APPROVAL
UNDERGRADUATE DISSERTATION V. V. P. SANCHALIT
INDUBHAI PAREKH SCHOOL OF ARCHITECTURE RAJKOT The following study is hereby approved as credible work on the approved subject, carried out and presented in a manner sufficiently satisfactory to warrant its acceptance as a pre-requisite to the Bachelors degree in Architecture, for which it has been submitted. It is understood that by this approval, the undersigned does not necessarily endorse or approve of any statement made, opinion expressed or conclusion drawn therein and approves the study only for the above purpose; and satisfies the requirements laid down by the thesis committee.
Title: National Institute of Design, Kurukshetra
Studio Co-ordinator :
Prof. Devang Parekh
Guide : Ar. Saloni S. Shah Signature
Signature
Date:12.10.2015
Date:13.10.2015
Jaydip M. Jadwani, B - 3610
Research Based Design Dissertation
Acknowledgement: There are so many people to thank for helping me. This dissertation is not completing without them. First, I would like to thank my parents. For their love, care, support and motivation. Without them I would not have been able to achieve this much. A hearty thanks to my guide, Ar. Saloni S. Shah for her guidance, encouragement and faith in me, sometimes for giving me a hard time as I had not worked enough and for the many new things I have learnt while working with her. Her support was very important for this dissertation, helping me at each phase and helping overcome the challenges I faced. I would also like to thank my institute for giving me such a platform where I was able to learn many things throughout my academic years, which helped in completing this dissertation. I also want to thank Ar. Devang Parekh and Ar. Riddhi Shah for their guidance throughout the year as thesis coordinators. Ar. Hitesh Changela and Jayeshsir, I thank you for your help an understanding each and every aspect of study. Of course, Friends are always there when you need them. They help you whenever you are in trouble. In the past few years, my friends and classmates helped me with my academic works. First of all I would like to thanks the Powerpuff Girls Nikitha Y. (leela) , Khyati P. (kkp) and Priyanka K. (mata) for their support and always being ready to help me with my weakness, the theories. With writing, reading and explaining they always pushed me and supported me to do better. I also want to thanks my roommates Karansir, Arpansir (Rising star), Chitvansir, Nishitsir and Naeemsir for their support and for discussion regarding architecture is very useful for making this dissertation. No work will be enjoyable without having fun. During the last year I have learnt so many things from my classmates while making fun of them and teasing each other, which would more of fun than not end up as great learning experience. I would like to say thank you to Rathodsaheb, Riddhi, Master Kaushal, Bhardwajsir, Sagar (navdi), Neerja, Aarsi and Special thanks to Niraj C. (Baba) for helping me in solving the mathematics and how geometry will help by using maths special for modules. National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Research Based Design Dissertation
Abstract : In the course of study, if you are searching for something you need to ask a question to your self and through that question you will find the answer, which will lead you to other questions. For me, this is the process of study. This dissertation is about my experiences throughout the year and process of searching my first few questions, as I begun this topic as a study. -------
What I want to study? Why I chose that study? How will I find my question’s answer? What will I get from this study? How will I implement that study into the design? What will I learn from this study?
For these kind of questions first of all, I saw my all academic works which I have done in the past five year journey. In this exercise, I found out that there is one method of working and I always try to incorporate that while I am designing, but I have refined this method of working for better understanding. I always try to design by playing with shapes and forms as a tool of organization of spaces. But, that tool which I was using was not efficient enough. So I decided to make that my query and tried to organize a method where I can explore. In this study, I tried to identify the different approaches where people explore geometry as tool of organization. Through this study, I understood different methods of working with geometry. I choose one method and tried to explore it in my study. To implement my learning, I have designed National Institute of Design which is a proposed at Kurukshetra. The tools of designing the spaces of this institute are geometry and proportion.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Research Based Design Dissertation
Content: Acknowledgment Abstract Introduction Aim Objectives Methodology Scope and limitation 1. The inquest: criteria for Research based Case study 5 1.1 Basic diagram for understand geometry 6 1.2 National Assembly building, Dhaka 7-9 1.3 Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad 10-12 1.4 Phillips Exeter library, Rocking ham 13-14 1.5 Monastery of La Touretic, Paris 15-17 1.6 National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad 18-19 1.7 Indubhai Parekh School of Architecture, Rajkot 20-22 1.8 Management Development Center, Ahmedabad 23-24 1.9 Dining hall and Kitchen, I.I.M,Ahmedabad 25-26 1.10 Ravi Mathai Center, Ahmedabad 27-28 1.11 Inferences 29-30 2. Project brief 31 2.1 Introduction 31 2.2 Physical manifestation 31 2.3 Area requirements 32-34 2.4 Criteria for Programmatic case study 34 2.5 National Institute of Design, Ahmedabad 35-36 2.6 Melbourne School of Design, Melbourne 37 2.7 Visual Art Center, Rohtak 38 3. Site and Surrounding 3.1 Introduction of site 3.2 Analysis of site
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
39 39 39
4. Implications 4.1 Idea of the Institute 4.2 Design approach for Idea 4.3 Conceptual sketches 4.4 Modular system as tool for Design 4.5 Implementation of modular Into functional requirement
40 40 41-44 45 46 47
5. Design 5.1 Design process 5.2 Design drawing
48 49-57 58-70
6. Bibliography
71
7. List of illustration
72-74
Research Based Design Dissertation
Introduction Idea: questions of shape, size and position of figures and the properties of space. Geometry is an ancient Greek word which when broken down, means GEO - “EARTH” and MARTON “MEASUREMENT”. 1 Geometry is the study of order through the measurement and its relationship with the generation of forms. There are many kinds of geometries like Euclidean geometry, Projective geometry, Analytic geometry, Non-Euclidean geometry, Topology, Fractal geometry and Descriptive geometry, etc. Architecture begins with geometry. Since earliest times, architects have relied on Mathematical principles. The ancient roman architect Marcus Vitruvius believed that builders should always use exact ratios when constructing temples. For without symmetry and proportion no temple can have a regular plan. 2 If we see Egyptian architecture, the pyramids are built using geometry and proportion, the most renowned being the pyramid of Giza. In Greek architecture, elements like Pedestal, Column, Frieze and Pediment are used, which are highly symmetrical and derived from geometric shapes. In Gothic architecture, the scale and proportions are used to generate facades. In Islamic architecture, structure of buildings and also the details of elements like jaali create a pattern, while at the same time following the strict principles of geometry. If we see any architect’s building, we surely identify building in which geometry is used as a tool for plan making. Different people use geometry in different ways. Adolf loos used geometry as a proportioning tool in his building, Villa Miller. In Villa Rotunda, Palladio used this as a proportion system, hierarchy and to determine the scale of building. In the modern era, good examples of the usage of geometry and proportion are found in the works of Louis I. Kahn and Le Corbusier. In Louis I. Kahn’s work, the primal severity of form was an iconic end in itself. In Louis I. Kahn’s philosophy, Geometry plays major role in designing. Louis I. Kahn himself uses a different geometrical language to describe his design.
Aim:
Scope and limitation:
"To understand Geometry as tool for development of plan and its relation with proportions to create building form and spaces of National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra."
The purpose of the study is to understand how geometric discipline used in institute,
Objectives: ►► To understand the role of architecture and geometrical form applied in design an institute. ►► To understand the relationship between organization of space and geometrical forms. ►► To understand the character of buildings which are designed using geometry and proportions. ►► To understand the modular system and its implementation in design.
►► I will only focus on geometry with respect to proportion, space organization, built form and expression of the building. ►► Design will be explored in the basis of geometric proportion where functions play major role to generate the built forms. ►► Design does not focus on services such as HVAC, electric supply system, plumbing, etc. rather the functionality and usage.
Methodology: ►► Formal study of geometry and proportion in institutional buildings. ►► Formal study of buildings designed on the basis of: -- Form based geometry -- Structure based geometry -- Function based geometry ►► Research based Case studies based on based on the above mentioned criteria. ►► Conceptual design of an institute in which geometry and proportions as theory are used. ►► Development of a design by the implementation of the inferences from the case studies.
Fig. 3.
Projection Geometry
Fig. 5.
Fractal geometry
Fig. 4.
Descriptive geometry
“Form Is Realization Of Inseparable Characteristics.” - Louis I. Kahn
In Le Corbusier’s work, proportions were used for the achieving graceful and harmonious structures. Le Corbusier used proportion to generate the building language, through fins, masses and voids. He said that the plan is the generator, without a plan you have lack of order and wilfulness. “Geometry Is The Language Of Man.” - Le Corbusier National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 1.
Euclidean geometry
Fig. 2.
Analytic geometry
Research Based Design Dissertation
►► Function based Geometry : In this criteria, the focus is on how geometry and functions are related to each other. How geometry changes according to change in functions and also how geometry repeated for one and more functions.
