BUILDING SCIENCE AND SERVICE by Zuxi Jia

Bachelor of Arts(Honours) in Interior Architecture BUILDING SCIENCE & SERVICE NAME: JIA ZUXI ID: 0338336 LECTURE: Ms Sharon

ASSIGNMENT 1 :LIGHTING AND VAC DESIGN FOR COMFORT

space heat calculation space 202 x 700 =14000 BTU/hr human heat 1 pax x 500 = 500BTU/hr Device Laptop Iphone Light

Wattate 45W 22W 3 X 3W =9W

TOTAL TOTAL BTU

76W X 3.5 =266W 14000 + 500 + 266 =14766 BTU

TARIFF RATES BEFORE NO. WATT 1 9W Living Room lightings 2 1050W Air Conditioner

Total energy used by 1 person/day 0.054+2.1= 1 person/ month Total energy x 30days 2.145 x 30 = 64.62 64.35 x 0.218 = TOTAL

AFTER NO. WATT 1 18W LIVING ROOM LIGHTINGS 2 12W LEG DOWINLIGHT 3 30W CEILING FAN 4 1050W Air Conditioner a)

DURATION FREQUENCY KWHR 6hrs 1 (9/1000) x 6 x 1 = 0.054 2hrs 1 (1050/1000) x 2 x 1= 2.1

2.154

RM14.09 RM14.09

DURATION FREQUENCY KWHR 6hrs 1 (18/1000) x 6 x 1 = 0.108 6hrs 1 (12/1000) x 6 x 1 = 0.072 4hrs 1 (30/1000) x 4 x 1 = 0.12 2hrs 1 (1050/1000) x 2 x 1= 2.1

Total energy used by 1 person/day 0.108+0.072+0.12+2.1=

2.4

1 person/ month Total energy x 30days 2.4 x 30 = 72 70.38 x 0.218 =

RM 15.70

TOTAL

RM15.70

Bill of Quantities Before Item

Description

Unit

Qty

3w spiral bulb.Nordic simple chandelier

Nos

Gree New 1.5HP Cold Plasma (GWC12QC) Golden Fin Air Conditioner

Nos

Rate

Total 167.8

1,050.00

Total Project Cost:

After Item L1

Description

Unit

Qty

Dellemade Modern Sputnik Chandelier

Nos

Gree New 1.5HP Cold Plasma (GWC12QC) Golden Fin Air Conditioner

1 Unit KDK Moshon Ceilling Fan

Adjustable Led Recessed Downlight

Rate

167.80

Pic

Note

Pic

NVC Industrial Park, Ruhu Town, Huicheng District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province

167.80

Source NVC Industrial Park, Ruhu Town, Huicheng District, Huizhou City, Guangdong Province

500 meters north of the intersection of Science Avenue 1,050.00 and West Fourth Ring Road, High-tech Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province

Nos

1,050.00

Nos

248.00

Puchong, 47130 Selangor.Kuala Lumpur

Nos

6.00

24.00

CHINA

Total Project Cost:

Note

500 meters north of the intersection of Science Avenue 1,050.00 and West Fourth Ring Road, High-tech Zone, Zhengzhou City, Henan Province 1,217.80

Total 167.80

Source

1,489.80

In this bedroom, there are many areas that need improvement. Because it is a very simple decoration, there is only one lamp, so I will change this 9W lamp and replace it with an 18W lamp to make it brighter. I will wait on both sides Plus LEG DOWINLIGHT, because there will be areas where the lights cannot be found on both sides, I will choose to strengthen it, and I will also use it when studying. Another is to install a ceiling fan in the light, which can be used when the air conditioner is not used. The air conditioner is not well placed. The air conditioner is facing the head of the bed, so it is easy to have a headache when blowing at the head of the bed, so I moved it to the side of the bed.

ASSIGNMENT 2A：

1. Measurements of 4 facing external walls(Bedroom)

●I. There are 4 walls in total labeled and coloured in the diagram above. so there are 4 wall calculations in total. ●II. The plan is of the ground floor of the house. ●III.Air conditioning is rarely turned in the bedroom. ●IV. WALL 1 and WALL 2 are exterior walls, WALL 1 have a window. WALL 3 have a door.

Wall Dimensions: • Wall 1 • Wall 2 • Wall 3 • Wall 4

= 9.84 ft.(L) x 8.85 ft. (H) =12.79 ft.(L)x 8.85 ft. (H) = 9.84 ft.(L) x 8.85 ft. (H) =12.79 ft.(L)x 8.85 ft. (H)

• Wall Materials: • Brick wall = 8”

WINDOW(4.75ft(L) x 4.75 ft(H)) DOOR(2.56ft(L) x 6.46ft (H))

• Total R value will be affected by the thickness of material/layer/wall but the R value(s) given in the lists are dependent on the type of material. R Value is shown below of each material taken from the list. MATERIALS THICKNESS R VALUE(F° . SQ.FT .HR /BTU)

CONCRETE MASONRY WALL(CMU)

DOOR WINDOWS

4”

1 3/4”

0.80

0.91

2.17

Wall interior & external temperature: TIME

Internal Temperature

External Temperature

7:00 A.M.

