A special supplement to the Jackson Hole News&Guide
April 30, 2014
Pets and our health Our four-legged friends can calm us, get us out page 12
Experts weigh in on spring exercise for summer sports
Foot health critical to mountain lifestyle page 5
page 4 Harper Hollis and his blue heeler/Australian shepherd Jackson float down the Snake River on a lazy fall afternoon.
JACLYN BOROWSKI / NEWS&GUIDE FILE
St. John’s Community Health Fair • 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturday, May 3 • See story on page 3.
2 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
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It’s finally that time of year again in Jackson Hole, when people begin to put the skis away for good in anticipation of summer. The seasonal transition is as stark in our valley as it is anywhere, and with the natural changes come the community’s shift toward activities better suited for warmer climes. This year’s Hole Health section is aimed at helping people as they make that switch. The cover story offers a perspective on personal health and our fourlegged friends. Johanna Love argues in the piece that pets can actually help calm anxiety and get us outside for exercise. For more practical advice look to
— Ben Graham
Publisher: Kevin Olson Editor: Angus M. Thuermer Jr. Hole Health Section Editor: Ben Graham Layout and Design: Kathryn Holloway Photo Editors: Bradly J. Boner, Price Chambers Copy Editors: Jennifer Dorsey, Mark Huffman, Richard Anderson, Lou Centrella Features: Mike Koshmrl, Michael Polhamus, Ben Graham, Emma Breysse, Brielle Schaeffer, Jennifer Dorsey, Johanna Love Richard Anderson, Clark Forster, Josh Cooper, Mark Huffman Director of Advertising: Adam Meyer Brand Manager: Amy Golightly Advertising Sales: Karen Brennan, Chad Repinski, Tom Hall, Matt Cardis Advertising Coordinator: Heather Best Advertising Design: Lydia Redzich, Andrew Edwards, Sarah Grengg, Jarad Magill Pre-press: Jeff Young Press Foreman: Greg Grutzmacher Pressmen: Dale Fjeldsted, Johnathan Leyva, Mike Taylor Office Manager: Kathleen Godines Customer Service Managers: Lucia Perez, Ben Medina Circulation: Kyra Griffin, Pat Brodnik, Hank Smith, Jeff Young ©2014 Teton Media Works Jackson Hole News&Guide P.O. Box 7445, 1225 Maple Way Jackson, WY 83002 , 307-733-2047 Fax: 307-733-2138, www.jhnewsandguide.com
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Mike Koshmrl’s story on spring exercises in advance of summer sports. Fitness experts advise a measured, cautious approach, which can often be contrary to the instincts of gung-ho Jackson Holers. In other stories writers tackle a wide range of issues that relate to our health, from barre classes to epigenetics to e-cigarettes. But perhaps the best way to focus in on your health heading into summer is to stop by St. John’s Medical Center’s Health Fair and participate in the dozen or so free screenings offered there. Learn more in the first story of this annual special section.
Special supplement written, produced and printed by the Jackson Hole News&Guide
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BRADLY J. BONER / NEWS&GUIDE FILE
Jackson Hole Fire/EMS paramedics Patrick Gietl and Brian Carr check the vitals of 7-year-olds Sebastien Carr and Grainger Harris last year during the St. John’s Medical Center Community Health Fair. Gietl and Carr were on hand to show fairgoers the inside of an ambulance and demonstrate how patients are treated on their way to the hospital.
Preventive screenings key to health at fair
Residents can get several tests for free in just one day. By Ben Graham
P
erhaps the best offseason deals in Jackson Hole can be found at St. John’s Medical Center’s Community Health Fair. In a single day valley residents can get their vision and hearing tested and have a physician review their blood work — all for free. And, unlike the numerous offseason two-for-one deals offered at valley eateries, the free health fair screenings can actually help people stay healthy. The hospital’s goal for the annual event, which takes place this year from 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. Saturday at the Snow King Sports and Events Center, is to get people to be proactive about their health. Indeed, Jackson Hole health care professionals and experts nationwide agree: Screenings are an important way to catch health problems early. Early detection increases the odds that common and serious health conditions, such as cancer or diabetes, can be treated effectively. It also can reduce costs for patients. The hospital hopes that offering a variety of screenings all in one place at no cost will help community members become more enthusiastic about their health. “It’s a way to bring the community together to get them excited about health,” St. John’s Wellness Coordinator Rachel Greene said. “Providing people with the opportunity to get all screenings done under one roof is huge, because I think part of the reason people don’t normally do it is the convenience factor.” Another factor is cost. Teton County actually outpaces many other places in the state in some screening categories, which is a sign that awareness is
St. John’s Community Health Fair 9 a.m. to 1 p.m. at the Snow King Sports and Events Center Demonstrations: Orthopedic injuries 9 a.m. to 9:45 a.m. — Zumba with Blood pressure Tammy Bartlett Memory 10 a.m. to 10:45 a.m. — Karate Dental with the Wyoming Karate Club (for Car seat safety check children) Blood screening interpretations 11 a.m. to 11:45 a.m. — Barre with Concussion prescreenings Danielle Goldyn Haigh Noon to 12:45 p.m. — Kids Zumba Food and coffee courtesy of: Jackson Hole Roasters Free screenings: Heidi’s Brooklyn Deli Vision, for ages 5 and up Creekside Market and Deli Hearing, for ages 6 and up Pearl Street Bagels improving. But the high cost of living here coupled with a large population of uninsured people can make preventive screenings an afterthought for some residents. For example, 79 percent of Jackson Hole’s diabetic Medicare enrollees received the basic screening for blood sugar levels, according to the recently released 2014 County Health Rankings from the University of Wisconsin Population Health Institute and the Robert Wood Johnson Foundation. That is better than the statewide average of 75 percent, but many elderly people still aren’t getting the screenings they should be. Additionally, 69 percent of female Medicare enrollees received mammograms, better than the state average of 57 percent. Still, 21 percent of Teton County residents are without insurance, which is the second highest rate in the state. Many of those statistics could change with the implementation of the Affordable Care Act. The uninsured rate is supposed to drop, and some preventive screenings and shots are required to be covered for free under new health plans. In the meantime the health fair helps surmount the cost hurdle because the screenings are free.
In addition to the tests listed above, this year’s fair will also offer screenings for orthopedic injuries, blood pressure, memory and dental, as well as car seat safety checks. Attendees will also be able to get symptom-focused preconcussion screenings, which is new this year. The offering could be especially helpful for adolescents who play sports by identifying those who need to get a baseline concussion assessment at a later date. Physicians will also be on hand to interpret blood screenings for people who have already had their blood work done. The tests are important because they can reveal cholesterol, triglyceride, blood-sugar and enzyme levels that could be precursors to diseases such as diabetes. Another benefit of the fair is that it exposes residents to the myriad health and wellness services available in the valley. Health care providers, fitness clubs and others from the health care community will host informational booths. Bear and Doe Banya Spa and Harmonic Spa will be offering free massages. For the kids there will be a fire truck and ambulance parked outside for tours.