1. the inquest
These are the three building studied to understand shapes and form useful for organization of spaces. -- Management Development Center at Ahmedabad by Anant Raje -- Ravi Mathai Center at Ahmedabad by Anant Raje -- Dinning Hall and Kitchen at Ahmedabad by Anant Raje
Criteria for Research based Case study The aim of this study is to understand Geometry as a tool to achieve plan formation and how geometry is related to proportions, I have to study buildings where these tools are used So I tried to identify few building based on three criteria : -- Form based Geometry -- Structure based Geometry -- Function based Geometry
On the basis of these three criteria, I have selected three buildings each for further study. ►► Form based Geometry : In this criteria, the focus is on how basic shapes are useful for generating building spaces and form and how one shape is related to another. These are the three buildings studied to understand how shapes and form are useful in organization of spaces. -- National Assembly Building at Dhaka by Louis I. Kahn -- Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad by Louis I. Kahn -- Philips Exeter Library at Rocking ham by Louis I. Kahn
►► Structure based Geometry : In this criteria, I have focused on how basic structural modules are useful for generating spaces and forms and how these spaces are organized within these modules. How can we achieve building spaces through repetition of one particular module. These are the three building I have studied to understand how structural modules are useful for organization of spaces.
To find similarities in all these buildings, I had to put them into common layers so I can relate them with each other. These are the layers which are used to understand the buildings: 1. Geometry in Plan :
-- To understand the organization and usage of geometry in the building
2. Geometric Pattern in the building :
-- How shapes patterns are used for organization of spaces
3. Spatial Organization :
-- By understanding geometry of plan how spatial organization is achieved.
4. Built vs. Open :
-- Relation of open spaces and built spaces.
5. Circulation :
-- Circulation and movement in the building to understand relation of scale and volume.
6. Scale and Volume in Section :
-- Scale and volume are useful to understand spaces into 3rd dimension and how these spaces are related to human scale.
7. Building Form :
-- Through all of these layers how building form is generated.
This study is done to achieve the aim of this dissertation . These inferences are used further process of designing.
-- Monastery of La Touretic at Paris by Le Corbusier -- National Institute of Design at Ahmedabad by Gautam- Gira Sarabhai -- Indubhai Parekh School of Architecture at Rajkot by Kishore Trivedi
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► In this some of the basic theories are placed to understand how geometry is evolved. ►► These theories of geometry are infered from the case studies.
Fig. 6.
The Modulor : Le courbusier generate this proportioning system. It is derived from proportion of human body and golden section
Fig. 9.
Root 2 proportion system
- draw square with side X - create 4 equal part of the square Fig. 8.
Fig. 7.
Golden rectangle
Golden ration and fibonacci series
Five equal circles - make right angle square ABCD - make center point of square - draw line OC` - make center point E of line OC - measure length of OE radius of circle - draw five circle from the point of A,B,C,D,O Fig. 10.
1.1
Basic Geometry
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 11.
- create x/4 part of main square - draw ab, cd line
Five equal circles geometry
Halving square
Halving a square - make square ABCD - arc B-D from A point, A-C from B point same for all - find e,f,g,h points and then join all the point till the ABCD line - draw lines on a,b,c,d points
- create 4 equal part of x/3 size of square
Fig. 12.
- x/4 x x/3 is used as dormitories - y x y is used as toilet
Geometric relation with functional space of dormitories at IIM, Ahmedabad
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► The form of the building is generated through the basic geometrical shapes square, circle, rectangle and there repetition. ►► Main function of the building which is the assembly hall, is put in the center and the other spaces are placed around this space. ►► From siting to internal spaces there is a hierarchy in spaces for that individual spaces are derived with from different shapes.
Fig. 13. Placement of building is used according to basic square shape and half area of that square is placed 450 at center of square. The point where the halves meets the main square, different spaces are designed.
E Light access Light shaft Fig. 19. Light shaft for assembly hall structure is derived from octagonal shape. This shaft is basically used as structure of the assembly hall.
Internal Outer Spaces Spaces Fig. 14. In the process of dividing the square into halves of the square, the spaces are distributed. All the offices are placed on outer side and internal space have assembly hall. Fig. 17.
Organization of the spaces where all secondary spaces are placed around primary function.
D Fig. 20. Ministers’ lounge derived from 2 equal circles of the same proportion of square.
National Assembly Building, Dhaka Architect: Louis I. Kahn
A Fig. 15. Overall space is divide into 9 equal parts, so it has equal importance around assembly space.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
B
C
Fig. 16. Prayer hall is derived from the making of 5 equal circles. Refer figure no: 6 on page no: 2
Fig. 18. Office spaces are distributed within 1 module and it is repeated. So similar types of spaces are achieved for offices.
1.2
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► The assembly is cylindrical in form. It is hollow concrete cylinder with perforated walls. This cylinder is octagonal in shape and it is used for getting light into complex. Refer figure no: 14 on page no: 3 ►► In this building main materials are used such as- concrete lined with strips of marble and red bricks in exterior of the building. ►► The basic shape of geometric such as circles, rectangles and triangles in the facades of the building as opening.
Assembly hall Office Space Other spaces Fig. 21. Centralized organization of the building. Assembly hall is a primary function and secondary functions are placed around the assembly hall.
Fig. 22. Built vs. open spaces where all the spaces are within large mass. Light is borrowed from outer facade with large openings and central spaces where assembly hall is placed.
Fig. 24. Concrete used as the main material for construction and bricks are used as secondary material. Horizontal marble strips are used as a breaking element of the massive structure.
Fig. 23. Circulation is placed around the assembly hall and all the spaces are distributed from that circulation.
Fig. 25.
Usage of basic geometrical shapes in facades
Fig. 27.
Using geometrical juxtaposition of circle in prayer hall for getting light inside.
National Assembly Building, Dhaka Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.2 Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
organization building material
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 26.
Large triangle and rectangle shapes are used as opening in outer facade of offices space for getting light.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► 5 feet high concrete strip acts as a module of construction. It is practical dimension for one day work. This became the standard vertical unit of dimension of the whole building. ►► Entrance hall is 16 times of x. The main entrance of the of the complex is large in volume and used as a large gathering space and for borrowing light into the complex as well.
National Assembly Building, Dhaka Architect: Louis I. Kahn
Large volume
Small volume
Fig. 28. Building height is derived from material as per construction technique. 5 feet horizontal band is used as a module and according by the scale of the spaces change. Large gathering spaces such as Entrance hall, Assembly hall and Prayer hall have large volumes. This volume is generated according to hierarchy of space. From entrance to the corridors the scale change according.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Medium volume
1.2
Volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► Building spaces are created according to the materials and construction techniques with the use of geometric proportions. ►► Basic geometric shapes like square, circle and using root 2 proportion are used for organization. ►► Through the repetition of the module academic block is derived.
Library Lecture hall Administration Fig. 29. Centrally organized building. Similar type of functions are placed a in linear form. Library is placed in between the Administration block and Classroom block. The courtyard is placed according to the requirement. In between Administration and classroom, there is a huge courtyard for mass gatherings. In administration block, courtyard is placed in between two block. All the dormitories open into the courtyard.
Fig. 32. Circulation in the library is also derived from basic circular shapes.
Fig. 30.
Spaces are distributed according to functions and it is in linear in form. Individual spaces are well connected to courtyard.
B Fig. 33. X size of module is used in corridor and double the size of the module is used in classrooms. According to the size of module, size of the academic block is derived
D Fig. 35.
Root 2 proportion is used in administration block.
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.3
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
A Fig. 31.
C The length of the sides of library block is derived with the help of the entrance geometrical proportion of square and root 2 proportion for library.
Fig. 34.
Geometric formation in dormitories. Refer figure no: 7 on page no: 2
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Research Based Design Dissertation
Lecture hall
Fig. 36.
Library
►► Brick is the primary material for construction. Span of opening is achieved by brick arches and concrete is used for structural elements such as lintel. ►► Circular openings are for getting lights into library, dormitories,etc. ►► According to orientation of the buildings and climate, opening sizes vary. ►► Brick arches with concrete lintel are used for spacing for opening. Refer figure no: 36. ►► The building is in load bearing structure.
Fig. 39.
Size of opening change according to orientation.
Fig. 40.
Volume of space and its relation with facade and opening.
Fig. 41.
Brick arches and concrete lintels.
Fig. 42.
Circular opening in facade.
Fig. 43.
Juxtaposition of structural elements near staircase.
Administration
Centrally organization building. All the Functions are facing the courtyard.
Fig. 37. Built vs. open spaces. Hierarchy of open - semi open - built area is generated within the complex. Semi open space as corridors are used as thresholds between informal spaces and formal spaces.
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.3 Fig. 38.
Linear circulation is placed in front of every space.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 44.
Scale of the corridor near dormitories.
Fig. 45.
Openings on south wall of dormitories.
Organization Building material opening
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► Massing of spaces is done according to space requirement and proportions are derived according to construction techniques. ►► Massing of building is monumental in nature. ►► In the lecture space, the scale is larger because of mass gathering. ►► In the administration block, the scale of space is smaller than lecture space because of the activity.
Medium volume
Large volume
Small volume
Fig. 46. 1 - Hierarchy of volume is changed with respect to open - semi open - built. 2 - Courtyard is used as mass gathering. Two types of scale are achieved in corridors. Corridors near the administration block are smaller in scale than corridors near lecture space. 3 - In the library, the height of reading space is equal to 4 and half human proportion. The volume changes where the book shelves are placed.
Indian Institute of Management, Ahmedabad Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.3
Volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
12
Research Based Design Dissertation
►► The basic shape is a square and the use of root 2 proportion generates the building form. ►► The hierarchy of spaces is according to movement, Entrance hall for gathering, then the services, the book selves and then the reading spaces. ►► Reading spaces are placed on the outer periphery.
Central hall Services Reading space Fig. 47. Centrally organized space, all the spaces are surrounded around the central atrium. The hierarchy of spaces is according to movement.
