The Passion Vine Autumn 2021

AUTUMN 2021

REGIONAL WORKSHOPS PAGE 3

NEW Permits Issued PAGE 7

MANAGING MITES PEST POSTER PAGE 10 –11

UNDERSTANDING FUSARIUM SOLANI PAGE 12

www.passionfruitaustralia.org.au

SPECIALISING IN

Passionfruit, Pawpaw, Bananas & Limes P PROFESSIONALISM P MARKETING P COMMUNICATION P LOGISTICS

P TRADE TERMS P QUALITY PRODUCT P FOOD SAFETY P PERSONAL CONTACT

CONTACT

BRISBANE

SYDNEY

P: 07 3379 1041

P: 07 9763 1323

Railing No. 5 Block C Brisbane Markets

Stand 189/190 B Shed Sydney Markets

Sean Russell Aidan Hutton 0418 158 331 0419 700 278 sean@jetipper.com.au aidan@jetipper.com.au

EXCELLENCE IN QUALITY FRESH FOODS & SERVICE | WWW.JETIPPER.COM.AU

MEET THE MANAGEMENT COMMITTEE PRESIDENT Dennis Chant Murwillambah NSW 0412 616 747 adennischant@gmail.com

TREASURER Aidan Hutton Sydney Markets NSW 0419 700 278 aidan@jetipper.com.au

SECRETARY Matthew James Brisbane Markets QLD 0484 611 633 matthew@ireland53.com.au

MEMBER

CONTENTS

02 PRESIDENT'S REPORT 04 REGIONAL ROUND-UP 06 CHEMCLEAR COMING TO QLD 07 CHEMICALS UPDATE 08 MARKETING REPORT 09 HEALTH CLAIMS THE RULES CENTRESPREAD — MANAGING MITES

12 BIOSECURITY MATTERS 16 MIND MATTERS 18 HORT INNOVATION NEWS

Cynthia Barbagallo Mareeba QLD 0429 926 704 cynthiabarbagallo@bigpond.com

MEMBER Jarod Agostinelli Beerburrum QLD 0459 657 548 coastalproduceqld@outlook.com

MEMBER Brad Millard Wolvi QLD 0417 606 693 b.millard@me.com

FOCUS ON Fusarium solani

12

Wherever you see this logo, the initiative is part of the Hort Innovation Passionfruit Fund. Like this publication itself, it has been funded by Hort Innovation using the passionfruit levy and, in the case of R&D, with contributions from the Australian Government. Some projects also involve funding from additional sources.

ADMINISTRATION & MEMBERSHIP ENQUIRIES Sacha Harty

DISCLAIMER The advice and opinions in the articles published in The Passion Vine are essentially those of contributors and do not necessarily reflect the views of Passionfruit Australian Incorporated, the Editor or Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited (Hort Innovation). The advice is at the reader’s own risk, and no responsibility is accepted for the accuracy of the material presented. Inclusion of an advertisement in this publication does not necessarily imply endorsement of the product, company or service by Passionfruit Australia Incorporated, the Editor or Hort Innovation.

Hort Innovation makes no representations and expressly disclaims all warranties (to the extent permitted by law) about the accuracy, completeness, or currency of information in The Passion Vine. Reliance on any information provided by Hort Innovation is entirely at your own risk.

0416 182 033 admin@passionfruitaustralia.org.au www.passionfruitaustralia.org.au

Copyright © Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited 2020 Copyright subsists in The Passion Vine. Horticulture Innovation Australia Limited (Hort Innovation) owns the copyright, other than as permitted under the Copyright ACT 1968 (Cth). The Passion Vine (in part or as a whole) cannot be reproduced, published, communicated or adapted without the prior written consent of Hort Innovation.

Any request or enquiry to use The Passion Vine should be addressed to: Level 7, 141 Walker Street, North Sydney, NSW 2060, Australia E: communications@horticulture.com.au | P: 02 8295 2300

Hort Innovation is not responsible for, and will not be liable for, any loss, damage, claim, expense, cost (including legal costs) or other liability arising in any way, including from any Hort Innovation or other person’s negligence or otherwise from your use or non-use of The Passion Vine or from reliance on information contained in the material or that Hort Innovation provides to you by any other means.

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

1

PRESIDENT'S REPORT DENNIS CHANT

Dear Readers, As this report is being prepared our Northern New South Wales location is experiencing a prolonged period of consistently wet weather. This makes normal farm housekeeping activities a challenge and increases the ever-present risk of disease. It also gives cause to reflect on the drought conditions experienced a year ago and, more importantly, some of the conditions currently being experienced by our grower members in other regions.

The Bundaberg region is experiencing serious water deficiencies whilst in North Queensland cyclonic conditions have had serious consequences for some farming operations.

As horticulturalists, these are challenges we face and overcome on a regular basis. COVID-19 has been a different type of challenge, one generally experienced once in a lifetime. The pandemic has been with us for a year and our industry has proven resilient in the face of lockdowns and other regulatory settings. Some of the impacts of these restrictions have been more difficult to address, particularly sourcing labour and shortages of some farm inputs.

We have all no doubt learned lessons over the last 12 months that can make our operations more sustainable. The easing of restrictions on movement and gatherings has allowed the PAI Management Committee to plan ahead with more confidence and in this edition of The Passion Vine dates have been listed for member meetings in Northern NSW, South Queensland and North Queensland.

The planned gatherings in each of the main growing regions will provide an ideal opportunity for growers and our industry partners to get together to share experiences and learnings and enjoy a relaxing social event. Restrictions over the past year have curtailed your association’s functions programmed for the 2020 year. Your committee is very much aware of how our members value face-to-face gatherings and look forward to meeting with you at these events.

In the next few months decisions will be made on how growers’ levy funds will be allocated over the next three to five years. The Passionfruit Strategic Investment Plan-2017-2021 (SIP), developed and managed by Hort Innovation, is the foundation for decision making in levy investments. Your levies fund R&D, marketing, biosecurity and residue testing programs (50% allocated to R&D and 50% to marketing). The SIP is due for renewal in June this year.

Hort Innovation will be consulting with industry over the next few months to prepare a new five-year SIP.

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It is important that growers’ views are obtained in the formulation of the next iteration of the levy investment plan. As the passionfruit production trend is stable the value of levies collected is also forecast to be consistent over the period of the new plan. Currently the major share of the R&D funds is allocated to the plant breeding program, so it is important that the remaining funds are allocated to projects that are important to growers.

A number of growers have left the industry over the last twelve months whilst others are planning to expand. Your views on priority research projects to be included in the 2022-2026 SIP are important to the industry’s long-term sustainability. Significant issues continue to challenge our growers with flow-on impacts to our agents and customers. One is the variability and unpredictability of supply.

The recent unseasonal shortage of supply is not only frustrating for us, as growers, but also for our selling agents, their customers, and the end consumer. As this report is written, this shortage is being replaced by significantly increased supplies from many growers.