4 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
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or a lot of Jackson Hole residents, the approach of summer means that long runs, bike rides and jaunts into the Tetons are just around the corner. While it’s easy to jump right into the flurry of summer activities, most health and fitness experts advise tempering the transition from cold-season to warm-season types of recreation. Having strong legs and being in “ski shape” is not quite the same as being in overall healthy shape, said Patricia Moeller, founder of Beautiful and Lean and a Bell Fitness personal trainer. “Backcountry skiers who have been skinning all winter long, those people are already set,” Moeller said. “But down-hillers need to start working on cardio. “The average Joe that goes and skis at the village and then goes and has five or six beers, they’re definitely tacking on the pounds,” she said.
“To go out for a nice, slow, easy, flat run, a lot of times, is the best thing you can do.” – Eric Orton Running Guru
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The Janes aren’t exempted. “I work with a lot of women who want to lose weight, and they call me in the spring wanting to look good in a bikini,” Moeller said. Moeller offers a number of classes in the spring focused on strength training and increasing cardiovascular capacity, ranging from spin classes to running workshops to “booty boot camp.” For running guru Eric Orton, springtime means slow-going flat runs. It’s that type of run that helps people snap back into running shape with a lower risk of injury, Orton said. “The biggest problem I see with the mountain athletes here is that we overdevelop our quads,” he said, “and
BRADLY J. BONER / NEWS&GUIDE
Running expert Eric Orton recommends a slow, gradual shift between winter sports and a summer running regimen in order to prevent injury.
that leads to a string of trouble. “To go out for a nice, slow, easy, flat run, a lot of times, is the best thing you can do,” Orton said. Plodding downhill while on a run, in particular, can be problematic for people whose legs are in ski shape but not yet ready for a summer of running. Iliotibial band syndrome — one of the most common runningcaused ailments — is often the result, Orton said. “I recommend to really back off downhill [running] early season,” Orton said. Easing into longer, more technical trail runs is a sounder approach, he said. Samples of Orton’s regimens are available on his website, TrainWithEric.com, or in his 2013 book “The Cool Impossible.” “It’s just like picking a line in skiing,” Orton said. “As you’re picking a line and working on your form, soon you’ll be able to go faster and faster — and with good form. That’s a form of strength training.” During the mud season, trainer Terry Johnson every year puts together a running group that meets over 13 weeks leading up to the June 14 Jackson Hole Half Marathon. “We’re three weeks into that,” said Johnson, also the general manager at Jackson Hole Health and Fitness. “That’s been a growing program. “A lot of people here,” he said, “they’re coming off their winter season, and they haven’t necessarily worked on that cardio.”
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Feet critical for Jackson lifestyle
Investing in the right shoes and ski boots is money well spent. By Emma Breysse
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n a town like Jackson, something’s always afoot. Specifically, between skiing, cycling, climbing, hiking and the myriad other ways Jacksonites like to play outside, Teton County is on its feet more than most places. This makes the foot’s 26 bones, 33 joints and 20 muscles pretty important to the mountain lifestyle. “The foot is the beginning of the impact chain,” Jackson physical therapist Norene Christensen said. “All of those muscles along the chain, from the foot to the calves, glutes and quads, are meant to work together. So a foot injury will really take you out of things.” Christensen owns Four Pines Physical Therapy, and she offers custom orthotics for her patients’ shoes along with rehabilitation for a wide range of Jackson Hole injuries, including those that originate with feet. Those injuries can range from actual fractures or sprains to something like a blister or bunion, or even something more elusive like overuse and strain. In spite of that, most people don’t consider their feet all that important to their overall health, according to a 2010 survey conducted by the American Podiatric Medical Association. The survey showed that more than 80 percent of respondents didn’t know what steps to take to keep their feet in good shape, and most of those people hadn’t really thought about it. Since 80 percent of people will have
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If the shoe fits One of the most important things people can do to maintain healthy feet is to make sure their shoes fit right. Different kinds of shoes are meant to fit different ways, but according to the American Podiatric Medical Association, here are a few things to watch for: - Make sure your shoe, especially if it’s a running shoe or other athletic shoe, bends where your foot does. It puts strain on the wrong part of your foot if it doesn’t. No shoe, not even a flip flop, should be able to bend in half. - Most people have one foot slightly larger than the other. Choose your size based on what fits the larger foot. - Most shoes shouldn’t have to “break in.” If they don’t fit comfortably on the first try, probably they just don’t fit. - If your shoes are wearing out, you need new ones, especially if you use them for athletic activities. Check the tread and midsole to look for signs of wear. some kind of trouble with their feet or ankles during their lifetime, according to Teton Orthopedics, it’s worth taking time to consider. The good news for Teton County is that every resource you can find on foot health lists proper shoes — both for your foot type and your activity — as one of the best things you can do for your feet. For every sport practiced in Jackson See feet on page 17
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exotic for people to swish around in their mouth, it came with a variety of health claims. First, though, the basics: Kombucha is tea, usually black though sometimes green or white, with sugar added, and then dosed with what’s called By Mark Huffman a “mushroom� — though there’s no real mushroom involved. The mushmericans love a strange new room is a mix of bacteria and yeast, a brew. kind of starter similar to what makes And if the drink promises to bread rise. The fermentation is the make you healthier and is clothed in same process that makes yogurt and a bit of the mystic, even the Coca-Cola cheese and wine. Kombucha commonly is about a half of a percent alcompany wants in. Like many of the products you find cohol, though home brew can be triple that. Fans call at your health the taste “tangy� food store, komor “tart.� Othbucha is a fresh ers say “sour� or fad and an an“vinegary.� Comcient tradition. mercial manufacThe fermented turers commonly tea has become a flavor the stuff big deal in Amerwith fruit juice, ica in the past berry flavors and few years, but it’s ginger. been brewing for – Therese Metherell The focus, a lot longer. Nutritionist and columist though, is the “It’s been probiotic angle. around for thou“Probiotics� is sands of years,� a nice name for said Therese Metherell, a Jackson nutritionist and yeast and bacteria. The microscopic Jackson Hole News&Guide colum- organisms in foods such as kombunist. “It started in eastern Asia and cha join hundreds of others that exist naturally in the human gut, where migrated to a lot of different places.� A whole lot of places. Before kom- they aid digestion and are generally bucha showed up in America it had credited with contributing to the imspread from its home in China to Ko- mune system. Out on the crazy fringe you can find rea and Japan, to India, to Russia and people claiming kombucha cures just west to Europe. Besides being seen as something See kombucha o n page 22
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8 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
