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Countering Contraband with Security Tools & K-9s
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DEATH PENALTY CLUSTERED IN MINORITY OF COUNTIES; THE TWO PERCENT’S SOLUTION Currently 32 states have the death penalty as an option, but since 1976—the year the death penalty was reinstated—the majority of cases (56%) that led to the death penalty have been clustered in only 2% of the nation’s counties. All executions conducted by states were from cases in just 15% of the nation’s counties. All inmates on death row as of January 1, 2013 came from just 20% of the nation’s counties. That means 80% of counties in the nation have no one on death row, and 85% of counties have not had a convict executed in over 45 years, yet they are still tasked with covering the costs. According to the BJS, in 2012, only nine states carried out an execution. Richard Dieter, executive director of the Death Penalty Information Center, which in October 2013
published the study “The 2% Death Penalty: How a Minority of Counties Produce Most Death Penalty Cases at Enormous Costs to All,” points out that the clustering is the result of a handful of district attorneys responsible only to the voters of their own counties, but the financial and moral burden falls on all counties. As Dieter notes, the D.A. makes the decisions, not the people of the state, and this results in quirky variations. Some D.A.s believe strongly in the death penalty and others do not, or they do not have the resources. Getting a capital conviction could take a county’s entire budget. This, says Dieter, shows dependence on individuals and not elections. For exam-
ALL INMATES ON DEATH ROW AS OF JANUARY 1, 2013 CAME FROM JUST 20% OF THE NATION’S COUNTIES. ple, only Harris County, Texas, elects their D.A., but the costs of an execution are shouldered by all since most of the costs are paid on a state level and most people live in counties that have not had an execution since 1976 and have little or no control over counties that use it aggressively. According to the Urban Institute, the gross cost of a single death sentence is $3 million over the course of the case, which is about three times the cost of a noncapital trial. Between 1973 and 2011, there were 8,300 death sentences. Based on those figures, taxpayers will be responsible for $25 billion in costs, and 85% of those counties have not had a single case that resulted in an execution. While socioeconomic status and race have long been considered factors in the arbitrary distribution of capital crime convictions, the study found that only when looking at the matter on a county level shows the significant role geography plays. One might think that those involved in so many capital cases would be quite proficient, but the study found the opposite to be true. Says Dieter, counties with the most executions also tend to have the most egregious violations. There is a strong correlation between “the prolific application of the death penalty” and the high percentage of cases being reversed on appeal. Harry Connick, Sr. was the D.A. of Orleans County, La., for 30 years. In his tenure, four death row inmates were exonerated due to prosecutorial misconduct. Harris County, Texas, the county that leads the nation in capital crime convictions, has a
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well documented history of racial injustice and flawed science. Almost half of Pennsylvania’s death row population comes from Philadelphia County, and, accord-
ing to a Philadelphia Inquirer study, 69 cases have been reversed as a result of inadequate representation. The sentences in almost all of those sentences were reduced
in retrial. Some defendants were completely acquitted. Maricopa County ranks fourth in the nation of number of inmates on death row. Maricopa County Attorney Andrew Thomas, at the height of his term, had deluged the courts with 149 death penalty cases, which was far more than the courts and the bar were prepared to handle. Thomas later resigned as County Attorney, and in 2012 he was disbarred by the Arizona Supreme Court for abuse of power (though not directly tied to his death row crusade). He has since announced his intention to run for governor in 2014. —Michael Grohs
JOB SEARCH SIMPLIFIED A kiosk that permits soon-to-bereleased inmates to search nearly 2 million local state and nationwide job listings was implemented in 2011 by the Texas Department of Criminal Justice and is an aid to reentry, says the DOC. It had been previously installed in 28 federal prisons starting in 2009. Called JOBview 2ndChance, the ATM-kiosks are prison ready, with no keyboard or connection to the Internet, and allow inmates to search through current job listings that are updated daily. Because staff often had the onus to find job listings for offenders, they had been faced with the need to bring handwritten listings or newspaper clippings for inmates to peruse for jobs, and “they are always out of date,” notes Ryan Solberg, vice president of the Minneapolis company which makes the kiosks. “This can provide something much closer to what they will actually see on the outside.” The devices 6 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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are used by correctional facilities, probation offices, halfway houses and other reentry locations to allow individuals returning to the community to search for current jobs, from secure or non-secure locations. The kiosks, which are installed in the school libraries in five of TDCJ’s state jail locations (including San Antonio and Dallas), give offenders a good idea how to get prepared for work on the outside. Bambi Kiser, TDCJ public information officer, says offenders are able to go to the school library (the Windham School District is the dedicated education department that works within TDCJ) to use the kiosk system to search available jobs, which are available by geo-
“WHEN [OFFENDERS] GET OUT THEY CAN HIT THE GROUND RUNNING.” —Ryan Solberg graphical location or by employment categories in which offenders have trained in school or other prison programs. Among these are carpentry-related jobs, automotive repair jobs, etc. The current listings give them a sense how out of date their skills may be, adds Solberg, and they can work toward what they need to do to become employable—perhaps they may need a GED or food service training for the job they covet. The offender, who can sign up to use the kiosk on library time, selects the city and type of job, and jobs are searched using a touch screen interface, controlling and limiting what the user can see and do. Company names, job descriptions, and job application requirements and instructions, can be printed directly from the kiosk to assist the user with later follow-up. They cannot actually apply for jobs until they are released. JOBview benefits the offender in a number of ways. They get a 30- to 90-day head start on their job search, and they have the opportunity to practice electronic job-searching, a technology they commonly encounter upon release, says the firm. Says one user from TDCJ’s Dominguez State Jail: "I have previous experience as a grill cook and would like to work at a restaurant chain when I get out. Through JOBview, I learned that I would have to send this restaurant chain a resume to be considered for 8 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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Texas Dept. of Criminal Justice users can peruse nearly 2 million job listings by city or job type on the JOBview 2ndChance kiosk. the job.” The kiosks, which are leased, also free staff from the time-consuming activity of finding and printing out job listings. JOBview is self-service and requires no training because its user interface is self explanatory, says the vendor. WSD promotes use of the kiosks through information in TDCJ’s offender newspaper, The ECHO; through an online link for releasees and family members using the WSD website, and through communications with offender family groups, describes Kiser. Family members are also encouraged to use the JobView link on the WSD web site (wsdtx.org) to search for job opportunities for their loved ones. In addition to the kiosk version, the Jobview service can be installed on a wide variety of workstations in a public service facility such as a Workforce Center or Community College where users have the ability to apply to the job. WSD administration is pleased with offender response to the kiosks and the growing use officials believe is taking place, says Kiser. “JobView is a valuable tool offenders can use to secure viable employment for life after release from prison. Once employed, offenders are less likely to recidivate and return to prison, preventing future victimizations and saving tax dollars.” It's a positive experience, where so much behind bars is negative, furthers Solberg. “When [offenders] get out they can hit the ground running and are much better prepared to navigate on their own.” —Donna Rogers 10 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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BY MICHAEL GROHS, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
In prison, contraband can mean life or death. Weapons can be used for assaults or suicides, illicit drugs can lead to overdoses and a dangerous black market, and cell phones can be used to intimidate witnesses, plan escapes, plot crimes and, of course, be used to import more contraband. Cell phones are only a part of the problem, too. Dana Simas, spokesperson at 12 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
the California Department of Corrections and Rehabilitation points out that all contraband is a problem, and that it is mainly created by the tie between street and prison gangs. It enters the facility in an infinite number of ways. Low-level offenders who can work might pick up a drop, even around a secure perimeter. In fact, John Scarperia, owner of New Jersey-based TexNet, states
that facilities are taking notice of the increased use of netting and more are inquiring about netting placed either around the entire facility or focusing on certain prone areas, such as those near woods. Due to issues, Mississippi Department of Corrections (MDOC) has had to install a mile of 40-foot-high netting at vulnerable spots at the Central Mississippi Correctional Facility.