Developing more consistent supply and quality improvements were identified as priorities in the current plan. Disease management is also an ongoing priority. The Committee has been advised of the growing impact of Fusarium solani on crops from Northern NSW to Far North Queensland. SEE PAGE 12 for an article on this troublesome disease. It is important that we and Hort Innovation get as broad a perspective as possible on what levy payers regard as R&D priorities.

The other important funding allocation is to the Communications Project. The current project terminates in September. It is now under the management of PAI and it funds this magazine and our other important communication channels including the website and field days. Your Committee is very appreciative of the high standards Jane has set in implementing the current program and is committed to ensuring that we continue to get value for money in delivery of the program during the next project period. As always, please do not hesitate to contact Sacha at your secretariate with any feedback or any queries.

I trust you find this edition of your magazine as interesting and informative as ever and look forward to catching up with you at one of our regional meetings.

All the best, Dennis Chant

WHAT IS HAPPENING NOW TO SUPPORT THE FUTURE OF OUR INDUSTRY?

— Potential im pact of this plan is $ Based on an e total invest stimated ment of $ from 2017 to 20 21 —

9.7m

1.84m

Australian Passionfruit

STRATEGIC INVESTMENT PLAN 2017–2021

The SIP has been developed in consultation with the passionfruit industry using funds from the Hort Innovation Passionfruit Fund. This plan represents the roadmap for the future development of the industry. This plan drives investment decision-making by Hort Innovation who invest levy funds on behalf of the industry.

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

_______________________

GROW SALES DEMAND

GROW FRUIT QUALITY

BE IN THE KNOW

GROW SALES RETURNS

FARM YOUR BEST

Increase domestic demand and export opportunities that maintain price stability

Improve retail quality of passionfruit to match consumer expectations

Provide access to relevant and timely data that improves industry wide decision-making

Improve farm and industry sustainability from identifying and adopting best practices

_______________________ MARKETING UPDATE

__________________________________________________ NEW CHEMICAL PERMITS

Improve pest and disease management and the development of new varieties that increase grower productivity and profitability

PAGE 7

__________________________________________________ MANAGING MITES PAGE 10 — 11

PAGE 8 — 9

FUSARIUM SOLANI PAGES 13-15

DATES FOR THE DIARY FAR NORTH QUEENSLAND

SUNSHINE COAST & WIDE BAY

NORTHERN NSW

Saturday 17 April

Thursday 27 May

Thursday 13 May

Mareeba Bowls Club, 6pm — 9pm

Palmwoods Hotel, Palmwoods, 5pm — 8pm

Murwillumbah Golf Club, 5pm — 8pm

All sessions are being held in the early evening to give as many industry members as possible the chance to attend.

These sessions are open to everyone – members & non-members alike. To help us with planning catering, please register at the Events page of our website at bit.ly/PAI-Event as soon as possible.

The sessions will be an informal opportunity for growers to get together and discuss your common challenges, as well as provide a forum to formally collect grower inputs into the new Strategic Plan for the passionfruit industry.

It’s a good idea for anyone who is unfamiliar with the existing industry plan to review it via our website at bit.ly/PAI-SIP

Registration for all meetings is kindly requested at bit.ly/PAI-Event

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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REGIONAL ROUND UP DARWIN FAR NORTH QLD

(Mareeba, Daintree, Cooktown)

WIDE BAY (Bundaberg)

SOUTH EAST QLD

(Gympie to Glass House Mtns)

NORTHERN NSW

PERTH

(Tweed Valley)

WEATHER WATCH DECEMBER

JANUARY

FEBRUARY

— Mean maximum temperatures for December were warmer than average for the west of Western Australia and for the east coast of Queensland

— Rainfall was below average for parts of Queensland's east coast between Fraser Island and Mackay

— Mean maximum temperatures were cooler than average for large areas of mainland Australia, but warmer than average for much of the southern half of Queensland

— Rainfall was very much above average for Australia overall; Australia's fourth-wettest December — Rainfall for the month was above average in north-eastern New South Wales and northern and western Queensland

— TC Imogen formed in the south-east Gulf of Carpentaria on the 3rd, making it the first tropical cyclone of the 2020-21 season in the Australian Region — Mean maximum temperatures were cooler than average in a band extending from Queensland's north tropical coast to inland of the ranges in south-east Queensland and into north-eastern New South Wales

RAINFALL OUTLOOK APRIL – JUNE CHANCE OF EXCEEDING THE MEDIAN RAINFALL

— Rainfall was above average for Australia as a whole but and the driest February since 2017 in Queensland — Moderate to heavy falls were reported in the northern tropics from the 16th and led to major flooding in the Murray River from the 18th to 19th, and the Herbert River from the 20th to the 23rd

2021

CLIMATE OUTLOOK OVERVIEW

www.bom.gov.au/climate © Commonwealth of Australia 2021, Australian Bureau of Meteorology

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Chance of exceeding the median rainfall (%)

(Issued 11 March 2021)

— Very likely to be wetter than average (chance of exceeding median is more than 70%) across the Gulf Country and Cape York Peninsula, and parts of inland Queensland — Wetter than average conditions are also likely (chance of exceeding median is more than 60%) for much of NSW — The fortnight of 15 to 28 March is very likely to be wetter than average (chance of exceeding median is greater than 80%) over the northern two-thirds of Australia — Mean maximum temperatures are likely to be higher than average (greater than 60% chance) for the northern tropics & the east coast of Qld

LONG TERM AVERAGE RAINFALL (mm) WEATHER STATIONS

APR

MAY

JUN

Mareeba

153.5

128.6

106.6

Bundaberg

55.9

66.8

50.2

Sunshine Coast Airport

153.8

154.9

120.5

Murwillumbah

153.5

128.6

106.6

FAR NORTH QLD

GROWER REPORTS It is a wonderful privilege to bring you the Far North QLD Grower Report while Brian & Irene Westwood take a break. 2020 brought us many challenges, with what seemed to be a never-ending cycle of unfortunate events, unfavourable weather, and ever-increasing pest and disease pressure.

Thankfully after we re-evaluated our farming practices and made some significant changes to the way we farm; we had a better finish to 2020 and a fresh new start for 2021.

We have seen some huge rainfalls here in the Mareeba area over the past few months with almost 600mm recorded in the first few weeks of January alone. We have also had TC Kimi and TC Niran threaten the Cairns coast in the last two months. Thankfully, most of our coastal growers did not have significant damage from the destructive winds, although we have had one grower slightly further south with significant vine losses. The bees remained active and we achieved a wonderful fruit set, possibly one of our largest yet. We can only hope that “COVID” restrictions remain low and families are able to celebrate Easter with plenty of fresh passionfruit.