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ou know about genetics. It’s how the so-called blueprint that lives in the center of each individual cell of your body makes you you. But for the past 10 or 15 years a new science, and a new way of looking at the role our genes play in the whole “nurture versus nature” argument, has been in ascendence. It’s called “epigenetics.” The press has been full of news these days about how epigenetics may explain why one twin may end up with cancer while the other remains healthy, how a baby can inherit stress from its mother, and many other biological phenomena that science has scratched its head over. Last fall St. John’s Medical Center brought two speakers to town who helped put a face on the term: Kris Carr, a cancer survivor whose “Crazy Sexy Cancer” series of books and videos encourages patients to take control of their illness through diet and lifestyle, and Dr. Richard Davidson, a neuroscientist who researches how kindness, compassion, mindfulness and forgiveness can affect health. Carr “feels she has influenced her cancer by changing her personal environment,” said Lou Hochheiser, CEO of St. John’s and an eager student of the new science. And Davidson, whether his research is truly getting into the realm of epigenetics of not, “is definitely thinking about that, too.” Hochheiser said the word has been around for some time. It first referred
to how cells differentiate themselves in embryonic state — how they go from being so-called stem cells to becoming muscle cells or bone cells or pancreas cells. Psychology later coopted the word to refer to how psychological development was influenced by one’s environment. After DNA was discovered (in 1869!) and described (in 1953 by Watson and Crick) it was long believed that it never changed: You were born with the genetic material passed along by your parents, and that more or less determined who and what you would grow up to be. “But we couldn’t explain why two people, say twins with the same DNA, came out with different traits,” Hochheiser said. “Epigenetics is now the science explaining how the environment can influence our genes. It doesn’t change our genes … but it influences how they’re expressed.” In the past 20 years or so, as it became not only possible to map out an individual’s genome but to do so inexpensively and easily, there has been an explosion in the field of genetics. One result has been the addition of another layer, so to speak, to the way we understand how genes work. The prefix “epi-” is Greek and means “around” or “atop” or “in addition to.” So today “epigenetics” refers to an additional layer to the mechanics of how genes work. As complicated as genetics can be, the only things gene do is tell cells how to make proteins. Exactly how they do that is another much more complicated story, but Zach Hall, a retired neurobiologist whose area of research was stem cells and who today serves on the board of trustee at St. John’s, agreed that was a fair sumSee genetics o n page 9
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genetics Continued from 8
mation. “But a heart muscle cell is very different from a skin cell, a nerve cell, etc.,” he said. “Though the same genes are present in all cells, not all genes are active in all cells. The pattern of activities determines the properties of the cell. Muscle cells create proteins that make it contract, which is important to a muscle,” while skin cells make proteins that give skin its properties. The question, though, is how do genes get turned on or off, Hall said. The short answer is epigenetics. Embryos contain a special kind of cell called pluripotent stem cells. Anyone who has been paying attention to the ethical debate about stem cell research will have heard the term. They are cells that, as the life form develops, can make lots of other kinds of cells that eventually differentiate themselves into all our various parts: heart, liver, kidney, lung, brain ... “They go through a series of developmental changes,” Hall said. “A stem cell doesn’t become a muscle cell in one hop,” but rather through a series of epigenetic changes. But also, Hall said, changes can occur later in development, “and these are sometimes inheritable through not just cell division but also from one generation to the next.” Hall described one compelling experiment in which two sets of mice were raised. One set of mothers were allowed to spend time with their pups,
licking and grooming and caring for them. The other group had limited time with their young. Researchers found that the “progeny of those who spend time with their kids also spend time with kids,” Hall said. “Is that genetics or not?” Phase two of the experiment sheds a little more light on the question. “You take pups from a mother that licks a lot … give them a different kind of mother, and they follow their adopted mother, not their original mother,” Hall said. “Little about those pathways are known, but those changes set off circuits in the brain of the young that may lead to hormonal changes that propagate into the next generation.” In another experiment, two groups of fruit flies (every genetic researcher’s — Zach Hall best friend) were Neurobiologist incubated at different temperatures. Though all of the drosophila came from parents with white eyes, those hatched at a higher temperature were born with red eyes. What’s more, when the redeye flies were bred, their offspring had the same trait. While it’s important to make the obligatory observation that human beings are not mice or fruit flies, both experiments suggest what are known as Lemarckian changes: changes not to the DNA but to the way individual genes express themselves. That kind of change is named after the 18th-century French scientist Jean-Baptiste Lemarck, who is best remembered for disagreeing with Charles Darwin that the genes an organism are born with are all that determine what genes gets passed
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he enrollment period for health insurance has ended for 2014, which may leave some people wondering exactly what kind of coverage they signed up for under the Affordable Care Act. The short and sweet explanation is that the new insurance plans offer more coverage, but are most likely more expensive than people have been used to. Qualified plans under Obamacare must provide maternity care, whether you’re 20 years old or 60 years old, male or female. Plans must also provide dental and vision coverage for children under the age of 19. Additionally, insurance companies cannot discriminate against people with pre-existing conditions by charging them more. All of those new rules should mean that people for the most part will have better coverage under health care reform. “They certainly are better because they are providing more services and also preventative services for no out-of-pocket costs,” St. John’s Medical CEO Lou Hochheiser said. “And that’s a good thing.” The downside is the cost. Insurance companies can no longer base how much they charge you on your health condition, so they have to make up for the difference somewhere. “They can’t decide if you are a good risk or a bad risk,” said Linore Wallace, agent with Jackson Hole Insurance Services. “They’ve got to factor that into the equation.” The only question insurance companies can ask is whether you’re a smoker. That is the only health-related question you must answer when signing for coverage on HealthCare. gov, the federal government’s much maligned website. It remains to be seen how the changes will impact premiums in the future. “What we don’t know is what effect this is going to have on costs in the long run,” Hochheiser said. “We don’t know how much people
Affordable Care Act The open enrollment period ended in March. If you don’t have health insurance now, you may be out of luck. But there are exceptions to the enrollment deadline. People who experience “qualifying life events” are allowed to sign up for coverage once the period for enrollment has expired. Examples include losing a job, moving to another state, having a baby or getting divorced, according to HealthCare.gov. A person who goes through such an event has 60 days to enroll for insurance. But one detail many people miss is that you must be insured before one of these events happens to be able to sign up for a new plan. If you don’t have coverage, your only option may be a short term health plan. The next enrollment period lasts from Nov. 15, 2014, to Feb. 15, 2015. are going to use those benefits,” he said. “Some people are saying right now that health care costs are going down.” But others believe we can expect an increase in insurance costs in the next year, Hochheiser said. “All I can say is this is a watchand-wait year or two until things settle out,” he said. In the short-term, people have fewer choices. You can no longer decide you want a less expensive “catastrophic” plan with an extremely high deductible. To help out with the cost, the federal government offers subsidies for people who make between 100 percent and 400 percent of the poverty line. That equates to an annual income of less than $46,000 for an individual. Those who make more don’t qualify. Plans are still available outside of the federal marketplace. Some agents say such plans tend to be cheaper, but they still must meet Obamacare standards. Many people will have to make a decision during the next enrollment period, which lasts from Nov. 15, 2014, to Feb. 15, 2015.