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It’s long been known too that contraband is imported by staff and visitors. Simas furthers that multiple people are arrested each weekend for introducing contraband into a facility. Tobacco, drugs, weapons and cell phones all make their way into prisons on a regular basis. She notes that with 65,000 employees who have contact with inmates, there are bound to be a few bad apples. (In a stunning saga worthy of its own HBO series, as of November 2013, 27 correctional officers at the Baltimore City Detention Center have been indicted on federal racketeering and conspiracy charges. Federal investigators believe that at least half of the officers at the facility helped inmates smuggle contraband into the center.) In less than a decade, cell phone seizures have exploded, becoming one of the biggest problems corrections officials face. According to the CDCR, in 2007 there were 1,400 seizures. In 2013 there were 12,151. In the first three months of 2014 alone, 2,809 cell phones have been seized in California correctional facilities and conservation camps. In 2011, Governor Brown signed into law a bill (SB 26) that makes cell phone smuggling into correctional facilities a misdemeanor punishable by six months in jail and a $5,000 fine for each device. One device called Cellsense, manufactured by Metrasens, a U.K.- and U.S.-based organization founded by three Ph.D level scientists with backgrounds dedicated completely to detection, can detect phones whether they are turned on or off, whether they are whole or in pieces, and even if they are hidden in a human body cavity. It can detect 40 inmates per minute as they walk at a regular pace, and it can be hidden behind a wall so the inmates will not know they are being searched. It can also detect other items of interest to officers such as weapons, tattoo guns, lighters and other forms of potential weapons. In one
MicroSearch detects unauthorized individuals hiding in vehicles or containers by sensing the vibrations caused by the human heartbeat; the technology is said to be more costeffective and safer and faster than manual searches.
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instance, upon adoption of the use of Cellsense in North Carolina, the devices found 60 phones on the very first search. Clearly, though, the war on cell phones in prisons is similar to the war on drugs. There is no way to completely stop the tide, so the CDCR is fighting technology with technology. Employees from the CDCR, the Federal Communications Commission (FCC) and the California Technology Agency traveled to a
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facility in Mississippi that had implemented a Managed Access System to test the potential for establishing a similar one in California facilities. (In Mississippi, 26,000 text messages were intercepted in the first few days.) With this technology, says Simas, employees can open an umbrella of coverage around a certain area to block all calls, Internet use, text messaging, etc. The technology, according to the CDCR, “utilizes the International Mobile Equipment Identity (IMEI), cellular phone number, mobile device hardware ID, and electronic serial number (ESN) to accomplish these functions.” It is currently being installed in the 16th prison in the state, and the CDCR expects it to be in use in all facilities by sometime in 2014. The technology differs from cell phone jamming, which the CDCR’s website stresses is not the solution to inmate cell phone use. For one, Managed Access has FCC approval and cell phone jamming does not. Jamming, in fact, is illegal under federal law. (The Communications Act does not allow the use of jamming devices by non-federal entities, and the FCC cannot waive this provision without an act of Congress.) There is also the matter of jamming technology interfering with 911 and public safety communications. The contract, which was awarded to Global Tel*Link in 2012 was implemented at no charge to taxpayers.
Ostensibly Innocuous When it comes to contraband, nothing is as it seems. Scarperia recalls an incident in which a green soccer ball appeared on a field where only black and white balls were used. The green ball was filled with a cell phone, marijuana and tobacco. Simple devices that seem innocuous can be turned into dangerous weapons, which in turn can lead to a huge liability for the facility. Naturally metal is of particular 14 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
concern. Presumably all, or at least the majority, of facilities require visitors and incoming inmates to pass through a metal detector, but that might not be enough. Strip searches, a longtime Constitutional debate, are being revolutionized. Devices such as the BOSS (Body Orifice Security Scanner) can detect metal concealed inside five primary detection zones in the human body. When the contraband is not metal, other methods of revealing it, such as Smiths Detection’s BScan, are available. In April 2014, the CDCR adopted the use of Electronic Drug Detection Equipment (ion scanners), a noninvasive measure that can test for a range of narcotics and detect the presence on hands, clothing, mail and other items within seconds. Those controversial full body scanners (FBS) once used in airports are now being used in some correctional facilities. Collier County, Florida, adopted the use of one in 2011 as well as several facilities in Michigan. (According to the TSA, there are two types of FBSs, and airports are generally using the ones leaving the most privacy to passengers, thus leaving the more invasive scanners—the ones most desirable for correctional use—up for sale.) While the $160,000 price tag may be of concern, Dar Leaf, the Barry County Sherriff says that they were able to acquire one for $7,500 after help from the county’s insurance provider. Livingston County, N.Y., has five. All five were purchased for $15,000 because of a Federal Surplus Program.
inmates per minute in a single walk-by. Cellsense also detects other contraband such as knives, blades, and lighters. www.cellsensegroup.com, 630.541.6509, sales@cellsensegroup.com
In a heartbeat MicroSearch is a one-of-a-kind security inspection system that offers fast, accurate, and costeffective human presence detection for vehicles entering or exiting a correctional facility or
secure area. It detects unauthorized individuals hiding in vehicles or containers by sensing the vibrations caused by the human heartbeat, eliminating the timeconsuming and expensive task of unloading and inspecting the entire vehicle or container. www.ensco.com/microsearch, 1.800.ENSCOVA, Laudeman.todd@ensco.com
X-ray inspection system The Autoclear 6040 X-ray system is ideal for screening personal items, mail and cell mattresses
Contraband Busters Concealed screener Cellsense is the highly portable and efficient detector of all cell phones, even those switched off or concealed in a body cavity. Faster than a hand wand, Cellsense screens up to 40 VISIT US AT WWW.CORRECTIONSFORUM.NET
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for weapons, narcotics and other contraband. High resolution imaging and advanced image enhancement features let you quickly locate SIM cards, handcuff keys, blades and more. Its small footprint easily fits in tight spaces or through standard doorways for mobile screening applications within your facility. www.a-clear.com, 973.276.6000, info@aclear.com
tions from head to toe on the left, center, and right sides of the body. www.garrett.com, 1.800.234.6151, security@garrett.com
Infrared full-body scanner The Iscon 1000D Portal provides quick full-body scans ideal for the diverse requirements of correction facilities. Iscon's patented infrared technology produces visual images of all types of
concealed contraband (plastics, metals, powders, wood, ceramics, liquids, capsules etc.). This automated system is radiation-free, so prisoners, visitors, and personnel are safe from harmful rays. www.isconimaging.com, info@isconimaging.com or sales@isconimaging.com
Mini infrared scanner The Iscon Mini Portal is a semi-automated body scanner that uses patented infrared tech-
The Garrett PD-6500i walkthrough metal detector indicates whether multiple targets are located on the left, right or center of the body as well as vertical location.