Fig. 52. Built vs. open spaces where all the spaces are within large mass. Lights are taken from outer facade with openings and used in reading space and from the central spaces light is also taken in atrium.
Fig. 49.
Geometrical proportion and its relation with function of space.
Fig. 53. Circulation is placed between reading space and book selves space. All the services are placed on four side of corner from the central space.
Phillips Exeter library, Rocking ham, NH Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.4
A Fig. 48. Use of geometrical proportion of square in building, half of the square area is used after pervious square. Placement of columns inside the space is such that a square is inscribed in a circle.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 50. Using root 2 proportion and according to that building structural grid is organized.
Fig. 51.
Geometry in plan
Root 2 proportion is used in passage and reading area. Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► In this building main materials used are- exposed bricks, concrete as a structural material and wood are used as secondary material. ►► Openings are placed in such a way that light penetrates into the central court.
Fig. 57.
Exterior form of the building where bricks are used as expression of building
Fig. 54. Openings are placed according to the structural system and the opening is placed in between that for natural light getting inside reading space.
Fig. 55. Large circular opening into internal wall for creating connection between internal court and passages it is placed exact center of the square. Refer figure no. 53
Imaginary square Central line of square Fig. 58. The central circle is placed exactly in the center of imaginary square and the size of the square is same as the size of the plan.
Phillips Exeter library, Rocking ham, NH Architect: Louis I. Kahn
1.4
Organization Volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Large volume Fig. 56.
Medium volume
Small volume
Imaginary square
Structural line
root 2 proportion
Root 2 proportion is used is create a volume of the building . The circular opening is placed exactly in the center of square so it becomes a geometrical importance into building.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► Through the use of Modulor system (refer figure no: 1 on page no: 2) and golden section of building space is generated. ►► Repetition and proportion of the similar spaces have generated an unique form of the building. ►► Width of the cell is 2.26 mts as per module and three cells form module. 19 such modules are used in second floor for space organization. Refer figure no:56 (A) ►► It is grid organization in plan.
Fig. 59. Plan of the Monastery . All the spaces are derived from le corbusier modulor system. C
-- On the second floor all the cells and services are placed. Individual cell is based on the module. Three cells create one module and this module is repeated in all the space. Refer figure no :62 A : Second Floor Plan
Fig. 62. system
Basic module of spaces are derived from le corbusier’s modular
Monastery of La Touretic, Paris Architect: Le Corbusier
1.5 B : Ground Floor Plan Fig. 61.
C : First Floor Plan
Modularity into building Spaces
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 60. system
Golden section and Le corbuisr’s Modulor system are used as spaces distributors. Size of the building, semi open space and open court are also derived from this
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► In this building, major material of construction is reinforced concrete which is used as structural element. ►► Le Corbusier used rhythmic vertical concrete mullions as shading devices. ►► Horizontal window, the vertical mullions and the expressive material derive the language of the building.
Fig. 63. Organization of spaces distributed according to courtyard space can accessible from all the sides
Fig. 65. Circulation. Two different access in the building, one leads to church and the other leads to private spaces and office space.
Fig. 67. Horizontal window on NW and SW facade . Horizonatal mass is dividing the vertical mass.
Fig. 69. Load-bearing columns which line the inside walls and open the facade to long strip windows
Monastery of La Touretic, Paris Architect: Le Corbusier
1.5
organization building material Opening
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 64. Built vs. open on ground floor plan, Larger spaces are used by church and minimal light is taken from horizontal strips. Refer Figure no : 63
Fig. 66.
Monumentality achieved by using concrete. Fig. 68.
Amount of light placed according to space requirement
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► The scale and proportions of spaces, massing of building, openings, etc are created with respect to the Modulor man. ►► Cell height is 2.26 mts. ►► Church height is 8 time of human height. Refer figure no: 65
Monastery of La Touretic, Paris Architect: Le Corbusier
1.5 Large volume Fig. 70.
Medium volume
Small volume
Through the Modulor proportioning system, the building volume is generated. Cell height is exactly 2.26 mts., which is the Le Corbusiers Modulor Height.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
organization building material Opening
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► The entire building is on stilts and the structural formation is grid. The basic dimension of 1 grid is 6.15 x 6.15 metes center to center. ►► This grid structure generated the skeleton of the building and the internal spaces are distributed according to functional requirement and size. ►► The module is constant but when it is changes, it difference by 2 mts. . Refer figure no: 68 ►► One module of structure which is 6.15 x 6.15 mts. has 9 equal parts of small beam than main beam used for structure. Refer figure no : 69 Fig. 71. Hierarchy of space distribution in the ground floor, where most of the spaces are administration space. All the spaces are placed according to module of structural grid 6.15 mts x 6.15 mts. Grid is used as a structural system and because of that many place furniture and internal wall is placed in different way. In this kind of organization, furniture and walls can be placed according to size of work space. Flexibility can be achieved through this organization.
Fig. 72.
Ground floor plan of NID. All the spaces are organized within the grid module.
A Fig. 74.
Basic module of 1 structural grid
National institute of Design, Ahmedabad Architect: Gautam-Gira sarabhai
1.6
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
B
C Fig. 75.
Repetition of module used as part to whole and whole to part.
Fig. 73.
Basic structural system in the building where 6.15 mts. x 6.15 mts. grid placed for space distribution.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► This building has a composite structural system. The major materials of construction are - R.C.C. column, brick in the internal space and outer facade, double- curved shell, waffle slab and metal I-section are in workshop space ►► The openings are pre-fabricated and consists of heat-resisting glass used with metal frames. The basic module of frame is 1.025 metres.
Fig. 76. Organization of spaces on ground floor, where all the spaces open into the courtyard so it is generates cluster within grid structure.
Fig. 79. Composite structural system used in this building. Exposed bricks is used as the skin for the building and structural member of concrete is breaking the mass of bricks. Expression of building is change by using two different materials.
Fig. 81. Building is design as the structural geometry it has individual modules with large mass of building. Modules has benefit for taking sky light from the roof. Some of the place R.C.C shell structure is removed from roof top. Fig. 77. Built vs. open and circulation path on ground floor. Larger amount of circulation is placed on back side of building where the exhibition space, large open space for convocation and mass gathering is placed.
Fig. 80. Concrete structure, metal sections and bricks create vocabulary of building. All the materials are not flushed because of the all the material has different properties, if the all the material flushed the cracked will seen by every one. Smaller details are also expressed into this building. Outdoor units of ac is placed on the structural beams.
Fig. 82. Metal section used as floor for second floor. Electrical fixtures are suspended on this over head grid. The flooring of this floor is made out of two modules. 5 cm wide channel is maintain within this two module for the electrical line is passing trough this.
National institute of Design, Ahmedabad Architect: Gautam-Gira sarabhai
Fig. 83. Column spacing on the ground floor are 6.15 mts center to center. Above floor consist of a grid of waffle beams 2.05 mts center to center for carry the Machin loads. Fig. 78. Built vs. open and circulation on first floor. Workshop space, studios and library is placed on this floor all the spaces are connected through this corridor which is place for informal meeting space.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 84. Glassing modular in outer facade of building. A module of 1.025 meter in width is used trough out the building.
1.6
Organization building material opening
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Research Based Design Dissertation
►► This building is generated through frame structure with columns and beams. The repetition of these modules generates the spaces in the building. ►► Grid of the building is useful for the organization of spaces. ►► All the spaces are oriented towards the courtyard.
Administration and faculties area Workshop Studio
C
A
Lecture space Fig. 85. Organization of spaces is based on the module of the grids. Refer figure no: 86
Fig. 87.
Grid formation of building
Fig. 88. Unit of one grid and trough the repetition of the grid classroom arranged.
B Fig. 89.
Using the basic module and its repetation through the studio design.
Indubhai Parekh School of Architecture, Rajkot Architect: Kishor Trivedi
1.7
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 86.
Plan
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►► In this building, major materials of constructions are concrete and bricks. ►► All the windows are in a module. The placement of the windows is according to north - south orientation. ►► Classroom and lecture spaces are not different space but are a space within another.
Fig. 90. Spaces are oriented towards the open spaces and are well connected. These spaces are used for huge gathering. Refer figure no: 92
Fig. 93.
Fig. 91. Hierarchy of open - semi open - built is placed according to the use of the space. Open spaces are used for informal activities, semi open are used as informal and formal space and built area are used for formal activities. Semi open space is the threshold between informal and formal spaces.
Massing and form of the building
Fig. 94.
Fig. 92. Strong straight main axis from the entrance till the toilet space. Through axis all the passages divert.
Openings and open spaces are oriented towards north and south
Fig. 95.
Modules of frame structure create space within building
Indubhai Parekh School of Architecture, Rajkot Architect: Kishor Trivedi
1.7 Fig. 96. light.
Opening (2.6 mts x 3.0 mts) as a module . They are oriented towards north for borrowing defused
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 97.
Organization of spaces are use in a such a way that activities occur during the year.
organization building material opening
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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►► Scale, masses and volumes are generated according to climate and the orientation of the building. ►► Large volumes of the building are placed in south side so that the internal courts are shaded the noon.
Indubhai Parekh School of Architecture, Rajkot Architect: Kishor Trivedi
1.7
Volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Large volume Fig. 98.
Medium Volume
Small Volume
Scale within the building spaces change according to requirements and activities. Height of studios is 3.5 mts. and the height of the covered gathering spaces differ. So hierarchy of volumes are generated according to their usage and requirements.
