New York by joana angrill

NEW YORK

Francesc Auguets Gubianas Ferran Casé Massana Daniel Díez Salas Aarón Egea

INDEX Introduction .................................................................. 1 Geography and Population .......................................... 2 History .......................................................................... 3 Economy ....................................................................... 4 Government and Politics .................................................. 4 Education ......................................................................... 5

Culture ........................................................................... 5 National Symbols ............................................................. 9 Curiosities ....................................................................... 9 Conclusion ....................................................................... 9 Bibliography and webgraphy ........................................... 10 Glossary .......................................................................... 10

1. Introduction Our research project is going to be about the state of New York, specially the city of New York. We are going to talk about the geography (climate, demography, languages and religions) the history of the War Revolution, the Civil War and Third World War, its economy, its government and politics, its education, culture (architecture, folklore, gastronomy, arts, literature and performing arts), sports, national symbols and curiosities. Weâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;ve chosen the eastern part of the United States because it is a global power.

Map of the state of New York

2. Geography and population 2.1. Geography New York covers a land of 54,566 miles in the United States that are about 141,300 km2 and this state is the 27th largest state of the USA. The great Appalachian valley dominates eastern New york because it is a great chain of mountains. In the northern part of New York, there are the Adirondack mountains and in the south there are the Catskill Mountains. This state is located next to the large lakes of the world: Lake Ontario and Lake Erie. The Niagara river and Niagara falls are borders with Canada.

2.2. Population The population of New York was 19,465,197 in July, 2011. The population of New York has increased because of the immigration of people from other countries. It has increased 0.45 % since 2010.

2.3.Climate The New York's climate is very extreme. Winter is very cold, the coldest months are

January and February, when the temperature can reach up to -10º centigrade degrees, with frequent snow. Summer is the hottest and the temperatures can reach up to 35º centigrade degrees.

Month

MIN

MAX

January February March April May June July August September October November Dicember

26 ºF «» -3 ºC 27 ºF «» -3 ºC 34 ºF «» 1 ºC 44 ºF «» 7 ºC 53 ºF «» 12 ºC 63 ºF «» 17 ºC 68 ºF «» 20 ºC 67 ºF «» 19 ºC 60 ºF «» 16 ºC 50 ºF «» 10 ºC 41 ºF «» 5 ºC 31 ºF «» -1 ºC

38 ºF «» 4 ºC 40 ºF «» 4 ºC 49 ºF «» 9 ºC 61 ºF «» 16 ºC 72 ºF «» 22 ºC 80 ºF «» 27 ºC 85 ºF «» 29 ºC 84 ºF «» 29 ºC 77 ºF «» 25 ºC 66 ºF «» 19 ºC 54 ºF «» 12 ºC 42 ºF «» 6 ºC

Table of climate in New York

2.4. Demography New York is the most populous city in the United States. In 2011 there were 8,244,910 residents. Since 2000 the population of New York has increased 2.1% and in 2000 the population was 8,175,133 inhabitants. The population of New York is 40% of the state. The population's density is very high in New York (25,846 inhabitants per km2). This density is the highest density of the cities of New York.

2.5. Languages In the USA, two main languages are spoken: English (82.1%) and Spanish (10.7%). There are other languages which are also spoken, like European languages (3,8%), Asian and Pacific Island languages (2.7%) and other languages (0.7%). The indigenous languages are the Navajo, Central Alaskan Yup’ik, Dakota, Western Apache, Keres, Cherokee, Zuni, Ojibwe and O’odham. The main languages of immigrants are Spanish, Chinese, French, German, Tagalog, Vietnamese and Italian, and the main foreign languages are Spanish, French, German, Italian and Japanese. There are also sign languages, the American Sign Language, the Hawaii Pidgin Sign Language and the Plains Indian Sign Language.

Graph of languages in the USA

2.6. Religions The percentage of the religion in New York is: Catholics comprise more than 40% of the population in New York; Protestants are 30% of the population; Jews, 8.4%, Muslims 3.5%, Buddhists 1%, and 13% claim to have no religion affiliation.

