CARTBBEANEXAMINATIONS COUNCIL CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS CO CARIBBEANADVAI{CEDPROFICIENCY EXAMINATIONS CARIBBEANADVAhICEDPROFICIENCY EX. ANSWERBOOKLET
ANSWER BOOKLET
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TESTCODEOO247I
FORNI TP 22245
MAY/JUNE2OO2
CARIBBEAN EXAMINATIONS COUNCIL ADVANCED PROFICIENCY EXAMINATION PHYSICS UNIT 01 - Paper0L 7 hour and 45 minutes
READ THE FOLLOWING INSTRUCTIONS CAREFULLY 1'
This paper consistsof NINE questions. Candidatesmusr attemptALL questions.
2'
CandidatesMUST write in this answerbooklet andall working MUST be CLEARLY shown.
3.
The use of non-prograrnmable calculatorsis permitted.
copyright@ 2002caribbeanExaminarions council
-2LIST OF PHYSICAL CONSTANTS Universal gravitationalconstant
G
6.67 x 10-11N m2 kg-,
Accelerationdue to gravity
g
9.80 m s-2
Radiusof the Earth
RE
6380 km
Mass of the Earth
ME
5.98x 1024kg
Mass of the Moon
MM
7 .35x 1022kg
1 Atmosphere
Atm
1.00x10sNm-2
Boltzmann'sconstant
k
1.38xlo-23JK-l
Density of water
1.00x 103kg rn-r
Thermalconductivityof copper
400 W m-r K-l
Specific heat capacityof alurninium
910J kg-t 11-t
Specific heat capaciryof copper
387I kg-t 6-t
Specificheatcapacityof water
420AJ kg-r 6-t
Specificlatentheatof fusion of ice
3.34x10sJkg-t
Specificlatentheatof vaporizationof water
2.26x106Jkg-t
Avogadro'snumber
NA
6.02 x 1023per mole
Molar gasconstant
R
8.31J K-r mol'r
Stefan-Boltzmann constant
o
5.67x 1o-8w m-2K-a
Speedof light in vacuum
c
3.0 x 108m s'l
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-31'
(a)
Writedowntheconditionsnecessary for a bodyto be in a stateof equilibrium.
[2 marks] (b)
I I
. 85m
Figure L The diagramshowsa hingedbeamthat is connectedto a wall by a horizontal cableand supportinga concreteslabof weight4500N. The uniform beamhasa weight of 900 N. The massof the cableand rope are negligible. (i)
Draw a free-bodydiagramshowingthe forces acting on this system.
[3 marks]
-4-
1.
(ii)
Calculatethe tensionT in the cable
[2 marks] (iii)
Calculatethe net force on the beamfrom the hinge.
[3 marks] Total 10 marks
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-5-
2.
(a)
An electricpump with a poweroutputof 3 MW moves4 x lot t kg of water from a depth of 80 m in a reservoirto the surface. (i)
Use energy conservationconsiderationsto explain how the pump moves the water to the surfaceof the reservoir.
[3 marks] (ii)
How long will it takethe pump to move the4 x 1012kg of waterto the surface?
[2 marks] (b)
Waterflowing into the samereservoiris allowedto strike a set of blades. The blades, which rotate,are connectedto a generatorwhich is usedto keep the light bulbs in the reservoiralight. Use energyconservationconsiderations to explain (i)
how this systemworks
[3 marks] (ii)
why the electricalpower usedby the Iight bulbs is less than the power of the water striking the blades.
[2 marks] Total 10 rnarks
-6-
3.
There has been a scare of a terrorist attack at the Grantley Adams International Airport in Barbados. An incoming flight as shown in Figure 2 has been asked to circle the airport at a steady height and an angle of d to the horizontal for the next 20 minutes while checks are being made at the airport.
Figure 2 (a)
On Figure 2 draw and label the actual forces acting on the aeroplanein the vertical plane. [2 marks]
(b)
The aeroplanetravelsat constantspeedin a circularfashion. (i)
Nameandexplainthe origin of the horizontalforcethatkeepsthe planein this circle.
[2 marks] (ii)
What force opposesthe weight to keepthe planeat a constantheight.
[L mark ]
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- 7-
3.
(c)
The aeroplanecirclesthe airport in a circle of radius I km at a speedof 340 km/hr. Find the angle0 at which the aeroplanemovesto the horizontal.
[5 marks] Total 10 marks 4-
(a)
Statewhat is meantby 'coherentlight sources'
[2 marks] (b)
(i)
Describethe diffractiongrating.
[]. mark 1 (i i)
Explain the part played by diffraction in the operationof the diffraction grating.
[1 mark 1
- 8 -
(c)
Draw diagramsshowing how two light wavesproduces(i) constructiveand (ii) destmctive interference.
[2 marks] (d)
A grating is illuminatedwith light consistingof two wavelengths,700 and 550. Calculatethe angularseparationof the third ordersof the wavelengthsgiven that the grating spacingis 4 x 10-6m.
[4 marks] Total L0 marks
GO ON TO TT{tr.Ntr,XT PAGE
-9\
(a)
A small bright source of light is located at the horizontal bottom of a swimming pool as shown in Figure 3.