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HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014 - 11
Teton County health risks, strengths not what you think State statistics show more than half of Jackson’s population is overweight. By Michael Polhamus
I
n the most active county in the nation it would be easy to assume that only a statistical sliver of residents is overweight. It would also be likely that injuries claim more lives in Teton County, a place where people thrive on risk, than elsewhere in the country. And with the party-hard ski resort label often bestowed on us, you might also expect our county to rank among the highest in the country for rates of alcohol dependency. While all of those observations would seem to make sense, none of them are true. Between 2007 and 2011 nearly half of the county’s adults were overweight, according to the Wyoming Behavioral Risk Factor Surveillance System. Many in our valley actually lead relatively sedentary lives, St. John’s Medical Center’s Wellness Department director Julia Heemstra said. Diet may also contribute to the county weight problem, she said. “A lot of dieticians are now saying that food is more important than exercise” for maintaining healthy body weight, she said. In the same period, 63 percent of Wyomingites were overweight com-
pared with 69 percent of Americans. For reasons that county health officials could not fully explain, injuries in Teton County kill at a rate lower than the national average and well below Wyoming’s. For every 10,000 people, 5.5 in Teton County died from injuries between 2008 and 2010. During the same period Wyoming’s rate measured 8.5 and the nation’s 5.9. Trends going as far back as 2002 show similar frequencies, according to statistics from the National Vital Statistics System — Mortality program.
“A lot of dieticians are now saying that food is more important than exercise.” – Julia Heemstra St. John’s Medical Center Wellness Department Director
Nor does Teton County stand out for its drinking habits, at least compared to the nation, according to the Centers for Disease Control. In 2010 the county matched Wyoming in its binge-drinking frequency. At the time 17.1 percent of adults said they binged in the past month compared with 16.9 percent for the state. More suicides occur in Teton Coun-
ty, on average, than in the nation as a whole, but fewer than on average in Wyoming. Between 2000 and 2010, 1.1 Americans killed themselves per 10,000 each year, according to the Wyoming Department of Health. In the same period Wyoming’s rate beat every other state at 1.9, and Teton County’s came in at 1.5. That is a significant improvement, Jackson Hole Community Counseling Executive Director Deidre Ashley said. In years past, she said, while Wyoming ranked first in the country, Teton County ranked first in the state for suicide frequency. Alzheimer’s disease kills relatively few county residents. Between 2003 and 2009, Teton County reported 1.6 Alzheimer’s deaths per 10,000 people each year, according to the National Vital Statistics System. Wyoming in that period had 2.3 and the United States 2.4. Exercise, antioxidants and brain use are the top three preventive measures against dementia, of which Alzheimer’s is the most common subset, said Lisa Hoyt, a nurse practitioner for St. John’s Medical Center’s Institute for Cognitive Health. The top five causes of death in the county from 2010 to 2012 were cancer, heart disease, unintentional injuries, chronic lower respiratory disease and suicide, according to the Wyoming Department of Health. The county’s rate of cancer between 2006 and 2010 averaged 41.1 per 10,000 people every year, compared with the state’s 43.1 per year and the
Injury deaths per 100,000 people Teton County 2008-10 — 55.1 2007-09 — 44.7 2006-08 — 47.2 2002-08 — 60.7 Wyoming 2008-10 — 84.9 2007-09 — 82.5 2006-08 — 84.7 2002-08 — 81.6 United States 2008-10 — 58.6 2007-09 — 59.3 2006-08 — 60.1 2002-08 — 60.3 Source: National Vital Statistics System — Mortality country’s 47, according to the National Cancer Institute. Incidence of coronary heart disease in Teton County averaged 3.8 per 10,000 people every year between 2008 and 2010, according to the National Vital Statistics System. In that period Wyoming averaged 9.7, and the country 12.7. Chronic lower respiratory disease killed an average of 2 county residents per 10,000 each year between 2006 and 2010, according to the National Vital Statistics System. Wyoming’s average rate was 5.8, and the nation’s was 4.4.
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isdom teeth are the last teeth to erupt within the mouth. When they align properly and the gum tissue is healthy, wisdom teeth do not have to be removed. Removal of wisdom teeth is necessary when they are prevented from properly erupting within the mouth. This is known as impaction and can lead to problems such as infection, decay, bone loss, damage to adjacent teeth and occasionally cysts or tumors may develop. Removal of wisdom teeth should not be taken lightly as there are risks such as nerve damage, openings between the mouth and sinus as well as bleeding and infection. Any dentist may remove wisdom teeth, however an oral surgeon has at least four additional years of hospital based training learning the intricacies of this procedure. Dr. Michael Stern is an oral surgeon and was trained at the Harvard School of Dental Medicine and the University of California, San Francisco. We provide sedation and general anesthesia for patients who would prefer to have little or no recollection of the procedure.
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12 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
BRADLY J. BONER / NEWS&GUIDE FILe
St. John’s Medical Center patient Carson Johns, 7, laughs after Owen, a certified Pet Partner, hopped up on his hospital bed. St. John’s began its Pet Partners program in 2009.
Pets keep us calm, get us out
Animals have the power to help us with our health. By Johanna Love
P
etting cats lowers blood pressure. Watching fish can calm anxiety. Walking a dog fills your exercise quotient as well as his. According to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, pets benefit our health in a number of ways. “Pets can decrease your blood pressure, cholesterol levels, triglyceride levels, feelings of loneliness,” according to the CDC’s website. They also can increase “your opportunities for exercise and outdoor activities and
opportunities for socialization.” Jackson is full of animal lovers, headed up by the dog contingent. There are about 10,000 dogs owned by the 20,000 people in the valley, according to a veterinarian survey done each year by PAWS of Jackson Hole, an animal advocacy group. Visitors to the Jackson Hole Conservation Alliance Scholz might be greeted on any given day by Juniper, a pugBoston terrier mix. She has a bed under owner Zeenie Scholz’s desk, but she loves to get attention from others.
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“She helps put my colleagues and visitors at ease,” Scholz said. Because Scholz can tend to get wrapped up in a project without taking breaks, the small dog helps in a big way. “Juniper really helps with the stress level at work,” Scholz said. “She gives me a time out, forces me to get out of the office and away from the monitor.” Although Juniper doesn’t need as much exercise as a larger breed, she still draws her owner on walks and to Sophie’s Place dog park. “I definitely spend more time outdoors, even when the weather is bad,” Scholz said. Being a dog owner “forces you to go out and do things that are See pets on page 13
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beneficial for your health under the guise of it being beneficial for your pet.” Petting an animal can bring joy to people who are hurting, relieving stress and enhancing their well-being, said Amy Rojo, an evaluator for the national Pet Partners program. Every Tuesday, she takes one of her two English springer spaniel therapy dogs, Tika and Huckleberry Finn, to St. John’s Medical Center and Living Center. Other Pet Partners visit River Rock Lodge’s assisted living facility and even schools in the valley. “It’s so rewarding to see the smiles on patients’ faces,” Rojo said, “whether it be because my dogs are cheering them up or they miss their own dogs.”