Graph of religions in the USA

3. History 3.1. Revolution War New York played a very important role in the Revolutionary War. After the law of the Stamp Act, people started to revolt. New York City had of Liberty to the forefront of New York politics. The American Revolutionary War (1775â&#x20AC;&#x201C;1783) began the American War of Independence . It was a war between Great Britain and the United States of America, but gradually grew into a world war between Britain, on one side, and the United States, France, Netherlands, on the other side. The main result was an American victory, with mixed results for the other powers.

3.2. Civil War

Thousands of New York's young men fought and died during the Civil War, more than in any other northern state. A war wasnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t the best interest of business, because New York's trade was based on moving southern goods. The city's large Democrat community feared the impact of Abraham Lincoln's election in 1860. In 1861 the Battle of Fort Sumter took place by which political differences vanished and the state quickly met Lincoln's request for soldiers and supplies. While no battles were waged in New York, the state wasn't immune to Confederate conspiracies, including one to burn various New York cities and another to invade the state via Canada. In 1863, Lincoln issued the Emancipation Proclamation, which set slaves in states that were still in rebellion against the union free. In March 1863, the federal draft law was changed so that male citizens between 20 and 35 and unmarried citizens to age 45 were subject to conscription.

3.3. World War II As the largest state, New York again supplied the most resources during World War II and suffered 31,215 casualties. The World War II affected the state economically and socially. World War II implied New York's last great industrial era. Returning soldiers disproportionately displaced female and minority workers who had entered the industrial workforce only when the war left employers with no other choice.

3.4. 11th September New York entered a new era following the September 11 attacks, the worst terrorist attack ever to take place on American soil. Two hijacked passenger jets crashed into the World Trade Center, destroying them, and killing almost 3,000 people. Thousands of New Yorkers volunteered their time to search the ruin for survivors and remains in the following weeks.

4. Economy New York uses the dollar as its currency, which is represented with the letter $. New York gross state product in 2010 was 1.16 trillion of dollars. New york rules the economy of the state. It is the first banking center and financer of the United States.

Dollar of the USA

5. Goverment and politics In New York the main official of executive power is the governor. The governor is elected by the electors of a state for a mandate up to four years and rules until the elections. The New York state has two U.S. senators, 29 members in the United States House Representatives and 31 electoral votes in the national presidential elections (a fall from its 47 votes during the 1940s). The current governor of New York is Andrew Cuomo, Andrew Cuomo is a democrat governor and he is the 56th president of New York.

Andrew Cuomo

6. Education The city's public school system is managed by the New York City Department of Education and it is the largest in the United States. The education of New York is divided by the following stages. It begins in Elementary School, which is divided in 10 grades. The first is preschool 1, the second is preschool 2, the third is preschool 3, the fourth is pre-

kindergarten, the fifth is kindergarten, the sixth is 1st grade, the seventh is 2n grade, the eight is 3rd grade , the ninth is 4th grade and the tenth is 5th grade. At the end of primary school, the second stage is Middle School between 11 years to 14 years. This stage are divide in three grades, the first is 6th grade, the second is 7h grade and the third grade is 8th grade. The last stage like before to university is the High School, this stage is divided in four grades: the first is 9th grade, the second is 10th grade, the third is 11th grade and the last is 12th grade. At the end of compulsory school you choose what you want to do.

7. Culture 7.1. Architecture The architecture of New York summarizes the history of American architecture and contemporary architecture beyond the familiar skyscrapers of Manhattan. The Brooklyn Bridge: is one of the oldest suspension bridges in the USA. It was completed in 1883 and connects the boroughs of Manhattan and Brooklyn. The lenght of this bridge is 1,825 m.

Brooklyn Bridge

The Empire State Building: The most important skycraper of New York is The Empire State Building. The Empire State is 443m high and its construction was finished in 1972 by the expresident of New York Hoover.