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►► Using square as a module and repeating it to achieve form of the building of spaces. ►► The proportions of spaces are derived from the basic geometric shape : square and is related to hierarchy of functions.
Rooms Kitchen Lecture hall Corridor Fig. 99.
All the spaces distributed along the three axes shown in figure.
Rooms
Projection
Toilet
Corridor
Fig. 103. Hierarchy of spaces according to functions: Open spaces -Corridor - Services - Room - Open spaces. Size of the space are derived with respect to functions.
Fig. 100. Open court is surrounded by rooms according to common typology of Haveli in hot and dry climate
A Y module is derived from 4x module Fig. 101. Through the repetition of module X(shown in figure no: 95), module Y is generated ( Y=4x in size). This module is used as a basic module which is also used in dormitories and garden.
Management Development Center, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje
B
basic grid for Access Modules structre Fig. 102. Repetition of squares through that building module generate part to whole and whole to part
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
1.8 Corridor
Services
Rooms
Projection
geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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►► This building is a composite structure. The major materials of construction are - RCC and bricks. ►► Arches and circular openings are a few attractive elements. ►► The volume of space is differs according to the requirement of functions of the space.
Rooms Kitchen Lecture hall Corridor Fig. 104. Spaces are oriented toward the open court and these open spaces are well connected. These spaces are used as large gathering spaces.
Fig. 105. Built vs. open. Built area is surrounded by large open space.
Fig. 106. Circulation
Management Development Center, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje
1.8
organization volume Large volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 107. The scale of the common gathering spaces more than the working spaces.
Medium Volume
Small Volume
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â–şâ–ş Repetition of square as a module to form functional spaces and these spaces differs in size according to humour occupancy.
Fig. 108. Distribution of spaces according to pathway and hierarchy of functional spaces. Hierarchy of function is based on this pattern - - Corridor (All the people can access from out side) - Dining area ( There are two dining area one for students and the other for faculties) - Service area for dining spaces - Kitchen and than Wash area
A Fig. 110. Hierarchy of modules according to functions
Fig. 112. Basic modules according to functions
Dinning Hall and Kitchen at I.I.M, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje
B Fig. 109. Plan
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 111. Module size change with respect to functions
1.9
Geometry in plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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►► This building is a composite structure system. Major materials of construction are RCC Column, bricks. ►► The height of the building is some throughout but the internal spaces change according to functional requirement.
Fig. 113. Organization of spaces and hierarchy of public and private spaces
Fig. 114. Built vs. open
Fig. 115. Movement
Dinning Hall and Kitchen at I.I.M, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje
1.9
organization volume
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Large volume Fig. 116. Scale and volume change according to requirement of spaces
Medium Volume
Small Volume
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►► In this building various shapes are used to achieve the outer form. ►► Geometric shapes such as square, the root 2 proportion, the octagon have been used in functional spaces. ►► Octagon shape is derived from square shape by chamfering corners.
Fig. 117. Organization of spaces
Fig. 118. Octagonal shape is the prime shape for organization of the auditorium
C
Fig. 121. Auditorium generated through geometric proportions.
Ravi Mathai Center, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje Year of built:
B
A
Fig. 120. Root 2 proportion in computer wing
Fig. 119. Geometric formation of building
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
1.10
geometry in plan
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►► The Form of the building is generate through the connectivity between two different functional buildings. ►► The major materials of construction are - RCC, bricks. ►► Circular openings show similarity between two buildings.
Fig. 122. Relation between two complexes of IIM: administration block and auditorium
Fig. 123. Built vs. open
Fig. 124. Circulation
Ravi Mathai Center, Ahmedabad Architect: Anant Raje Year of built:
1.10 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
organization
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Fig. 125. In this matrix, the buildings studied are put on one platform to understand form, structure and function based on geometry and to understand their functionality.
Observation and Inferences
1.11 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Fig. 126. In these matrix how organization work according to main three query as reserch.
Observation and Inferences
1.11 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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2. Project Brief 2.1 Introduction: ►► To understand geometry and proportion in architecture, I have chosen to work on National Design Institute, Kurukshetra as a platform where people can explore their ideas, interact with each other, motivate others through their works based on the motto "study together, work together and live together." ►► National Institute of Design is internationally acclaimed as one of the best educational and research institutions for Industrial, Communication, Textile and IT Integrated (Experiential) Design. It is an Institute of National Importance under Ministry of Commerce and Industry, Government of India. ►► National Institute of Design offers professional education programmes at Bachelors and Masters level with five faculty streams and 20 diverse design domains. ►► The NID at Kurukshetra will be set up over an area of about 20 acres. The campus will provide education to 500 - 700 undergraduate and postgraduate students with a teaching faculty of about 100 and supporting technical staff of 150 people. ►► In this 4-year intensive professional Bachelor of Design (B.Des.) Programme is offered in the following areas of specialization:
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
►► Faculty of Industrial Design -- Product Design 15 -- Furniture Design 10 -- Ceramic & Glass Design 10 ►► Faculty of Communication Design: -- Graphic Design 15 -- Animation Film Design 15 -- Film & Video Communication 10 -- Exhibition (Spatial) Design 10 ►► Faculty of Textile, Apparel and Lifestyle Accessory Design: -- Textile Design 15 -- The Projected Number of seats in B.Des.: 100/year ►► In 2 and half year intensive professional Master of Design (M.Des.) Programme is offered in the following area of specialization: -- Product Design 15 -- Furniture Design 15 -- Ceramic & Glass Design 10 -- Graphic Design 15 -- Animation Film Design 10 -- Film & Video Communication 10 -- Transportation & Automobile Design 10 -- Textile Design 15 -- Apparel Design 10 -- The projected number of seats in M.Des.: 100/year
2.2 Physical Manifestation:
congested.
In this institute, Administration area, students's working space as studios and workshops, library, computer lab, exhibition spaces both temporary and permanent, mass gathering spaces like auditorium, amphitheater, open area for festival, refreshment area of canteen, play area, parking space and accommodation for students and faculties.
►► Exhibition area: -- There shall be two types of Exhibition area:
►► Administration: -- Administration block shall have all the common facilities which will be shared by the director, faculties, the administration staff,etc. -- It shall be easily accessible by every one and visitors can access the administration and reception area directly. -- All the data of institute will be available here and it shall be close to the Administration Head Office. -- Cashier space - locker room which shall not be accessible to all; except the staff. ►► Library: -- Reading area which is lit primarily by the day light. -- The reference section shall only be accessed by the librarian and under his/her supervision students and faculties can access books or data. -- Cloak room shall be outside the library. -- Storage space shall be accessible only by the librarian. -- Audio/ visual information shall be provided with a separate area. ►► Computer lab: -- 100 students can access lab at a time. -- This place is air conditioned. Server room shall be placed such that it remains cool at all time. -- Software and hardware storage can be accessible only by computer lab in charge and its near his/her cabin. -- Printing area and Xerox area shall be near the computer lab. 4'0" long printer, a3 size printer and 1 Xerox machine. ►► Auditorium: -- Minimum 500 seats capacity. -- It will have all the required spaces and criteria for auditorium. -- Entrance shall be a semi covered space with appropriate volume so when people gather here this space does not seem
-- Permanent Exhibition -- Temporary Exhibition
-- Permanent exhibition space shall have the display of the works of the previous academic year. -- It might not be a room or a large space. -- Some of the works are display in large space if needed. -- Exhibition area shall be accessible easily by visitors. -- Retail shop is near the exhibition area, where products developed by the students are sold. -- It shall have storage space and cloak room. -- Temporary exhibition shall be space near the workshop area, studios which can also be used during festival times. ►► Canteen: -- It shall be an informal space in this institute. -- It shall be common gathering space. -- It shall have open and semi covered space. -- It shall be also connected with sports room so in free time students/faculties can play there. ►► Studio: -- There are different nature of studios for different departments. -- They shall have their own store rooms, display areas, equipment area and working spaces. -- Studio size may vary according to requirement of studio. ►► Workshop: -- Workshop space shall be connected to the studios. -- Nature of workshops might change according to space requirement. -- Storage space shall be more.. ►► Amphitheater/Informal spaces: -- It shall be mass gathering space for festivals and events. -- Nature of space according to space requirement.
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2.3 area requirement
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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is 150 kmts. away from the Kurukshetra. So I can relate and understand the region climate, organization and the how the sizes of open spaces matter while designing an institute in this region.
2.4 Criteria for programmatic case study In this chapter, the focus is on the distribution of spaces, what kind of spaces are required for this type of institute, what kind of organization is followed for on campus spaces and activities. I have gone through these three building for understanding programmatic case studies: 1. National Institute of Design at Ahmedabad 2. Melbourne Institute of Design at Melbourne 3. Visual Art Center at Rohtak 1. National Institute of Design at Ahmedabad In this building, the focus is on the functional spaces and their relation with the distribution of these spaces, and the kind of workshops, studios and other spaces required. What is the space requirement according the functions. 2. Melbourne Institute of Design at Melbourne I have chosen this building because, here all the functions are placed within the one mass and are used by everyone. And also to understand how common gathering spaces and multifunctional spaces work.
To understand how functions are incorporated in design institute building, I have placed these 3 buildings on a common platform to look for the similarities. These are the layers which are used for understand the buildings. 1. Organization of spaces :
-- In this layer the focus is on the organization of spaces and their relation with Open - Semi open - Built spaces.
