ISSUE 5
JANUARY 1995
lBUILDING TECHNOLOGY THERMIE PROGRAMME: promotion of energy technology in Europe EDITORIAL
FEATURES
New JOULE - THERMIE The new THERMIE Programme (1995/98) is part of the 4th European Framework Programme for Research and Technological Development. The joint "JOULE - THERMIE" programme will consist of actions in research and development (JOULE) and in demonstration (THERMIE) in the field of Non-Nuclear Energies. The total budget for the four-year period is approximately 1,000 MECU, of which 530 MECU will be allocated to THERMIE. The first call for proposals was launched on December 15, 1994. The closing date for demonstration project proposals is 24 March 1995. While the principal objectives of THERMIE remain as before there will be some changes in focus under the new programme. For information about the Call for Proposals contact W.Folkertsma, DGXVII, Fax +32.2 295 0138/39/40.
GREEN BUILDING IN OLD DUBLIN The new 'Green Building' in Dublin's Temple Bar is archetypal in that a mixed-use building (shops, offices and apartments) for a 26m by 11m infill site on a narrow street is a common design problem in older towns and cities. It is prototypical in that it expresses an environmental philosophy suited to the 21st century and tries to do so in a commercially viable manner. Working to a tight 'fast-track' schedule for both design and construction phases meant that compromises had to be made. For example, no recycled aggregate could be found locally for the concrete and it was not possible to use re-cycled copper for the roof as originally envisaged. But the building incorporates a range of 'green' features in the context of an aesthetically satisfying solution.
IN THIS ISSUE
The concrete structure and walls of dense concrete block, highly insulated externally with rockwool insulation and finished with plaster render, provide high thermal mass. Windows are double-glazed, 'low-e' and argon filled.
Building Technology looks at low-energy designs for offices in Cologne and Sussex, a 'green' building in Dublin, and two daylit training schools in the Loire Region of France.
A well has been sunk 150m into granite to extract dry ground heat. Water pumped through the well transfers its heat, via a heat pump, to water stored in a thermal reservoir. This in turn is pumped through coils embedded in the floor slabs to provide 100% of space heating.
THERMIE
The
six-storey
south-oriented
Atrium in Green Building.
courtyard has a fully-openable glazed roof and, classed as an external space, has non-fire rated windows opening into it. In the Winter air at roof level is heated by the sun, mixed with fresh air, and recirculated to the base of the courtyard from where it rises through the open windows to ventilate the occupied spaces. A pool at basement level humidifies the air and provides 'white noise', while at the upper levels of the courtyard, where high light levels permit smaller windows, extensive planting reoxygenates the air. In Summertime the roof is opened. Air drawn in through the base of the courtyard, or through windows opening onto street and courtyard, provides both stack and crossventilation. Three wind generators (installed capacity 4.5kW) and photovoltaic panels on the roof, together with
European Commission Directorate-General XVII for Energy
cheap night-rate electricity, charge a battery pack which is used for lighting and for emergency standby power. Rainwater collected on the roof supplies two thirds of water requirements for bathrooms, wcs and showers. This water is heated by a Thermomax evacuated tube solar collector on the roof. An electric immersion unit was installed as backup, but has not yet been needed. Projected overall energy savings are 90% over a conventionally designed building; the reduction in CO 2 emissions is expected to be 73%, and in running costs 87%. Windows of softwood from managed plantations have water-based solvent-free paint finishes, and kitchen fittings are made of recycled pitch-pine. Floor coverings include linoleum, natural jute and recycled terracotta tiles. A bicycle park instead of a car park, and the use of recycled copper cylinders and bicycle parts for column cladding and balustrades complete the 'green' agenda. When the apartments were put on the market in September 1994, prospective buyers queued overnight and all eight were sold within thirty minutes. The architects were Murray O'Laoire Associates and the services engineers Homan O'Brien Associates. For information contact: Temple Bar Properties Ltd., Crow Street, Dublin 2. Tel. +353.1-677 2255 Fax +353.1-677 2525. (THERMIE Project No EU210 / 92 IRL)
Office building at Ashdown Business Park.
AN ECOLOGICALLY SOUND BUSINESS PARK The objective at Ashdown Business Park is to build commercially attractive office space which meets or exceeds all current environmental design criteria while costing less to run. Compared with a conventional air-conditioned office building, it is predicted that running costs will be reduced by 38%, energy consumption by 64% and carbon dioxide emissions by 65%. The THERMIE project includes five buildings totalling 5,300m2, on a rural site.
