Design Realization Report Jiao Peng Unit 22
Contents 0.0
Introduction
0.1 0.2 0.3
Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9 1.10 1.11 1.12 1.13
Site Analysis Program Analysis Site Division and Organisation General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of Escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Health and Safety in Construction Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems Acoustics Qualities Health and Safety in Construction
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3
Material Selection and Performance Structural Aims and Intent Structural Development
2.5 2.6 2.7 2.8 2.9 2.10 2.11
Key Structural Key Jointing Details Key Enclosure Details Construction Sequence Water Ingress &Rainwater Drainage Internal Fire Spread & Fire Safety Thermal Insulation
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4 3.5 3.6
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading Environmental Impact of Chosen Matterials Environmental Impact of Building Life Cycle
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
2 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
0.0
Introduction
0.1 0.2 0.3
Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
3 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Unit 22 agenda When considering architectural culture, many people feel that ‘the pressure to innovate has become pervasive. Both inside and outside the architectural profession, we are increasingly pressed by the quest for the new; by an innovation imperative’1. This year Unit 22 want to explore i n d e p t h , t h e re a l n e c e s s i t y of innovation, and analyse its commitments with a critical eye. We will try to overcome architects’ preferences for an innovation based purely on individual values such as imagination, personal entrepreneurship, inspiration or anticipation. We do agree these are crucial requirements for a future practitioner however, through adopting the values of many other authors and institutions, we will define and support a type of innovation based on higher levels of c o m m o n o rg a n i s a t i o n . T h i s requires re-addressing the action of the architect with respect to factors that include the context, users, politicians and industry among others. We will employ (Drucker, 1985) as, ‘the act that endows resources with a new capacity to create wealth’, which for the aforementioned reasons, best introduces our intentions.
4 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
Project Starting Point According to the previous research and design, a student accommodation with ‘the house of the future’ was designed. The innovation point is that the wall of the house can collect rainwater and allow air circulation. Based on the project of the first term, the project is mainly targeted at the students, in a small village near the mountain and by the river. The building mainly provides accommodation for local students, collects rainwater to satisfy the daily demands, thus to educate the tourists to cherish the water resources.
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
About Hongcun 2
1
1. Tourists from faraway places mainly come from European countries and Central American regions.
Hongcun is a village in Yi County county, Anhui Province, China, near the southwest slope of Mount Huangshan. With about 900-year history, the whole village was built near the mountain and by the village. It has green hills in the back as the protective screen, and with a high terrain, it can keep off the wind from the north. it allows people to look up to the mountain and enjoy the sound of mountain spring. The village builders looked forward and built the village by building the drainage system first
tier cities.
as the water, and it is also the reason why it is more attractive than other villages of Hui style. Hong Village in Yi County of Huangshan, Anhui is honored as the ‘village in picture’.
3. In recent years, the number of tourists in Hong Village increases.
Huang Shan
45000000
However, the number of tourists in Hong Village increases year by year, and there are too many tourists in Hong Village. The thick crowds of people break the tranquility of the village, and as a result, the ancient village grows to be a downtown area, as if it were a market.
21.5%
40000000
21%
35000000
20.5%
30000000
20%
25000000
19.5% 18%
20000000
17.5%
15000000
17%
10000000
16.5%
5000000
16%
0
Location: Long 117°38′，LAT 30°11′ Area: 191100 ㎡
15.5%
tourist
2008
2009
2010
2011
2012
2013
2020
2030
2040
2050
growth rate
3
Hong Cun
6 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
0.0
Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
About Anhui culture The distinctive features of Anhui culture are chiefly embodied in such aspects as Cheng-Zhu philosophy, Anhui style architecture, Anhui opera, Anhui food, Chinese medicine, calligraphy, abacus calculation and Chinese painting. The Anhui style architectures, for example, includes various types such as memorial archways, ancestral hall, academies of classical learning and residential buildings, with unique brick, wood and stone carving decorations and furnishings. The abacus calculation by
As perfect unions of spatial forms and ideologies, Hongcun, have the following characteristics: 1.
Site planning was directed by Fengshui(geomantic)theories. Hongcun are situated at the foot of mountains and face rivers or lakes, and take
requirements. 2. They feature concentration of clans with identical surnames, bound by family and blood ties. 3. Hongcun has the tradition of respecting scholars and valuing education. Strong cultural atmosphere was formed with building like ancestral halls, academies, memorial archways and water mouth gardens 4. The architectural styles and types and type are uniform, but combinations are rich and diverse. Based on timber structures, the main building materials are brick, tile, stone, and timber 5. The architectural decorations are mainly brick, wood, and stone carvings, which are highly elaborate and artistic. In the halls there are always horizontal tablets with inscription, antithetical couplets and furnishings reflecting the hosts taste, interests and aspirations. Cultivation of courtyard gardens is trend.
7 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
in the history of abacus calculation. Anhui food is one of the eight culinary school in china. Anhui opera is the predecessor of Peking opera- the most famous traditional Chinese opera. The Cheng-Zhu philosophy established by Cheng Yi, Cheng Hao and Zhu xi based on Confucianism and has had huge influence on the ideology during the last period of Chinese feudal society. From the choice of location, the layout, construction and decoration, to people’s customs, mentality, ideology and behavior patterns, the ancient villages in southern Anhui were built of the Anhui culture.
