Sar HaTorah Rav Chaim Kanievsky, zt”l, by Rabbi Avrohom Sebrow

Sar HaTorah Rav Chaim Kanievsky, zt”l

By RaBBi avRohom SeBRow

lal Yisrael is in a deep state of mourning for the Sar HaTorah, HaGaon HaRav Chaim Kanievsky, zt”l. HaRav Binyomin Forst, shlit”a, remarked that we are no longer living in the same world.

Before there was a world with Rav Chaim, and now we are in a world without him. It was a catastrophic loss, a veritable sea change.

Rav Chaim lived and breathed Torah. From a young age, Rav Chaim accepted upon himself a rigorous study schedule. He referred to this learning as chovos, literally debts. If missed, these chovos needed to be paid. When Rav Chaim became engaged to Rav Elyashiv’s daughter, Rav Chaim was overheard murmuring about his “chovos.” Alarmed, a family member from the Elyashiv family was worried that Batsheva Elyashiv would start married life with a husband full of debts! Someone explained that “chovos” referred to his learning – not actual debt!

Rav Chaim kept this regular study schedule every year, making a siyum on the entire Torah on Erev Pesach. Many people have a relaxed learning schedule during Bein Hazmanim, but not Rav Chaim. He constantly plowed through his rigorous learning schedule every day, finishing the entire Bavli and Yerushalmi once a year. He remarked that the seventh day of Pesach marked the beginning of an extra intensive week of “chovos.”

Rav Chaim’s demanding schedule was fashioned after Talmud Bavli. While the Bavli has no Gemara in Seder Zeraim other than Brachos, the Yerushalmi does. It seems that Rav Chaim learned through the entire seder of Mishnayos Zeraim in one week (besides for Brachos). This is an impressive but understandable

feat. Yet he had to simultaneously finish ten entire tractates of Talmud Yerushalmi in the same week!

Rav Chaim had his yearly learning schedule so organized, that in a Jewish leap year he was able to dedicate his additional time to authoring seforim and answering letters.

Responding to All

Rav Chaim was famous for responding to the many letters he received. Very often, he responded with short, sometimes one-word answers that were quick and to the point. One time, Rav Chaim received a letter and seemed to be contemplating it. His relative who was in the room was wondering what was so complex about this particular letter. Finally, Rav Chaim handed over the letter to his relative and asked him to read it. The letter was written in big bold letters. It stated, “L’kavod Rav Kanievsky, Shalom. We learned in Cheder in Parshas Mikeitz, that Pharaoh had a dream, and seven cows came out of the river, and seven cows came out ‘Achareihen,’ after them. I asked my Rebbe why does the word Achareihen end with a ‘nun’ and not a ‘mem,’ and he didn’t have an answer. Therefore, I am asking the Rav.” It was signed “Moishy Cohen, second grade, Talmud Torah Tashbar.”

After the relative finished reading the letter, Rav Chaim remarked, “I could send a letter explaining the rules of grammar, but the child wouldn’t understand.”

The relative said, “Then don’t respond to the letter.”

Rav Chaim remarked, “The reason I respond to letters is to give people chizuk. I never know if they actually get chizuk from my response. But this young boy will certainly receive chizuk if he gets a letter from me.”

After a few moments, Rav Chaim chuckled and penned a response to the boy. “Paroah lived in Egypt and didn’t know Hebrew!”

The Chazon Ish

Rav Chaim had a sense of humor, as one could tell from his responses to various questions. Perhaps he picked this up from his uncle, the Chazon Ish. One time he asked his uncle, “Are you a tzaddik?” His uncle responded, “I’m a tzaddik sofis (referring to the final form of the letter)!” Rav Chaim persisted and asked the Chazon Ish, “Are you one of the 36 tzaddikim?” His uncle answered, “I’m number 37!” The Kanievsky family was understandably very close to the Chazon Ish. Rav Chaim was once asked, “Why did the Chazon Ish emigrate to Eretz Yisrael? He was living in a Torah metropolis, in Vilna!”