“I get my exercise from our dog, and relaxation in the evening from the fish tank.” – Justin Walters Aquarium enthusiast
Several years ago, Rojo and Tika were making their rounds at the hospital. While visiting a woman whose face was severely disfigured and could not speak, Tika hopped up on a chair and laid her muzzle on the hospital bed. The woman began crying and gestured for a marker and whiteboard from the nurse. “She said, ‘She makes me happy because she’s not afraid of what I look like,’” Rojo said. At River Rock Lodge, about a quarter of the 40 residents have a pet, said
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With thousands of acres of public land surrounding Jackson, places to explore with your pet abound. Here are some popular trails to hike with a furry friend: Sink or Swim Hagen Trail Cache Creek Trail Snake River Dike Old Pass Road Game Creek Trail activity director Jim Wolfgang, and “Fur Fun” sessions with Pet Partners are scheduled several times per month. “I’ve witnessed many health benefits of having pets,” Wolfgang said, “from the physical benefit of having a reason to go out and walk around with your dog to the psychological benefits of having a creature to care for that relies on you, along with the unconditional love a pet gives.” Those without their own animals line up for the Fur Fun sessions, he said. “You can see the waves of calm rolling over them when there’s a dog in the room that wants to pay attention to them,” Wolfgang said. Fish have been calming Justin Walters for years now. A visitor service agent with the Jackson Hole Chamber of Commerce, Walters installed a 160-gallon saltwater aquarium in his home and filled it with about 50 species. “I get my exercise from our dog and relaxation in the evening from the fish tank,” Walters said. After his girlfriend, Jessie Stirling, was in a serious car crash this winter, watching the fish helped her recover, he said, mitigating some of the anxiety produced by the concussion and flashbacks. “It calmed her down to watch it,” Walters said. “They’re great stress relievers.”
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Now’s the perfect time to start a fitness routine or try out a new class! Join in the fun with our fitness classes at the Teton County/Jackson Recreation Center •Boot Camp• 7-8 am Mondays, Wednesdays & Fridays
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Health Care Quality & Safety: Your Top Priority and Ours Thank you to the physicians and staff who helped SJMC achieve a Joint Commission Quality and Safety Composite Score of 98.6 (out of 100) for the 3rd quarter of 2013
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14 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
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Leslie Roberts, a cancer exercise trainer at St. John’s Medical Center, leads her Leslie’s Fitness class at the Senior Center of Jackson Hole in 2012, helping about 25 people work out with a mix of cardio, strength training and cognitive exercises during the one-hour session.
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t’s a Wednesday morning in April, and about 20 people are wrapping up a Leslie’s Fitness class at the Senior Center of Jackson Hole. Led by Leslie Roberts, the men and women have done aerobics, strength-building and stretching moves. Leslie’s Fitness classes are held
six times a week at the senior center. They’ve been a hit. “I come three times a week,” said Regina Schultz, 72, one of the participants in that day’s class. “It’s been just fabulous. I’m getting stronger. And it gets you ready for skiing and golf.” Bob Ferguson, 81, said, “My philosophy is ‘use it or lose it.’ ” Though participants appeared to be having fun — “It’s a social occasion, too,” Schultz said — what they were doing was serious business. One research finding after another See seniors o n page 15
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ably the most important thing someone with that diagnosis can do.” Continued from 14 Stearn said Idaho Falls seniors walk the malls for exercise. Jackson shows that for the 50-plus crowd, residents don’t have that option, being physically active is key to keeping body and mind functioning so she hopes to see an indoor track added to the Teton County/Jackson well with each passing year. “If you could sell exercise in a Recreation Center so older residents bottle it would be more effective don’t have to give up their walks. In the meantime, indoor options for your health than a lot of drugs on the market,” Jackson physician include the rec center pool and Bruce Hayse said. “Exercise and classes, senior center classes and getting enough sleep rank high on equipment, and athletic clubs and yoga studios. the factors for health in old age.” Both of Stearn’s parents had AlHayse, 65, is a hiker, kayaker and backcountry skier. In other zheimer’s disease, which increases words he’s like a lot of Jackson Hole her risk of getting it. So she takes her own advice and exercises every residents. Yet mixed into the athletic milieu day if she can, “which is most of the time.” At 68 she cycles, walks, hikes here are people who don’t exercise. “I see them every day in my of- and cross-country skis. “There’s definitely scientific evifice,” Hayse said. “The idea used to be that you worked hard all your dence that exercise makes a huge life, and when you got old you took difference in brain health,” she it easy.” said. “If you can Experts don’t remember only want people to one thing [to do] become couch it should be to potatoes as they exercise.” grow older. ExKO Strohercise is so imbehn is among portant for sethose who don’t niors that the need convincing. National InstiThe 68-year-old tute of Health east Jackson has partnered resident cross– Dr. Martha Stearn country on a campaign skis, St. John’s INstitute hikes and rides called “Go4Life” for Congnitive Health that encourages her bike. She sedentary older also takes yoga, adults to incorPilates and spinporate physical activity into their ning classes. daily routines. “I like to be outdoors,” she said. “I Exercise reduces the risks of Type feel better for all of it.” 2 diabetes, stroke, hypertension, On the occasions when Strobehn coronary heart disease, obesity and can’t do something physical, she some kinds of cancer, the NIH said. said, she doesn’t sleep as well and A clinical trial involving people also gets “really stiff and sore.” age 60 and older with osteoarthriThere’s room for debate on how tis in their knees found that aerobic much physical activity is optimum exercise and resistance programs for seniors. increased functionality and reduced The Centers for Disease Conpain. trol and Prevention recommends at The National Osteoporosis Foun- least the following: dation says weight-bearing exercise (1) Two hours and 30 minutes of and even low-impact workouts help moderate-intensity aerobic activity build bones and keep them strong. (like brisk walking) every week and And balance exercises — tai chi, muscle-strengthening activities on for example — reduce older people’s two or more days a week that work risk of falling, which in turn lessens the chances of bone breaks, the all the major muscle groups; or (2) one hour and 15 minutes foundation said. of vigorous-intensity aerobic activThen there’s the mind. Dr. Marity (like jogging and running) every tha Stearn, a Jackson Hole interweek and muscle-strengthening acnist, said that when she tries to get tivities two or more days a week; older patients to exercise “the big or (3) an equivalent mix of modermotivator is what it can do for the ate- and vigorous-intensity aerobic brain.” Stearn, who is the founding di- activity and muscle-strenghthening rector of the St. John’s Institute for activities on two or more days a week. The point is seniors should just Cognitive Health, said exercise can slow the progression of mild cogni- keep moving. Exercise is “a hard thing to quantive impairment, the memory loss that precedes dementia. There are tify,” Hayse said. “No one can agree on what type is best or how much, no medications to do that. “It’s huge,” she said of the impor- but it always turns out that people tance of physical activity. “It’s prob- who exercise are much healthier.”