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
About local architecture Huizhou architectural Features of Huizhou architectural culture: 1. High walls, windows are seldom opened, and the gable walls on both sides are all built into horsehead walls. 2. With courtyard, people will not enter the house directly through the entrance, and there is a small courtyard. 3. Patio, one of the most representative features of Huizhou dwellings, and it plays a vital role in ventilation and lighting. Furthermore, there may be rain, snow or sunlight in the yard, which can draw people close to the nature. 4. Wood structure, the walls of Huizhou dwellings fall into maintenance structure, and actually it is the wood pillar that supports the entire house. Later, we have learnt that during the construction process, the pillar structure of Huizhou dwelling is built at first, and then the outer walls are built. 5. Symmetry, Huizhou dwelling is particular about symmetry no matter in house structure or the indoor space. 6. Carvings, there are many tile carvings and stone carvings in the house, which are quite excellent. The carvings are usually used to decorate the gate house.
8 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
The main features of hongcun 1 Site planning and layouts by the east mountain and the stone drum mountain, which are The village basically faces the south, with its central part lying at the very center of the surrounding mountains and rivers, which conforms to the geomantic theory requiring “embracing the masculine and positive and gathering the energy of life 2 Spatial features of villages and the water, streets and lanes The artificial water system running through every household village there is a half-moon shaped public pond- the moon embody the landscape and artistic values are the simple and antique buildings reflected in the moon pond and the south mountains, providing special human settlement and landscape
Hongcun Plan
The village became a UNESCO World Heritage Site in 2000 Continuous vertival Plan of the South Lake
Continuous vertival Plan of the Moon Pond 9 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Hongcun's heritage building
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
1
1
2
old village 4 heritage building 3
Hongcun has an area of 19.11 hectares. It lies at the foot of leigang mountain, an aftermath of huangshan mountain, and faces Yi stream, yangzhan river, and cillage ji across the river, to the west. There is a 400-year-old water way in hongcun, which runs through every households in the village and forms two ponds of different sizes in the middle and south of the village- the Moon Pond and the South Lake. This water system determines the layout of the entire village and provides a unique appearance with high artistic and landscape values. The streets and lanes are mostly built along the water way. There are ancient buildings, including academies, ancestral halls and residential buildings.
new village 2 3 4
one day tour route
Tourists received in 1996-1998 by Hongcun (in thousand)
Site
In hongcun there are 8 tour ggudes, 3 tourist hotels with an area of 1500 square meters and 500 beds, and 10 restaurants with total area of 2000 square meters.
The touring route of Hong Village is usually one day or two days’ journey.
10 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
The whole view of South Lack
7.3 km 12 min
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Introduction
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Unit 22 Agenda and Project Starting Point Context Local Development Plans
School
1
site
29 mi n
New village
Dwellings Heritage building New building
16
.7
km
Site
Administrative departments
2
The local government has plans to build a new district Hongcun . Improve production and living conditions of villagers' demands have been resolved , but also reduces the impact of the modern lifestyle of ancient houses . Moreover, in order to protect heritage sites , as well as organizations in the local administrative office, schools, enterprises and institutions to move out of the protected area , the vast majority of these public facilities located in the core area of heritage .
1. Nanping
2. Mukeng and Bamboo forest
Second tour route Main tour route Hot spots
approved Planning for the Protection and Development of Hong Village. On November 30, 2000, Hong Village was listed as the world cultural heritage by UNESCO, and in 2001, it was intended to be the Key Cultural Relic Protection Unit and patriotism education base of Anhui Province. On December 30, 2002, it joined the China Landscape and Historic Sites
Dwellings Heritage building Old building Square
Local government development plan map 11 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of Escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
12 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
FOOTPATH
DWELLINGS
HERITAGE BUILDING
P
SITE FIELD
SUN PATH VEHICLE ROUTES
13 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1 PARKING
2
3
4
5
14 16 12
4
16
19 9
4 14 16
14 12
18
9 12
18
9
9
16
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
21
6
N
1.0
4 19
4 9
19
1
4 4
4
19 12
25
n.
18
9
6
E
W
9
9
21
3
7
5
15
20
21
The Numbers of Raining Days 4
16
4
Climate
19
In Hongcun, the climate is warm and temperate. There is significant rainfall throughout the year in Hongcun. Even the driest month still has
S
19
25 3
10
16
1
14
6
0
9
7
3
as Cfa. The average annual temperature in Hongcun is 15.5 째C. About 1646 mm of precipitation falls annually.
7
16 16 Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
14
Jul.
16 Aug. Sept. Oct.
Nov. Dec.
16
The Numbers of Sunny Days
The distribution of climate in the global
According to the theory of Yin and Yang and five elements, it hopes to seek for vital dwellings through observing and understanding the natural landform. Generally, places with picturesque scenery are selected, which can resist wind and flood, and satisfy the functional demands on real life. The favorable topographic conditions of Hong Village forms unique microclimate for villages. The mountain on the west side of the village shut out the frost northeast wind in winter, while the cool southeast wind can blow directly in summer. Excellent to the environment protection.
Jan. Jul.
Aug. Sept. Oct.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Jul.
Aug. Sept. Oct.
Nov. Dec.
Nov. Dec.
250
35
200
30
150
25 20
100
15
50
10
0
5
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul.
Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Average Rainfall (mm Graph for Hongcun)
Jan. Feb. Mar. Apr. May. Jun. Jul.
Aug. Sept. Oct. Nov. Dec.
Average Temperature Graph for Hongcun 14 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Jan.
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Jul.
Aug.
seed is planted
Sep.
Oct.
Nov.
Dec.
4
harvested sprout
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Climate and geographic position of Hong Village are quite appropriate for planting rice.
harvested
seed are thrashed
seed to make oil
2
harvested
1
before 8.00 a.m
2 3
4
natural cultivation produce fruit
after 8.00 a.m
1
used for heating
picked for storage
3
natural cultivation
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Since Hong Village has a good location, near the mountain and by the river. In the past, water was quite clean, and it could be used for washing and cooking. But at present, it is only applicable for washing and cooking before eight.
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
1. Anhui Shengdan Bio- Chemical Co. 2. Sinopec, the China Petroleum and Chemical Corporation 3. Anqing Shiling Chemical Co., Ltd 4. Anhui Lixing Chemical Co., Ltd. 5. Huangshan Hua Hui Fine Chemical Co.
2
3
4
5k
m
1
10 km
Pollution
15
km
Industrial emissions from factories and power plants that burn fuels such as natural gas, coal or oil, emit smoke that gives off oxides of sulfur and nitrogen is one cause. Another cause is vehicles (e.g. cars, buses) that burn gasoline and diesel. The exhaust emitted by burning these fuels contains sulfur dioxide, an oxide of sulfur. Also, vehicles that have gas engines will produce oxides of nitrogen, another cause of acid rain. One other cause is home fires giving off smoke that contains sulfur dioxide. Some fairly minor causes are natural causes which are volcanoes, swamps and rotting plants giving off sulfur dioxide. Natural causes only account for 10% of the pollution causing acid rain. 16 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
5
5200 tourists
viste to Hongcung per day
6000 students
viste to Hongcung per day
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Several problems in Hongcun In history, human and animal excreta in ancient village were mainly collected by closestool, which could trade, and increase of tourists, restaurants and hotels, the ancient dwellings are perplexed by various modern urban problems, such as sewage and garbage disposal. Students
Tourist
Five problems challenge the protection of Hongcun ‘In Hongcun, there are now 22 restaurants and hotels, excluding some scattered family hotels. It directly results in the huge increase in the household garbage and quantity of wastewater effluent.’ According to statistics, the annual waste emission of Hong Village is as high as 577 tons, while the annual sewage emission is above 300000 tons.
Many students paint in the old city.
Some students in order to facilitate their paint wash water is usually poured directly into the nearest creek.
Tourists have crowded the roads
Visitors nomally throw garbage in the old city.
Meanwhile at present, the waste in the village is still disposed by piling or filling, which is quite to the disadvantage of the environmental protection. As for the sewage discharge, there is no independent and perfect drainage system in Hong Village, and substantial domestic sewage is directly discharged into the water body or permeates into the ground without processing. In addition, some students may pour the pigment waste with substantial chemical substance and heavy metal freely when drawing, which severely pollutes the water, and deteriorate the water quality. ‘The Bureau of Yi County.
The garbage of Hongcun annual capacity was 577 tons, and the volume of sewage discharge was 30 million tons.
The number of tourists is far beyond its capacity. According to the bearing load of tourist environment checked and controlled by the protection planning, the maximum saturated daily reception of Hong Village is 5200 people. However, with the development of tourist industry in Hong Village, the surge of substantial tourists, especially at weekends and peak tourist season, the reception is beyond its With the development of tourism, there is a rapidly increase in the hotel, hostel and restaurants, which provide ancient dwellings with many problems such as the sewage disposal and garbage disposal.
crowds, which breaks the tranquility of village, and the ancient village turns to be a downtown area. In the future, houses can play a 17 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Hongcun Village Committee
Numerous of tourists went to hongcun, therefore it caused many problems. I think Local government could control the number of the tourist.
Students
Purify water
Tourists
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Accommodation living, cooking, washing
Watching the process of purify water The program mainly provides accommodation for students,
Cooking
Sleeping
water resources.
Drinking old water directly
The proposed inhabitancy for the building as follows: 250 no. persons - tourist 30 no, persons - student 5 no, persons - maintenance and admin. staff
Watching the heritage building
Common spaces:
1 no. person - architect as in-house consultant
why can't drink rainwater in China ? Because unlike other places in the world, the tap water in China is not drinkable. Its because of the severe pollution there. Same thing with the Chinese sky, its never so blue. If you've ever been to China, you'll know that its a very messy place, full of cars, people, and ugly grey buildings. In fact, China is THE most polluted country. Other places like africa might be poor, but they aren't polluted like China.
18 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
6m
40
40
35
35
30
30
25
25
20
20
15
15
10
10
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
1
5
2 Plants
Fishing
Drawing
Hot drinking
Cold drinking
Soup
Sale water
Tea
Cleaning
Shampoo
Brushing teeth
Shower
Laundry
Laundry
1 2 19 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Washing
crops
lake
Purify water process 20 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
The volume of drinking water one day
The volume of using water one day
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
The demand of dringking water per day.
20L~ 25L
* 28 = 700L
+
5L
2L
1L
5L
The demand of using water per day.