Rav Chaim stated that he didn’t understand the question. Living in Eretz Yisrael fulfills a Torah mitzvah! Rav Chaim added that, in truth, there was an additional reason as well. HaGaon Rebbe Chaim Ozer Grodzinski advised the Chazon Ish to emigrate to Eretz Yisrael because perhaps there he would merit having children. Rav Chaim added that this idea is not new; it is found in Rashi in Yevamos (64a). One ruling of the Chazon Ish made life easier for the Kanievsky family. One time, the Chazon Ish found out that the Steipler, Rav Chaim’s father, stayed up all night searching for chometz. The Chazon Ish issued two directives to make the bedikah shorter: 1) When searching for chometz on the floor, one only needs to search for chometz the size of a kezayis; and 2) Perform a sale of chometz on the 13th, and then one doesn’t need to check the places that were sold.

Even with these rulings, the search for chometz in the Kanievsky apartment always took many hours. Rav Chaim emptied out many drawers to properly check them. He would then tell his grandson, “Please put everything back into the drawers. The mitzvah of bedikas chometz is only d’rabbanan. Causing distress to your grandmother is a Torah violation.” Indeed, when Rav Chaim was younger, he would return all the items himself to their proper place.

Rav Chaim expressed surprise that people in America have such large houses. “How do they ever fulfill the mitzvah of bedikas chometz?” This was Rav Chaim’s way to always view everything through a Torah prism. Indeed, someone once asked Rav Chaim in the middle of the year about which apartment to purchase. Rav Chaim said to purchase the smaller one, because it will make the bedikah easier.

Rav Chaim adopted the practice of visiting his grandchildren’s homes soon after they were married. On one occasion, he noticed that a grandchild had a long hallway. He commented, “The bedikah here will take a long time.”

Hearing a Child’s Cry

Rav Chaim’s dedication to his family was legendary. When he took his young child to cheder for the first time, he went with all the other fathers to acclimate their sons to the new cheder. After all the fathers had left, the rebbi noticed that Rav Chaim was still sitting in the back learning Torah. The rebbi remarked to Rav Chaim that of course he is welcome to stay as long as he wants, but all the other fathers left already.

Rav Chaim said, “But if I leave, my child will cry!”

The rebbi responded, “Yes. It’s true. However, I have found that the children only cry a little bit. I give them a candy and then everything is fine.”

But Rav Chaim persisted, “I don’t want my child to cry a little bit!”

The rebbi said, “Fine. Of course, you can stay, but what will happen tomorrow?”

Rav Chaim said, “I’ll come back tomorrow. All the other parents aren’t able to learn or perform their jobs here. I could learn the same here as I learn in Kollel.”

Rav Chaim indeed came back the next day, and the next day, and the next day. Rav Chaim attended preschool class with his young son for 30 days until his son was fully acclimated and would not cry upon his departure.

A Torah Lens

One day, Rav Chaim took his children on a Chol HaMoed outing. Classically, he took them to the zoo. However, a visit to the zoo with Rav Chaim is different. When he saw the first animal, he told his children all the places that this animal is mentioned in Tanach and in the Gemara. He also explained what halachos are relevant to it. He then went to the next animal and proceeded to do the same. Some other patrons of the zoo overheard these encyclopedic Torah remarks and decided to follow Rav Chaim. Still others noticed the group and came closer to see

what was happening. Pretty soon, Rav Chaim had a huge crowd of people following him as he served as a “spiritual tour guide” at the zoo!

That again was another example of Rav Chaim perceiving everything through a prism of Torah. One day, Rav Chaim received a letter and the writer mentioned that he lived on Rechov Rimon, “Pomegranate Street.” Rav Chaim repeated this fact a few times. Someone present asked him, “Why is this fact notable?” Rav Chaim answered that when the Beis Hamikdash will be built speedily in our days, we will need pomegranate wood to roast our Korban Pesach. The Gemara states that the custom was to use specifically pomegranate wood for this purpose. Perhaps pomegranates grow on that street.

One time, a fundraiser mentioned to Rav Chaim that a wealthy American donor asked for a bracha for his older single daughter so that she may find her bashert. Rav Chaim gave the daughter a hearty blessing. Then the fundraiser mentioned to Rav Chaim that he has an older son that also needs a shidduch. Rav Chaim said, “The solution to your problem is found in the Gemara!”