2. Interrelated spaces:
-- How spaces are interrelated with functions
3. Circulation:
-- Collaborating the organization and circulation path.
4. Built vs. Open :
-- Relation between the open spaces and built spaces.
5. Functional spaces built within one mass : -- What kind of functional spaces built within the built mass and what kind of spaces can be placed near the building mass.
6. Scale and Volume in Section :
-- Scale and volumes are useful to understand spaces in the 3rd dimension and how these spaces are related to the human scale.
7. Building Form :
-- Through all of these layers how building form can be generated.
This study is used for achieving program of this institute and also to organize spaces. Where and what kind of spaces I have to place, how much I need the space as in sizes.
3. Visual Art Center at Rohtak This institute is built near Haryana National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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â–şâ–ş In this building the spaces are distributed according to the hierarchy of function : -- On ground floor : administration area -- On first floor : studios and workshops -- On second floor : studios and auditorium
Fig. 131. envelop of the building
Fig. 127. Site plan where all the spaces are distribute according to the site and functions.
Fig. 128. Main functions of the ground floor are administration, Director's office, faculties area and glass - ceramic workshop.
Fig. 132. courtyard space
Fig. 133. Mass gathering space
National Institute of Design,Ahmedabad Architect: Gautam-Gira Sarabhai Year of built:
2.5 Fig. 129. Main functions of the first floor are library, computer lab, metal and wood workshop, printing area,etc.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 130. Main functions of the second floor are auditorium, studios and textile lab,etc
organization
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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â–şâ–ş Hierarchy of spaces change according to functions.
Fig. 134. Hierarchy of open - semi open and built mass on ground floor
Fig. 135. Relation between built and open on first floor
Fig. 136. Hierarchy of open - semi open and built mass on second floor
Fig. 137. Functional relation on site : 1. Main campus is located near the main road because it is easily accessible 2. There is a buffer space between main campus and residential area 3. Secondary access is use only for residence
Fig. 138. Functional relation on Ground Floor : 1. Functions are located around the courtyard and light and ventilation are carried from that courtyard space 2. Movement changes according to space requirement and it is interlinked with each other, so people can pass from one space to other space easily
Fig. 139. Functional relation on First Floor: 1. Workshop space are located on first floor all workshop are linked with each other through the visual and physical movement 2. Workshop , library and Computer lab are used by every one so it located in between two floor Ground Floor and second floor
Fig. 140. Workshop area
Fig. 141. Automobile studio
Fig. 142. Communication studio
National Institute of Design,Ahmedabad Architect: Gautam-Gira Sarabhai Year of built:
2.5
organization
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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►► Building’s centre court is the most important space in terms of functions. The central court is used for gathering.
Fig. 145. Built mass and volume generate according to space requirement
Fig. 150. Building envelop
Fig. 143. Distribution of spaces on first floor Fig. 151. Informal space at the entrance of the building
Fig. 146. Spill over spaces in corridor
Fig. 147. Diagram showing spaces connecting the central court
Fig. 152. Furniture flexibility in exhibition area
Fig. 153. Jury space at central court
Melbourne School of Design, Melbourne Architect: Year of built:
2.6 Fig. 144. Distribution of spaces on third floor
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 148. Space distribution diagram shown that all the spaces are connected to the central court
Fig. 149. services (staircase, toilet , etc.) are near by the working area
organization
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►► In this building studios and workshops are distribute according to the functions of the space. Different departments are placed in different areas but all of them are connected to central court. ►► The hierarchy of spaces like open - semi open and built are placed according to climate.
Fig. 156. Site organization
Fig. 159. Space distribution within 1 cluster
Fig. 157. Cluster organization
Fig. 158. Connectivity between two diffrent department
Fig. 160. Built envelop within the site
Fig. 154. Different departments are distributed on site with individual cluster Fig. 161. Central court
Fig. 162. Arrangement of spaces along the central court
Visual art center, Rohtak Architect: Raj Rewal Year of built:
2.7
organization
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 155. Volume of the spaces differ according to the requirement of space.
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3. site and surrounding 3.1 introduction:
Fig. 163. Haryana located in India map
►► The site is located in Kurukshetra District of Haryana. It is near the National Highway No 1, 5 km away from Pipli chowk on Delhi-Chandigarh highway where all the buses and transportation are available and nearest railway station is 7 km from the site. ►► Coordinates: 29.965717 N 76.837006 E ►► Altitude : 260 m above the sea level ►► Climate : summer : max - 42 c. min - 35 c.
Fig. 167. Formation of site, surrounding context, site area and building noums
winter : max - 22 c. min - 7 c.
►► Rainfall - 582 annual ►► Climate of the Kurukshetra is subbtropical. ►► Surroundings of the site are mostly agricultural land and towards the west, there is a polytechnic college under construction. ►► A total slope of the site is 3mts and the site is almost flat. ►► Wind flows is from north - west to south.
Fig. 169. Site Fig. 168. Foundation stone laying on site Fig. 164. kurukshetra located in Haryana state
Fig. 170. Ongoing construction of neighboring institute
Fig. 171. Access to the institute from the national highway 1
Fig. 172. Buffer space between site and the service road
Fig. 173. Paddy farms on the south side of the site.
Fig. 165. Proposed NID located in city map of kurukshetra
3.2 Fig. 166. Location of NID
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
site analysis
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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Freedom to take a risk as a designing student one has to learn that. If one is restricted, he/ she cannot experience anything new. Freedom for choice, where opinions are of great importance and one should learn to choose what they want or prefer. It also gives the students to an opportunity to open up their mind and adapt flexibility.
In this chapter I have tried to represent this idea into my deign.
4. Implication 4.1 idea for institute Every institute has a motto and philosophy behind their education system. This Philosophy is represented into their students and culture of the institute and it reflects onto their works and life style. As a designer of the building, we have to reflect this idea into the built environment and we have to make these kinds of spaces where idea is reflect to the people who live in that space. “Learning To Know and Learning To Do” - Gautam Sarabhai NID is based on creative field toward designing. It is a one of the finest college of designing in India and also acknowledged internationally. It has its own identity which is reflected in the culture of the institute and the students’ life style. The designing students are more creative and have freedom to achieve everything. There are no restriction toward their work and are encouraged to achieve their ideas or design. The attitude will be fearless, more flexible, and more confident. For that I have chosen few words as a concept and base my design development. These are that words which are reflected into any students of design field: Courage, Equality, Faith, Freedom, Opinion, Power and Risk. Forms which I had chosen reflect in my design as a base of designing. -- EQUALITY -- POWER -- FREEDOM ►►
EQUALITY :
►►
POWER :
►►
FREEDOM :
Everyone is at the same place no one is better than another. Students - Faculties - Staff are the same platform, so the environment is more flexible and they share their space with each other. Power shows the boldness in attitude. As a designing students they have to be bold and take a stand for their idea and towards their work. Because if you have the courage and power, you will achieve the idea and try to do something new.
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3.2
site analysis
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 Fig. I. P.174. Schoolsite of analysis Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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►► In this design, Equality plays a major role as all the spaces have equal importance. Everyone can reach in everywhere and share that place commonly and equally. ►► Using this concept I have proposed a large open space and that space is used by every one.
Fig. 179. Built mass on site
Fig. 175. By using basic shapes and dividing them into equal parts. The outer spaces are used by everyone equally and it is the platform for interaction spaces.
Fig. 177. Functional distribution where studios, workshop and administration area are placed in different spaces but all of them are directed into one common gathering space.
Fig. 180. Height of building is equal from all side
Fig. 181. Shaded spaces
4.2 Fig. 176. Placing shapes on site
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 178. Different nature of spaces are placed in different place but all are connect trough one or more elements so building look like one mass
Equality
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►► By using the term power, I want to show that the built form is strong and powerful enough. It is a massive structure placed and all the studios , workshops and other space are placed within these mass. ►► The axis guides you and lead you toward your building.
Fig. 182. Using basic shapes and facing them according concern
Fig. 183. Functional area distribution
Fig. 187. Siting on ground
Fig. 184. Massing on site
Fig. 188. Entrance will represent the power
Fig. 189. Massing and relation with open- semi open - built .
4.2 Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
power
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 185. Two exes lead you to different spaces. Straight axis leads you to the academic block and other axis leads you to administration block.
Fig. 186. Power of the institute is represented from the built form and placement of spaces along the strong axis.
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►► Freedom for movement and choices/ options to access different path for reach one space from another. Flexibility in using spaces. Openness of spaces can be used in outdoors as spill over spaces. ►► Flexibility in using one module at other spaces.
Fig. 190. Freedom will represent through movement and usage of spaces
Fig. 191. Movement defined by placement of modules Fig. 196. Massing on site
Fig. 197. Entrance will be free from the restriction for institute
Fig. 192. Placement of functions
Fig. 193. Visualization and massing of building is placed such that where everyone can feel free. The lower part of the building is semi open space and all the informal activities take place here.
Fig. 198. Massing of building
4.2 Fig. 194. Movement are not restricted as per concern of freedom
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 195. Placement of spaces
Freedom
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â–şâ–ş Through the process of idea and concern which I have mentioned earlier. I have done some further sketching in the process of design development.
