NVL FORM FOLLOWS FUNCTION
ISSUE 1
NEW VISUAL LANGUAGE
MAY 2015
22469852370159
CONTENTS CITY IN FLUX PAGE 3
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EARTH AR PAG
PAGE 15 MODERNISM
RTEFACT GE 7
TYPOGRAPHY PAGE 13
PAGE 21 POST-MODERNISM
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CITY IN FLUX My first project was on ‘City In Flux.’ I decided that my final piece would consist of a range of train tickets. As I commute to university I decided to create a ticket for each of the stations my train stops at. I created my eight ticket designs mainly by using Photoshop. After I had designed my tickets I printed them out and stuck them onto card to make them sturdier. Then I hole
punched them and tied string through so that they resembled swing tickets. I was unhappy with the first ticket designs I created as I didn’t like the colour schemes I had used. I also was unhappy with the font I used in my original designs as it didn’t resemble the font used on train tickets and made my designs look unrealistic in comparison. To improve my first designs I 4
found a more realistic font to use and improved the colour schemes of my tickets. This helped to make my tickets look more realistic. Overall I am happy with my finished tickets as I think they look effective and also quite realistic. Due to the colours and layout I used I also think that my designs are quite eye-catching. I think they relate to the brief well as it represents public transport.
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EARTH AR
PLAN My second project was on ‘Earth Artefact.’ We had to recreate the information that was featured on the ‘Golden Record.’ I decided that something I should definitely include in my work was information about planets. When I was researching my artists I decided that I would take inspiration from the work of Charis Tsevis.
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Tsevis’ work is made up of a large range triangles, so I decided to include a triangular design on each of the planets in our solar system. To make my work more realistic I made the triangles the colour that the planet actually is. I also arranged to planets in size order so you can see which planet is biggest and which is smallest.
RTEFACT
NETS I decided to use a plain pale beige background on my design as it is a neutral colour. Originally I tried to use a dark blue colour to represent the night sky, but due to the colour of some of the planets this made my work quite difficult to see. I decided to write the name of each planet and a short fact to give the audience more information.
I decided that it would be a good idea to make the font the same colour as the planet it related to. Overall I am quite pleased with this design as I think it is eye-catching. I like the canvas size I chose as I thought it was a suitable layout for the planets to be in as they could easily be put in order. I also added an outer glow to represent space.
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RELIGION The second piece of work I created for the ‘Earth Artefact’ brief was based on the main religions. I researched different religions and picked six that had the most followers. I thought that religions were important to include in the Golden Record as there are many religious people in the world.
I decided to use the symbol of each religion in my work so that they could be easily identified. However, I changed the colours to make this piece look more interesting. It also made it easier to identify which information related to each religion as the text was in the same colour as the religion it was relating to.
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I made sure to use the same font and background so that there was a common theme or house style running through my pieces of work. Overall I think this piece fits in well the the planets as I kept the style the same. I also think it was important to include religion as it affects the way many people live their lives.
SEASONS The third piece of work I created for the ‘Earth Artefact’ brief was a piece on the four seasons we experience in a year. I decided to use symbols of what I though represented each season. e.g. a tree for spring, the sun for summer, a leaf for autumn and a snowflake for winter. I decided to use a lined design
as I didn’t want this piece of work to look too similar to the other pieces I had created. Although I made sure I used the same font and background so that there was a clear theme between my pieces of work. I decided to include seasons in my work as it is something that everyone experiences whilst living on
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earth. I could have included seasons that other countries experience, e.g. the rainy season, but I thought it would be clearer just to stick to the main seasons. I included a short fact about each season so that it’s easier to see what types of weather occur during each season, e.g. rain, sun, etc.
LANDMARKS My final piece I created for the ‘Earth Artefact’ brief was based on landmarks. I decided to include this as I thought it was important to include famous buildings and places on the Golden Record. I used the same background and fonts as I did on the other designs to keep a clear theme running through my work. I also lowered the opacity
so that you could see the landmarks through each other where they overlapped which I think looks effective. Like I did on my planets design, I organised the landmarks into size order so that it was easy to see which was the biggest and which was the smallest. Underneath the name of each landmark I included information about the
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height of the landmark and where in the world it is located. Overall this is my favourite design for ‘Earth Artefact’ as I think it is the most interesting out of the four that I created. I also like the shape of the layout as I think it looks the most professional out of the four designs I created. I like the colour scheme I used and the way they overlap.