FAR NORTH QLD

(Mareeba, Daintree, Cooktown)

DEC JAN

Mareeba (station 031210)

FEB

87.0 393.2 143 [92.6] [209.8] [226.4]

MEAN (mm)

9 [7.8]

MEAN DAYS >1mm

16 [11.9]

9 [13.9]

MEAN (MAX ºC)

32.8 30.0 30.4 [32.2] [31.2] [30.8]

MEAN (MIN ºC)

21.7 21.8 21.6 [20.8] [21.4] [21.4]

Regrettably, it seems many growers in FNQ are dealing with the effects of the soil borne pathogen Fusarium solani. The infected vines have poor uptake of moisture and nutrients and eventually stem canker and death. Affected growers are seeing greater numbers of vine deaths each year with some growers reporting up to half of their vines affected. While we have no current treatment plans, growers are trialling different preventative and curative methods on their farms. SEE PAGE 12. On a positive note, I am looking forward to the upcoming regional networking dinner set for the 17th April in Mareeba. It will be wonderful to finally catch up with many of you over a drink in person.

Good luck for the new season and Happy Easter.

BUNDABERG

Cynthia & Dale Barbagallo, Mareeba Hello everyone. The anti-rain dome covering the Bundaberg region is still working well with my farm only receiving 120mm for the first two months of the year. Now in the second week of March favourable rain conditions are forecast, so fingers crossed. The dry conditions have been favourable for the insect population with a lot more attention and effort needed to keep them under control.

The Pandora crop has been ticking along for about a month now with the purples just starting to colour up. Latest news on the Paradise Dam debacle after the Qld Government has released massive amounts of water and are hastily lowering the wall by 5m is that farmers reliant on the dam could be facing historically low water allocations with the possibility of the dam being empty by July 2021.

After a meeting of 62 growers, $400,000 was raised and a class action has been launched focusing on the alleged negligent management of Paradise Dam and misleading conduct by the Queensland Government. Hope it rains soon. Until next time. Thanks.

SUNSHINE COAST

The beginning of Autumn sees us busy picking on the Sunshine Coast. The Gympie area took off a little earlier and has been able to take advantage of the good prices, while the southern end has come on a little later. After the usual down period of February, it is a relief to have some income again. The weather has been reasonable for most of us. I haven't heard of any damaging storms of late and from what I have gathered, most of us have a good crop to come on over the next month or so. The rainfall has been very variable throughout the Sunshine Coast area. Some of us have had good regular showers while others have had very little in the past six weeks. We are fortunate that disease is not an issue at the moment, so we are expecting a good clean crop in the near future. "Touch wood." Hopefully, we can spend the next month or two concentrating on picking and packing now that the young vines are established. I am looking forward to a bit of cooler weather and cloudy days, avoiding the waste from sunburn. I hope everyone has a good Easter and the Autumn season goes well for you.

TWEED AREA

Peter & Sally Griffiths, Bundaberg

It was a wet start and it’s certainly been a wet end to Summer on the Northern Rivers. From 13th December Murwillumbah recorded 574mm in 5 days! We had very little fruit right throughout February and into March. Our 5-month-old vines are starting to produce some nice big fruit (Sweethearts) and our older vines have a good crop hanging which will see our first busy Easter in a couple of years. I’m due to start chopping out our third-year vines in the coming weeks which this year is around six months early. I plan to grow a brassica crop in the interim which should help with our fusarium issues. Our nursery cycle is about to start again which will see us potting out in a couple of weeks. Not much else to report from the Tweed so bye for now.

Jim & Jill Gordon, Yandina

Nick & Nerida Hornery, Newrybar

WIDE BAY

(Bundaberg)

Bundaberg (station 039128)

DEC JAN FEB

MEAN (mm)

131.4 41.8 39.2 [124.7] [171] [156.2]

MEAN DAYS >1mm

8 [6.2]

10 [7.8]

5 [8]

MEAN (MAX ºC)

30.5 30.3 30.9 [29.7] [30.4] [30.1]

MEAN (MIN ºC)

22.0 20.8 [20.5] [21.5]

21.0 [21.4]

SOUTH EAST QLD

(Gympie to Glass House Mtns) Sunshine Coast Airport (station 040861)

DEC JAN FEB

MEAN (mm)

341.4 144.0 161.8 [142.5] [144.8] [207.5]

MEAN DAYS >1mm

9 [9.8]

13 [9.9]

9 [11.3]

MEAN (MAX ºC)

28.6 28.3 28.5 [28.4] [29.1] [28.9]

MEAN (MIN ºC)

21.4 20.9 20.9 [19.8] [21.3] [21.3]

NORTHERN NSW

(Tweed Valley)

Murwillumbah (station 058158)

MEAN (mm)

DEC

JAN

FEB

638.7 173.7 299.4 [166.2] [205.3] [230.5] 11

17 [11.9]

13 [13]

MEAN (MAX ºC)

29.5 28.5 [29.2] [29.7]

28.5 [29]

MEAN (MIN ºC)

21.1 [18.5]

20.1 [19.7]

MEAN DAYS >1mm [10.8]

19.5 [19.8]

THANK YOU ONCE AGAIN FOR YOUR REPORTS. Figures in [ ] are long term historical averages. All weather data from www.bom.gov.au

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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Widebay Passionvine ursery N Grafted Varieties I Panama Servicing all areas – ­Delivery available

Find us here: 408 Dahls Road, Calavos Qld 4670

p 0429 656 922 e peteandsally4@bigpond.com

www.widebaypassionvinenursery.com.au

REGISTERING YOUR UNWANTED AGVET CHEMICALS FOR COLLECTION ChemClear® collects both currently registered chemicals, Group 1 and unknown and deregistered chemicals, Group 2.

Group 2 chemicals are those chemicals that are no longer registered, unknown, unlabelled, out of date, mixed agvet chemicals or chemicals from non-partcipating manufacturers. A litre/kg fee applies for disposal unless a state government subsidy is in place.

Group 1 chemicals are collected free of charge under the program. These chemicals are currently registered agvet chemicals manufactured by companies supporting the Industry Waste Reduction Stewardship initiative.

When preparing to register with ChemClear please take the time to prepare an inventory of your unwanted chemicals. Your inventory should include the:

These chemicals are identified by a drumMUSTER eligible logo on the chemical label or embedded into the container.

— manufacturer's name — product name — container size — number of containers — estimation of remaining chemical in container — container integrity

THERE ARE TWO WAYS YOU CAN REGISTER FOR THE NEXT COLLECTION: 1 . Complete the Inventory of Unwanted Chemicals Registration Form available for download at www.chemclear.org.au 2. Or request the registration form by phoning 1800 008 182.

Farmers and landowners in Queensland have until 13 June to register their unwanted chemicals online or by ringing the hotline, with all registered persons to be notified of collection locations in their council area in July & August.