Multi-target detector The Garrett PD-6500i walkthrough metal detector includes more than 20 application programs, including specialized weapons detection programs for prisons designed to detect all metals. The PD-6500i provides uniform detection while accurately pinpointing multiple target locaVISIT US AT WWW.CORRECTIONSFORUM.NET
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Continues on page 49
Sniffing Out Contraband Last year the world saw that prisoners in Brazil and Statewide Canine Coordinator), and since many of the Russia have been using cats to get cell phones into Belgian Malinois are donated, the only real cost has prisons. In the U.S. they use dogs to get them out. been the time staff spends training them. Dogs are a profoundly effective tool in finding prodLamb stresses how important dogs can be in the ucts inmates are not supposed to have. They can find war on contraband. “Dogs are proficient at detecting tobacco, drugs and cell phones. They can find items residual odors and residue; they can alert on odors five that are high above their heads, behind light fixtures to six feet underground and six to eight feet high.” in the wall, contraband that is With that said, though, masked by other odors such as because odors can seep coffee and deodorant, and through wall seams, vents, air even items under water. Harlan conditioning etc., he furthers “Lamb” Lambert is the owner that the dogs can detect odors of Fullerton, Calif.-based All in a room, but not necessarily States K9 Detection and Dog alert the handler to a specific Training, and notes that cerlocation. tain traits in certain breeds One aspect of the war on make for good detection dogs. contraband is the use of illicit German Shepherds have been cell phones by inmates. One bred for the work. Belgian impressive aspect of canines is Malinois have agility and the their ability to detect those ability to work long hours. phones. Says Lamb, “The cell Labrador and Golden phone is made up of five Retrievers are reliable, have major components, and it’s been proven to perform well believed from field experts in and are people friendly. Europe and the U.S. there are Dana Simas, spokesperson eighteen to twenty distinct at the California Department of odors given off by mobile Corrections and Rehabilitation, handsets. A well-trained detecpoints out some ways the tion K9 can find the odor of CDCR uses Belgian Malinois cell phones, for example, as a and Labrador Retrievers in the unit as well as individual comfight against contraband. ponents such as a SIM card.” Canine searches are conducted There are certain traits hanat different institutions around dlers look for in their canine Harlan “Lamb” Lambert, a private trainer, has been the state on a random basis. In counterpart: the breed, attribtraining detection dogs for law enforcement since addition, the canine units also utes such as agility, play drive, 1972, for drug detection since 1986, and cell phone provide support for the the desire to find its target and tobacco detection since 2007. CDCR’s Division of Adult and, naturally, the cost, which Parole’s Parolee Apprehension can be significant. They can Teams as well as local law enforcement. In one case in run from $7,000 to $10,000 for a single odor detectwhich CDCR assisted the Calaveras County Sheriff’s ing dog or $12,000 to $18,000 for a dual-purpose Office in the service of a search warrant on a residog. The cost is also contingent upon who supplies dence, a dog named Drako alerted the handling offithe dog. He adds that a certified evaluator and trainer, cer to a hidden room behind a closet in which they such as himself, cannot certify the dogs that he has found a cache of arms, 20 pounds of marijuana and trained. 12 grams of methamphetamine. Even with many technologies at the disposal of corCurrently the CDCR uses 36 dogs in the war on rections agencies, canines are here to stay and they are contraband but, says Simas, there is a big push to get being trained to find a variety of items, a few that may that number increased, and they are doing so at minibe a bit surprising. So what have people been asking mal cost. Asset forfeiture is being used to train more. for in Lamb’s detection dogs recently? Ones that can At CDCR, the training is done by a sergeant (the detect bed bugs and shark fins. —M. Grohs 16 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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BY JENNIFER GINN
STATES ARE STRUGGLING WITH NEW QUESTIONS AS THE INMATE POPULATION AGES. AS AMERICA’S BABY BOOMERS CONTINUE TO AGE, THE JUSTICE SYSTEM IS HAVING TO CHANGE TO MEET THE NEEDS OF A VERY DIFFERENT KIND OF PRISONER. “We are in fact moving toward a geriatric justice system, whether we want to formally call it that or not,” said Ronald Aday, a professor of sociology and anthropology at Tennessee State University who studies gerontology and prisons. He was one of the featured speakers for a recent CSG South webinar “Aging Inmates: The Continual ‘Graying’ of America’s Prisons.” 18 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
“In a given year now, we have about 900,000 people age 50 and older that are arrested and a significantly larger number age 45 to 50,” Aday said. “That’s the baby boomer population. About 20 percent of those are committing felonies. As you’re looking at that new elderly offender…we’re going to see more and more of those people coming in.” Aday said those older new offenders are adding to the pressure prisons are facing with more inmates serving longer sentences who are becoming senior citizens behind bars. In the 1970s, he said, only 3,000 inmates throughout the country were older than 50. In
1991, that number rose to about 33,000 and increased to more than 113,0000 just 10 years later. “Between 2001 and today, we’ve gone from 113,000 to 250,000 over age 50,” he said. “You can just see the dramatic increase. Now, about 16 percent of our state [inmate] populations are inmates 50 and over.” Researchers and corrections officials define inmates as seniors when they reach 50 to 55, Aday said, because the stress of life behind bars typically adds 10 years to a person’s age. Dr. Donald Sutmiller, chief medical officer for the Oklahoma State Department of Corrections,
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said the story is much the same in his state. In 1980, he said, about 1,700 people were incarcerated in Oklahoma and about 5 percent of them were older than 50. By 1994, the total number of inmates had grown to 13,700 people with 6 percent of them older than 50. “Currently, we have about 26,000 [inmates],” said Sutmiller, “4,223 are over 50. That amounts to about 17 percent of our population. Of those, about 220 at any one time are confined to a wheelchair.” Sutmiller said the state recently analyzed the ages and sentences of inmates in the prison system. Of the more than 4,000 inmates who are 50 or over, almost 2,000 of them are “serving very long sentences. “They estimate or project of these offenders over age 50, on average, they will have at least 19 years left to serve,” Sutmiller said. “I just think that’s remarkable. It shows that even though we have
17 percent now who are over 50, our offender patients are going to be getting older and older and older while they’re in our care.” Aday said states need to be thinking about making prisons accessible for inmates in wheelchairs or with walkers, what kinds of social programs geriatric inmates need, how to handle inmates with dementia and whether senior inmates should be segregated into special units. “We have to think about the prison culture itself, looking at how we can encourage healthy aging among our inmates,” Aday said. Aday said the True Grit program at the Northern Nevada Correctional Center is drawing national attention as a cost-effective program for states. Inmates are screened for their willingness to follow through with the program’s guidelines, like wearing a uniform and participating in therapeutic activities for both physical and emotional well-being. “It’s cost effective as the pro-
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gram uses entirely outside volunteers,” he said. “There’s been no (state) money whatsoever that’s been dedicated to this program for 160 inmates.… We know there’s fewer days in medical (care for inmates). They’ve documented a tremendous reduction…in drug consumption, with almost none of the inmates now on any kind of mood-elevating pills for depression.” Sutmiller said Oklahoma has looked at a variety of methods to help handle its increasing senior population. Compassionate release or early parole can be used for sick inmates who are at little risk of reoffending. Since 2008, Oklahoma has considered 270 offenders for compassionate release and granted parole for 80 of them. Oklahoma corrections officials now are looking at Medicaid as possible being a way to help pay for inmate care. “We did a survey in 2013 and we took Medicaid criteria for nursing home admission and we found
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67 offenders who we thought would immediately qualify for nursing home placement,” Sutmiller said. “Would it be to our benefit to be able to place those 67 offenders in a nursing home and to utilize Medicaid to help pay for their care? Medicaid in Oklahoma would pay for about two-thirds of nursing home care and (the Department of Corrections) would pick up one-third of the cost. When you do the math, it looks like it probably would not be a bad strategy for Oklahoma.” While releasing prisoners to nursing homes may be a good move for Oklahoma, finding a home that will take those offenders is another matter.
“Certainly sex offenders are probably the most difficult to place,” Sutmiller said. “Honestly, we’ve had to go out of state at times to be able to find a nursing home. Oftentimes we can find placement, but it just requires heroic efforts to do so. “I don’t know that we will build a DOC nursing home in Oklahoma, but I believe if someone did, that if they built it, they would come. Even if it was in a different state, if we could discharge offenders— particularly sex offenders—to nursing homes that would accept the offender, I think people would just break down their doors trying to get people discharged there.” Jennifer Ginn is the CSG Associate Editor. "Reprinted with permission of The Council of State Governments. This article originally appeared in The Council of State Governments’ Capitol Ideas E-Newsletter, Issue No. 116, June 16, 2013. See http://www.csg.org/pubs/capitolideas/enews/issue116_1.aspx 20 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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BY DONNA ROGERS, EDITOR-IN-CHIEF
Super effective electronic systems track inmates, inventory, and other services, and automate all regular maintenance on the building.
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O
perating a jail or prison in shipshape order not only keeps security foremost but it also keeps the atmosphere calm and the costs down. Two such systems, an infrared inmate tracking system and a computerized maintenance management system, have aided two jails with effective tracking of inmates, inventory, and maintenance of their building, infrastructure and equipment. The Jefferson County Jail in Hillsboro, Mo., has issued all of its approximately 280 inmates a bracelet which contains the wearer’s photo and a bar code with booking information. While it tracks the offender’s whereabouts, it also monitors whether the inmate had meals, medical attention, met with a visitor or received commissary items. The system was implemented this past March. While it cost the county $75,000, it's expected to save taxpayer funds over the long run by not permitting inmates to continuously claim they need hygiene items often used to barter or claiming they did not receive necessary medical attention they’ve requested. Jail officials believe the new technology, which works with radio frequency identification (RFID) and mobile computing, will save them liability costs down the road. The GUARDIAN RFID Corrections System from Codex Corp. is an integrated inmate management system that automates and streamlines a wide range of documentation and reporting processes, while delivering real-time operational visibility to strengthen compliance with jail standards, legal defensibility, and productivity. Each time an offender walks through a checkpoint or receives a meal his wristband can be scanned and time stamped and the data sent via wi-fi to the Jail Management Records system, allowing for more accountability than ever before. “Security and safety are first 24 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
A corrections officer scans the wristband of an inmate with the Guardian RFID Corrections System, which in addition to taking regular headcounts can help verify that officers checked on suicide watch inmates.