The architects are C A Cornish; services engineers are Temac Services Consultants. For information contact: Robin James (Sussex) Ltd., Heffle Buildings, 33A High Street, Heathfield, Sussex TN21 8HU, UK. Tel +44.43-52 42 42 Fax+44.43-52 49 19. (THERMIE Project No BU 277 / 92 UK)
The hollow-core concrete floor and roof planks of the 'TermoDeck' system constitute the principal energy feature of the buildings. In Summer cool air is circulated through the slabs at night. During the day the cooled structure absorbs internal heat gains, and warm outside air is drawn through the slabs to ventilate office spaces. In Winter the opposite applies, with heated air circulating through the slabs at night and the structure storing warmth to keep the indoor temperature at the correct levels during working hours. Because only small amounts of preheated or pre-cooled air are needed to adjust room temperatures, constant fresh air can be supplied without noise or draughts. The use of 100% fresh ventilation air should avoid many of the features of 'sick building syndrome'. Off-peak energy provides most of the heating and cooling, and heat from exhaust air is reclaimed.
Second floor plan and section of Green Building.
cabling is supplied from a perimeter skirting system. In larger buildings cabling can be carried in those slab cores which are not needed for air circulation, and suspended ceilings can be used provided they are of an open-grid type which will not obstruct air-circulation.
Raised floors and suspended ceilings are omitted to maximise heat transfer between 'TermoDeck' slabs and interior spaces. In these small buildings power and data
L • E • O Building nearing completion.
L • E • O LOW ENERGY OFFICE IN COLOGNE The clients wanted a building which would save energy, respect the environment and meet all modern comfort standards, with a payback period of not more than ten years. The primary strategy was to
ensure that the enduring aspects of the building were right. The architects advised on the selection of the site, and proposed a compact daylit threestorey over basement atrium-type building with North and South orientation of the main facades and no windows to East or West. The 2700m 2 L • E • O building, like Ashdown Business Park, is very well insulated, has high thermal mass and circulates air through hollow-core concrete slabs. There are no raised floors or suspended ceilings. Sunlight and daylight are redirected to avoid glare and provide high quality illumination during daylight hours. Transparent insulating material, with external sun screens, is used on the South facade. In Winter fresh air is warmed by being drawn through a 150m earth duct which encircles the building, then heated by a 49kW gas-fired condensing boiler to provide all space heating. Outgoing air is circulated through the atrium and its heat recovered. Construction costs for this system were one third those of conventional air-conditioning. Summer cooling is provided by night purging through the atrium between midnight and morning. During the day incoming cool air from the earth duct ventilates seminar rooms. Heating and ventilation levels in the office spaces are controlled by the occupants and all windows are
Site plan of School at la Roche-sur-Yon.
openable. Hot water is supplied by local heaters. Artificial lighting is controlled automatically in response to daylight levels. Construction began in December 1993 and was completed recently. Dynamic simulation was used to analyse and modify the building during the early design stage and a two-year postconstruction evaluation process will assess whether the calculated savings of 75% for heating, cooling and electricity are achieved. The architects emphasise the need, in a building of this kind, for a post-occupation phase of education for the building users. The architects are Dipl.-Ing. Alex Lohr and Prof.Dipl.-Ing Gabi Willbold-Lohr Architekten BDA, Altonaer Platz 16, D-50737 Köln. Tel +49.221-7408171 Fax +49. 221-7406446. (THERMIE Project No BU 170 / 92 DE)
TWO TRAINING SCHOOLS IN ONE A unified architectural solution brings together the School of Building and Public Works (CFBTP) and the School of the Chamber of Trades (CFI), which trains apprentices for jobs as mechanics, bakers, butchers and fishmongers, hairdressers and salespersons. They share residential and canteen facilities while maintaining their separate organisational identities. The 20,000m2 complex at La Rochesur-Yon is designed to optimise the use of daylight while maintaining thermal comfort. The lighting is managed by a BEMS system. Predicted energy savings are 99 TOE/year of which 550,000 kWh/year (47 TOE) should be attributable to savings on lighting. It is expected that reduction of pollutant emissions will be significant. The architects were Durand-MénardThibault, La Roche-sur-Yon, and Fabrice Janneau, Paris. For information contact: D. Destouches, Hôtel de la Région, 1, rue de la Loire, F - 44066 Nantes, cedex 02. Tel. +33.40 41 41 41 Fax +33.40 47 76 85. (THERMIE Project No BU 349 / 91 FR)
NEXT ISSUE
The next issue of Building Technology will focus on retrofitting - particularly the problems of upgrading large scale housing complexes. Section and South Elevation of L • E • O Building.