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CHEMICALS UPDATE The Strategic Agrichemical Review Process (SARP) is a structured process that provides a view of current priorities and gaps regarding pest, disease and weed control in Australian horticulture industries. A SARP report was initially completed in 2016 for each horticulture crop with a levy fund, and these have just been updated in late 2020.

The SARP process involved industry consultation and desktop studies to:

Alternative treatments (e.g. pesticides) should ideally be selected for benefits of:

— Assess the importance of the diseases, insects and weeds that can affect each horticulture crop

— Integrated Pest Management (IPM) compatibility

— Evaluate the availability and effectiveness of fungicides, insecticides, herbicides and pesticides in the control of these plant pests and diseases

— Sound biological profile

— Improved scope for resistance management — Residue and trade acceptance domestically and for export.

— Determine any gaps in the current pest and disease control strategy — Identify suitable new or alternative treatments to address the gaps.

You can download the full Passionfruit SARP report at bit.ly/2020-SARP

TWO NEW PERMITS HAVE BEEN ISSUED PERMIT ID

DESCRIPTION

DATE ISSUED

EXPIRY DATE

PERMIT HOLDER

PER88379

Etoxazole / Passionfruit / Passionvine Mite & Two-spotted Mite

22-Feb-21

28-Feb-24

Hort Innovation

PER89943*

Trivor Insecticide (acetamiprid + pyriproxyfen)/ Custard Apples, Lychee, Papaya, Passionfruit, Persimmons & Olives / Various pests including; Fruit

29-Jan-21

31-Jan-24

Hort Innovation

*Interim Permit - ADAMA will be seeking a label registration in the future for the crops covered under this permit as part of the AgVet Grant funded project (ST16006).

All efforts have been made to provide the most current, complete and accurate information on these permits, however we recommend that you confirm the details of these permits at the following APVMA website: https://portal.apvma.gov.au/permits Please report any ‘non-performance’ by completing the Non-Performance Reporting Form for Horticultural Pesticides found at http://bit.ly/non-perf and sending it to: jodie.pedrana@horticulture.com.au A 'non-performance' is an unintended or unexpected effect on plants, plant products, animals, human beings or the environment, including injury, sensitivity reactions or lack of efficacy associated with the use of an agricultural chemical product(s) when used according to label (or permit) directions.

Users are advised that while the pesticide can be applied legally under the APVMA minor use permit, there can be a significant delay until the MRL gazetted by the APVMA is adopted in the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code.

Until this occurs the MRL may not be recognised and a zero tolerance may be imposed for residues of the pesticide resulting from its use according to the APVMA permit.

Please be aware that in the absence of an MRL in the Food Standards Code, the use of the pesticide according to the permit may result in the suspension of the produce in the marketplace.

Please check the FSANZ website or the Australian Government ComLaw website: www.legislation.gov.au/Series/F2015L00468 to confirm if there are MRL established by the Australia New Zealand Food Standards Code.

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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HORT INNOVATION MARKETING UPDATE

BY BEN WOODMAN

In this latest consumer marketing campaign we are continuing with our ‘Add a Dash of Passionfruit’ creative idea, with updated messaging and targeting. The overall strategy is to target consumers at different points on their 'path to purchase' to increase demand.

'Path to purchase' is a marketing shorthand term used to describe the customer journey. This journey is the process that buyers go through to become aware of, evaluate, and purchase a product or service. So with this strategy, it is seeking to influence consumers in multiple ways to boost the likelihood of purchasing passionfruit.

CREATING BEAUTIFUL CONTENT FOR OUR CAMPAIGN

GENERATING ATTENTION FOR PASSIONFRUIT

In this campaign, we engaged food stylist, photographer and recipe creator Bonnie Coumbe to create four new Aussie passionfruit recipes:

In January, we commenced our media outreach activities to support the summer flush of Australian passionfruit with a season announcement press release.

We also offered media the brand new recipe assets developed by Bonnie Coumbe that we received in early January.

Our summer media outreach overall has provided some great results, with coverage appearing in a wide range of outlets.

— Mini passionfruit pavlovas — Passionfruit iced tea — Passionfruit relish — Passionfruit lamingtons Bonnie also created a suite of produce images for social media and media, and two new videos for social media - one highlighting different ways to add a #dashofpassionfruit and another showcasing some of the health benefits of a dash of passionfruit.

This content will provide fresh new material for us to share with media channels like throughout the season, and will be utilised in our own social calendars throughout the rest of the campaign.

COMMUNICATING ABOUT JUST HOW HEALTHY FRESH PASSIONFRUIT ARE Advanced Accredited Practising Dietitian Lisa Yates has developed updated health messaging for passionfruit. These new health messages will be utilised for all communications moving forward, highlighting the strong health benefits of passionfruit.

Jump onto the Aussie Passionfruit website to see the updated health messaging, which features an updated nutrition panel.

The campaign has earned 4.1 million opportunities to see, to date (our target is 5 million). We are currently planning media outreach to support the winter peak season and will commence media outreach in the coming weeks. We are also expecting a passionfruit recipe to feature in Healthy Food Guide magazine in June to support the winter peak. To date we have secured 23 items of coverage so far.

SOCIAL MEDIA Our always-on social strategy is consistently receiving strong results. All content across Instagram and Facebook was spread to larger audiences by using paid advertising to boost our reach and we targeted at the 'Independent Single' demographic in particular based on our research.

To date, the Aussie passionfruit social media channels (Facebook and Instagram) have achieved more than 2 million impressions.

All social media targets are on track to be achieved.

For any questions regarding the marketing activities relating to the industries that fall within the Tropical Cluster, contact Hort Innovation Marketing Manager, Ben Woodman ben.woodman@horticulture.com.au

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MAKING NUTRIENT CONTENT HEALTH CLAIMS­— THE RULES

BY JANE RICHTER WITH INFORMATION FROM THE FOOD STANDARDS CODE

The Code covering this area is particularly complex and is designed to protect consumers from misleading language making overstated or inflated claims about the nutritional content of a food, or making claims about a food nutrient content where the overall nutritional value of the food is poor e.g. high in saturated fat.

Where fresh produce is concerned there is an Australian Food Composition Database (previously called NUTTAB) which is a reference database that contains data on the nutrient content of Australian foods.

It is referred to as a reference database because it contains mostly analysed data.

Nutrient Content Claims (NCC) can only be made in direct reference to the data contained in these tables for each item.

There are two further criteria that must be met; — a NCC can only be made for a nutrient in relation to a defined population group where there is also a defined ‘recommended daily intake (RDI)’ and — the food must meet certain overall nutritional value standards using nutrient profiling scoring criterion (NPSC).

For example, the current reference values for passionfruit in the database are derived from samples of passionfruit purchased in Sydney during 1983/84 (Wills et al.) supplemented by data sourced from international scientific literature.

According to this data, fresh raw passionfruit contains 18mg of Vitamin C per 100g of pulp.