5L
10L
5L
4L
8L
65L~ 70L
1L
5L
7.00
5L
5L
7.00
60L
* 28 = 1960 L night
Using water Drinking water 1L water
1L 1L
1L
One person needs 90L of water pre day. there are almost 28 students involving the program.
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22 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Student drawing space & tourist outlool space Communal shower space
Communal kitchen
Student single room
Student medium room
Tourist shower space
General Arrangement Student large room
23 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
The rooms of students are distributed in the middle area, while functional regions, such as kitchen and showering space, are mainly distributed on two sides area. The washing place and main communal space are allocated in the living space.
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
2
3 4
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
2
3 4
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
2
3 4
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
2
3 4
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29 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
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1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
disable access route Corridors and gangways All private corridors and gangways have a muniment width of 900 mm. all general access corridors and gangways have a minimum width of 1200 mm wherever there is a risk of falling from height, corridors and gangways have a balustrade at a minimum height of 1200mm.
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route taken by tourist from car park to heritage area
student living room compliant general access stairs compliant wheelchair accessible ramp
Escape signs and labels An emergency exit in a structure is a special exit for emergencies such as of regular and special exits allows for faster evacuation, while it also provides an alternative if the route to the regular exit is blocked
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
strategically located (e.g. in a stairwell, hallway, or other likely place) outward opening door with a crash bar on it and with exit signs leading to it..t
smoke sensors
automatic sprinkler system
All rooms are equipped with smoke sensors and automatic sprinkler system as well as monitor in passage and guest lifts. The security Department provides 24 hours security service for user.
Emergency provisions
Primary route
Smoke sensors
Automatic sprinkler system
Fire warning
Secondary route Wheelchairs route
The building should be designed and constructed so that there are appropriate provisiions for
Escape signs and labels
of being used satefy and effectively at all times.
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Bridge
Arch - main structure
Timber secondary structure
It could connect the building with ground, which make tourists and stude n t g o t o h e r i t a g e v i l l a g e directly.
Due to the slabs are not touch the ground. slab would hanging on the arch, which makes more stable.
Several timbers hang on to slabs, which is more strong .
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Timber facades frame
Tower - main structure Supporting the structure of purify water system
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Basic structural loads diagram
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Tower
Arch
Cable - hanging slab
column - hanging slabs
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Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
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Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Facade
Tension Rainwater collection systems and services systems
Gravity 35
Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1
Concret basement and erection of metal tower
2
Concret basement and erection of arch
3
Structral panels hanging on the arch and †ower
4
Construction of column
5
Installation of timber facades frame
6
Construction of timber structure
7
Installation of wind wheel and water collection
the walls. construct. 36 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
1 Existing Foundation
2
3
Erection of arch
5
Slabs hanging on the arch.
6
7
1. Facade as one part of the structure of this project, which could make the building more stable. 2. Towers are building up, at the same time, the slab building on the tower.
9 Finishing the slab hanging on the arch and tower. Elevator installation. Finishing the structure of the purify water system.
11 Installation of the harvesting rainwater.
Facade on the tower
37 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
8 Several stairs build between the central slabs and tower's slabs.
The slab on the tower would connect with the arch.
10
4 1. Timbers hanging on the arch 2.Two towers are erected from ground.
12
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
steel
Site
concrete
timber
shanghai bamboo
bamboo skin
ptfe
map of area surrounding the site highlighting the source of materials
38 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Prevailing wind in the whole year
N
Jan.
Prevailing wind on
Feb.
Mar.
Apr.
May.
Jun.
Jul.
Aug. Sept. Oct.
Nov. Dec.
The building is orientated to take advantage of the wind and maximize solar raditation
39 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
3
1
2 2 5
crop lands
4
1. Purify rainwater by using at kitchen room 2. Purify rainwater to drinking 3. The rainwater can be collected and exposed under the sun for watering the plants. 4. The rainwater in river can be collected through wind energy,
surrounding crop lands.
40 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Natural day light from the north Natural ventilation from prevailing wind Electricity cables from generator Electricity cables from generator
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
LED cables along roof
Since there are many rainy days in Hong Village, and there are few sunny days, this project will try to get more sunlight into the
41 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
Human excrement can be applied as the organic fertilizer for crops, which can provide the required nutrients for the growth of plants. In the 1970s, the countryside was getting used to take the human and animal excreta as fertilizer, for it is a good organic fertilizer, with ‘nutriments’ required by the growth of crops (mainly nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium and some microelements), more comprehensive than the synthesized chemical fertilizers. But currently, it is seldom used owing to the collection cost, and mainly chemical fertilizers are applied. Besides, it may make the nature of soil worse, and even pollute the environment. Even though the smell of waste is ‘disgusting’, it will not do harm to the soil. On the contrary, it will increase the organic content in the soil. Therefore, excrement is ‘harmless’ fertilizer.