and foremost,” explains Captain Ron Arnhart, support services commander with the Jefferson County Sheriff's Office. “But Guardian opened our eyes to how tracking inventory can save tax payers money.” In fact all items are monitored by the system. “We’ve had inmates ask the day shift for a bottle of shampoo and then ask again with the night shift,” explains Lt. Kevin Carle, jail commander. “We didn’t have a good way of keeping track of items, and we were handing out a lot of inventory we didn’t need to. There was a lot of stuff in the pods that wasn’t necessary—and
they were using it for bargaining materials.” Likewise, they had offenders jumping back in the line for meals, and they could wind up being a few meals short. “Now if the inmate claims they didn’t get their food,” furthers Lt. Carle, “we can check [the scan] and security cameras. It’s pretty fool proof—there’s evidence we gave you your chow.” Everything is recorded, Carle continues, “blankets, personal hygiene items, medication— everything.” That also helps with the safety aspect, adds Cpt. Arnhart, “when we do a razor pass, and 18 razors are distributed
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The effective set-up of the CMMS in Mohave County Jail means preventive maintenance is always performed.
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we know which ones we need to get them back from.” Trying to overcome false grievances filed by inmates is probably one of the biggest sources of time wasted by staff. The jail has many grievances filed for visits that were cut short, details Lt. Carle. Because the system date and time stamps the visits in the inmate’s record, it will show and record if they had their 30 minute visit or if it was cut short, confirming any false accusations. It’s helped a lot in disclaiming false grievances. “Where before, we had to hand search paper logs for information, now it's a computerized system,” says Arnhart, and we can quickly verify whether the grievance is true or false. In addition, for medical beds and suicide watches it’s easy to see the positive implications the system has. “It documents the suicide cells— because in past all was done with handwritten logs,” comments Lt. Carle, “let’s say there was potential there for fail-
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ure to hard document when you did or didn't check.” Now, the officer has to observe the person and click on the RFID chip next to the cell at set intervals, he notes, which will be a definite help in lowering future civil litigation—and can possibly save a life as well. While the Guardian system is another tool that gives us check and balances for procedures we already have in place, says Arnhart, there are some challenges in working the new system. The vendor is working closely with the county IT staff to ensure the wi-fi is working amid all the concrete and steel in the 20-year-old jail (built at a time when a more closed layout was common). Carle furthers that they’ve found dead spots—near poles, out in the rec yard, etc.— and already made big improvements in those areas. “It doesn't affect safety—just getting the data downloaded (when the scanner is cradled it downloads auto-
matically). Overall, the capital outlay should be an investment into the future, they say. It will avert potential future litigation, Carle reiterates, “And save lives, really that’s the most important.
CMMS: backbone of a maintenance system The backbone of an effective facility maintenance program is a well-implemented Computerized Maintenance Management System (CMMS). A CMMS generates work schedules, helps manage parts procurement and inventory, provides warranty data, and generates system reports when the system is set up the right way. Mohave County, Ariz., opened a new 242,000-square-foot jail with 688 beds in October 2010. The Kingman facility near the western border of the state was
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A CMMS provides a facility maintenance team with recommended preventive maintenance schedules and a system for issuing and tracking all maintenance tasks. originally planned with a maintenance program included in the cost of development. When the contracting situation changed before construction was completed, the county was faced with paying for the care of the new building on their own—without the necessary manpower or systems in place. To protect their investment and to provide proper maintenance of the building, Mohave County contracted in early 2010 with CGL Facility Management, a global company that specializes justice and public facility planning, design, program management, and facility maintenance. CGL worked closely with the county to implement a maintenance program well before the jail was populated with inmates. The first task taken on by the maintenance contractor was CMMS implementation. CGL needed to accomplish three things to get the program started correctly: inventory the entire facility, enter the building data into the CMMS database, and teach Mohave County staff how to use the CMMS. 30 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
The planning company placed personnel in the jail 90 days before the opening date to properly implement the maintenance system. CGL technicians inspected and bar code tagged every piece of equipment. This inventory of the new jail provided data for the CMMS, provided a basis for the equipment history, and established the building’s warranty condition. CGL worked closely with the construction contractor and architect to make sure every space in the building was inspected.
Scheduling maintenance Then CMMS data technicians took the collected data and populated the database. The gathered information provided the facility maintenance team with recommended preventive maintenance schedules and a system for issuing and tracking all maintenance tasks. The thorough data entry process ensured that all the building information was in place so maintenance technicians could immediately begin taking care of
the jail. The four on-site maintenance technicians conducted training classes for all Mohave County Sheriff’s Office personnel responsible for entering or tracking maintenance needs. Their training included entering work orders and prioritizing work orders to make certain the jail’s operations were not interrupted by maintenance issues. In 2013, the Mohave County Jail’s CMMS processed 6,266 work orders. Because of the effective implementation of the CMMS, CGL was able to respond to every work order with an average completion time of less than 30 minutes. The effective set-up of the CMMS in Mohave County means preventive maintenance is always performed, all jail equipment is reliable, the building’s life is extended, and the jail’s operations are essentially never interrupted by maintenance issues. For further information visit: Guardian at www.codexcorp.com or http://guardianrfid.com or CGL at www.cglcompanies.com.
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FACT:
For over 15 years, in hundreds of jails, prisons and detention centers throughout the United States, the Patented Access Control System has been used to protect personnel from violent inmate assaults, while saving administrators money by lowering budget expenditures. Administrators will experience savings through: 1. Reduced overtime costs due to replacement of injured staff. 2. Reduced costs in medical treatment for staff and inmates. 3. Reduced costs in defending frivolous lawsuits initiated by inmates claiming injuries or rights violations against staff, administration, and municipalities. 4. Reduced costs in expensive investigations of assault incidents. Inmates take advantage of security weaknesses, especially those inherent in standard food passage openings, by attacking personnel with hazardous bodily fluids and chemicals. There is also the potential for brutal physical assaults that can cause serious injuries to the personnel required to interact with the inmate.
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By replacing these antiquated food passage openings with the Patented Access Control System, serious injuries and dangerous scenarios can be avoided. The Patented Access Control System can easily be retrofitted to most existing cell door food passage openings. Administrators with budget concerns, will be pleased to learn that the Patented Access Control System helps pay for itself. By preventing just one inmate assault on staff the Patented Access Control System will save administrators thousands of dollars in overtime, medical treatment, investigations and inmate lawsuits. With over a 50-year service life, the Patented Access Control System saves administrators hundreds of thousands of dollars while creating a safer work environment for personnel. That’s a win-win situation for both administrators and correctional personnel! The Patented Access Control System is the best investment you’ll ever make for Safety, Security and Savings!