The RDI for a child aged 9-18 for Vitamin C is 40mg. So 100g of passionfruit provides 45% of the RDI. The strongest claim that would be allowed in this instance would be ‘Passionfruit are a good source of Vitamin C’ as a 100g serving provides more than 25% of the RDI of Vitamin C for the defined group of 'Children aged 9-18 years old'.

HEALTH CLAIMS Health claims refer to a relationship between a food and health rather than purely a statement of nutrient content.

There are two types of health claims: — General level health claims: refer to a nutrient or substance in a food, or the food itself, and its effect on health.

For example: ‘calcium for healthy bones and teeth’. They must not refer to a serious disease or to a biomarker of a serious disease.

— High level health claims: refer to a nutrient or substance in a food and its relationship to a serious disease or to a biomarker of a serious disease.

F or example: ‘Diets high in calcium may reduce the risk of osteoporosis in people 65 years and over’. An example of a biomarker health claim is: ‘Phytosterols may reduce blood cholesterol’.

Food businesses making general level health claims are able to base their claims on one of the more than 200 pre-approved food-health relationships in the Standard or self-substantiate a food-health relationship in accordance with detailed requirements set out in the Standard, including notifying FSANZ. High level health claims must be based on a food-health relationship pre-approved by FSANZ. There are currently approximately 13 pre-approved food-health relationships for high level health claims listed in the Standard. All health claims are required to be supported by scientific evidence to the same degree of certainty, whether they are pre-approved by FSANZ or self-substantiated by food businesses.

Health claims are only permitted on foods that meet the nutrient profiling scoring criterion (NPSC).

For example, health claims will not be allowed on foods high in saturated fat, sugar or salt.

A whole set of reference tools are available online at www.foodstandards.gov.au including access to the newly updated Australian Food Composition Database.

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

9

Stage

Risk Factors

Suitable for fresh sale?

Top of leaf showing the yellowing along th veins caused by mites feeding on the und of leaf

PEST

Mites usually favour sheltered sites, under leaves and on stems, but do sometimes move RISKSfeeding damage is subsequently see onto the protected inward facing side of fruit where — Mites are usually along problemafter through the summer and autumn has taken Damage usually becomes more obvious as fruit matures, feeding — Large numbers congregate in leaf axils, along grooves in the place so it is essential to check for mites regularly .

Mites are a red, rusty colour and are m terminal shoots and leaf stalks and along the main veins of the leaves easily detected by checking the back of leaves—(see pages can 6,result 83) .in defoliation The mites are very smal Heavy infestations and disfigurement of fruit — Infestations may be caused by excessive or inappropriate use of A close up of mites on the the leaflens to help less than 0 .5mm long, sounderside use aofhand identification .

of leaf

Damage is usually only seen on one side of the fruit

Mites and eggs on the back of leaf

usually only seen on one side of the fruit

Damage is lose up of mites on the underside of the leaf

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areas around the veins turn yellow . Mites are ally a problem through summer and autumn . ge numbers congregate in leaf axils, along oves in the terminal shoots and leaf stalks he along the main veins of the leaves . Mites are ey small, less than 0 .5mm long, so use a hand AT MARCH 2021 s . toCURRENT help identification .

Heavy infestations result in defoliation and disfigurement of Type Frequency Seriousness Attention t . Infestations may be caused by excessive or Passionvine mite Top of leaf showing the yellowing along the e ppropriate use ofby insecticides . veins caused mites feeding on the underside The passionvine mite, Brevipalp Mites usually favour sheltered s onto the protected inward facing Damage usually becomes more o place so it is essential to check f easily detected by checking the less than 0 .5mm long, so use a h

— Each month examine 50 vines per hectare, scattered throughout the block

SURVEILLANCE:

Adult mites appear as s Mites and eggs on the back of leaf MANAGEMENT red spots o

— Severe infestations of mites can result in defoliation of vines

insecticides

Passionvine mite

of fruit where feeding damage is subsequently seen — Damage usually becomes more obvious as fruit matures, long after the feeding has taken place so it is essential to check for mites regularly

— Mites sometimes move onto the protected inward facing side

Adult mites appear as small red spots on fruit

— One or two thorough sprays are usually sufficient

— If 10 or more vines (20%) are infested, apply a registered miticide

ACTION TRIGGER:

— Check a 200 mm section of lateral along the wire and 5 attached leaves per vine for the presence of mites (rusty-red eggs, nymphs and adults)

Adult mites appear as small red spots on fruit

Mite Identification requires a hand lens. A good quality hand lens on a neck lanyard is a critical tool for crop scouting. Expect to pay approximately $40 for a high quality, high magnification lens.

— Some anecdotal evidence indicates that regular use of Tsunami® with each spray has an inhibitive effect on mite populations

— Regular use of Horticultural oil kills eggs, larvae, nymphs and all life stages of soft-bodied insect and mites by smothering them

— More information about the use of beneficial insects can be found at: www.goodbugs.org.au

— Phytoseiids can postpone or delay egg production during periods when prey are scarce and when prey availability increases, females lay more eggs, and more healthy offspring are produced during reproductive periods

control severe infestations

— Phytoseiid mites (predatory mites) prey on the pest but cannot

IPM OPTIONS:

— Be aware that miticides do have a toxicity impact on predatory mites

24/05/13 1:46 PM

Damage is usualy only seen on one side of the fruit

Mites and eggs on the back of leaf

and eggs are usually found on the underside of leaves — Feeding by mites makes the area around the veins turn yellow — Very small (<0.5mm long) use a hand lens to aid identification

— Mites favour sheltered living sites and the red-rusty coloured adults

2318_Passionfruit problem solver field guide_Internals.indd 39

FRUIT

it problem solver field guide_Internals.indd 6

pus phoenicis, is a common and serious pest of passionfruit . sites, under leaves and on stems, but do sometimes move g side of fruit where feeding damage is subsequently seen . obvious as fruit matures, long after the feeding has taken for mites regularly . Mites are a red, rusty colour and are most back of leaves (see pages 6, 83) . The mites are very small, hand lens to help identification .

2

BIOSECURITY MATTERS In the last twelve months, we have seen at least two new exotic pests move onto our island home and spread rapidly. Fall armyworm is now found across the whole top half of the country and Serpentine Leaf Miner populations have been identified in several locations.

Farm biosecurity is a set of measures designed to protect a property from the entry and spread of pests and diseases. Farm biosecurity is your responsibility, and that of every person visiting or working on your property.

If a new pest or disease becomes established on your farm, it will affect your business through increased costs (for monitoring, production practices, additional chemical use and labour), reduced productivity (in yield and/or quality) or loss of markets.

Use the simple step-by-step guide in our Farm Biosecurity Action Planner – generously sponsored by JE Tipper – to ensure that you have an actionable and relevant biosecurity plan for your farm.