Ventilation
Sanitation
42 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Rainwater harvest system and purify water system
43 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1.0
Building Form Systems, Planning and Context
1.1 1.2 1.3 1.4 1.5 1.6 1.7 1.8 1.9
Site Analysis Program Analysis General Accommodation Arrangement Access and Circulation Means of escape Overall Structural Strategy Overall Construction Strategy Environmental Strategy M&E and Sanitation Systems
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
44 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Steel Steel is a unique material because it is truly recyclable – when steel is recycled it becomes new steel and not an inferior product. Since steel does not downgrade when recycled, it can be re-used over and over again and moreover, steel is the most recycled material in the world. The impact of making steel can be viewed as an investment in a material which will be used again and again, rather than a one-off, making steel a highly sustainable material. 99% of structural steel is recycled or re-used when a building is demolished
steel
Concrete Concrete are used in slab of the building. Concret is thermally massive absorbing heat slowly during the day and emitting it at night. Concrete is used widely in Hongcun. The concrete will last the full 25 year life span and after demolition it can be ground and used to form gabion walls.
concrete
Timber Timber will be manufactured off site and transported to site.
timber
insect infestation and will be structurally sound for the full 25 year life span of the building.
Bamboo bamboo skin
bamboo
Bamboo would be a basic structure of the wind wheel, which is easy to make by choosing bamboo. The bamboo will be treated every 5 years to protect it from insect infestation
Ptfe Ptfe is used to the collecting rainwater parts.It has a relatively long life span of 20-100 years
ptfe
45 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber roof frame
The important structural elements of this building are going to be described
Concrete slab with steel frame
Concrete slab
Timber facade
Timber facade to hold the water tank
Basic structure
46 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Arch
Tower
Timber structure connect with steel truss
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
timber structure key details
Timber structure
Facade
timber roof frame
Structure aim and intent This part of the report will be focused on two main points of the construction part, the primarily timber structure and a number of connection points was going to be described: 1, the building hanging on the arch. 2 the slabs hanging on arch structure. The report will introduce key details through construction sequence, in order to build the second part will be key detail.
Arch footing
The connection part timber is built in the traditional way - interspersed - based on the innovative connections. When the multi-record materials used in construction, innovative timber frame with these different materials necessary connection point is one of innovation.
Concrete slab key details
Making model Schedule
Day 1
Day 2
Day 6
47 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Day 7
Day 8
Day
1
1, Holes are dug and the in-situ cast concrete pile foundations are poured on sitem 2, Prefabricated connoisseur part shipped from the factory , transported to the base, set up bases and Construction
Day
4
Day
Day
2
3. Concret slab pouring at the scene , while the structural part is prefabricated in the factory . 4. Installing the timber structure and connect with slab.
Day
5. All timber structure supported by scaffolding, hanging on the main arch structure
Day
5
6. Concrete slabs are put up the timber column.
Day
3
6
8. Slabs are prefabricated in the factory and then transported to the site.
7
Day
8
48 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
DETAIL 14
DETAIL 6
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
DETAIL 5
+ 19800 mm
+ 19800 mm + 17500 mm
DETAIL 1
DETAIL 7
DETAIL 12 + 14200 mm
DETAIL 8
+ 12500 mm DETAIL 9
+ 11200 mm
DETAIL 10
+ 12500 mm
+ 96500 mm
+ 96500 mm
DETAIL 4
+ 8200 mm
+ 4750 mm + 3250 mm
+ 3250 mm
+ 0 mm
DETAIL 3
- 11000 mm
DETAIL 2
0m
5m 49 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Model The Basic Structure
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Steel arch structure
Steel tower structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
50 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
1
Arch Detail
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
arch
the reference of the weld
basement
DETAIL1
51
1: 200
Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Footing Details
5째
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
1500mm
13
1
2.0
1700mm
2
째 20
1
3
4
DETAIL 2
DETAIL 3
DETAIL 2 & 3 scale1:50 Arch Footing 1. thick steel plate continuously welded to thick base plate 2. thick reinforced concrete base 3. anchor set in 2500 PSI concrete footing 4. steel reinforcement bars Arch footing model
52 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Oyler Wu Collaborative Sci Arc Graduation Pavilion Custom
Tower Details
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
In order to increase the stability of the structure and portability using this structure, which could also reduce the original weight. The process of tower construction
53 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Tower Details
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
4 1 2
3 2
4
100mm
180mm
54 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
100mm
DETAIL 4 scale 1:2 steel tower Plan
1. custom steel connection plate 2. 60* 60 mm square hollow 3. steel nut and steel bolt 4. 100 mm thick steel ring bearing
Model The connection of the arch and timber
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber columns
Composite steel frame
Steel arch structure
Steel tower structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
55 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2
Model The connection of the arch and timber
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber columns
Composite steel frame
Steel arch structure
Steel tower structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
56 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3
Details The initial idea of connection
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
1
2
3
4 Section 5
6
DETAIL 5 scale 1:2 details The connection of the timber and arch 1. upper chord arch girder 3. steel RHS 4. M 12 steel bolt with steel nut connection 5. custom steel connection plate 6. primary timber post 57 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details The developing of connection
1
2
2
4
DETAIL 5 The connection of the timber and arch
the model
1. primary timber post 2. custom steel connection plate 3. steel arch structure 58 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Details The developing of connection
1
2
2 3
DETAIL 6 The connection of the timber and arch 1. primary timber post 2. custom steel connection plate 3. steel arch structure 59 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Details The developing of connection
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber columns
the model
Composite steel frame The axonometric of slab and timber column
60 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details The connection of the timber and slab
1
2 3
4
DETAIL 7 The connection of the timber and slab 2. M 8 steel bolt with steel nut connection 3. custom steel connection plate 4. primary timber post
the model 61 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Details Timber column joint
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Primary timber post
Timber column joint
Timber column
timber angle for transmission of horizontal loads from bridge The axonometric of slab and timber column
62 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details Timber column joint
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
1
2
3
4
5
1:10 DETAIL 8 scale 1:20 The connection of the timber and slab 2. M 8 steel bolt with steel nut connection 3. custom steel connection plate 4. timber joint 5. primary timber post 63 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Model Slab hanging on the timber
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber columns
Composite steel frame
Steel arch structure
Steel tower structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
64 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
4
Details
1
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
2
3
4 5
Shear connection can be made tee or 2 angles, or a tab plate welded to column
DETAIL 9 scale 1:10 1. steel I - beam 200 mm width 2. concrete 3. steel I - beam 30 mm width 4. steel angles for the connection of laminated glass 5. 16mm laminated safety glass slab model
Pier Luigi Nervi Airplane Hangar
65 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details The choice for slab's material
laminated safety glass
concrete
steel frame 66 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Model
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Composite steel frame
Timber columns Steel arch structure Facade
Steel tower structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
67 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
5
Details Steel section connection member
The development of the structure
68 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Details Steel section connection member
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Normal timber structure was originally a need for lateral support beams to the building, but on the basis of innovation, design retains some features of the wooden structure. The beam structure is removed. It is replaced by a new structure.
