to reject any and all responses, to make awards in whole or in part, and to waive any informality in submittals.

Minority-Owned, Woman-Owned and Veteran Businesses are encouraged to participate.

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