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BY BILL SCHIFFNER, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Going Hi-tech in Texas Corrections delegates convene in Austin for annual Texas Jail Association Conference
Sheriffs and other corrections personnel from across the state of Texas recently met in Austin for the 28th Annual Texas Jail Association (TJA) Conference, held May 1216th at the Renaissance Austin Hotel. “This year’s TJA Conference featured a wide variety of workshops and sessions,” commented Sharese Hurst, executive director, TJA, and project manager, Correctional Management Institute of Texas. “One of the hot buttons for 2014 that we addressed in our program was a session dealing with inmates with mental health issues and, in particular, women, which is a growing demographic throughout the state.” She reported that other key session topics included report writing, objective jail classification, inmate drug use, medical issues for small jails plus a Prison Rape Elimination Act (PREA) 32 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
Q&A panel discussion. “Our PREA panel provided informative dialogue among attendees. In addition, the Renaissance Austin Hotel also afforded our members from around state a chance to network and share ideas.” Hurst added that new technologies were on display in the exhibit hall with video visitation systems and tablet personal detention assistants generating a lot of interest. Over 100 companies were on the exhibit floor showcasing the latest in high-tech solutions and services for the corrections industry. Here’s a sampling of some of the products and services:
PERSONAL DETENTION ASSISTANTS Black Creek added Apple devices into its line of Personal Detention Assistants. Black Creek’s Shift Log and Watch Tour Manager Applications run on Apple’s iPad Mini and iPod,
which feature MIL-STD 810G, survivor cases. Officers can document and record watch tours by scanning barcodes installed at pre-determined locations throughout the facility. They can
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also enter data into Black Creek’s computerized, facility shift log. In addition, the integrated camera allows still images and videos to be captured and attached to watch tour and shift log entries. www.blackcreekisc.com, 205.949.9900
INTAKE KIOSK TouchPay Holdings successfully deployed an enhanced version of their Intake Kiosk, which is utilized by correctional facilities to electronically count coins and cash notes in bulk of arrestees during the booking process. TouchPay’s Intake Kiosk auto-
mates offender booking deposits by counting both coins and cash notes in bulk. This relieves facility personnel from manually counting incoming coins and cash. All kiosk installation, training, reporting, maintenance, support, and cash pick-up services are provided to facilities at no cost. www.touchpaydirect.com, 1.866.204.1603
which populations to prioritize for internal programming needs based on available programming capacity in the facility. www.northpointeinc.com, 1.888.221.4615
ONLINE VISITATION SOLUTION iWebVisit.com is reported to be a preferred solution for today’s inmate housing facility visitation needs. Using cutting-edge video compression technology and a customized platform designed specifically for incarceration facilities, iWebVisit.com offers an Internet-based remote video visitation system that can significantly reduce overhead, allow facilities to optimize staffing requirements, and streamline the visitation process. By making video conferencing available to inmate’s friends and family members, the number of in-person visitors you currently process will decrease significantly and so will contraband issues. http://www.iwebvisit.com, 256.566.1528
tion surrounding the use of floss in the correctional environment. The flossers come in clear packs of 25, 20 packs per case of 500. www.oraline.net, 1.888.296.6730
COMPREHENSIVE HEALTHCARE SERVICES For more than two decades, NaphCare has been managing a full range of healthcare programs for correctional facilities that range from comprehensive
healthcare, on-site dialysis, offsite management, in house pharmacy and an EHR operational system created specifically for corrections throughout the country. Providing quality, proactive care through creative solutions and state-of-the-art technology for the delivery of budget conscious correctional healthcare is NaphCare’s approach to meeting the needs of their clients. www.naphcare.com, 1.800.834.2420
SECURE ORAL HEALTH
AFFORDABLE TRANSLATING DEVICE
Oraline rolled out a new secure flosser #30201 designed in coor-
With the new P.R.E.A. standards, facilities are no longer
SOFTWARE TOOLS Northpointe introduced its two newest software tools: Jail Population Modeling (JPM) and Program Capacity Modeling (PCM). Both tools help administrators make better informed decisions regarding strategies for supervising the inmate population; evaluating the impact of policy decisions on future jail populations and, determining 34 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
dination with staff from the Los Angeles County Sheriff’s Dept. Made flexible with a non-threatening U shape design, the new flosser will enable facilities to address the ever-growing litigaVISIT US AT WWW.CORRECTIONSFORUM.NET
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allowed to use inmates as translators. Bob Barker is now offering an affordable and mobile translating device to make communicating as easy as clicking one button. The ELSA product instantly puts you into contact with translators that speak over 180 different languages. Having the unit could be the deciding factor in the outcome of a very difficult situation, says the vendor. Being able to communicate with all parties is a great way to help maintain safety and order inside your facility. www.bobbarker.com, 1.800.334.9880
the USB Downloader, provides a wide variety of reports, e-mail scheduled reports and export data to Excel, PDF, XML, HTML. http://www.guard1.com, 1.800.THE.PIPE
CASE MANAGEMENT SOLUTIONS CONTRACT AMCAD announced that it and the Jim Wells County in Alice, Texas, entered into a contract for AMCAD to provide a comprehensive case management solution to the county, comprised of AMCAD integrated Case Management
PEPPER POWDER PISTOL
COMMITMENT TO PATIENT CARE
The PepperBall TMP pistol, when combined with the SplitShot attachment, provides correctional and jail officers with the ability to propel an enveloping
cloud of PAVA powder out to 20 feet. It is ideal in situations where no kinetic impact is desired as the Split Shot turns the TMP into a muzzle blast device. The Split Shot can be quickly removed so regular PepperBall projectiles can be fired as needed. www.pepperball.com, 1.877.887.3773
CLIENT/SERVER REPORTING SYSTEM Guard1 Plus Server Edition is the client/server version of their popular Guard1 Plus application. It has the same easy-to-use user interface as Guard1 Plus. It supports The PIPE and other Guard1 Plus hardware. It features data transfer via LAN or WAN from 36 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
video visitation system at the Dona Ana County Detention Center in New Mexico. www.legacyinmate.com, 1.877.553.4440
System (AiCMS), AMCAD integrated Jail Management System (AiJMS), its Rapid Online Access Method System (ROAM) and its ACCEPT e-Commerce systems. The software developer’s solutions will integrate the entire justice and public safety departments in the county including sheriff’s operations including the jail, computer aided dispatch and records management and district and county attorney offices. www.amcad.com, 1.866.793.6505
HOME VIDEO VISITATION Online video visitation allows inmates’ family and friends to visit inmates via personal, secure Internet video conferencing from the comfort of their homes. The service is similar to standard video conferencing programs used by the public, but it is specially designed for the correctional environment, with secure video monitoring, pre-scheduled visit time allocations and the ability for the Detention Facility to easily store, recall and review individual visits. Legacy recently installed its newly minted remote
As a leader in correctional healthcare, Corizon provides client partners with high quality healthcare at an affordable cost. Through their mission to become “employer of choice,” they make
it a priority to attract and retain a talented, dedicated workforce whose commitment to patient care enables them to exceed client expectations. www.corizonhealth.com, 1.800.729.0069
CORRECTIONAL OFFICER MEMORIAL FUND In the effort to support the Corrections Industry, Securus Technologies has launched the nationwide Correctional Officer Memorial Fund (COMF). This fund will provide financial assis-
tance to grieving families of non-administrative, correctional officers who have fallen while on duty at any of its customer facilities. https://securustech.net/correctionalstaff, 1.877.578.3658
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BY G.F. GUERCIO, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Video Advancements Tighten Security
In the case of a disturbance or a riot, digital IP video surveillance offers streaming on the go, sharper image definition, and higher capacity network storage.
At
the present time, video security systems put into place in facilities even 10 years ago are routinely aging. The analog systems that served their time can be replaced without difficulty and in stages to limit bulk costs. The advantages to new systems are numerous and include important features such as increased clarity and minimized storage. Options that provide further advantages exist in portable video units for hard-to-reach or one-time use incidents, as well as wearable units that provide another layer of personnel safety and security. Converting a facility from analog to digital video capabilities can be easily managed, according to David Raske, director of Marketing
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and Business Development, Video Surveillance.com. “The process of installing and setting up an IP (internet protocol) video surveillance systems is easy. Many IP cameras are designed to use a normal Ethernet cord to provide both power and network access for sending and receiving data, making the installation easier than older analog cameras,” he says. And “because the system parts— cameras, NVR, video management software—are all connected through your private network, you can quickly connect to and monitor the system.” Raske explains how the transition from analog to digital IP video surveillance can be done over time, making the transition easy to manage and affordable. “Using special hybrid NVRs
designed to handle both analog and IP cameras, or video encoders, you can replace older analog cameras as needed or install new IP cameras without replacing all your old equipment at once. This allows the facility to use equipment that is still working, and integrate the new equipment during their normal expansion into new buildings or rooms.”
IP Video Yields Advanced Features As for the advantages, Raske says, “IP video surveillance systems give you access to the most advanced camera features and extreme flexibility in growing the
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Sheriff Herzet and Coby Hayes of the installation company 4PC check the Honeywell digital system security monitors at the Butler County Detention Facility.
system as your security needs change. IP cameras and management software is available with a variety of features including facial recognition, motion activation and tracking, and remote access and management,” he notes. “IP cameras are also available with high definition resolution and megapixel resolution, allowing you to record clear video even when there is a lot of action or movement happening. Because IP camera systems use your network to connect and send data, you can easily install a new camera and connect it to your system without the need for complicated and expensive electrical work.” Many correctional facilities are still equipped with analog video cameras, concurs Sharon Lewis, creative director and web master, Black Creek Integrated Systems. “Configurable to each specific 40 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
facility, we have upgraded existing analog systems to digital. We have accomplished this through either converting the existing analog signal to digital, replacing the analog cameras with new digital models, or through a combination of the two methods. Digital conversion gives the facility the ability to record footage on network video recorders and provides them with the ability to manage that data over their network.” The difficulty transitioning from analog is negligible when compared to the benefits of going digital, Lewis contends. She explains that Black Creek replaces the analog cable with CAT6 digital cabling or routes the existing analog cable into head-end equipment to achieve video digitization. The flexibility of keeping existing analog cameras along with adding newer digital models
can provide cost savings, she adds. “While this hybrid solution will not provide an increase in image quality in regard to analog cameras, it will afford correctional facilities the benefits of digital technology.”