Empire State

7.2. Folklore

New year’s Day: 1st January. People celebrate the new year. Dr. Martin Luther King, jr. Day: 3rd Monday of January. People celebrate the birth of Martin Luther King. Lincoln’s birthday: 12th February. People celebrate the birth of Abraham Lincoln’s. Washington's Birthday: 3rd Monday February. People celebrate the birth of George Washington, the first president of the USA. Memorial’s Day : Last Monday in May. People visit the soldiers who were killed in a battle. Independence Day: 4th July. Labor Day: 1st Monday of September. It is a day off for people in the USA. Columbus Day: 2nd Monday of October. People celebrate the discovery of America by Christopher Columbus. Election Day: 2nd Monday November. People celebrate the elections of the USA to choose a president.

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Veteran’s Day: 11th November. People celebrate that the soldiers survived in the battle. Thanksgiving day: 4th Thursday in November. It is a traditional celebration of the USA.

7.3. Gastronomy In the USA, Mc Donalds’ food is the most widespread food. In the USA there are different types of food. Some of them are the egg cream and a chocolate beverage. This cream isn’t made of egg, but it’s made of chocolate syrup, milk and soda water. There is also grilled corn. To do that, we need a corn which has to be grilled. Another typical dish is the American Breakfast. The American breakfast consists of fried eggs with bacon, ham or sausage, toasted bread and hash browns. There are also pancakes with maple syrup. To drink there is the orange juice and coffee. The most traditional lunch is a hamburger with fries and a coke to drink. Other options are pizza, hot dogs, sandwiches, salads and soups. The most common dinner is meat with potatoes and other vegetables. Desserts include pie, especially including apple pie (which is an American classic), cookies (chocolate chip is the most common one), ice cream or frosted cake. The rate of obesity in the USA is very high because American people frequently eat fast food.

Map of Mc Donalds in the United States

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7.4. Arts Museum of Modern Art (MoMA): The museum of Modern Art is an art museum in Manhattan, New York City. This museum has been important in developing and collecting modernist art, and it is often identified as the most influential museum of modern art in the world.This museum includes works of architecture and design, drawings, paintings, sculptures, photographs, prints, illustrated books and artists books, film and electronic media. MoMA’s library and archives hold over 300,000 books.

Metropollitan Museum of Art The Metropollitan Museum of art is located in New York City, and it is the largest museum in the United States. This museum contains more than two million of works divided in nineteen departments. This museum is located in Manhatann’s Museum Mile, one of the world’s largest art galleries. There you can see works by Mary Abbott. She is an American artist

who

belonged

the

New York's

school

abstract

expressionists.

7.5. Literature There were a several important movements in New York. The first Amercian writers were Washington Irving. Irving was a New Yorker whose History of New York in 1809, this writer is a one of the more important writers of the USA. The other important writer, poet and novelist of the USA and one of the founders of Harlem Renaissance is Langston Hughes.

7.6 Performing Arts Music: New York is a wonderful city for jazz. You can hear some of the best jazz at the Blue Note. The Blue Note is an important jazz club. Apart from being a club, it is a restaurant located in Greenwich Village.This club was opened on September 30, 1981 and the founder is Danny Bensusan with Nath Adderley, two important musics of American Jazz.

As regards rock music, you can hear rock concert at Madison Square Garden (New York Knicks stadium). The Ramones are the famous rock band formed in New York city. This group was the first punk rock band of New York. This band was formed in 1974. The Ramones are formed by 8 members: Dee Dee Ramone, Johnny Ramone, Joey Ramone, Tommy Ramone, Marky Ramone, Richie Ramone, Elvis Ramone and C.J Ramone. Their best

songs

are:

BItzkrieg

Boop

and

Judy

Punk.

More famous songs about NY 10.Empire State of Mind by jay-Z. 9.Fairytale of New York by The Pogues with Kirsty MacColl. 8.New York City by John Lennon. 7.Across 110th Street by Bobby Womack. 6.Walk on the wild Side by Lou Reed. 5.Theme from New York, New York by Frank Sinatra. 4.Visions of Johanna by Bob Dylan. 3.The Message by Grandmaster Flash & The Furious Five. 2.The Rising by Bruce Springsteen. 1.New York, I Love You But You're Bringing Me Down by LCD Soundsystem.