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16 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
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Some Federal Workers and Retirees may be eligible for aids at no cost!††Latesthearing exercise trend builds core, strength. By Brielle Schaeffer
That’s Right...No Co-Pay! A No Exam Fee! No Adjustment Fee! lthough it’s modeled after a ballet basic, the valley’s latest exercise craze is more about pulses than plies. Barre classes, taught at new fitness boutique P22 (formerly Physique 22) and at Dancers’ Workshop, focus on strengthening muscles by doing tiny movements while using a handrail for balance. “It’s a very non aggressive practice, but it’s still rigorous, and the reason it’s still rigorous is because of the way we do things in here,� P22 owner and instructor Danielle Goldyn said. “It’s about the movement that we’re doing. Basically you’re pushing your bigger muscle structures to exhaustion chal-
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Using a ballet barre to decrease the impact on your body, barre class at P22 uses small isometric movements and eccentric contractions to push your muscles to the limit.
lenging your smaller muscle structures and stabilizers to kick in. It’s almost adding a layer of strength onto the muscle you already had without bulking you up.� Unlike lifting weights, where muscle is built upon muscle, the isometric pulses that barre classes are centered on build into the muscle to enhance what it’s already doing. The movements stimulate muscle growth and muscle development for long lasting strength, she said. German dancer Lotte Burke creat-
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ed the barre workout in the late 1950s while she was injured to strengthen and restore balance to her body. Today the classes are useful for both injury prevention and rehabilitation, Goldyn said. “A lot of people come in here with injuries and have been referred by physicians to be here,� she said. The classes are also heavily centered on the core. After some stretches, pushups and a plank at the beginning of each hour-long session, participants then head to the barre to
incorporate the short movements into squats and leg lifts. Sometimes props like a ball, exercise band or hand weights are also used. “Stabilizers are a big point of attention for the practice — everything that keeps holding you upright,� Goldyn said. “The practice really focuses on the inside out.� It’s about keeping the center of the body tight and working strength into extremities, she said. While the small pulses may sound See barre o n page 17
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HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014 - 17
effortless, they’re actually really challenging. “It’s really hard,” Goldyn said. Sweaty bodies and shaky legs are a given for most participants. But the aesthetic and physical benefits are undeniable. “The results are immediate, the results are really powerful,” she said. “Everything feels a little bit stronger, a little bit tighter where it’s supposed to be. Everything works and functions the way it should.” In our outdoorsport-obsessed valley, the classes are also a good supplement to other activities. “It has all these additional benefits without being so intrusive on the body,” Goldyn said. I think that’s why people like it. They feel like they’re getting an amazing workout, but they don’t walk out of here with achy knee joints or uncomfortable areas of the body because you don’t push it that way.” Goldyn’s skier and outdoorsy friends have told her they’re finding just that little extra edge after practicing barre, she said. “They’re feeling that little bit of oomph,” she said. “It’s a tried and true practice. I really believe it’s here for the long haul.” P22 barre classes are generally
“It’s a perfect blend of dance, Pilates and yoga. The results are really powerful.”
feet
Continued from 5
Hole, there’s a shoe made for it and a specialist somewhere in town who can tell you which shoe to wear and give you an explanation of why. That’s especially true in the winter, when even a broke ski bum will shell out thousands to get the right boot. “Getting that fit is definitely really important,” John Slaughter, a floor manager and boot fitter at Teton Mountaineering, said. “Getting your feet comfortable and having that solid foundation for your movements is going to make it a lot easier to get out and get after it.” Slaughter works most frequently with customizing a boot’s lining within the shell, he said. Even something as basic as that can save a skiers a month of discomfort while they wait for the lining to mold to their feet on its own. “If you’re going to spend money on a piece of gear, spend it on your ski boots,” Slaughter said. “You can manage maybe with cheaper skis or poles, but nothing will end your day faster than having boots that aren’t right for your feet.” When it comes to high-impact summer sports like climbing and running,
choosing the right shoe becomes even more imperative, Christensen said. “It’s the difference between climbing the Grand Teton in an approach shoe versus a regular running shoe, or going backpacking with a light or heavy hiking boot,” she said. “They’re made for different kinds of situations and it can cause a lot of trouble if you don’t have the right one for what you’re doing, especially if you’re a high-use kind of person like so many people here are.” For those with atypically shaped feet, including people with high or low arches, there are shoes made to compensate and orthotic inserts to make any shoe able to compensate. Christensen also recommends paying careful attention to conditioning the muscles that are supposed to support and work with the foot, especially the calves, quads, glutes and all of the core muscle groups in the abdomen. “The majority of the injuries in Jackson are for a pretty good reason, not just a failure to support your body with your core or your feet,” Christensen said. “But with these overuse kinds of injuries or pains, we do look at the whole leg, from the foot and ankle on up. The problem may be at least partly with another part of that chain.” It makes sense to be good to your feet.
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packed. Participants are encouraged to sign up online ahead of time at Physique22.com. Dancers’ Workshop also has ongoing “Booty Barre” classes, which is a trademarked variety of the traditional barre method. Those classes also have props like hand weights and rubber balls but focus a lot on exercise bands tied to the barre for resistance work, instructor Kate Kosharek said. “It’s a perfect blend of dance and pilates and yoga,” she said. “You’re getting stretching and strengthening all in one hour.” The classes are also a less threatening way for people to try ballet, Kosharek said. “It’s also for people who maybe enjoy dancing and moving – Kate Kosharek in that dancerly kind of way but DW Barre Instructor don’t call themselves dancers,” she said. “It’s built for the ordinary person. You don’t need to have 10 years of ballet training to take a nice barre class and do it safely.” In addition, it’s fun. “You get to work out to fun music and feel like you’re dancing,” Kosharek said. “The variety within the class is really nice.” Experience a Barre exercise class. Get a good workout, meet new friends and have fun as well. Visit DancersWorkshop.com to obtain a class schedule.
Gift Certificates are now available here at the Clinic
180 N. Center Street, Unit #7 Jackson, WY 83001
307-734-8044
ENJOY READING ABOUT
health and fitness?
Check out the columns by local health and wellness professionals each week in the Health Page. • NUTRITION • • FITNESS • • MENTAL HEALTH AND SOCIAL SERVICES • • CHILDREN’S HEALTH • • WOMEN’S HEALTH • Find it in the Valley section of the
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18 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
What?? An abortion INCREaSES my risk for breast cancer? abortionbreastcancer.com bcpinstitute.org (Breast Cancer Prevention Institute) healinghearts.org Right to Life of Teton County P.O. Box 8313, Jackson, WY 83002, 733-5564 • Elaine Kuhr
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Makers of electronic cigarettes claim their products deliver nicotine through water vapor, with none of the carcinogens associated with smoking the real thing.