FARM BIOSECURITY ACTION PLANNER

The essentials

FOCUS ON Fusarium solani One disease that is rearing its head in several growing regions and causing significant damage to orchards is Fusarium solani.

SEE FIGURES 1, 2 & 3.

WHAT IS IT? Fusarium solani is a soil-borne fungus which causes base rot.

It can have an aerial stage of air-borne spores from the red spheres on the stem referred to as Haematonectria haematococca.

Infection occurs under wet conditions through damaged areas in the stem base or roots. Young plants with twisted and/or J-roots are predisposed to infection and waterlogged conditions exacerbate the disease. The fungus survives in soil by means of dormant spores.

We generally refer to it as a 'stress' pathogen - which means it needs a predisposing factor, which can be varied for example, waterlogging, wounding (physical or insect) or infection from another pathogen.

WHAT HAPPENS ONCE A VINE IS INFECTED? Vines lose vigour and young vines can collapse suddenly. A soft decay or pronounced swelling develops at the soil line leading to decay of the entire root system. Adventitious roots can develop above the damage. In conditions of high humidity, the crimson Haematonectria stage may occur on stems. Cut stems exhibit a reddish-brown discolouration of vascular tissue that is generally restricted to less than 0.5 metres above soil line but occasionally up to 2 metres in ungrafted Panama varieties.

Passiflora flavicarpa rootstock itself is highly susceptible to virus diseases and succumbs to base rot when it is below optimum health. This is the main reason for the use of other varieties as rootstock for grafted vines. SEE FIGURE 4.

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WHAT CAN BE DONE ONCE INFECTED VINES ARE IDENTIFIED? It is extremely important for growers to immediately fully remove affected vines as they will not recover and the longer they remain in the orchard, the more likely they are to become a source of disease for other plants.

When the disease is advanced, and the vine shows rusty-red air-borne spores from the spheres on the base, it is very important to remove that material carefully from the orchard and destroy it completely. The spores can be spread by air, equipment, and water.

Note that cutting the vine down and mowing it in will simply spread the disease further through the orchard.

SEE FIGURE 5.

WHY DOES FUSARIUM SOLANI SEEM TO OCCUR ONLY SPORADICALLY? The hot summer months with frequent tropical downpours are tailor-made for both soilborne fungi Phytophthora nicotianae and Fusarium solani as these fungi are common in tropical and subtropical soils. Both fungi can be dispersed by the splashing of infested soil particles onto the stems of passionfruit vines.

Phytophthora will rapidly invade susceptible plant tissue. As most current rootstocks are resistant to Phytophthora the fungus can only infect stems above the graft union. Fusarium solani alone is unable to initiate an attack on sound tissue or vigorous vines.

Plants subjected to stress as a result of other diseases, excessive heat stress, wounding, old age, poor growing conditions, and insect attack are the most susceptible. In humid weather Fusarium solani may be seen on the stems of vines as a white mass.

Recent base rot outbreaks in both NNSW and FNQ are believed to have started from previous dry weather which has put significant stress on plants. Fusarium solani present in the soil has infected and killed plants through the collar or roots.

matonectria canker disease Figure 1: Air-borne phase of Fusarium solani spores on stem tissue Photo credit: Department of Agriculture and Fisheries

fungus Fusarium solani, m called Haematonectria ose vigour and young denly . A soft decay or evelops at the soil line entire root system . develop above the of high humidity the ia stage may occur on it a reddish-brown ular tissue that is ess than 0 .5 metres Figure 2: Impact of Fusarium solani on roots of vines Photo credit: Department of Agriculture and Fisheries

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Figure 3: Crimson haematonectria may appear on affected stems during periods of high humidity. Photo credit: Passionfruit problem solver field guide

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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Figure 4: Base rot on infected passionfruit vine Photo credit: Department of Agriculture and Fisheries

Figure 5: Vines severely affected Photo credit: Jay Anderson

Subsequent severe wet weather has enabled the fungus to produce the red spheres (which contain spores) on dead and dying plants.

These spores have then been washed or blown onto neighbouring vines which may have open wounds from wires or insect damage, thus continuing the disease cycle.

OTHER GENERAL MANAGEMENT ADVICE

It is also suspected that the pathogen can be carried in planting material without symptoms (as an endophyte) and then cause problems when conditions are favourable.

In the absence of any concrete knowledge, the recommendation is to take tips for grafting from healthy plants only, ensuring you check the base for any signs of Fusarium solani.

HOW CAN THE DISEASE BE BEST MANAGED? The aim is to control Phytophthora not just Fusarium.

1. Graft high (at least 30cm) using only rootstocks that are resistant to Phytophthora. High grafting can prevent soil splash onto the more vulnerable scion and will discourage the disease.

2. Use phosphonate fungicides (e.g. Agri-Fos). These slow the growth of Phytophthora and activate natural defence mechanisms in the host. There is an APVMA permit PER87607 for the use of phosphorous acid to control Phytophthora blight of passionfruit.

Note that heavy applications of lime will increase Phytophthora activity.

3. Use cultural control practices to prevent splash dispersal of infested soil. Some suggestions are; plant sweet smother grass under vines, use collars or guards around the base of vines, implement mulching. Improve plantation drainage (e.g. planting on mounds) so that soil does not remain water-logged.

Note that fumigation to control soilborne inoculum is not a good idea. It will not kill Fusarium propagules at depth in the soil and they will soon reinfest the treated site.

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There are a small number of general measures that you can take to reduce the potential for a severe disease load: — minimise damage from insects to reduce the susceptibility of the vines — avoid applying herbicides too close to plants that may cause stem damage — ensure you have good drainage to stop roots from sitting in water-logged soil — try not to plant in exactly the same site each year — consider alternating vine locations with some form of restorative cover crop — a well fertilised vine, without injury to the crown tissue, growing in a good biologically active soil is less likely to be infected When replanting avocado fields, it is recommended to prepare the site some six months prior to planting by incorporating fresh chicken manure and covering the site with straw or wood mulch.

There is a possibility that a similar process is useful to control base rot of passionfruit. The ammonia and nitrite produced will be toxic to Fusarium, and a biologically active soil will be available for planting after the ammonia has dissipated and salts have leached out.

KNOW YOUR WILT FROM YOUR SOLANI Base rot is often confused with Fusarium wilt. Base rot is caused by Fusarium solani while Fusarium wilt is caused by the xylem invading pathogen Fusarium oxysporum f.sp. passiflorae. Any wilted plant from which any Fusarium was isolated has been often regarded as having the vascular disease Fusarium wilt. They are totally different fungi and they infect in different ways and produce different diseases.

The Fusarium wilt pathogen is a species without a sexual stage, therefore has no airborne phase. It only infects through the roots.

With great thanks to Dr Jay Anderson, Kathy Grice and Dr Ken Pegg for their insight and advice on tackling this difficult disease.