Brockmann Typography I created this typeface in the style of Josef Muller Brockmann. We were given a range of artists to gain inspiration from. I chose 3 artists, including Brockmann as his work caught my eye. I also drew out designs for two other typefaces inspired by two different artists and this one was my favourite and most professional looking out of the three. Firstly We drew out the letters ANESG as if you can get these five letters work it is more
likely that the rest of the letters in the alphabet will also work. To begin with I drew out my font in pencil so I could easily make changes to the font. Then after I had finalised the design I drew it out neatly using a black fine-liner. After this I scanned in my alphabet written in fine-liner and then decided to use illustrator to draw out the typeface digitally. Overall I am quite pleased with my design as I have never created
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or designed a typeface before. To improve my work I should practice using the pen tool on illustrator more as I have only used it a few times since starting university. This would make my work neater and look much more professional. My favourite letters I created are M, S, T and V. My least favourite letters are B, O, P and X. I enjoyed the process of creating this typeface, I like experimenting with how each letter looked.
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Modernism Modernism is a philosophical movement that arose from the transformations in Western society in the late 19th and early 20th century. Modernism was developed from the rapid growth of cities and the horror of World War I. Many modernists rejected religious beliefs and ideas. Modernism includes an extremely large range of art forms, such as art, architecture, philosophy, literature, etc. The main characteristic of Modernism is the strong theme of self consciousness. Modernism rejected the idea of realism and makes use of the works of the past by using rewriting, revision, parody, etc. Some people define modernism as a way of thinking. In the West there are many people who see Modernism as a socially progressive trend of thought that affirms the power of human beings to create, reshape and improve their environment with the aid of technology, practical experimentation and scientific knowledge. Art is where people find modernism. Modern art is what replaced classical art. It included abstract art, cubism, pop art, minimalism and dadaism. It also affected sculpture, Henry Moore is one of the most famous sculptures. The most famous range of
Modernist painters were Picasso, Braque, Matisse, Kandinsky and Mondrian. There was a lot of criticism on the Modernist movement. The main criticism was that it doesn’t value tradition and that it features change for the sake of change. The main goal of a Modernist is freedom of expression or freedom of experimentation. This is why many modern paintings avoid making visual copies of real things. For example, in Modernist literature some of the authors left out the plot, or the narrative, etc. Even though they may look it, these experimentations were not random. They drew on the ideas of science, technology, psychology, etc. There was always a search for new ideas, materials and methods. There was often a rejection of elitism and popular culture. Another criticism was the connection between modernism and socialism. In the early days of socialism it seemed to offer the hope of a new future without the baggage of the past. this also helps to explain their rejection of tradition. Minimalism describes the movements in various forms of art and design, mainly including visual art and music. Minimalism is any design or style where the simplest and
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fewest elements are moved to create the maximum effect. As a specific movement in the arts it is identified with developments post World War II. Most strongly with American visual arts in the 1960s and early 1970s. Prominent artists associated with this movement include, Donald Judd, John McCracken, Agnes Martin, Dan Flavin, Robert Morris, Ronald Bladen, Anne Truitt and Frank Stella. In some fields the effects of Modernism have remained stronger and more persistent than in others. Visual art has made the most complete break with its past. The Museum of Modern Art in New York, the Tate Modern in London and the Centre Pompidou in Paris make no distinction between modernism and postmodernism phases as they class them as developments within Modern Art. In 1962 the Sidney Janis mounted the first major Pop Art exhibition at an uptown art gallery in New York. The show sent shock-waves through the New York School and reverberated worldwide. Earlier in England in 1958 the term ‘Pop Art’ was used by Lawrence Alloway to describe paintings that celebrated consumerism of the post World War II era. The movement rejected abstract expression.
Mode Cubism
Cubism was an avant-garde movement which started in 1910 in France and lasted until 1914. Cubism is a different style of art which was created to show all the different viewpoints of an object or person at once. It got it’s name as it’s artwork is made up of geometrical shapes, mainly cubes and triangles.
Futu
Cubism was first created by Georges Braque and Pablo Picasso. Most cubists only painted in one colour so that you didn’t pay attention to the colour and that you paid attention to the shapes instead. In 1912 to 1919 this changed as Picasso decided to start painting using different colours.
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Futurism was a social movement and form of modern art that first originated in Italy in the early 20th century. It was mostly created in Italy, but some other pieces were created in England and Russia. Futurists made every kind of art, for example painting, sculpture, graphic design, architecture, interior design,
ernism
urism
music, textiles, etc. The founder of futurism was called Filippo Tommaso Marinetti. He did not like old things, especially politics and artistic traditions. He published manifestos as this was a main feature of futurism. Futurism influenced other styles of art, e.g. art deco, surrealism, etc.