Streaming Freely In addition to being able store footage on NVRs and manage video information over the network, digitization of video removes constraints associated with analog video systems, says Lewis. For instance, digital footage can be streamed across the network to any workstation anywhere in the facility—it is not tethered to any particular workstation. “Something particularly exciting that we are offering to correctional facilities is the ability to stream that footage to mobile devices. The Black Creek Personal Detention Assistant (PDA) and
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iPad App allows officers to view real-time CCTV footage from any camera, anywhere in the detention center. As you might imagine, this provides unparalleled security that could not be realized without digital technology.” Concerning the physical aspect of the conversion process, Lewis explains digital video technology uses CAT6 cabling—there is no separate power cable needed because the power and video are relayed through a single cable with the use of a power over Ethernet (POE) switch. And due to its physical size, Lewis says a final advantage to digital video technology is the compact, spacesaving design of the network video recorders. “An NVR recorder can process at least 16 times more than the traditional analog recorders in a much smaller space,” she says. Though the technology is relatively new to the corrections industry it is quickly becoming popular due in part to the HD cameras’ enhanced picture quality, Lewis notes, and when paired with the recording capabilities of network recorders, a facility can record high-definition video footage and store that information for a longer period of time. In a recent installation in El Dorado, Kan., Traci Hall, marketing communications specialist, Honeywell Security Products America, relays the process and feedback as Butler County transitioned the Adult Detention Facility and related facilities to a digital system. At the county’s 230-bed detention facility, 4PC, an IP security specialist based in Augusta, Kan., replaced 48 analog cameras with 96 1080p equIP series cameras and three pan tilt zoom (PTZ) cameras, doubling the facility’s monitoring capabilities. 4PC also installed three MAXPRO NVRs to store video being captured by the cameras. The cameras are controlled electronically through computer consoles and Honeywell’s UltraKey Plus keyboard using the
Honeywell MAXPRO video management system (VMS). “The analog cameras the Sheriff’s Office previously used were obsolete compared to today’s modern IP cameras,” says Coby Hayes, CEO at 4PC. “IP cameras today have a resolution that’s five to six times better than analog.” And the digi-
Portable video systems by Zistos secure vehicles before entering the grounds as well as expose inaccessible locations within the building increasing the security of the entire facility.
tal storage gives the ability to pull up video footage quickly and remotely, if needed. For personnel at the Kansas detention facility, the enhanced video clarity and monitoring is having a significant impact on safety. When an incident such as a fight occurs within the facility it can escalate quickly, requiring an immediate response, says Butler County Sheriff Kelly Herzet. Taking advantage of the added situational awareness the cameras provide, personnel are able to quickly assess an incident, identify any potential dangers and respond to the scene with a game plan. “Previously, we identified people in the footage from
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the color of their clothes and physical mannerisms,” says Herzet. “Now with the new highdefinition cameras we can see faces clearly and zoom in on objects so finely as to read handwritten words on a piece of paper.” 4PC also configured four Apple iPad devices for the sheriff, undersheriff, and shift supervisors at the Butler County Adult Detention Facility and Judicial Center to access the video surveillance system remotely. “Equipping our shift supervisors with iPads gave them the flexibility to be away from their desk and interact with deputies working in the field,” says Herzet. “The iPads are set up to access the video surveillance systems at both facilities and can be used anywhere there’s wi-fi access.” As apparent in the hand-held devices, video security is not confined to wall space any longer. Portable camera units increase safety by allowing views in inaccessible locations, as well as in hidden places. “Portable surveillance and inspection tools using uniquely-configured video cameras can expand the real time situational awareness capabilities in a correctional institution as well as increase the capability, efficiency and safety of performing random inspections in both cells and common areas,” points out Bob Levine, president, Zistos Corporation. Rapidly deployable, wireless surveillance cameras can be used in a correctional facility to help boost security and deal with prisoner insurrections, explains Levine. Its Portable Network Surveillance Camera (PNSC) is a self-contained, battery-operated wireless video network camera with remote pan/tilt/zoom capability. “The PNSC can be used to dynamically increase visual awareness using encrypted wireless video that can tie into an existing network or create its own standalone network. Multiple units can be tied together to offer CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014 41
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Wearable Option Included in the new video technology repertoire is the pre-event recording, which allows a certain amount of wearable digital camera, adding another layer to corfootage to be retained from before a recording is actirections officers’ security and safety. vated so that all-important events during an incident Over 99 percent of the time video evidence exonerare captured.” ates the officer against complaints, says Michael Another wearable video camera system, Panasonic’s Millhollen, marketing specialist, Digital Ally, Inc. WV-TW 310, is currently in the process of being “Officers resisting the use of body cameras can be an deployed by the jail services transport division of issue,” he notes, “however, that problem is usually Brazos County, Texas, according to Greg Peratt, senior eliminated very quickly as soon as the footage is used director, Panasonic Video Solutions Integration Team to clear an officer of a false accusation.” Digital Ally’s for Panasonic System Communications Company VuLink can be utilized to automatically start North America. recordings on FirstVu HD body cameras. This “The wearable cameliminates the need to remember to press era systems give the record or record continuously. Although this agency a method of technology is most often used to allow a vehicapturing clear and cle to automatically activate body cameras, accurate—and facilities may be equipped with it, as well, he unbiased—secure says. video recordings of Millhollen furthers, “Wearable video systems interactions. The are all digital. This means the video quality can video evidence be customized by the correctional facility to these systems probalance the amount of detail, currently up to vide helps to HD resolution, with the desired size of the files improve deputy for their particular storage setup. As storage safety, protect can be completely contained on a server against false accusaand/or the cloud, the amount of physical space tions, and ensure required is greatly compliance with diminished.” regulations.” Digital video Featuring a wide systems make angle fish-eye lens every step of prothat delivers H.264 The jail services transcessing video recording of 1280 x port division of Brazos recordings sim960 image sizes at County, Texas, is pler and faster. up to 30fps, the adopting Panasonic’s Recordings can cameras can record wearable video camera be automatically up to approximately system after its success uploaded into the 32 hours depending in its other securityserver, whether on the video bit rate sensitive areas. the connection is and offer a continuwireless, hardous operating time wired or the sysof approximately 5 hours when the battery is tem or memory is charged fully. The cameras also include a builtsimply plugged in in microphone that records audio with G.726 when not in use, (ADPCM) 32kbps that can then be scrambled as in the case of to prevent the data from being compromised body cameras. by third parties. FirstVu HD body camera exonerates wearers “Old recordings The Office of the Sheriff is adding the against complaints more than 99% of the time, that need to be portable device to its arsenal after finding sucaccording to Digital Ally. retained can cess with the solution deployed in courthouse then be autosecurity, patrol, crisis intervention, criminal matically archived for the required timespan,” investigation and special services units. Altogether, the Millhollen emphasizes. “Review is expedited and county has deployed about 40 of Panasonic’s wearable reports can be generated with the click of a button. cameras throughout their jurisdiction. Additional capabilities also become possible, such as —G.F. Guercio 42 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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Black Creek provides real-time digital CCTV footage over mobile devices such as the Personal Detention Assistant (PDA) or iPad Mini.
a multi-point video system that can be positioned anywhere,” he says and adds, “The system has value because it can be used to bolster security in problem areas where increased surveillance may be difficult to accomplish using existing fixed video surveillance assets.” The PNSC can also be
Using a battery-operated video camera and body-worn video display can facilitate a close up inspection of areas that are normally difficult to access or see visually.” Levine adds that cameras mounted on poles can reach high ledges or peer into openings and hidden areas around lighting fixtures. Cameras mounted on rolling trolleys can be used to quickly search underneath tables, chairs sinks and bunks. Waterproof cameras can be inserted into toilets and other plumbing fixtures to inspect the trap and other areas for contraband and weapons. Small diameter videoscopes can grant visual access into void spaces behind walls and under floors. “These tools can be applied to quickly facilitate and document thorough
A stack of Network Video Recorders (NVRs) in Black Creek’s security equipment rack can process more than the traditional analog recorders in a much smaller space.
a specific condition or environment. To that end, Zistos offers a Vehicle Search System that contains all of the necessary video tools to search a passenger or commercial vehicle, thus allow-
“IP cameras and management software is available with a variety of features including facial recognition, motion activation and tracking, and remote access and management.”