On the rise, e-cigarettes raise questions
While probably not as bad as smoking, new devices still pose risks. By Josh Cooper
I 271747
t’s becoming more common to see people smoking in bars and other places, and even to see commercials for cigarettes on television. But these aren’t the normal paperand-tobacco cigarettes being used and
promoted. They’re electronic. Electronic cigarettes are a relatively recent invention that allows users to inhale water and other gaseous vapors with nicotine and thereby get some of the experience of smoking without inhaling tobacco smoke. E-cigarettes were invented by Chinese pharmacist Hon Lik in 2003 with patents held by the Ruyan (Chinese for “like smoke”) Company. The market for the products is See e-cig o n page 19
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HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014 - 19 Continued from 18
experiencing explosive growth. Currently e-cigarettes are a $2 billion industry, up from $300 million just three years ago. The traditional tobacco industry, an $80 billion-a-year enterprise, isn’t taking the advent of new competition sitting down. Each of the top three tobacco companies, Philip Morris, Lorillard and Reynolds American, have either started its own e-cigarette brand or bought an existing one. The local tobacco emporium Tobacco Row has been carrying them for several years, and manager Daniel Bussard said he has seen an increase in their popularity. For a lot of people, Bussard said, it’s the ability to use it anywhere, and the fact that it’s not actual tobacco, it’s just the nicotine.” Dr. James Little Jr., a family – Dr. practitioner with St. John’s Medical Center, is not impressed by electronic cigarettes and said there are no real benefits to their use. “Electronic cigarettes are almost equally as harmful as regular cigarettes,” Little said. “Tobacco manufacturers are trying to market them as a safer alternative, but that’s not been supported by the scientific literature at all. There may be less tar and less other compounds in the vapor that you’re breathing, but you’re still getting nicotine, and nicotine itself is harmful. Electronic cigarettes are, in my opinion, a marketing technique and are definitely not safer or better.” Little said one of his main concerns with electronic cigarettes is that they still deliver nicotine, which can be addictive in all its forms. “I take care of a lot of people who get addicted to nicotine gum or lozenges and also electronic cigarettes, and they do that instead of smoking,” Little said. “That might be slightly better than smoking, but it’s still not
“They may be slightly better than smoking, but it’s still not good for you.”
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By May 9th | Submit to media@ehtrust.org Winners announced at Eco Fair on May 10 and posted on Facebook - Texting while moving (I.E. driving, biking, walking, skiing) is like doing so drunk. - Avoid holding a phone directly againstyour body - Use speakerphones or a headset - it’s the law - Phones constantly send/receive microwave radiation. Keep them on airplane mode if used as an alarm win clock or distraction for kids. -Children’s brains, the pregnant abdomen, and aspiring fathers are at greater risk.
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good for you.” There is, however, some debate about their health effects in the medical community. A 2011 article in the peer-reviewed Journal of Public Health Policy said e-cigarettes are in fact safer and can be helpful for smokers who want to quit. “The evidence ... suggests that electronic cigarettes are a much safer alternative to tobacco cigarettes,” the article’s authors, Zachary Cahna and Michael Siegel, write. “They are likely to improve upon the efficacy of traditional pharmacotherapy for smoking cessation.” The Food and Drug Administration is expected to get involved in the largely unregulated e-cigarette industry as early as this month. The agency says it plans to propose new rules for manufacturers, although it hasn’t specified what those rules might be. One other risk the devices pose is in the nicotine liquid that proJames Little Jr. vides the buzz. Family practitioner The Centers for Disease Control and Prevention said they’ve seen an increase in calls about accidental ingestion of e-cigarette liquid. In September 2010, the CDC reported an average of one e-cigarette-related call per month; that number had soared to approximately 215 calls a month by February of this year. Those who use e-cigarettes do so for numerous reasons, but a big reason is as an aid to quit using traditional tobacco. A recent study in the journal Addiction found that 96 percent of e-cigarette users surveyed did so to help them quit smoking or to reduce their smoking. Eighty-four percent said they perceived it as less toxic than tobacco, 79 percent said it helped deal with tobacco cravings, and 67 percent said it helped mitigate withdrawal symptoms. Most ex-smokers surveyed, 79 percent, feared they might relapse to smoking if they stopped using e-cigarettes.
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anesthesiology findadoctorjacksonhole.org general surgery cardiology gynecology family medicine obstetrics and gynecology neurology internal medicine findadoctorjacksonhole.org perinatology hospitalists dermatology cardiology findadoctorjacksonhole.org obstetrics and gynecology pain management anesthesiology findadoctorjacksonhole.org general surgery otolaryngology(ENT) family medicine cognitive health findadoctorjacksonhole.org cardiology reconstructive oncology/hematology findadoctorjacksonhole.org pediatrics neurology orthopaedics emergency medicine family medicine findadoctorjacksonhole.org dermatology pathology findadoctorjacksonhole.org perinatology obstetrics oncology/hematology findadoctorjacksonhole.org otolaryngology (ENT) orthopaedics findadoctorjacksonhole.org pulmonolo living center perinatology hospitalists dermatology findadoctorjacksonhole.org cognitive health cardiology plastic and reconstructive surgery internal medicine oncology/hematology findadoctorjacksonhole.org otolaryngology(ENT internal medicine emergency medicine findadoctorjacksonhole.org sleep medicine gynecology hospitalists www.findadoctorjacksonhole.org for a complete directory.
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20 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
Sorting through the (nutrition) facts
Fearful eating makes people avoid carbs and other things they actually need. By Clark Forster
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utrition facts can be complicated. Is the 2,000-calorie diet for everyone? Are carbs really that bad? Is the serving size accurate? These are the kinds of questions that nutrition counselor Mary Ryan hears every day. Ryan is the founder of Beyond Broccoli nutrition counseling in Jackson. She helps people understand nutrition and use it to stay healthy. The most confusing part of the nutrition facts, Ryan said, is typically the serving size. “Food manufacturers often state that what would typically be a single serving is actually two or more servings,” she said. “Whenever I see this a red flag is raised, and the product often contains too much of something.” That “too much of something” Ryan refers to is things such as salt, sugar and fat, ingredients often viewed as unhealthy by the average consumer. Of course, many things are considered unhealthy if they aren’t taken in moderation. But many people attempt to avoid salt, sugar and fat
when trying to diet, get in shape or just stay healthy. “There is way too much fear-based eating going on these days,” Ryan said. People avoid certain vital substances because they think they’re bad for them. Many believe that if they put these things in their body they will get fat or be on the fast track to becoming unhealthy. “We all need some fat and sodium,” said Ryan. “Insufficient fat over time can cause many problems — especially the more beneficial fats, like omega-3 fats important for heart, brain, and immune system health.” The same thing goes with carbohydrates. The popular Atkins diet has been around since 1972 but has become a phenomenon of sorts since the release of Dr. Robert Atkins’ book “New Diet Revolution” in 2002. The diet is high in protein and fat, low in carbohydrates. Many other diets have designed around the premise of low-carb intake. The Atkins diet inspired many people around the world to start counting carbs and also led many to mistakenly believe carbohydrates were bad. “Carbs are important,” Ryan said. “It is important to know that in addition to bread, pasta and sugar, many other nutritious foods such as fruits, starchy vegetables, beans and See NUTRITION o n page 21
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HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014 - 21
Nutrition Facts
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Amount Per Serving Calories 250 Calories from Fat 110 % Daily Value* Total Fat 12g Saturated Fat 3g Trans Fat 3g Cholesterol 30mg Sodium 470mg Total Carbohydrate 31g Dietary Fiber 0g Sugars 5g Protein 5g
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* Percent Daily Values are based on a 2,000 calorie diet. Your Daily Values may be higher or lower depending on your calorie needs. 2,000 2,500 Calories: 65g 80g Total Fat Less than 20g 25g Sat Fat Less than 300mg 300mg Cholesterol Less than 2,400mg 2,400mg Sodium Less than 300g 375g Total Carbohydrate 25g 30g Dietary Fiber Serving Size This tells you what amount equals one serving of the product. Every other nutrient value listed on the label is based on this amount. Calories Calories are a unit of energy. Calories in food come from carbohydrates, protein and fat. Because calories give us energy, we need them to be able to think and be active. % Daily Value This tells you the percentage of the recommended daily value for a nutrient that you get in one serving. A food that has more than 20% of the Daily Value of a certain nutrient is a good source of that nutrient. Total Carbohydrate Carbohydrates give your muscles and brain energy. Certain types of carbohydrates are sometimes listed on the label.