Suprematism
Suprematism is a form of abstract art that started in Russia in 1915. It is an example of geometric abstraction as it mainly focusses on basic geometric forms, such as squares, triangles and circles. Suprematism was founded by Kazimir Malevich. There was some crossover between
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propaganda and industrial design. ‘Back square’ is his most famous piece of work which i just a black square on a beige background, which was created in 1915. It was the breakthrough of his career and also the breakthrough of art. No complicated shapes are used in supremist art.
Mode Dadaism
Dadaism is an avant-garde art movement which started in Europe in the early 20th century. It started off in Zurich in Switzerland and then spread to Berlin and then worldwide. It was also a movement in North America. Dadaism was created as a protest against wars, specifically World War I.
Constru
Dada artists imitated the techniques that cubists used, for example using the colllage technique. The purpose of Dada was to poke fun at the pointlessness of modern life. It influenced surrealism, pop art and punk rock. Later on in the 1960s Neo-Dada was created to carry on Dada.
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Constructivism was an architectural and artistic movement that originated in Russia from 1919 onwards. It was created to get rid of the idea of ‘art for art’s sake.’ and it was in favour of art for social purposes. Constructivism was an active force until at least 1934 before it was replaced by
ernism Surrealism
uctivism
social realism. It’s ideas have been recurred in other art movements since. It had major impacts on graphic design, industrial design, architecture, theatre, dance, film, fashion, music, etc. It helped to influence major trends, for example the Bauhaus and De Stijl movements.
Surrealism was a cultural movement that began in the early 1920s. It was best known for visual artworks and writings. Artists mainly painted unnerving and illogical scenes by creating strange creatures from everyday objects. It mainly started off in Paris and then eventually spread across
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the globe. It affected film, music, visual arts and literature. It also strongly affected social theory and philosophy. This movement grew out of Dadaism. Andre Breton was the main artist during the surrealist movement. Surrealism as a political force spread unevenly throughout the world.
Post-Modernism Post-modernism is a late twentieth century movement in the arts, architecture. Post-modernism was the departure from Modernism.
literature, architecture and design, as well as being visible in business and the interpretation of law, culture and history, starting in the late 20th century.
Post-modernism includes thesceptical interpretations of literature, culture, art, history, philosophy, economics, fiction.
Post-modernism has also been used interchangeably with the term post-structuralism. This is what Post-modernism grew out of. A proper understanding of post-modernism or doing justice to the post-modernist thought demands an understanding of the post-structuralist movement and the idea of its advocates. Post-structuralism resulted similarly to post-modernism by following a time of structuralism. It s characterised by the new ways of thinking through structuralism, which is contrary to the original form. Post-modern places it in the period of time since the 1950s, which makes it a part of contemporary history.
It is often associated with deconstruction and poststructuralism because its usage as a term gained significant popularity at the same time as twentiethcentury post-structural thought. The term Post-modernism has been applied to a host of movements mainly in art, literature and music. They reacted against the tendencies in Modernism and are typically marked by revival of historic elements and techniques. The term post-modern was firs used around the 1870s. John Watkins Chapman suggested a post-modern style of painting as a way to depart from French Impressionism. In 1921 ans 1925 post-modern had been used to describe new forms of art and music styles. Post-modernist ideas on philosophy and the analysis of culture and society expanded the importance of critical theory and has been the point of departure for works of
The idea of Post-modern architecture began as a response to the blandness of the failed Modern movement. Modern architecture was established and developed by Walter Gropius and Le Corbusier. It was focused on a perceived ideal perception. It attempted the harmony of form and function. Critics of Modernism argued that the attributes of perfection and minimalism were subjective to the person viewing them. They pointed out
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modern thought and questioned the benefits of it’s philosophy. Post-modernism is a rejection of totality. Post-modernism is a rejection of it’s predecessor. Post-modernism says there is no real truth. It says that knowledge is always made or invented it is not discovered. Because knowledge is made by people all ideas are fact are believed instead of known as people cannot know something with certainty. People believe that they know what the truth is, but they will think that the truth is something different later. Post-modernism says that if someone has a belief and tried to make somebody else believe it also it means they are just trying to have power over them. Post-modernism says that because peoples’ opinions change and snce one person’s opinion cannot be more right than another, noone can decided whether one artwork is better than another. Post-modern art and literature commonly talks about and makes fun of itself. It makes fun of ‘serious’ art and even the idea of art. Post-modernist ideas can be seen in philosophy, literature, design, etc. Postmodernism also led people into thinking differently about love, marriage, etc.
DESIGNED BY JENNA TURNER