Fig. 203. Massing on site Fig. 199. According to both the concern freedom and power, spaces are distributed on site
Fig. 200. basic plan of administration
Fig. 201. spaces are distribution in building
Fig. 202. Massing on site
Fig. 204. Conceptual section of auditorium
Fig. 206. Spaces between two different functional space and also connect to
canteen Fig. 207. Corridors are used for circulation, seating space for interaction and also for connectivity from one floor to another. Scale of the corridor is based on human height.
Fig. 208. Semi- covered space is use for installment of design approaches and also the volume of this space for mass gathering.
Fig. 205. Hierarchy of open space into verticality
Fig. 211. Entrance space where two axis divert
4.3
conceptual sketches
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 209. Courtyard are in administration area.
Fig. 210. Below part of the building is used as informal space and upper part is used for formal activities
Fig. 212. Movement and open - built space relation
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Fig. 213. Average human height of Indian and according to that height and width size is taken.
Fig. 214. Basic module of the square and relation with each other numbers.
►► In the process of conceptualization the idea of the institute has been kept in mind into scale so I can make spaces with dimensional and proportionate. ►► Geometry as tool of designing in the case studies as criteria of understanding structure based on geometry. In these inferences, I have looked on how one module can help for making spaces and how they used for organization. ►► I have taken average human height as 1.65mts and according to anthropometry. If one man stands in a space with his hands up, he needs 2.12 mts. For him to access and if two men stand with straight hand and additional space they need approx. 4.2 mts. as shown in figure no: 233 ►► According to geometric method of halving the square, area of the large square is twice the area of smaller one. I took 4.2mts x 4.2mts. square and make smaller square and large the square according to this halving method. So I have get series of numbers where I can take that number as modules. These are the numbers which i get from 4.2mts x 4.2mts square : Smaller than 4.2 : 2.97, 2.10, 1.48, 1.05,0.74, 0.53, 0.37,... Larger than 4.2 : 5.94, 8.40, 11.87, 16.80, 23.75,..... ►► These are used according to Human comfort.
4.4 Fig. 215. Dimensions are used according to human comfort and how that dimensions are used for volume - width of passage - height of furnitures, etc.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Modular system
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►► According to dimension I have generated a module of 6mts x 6mts grid and 1.5mts wide for services and a grid of 6mts x 6mts grid. ►► Based on this module, I have taken/ chosen individual space of Administration, Studio, Workshop, Library, Service area and explored how the module is used in that space. ►► This is the basic grid. This can be used for various functions such as in the Administration, Studio, Workshop, Library, Service area. ►► Expressions and orientation will change according to function among which the placement of grid is use in the same way.
Fig. 216. Basic module of space. 6mts x 6mts space and then 1.5mts wide circulation path. That space is used for services. Outer passage is 2.1 mts wide.
Fig. 217. Module of Administration area. Working space, Furniture for store and Circulation area.
Fig. 218. Module of workshop
Fig. 219. Module of studio
Fig. 220. Module of library area
Fig. 221. Module of toilet and staircase area
Implementation of modular Into functional requirement
4.5 Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
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5. Design 5.1 design process According to the module system and learning and inferences from the case studies. I have developed this structure based on geometry as a tool for organization of spaces and through this I have tried to achieve the planning of spaces. But the organization can be placed in many ways, so I took a tree as an analogy for organization. Here the branches are used as different departments of the institute. Administration area, Studios, Workshops placed according to the analogy of tree. As per the analogy, when branches divide from the trunk that node is defined as the sharing point of the branch. So that node of tree is used as the node for approaching spaces within individual spaces. The hierarchy of nodes is used for making open and accessible spaces for another activities spaces. These are the nodes where everyone can meet and it act as a common sharing courtyard. Branches are used for defining the space of different departments as they are organized according to the tree analogy. As a motto of institute is “Freedom�, so all the spaces are connected to each other. All the spaces can be accessible by everyone and there is no restriction for circulation. Each branch is different but they are connected to each other. With the motto of institute, Analogy of tree and using the Module, the spaces are organized accordingly.
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►► As per analogy and Modular system spaces are organized. ►► Use cluster in individual spaces and hierarchy of spaces are distributed according to this concept. ►► With the concern of geometry all the spaces are worked out accordingly from to part to whole method.
1. Parking 2. Common sharing space where deferent space distribute 3. Mass gathering space 4. Common sharing space within cluster 5. Functional spaces 6. Large open space between academic area and residence space
Fig. 222. Organization of spaces on site by using the concept of analogy of tree.
Fig. 223. Basic cluster level diagram. Branching of clusters
Fig. 227. Use module for part to whole and whole to part organization
5.1
Design Process
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 224. Diagram of spaces distribution on site
Fig. 225. Spaces organization with respect to analogy
Fig. 226. Use modular for organization of spaces
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►► This is the first approach where all the spaces are organized according to the modules. ►► The basic grid is taken for circulation path from large to small area is 8.4mts- 4.2mts. -2.1mts. ►► Courtyard is placed with respect to the circulation path and built mass. Fig. 229. built mass on site
Fig. 234. corridor are defined by modular system
Fig. 230. administration block
Fig. 235. hierarchy of built - semi open - open spaces
Fig. 231. central court between to department
Fig. 236. accessibility from path way of canteen
Fig. 232. courtyard within small cluster Fig. 237. built envelop from canteen
5.1 Fig. 228. 1st approch of organization of spaces on site with the using modules
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 233. entrance
Design Process first approach
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►► The organization is done by the module and cluster formation. Playing with different scale for organization of spaces. ►► Here I have worked on the cluster organization for functions, circulation movement, node or junction between two different spaces, hierarchy of open - semi open - built spaces. ►► Controlling green spaces and incorporating trees entire exterior of site to merge with the ones in the court.
5.1
Fig. 238. Circulation within the mass of the building
Fig. 239. All the spaces are placed according to cluster and when two spaces meet that place have large space for gathering.
Fig. 240. Green space are also important and its placed according to organization
Fig. 241. Relation between open - semi open - built and the vegetation
Design Process
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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5.1 Fig. 242. GROUND FLOOR PLAN : 2nd approach for designing where it is placed according to modules and concern of freedom with the analogy of tree. Open spaces distributed according to requirement.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Design Process Second Approach Ground floor plan
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5.1
Design Process Second Approach First floor plan
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 243. FIRST FLOOR PLAN : studios, printing workshop, computer lab and library placed with the hierarchy of open - semi open - built
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5.1 Fig. 244. SECOND FLOOR PLAN : Studios are placed on these floor. Outside of studio there are spill over spaces where people can use this space for working
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Design Process Second Approach Second floor plan
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►► According to the Aim, geometry is used in the organization of spaces in the plan and it has relation with proportion to create volumes. ►► In these sections I have tried to incorporate same modules for facade treatment, mass of building, window size also relating the module. ►► Administration area is 3 mts high. ►► In workshops the clear height is 4.2 mts. because of the functions. ►► Studio space are 3 mts height. ►► Semi open spaces are 2.1 mts high so when one comes from outside, through semi open space into the workspace, the experience of height changes according to functions. ►► For circulation I have taken width and height 2.1mts. When spaces change, the scale changes accordingly to modules. ►► Ground floor functional spaces have open space as ground but when you climb up the first floor and second floor they have terraces which act as a ground for that.
5.1
Design Process Second Approach Sections
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 245. Semi open space are also used for outside work so it is the spill over space for studios and workshop . These kind of spaces are useful for ceramic and glass workshops. Ground floor have 4.2 mts height for circulation, first floor have 3 mts. height and second floor have 2.1 mts height. This height is defined according to their usage.
Fig. 246. In the administration area hierarchy of height work according to their usage.
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Fig. 250. Administration block with the courtyard
-- 1. East side Facade have hierarchy of built mass because of it is oriented towards highway and it have large mass and minimal opening.
Fig. 251. Courtyard scale according to modules
-- 2. North side Facade have larger size of window so diffused light can be get inside the space. The basic module of the window is 2.1 mts x 2.1 mts. The puncture on wall also related to window size.
Fig. 252. Secondary court which is according to hierarchy of nodes
-- 3. West side Facade have mass which is projecting out for protection from sun and the window size is also placed according to orientation. The basic module of the window is 1.5mts x 1.5 mts but it is divide into 4 equal parts and within that parts some part is open and some is flexible to open and others are opaque. So different experience of light can be felt inside the built area.
-- 4. South side Facade have minimal openings placed because of the climate. The basic module of the window is 0.55mts x 0.55 mts. Lights will be achieve from north side courtyard. Most of the facade is blank and it is also related to east side faced for massing.
Fig. 253. Solid mass with projected semi covered semi open space on SE facade
Fig. 254. Internal space for faculties area with the courtyard to gating light.
Fig. 247. Treatment of facade is generate trough the module. All the openings are related to their orientation and building envelop.
5.1 Fig. 248. Massing on se side entrance
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 249. Minimal opening on se side.
Design Process Second Approach Sections - Model
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Fig. 255. Connectivity between two diffrent spaces.
5.2
Fig. 256. Green zone placed in thecenter.