EVENTS 22-24 Feb. 1995 Milan, Italy Training Course Miss Paola Gabaldi
Integration of Solar Technologies in Buildings in Mediterranean Countries FAST
+39.2-76 01 56 72
February 1995 Faro, Portugal Workshop Mr José Manuel Ferreira de Jesus
Thermal Regulation of Buildings
15-17 March 1995 Ravenna, Italy Exhibition Miss Paola Gabaldi
OMC '95
30-31 March 1995 Antibes, France Study + Workshop Mrs Marie-Laure Falque
Take-off of the Market for Solar Thermal Technologies for the Building Sector
March 1995 Évora, Portugal Workshop Mr José Manuel Ferreira de Jesus
Thermal Regulation of Buildings
INETI/ITE
FAST
EUROPLAN
INETI/ITE
+351.1-716 51 41
+39.2-76 01 56 72
+33.93-74 31 00
+351.1-716 51 41
March 1995 Vilnius, Lithuania Workshop Miss Britt Herlov Pedersen
New Insulation Technologies
March 1995 Budapest, Hungary Workshop Mr Jürgen Janovsky
Insulation Technology for Buildings A practical workshop
March 1995 Copenhagen, Denmark Training Course Mr Stephan Goetghebuer
Bioclimatic Architecture, Retrofitting and Energy Saving in Existing Buildings in Northen Europe
March 1995 Ustron DW, Narcyz, Poland Workshop Mr Nicola Sacca
Technology Transfer Workshop on District Heating Systems in Poland
March 1995 Elba Island, Italy Workshop Mrs Maria Fabianelli
Photovoltaic and Wind Energy in the Mediterranean Islands
COWIconsult
GOPA
ETM
CORA c/o SEA
CESEN
THERMIE THERMIE
THERMIE is a European Union initiative designed to promote greater use of existing European energy-efficient technologies and to encourage the development of new ones.
+45.45-97 22 11
+49.61-72 93 00
+32.2-646 88 14
+49.681-976 21 74
+39.10-550 46 70
Building Technology is produced within the THERMIE programme by the UCD - OPET, Energy Research Group, University College Dublin, Richview, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14, Ireland.
OPET OPET (Organisations for the Promotion of Energy Technology) is a Union-wide network of organisations working within the framework of the THERMIE programme for the promotion of European energy technologies on behalf of the European Commission. Each organisation has particular experience in the field of energy technology. The type of organisation and the work it undertakes varies considerably. Both private and public companies are represented: some are consultants in the energy field while others have direct experience of working with energy programmes in their own country. At present the OPET network consists of 49 organisations located throughout the European Union, with over 2000 experts engaged in the energy and related fields. Those OPETs active in the Building Sector include: ADEME - Agence pour l’Environement et la Maitrise de l’Energie 27, rue Louis Vicat, F-75015 Paris, France. Fax: +33.1-46 45 52 36, Contact: Agnés Morel. ASTER Agenzia per lo Sviluppo Tecnologico via Morgagni 4, I-40122, Italy. Fax: +39.51-22 78 03, Contact: Milena Guizzardi BCEOM - Société Française d’Ingénierie, Place des Frêres Montgolfier, F-78286 Guyancourt Cédex, France. Fax: +33.1-30 12 10 95, Contact: Christopher Startford. BRECSU - Building Research Energy Conservation Support Unit, Garston, Watford, UK-Hertfordshire, WD2 7JR, United Kingdom. Fax: +44.923-66 40 97, Contact: Eugene Saunders.
Editors Ann McNicholl and J. Owen Lewis Design Pierre Jolivet For further information on the OPET network please contact: OPET-CS Avenue R. Vandendriessche 18 B-1150 Brussells. Fax: +32.2-771 5611
EUROPLAN, Chorus, 2203 Chemin de Saint Claude, F-06600 Antibes, France. Fax: +33.93-74 31 31, Contact: Marie-Laure Falque.
INNOTEC Kurfürstendamm 199, D-10719 Berlin, Germany. Fax: +49.30-885 44 33, Contact: Rainer Behnke.
ETM Consortium 51, rue Colonel Picquart, B-1030 Bruxelles, Belgium. Fax: + 32.2-534 86 30, Contact: Stephan Goetghebuer.
LUXCONTROL Avenue des Terres Rouges, 1, L-4004 Esch-sur-Alzette, Luxembourg. Fax: +352.54 79 30, Contact: Karel Derveaux.
FAST - Federazione delle Associazioni Scientifiche e Tecniche, Piazzale Rodolfo Morandi 2, I-20121 Milano, Italy. Fax: +39.2-78 24 85, Contact: Paola Gabaldi. Fiz-Karlsruhe / KFA Jülich c/o Abt. BEO, Postfach 1913, D-52405 Jülich, Germany. Fax: +49.72-47 80 81 34, Contact: Werner Bahm. FORBAIRT Glasnevin, IRL-Dublin 9, Ireland. Fax: +353.1-837 28 48, Contact: Rita Ward.