Theater: Some of the bests actors, singers, and dancers in the world live and work in New York. Most of the theatres are in the streets near Times Square and in Broadway, between 41st and 53rd Streets. There are thirty or more theatres in Broadway, and tickets are expensive, but sometimes you can get cheaper tickets on the day. Famous Theatres are Ice Theatre of New York, African Grove, Chelsea Theater Center,

Imperial Theater.

8. Sport New York has teams of the four main national sport leagues: National Football League (NFL), Major League Baseball (MLJ), the National Basketball Association (NBA), and the National Hockey League (NHL).

Baseball is the most popular sport in New York and the two most important baseball teams are the New York Yankees and the New York Mets. The city is represented in the NFL by the New York Jets and the New York Giants. The New York Rangers represents the city in the NHL. The NBA team are New York Knicks.

Famous players: Tom Seaver is one of the best baseball players who plays in the Major League Baseball as pitcher with the New York Mets. Babe Ruth is one of the best baseball players in the Major League Baseball as pitcher with the New York Yankees. Patrick Ewing is a very important player in the history of baketball and he plays in NBA with the New York Knicks. Stephon Marbury is one of the best basketball players and he plays with the New York Knicks.

Patrick Ewing

9. National symbols These are the national symbols of the New York State:

Nickname: Empire State (Empire State is the most important building of New York.) Tree: Maple is classified in a family of their own. There are 128 species of this species and this tree is abundant in Asia.) Drink: Milk Flower: Rose Fruit: Apple Motto: Excelsior (it is a Latin word meaning “exellent”) Mammal: Beaver (The beaver is a semiaquatic mammal, which lives in North America. Music: I love New York Bird: Eastern Bluebird (Eastern bluebird is a blue bird and it lives in North America and Canada. Fish: Brook Trout ( This is a fish and it is the family of Salvelinus). Precious Stone: Garnet Slogan: I love New York

10. Curiosities Do you know that the Empire State has 1,576 steps and the record of climbing is 9 minutes and 33 seconds beaten by the Australian Paul Crake on 4th February, in 2003? Do you know that the Empire State cost 40,948,900 dolars, has 6500 windows and 73 elevators? Do you know that in New York 40,000 TV films and documentaries are recorded? Do you know that in 1664 the highest building was a grain mill?

11. Conclusion In this project we have learnt about the geography and population, the languages, the culture, the history and curiosities of the state of New York. In my opinion, New York is a fantastic state because the climate is very good and it is very steady. On the other hand, I don’t like the cuisine of New York because they eat badly, fast food. This project is very interesting. New York is one of my favourite cities and for this reason, I chose this project and I learnt many things of this fantastic city. This essay helped us to know more about New York. New York is a fabulous place because there is a lot of cultures and the climate is very good. I loved doing this project because we learned a lot of New York, but not only NY, we learned about things of the eastern part of the United States, such as the architecture, folklore, the culture, the gastronomy. As regards the distribution of the work in the group, all the members worked very well and a lot. Every member of the group made two or three sections, which were their speciality. That’s because if a person does a section and he

knows a minimum of things about, he’s going to do it well.

12. Bibliography and Webgraphy Bibliography ESCOTT, John. New York. New York: Oxford Bookworms 2008.

Webgraphy http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/New_York (retrieved on 25th October)

13. Glossary Business: Treball, feina. Belonged: Pertànyer. Steps: Escales National symbols: Símbols Nacionals. Cuisine: Gastronomia Prints: Empremta Badly: Dolent Stable: Estable Summarizing: Resumint-ho Several: Algunes Pancake: Pastís Beverage: Beguda Syrup: Xarop Birth: Naixement Chains: Cadenes Frequent: Freqüent