Timber column
Hollow steel section connection member
Steel connection plate
Composite steel frame
69 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details Steel section connection member
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
1
2 3
4
5
6
DETAIL 10 scale 1:20 1. hardwood primary timber beams 2. M 12 steel bolt with steel nut connection 3. custom steel connection plate 4. 750mm steel rod 5. 120Ă—120 hollow steel section connection member 6. steel connection plate
70 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Model
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Composite steel frame
Steel tower structure
Steel arch structure
Timber columns
Foundation
Lake
Day
71 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
6
Details Steel section connection member
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
1
2
3
4
5
1:2 DETAIL 11 scale 1:2 Facade 1. steel I - beam 30 mm width 2. steel angles for the connection of laminated glass 3. 16mm laminated safety glass 4. pivoting louvre , lined on both faces with veneered plywood 5. stoper 1:2.5
72
Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details Steel section connection member
1
2
3 4
5 6
4 7
8
9
DETAIL 12 scale 1:10 1. reinforced concrete 2. reinforced concrete base for anchoring cable net tower structure 3. steel threaded stirrup 4. 25mm steel connecting plate to anchor block 6. radial cable: 24mm exposed spiral cable 7.50mm milled steel bracket for steel tower structure 8. cast-steel clamp 9. steel tower structure 73 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Model
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Composite steel frame
Steel tower structure
Steel arch structure
Timber columns
Foundation
Lake
Day
74 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
7
Details Steel section connection member
1
2 60mm
300mm 3
DETAIL 13 scale 1:10 1. custom steel connection plate 3. M 12 steel bolt with steel nut connection
75 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Model
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Timber columns
Composite steel frame
Steel tower structure
Steel arch structure
Foundation
Lake
Day
76 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
8
Details Water harvesting structure
1
2
3
DETAIL 14 scale 1:10 1. timber for supporting water harvesting structure 2. custom steel connection plate 3. primary timber post 77 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
Details Water harvesting structure
0m
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
5m
Plan 1:100
Staten island esplanade in New York
78 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Details Water harvesting structure
1
2
3
4
5
2 3 5 1 1:5
DETAIL 15 scale 1:50 1. 4.8 mm clamping plate 2. steel angle 4. timber rod 5. PVC - coated polyester- fabric membrane 0m
79 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
5m
2.0
Building Construction
2.1 2.2 2.3 2.4 2.5
Building life cycle and impact of the materials Structural Aims and Intent Construction Sequence key structure bay structure Structural Development and Key detail
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
80 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
81 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
1
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
2
3
4
5
6
1. wind turbine - water could be collected to the tower through the wind 2. rain water collector- pump water to 7 to purified 3. rain water harvesting roof 4. daily consumption storage tank 5. water storage, not for consumption
7
6. water mill 7. steel structure
82 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
wind wheel
wind
Shampoo
Washing
Shower
water mill
Cleaning
Laundry
83 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
Hot drinking
Cold drinking
Sale water
Tea
2000mm
1700mm
1200mm
Soup
Brushing teeth 84 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Daily consumption storage tank
85 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
Radiation
Warm stale air out Warm stale air out
Cool fresh air in Louvres
Natural ventilation
cold air
86 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
Roof shading
Open area
Semi-enclosed shaded Area
Louvres
Open area
Semi-enclosed shaded Area
87 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
SUN PATH
Louvres
88 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
3.0
Building Performance
3.1 3.2 3.3 3.4
Overall Energy Strategy Water Supply, Dranage, Water Treatment Natural Ventilation, Heating and Cooling Solar Gain and Natrual Light, Shading
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
89 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
Public
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
Private
Financial context This building customer is China Education Development Foundation, which is a Chinese Education Development Foundation. It was initiated by the Ministry of Its purpose : to raise money extensively at home and abroad , supported by some local solutions in the reform and development of education . This project is to raise money to money from the wider community, tourists and students through a brief experience in the new building among tourists and Hongcun education students to cherish water resources and protection of ancient buildings.