Fig. 257. Organization of the spaces. built vs. open
Design process
Jaydip M. J. b- 3610 I. P. School of Architecture, Rajkot.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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Fig. 258. Ground Floor Plan- Diffrent Accessibilty for building blocks. open - semi open -built heirarchy
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.2
Design Process Final Design Ground Floor Plan
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Fig. 259. First Floor Plan- Terreces are used as ground for first floor level.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.2
Design Process Final Design First Floor Plan
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Fig. 260. Sections of Administration Area. -Built Mass and volume according to spaces
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.2
Design Process Section Administration
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Fig. 261. Sections of Studio and Library Area. -Built Mass and volume according to spaces
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.2
Design Process Section Administration
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Fig. 262. Sections of Workshop and Amphitheater Area. -Built Mass and volume according to spaces
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.2
Design Process Section Administration
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Fig. 263. Entrance and Security cabin
Fig. 264. First Central court where all the spaces distributed
Fig. 265. Placement of the spaces
Fig. 266. Admiistration Block
Fig. 267. Green area in between Library and Studio
Fig. 268. Studio blocks and inbetwween green zone
Fig. 269. Admiistration area court. Size of the court is according to heirarchy of scale.
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.3
Design Process Model
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Fig. 274. Outlet and parking area for outsiders.
Fig. 271. Central court near workshop area. Use as Mass Gathering space.
Fig. 275. Common gathering space for Convocations.
Fig. 270. Heirarchy of Court according to spaces.
Fig. 272. Open spaces in between building mass. Fig. 276. Central court between two studio block.
5.3 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 273. Administration Area court area.
Design Process Model
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Fig. 279. South facade of institute
Fig. 277. Bird Eye view of institute
Fig. 278. Entrance Court Fig. 280. Faculties Etrance area
5.3 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Design Process Virtual Model
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Fig. 281. Adminnistration Entrance
Fig. 284. Central Court of Administration Block
Fig. 285. Internal view of Faculties area
Fig. 282. Central Court of Administrattion Block
Fig. 286. Secondary court of administration area
5.3 Fig. 283. Central Space between workshop area and acadamic block
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 287. Secondary court of administration area
Design Process Virtual Model administration
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Fig. 288. Entrance Court and Auditorium area and library area
Fig. 289. Convocation ground and library block
Fig. 291. Entrance steps of Institute building for main gathering
Fig. 292. First floor passage for studio
Fig. 293. Library double height space
Fig. 290. Connection between Library and Studio block
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.3
Design Process Virtual Model auditorium/library
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Fig. 294. Sectional view of Studio block . heirarchy of Open- Semi open - Built area
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 295. Sectional view of Studio block . heirarchy of Open- Semi open - Built area
5.3
Design Process Virtual Model Studio
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Fig. 299. Corridor at workshop area and Amphitheater
Fig. 296. Workshop area and open space
Fig. 300. Semi Covered space for workshop Fig. 297. Central Court space inbetween workshop and canteen area
Fig. 298. Corridor at workshop area and Amphitheater
Fig. 301. Internal view of workshop
National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
5.3
Design Process Virtual Model workshop
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Fig. 302. Organization of spaces in site area
Fig. 303. Heirarchhy of open spaces and court distribution
5.2 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Design Process diagram
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7. Bibliography -- Ching, Francis D.K., Architecture Form-Space and Order, New Jersey, Wiley, 2015, Print -- Sutton, Andrew, Ruler and Compass: practical geometric construction, New York, Bloomsburry, 2009, Print -- Baker, Geoffrey H., Le Corbusier: an analysis of form, London- New York, Routledge, Print -- Ronner, Heinz and Sharad Jhaveri, Louis I. Kahn: complete work 1935-1974, Zurich, Birkaduser, Print -- Pandya, Yatin, Vastu- Shilpa Foundation, Elements of space making, United State of America, Grantha Corporation, 2014, Print -- Brownlee, David B., David G. Delong and Vincent Scully, Louis I. Kahn: In the realm of architecture, China, Thames and Hudson, Print -- Rowe, Colin, The Mathematics of Ideal Villa And Eassays, United State of America, MIT press paperbook, 1987, Print -- archdaily.com -- wikipedia.org -- geometry of design by kimberly elam -- http://ranjan mp _ ahmedabad university _ nid history resources - academia.edu.html -- http://flavorwire.com/330293/10-amazing-examples-of-architecture-inspired-by-mathematics/7 031214 16:17 -- http://www.mtc.edu.eg/asat13/pdf/cv14.pdf 041214 16:37 -- http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/list_of_works_designed_with_the_golden_ratio -- www.nid.edu -- bibliocad.com -- National institute of design, documentation 1964-69 by printed by r. k. banerjee at the national institute of design, paldi, ahmedabad 7, india © nid, ahmedabad, 1969 -- Kahn – interests, influences & precedents october 7, 2013 by samlabs -- geometric proportions: the underlying structure of design process for islamic geometric patterns loai m.dabbourn -- department of architectural engineering and building systems, alzaytoonah university of jordan,amman11733,jordan -- mathesis bound: kahn's geometry and its context by jacqueline gargus ohio state university -- geometry of reading, light of learning : louis i. kahn’s library at philips exeter by shanon mattern -- nid comes to kurukshetra, union minister lays foundation at umri the indian express: chandigarh, thu may 23 2013, 03:41 hrs -- cad drawings : i.p.school of architecture by kishore trivedi -- the journal of the american institute of architects : Faculty of Architecture, Building and Planning, designed by John Wardle Architects and NADAAA in collaboration by IAN VOLNER -- All the photographs of melbourne school of design by © Peter Bennetts
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7. List of Illustrations: Fig. 1. The Modulor : Le courbusier generate this proportioning system. 2 Fig. 2. Golden ration and Fibonacci series 2 Fig. 3. Golden rectangle 2 Fig. 4. Root 2 proportion system 2 Fig. 5. Halving square 2 Fig. 6. Five equal circles geometry 2 Fig. 7. Geometric relation with functional space of dormitories at IIM, Ahmedabad 2 Fig. 8. Placement of building of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 9. Internal space of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 10. 9 equal parts of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 11. Prayer hall of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 12. Organization of the spaces of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 13. Office spaces of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 14. Light shaft of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 15. Ministers’ lounge of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 3 Fig. 16. Centralized organization of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 17. Built vs. open of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 18. Circulation of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 19. Materials for construction of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 20. Geometrical shapes in facades of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 21. Geometrical shapes in facades of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 22. Using geometrical juxtaposition of of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 4 Fig. 23. Building height of National Assembly Building at Dhaka 5 Fig. 24. Centrally organized of Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad 6 Fig. 25. Spaces are distribution of Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad 6 Fig. 26. The geometrical proportion of Library of Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad 6 Fig. 27. Circulation of Library Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad. 6 Fig. 28. X size of module is used in corridor and double the size of the module is used in classrooms. According to the size of module, size of the academic block is derived 6 Fig. 29. Geometric formation in dormitories. Refer figure no: 7 on page no: 2 6 Fig. 30. Root 2 proportion is used in administration block. 6 Fig. 31. Centrally organization building. All the Functions are facing the courtyard. 7 Fig. 32. Built vs. open spaces. Hierarchy of open - semi open - built area is generated within the complex. Semi open space as corridors are used as thresholds between informal spaces and formal spaces. 7 Fig. 33. Linear circulation is placed in front of every space. 7 Fig. 34. Size of opening change according to orientation. 7 Fig. 35. Volume of space and its relation with facade and opening. 7 Fig. 36. Brick arches and concrete lintels. 7 Fig. 37. Circular opening in facade. 7 Fig. 38. Juxtaposition of structural elements near staircase. 7 Fig. 39. Scale of the corridor near dormitories. 7 Fig. 40. Openings on south wall of dormitories. 7 Fig. 41. Scale and volume of Indian Institute of Management at Ahmedabad 8 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 42. Centrally organized space of Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 43. Geometrical proportion of square of Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 44. Geometrical proportion of Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 45. Root 2 proportion in Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 46. Root 2 proportion in Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 47. Built vs. open of Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 48. Circulation of Philips Exeter Library 9 Fig. 49. Openings of Philips Exeter Library 10 Fig. 50. Large circular opening into internal wall of Philips Exeter Library 10 Fig. 51. Root 2 proportion of Philips Exeter Library 10 Fig. 52. Exterior form of Philips Exeter Library 10 Fig. 53. The central circle is placed exactly in the center of Philips Exeter Library 10 Fig. 54. Plan of the Monastery 11 Fig. 56. Modularity into building Spaces 11 Fig. 57. Basic module of spaces are derived from le corbusier’s modular system 11 Fig. 58. Organization of spaces 12 Fig. 60. Circulation. 