Call 734-0711 to schedule your appointment.
Total Fat Fat is essential in our bodies. There are four kinds of fat. Monosaturated and polyunsaturated fat are the kinds of fat that are heart-healthy. These kinds of fat may not be included on the food label. Saturated fat and trans fat are unhealthy for your heart and should be limited. Sodium Sodium tells you how much salt is in the food. People with high blood pressure are sometimes told to follow a low-sodium diet. Protein This nutrient is used to build muscle and fight infections. Vitamins/Minerals This tells you the percent Daily Value for vitamin A, vitamin C, calcium and iron you are getting from this product. Other vitamins and minerals may be included in this section.
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Too much of some ingredients — like sodium and saturated fat — is bad for you. Reading product labels, like this box of mac and cheese, can help people make better choices.
NUTRITION Continued from 20
legumes, yogurt and nuts are forms of carbs. When we make blanket statements like ‘carbs are bad’ or ‘carbs make you fat’ this makes no sense.” Ryan said the topic is confusing. Many health experts who support the anti-carb position have had little or no education in nutrition. Nutrition training is not required in most medical schools. Every person is different. Height,
weight, age and activity level all factor into what a person’s daily value of nutrition should be. The 2,000-calorie diet is just an average. A 6-foot-3, 220-pound man and a 5-foot-3, 120-pound woman do not require the same number of calories. It’s the same way a weight lifter and a cyclist do not require the same amount of protein. “This is a great example of why individualized nutrition counseling is important,” Ryan said. “There are so many variables.”
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22 - HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014
kombucha
Women’s Health & Family Care
Continued from 6
about everything, including cancer. There’s no proof it meets any of the more outlandish claims, Metherell said, a position that’s supported by the American Cancer Society. “It’s probiotic, and I think because of its acidity it can be beneficial to health in general,” Metherell said, “because the acidity can actually help the body fight off infection.” But it’s not a panacea, an opinion also held by Poa Jacobsen, a former Teton County Extension employee and a maven of fermentation. She agreed about minor benefits but kept her head. “I like it,” she said. “But I don’t think it’s a miracle or anything.” She called kombucha “kind of a fad right now.” For the adventurous, there’s the
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homemade route, but that’s where the biggest danger lies, Metherell said. “It’s easy to contaminate,” she said, “and so not for people who are at all immune-compromised or who have diabetes, cancer, AIDS or HIV or someone already sick with flu or upper respiratory infections.” Jacobsen agreed about the danger of a bad batch and said that if it’s probiotics you’re after, kombucha isn’t the best route. And even if you make it right, “it just may not be the best way to get probiotics,” she said. She and Metherell both recommended yogurt, kefir, sauerkraut and kimchee as good sources of probiotics. There are also supplements. For those who do want or like kombucha, safe products are made by a variety of companies, including Celestial Seasonings and Honest Tea, which is owned by Coke.
CHANGE IS POSSIBLE. Mary Ryan, MS, RD, CEDRD, LD Master of Science in Food & Nutrition Registered Dietitian Certified Eating Disorder RD mary@beyondbroccoli.com 307.690.5785
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HOLE HEALTH, Jackson Hole News&Guide, Wednesday, April 30, 2014 - 23
genetics
brain disorders. “One thing we’re looking at is the celContinued from 9 lular mechanisms that this toxin turns on or turns off,” Banack said. “What along to subsequent generations. So, if conditions under which an happens now? Does the cell make more embryo develops or a very young or- and more copies? Does the cell start to ganism grows can affect how indi- turn off things? What are the cellular vidual genes express themselves and and molecular mechanism? “It may be an overstatement that thus how individual organisms appear or behave, what about conditions everything our body comes in contact later in life? Might it be that things with subsequently influences the exin our environment — good and bad pression of certain genes,” she said, things — can affect the way an adult’s “but nearly everything — the things genes make proteins? After all, just we breath, exposure we have, even because one person in a family gets heat and cold … exposure to suna form of cancer, that doesn’t mean light. … It’s hard to think of examples that everyone in that family will get where environmental factors don’t ulthat same form of cancer. That’s the timately affect how our genes express question being themselves.” asked by the latPerhaps as est generation of Richard Davidgenetic researchson suggests, ers, including even the way we scientists at the love, how happy Institute for Ethwe are or our nomedicine here ability to be comin Jackson. passionate could S a n d r a be a trigger. Banack earned Hall was – Dr. Lou Hochheiser somewhat more her doctorate in St. John’s medical Center CEO circumspect. integrative biology from the Uni“I’d caution versity of Caliyou a little,” he fornia, Berkeley. said. “The lay auShe said one of the things the interna- dience can apply it all too well to all tional research team at the institute sorts of phenomenon. It’s important to is looking at is how genes are “turned know about, but I think right now we on and off by environmental factors.” just need to be cautious.” That could be what we eat, toxins in But he and Hochheiser agreed it’s our environment or other factors. a science that shows amazing promise For example, a village on the island on many fronts. of Guam has an unusually high rate of “It’s explaining what we used to Lou Gehrig’s disease and Alzheimer’s. call drug resistance,” Hochheiser said. Led by the institute’s executive direc- “Suddenly we have a scientific basis.” tor Paul Cox, a team of researchers It may lead to new treatments for canlooking for an answer why discovered cers and many other serious diseases. that a fruit the villagers ate contained “The truth is it’s creating a new a kind of bacteria that made a neu- tool for us and new understanding rotoxin. This toxin triggered a gene that we never had that is truly in its that causes cells to create misshapen infancy. It’s going to be game changproteins associated with the dreaded ing,” he said.
“It’s creating a new tool for us ... that we never had that is truly in its infancy.”
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