Grant
Loan Establishing Cooperative Relationship with China’s Traditional Village Protection and Development Research Center
Local bank
China’s Traditional Village Protection and Development Research Center
Input:initial funding
With modernization, urbanization, rapid industrialization, from 2000 to 2010, China's villages dropped from 3.63 million to 2.71 million, 10 years to reduce the 900,000 villages, which contain a large number of traditional villages. Disappearance of traditional villages to create brilliant and varied history , culture and landscape, vernacular architecture , material witness was devoid of agrarian age , a large number of villages belonging to folk culture - " non-left" followed wiped out, the gathering of ethnic minorities on the verge of collapse , the protection of traditional villages imminent . April 2012 , under the initiative of Feng Jicai , the state decided by the four Bureau - Ministry of Housing , Ministry of Culture , the State Administration of Cultural Heritage , the Ministry of Finance jointly launched the Chinese traditional villages investigation and determined and issued the first batch of 646 Chinese List of traditional villages , the traditional villages of protection included in the national key projects. In this context, approval of Chinese People Concord, Tianjin University, established Chinese Traditional Villages in Conservation and Development Research Center, aims to further promote the implementation of conservation and development of traditional villages with the theory and practice of construction,
Output Accommodation
tourism
Incom
Incom
Therefore, the building is mainly to publicize how to protect the ancient village to cherish the ancient village water system as the main clues. So that tourists and students in the importance of water in Hongcun learned, and his hard-won through the water
Money devoted to the education of students
Money used for building maintenance
90 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
-Site preparation for this base is to carry out alterations based on the existing parking lot, you need to spend some money to rest base. - Fees and charges for local architect and contractors- which is generally based on the construction area. For architects and general contractors, it paid approximately selection of contractors is also a certain challenge. In general, the choice of local contractors will be relatively low budget, because it will not take some accommodation, transportation fees. - Construction costs - Building costs -Site topographical survey Cost Analysis
- Risk assessment
The site area is about 3000 m2.
Cost OF Structure:
2 2500 m .
Part of the structure is prefabricated in a factory and then transported to the base for installation. So that we can reduce the cost of about 20%. Meanwhile, at the construction site also saves time.
Section
Total Cost GBP
Percent %
Land cost
￡ 30000
￡ 10
38%
pouring site.
Advance works
￡ 1500
￡ 0.5
3%
Project construction costs
￡ 33000
￡ 11
41%
Indoor completed - appropriate acoustical materials and surfaces may be locally manufactured and assembled on site , so the cost will be more than in other parts of the building a little less
Infrastructure costs
￡1200
￡ 0.4
1.6%
Public facilities fees
Not included
-
-
Risk and uncertainty costs
￡ 1080
￡ 0.36
1.4%
Taxes during development period
Not included
-
-
indirect costs
￡12000
￡4
15%
Total Costs
￡ 78780
￡26.26
100%
There are about 30% of the building are about prefabricated in the factory, which will reduce the budget site construction personnel and construction budget. To ensure one thing is needed in the selection of prefabricated factory in a place not far from the base. -maintenance: Construction costs of routine maintenance from his income.
91 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
Local planning policy 1. Urban planning, town planning to determine the scope of construction land, shall prepare regulatory detailed planning. Controlling detailed planning city and county government seat of the town , city or county government department in charge of the preparation of urban and rural planning organizations in accordance with the requirements of urban , town master plan by the by the city or county government approval , at the session of the People's Congress Standing Commission and the People's Government on a record. Other towns detailed plan, organize the preparation of the request by the town government town overall planning at the county government approval. Among them, the town districts of the city planning area controlled detailed planning, reporting districts Municipal People's Government for approval.
Laws and regulations in Hongcun
2. Urban system planning should include: limiting construction zone, construction zone is prohibited regulatory requirements, an important resource and environmental protection objectives, within the major provincial regional infrastructure layout. Mandatory content cities, towns master plan should include: planning area , construction land planning area , infrastructure and public service facilities land , water sources and water systems , basic farmland and green space, environmental control index , natural and historical and cultural heritage protection areas and disaster prevention and mitigation . and infrastructure , as well as historical and cultural heritage protection areas involved conservation units nearby buildings, structures control indicators. 3. Historical and cultural city , town , village conservation planning should be consistent with the overall urban planning , town master plan , township and village planning synchronization planning preparation ; overall urban planning, town master plan , township and village planning plans already approved , should be separately protection plan prepared and submitted for approval in accordance with relevant state regulations, for the record. 4. Town , rural construction and development , should be combined with social development and industrial restructuring of the rural economy , local conditions, reasonably determine construction standards , overall drainage, electricity, gas , roads building communication , radio and television , sanitation and other infrastructure and schools , hospitals, cultural centers , kindergartens , welfare and other public service facilities , to provide services for the surrounding rural areas . 