Hygiene school book Learn how to wash and dry your hands and stay healthy
Where do the germs come from? Tiny heroes and villains
Germs can move to our bodies •
from other people, when we shake hands
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from things other people have touched, like footballs, phones, door handles, lift buttons or even your computer mouse
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from animals
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Some microbes are good for us. They take care of our tummies and handle waste, just like little dustmen. Some microbes are used to make medicines – they are like tiny doctors!
from food that has been kept to long or not put in the fridge to keep it cold
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from dirt when we play
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from shops, buses and trains and especially from toilets
But some microbes can make people sick. They are called germs. Do you remember when you were sick? You might have had a sore head or tummy ache, and that’s because of germs.
And that’s why we should wash and dry our hands lots of times through the day!
Did you know that everywhere around us live tiny things? They are called microbes. They are really tiny, in fact so small that as many microbes can be found under your fingernail as there are grains of sand in your bucket at the beach.
pass the germ
different kind of germs • •
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let’s do it
together!
Bacteria live everywhere. They can give you a sore head or a sore ear or make you sick.
See how easy it is for germs to spread around with the help of this fun game. •
Children should stand next to each other and make a circle
Viruses cannot survive very long unless they live inside a plant, person or animal. They can cause all sorts of horrible things like chicken pox which will make you itchy and spotty.
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One child should cover their hand with red hand paint.
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Another child should cover their hand with yellow hand paint.
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Let’s imagine that these colours are two different kinds of germs (for example one that makes your head hurt and one that makes your tummy ache).
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Now if you have the paint on your hand, shake hands with the child next to you. Then they should shake hands with the child next to them, and then they should shake hands with the next child. And keep going…
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When everyone has shaken hands, you should look at your hands to see how the paint has gone on everyone.
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You all have yellow and red paint on your hands. Just like the paint spreads from person to person, so do germs.
Fungi are a bit plant-like, and like to live in damp, warm places. They are not dangerous to healthy people. If a runner gets hot sweaty feet, their feet might start to itch and smell - this is caused by fungi. Protozoa live in water. They spread diseases they might cause you tummy ache, make you sick or make you need the toilet a lot.
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ar exercise! this is a shining st
HIDE AND SEEK Can you spot all the germs from the class room?
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let’s do it
LET’S
together!
WASH!
Exercise:
our class hygiene rules When to wash hands? What to do when you get sick? What else should you remember in order to stay healthy? Create together hygiene rules for your class. Write them on paper, sign it with each pupil’s name, decorate the sign and hang it on the classroom wall.
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Exercise:
TAKE SOAP.
decorate hand washing spots Remind all the pupils at your school about the importance of hand washing by drawing signs and decorating your hand washing area. Make them stand out!
You can do this!
wet your hands. always use warm water.
Use these words: Exercise:
WHEN TO WASH YOUR HANDS 4
scrub for 20 seconds, or as long as it takes to sing itsy-bitsy spider.
don’t forget to wash between your fingers and the tops of your hands.
Fill in the missing words. Find a correct place for every word. 1. I should always wash my hands ______________ eating. 2. I should always wash my hands before and after
I visit a _____________ person.
3. If I cook food, I should remember to wash my _____________
before and _____________ handling the food.
4. I should always wash my hands after going to the ____________. 5. I should always wash my hands whenever I ________________
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ar this is a shining st
exercise!
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hands bathroom blow before rubbish TOUCHED playing sick after dirty infect
my nose and sneeze. 6. I should always wash my hands after I have handled ___________. 7. I should always wash my hands when I have ______________ animals. 8. I should always wash my hands after ________________ outside. 9. I should always wash my hands when I’m ill
dry your hands carefully.
rinse for 10 seconds.
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and might easily ________________ my germs.
10. I should always wash my hands when my hands are _____________.
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you get two shining stars after you complete this exercise!
bacter-o-gaMI Cut out the paper and fold your very own bacteria. Follow the instructions carefully to get the right outcome. 12
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Fold in half to make a crease and fold back.
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Fold along the dotted lines and then fold back.
Fold along the dotted lines to meet the centre line.
Fold along the dotted lines and then fold back.