12 Fig. 61. Monumentality achieved by using concrete. 12 Fig. 62. Horizontal window on NW and SW facade . 12 Fig. 63. Amount of light placed according to space requirement 12 Fig. 64. Load-bearing columns which line the inside walls and open the facade to long strip windows Fig. 65. The Modulor proportioning system 13 Fig. 66. Hierarchy of space distribution 14 Fig. 67. Ground floor plan of NID. 14 Fig. 68. Basic structural system in the building 14 Fig. 69. Basic module of 1 structural grid 14 Fig. 70. Repetition of module used as part to whole and whole to part. 14 Fig. 71. Organization of spaces on ground floor 15 Fig. 72. Built vs. open and circulation path on ground floor 15 Fig. 73. Built vs. open and circulation on first floor. 15 Fig. 74. Composite structural system used in this building 15 Fig. 75. Materials used in building 15 Fig. 76. Building is design as the structural geometry 15 Fig. 77. Materials used in building 15 Fig. 78. Construction system 15 Fig. 79. Glassing modular in outer facade of building 15 Fig. 80. Organization of spaces is based on the module of the grids. Refer figure no: 86 16 Fig. 81. Plan 16 Fig. 82. Grid formation of building 16 Fig. 83. Unit of one grid and trough the repetition of the grid classroom arranged. 16 Fig. 84. Using the basic module and its repetition through the studio design. 16 Fig. 85. Spaces orientation 17 Fig. 86. Hierarchy of open - semi open - built 17 Fig. 87. Strong straight main axis 17 Fig. 88. Massing and form of the building 17 Fig. 89. Openings and open spaces are oriented towards north and south 17 Fig. 90. Modules of frame structure create space within building 17 Fig. 91. Opening (2.6 mts x 3.0 mts) as a module . 17 Fig. 92. Organization of spaces are use in a such a way that activities occur during the year. 17 Fig. 93. Scale within the building spaces 18 Fig. 94. All the spaces distributed along the three axes shown in figure. 19 Fig. 95. Open court is surrounded by rooms according to common typology of Haveli 19 Fig. 96. Modules are used in building 19
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Fig. 97. Repetition of squares through that building module generate part to whole and whole to part 19 Fig. 98. Hierarchy of spaces according to functions: Open spaces -Corridor - Services - Room - Open spaces. 19 Fig. 99. Spaces are oriented toward the open court and these open spaces are well connected. 20 Fig. 100. Built vs. open. 20 Fig. 101. Circulation 20 Fig. 102. The scale of the common gathering spaces more than the working spaces. 20 Fig. 103. Distribution of spaces according to pathway and hierarchy of functional spaces. 21 Fig. 104. Plan 21 Fig. 105. Hierarchy of modules according to functions 21 Fig. 106. Module size change with respect to functions 21 Fig. 107. Basic modules according to functions 21 Fig. 108. Organization of spaces and hierarchy of public and private spaces 22 Fig. 109. Built vs. open 22 Fig. 110. Movement 22 Fig. 111. Scale and volume change according to requirement of spaces 22 Fig. 112. Organization of spaces 23 Fig. 113. Octagonal shape is the prime shape for organization of the auditorium 23 Fig. 114. Geometric formation of building 23 Fig. 115. Root 2 proportion in computer wing 23 Fig. 116. Auditorium generated through geometric proportions. 23 Fig. 117. Relation between two complexes of IIM: administration block and auditorium 24 Fig. 118. Built vs. open 24 Fig. 119. Circulation 24 Fig. 120. Matrix 25 Fig. 121. Matrix 26 Fig. 122. Product Design 27 Fig. 123. Photography Design 27 Fig. 124. Ceramics and Glass Design 27 Fig. 125. Graphic Design 27 Fig. 126. Animation Film Design 27 Fig. 127. Film & Video Communication 27 Fig. 128. Exhibition Design 27 Fig. 129. Apparel Design 28 Fig. 130. Transportation & Automobile Design 28 Fig. 131. Textile Design 28 Fig. 132. Canteen area 28 Fig. 133. Built envelop 28 Fig. 134. Courtyard 28 Fig. 135. Site plan where all the spaces are distribute according to the site and functions. 32 Fig. 136. Main functions of the ground floor 32 Fig. 137. Main functions of the first floor 32 Fig. 138. Main functions of the second floor 32 Fig. 139. envelop of the building 32 Fig. 140. courtyard space 32 Fig. 141. Mass gathering space 32 Fig. 142. Hierarchy of open - semi open and built mass on ground floor 33 Fig. 143. Relation between built and open on first floor 33 Fig. 144. Hierarchy of open - semi open and built mass on second floor 33 Fig. 145. Functional relation on site 33 Fig. 146. Functional relation on Ground Floor 33 Fig. 147. Functional relation on First Floor 33 Fig. 148. Workshop area 33 Fig. 149. Automobile studio 33 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
Fig. 150. Communication studio 33 Fig. 151. Distribution of spaces on first floor 34 Fig. 152. Distribution of spaces on third floor 34 Fig. 153. Built mass and volume generate according to space requirement 34 Fig. 154. Spill over spaces in corridor 34 Fig. 155. Diagram showing spaces connecting the central court 34 Fig. 156. Space distribution diagram shown that all the spaces are connected to the central court Fig. 157. services (staircase, toilet , etc.) are near by the working area 34 Fig. 158. Building envelop 34 Fig. 159. Informal space at the entrance of the building 34 Fig. 160. Furniture flexibility in exhibition area 34 Fig. 161. Jury space at central court 34 Fig. 162. Different departments are distributed on site with individual cluster 35 Fig. 163. Volume of the spaces differ according to the requirement of space. 35 Fig. 164. Site organization 35 Fig. 165. Cluster organization 35 Fig. 166. Connectivity between two diffrent department 35 Fig. 167. Space distribution within 1 cluster 35 Fig. 168. Built envelop within the site 35 Fig. 169. Central court 35 Fig. 170. Arrangement of spaces along the central court 35 Fig. 171. Haryana located in India map 37 Fig. 172. kurukshetra located in Haryana state 37 Fig. 173. Proposed NID located in city map of kurukshetra 37 Fig. 174. Location of NID 37 Fig. 175. site analysis 37 Fig. 176. Formation of site, surrounding context, site area and building noums 37 Fig. 177. Foundation stone laying on site 37 Fig. 178. Site 37 Fig. 179. Ongoing construction of neighboring institute 37 Fig. 180. Access to the institute from the national highway 1 37 Fig. 181. Buffer space between site and the service road 37 Fig. 182. Paddy farms on the south side of the site. 37 Fig. 183. By using basic shapes and dividing them into equal parts. T 39 Fig. 184. Placing shapes on site 39 Fig. 185. Functional distribution 39 Fig. 186. Different nature of spaces are placed in different place 39 Fig. 187. Built mass on site 39 Fig. 188. Height of building is equal from all side 39 Fig. 189. Shaded spaces 39 Fig. 190. Using basic shapes and facing them according concern 40 Fig. 191. Functional area distribution 40 Fig. 192. Massing on site 40 Fig. 193. Two exes lead you to different spaces. 40 Fig. 194. Power of the institute is represented from the built form and placement of spaces . 40 Fig. 195. Siting on ground 40 Fig. 196. Entrance will represent the power 40 Fig. 197. Massing and relation with open- semi open - built . 40 Fig. 198. Freedom will represent through movement and usage of spaces 41 Fig. 199. Movement defined by placement of modules 41 Fig. 200. Placement of functions 41 Fig. 201. Visualization and massing of building 41 Fig. 202. Movement are not restricted as per concern of freedom 41
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Fig. 203. Placement of spaces 41 Fig. 204. Massing on site 41 Fig. 205. Entrance will be free from the restriction for institute 41 Fig. 206. Massing of building 41 Fig. 207. According to both the concern freedom and power, spaces are distributed on site 42 Fig. 208. basic plan of administration 42 Fig. 209. spaces are distribution in building 42 Fig. 210. Massing on site 42 Fig. 211. Massing on site 42 Fig. 212. Conceptual section of auditorium 42 Fig. 213. Hierarchy of open space into verticality 42 Fig. 214. Spaces between two different functional space and also connect to canteen 42 Fig. 215. Scale of the corridor is based on human height. 42 Fig. 216. Semi- covered space is use for installment of design approaches 42 Fig. 217. Courtyard are in administration area. 42 Fig. 218. The building is used as informal space and upper part is used for formal activities 42 Fig. 219. Entrance space where two axis divert 42 Fig. 220. Movement and open - built space relation 42 Fig. 221. Average human height of Indian and according to that height and width size is taken. 43 Fig. 222. Basic module of the square and relation with each other numbers. 43 Fig. 223. Dimensions are used according to human comfort a 43 Fig. 224. Basic module of space. 6mts x 6mts space and then 1.5mts wide circulation path. Outer passage is 2.1 mts wide. 44 Fig. 225. Module of Administration area 44 Fig. 226. Module of workshop 44 Fig. 227. Module of studio 44 Fig. 228. Module of library area 44 Fig. 229. Module of toilet and staircase area 44 Fig. 230. Organization of spaces on site by using the concept of analogy of tree. 46 Fig. 231. Basic cluster level diagram. Branching of clusters 46 Fig. 232. Diagram of spaces distribution on site 46 Fig. 233. Spaces organization with respect to analogy 46 Fig. 234. Use modular for organization of spaces 46 Fig. 235. Use module for part to whole and whole to part organization 46 Fig. 236. 1st approch of organization of spaces on site with the using modules 47 Fig. 237. built mass on site 47 Fig. 238. administration block 47 Fig. 239. central court between to department 47 Fig. 240. courtyard within small cluster 47 Fig. 241. entrance 47 Fig. 242. corridor are defined by modular system 47 Fig. 243. hierarchy of built - semi open - open spaces 47 Fig. 244. accessibility from path way of canteen 47 Fig. 245. built envelop from canteen 47 Fig. 246. Circulation within the mass of the building 48 Fig. 247. All the spaces are placed according to cluster 48 Fig. 248. Green space are also important and its placed according to organization 48 Fig. 249. Relation between open - semi open - built and the vegetation 48 Fig. 250. GROUND FLOOR PLAN 49 Fig. 251. FIRST FLOOR PLAN 50 Fig. 252. SECOND FLOOR PLAN 51 Fig. 253. Semi open space are used in circulation 52 Fig. 254. Hierarchy of height work according to their usage. 52 National Institute of Design at Kurukshetra
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