5. Accordance with State regulations require the submission of the application for the issuance of the construction project siting , construction units in accordance with the following provisions shall apply to the competent department of urban and rural planning : After requires the provincial people's government and relevant authorities , approval of construction projects, the provincial people's government department in charge of urban and rural planning to solicit project location city and county government department in charge of urban and rural planning advice , issuing site submission ; A. County governments and relevant departments for approval, approval of construction projects, the project location city and county governments and rural planning authorities issued site submissions. Urban and rural planning departments shall, within thirty days of receipt of the application to make a decision. Compliance with urban and rural planning, issuing site submission; does not comply with the urban and rural planning. Site submissions will not be issued, inform the applicant in writing and explain the reasons. B. Before a project starts construction , the construction unit shall entrust unit with corresponding mapping foundation , pipelines and other covert project is completed , it should be through the construction project planning permit issuing authority shall organize inspection line. Construction planning permit issuing organ shall be validated construction of detailed planning, construction of the overall plan design options to be published; construction unit or individual shall be publicized construction project planning to license the content and design of construction projects at the construction site. 6. Of the following circumstances , the city and county governments and rural planning departments may not apply for temporary construction land planning permit : A. in the historical and cultural district , town , village core scope of protection ; B. the impact of recent construction planning , controlling detailed planning and implementation ;
Heritage Area and Buffer Zone Chart of Ancient Village in Hongcun
92 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
E. Other circumstances laws and regulations prohibited
COST
TIME
5 4
1
QUALITY
2
3
3 C1 C3
T3
ST
CO
Time
ITY
QUALITY
2
2
3
Criteria Cost
PROS & CONS: With this method the design led the resultant building is usually of high quality. however, A disadvantage of this method is that the tendering process can take a long time There is no possibility from contractor or suppliers to reduce
team. TIME
2 The contractor is responsible for design as well as construction. A contractor is appointed very early in the project who agrees to deliver a building based on the clients requirements in a set time at an agreed price. The contractor appoints the design team, not always the same team that provide the clients requirements, and the design runs parallel to construction PROS & CONS: Guaranteed cost and completion date. The control of quality lies solely with the contractor and therefore often suffers.
1
Q1 4
Traditional procurement Method
5
AL
Design and Build procurement Method
Priority (1 lowest–5highest scale)
C1 Lowest possible capital expenditure C3 Best value for money overall
4 5 4
T1 Earliest possible start on site T2 Certainty over contract duration T3 Shortest possible contract period
3 4 4
Quality Q1 Top quality, minimum maintenance Q2 Sensitive design, control by employer Q3 Detailed design not critical, leave to contractor
2 2 5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
This method, the design team the design of the building before construction begins, work stages A-F in terms of the RIBA Plan of Works. Once a package of information is complete the work is tendered to a number of possible contractors. The tenders come back and a contractor is appointed by the Client. It is common that the most competitive tender is accepted.
COST
QU
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
1
4
Q2
5
TIME
T2
Q3
1
Building Delivery
Procurement Strategies
T1
C2 2
1
4.0
3 A contract is entered into between the client and a Management Contractor, and between the client and consultants. The client then has number of direct contracts with suppliers and contractors. The management Contractor oversees the organization and progression of the project.
COST
QUALITY
3
TIME
Management procurement Method
cost (price level or cost certainty) time (speed or certainty of completion date) quality (functionality and performance) 93 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
PROS & CONS: Construction can start immediately with detailed design being provided at the required stages of construction, this method is fast. The flow of information and the fact the Management Contractor has been appointed because of their management expertise ensures a high level of quality. Also there is a high level of flexibility with the ability for the Client to modify the design during the construction process. However, This method is high risk, and the risk is lies mainly
Contract for services
Client
Collateral agreement Collateral agreement
Client selected sub-contractors
Consultants
4.0
Building Delivery
4.1 4.2 4.3 4.4 4.5
Local and Finacial Context Planning constraints Procuring the Building Planning constraints The Role of Architectural Practice and consultant
Building contract
Client selected suppliers
The Role of the Architectural Practice
Contractor
Architects generally have to deal with two kinds of contract, one which is the agreement for providing professional services and the other the agreement usually between client and contractor, to carry out construction work. These two types of contract must be compatible with one another. It is usual that an architect will be appointed under one of the standard RIBA appointing documents which consists of a letter of appointment, conditions of engagement, a schedule of services and schedule of fees. With the suggested design, manage, construct procurement the architect would effectively need a services contract, and a management contract with the client.
Domestic sub-contractors suppliers Contractial relationships in traditional procurement
The Role of Consultants Contract for services
Client
As it is an innovative and experimental piece of architecture the importance of a good and open-minded team of consultants will be essential. Key members will include, a structural engineer, acoustic
Collateral agreements
Sub-contractor Management contract
Consultants
Works contractors
Works contractor
Nominated suppliers
Management Contractor
Contractial relationships in management contracting
94 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report
In this project it is also likely to be advantageous to employ specialist sub-contractors early in the design process under a pre-contract services agreement, to facilitate the detail design of the project. It will be down to the architect manager to co-ordinate work packages and tender them to relevant works contractors.
BIBLIOGRAPHY Books: Cantz; 3 edition, 2007 Routledge; 3 edition, 1994 David Chappell & Andrew Willis, “The Architect in Practice”, Blackwell Publishing, Oxford, 2005 MacDonald, Angus. Structure & Architecture. Oxford: Architectural Press, (2nd Edition) 2001. Bennett, David. "Innovations in concrete", Thomas Telford Ltd, 2003 Alexander Tzonis, “Calatrava Bridges”, Thames&Hudson, London, 2005 Websites:
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95 Jiao Peng Unit 22 INNOVATION FOR LIVING BENV GA08 Design Realization Report