The Gemara in Bava Kama says that when someone prays for someone else and he needs the same result, he will be answered as well. Rav Chaim said, “You should daven for the donor, and ask him to daven for you!” (Rav Chaim reasoned that this ploy works even if one is just davening for his friend so that he should be answered. The proof is from a Mogen Avraham (OC 230:6) that deals with saying the equivalent of “gezunteit.”)

Within a year, the fundraiser shared the good news with Rav Chaim that the donor’s daughter was getting married soon. However, the fundraiser mentioned that his son, unfortunately, still had not found a shidduch. Rav Chaim replied, “Don’t worry, your son will surely find a shidduch before the wedding!” The wedding was set to take place on Thursday of the following week. That Thursday afternoon, the fundraiser held a vort for his son. (Courtship in their community is much quicker than it is in non-chassidishe America.)

A businessman came to Rav Chaim with a question. He typically wore a hat and jacket for bentching. However, most of his business meetings would take place at a restaurant while sharing a meal. He was embarrassed to put on a hat and jacket for bentching at the conclusion of the meeting and meal. The others at the meeting may think it’s strange. The businessman asked, “Is it really necessary for me to continue my custom?”

Rav Chaim responded that he certainly should. The Mishna Berura says that wearing a hat and jacket is proper attire for bentching. Moreover, wearing a hat and jacket for bentching is a segula for wealth.

Soon after, the businessman was discussing a real estate deal over a restaurant meal. The meeting was successful in that they had come to terms on most of the issues. However, the sticking point was a fifteen million shekel price difference between the two sides. The businessman reasoned that it may be a sizable sum, but perhaps in the context of the entire deal, it may be worth it to give in. He decided that he would come to a decision after bentching. He got up to get his hat and jacket. The other party called after him, “Fine. I agree to your price.” After he returned to the table and bentched, he asked the other party, “Why did you suddenly give in?”

The other party said, “I saw you suddenly stand up and get your hat. Since you were about to walk away from the deal, I quickly decided that even at your price, it was still a good deal!”

It may be hard for us to fully comprehend Rav Chaim’s appreciation of Torah and his non-appreciation of wealth. There is an established custom that the baal korei receives the aliyah for the tochacha – the section of the Torah that describes the punishments for those that don’t follow the Torah. The reasoning is that it is a bad omen to randomly call someone up specifically to get that aliyah. The baal korei is already standing there and doesn’t need to be called up. Moreover, it is not bad omen for him since the baal korei always gets that aliyah.

Someone learning in kollel commented, “I’m not into such things. I have no problem getting that aliyah.”

Soon after, a distant relative of the kollel man passed away in the United States. The kollel man travelled there to claim his inheritance. The inheritance involved a profitable company. Soon, the kollel man became wealthy and spent his time tending his business. When this was related to Rav Chaim, his response was, “You see that he shouldn’t have taken the aliyah! Before he was sitting and learning Torah, and now unfortunately, he is busy with his business!”

There are certain mitzvos that the Gemara says will cause a person to have a bountiful parnassah. One such example is netilas yadayim. Similarly, the Gemara says reciting Havadala over wine is a segulah to have boys. Indeed, Rav Chaim would advise couples who were childless to recite Havdala specifically over wine and not to use grape juice. Yet, Rav Chaim said that we see there are people who are careful about netilas yadayim and do not have a bountiful parnassah. Likewise, there are people who recite Havdala on wine and did not merit children.

Rav Chaim said that there are two explanations for this. One is offered by the Mishna Berura (158:38). A person may have sins that prevent the blessing from being fulfilled. (See there for which sin the Chofetz Chaim said prevents children.) The second is that not having children and sustenance can be a source of atonement. But if a person doesn’t deserve children or sustenance, their lack is not a source of atonement, since he didn’t deserve it anyway. Once a person does a mitzvah that should merit him to have children or parnassah, now what he lacks turns into a source of atonement. (Rav Chaim explained that the two answers are really intertwined.)

There was once a man waiting in the queue to see Rav Chaim. He stood out from all the others because of his long hair. Through the hair, his earrings were barely visible. On the top of his mound of hair, there was a symbolic kippah. When it was his turn to speak to Rav Chaim, he stated that he and his wife were childless. They had gone to see a fertility specialist. At one point, the doctor said that there was nothing more he could do for the couple. They asked if there was any other doctor they should visit. The doctor replied, “At this point, I can only recommend speaking to Rav Chaim Kanievsky in Bnei Brak.” Rav Chaim listened to his story and said, “But a woman can’t have children with another woman! Get a haircut.” The man’s face lit up and he said, “Right away! Sure. I’ll do anything!” Rav Chaim replied, “But it’s sefiras haomer now. One doesn’t take a haircut during this time.” The man waited until Lag B’Omer to take a haircut and merited having a child.

