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EGACY

INSIDE

Police operation nets last conviction - 4 How low-income students succeed - 5 Antidote to country’s political crisis - 8 U.S. silence, patriotism and protest - 10

Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow.

WEDNESDAYS • June 6, 2018

Richmond & Hampton Roads

LEGACYNEWSPAPER.COM • FREE

Why are black children killing themselves? JOSEPH P. WILLIAMS

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n honor-roll student and budding athlete, those who knew him described Rylan Hagan as a model sixth-grader and a happy kid with two loving, if occasionally troubled, parents fighting through poverty, past incarceration and homelessness. Friends and family remembered Stormiyah Denson-Jackson as “a beacon of light,” a typical tween-age girl who loved dancing and was a bit of a shutterbug. Yet her captivating smile, they say, belied the pain she felt from bullying from other kids at her residential charter school. Rylan, 11, and Stormiyah, 12, lived in different parts of Washington, D.C., and likely didn't know each other. But their deaths unite them: Rylan committed suicide in November 2017, and Stormiyah reportedly did the same this past January. The Health of Black America Though shockingly young for such tragedy, the two also illustrate alarming statistical trends. More elementary-aged African-American children have been taking their own lives, and black boys and girls between the ages of 5 and 12 are doing so at roughly twice the rate of white kids the same age. “Suicide rates in the United States have traditionally been higher among white than black individuals across all age groups,” a study published this month in the journal JAMA Pediatrics states. However, “analyses revealed that the suicide rate among those younger than 13 years is approximately two times higher for black children compared with white children, a finding observed in boys and girls.” While the higher rate among black children had been uncovered in recent years, researchers and mental health experts caution it’s

Nataya Chambers looks at the bunk bed where her 11-year-old son Rylan hanged himself in Washington, D.C. unusual for children so young to kill themselves, and suicides among those so young account for only a fraction of the total that includes teenagers and adults each year. Moreover, experts say, multiple factors are usually involved when a person decides to take their own life, including issues like bipolar disorder, profound social isolation or a deep sense of loss. Often present, too, is easy access to a means of death, such as guns or potent drugs. Still, the data are clear, even if the reasons behind the trends are not. “We should say we don’t know the “why” yet,” says Lisa Horowitz, a National Institutes of Health staff scientist and pediatric psychologist who co-authored the JAMA Pediatrics study, which is based on

data from 2001 to 2015. “We don’t have that data yet but we are looking at it, and that’s where future studies are headed.” “In terms of raw numbers, (child suicide) is a relatively rare event and it's a small amount,” said Horowitz. “But even one is one too many.” Those who study the nexus of race and mental health say the sharp difference in the suicide rate of black and white youngsters, while disturbing, also falls in line with the litany of disparate health outcomes between African-Americans and whites – from higher diabetes and obesity rates among AfricanAmericans to all-around earlier deaths – that are tied to social factors like poverty, nutrition, violence and racism.

“That this age group is showing this disparity – that’s the alarming piece,” said Angela Neal-Barnett, a Kent State University psychology professor and director of the Program for Research on Anxiety Disorders among African Americans. “But the trend has been emerging for a while ... No, it does not surprise me.” Dr. William Lawson, a psychologist and professor at the University of Texas-Austin Dell Medical School, says the suicide study’s conclusions are to be expected, given the socioeconomic problems in the black community. “It’s access to care, and all the usual factors that lead to poor (health) outcomes” for AfricanAmericans, Lawson said. Those

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