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Yesterday. Today. Tomorrow.
WEDNESDAYS • July 8, 2020
Richmond & Hampton Roads
LEGACYNEWSPAPER.COM • FREE
Washing the gray from RVA’s Monument Ave. REX SPRINGSTON News Analysis
It was always about Lee. The most beloved of Confederates, Gen. Robert E. Lee, got the first and tallest statue on Richmond’s Monument Avenue, one of the most sacred places for rebel aficionados in the country. With Mayor Levar Stoney following through on his pledge to quickly remove monuments under city control, and the fate of the state-controlled Lee tied up in court, Lee would fittingly be the last man standing. And that would set up one final, dramatic cleansing to wash the gray out of the avenue. Protesters knew Lee was the man. Over the past few weeks they adorned his once-solemn monument with graffiti — variously foul, funny and heartbreaking — saying black people are tired of racial injustice. And lots of white people, too. Many Richmonders are delighted at the current scene around the monument, which resembles — during the day, at least — a street festival, with people registering voters, playing music and taking photos with their kids in front of the now multi-hued Lee. “When I gaze upon the defacement of these statues, my heart swells with joy that maybe this time real change is happening,” wrote a woman on Facebook in response to a Lee photo I posted. At the same time, many people see the treatment of the six-story Lee monument as unpunished lawlessness. “It breaks my heart to see history being destroyed,” wrote another woman. It seems clear that how you feel about the Lee monument’s treatment depends largely on how you feel about Lee himself. The dispute about defacing, and ultimately removing, the monument really boils down to two questions: Is Lee worthy of continuing veneration? And will removing his monument destroy history? Let’s see what the historians say. Is Lee worthy? Generations of Virginians, including me, were
taught by schoolbooks and peers that Lee was the greatest Civil War hero — so honorable as to be almost Christ-like. “General Lee was a handsome man (who) sat straight and firm in his saddle,” said the fourthgrade text “Virginia’s History.” It was one of three Confederate-friendly history books used in the state from the 1950s well into the 1970s. It added that Lee’s horse, Traveller, “stepped proudly, as if he knew that he carried a great general.” A lot of people cling today to that view of Lee, almost desperately. Some of them are my friends. But anyone willing to open their minds and read things written over the past few decades can see there’s a darker truth about Lee. Lee was a white supremacist. As historians told me for a story on slavery myths, Lee denied that the African-American was “as capable of acquiring knowledge as the white man is.” Asked by a congressional committee what future
he desired for the formerly enslaved, Lee replied, “I think it would be better for Virginia if she could get rid of them.” White supremacy was widespread in the 1800s — in the South and only slightly less so in the North. Some say it’s unfair to judge Lee by modern values. But even during Lee’s era and before, some Virginians recognized that slavery was wrong. For example, George Wythe, who signed the Declaration of Independence, believed in equality of the races. There’s a myth that Lee opposed slavery, based on an 1856 letter from Lee to his wife. Lee wrote that “slavery as an institution is a moral and political evil.” What’s often left out is that Lee went on to say slavery was a greater evil for whites than for blacks. Lee wrote that black people were better off here than in Africa. He said the time to free the enslaved was best left up to God — which could mean in a year, or a thousand years. And he himself had a reputation as a cruel master. The late Lee biographer Elizabeth Brown Pryor said Lee “disliked the institution (of slavery) — more for its inefficiency than from moral repugnance — yet defended it throughout his life.” But didn’t the large majority of Virginians defend slavery before the war? I’m ashamed to say I thought so for a long time. College of William & Mary historian Melvin Patrick Ely enlightened me not long ago: “When people talk about ‘Virginians’ supporting the Confederacy or defending slavery, they’re leaving out half the state’s people — the Afro-Virginians and the people who lived in what’s now West Virginia.” So it’s a trick question. Who ever thinks about what enslaved people wanted? Lee supporters say he did good things as an educator after the war. Among other efforts, as the president of struggling Washington College, Lee established a journalism program. This is not fake news.
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