—David Raske
deployed to increase situational awareness by transmitting video to a command location from an outer perimeter during a riot. As a tactical surveillance tool they can visually determine potential threats, prisoner positions and conditions in areas prior to insertion of a S.E.R.T. team. Video-based search tools facilitate looking into areas that are not easily accessible, or difficult to see, increasing the efficiency, effectiveness and safety of search operations, says Levine, and thus the security of the facility. “The use of portable video search tools can expedite and improve the quality of a facility search operation. Contraband and weapons are typically hidden in areas that would be difficult or unpleasant to access using standard means.
searches in many internal areas of a correctional facility in a safe and effective manner,” Levine says. Video search tools can also aid correctional staff to screen vehicles entering and leaving a facility. These camera systems quickly and safely look into passenger and cargo areas of cars and trucks in an effort to look for contraband, weapons and prisoner escape attempts, says Levine. All of these camera inspections can be recorded and archived to validate that procedures were followed and also potentially for use as evidence, if an attempt is uncovered. Portable video systems, which typically contain an array of interchangeable video inspection components, are optimized to perform a search task in
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ing personnel to conduct a greater number of searches more thoroughly, says Levine, tightening the security of the facility once more. For more information contact: Black Creek Integrated Systems Corp., 205.949.9900, www.blackcreekisc.com; Zistos Corporation, 631.434.1370, www.zistos.com; Honeywell Security Products America, 1.800.323.4576, www.honeywellvideo.com; Video Surveillance.com, 855.711.8011, www.videosurveillance.com; Panasonic System Communications Company North America, 1.855.333.4035, www.panasonic.com/security; Digital Ally, Inc., 1.800.440.4947, www.digitalallyinc.com. CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014 43
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BY G.F. GUERCIO, CONTRIBUTING EDITOR
Food Service Certification Programs BREAK THE CYCLE OF RECIDIVISM Working the wrap machine, Trinity’s Work Feed Succeed program participants get hands-on training as well as classroom work.
T
he cycle of re-incarceration has been documented at 44 percent according to the Pew Center: about four out of every 10 inmates released will return within three years. With the average annual incarceration cost per state and federal inmate around $30,000 annually according to the U.S. Department of Justice, correctional facilities suffer the costs unless they can reduce recidivism. Correctional facilities exploring avenues to decrease recidi44 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
vism numbers look toward jobs programs, and more and more facilities are looking toward food service certification programs says Catherine Vandermer, the strategic sales manager of the National Restaurant Association (NRA) responsible for corrections in the U.S. The goal of the correctional food certification program is to train inmates so they can earn the ServSafe certificate which is nationally recognized as the industry’s top food-related safety standard. “And ServSafe is an open-ended program so many
companies and facilities are training instructors and putting programs together,” she notes. One of those that embraced the idea early on with award-winning results in the area of reducing recidivism was Aramark Correctional Services. Aramark partnered with the Indiana Department of Correction (IDOC) and was awarded the National Governors Association’s PublicPrivate Partnership Award in 2013 for its inmate food service skills program. According to president and CEO Eric Foss,
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Aramark’s In2Work vocational training program saved IDOC more than $85 million since the program began seven years ago. Graduates of the program recidivate at a lower rate of 7.7 percent compared to the IDOC system recidivism rate of 37 percent. “Aramark is proud that our innovation and service expertise is helping the Indiana Department of Correction reduce recidivism and enhance public safety,” says Foss. The success of these programs is due to an openness of those within the restaurant industry, notes Vandermer. “The restaurant business is an industry of opportunity; an industry that is willing to give people a second chance.” It is a business that is growing. “We will need 1.4 million new workers in the next few years,” she adds, and even more importantly, “The industry is looking for these certificates.” In fact, “More and more the food industry would like all workers to be certified.” Vandermer points to job-hiring success stories by way of the Virginia Department of Corrections (VADOC). Says Mark Engelke, director of Food Services
at the DOC, “We have many success stories where ex-offenders were able to find jobs because of the ServSafe program.” Several cases he notes include inmates applying to McDonalds and Subway with ServSafe certification that were hired immediately. And for an ex-inmate working at Subway, when the assistant manager went on maternity leave the new hire was moved up to that position because of work ethic and having the certification. Again, he says, at Applebee’s an ex-offender interviewed for a cook position and started two days later, giving credit to the ServSafe certificate. “I get calls and emails every day about exoffenders who have gotten jobs,” Engelke says. Joining the VADOC’s list of food companies that are known to be open to hiring ex-inmates, Ocean Properties was mentioned by Jim O’Connell, director of marketing and communications of Trinity Services Group. He cites that Ocean Properties, Ltd., “will grant an interview to those who have a ServSafe certificate.” O’Connell explains that the firm is one of the largest privatelyheld hotel and development
groups in North America operating over 100 hotels with names like Marriott and Hilton. In addition, the company develops and operates restaurants, resorts and spas. While Trinity’s contacts and program differ from the VADOC, all the food service certification programs include the class work and training necessary to achieve the ServSafe certificate. Some, like Trinity, also provide their own certificates along the way. The Trinity program, called Work Feed Succeed, is based on major modules and melds with ServSafe. “Participants get certificates with our modules, and then we administer the ServSafe certificate,” says O’Connell. The Work Feed Succeed overall goal is based on each part of the equation in its title: Work in a commercial kitchen environment, Feed fellow inmates and staff, Succeed in a professional food service environment upon release. He notes he is most proud of the fact that the program Work Feed Succeed was created as a joint effort, “with a team of workers and corporate staff.” Operating a certification program for a little more than a year,
Aramark’s program is comprised of three phases: kitchen experience, classroom instruction on food production, and food retail operations.
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Trinity is already growing the program rapidly and O’Connell furthers, “We have this program running in many different forms around the country with hundreds of inmates at any given time.” To get their start, he explains Trinity joined with Canteen Correctional Services, granting them a more national presence in the correctional food service market. At that point, “We were already serving around 300,000 inmates every day in the United States, Puerto Rico and the Virgin Islands,” he notes, “and we wanted to provide an all-encompassing kitchen skills program too.” It was an easy transition in kitchens where they were already operating to provide guides and instructors. The certificates from Trinity’s program are typically customized to reflect the facility where the training occurred and what modules were completed. “Remember each facility decides which parts of the program they want to offer; we encourage facilities to offer all six sections (Sanitation, Safety, Food Safety, HACCP, Cooking Skills and ServSafe),” he says. There is a significant classroom section that is also a key part of the program, O’Connell continues. This includes a custom Trinity Textbook, handouts and other visual aids. “We also include complete instructor notes to walk our own trainers or the correction staff through the training. Some facilities are required to conduct the education and training programs themselves, and this program gives those facilities the opportunity to do just that.” As for the most interesting start of certification programs in food service, Vandermer bows to the triumvirate of VADOC, Engelke, and the Virginia’s Governor McDonnell. Engelke explains: “We were already teaching ServSafe to our kitchen staff since 2000,” he 46 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
explains. “With the re-entry initiative introduced by the governor it got us to thinking so I put up the idea of ServSafe for offenders. I talked to the National Restaurant Association; we got [cost] quotes, bought books, and started it in the correctional facility.” It has a double benefit: it not only saves staffing salaries, but it reduces inmate housing costs. O’Connell says: “Operationally for me it’s great: We have [to make] 34,000 inmate and staff meals—or about 36 million meals a year. Since it costs approximately $25,000 a year to house an offender in Virginia, if one can lead a productive life…,” he paus-
Felon-friendly Food Facilities Applebees Baskin-Robbins Buffalo Wild Wings Chilis Chipotle Dairy Queen Dennys Dunkin Donuts Golden Corral IHOP Jack in the Box Long Horn Steakhouse McDonalds Ocean Properties, Ltd. & Affiliates Olive Garden Red Lobster Red Robin Subway Wendys
Aramark’s classroom work is as important as on-the-job training to get the ServSafe certificate.
es, “If 10 stay out…it’s a lot of money saved.” Further, he says, “We have supervisors and staff, but the offenders are doing the majority of the jobs: dishwashing, baking, cooking, line work, cleaning.” Posed the question of any challenges in instituting or running the program, Engelke could find little. “It’s been more of a success than I ever thought. When I presented the idea everyone came aboard; they understood the value.” Pressed for a challenge, the only one Engelke sees is the one facing the participant to pass. Encouragingly, the pass rate for VADOC is the same as the national average of those taking the ServSafe Certification exam, 87 percent, he notes (the remaining 13 percent includes those that do not finish the program.) In 2013 they added a new certification program. “Foundations is the restaurant management/culinary arts part that we started in ten facilities,” says Engelke. “It’s much more advanced and we have 117 graduates in this first year.” Since the inception of the Virginia Adult Re-Entry ServSafe Program in 2011 over 5,000 earned the certification.