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Fold along the dotted line.
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Fold backward along the dotted line.
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Open the pockets from the arrow and flatten them into a triangle.
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Fold along the dotted lines.
Tuck the edges into the pocket.
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Turn 90 degrees.
Fold backward along the dotted lines.
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Pull out to close the mouth. Push in on open.
Cut this part out.
Handwashing song Let’s have a sing-along. Most of you probably already know Incy Wincey spider. Try out these new words too!
The Incy Wincey germs Climbed up the arms Down came the water Washed the germs away Out came the towel Drying up the hands And the Incy Wincey germs Found another berth
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let’s do it
together!
this is
this is a shining star exercise!
rcise! ar exe t s g in a shin You can do this!
Exercise:
labyrinth
You can do this!
Go through the maze to find out where these bacteria are hiding. Use different colours for the different germs.
True or false
Choose the answers according to what you think is right. 1. All microbes are bad for people.
2. Germs can move to our body when we touch animals.
3. Hand washing washes the germs away and helps us stay healthy.
4. Water, soap and hand towels are more expensive than costs of illness.
5. The skin of your hand has 5 million germs.
6. Before soap, sand was used to remove dirt from the hands.
7. Germs grow and multiply in standing water.
8. Drying your hands after washing is not required.
9. You should always rinse your hands under warm water because it’s more effective.
10. It is not important to wash your hands after going to the toilet.
GOOD WORK!
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ercise! ining star ex
this is a sh
Draw youR hand
You can do this!
A. Join up the dots by going through the numbers in the right order starting from 1. You will find a place that germs really hate!
ar exercise! this is a shining st
Join up the dots
B. Now colour the picture you have just created!
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Draw the outlines of your hand. Colour the spots which are most easily missed during handwash. Your teacher can show them.
this
ining is a sh
ercise! star ex
this is a shining star exercise!
INTERACTIVE STORY
You can do this!
A. Create your own story by filling in the gaps. It can be as funny as you like
You can do this!
Join up the picture and words Join up every picture with the right words by drawing a line between them.
MY DAY BY ___________________ 1
Wash the soap off for 10 seconds.
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Don’t forget to wash between your fingers and the tops of your hands.
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Wet your hands. Always use warm water.
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Take soap.
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Dry your hands carefully on a clean paper towel.
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Scrub for 20 seconds, or as long as it takes to sing Incy Wincey spider.
Today I woke up at __________ . I got up, washed and dried my _____________ and _____________ and then I got dressed. I had _____________ for breakfast. After __________ I washed my _________ with _________ and dried my _________ . Then I ____________ and went to _____________. I first had ______________ and it was ______________. After that I decided to _________________. When lunchtime came, I was already _____________ and had a big _____________ with _______________. That made me feel _________ and I _____________ for ______________. In the evening my ___________ was very __________ and needed _____________. I ___________ it and then ___________ for a while. I went to bed at ___________ and slept ________________. Today I ______________ and ______________ my hands ______________ times. THE END. B. Read your story out to the rest of the group.
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Things you can do at home with your parents •
If you have a microscope, study bacteria together
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Help change towels when they get dirty
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Help wash vegetables and prepare a salad
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Help wash the toilet bowl and sink after use
Hygiene pass Name: Grade: My Shining Hygiene Stars (colour a star after completing exercises or tasks at home)
Decorate a towel together What you need? •
Hand towel
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Fabric paint
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Disposable plate
let’s do it
together!
10 ected all have coll your t u o t after you cu rs you can shining sta badge. ne own hygie
My hand washing (cross out a hand here every time you wash your hands)
1. Put the fabric paint in a disposable plate. 2. Place your hand in the paint. 3. Press your hand carefully to the towel, so that the whole palm is down. 4. Lift the hand straight up to make sure not to smear the paint around. 5. Let the towel dry thoroughly and wash.
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Dear parent, 80% of all infections are transmitted by touch. According to the World Health Organisation, hand washing with soap is the most effective way to fight infections worldwide. And drying your hands with a paper towel is the most effective way of removing bacteria. This guide promotes the importance of hand washing for European schoolchildren. Let’s make it a good habit together. www.katrin.com