Walls of pool
Lightsource
Figure 3 Light from thesourceis shownincidentat threepointsA, B andB'. Considera point of incidenceof B andB' andexplain (i)
what happensto the incidentlight asB movesawayfrom A towardsB'
[1 mark ] (ii)
what happens to the incidentlight at B' andbeyond
[2 marksJ
-10(iii)
J.
how doesthe intensiryof the light, as seenfrom the surface,vary acrossthe a)
top of the pool
[1 mark ] b)
bottom of the pool.
[1 mark ] (b)
The distanceof a stormcanbe estimatedby countingthe number of secondsbetween seeingthe flash of lightning and hearingthe sound of the thunder and dividing by three(3). The resriltgives the approximatedistanceof the storm away in kilometres. (Speedof soundin air = 300 m s-l). (i)
Show why this methodworks.
[3 marksJ (ii)
Stateany assumptions made.
[2 marksJ Total L0 marks GO ON TO T}IE NEXT PAGE
-116'
(a)
The equationfor the displacementof a body moving with simple harmonic motion is x = Asincot. (i)
What do the symbolsA androrepresent?
[2 marks] (ii)
Draw a graphshowinghow x varieswith time for the casein which the motion is damped.
[2 marksJ (b)
For a body executingsimpleharmonicrnotionthe equationis x=0.03sinnt wheredistancesandtimesarein metresandsecondsrespectively.At t = 1.75s,calculate the (i)
displacement
[2 marksl
-126.
(ii)
velocity
[2 marks] (iii)
acceleration.
[2 marks] Total L0 marks
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-137.
(a)
A studentusesthe apparatusshown in Figure 4 to find the specific latent heat of vaporizationof a liquid, B. The experimentwas repeated using a different rate of evaporationin order to eliminateheat losses.
Condenser
Cooling water
Liquid, B
Condensed Vapour
Figure 4
(i)
Statewhat quantities the student must measurein order to find the specific latent heat of vaporization of Liquid B.
[2 marksJ (i i)
Write down TWO equationsthatthe studentmustuseto representthe conseryation of energyfor the apparatusin Figure4.
[1 mark
(iii)
]
Show how the student must use the two equationswritten down in (a) (ii) above to arrive at a value for L.
[2 marks]
-t47.
(b)
A student performs this experiment to determine the specific latent heat of vaporization of water. When the student supplies 70 W of power, 30 g of water condenses. When the student supplies 80 W of power for the same time, 40 g of water condenses.
(i)
How long doesit taketo condensethe waterin EACH case?
[4 marksJ (i i)
The studentwishesto perform the sameexperimentin the sametime but using a liquid with a much higher specificlatentheatof vaporization.How mustthe studentadjustthe power supply?
[1 mark ] Total 10 marks
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-15-
8.
(a)
Figure 5 shows a lagged metal bar of uniforrn cross-sectional area, with heat being supplied at the end A.
Metal rod
Figure 5
(i)
Explain how the propertiesof the metal allows heatto be transfenedby conduction from End A to End B.
[2 marks] (ii)
How doesthe structureof a metal makeit a betterconductorthana gas?
[2 marks]
-16-
(iii)
8.
Sketch a graph on the axis below to show the variation of temperature, t against the distance AB along the rod after a steady state has been reached.
t cc)
. B
Distance(m) ll mark I (b)
Figure 6 shows a lagged metal rod of uniform cross-sectionalarea with heat being suppliedat End A. Th; rod is composedof two rods of equallengthl. This first rod is madeof aluminiumof thermalconductivity210Wm-l K-1. The secondrod is madeof copperof thermalconductiviry400 Wm-l K-l.
Figure 6 Assuming steady state conditions, (i)
comment on the rate of heat transfer in both the aluminium and the copper
[1 mark ] GO ON TO TI{F NF,XT PAGF,
- 1 7_ (ii)
sketchon the pair of axesbelow how the temperaturevaries with distancex acrossthe entire rod AC
[2 marks] (iii)
accountfor the shapeof the graphyou drew in (b) (ii) above.
[2 marks] Total 10 marks
/r/\
/\rY
mA
myr
lrrr-rr
hA
/aTl
_18_ 9.
(a)
Distinguishbetweenan empiricalscaleof temperatureandthermodynamictemperature scale.
[3 marks] (b)
Two bodiesare in thermalequilibrium. What doesthis statementmean?
[1 mark J (c)
Give ONE exampleof an empiricalscaleand outlinehow you would measurecentigrade temperatureson it.
[1 mark ] (d)
The elementof a resistancethermometer,R, has a mass of 15 g and specificheat capacity4.5 x 102J K-l kg-r. The elementwas immersedin O.+kg oi a liquid of specificheatcapacity3.4 * tO' J K-l kf l andthe equilibriumtemperaturewasfound to be 70 "C. (Roomtemperature= 25 " C) (i)
What was the initial temperatureof the liquid?
[2 marksJ
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- 1 99.
(ii)
StateTWO assumptionsyou made in answering(d) (i).
[2 marks] (iii)
How could the cooling effect of the thermometerbe reduced?
[1 mark ] Total 10 marks
END OF TEST