As soon as you visit the nursery, you can’t help but be impressed by Megan and Dave’s enthusiasm and professionalism.

Having been involved in all aspects of the passionfruit industry for many years, Megan knows what is needed and expected by growers.

Arbour Grove nursery takes great pride in supplying quality plants.

Grafted Varieties & Panama.

ORDERS IN BY

1 APRIL 2021

PLEASE CALL 0417 622 908 or email megancrowhurst@hotmail.com 114 Woombye Palmwoods Road, Woombye QLD

MIND MATTERS The experts will tell you that that it’s due to reasons like ‘the isolation’, ‘men don’t talk about emotions’, ‘they don’t know how to express their feelings’… Well I call bullshit!

I don’t have a psychology degree of any kind, I’m not a doctor of any type, I haven’t studied mental health at all but I do know country men. And this is what I do know… country men are the toughest, hardest working, funniest, most sincere, totally dependable, thoroughly genuine people you will ever meet. So, don’t sit in your university office in the city and tell me that you know rural men.

www.areyouboggedmate.com.au As I recently watched a massive line of four-wheel drives file slowly in and park reverently outside a small country town church, something in my heart changed forever.

They emerged, dressed in their Sunday best; some of these blokes I didn’t even know owned a tie. It was a really busy time of year, but they stopped all of those important farm jobs to come and say goodbye and pay their respects to a mate who decided to hand in his time sheet way too early.

As the minister lamented quotes from the bible about ‘a time for everything; a time to be born and a time to die, a time to plant and a time to reap’, you know the one.

All I could think was, these are farmers, no one knows better than this crowd about planting and reaping but I’m stuffed if I could find any reason for this man to die at his own hand in the prime of his life.

And judging by the faces on the country men around me, neither could they.

The statistics are everywhere, Australian males between 15 and 45 years of age are one of the highest risk categories for suicide. Men are 3 to 4 times more likely to take their own life than women and the further you move from the coast into regional, rural, and remote Australia, the more that figure climbs. Why? Why are my country heroes cashing in their chips early?

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As a rule, I don’t think rural men are challenged by ‘the isolation’. I think most actually thrive on it, they enjoy the peace and tranquillity that surrounds them. They enjoy the time they spend tending the earth and its creatures.

They are nourished and challenged by nature and all its hardships. Everyone needs interaction with other people, but isolation only really becomes a major problem when coupled with depression.

Let’s face it, rural men are never going to be like their soft pink-handed city counterparts (no disrespect to city blokes intended, purely a comparison!). Country blokes aren’t going to join a men’s group or catch up with mates to discuss their feelings, relationships, or finances over a double decaf latte at some hipster café that has kale on the menu. That’s not how they roll.

Rural men let off steam (release emotions) differently. They play footy, go camping, shooting, fishing, ride horses or dirt bikes, go water skiing, have a few beers with mates, they might even throw a few harmless punches with a mate after too many beers or on the footy field. These are just some of the release valves for rural men and they need to be supported and encouraged to do whatever it is that gives them release.

Don’t let the pressure build up inside.

The suite of skills needed to live and work in the rural sector has never been greater and yet the divide between city and country has never been bigger. Never before has agriculture been so scorned by city dwellers who view farmers as environmental vandals and poisonous food producers. And if all that isn’t enough pressure for rural blokes, what about adding a sick child, the loss of a loved one or a marriage breakdown into the equation? I don’t think we need another study to find out why rural men are struggling.

We have all been bogged at some point.

It might have been just a sticky patch of the road or paddock where the vehicle stopped moving, you panicked, threw it into four-wheel drive and got out. Maybe you needed low range, maybe you had to winch yourself out, but you got out, you got through it.

But what happens when you get properly bogged? When it’s down to the running boards, sitting on the chassis, you are not getting out of this one easily – that’s the kind of bogged I mean. So, what do you do? Do you burn the vehicle? Hell no!

When you have finished swearing, praying and walking around in circles scratching your head; you know this is as bad as it gets, you are going to have to ask for help.

Oh the shame! The whole district is going to be laughing about it, your mates will bring it up for years (probably forever!).

You don’t want anyone to know but you have to get help.

It’s a bit the same with depression, but it’s not funny like when you get bogged in mud. Most of the time we get ourselves through the rough patches in life but when depression strikes, you need proper medical care to get you out of this bog hole. The more bogged you get the harder it is to ask for help.

In your head, you will justify to yourself with a million excuses why you can’t or won’t ask for help. None of those excuses are any comfort as I watch a grieving widow, a young family and a whole community grapple to find answers and repeatedly ask ‘why didn’t he tell someone’.

You don’t want anyone to know that you aren’t coping and you don’t want to talk to some counsellor that doesn’t know you, I get that.

But please, for the sake of your family and your precious rural communities, reach out to somebody, anybody, your partner, your mates, or even me.

We will support you. You are only bogged, it’s ok, we all get bogged but most importantly, you can definitely get out of it.

Don’t destroy your vehicle just because you are bogged to the arse. Tell someone you are feeling bogged. If your son was struggling, would you want him to ask for help?

I PROMISE YOU THERE IS ALWAYS A WAY OUT OF THE BOG HOLE AND THERE ARE PLENTY OF PEOPLE READY TO HELP YOU. DON’T CHOOSE A PERMANENT SOLUTION FOR A TEMPORARY PROBLEM. WE HAVE ALREADY LOST TOO MANY GOOD MEN.

#areyouboggedmate WHAT ARE THE SIGNS TO LOOK OUT FOR THAT YOU OR A MATE ARE NOT COPING? Some of the signs that someone is not doing well mentally are not always the obvious ones.

A combination of these feelings or behaviours indicate that something is most definitely not right: — quitting activities that were previously important — feelings of hopelessness — expressing rage, anger or revenge — engaging in reckless or risky behaviours — increased use of drugs and alcohol — withdrawing from friends and families — putting affairs in order, e.g. giving away possessions, especially those that have special significance for the person — anxiety or agitation — abnormal sleep patterns — dramatic changes in mood, such as sudden feelings of happiness after a long period of sadness, or depression

WHY WOULD YOUR MATE GET BOGGED? There are multitudes of factors that lead to depression in rural men – droughts, floods, rising input costs, falling commodity prices, pressure from banks, family pressure, feeling compelled to stay on the farm, etc.

Today rural men and particularly farmers have additional pressures to previous generations.

They are expected to be soil scientists, agronomists, hydrologists, accountants, meteorologists, chemical experts, mechanics, engineers, marketers, environmentalists and the list goes on.

The suite of skills needed to live and work in the rural sector has never been greater and yet the divide between city and country has never been bigger.

There’s a lot of challenges of living in the bush and takes guts to speak out if you’re bogged. Look out for your mates and help them reach out to the right people.