Incredibly, there are times that Rav Elyashiv, zt”l, was asked for a bracha, and he sent the petitioners to his son-in-law!

Yet, for his part, Rav Chaim refused to take any credit for his blessings. He said that when misfortune and pain was destined to end, it would end on its own, as the Gemara states in Avoda Zara.

Itwas surprising how short the hespedim for Rav Chaim were at the levaya this week. But then one contemplates, how can one eulogize the gadol hador? The same is true with this article. This article is by no means comprehensive, rather it offers a few glimpses of a gadol hador, Rav Chaim, zt”l.

The Tzedakah Fund Of Rashkebeha”G Maran Sar Hatorah HGR’ Chaim Kanievsky Zt”L- Kupat Ha’ir

The self-sacrifice of Rabeinu in tzedakah-related matters was famous, and yet few knew how deep and strong was the connection between Rabeinu and the mitzvah of tzedakah in general and his tzedakah organization, Kupat Ha’ir, which he founded and developed for tens of years - in particular.

Every day of the year Rabeinu zt”l was involved in the mitzvah of tzedakah-at the most individual and private times, in which Rabeinu guarded his restricted family circle- even then Kupat Ha’ir merited to be included within this circle; the mitzvah of tzedakah was treated as “one of the family” in every way.

So it was every year at the time of kapparos. Those who accompanied Rabeinu were instructed to leave the room, except for one individual- the representative of Kupat Ha’ir who brought him the names of Kupat Ha’ir contributors so that Rabeinu could daven for them. Once Rabeinu verbalized this: “He’s part of my family”- his intention here wasn’t referring to the representative himself as a private individual, but to what he carried in with him: many pages with the names of Kupat Ha’ir donors, who contribute to the tzedakah above and beyond their capabilities, knowing that this tzedakah gives them the merit of the special tefillah of Rabeinu.

When Rabeinu traveled to daven in Shunam, the location of the Ishas Shunamis, no one was allowed to participate in this private tefillah. He davened there privately for the Torah learning of himself, his children, and his grandchildren and great-grandchildren. No one entered. But then also, Rabeinu requested that the tzedakah box of Kupat Ha’ir be brought to him, in order to give his donation, and the names of its many contributors, so he could daven for them.

At the siyum haShas he made every erev Pesach in the morning, at ta’anis bechoros, he’d set aside a special time for tefillah for Kupat Ha’ir donors. There, too, no one other than the Kupat Ha’ir representatives were able to be included in the list of those Rabeinu would daven for- and for whoever was enumerated therein.

All this, in order to teach the Jewish nation how we should conduct ourselves, as Rabeinu wrote many times in his responses to different tzedakah-related questions he was given: “From him they will see and thus they will do.”

Every seven years Rabeinu would go to Maran HaGaon Rav Shmuel Halevi Wosner zt”l to make a prozbul with him, his minhag from the days of the Chazon Ish zy”a. The last shmitta years, when Rabeinu would go to Maran HaRav Wosner’s home, he’d request a Kupat Ha’ir tzedakah box to be brought to him, and the two Gedolei HaDor would contribute for Kupat Ha’ir’s needy recipients. These donations would make waves each time anew, since it was common knowledge that Maran HaRav Wosner was opposed to being photographed, and he therefore avoided doing certain mitzvos in public. Nevertheless, when the opportunity presented itself to strengthen Kupat Ha’ir, he deviated from his usual practice and decisively changed his behavior.

When the Ga’avad of Yerushalayim, Rav Yitzchak Tuvia Weiss, came to visit Rabeinu, Rabeinu wanted to show him the tzedakah box of Kupat Ha’ir. “This is my kupa,” he emphasized to his distinguished guest, words which galvanized the entire spectrum of the chareidi public. “To here it’s worthwhile to contribute; the money goes in its entirety to the most mehudar tzedakah there is.” This definitive testimony that Rabeinu bestowed upon Kupat Ha’ir clarified his standing towards it in the most conclusive way possible.

