Design Report Architectural Design Thesis (THS70108)
Master of Architecture School of Architecture, Building & Design Taylors University
Tay Jia Jian 0315508 Supervised: Ar Axxu Hoi
The Wetland
Abstract This design thesis aim to an alternative spatial arrangement and self-sustainable residential typology along the coastal areas. As the current global warming become more serious every year. One of the problem that cause by global warming is sea water levelling rising issue that have huge impact many country along the coastal area. Thus, how architecture address and approach to sea water level rising issues? How architecture can develop an alternative residential typology that able to sustain the future climate change and integrate to the social-cultural context along the coastal area? It focus on living with water where building, people and water able to form a balance in between. This design thesis is an exploration to develop an alternative typology that able to adapt to the sea water living rising along the coastal area in the coastal context of Malaysia.
Introduction Background
As the global warning become more serious each year that have cause a series of problems to environment, society and economic. One of the problems is the rising of sea water level become a serious problem to several country like Thailand, Venice, Singapore, Jakarta and so on. The technologies that are related to encounter this problems have being develop and tested out. For example in Netherlands, they have develop some housing structure that are adapt to water level. With the sea water level rising problems, many architect firm start visualize several new concept of building typology. For example, BIG have design a water city system concept. Question about how to living with water started become a discussion topic in architecture forums and talks. How to adapt to the future sea water rising scenario. What is the best building concept of typology that can encounter this problem? Therefore, this thesis is regarding an alternative residential typology that able to sustain the future climate change and integrate to the social-cultural context along the coastal area in the coastal context of Malaysia.
Research Question How architecture can develop an alternative residential typology that able to sustain the future climate change and integrate to the social-cultural context along the coastal area?
Aim To develop an alternative spatial arrangement and self-sustainable residential typology along the coastal areas
Objective I. II.
To create an alternative way that able to living with water typology residential from an architecture approach. To create a residential typology that able to adapt to sea water level rising.
Low Rise Apartment High Rise Condominium
High Rise Condominium
Low Rise Apartment
Double Story Terrace House
Terrace House Medium Rise Condominium
Low Rise Condominium
Bungalow
Fishing Settlement
Evolution of Housing Typology
In response to design an residential typology, I look back to the history of residential typology .Nowadays, there is a lot of talk about living sustainably, and sometimes people go to great lengths for this purpose. It often surprises just how complicated people choose to make this process when if we really want to live in a sustainable home and lead a sustainable lifestyle, maybe we need not look too far — just go back to the roots.
Evolution of Coastal Typology in Malaysia. 1 6 0 0
1 7 0 0
1 8 0 0
1 9 0 0
1 9 3 0
1 9 5 0
1 9 6 0
1 9 8 0
2 0 1 0
?
2 0 5 0
Furthermore, I go learn about the history of typology in coastal area in the context or Malaysia. As we can see in the from the 1600 years to 1980 year there are no so much changes in term of building type and so on. Only is the user and social context is different. In 20th century people started invest in coastal area that have develop many building typology that didn’t integrate with the context. Due to the sea water level rising, what is the new typology in the future in 2050?
Site Context Telok Gong, Klang Malaysia.
12,000 m2 approx.
This site is located in Telok Gong, Klang, Malaysia. In the figure above can see the area basically is form by residential, industrial and greenery. Choosing this location is because the area is first the area erosion rate is slower because is protect by land surrounding. Secondly the industry boat is less enter to this area. Moreover, this is that area that going facing sea water level rising directly in the future.
2050 ---------------------------------1 meter 2100 -------------------------------2.5 meter
The diagram above show the simulation for the site selection which is simulate the worst scenario. Which is would be rise 1 meter in coming 30 year and 2.5 meter in 2100 year. Based on the oversea statistic website that have estimated the number that people will effect in 2100 year.
Precedent Study LOUVER ABU DHABI By Jean Nouvel
In this case study, the architecture have feature the water design into the building in the context of beach typology. How the architect integrate the water into the building and what planning for water circulation and normal circulation.
Precedent Study Master Thesis Song Jie Lim
The cultural practices and growth patterns of the Kampungs of Jakarta are the inputs to the design development of an informal self build city system. The design proposal seeks to balance population expansion and demographic changes with environmental performance and reducing flood risk.
ANALYSIS OF EXISTING COASTAL SETTLEMENT
Pulau Ketam, Klang
Pulau Ketam is one of the costal settlement there is famous nearby in KL. With the feature of the traditional cultural
and
architecture
that
become a famous tourist spot in this few year.
From
analysis
this
coastal
typology, what we can learn from this typology is the building program that help to sustain the community, the circulation of water and land, the connection among the building and so on.
In conclusion to the exiting coastal settlement is Pulau Ketam have a sense of community no coming only because isolation maybe is more human centric design and more narrow corridor that bring people closer. The self-sustainability of settlement especially shiny during this covid period with basic facilities like grocery, medical facilities and so on. And two sidesbeauty of the site when having water and without water.
Derived from Pulau Ketam the essential program that able to provide residential typology liveability and self-sustainable is conducted as above program matrix.
Zoning
Site Analysis
Design Concept
Design concept is incremental & aggregation that able to enhance the integration between spaces, program and people. By breaking down building into smaller components and rearrange it and combine with different sequence and need to the user that able to maximise user needs in those flexibility that provide by this concept.
Diagram below is traditional Malay house in Malaysia is one of the example that similar to incremental and aggregation concept from the main space then addition with different space based on user need and form one of the combination. Space Plan
System of Structure
In system of structure that able to achieve the incremental and aggregation concept need certain of flexibility. In study life cycle of building have categories those elements according the flexibility.
Understand the Tide
In response to the site context, understand the tide range the sequence of the tide become very significant to the design. Luckily due ton the technologies nowadays there is many data that conducted and able to use to as a reference when design the building how to integrate with high tide and low tide.
Understand the Mangrove Forest
One other significant element in surrounding context is mangroves forest. From the section of mangroves forest we have learn something unexpected. From this section of mangroves forest, we can see from the sea – land the mangroves is different species and the structure of the tree also is different to adapt those context.
Land Typology
Building Typology Water Typology
Coastal
site combination
with
three
typology that occur along whole section from the land to the sea. Different context and typology allow to bring different experience to the user. Also want to give another approach toward the relationship between the building and water in coastal area Malaysia. Coastal Typology
Exploration of Combination
Integration with water Circulation Without Water
Landscape Without Water
With Water
With Water
Approach Without Water
Platform Without Water
With Water
With Water
Ground Floor Plan NTS
During Low Tide
Schematic Section NTS
During High Tide
Serial Vision