MARCH - Consulting Group, Telegraphic House, Waterfront 2000, Salford Quays, Manchester, UK-M5 2XW, England. Fax: +44.61-848 01 81, Contact: Sarah Sidebottom. NIFES 8 Woodside Terrace, UK-G3 7UY, United Kingdom. Fax: +44.41-333 04 02, Contact: Rob Jackson. NOVEM - The Netherlands Agency for Energy and the Environment, P. O. Box 17, NL-6130 AA Sittard, Netherlands. Fax: +31.46-52 82 60, Contact: Lex Bouman.
CCC / CEEETA / CBE, Estrada de Alfragide, Praceta 1 - Alfragide, P-2700 Amadora, Portugal. Fax: +351.1-471 13 16 / 395 24 90 Contact: Luis Silva / Philippe Bollinger.
GOPA - Consultants Hindenburgring 18, D-61348 Bad Homburg, Germany. Fax: +49.61-723 50 46, Contact: Jürgen Janovsky.
COREA - SEA Altenkesselerstrasse, 17, D-66115 Saarbrücken, Germany. Fax: +49.681-976 21 75, Contact: Nicola Sacca.
IABPO - Friedemann & Johnson Consultants Pestalozzistr. 88, D-10625 Berlin 12, Germany. Fax: +49.30-313 2671, Contact: Georg Narciss.
RARE - Rhonalénergie 69, rue de la République, F-69002 Lyon, France. Fax: +33.78 37 64 91, Contact: Christian Labie.
COWIconsult, Consulting Engineers and Planners Parallelvej 15, DK-2800 Lyngby, Denmark. Fax: +45.45-97 22 12, Contact: Britt Herlov Pedersen.
ICAEN - Institut Català d’Energia, Avda Diagonal, 453 Bis, Atic, E-08036 Barcelona, Spain. Fax: +34.3-419 72 53, Contact: Joãn Josep Escobar.
SODEAN Bolivia, 11, E-41012 Sevilla, Spain. Fax: +34.4-462 63 01, Contact: Maria Luisa.
C.R.E.S. - Centre for Renewable Energy Sources 19 km Athinon-Marathona Avenue, GR-19009 Pikemi, Greece. Fax: +30.1-603 99 04/11, Contact: Theocharis Tsoutsos.
ICEU Leipzip Auenstr. 25, D-04105 Leipzig, Germany. Fax: +49.341-29 09 04, Contact: Alexander Schmidt.
SYNERGIA, Apollon Tower, Energy Information Technology and Management Consultant, 64 Louise Riencourt Street, GR-11523 Athens, Greece. Fax: +30.1-649 61 86, Contact: Yannis Caralis.
EAB - Energie-Anlagen Berlin, TU Berlin, Berliner Kraftund licht, AG, Flottwellstrasse 4-5, D-10785 Berlin, Germany. Fax: +49.30-25 49 62 30, Contact: Frank Dittwald. Energy Centre Denmark Suhmsgade 3, DK-1125 København, Denmark. Fax: +45.33-11 83 33, Contact: Henny Hansen. ENEA (Fire), Cre Casaccia - PB 2400, Santa Maria di Galeria, I-00060 Roma, Italy. Fax: +39.6-30 48 64 49 Contact: Walter Cariani.
ICIE - Istituto Cooperativo per l’Innovazione Via Nomentana 133, I-00161 Roma, Italy. Fax: +39.6-855 02 50, Contact: Maria Melchiorri. IDAE - Inst. para la Diversification y Ahorra de la Energia, P° de la Castellana 95 - P. 21, E-28046 Madrid, Spain. Fax: +34.1-555 13 89, Contact: José Donoso Alonso. INETI / ITE Asinhapa dos Lameros à Estrada do Paço do Lumiar, P-1699 Lisboa Codex, Portugal. Fax: +351.1-716 46 35, Contact: José Manuel Ferreira de Jesus.
TÜV RHEINLAND Sicherheit und Umweltschutz - Institut für Umweltschutz und Energietechnik, Am Grauen Stein, D-5000 Köln 91, Germany. Fax: +49.221-806 13 50, Contact: Jürgen Schwenke. University College Dublin - Energy Research Group, Richview, Clonskeagh, Dublin 14, Ireland. Fax: +353.1-283 89 08, Contact: Mary Rigby. Zr-E - Zweckverband Regionale Entwicklung und Energie, Wieshuberstrasse 3, D-93059 Regensburg, Germany. Fax: +49.941-44691, Contact: Toni Lautenschläger.