Also when Rabeinu was brought halachic questions in which people asked if they should continue their regular monthly donations even when their financial situation became difficult- in cases where Kupat Ha’ir was the recipient, Rabeinu instructed people to continue contributing despite the difficulty.

Rabeinu never agreed to promise recovery from illness, success, having children, or a good income. But when the petitioners noted that before requesting the bracha, they’d contributed to Kupat Ha’ir, Rabeinu’s face lit up, and he answered, “I can say that the refuah will come.” As the years passed, many petitioners learned this secret, and would regularly give a donation before they would ask for a bracha. The donation would “open the gates of Heaven,” and the bracha of Rabeinu would bring about the unbelievable…

When Rabeinu last visited Me’aras HaMachpela, close to fifty years after his previous visit, there was great excitement in the spacious place. No stranger was allowed entrance, but Rabeinu asked for the pages of Kupat Ha’ir…even during these great moments, when he davened for himself, for his household, and for the entire Jewish people- a place of honor was given to Kupat Ha’ir donors, the tzedakah organization that allowed him, as he mentioned many times, to learn in peace, knowing that his obligation to care for the poor and to plead their case was being taken off his shoulders.

Between receiving the public who constantly knocked at his door, his different shiurim, and his rigorous daily learning schedule, Rabeinu would always find time for public tzedakah meetings, even though until Kupat Ha’ir was founded he never attended such meetings. A number of times Kupat Ha’ir conducted tzedakah events and gatherings in his house, around his table, and Rabeinu opened his heart for the mitzvah of tzedakah.

Each Chol HaMoed, when Rabeinu would travel to the Kosel HaMa’aravi, the entrances would be closed and no vehicle would be granted entry. The few who were permitted entry time after time, as per the explicit request of Rabeinu, were “the papers of Kupat Ha’ir.” The list of donors was an inseparable part of his tefillos, also at his most private and personal times.

Before Kol NIdre, Rabeinu requested that the tzedakah box of Kupat Ha’ir be brought to him so he could contribute; after kapparos, before Sukkos, at Chanukah, at the lofty moments of matanos ha’evyonim on Purim, on erev Pesach and before Shavuos- every time he would be turned to for tzedakah campaigns, Rabeinu would strive to show everyone that the proper way, in his eyes, was not to donate to individuals, after personal investigation, but specifically to contribute via Kupat Ha’ir, in which he placed his full trust.

Rabeinu’s amazing self-sacrifice for the mitzvah of tzedakah caused a great awakening for this mitzvah in all strata of the public, and turned tzedakah into an inseparable part of daily life in every Jewish home. The tzedakah box wasn’t just another box into which one drops a coin once a week before Shabbos candlelighting; it became de rigeur for every issue, whether small or great: one precedes tzedakah to tefillah; to bracha; to any act;to any activity;to any concern; to any simcha- and the results were seen in every Jewish home.

Throughout all the years Rabeinu didn’t rest, but offered Kupat Ha’ir any assistance possible without considering his personal honor or standing. He received its gabbais at all times; he showed interest in its smallest details; he greeted its “big” donors most warmly and encouraged them to continue to contribute; he received questions and requests for brachos which Kupat Ha’ir donors sent him daily without letup; he wrote long and detailed letters for Kupat Ha’ir.

Throughout the years, from the time that Rabeinu founded Kupat Ha’ir, tens of times he sent out letters in which he called upon the community to strengthen his organization, Kupat Ha’ir, and as an enduring testimony, he wrote in his last letter from the 4th of Adar Beis of this year: “Kupat Ha’ir is faithful to me in all matters relating to tzedakah.”

According to the will of Rabbi Akiva Eiger zt”l which speaks of giving tzedakah at the time of the levayah, and in accordance with the directive of Rabeinu Maran Rosh HaYeshiva HGR’ Gershon Edelstein shlit”a, 785 shekels [$241], the numerical equivalent of the name Shmaryahu Yosef Chaim, should be contributed within 72 hours of the petirah (Monday noontime), and will be distributed to the poor l’ilui nishmaso.

Maran Sar HaTorah Rabeinu HGR Chaim Kanievsky ztl donating matanos levyonim to Kupat Hair this past Purim 5782