Full Scale Café An integral part of the Va. program includes The Almost Home Café where certificate bearers take on roles replicating a real VISIT US AT WWW.CORRECTIONSFORUM.NET
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work environment: hostess, waiter, cashier, chef, caterer, etc. “This is where certified low-custody inmates work in a full scale restaurant and café for visitors,” says Engelke, graduating hopefully to employment in the nation’s work force. NRA’s Vandermer notes that in addition to the food industry’s desire to hire certified workers—the certificate being the key to showing their skills, work ethic and dedication to complete a program—the hiring employer also gets added benefits: “Employers are eligible to receive tax credit if they hire former offenders and Federal Fidelity Bond insurance is issued free of charge to employers as a job placement tool,” she says. In addition, Kelly Banaszak, senior communications manager for Aramark, reiterates the importance of the certificate, which is good for five years: “It is something they can bring to any prospective employer that proves they have the skills to work in the hospitality, food or beverage industries; job-rich sectors of the economy.” She explains Aramark developed its In2Work program in 1999 to address their clients’ concern that there was limited funding for vocational training programs and to leverage its expertise in preparing healthy and nutritious meals within a commercial kitchen. “In2Work is a vocational training program that teaches participants food service and retail skills. It has both onthe-job and classroom components,” she points out. In2Work is comprised of three phases of vocational training. The first two provide hands-on kitchen experience and classroom instruction in proper food production and retail operations. The third phase centers on students earning ServSafe certification. “Since 2010 we’ve had over 3,000 In2Work graduates,” Banaszak says. It is offered in more than 75 correctional facilities across 19 states that are served by Aramark. She adds, “Inmate students have expressed how In2Work provided them with a sense of accomplishment and boosted their self-esteem. Successful re-entry contributes to reduced recidivism and studies have shown that one factor in preventing an ex-offender’s return to crime includes the ability to find meaningful work.” For more information contact ServSafe/National Restaurant Association, 540.336.4717; www.SerrvSafe. com; In2Work/Aramark Correctional Services, 1.800.777.7090, www.aramarkcorections/our-services/reentry-program.com; Work Feed Succeed/Trinity Services Group, 1.877.277.5452, www.TrinityServicesGroup/ inmate-education-training.com. VISIT US AT WWW.CORRECTIONSFORUM.NET
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Continued from page 16 nology to make concealed objects visible. This compact, flexible and radiation-free system can scan a whole body or concentrate on specific suspicious areas. Mini Portal allows quick and easy identification of all types of concealed objects (plastics, metals, powders, wood, ceramics, liquids, capsules etc.). www.isconimaging.com, info@isconimaging.com or sales@isconimaging.com
latest advanced dual-view X-ray inspection system from Smiths Detection for personal belongings, such as bags or shoes. Its compact footprint and various options for configuration ensure reliable, efficient throughput in any checkpoint setting. The modern, ergonomic design provides
IN SOME COUNTRIES THEY’VE BEEN USING CATS TO GET CELL PHONES INTO PRISONS. IN THE U.S. THEY USE DOGS TO GET THEM OUT. an easy-to-use interface, making it easier for the operator to identify threats and dangerous or illegal objects on screen such as knives, guns or other makeshift weapons. It features steel penetration of 35mm, and is available in standard and high resolution.
Concealed contraband locator
B-Scan detects objects concealed internally or externally on the body including weapons, explosives, narcotics etc.
Detection currently has more than 200 B-SCAN systems deployed around the world in a variety of applications such as prisons, airports, precious gem mines, and customs checkpoints. www.smithsdetection.com, 203.207.9700, usa@smithsdetection.com
The B-SCAN transmission Xray people screening system locates threats and contraband concealed in body cavities, artificial limbs and on a person. Smiths Detection’s B-SCAN uses fixed X-ray components for an easily maintained, reliable mechanical construction with a low cost of ownership. Smiths
Netting Contraband TexNet, Inc. is a New Jerseybased manufacturer of industrial fabric. Too often contraband is thrown over a fence—both incoming and outgoing. TexNet manufactures nets to prevent this from happening. The nets stretch 40 feet above grade and contain a trough into which the contraband will fall so it cannot be retrieved. The mesh has a 1¼” opening so as not to be too intensive on engineering aspects such as pole weight and wind loads. Their installation crews work across the country to install the cost effective security nets. www.catchallnet.com, 1.800.541.1123, TexNetInc@aol.com
Body orifice metal scanner Ranger Security’s B.O.S.S. (Body Orifice Security Scanner) is used in some of the toughest jails and prisons in the country to detect all conductive metal contraband hidden in body cavities. Ranger collaborated with correctional facilities to meet and exceed the demands those facilities require. The procedure is non-intrusive, fast, safe, sanitary and can scan the five primary detection zones. www.rangersecurity.com, 915.590.4441, info@rangersecurity.com
IDs knives, guns and makeshift weapons The HI-SCAN 6040-2is is the
Hi-SCAN 6040-2is uses proven Heimann X-Ray technology at checkpoints where bags and personal belongings are screened.
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AD INDEX
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Indoor/ Outdoor Exercise Equipment
AUTOCLEAR/Control Screening ......................13 Black Creek Integrated
Recreation Improves Mental & Physical Health
Systems Corp. ...............39 Bob Barker ........................51 Carter Goble Lee...............23 CEIA, USA. .........................11 Corizon..............................21
Our new line of exercise equipment: • Rowing Machine • Air Strider • Elliptical Cross Trainer • Recumbent Bike • Seated Lat Pull Down Machine • Seated Chest Press • Sit Up Bench
Correctional Cable TV.......33 Elmridge Protection............6 Endur ID Incorporated......15 Fresenius ...........................19 Imperial Fastener ................8 Institutional Eye Care........50
Call Bob Barker Company to learn more, 1-800-334-9880.
ISI Detention Contracting Group, Inc. ....................29 Keefe Group......................52 Mars ....................................9 Medi-Dose Company ........37 MHM Correctional Services, Inc.....................2 Microtronic US ..................26 Morse Watchman, Inc.......25 NaphCare ..........................20
I-KAM XTREME® Video Sunglasses
Incorporates an advanced mobile video recorder into a lightweight pair of glasses
On The Gate......................31 OraSure Technologies, Inc. .........10 StunCuff Enterprises, Inc................4 Telmate ...............................7 Time Keeping Systems, Inc...................27 TriActive America ..............28 TrinityServices
· Hands-free video and audio recording · Includes clear lenses and interchangeable black polarized lenses
Key Control Systems The KeyWatcher system works by securing each individual key to a Smart Key locking mechanism with built-in memory chip. This unique feature ensures that each time a key is taken from or returned to the Morse Watchmans key cabinet, the activity is recorded. Users have access to keys only as approved by the system administrator.
www.morsewatchmans.com or 1.800.423.8256
www.officeronly.com
Group, Inc. ......................5 Union Supply Group .........35 Wexford Health Sources ...17 This advertisers index is provided as a service to our readers only. The publisher does not assume liability for errors or omissions. 50 CORRECTIONS FORUM • MAY/JUNE 2014
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