WHEN TO SEEK HELP Generally, you should seek professional help if you are noticing one or more of these signs and they are: — constant or noticeable most of the time; — persisting for a period of about two weeks or more;

RURAL AID 1300 327 624 | www.ruralaid.org.au Rural Aid is a holistic support program aimed at helping rural Australia. Please note that Rural Aid is currently only available to primary producers.

VIRTUAL PSYCHOLOGIST 0488 807 266 virtualpsychologist.com.au/rural-remote Don't feel like talking to someone on the phone? You can send text messages to Virtual Psychologist.

— affecting your daily life in a negative way.

However, if you are feeling any concerns for your personal mental health and wellbeing at all, there is never a wrong time to seek help. You are encouraged to seek help at any time.

HELP IS CLOSE AT HAND LIFELINE AUSTRALIA 13 11 14 | www.lifeline.org.au Lifeline is a national charity providing all Australians experiencing a personal crisis with access to 24-hour crisis support and suicide prevention services.

MENSLINE AUSTRALIA 1300 789 978 | www.mensline.org.au MensLine Australia is a telephone and online counselling service offering support for Australian men anywhere, anytime.

BEYOND BLUE 1300 224 636 | www.beyondblue.org.au Provides information and support to help everyone in Australia achieve their best possible mental health, whatever their age and wherever they live.

FARMSITTERS 07 4669 6686 | www.farmsitters.com.au Australia is the first of its kind, providing a link between you and a wide range of potential short-term caretakers for your property. Take some time out for yourself and your family. Relax, rejuvenate and enjoy doing the things that make you happy.

AUSTRALIAN MEN'S SHED ASSOCIATION 1300 550 009 | mensshed.org/find-a-shed Find some mates near you with Australian Men's Shed Association IFARMWELL www.ifarmwell.com.au A free online tool kit to help farmers cope effectively with life’s challenges and get the most out of every day.

RURAL FINANCIAL COUNSELLING SERVICE 1800 686 175 | bit.ly/rfcs-help Talk to a rural financial counsellor.

It is a free, confidential service. They can give you individual support to meet your needs and help you to make the right decisions for your business.

SUICIDE CALL BACK 1300 659 467 www.suicidecallbackservice.org.au Suicide Call Back Service is a national 24/7 telehealth provider that offers free professional phone and online counselling for people living in Australia.

THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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HORT INNOVATION NEWS HORTICULTURE STATISTICS HANDBOOK The sixth edition of the Australian Horticulture Statistics Handbook has just been released.

Covering 2019/20, the Handbook is the trusted and reliable source for horticulture statistics and market information across 75 horticultural categories.

IMPACT ASSESSMENT WORK During 2019/20, Hort Innovation engaged independent consultants to evaluate the impact of our R&D investments.

This included looking across a random sample of all Hort Innovation R&D projects completed in the 2018/19 financial year, plus a specific look at the impact of work within the Hort Innovation Almond, Banana, Citrus and Onion Funds, with a focus on projects completed within the five years to 30 June 2019, aligned to the current industry Strategic Investment Plans.

Further information can be found on the Hort Innovation website: www.horticulture.com.au/growers/help-your-business-grow/ research-reports-publications-fact-sheets-and-more/mt18011

ANNUAL INVESTMENT PLANS AVAILABLE ON HORT INNOVATION WEBSITE It offers the most comprehensive and contemporary data available on all sectors of the Australian horticulture industry in one easy-to-read guide.

The Handbook features more than 470 pages of information drawn from several supply chain sources, including international trade statistics and industry peak bodies, the Handbook includes data on more than 70 horticultural products including fruit, nuts, vegetables, nursery, turf, and cut flowers.

For the first time, you can now view the Handbook online through the Hort Innovation website at bit.ly/HSH-20

Annual Investment Plans (AIPs) detail how levy funds will be spent over a 12-month period. Investment decisions are guided by industry Strategic Investment Plans (SIPs) and prioritised based on potential industry impact, as well as availability of levy funds.

Each AIP was developed by Hort Innovation, informed by the SIP and industry consultation, and then discussed with the industry Strategic Investment Advisory Panel (SIAP) for feedback and prioritisation.

The majority of AIPs are now available on our industry-specific Fund Management pages on the Hort Innovation website, with just a few remaining AIPs currently with their relevant SIAP for final feedback.

You can find these pages at www.horticulture.com.au/growers

NEW FALL ARMYWORM PROJECT Hort Innovation has funded a new project Identifying potential parasitoids of the fall armyworm, Spodoptera frugiperda, and the risk to Australian horticulture (MT19015) which will examine potential parasitoids of fall armyworm and deliver extension materials to growers on how to effectively manage the pest.

The research team will identify parasitoid species present in horticultural crops and provide recommendations on potential candidates for future biological control of fall armyworm, as well as local information on established locations, host range, infestation levels on horticultural crops and damage patterns.

Further information can be found on the Hort Innovation website at www.horticulture.com.au/growers/ help-your-business-grow/research-reports-publications-fact-sheets-and-more/mt19015

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4. True or False: Australia is the country with the most islands 5. Where did Mr Squiggle live?

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THE PASSION VINE | AUTUMN 202 1

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Passionfruit & Mango

VEGAN CHEESECAKE MAKES 6

• 1 cup of oats • 1/2 cup of desiccated coconut • 1 tsp of vanilla essence • 1 tbsp of water • 1 cup of Medjool dates

MANGO FILLING: • 1 1/2 cup of raw cashews soaked in water 3 — 6 hours • 1/2 cup of desiccated coconut or coconut cream • 1/3 cup of maple syrup • 2 small ripe mangoes • Pulp from 3 — 4 passionfruit to top

METHOD 1. Soak your cashews in water for 3 to 6 hours.

2. In a food processor, blend the base ingredients together starting with dates, coconut and oats and then adding the water and vanilla until it forms a sticky dough.

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3. Press down about 1 to 2 tbsp of the dough into 6 silicon muffin molds and place in the freezer while making the mango cheesecake filling.

4. For the filling, drain and rinse your soaked cashews then blend in a food processor with the maple syrup, coconut cream and mango flesh until smooth.

5. Pour on top of the bases then place them back in the freezer to set for 2 — 3 hours.

(E,1,3) COMPREHENSION (E,2,3) DESTINATION (E,2,1) DESTRUCTION (E,1,12) DIABOLICAL (E,5,11) HOLIDAYMAKER (E,4,5) NEW NORMAL (S,18,2) PANDEMIC (E,10,4)

PIECE RATE (E,1,4) QUARANTINING (E,1,6) RETALIATION (E,7,7) SOCIALISATION (E,4,2) TRAVEL BUBBLE (E,6,9) VACCINATION (E,1,8) VIRTUOSITY (E,7,10)

6. Take them out 30 minutes before serving. Top with passion fruit pulp before serving.

Recipe & photography with grateful thanks to Claire Power - Healthy French Wife www.healthyfrenchwife.com

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