23°c / 73.4°F

27.3°c / 81.14°F

12:00 P.M.

26°c / 78.8°F

30.1°c / 92.18 °F

5:00 P.M.

25°c / 77°F

28.4°c / 83.12 °F

CALCULATIONS FOR HEAT & LOST OF EACH WALL • Wall 1

WINDOW

7:00 AM A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (4.75ft x 4.75 ft) = 64.5215 ft² 🔺T = 81.14°F - 73.4°F = 7.74 °F

A = 4.75ft x 4.75 ft =22.5625 ft² 🔺T = 81.14°F - 73.4°F = 7.74 °F

R = Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8

R = 0.91

q = 64.5215 x 7.74 / 0.8 = 624.25 Btu/hr

q = 22.5625 x 7.74 / 0.91 = 191.90 Btu/hr

TOTAL: 624.25 Btu/hr + 191.90 Btu/hr = 816.15 Btu/ hr

12:00 P.M. A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (4.75ft x 4.75 ft) = 64.5215 ft²

A = 4.75ft x 4.75 ft =22.5625 ft²

🔺T = 95°F - 75.2°F = 19.8 °F

Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8

R= 0.91

q = 64.5215 x 19.8 / 0.8 = 1596.91 Btu/hr

q = 22.5625 x 19.8 / 0.91 = 490.92 Btu/hr

TOTAL: 1596.91 Btu/hr + 490.92 Btu/hr = 2086.92 Btu/ hr

5:00 P.M. A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (4.75ft x 4.75 ft) = 64.5215 ft² 🔺T = 83.12°F - 77°F = 6.12 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8

A = 4.75ft x 4.75 ft =22.5625 ft² 🔺T = 83.128°F - 77°F = 6.12 °F R= 0.91

WALL 2 7:00 AM A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 81.14°F - 73.4°F = 7.84 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 7.84 / 0.8 = 1109.28 Btu/hr 12:00 P.M. A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 92.18°F - 78.8°F = 13.38 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 13.38 / 0.8 = 1893.13 Btu/hr

5:00 P.M. A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 83.128°F - 77°F = 6.12 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 6.12 / 0.8 = 865.91 Btu/hr

WALL 3 AND DOOR

7:00 AM

DOOR

A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (2.56ft x 6.46ft) = 47.9839 ft²

A = 2.56ft x 6.46ft =16.5376ft²

🔺T = 86.18°F - 78.8°F = 7.38 °F

Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8

R = 2.17

q = 47.9849 x 7.38 / 0.8 = 442.65 Btu/hr

q = 16.5376 x 7.38 / 2.17 = 56.24Btu/hr

TOTAL: 442.65 Btu/hr + 56.24Btu/hr = 498.89 Btu/hr

12:00 P.M. A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (2.56ft x 6.46ft) = 47.9839 ft² 🔺T = 92.18°F - 78.8°F = 13.38 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 47.9839 x 13.38 / 0.8 = 802.53 Btu/hr

A = 2.56ft x 6.46ft =16.5376ft² 🔺T = 92.18°F - 78.8°F = 13.38 °F R = 2.17 q = 16.5376 x 13.38 / 2.17 = 101.97 Btu.hr

TOTAL: 802.53 Btu/hr + 101.97 Btu.hr = 904.5 Btu/hr

5:00 P.M. A = 9.84 ft. x 8.85 ft. - (2.56ft x 6.46ft) = 47.9839 ft²

A = 2.56ft x 6.46ft =16.5376ft²

🔺T = 83.128°F - 77°F = 6.12 °F

Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8

R = 2.17

q = 64.5215 x 6.12 / 0.8 = 493.59 Btu/hr TOTAL: 493.59 Btu/hr + 46.64 Btu/hr =540.43 Btu/hr

q= 16.5376 x 6.12 / 2.17 = 46.64 Btu/hr

WALL 4 7:00 AM A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 81.14°F - 73.3°F = 7.84 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 7.84 / 0.8 = 1109.28 Btu/hr 12:00 P.M. A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 92.18°F - 78.8°F = 13.38 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 13.38 / 0.8 = 1893.13 Btu/hr 5:00 P.M. A = 12.79 ft. x 8.85 ft. = 113.1915 ft² 🔺T = 83.128°F - 77°F = 6.12 °F Brick wall 8” = R1 = 0.8 q = 113.1915 x 6.12 / 0.8 = 865.91 Btu/hr

Conclusion • Wall 1 has a critical heat transfer because of a window opening that doesn’t have any heat insulation installed. • The heat transfer rate is 2086.92 Btu/ hr at 12 PM. Facing the south where the sun in the strongest in the afternoon.

Assignment 2 : Task 2B Passive/ Green Insulation Product Development

• Problem Statement As the sunlight is directly shining onto the wall and window thus bringing excessive heat and discomfort. In the afternoon, the wall panel faces the south where the sun would be at its highest temperature. Because there is a sun room outside the wall, there is a lot of sunlight coming in from the roof. So the bedroom receives the most sunlight from this wall.

Solution • Regarding this issue, my suggestion is to install a rectangular panel that can block the sun, but still allows the sun to enter the room, rather than completely shielding the sun. • This product should be able to be installed and taken down easily as it is a modular and the product is lightweight. • The idea was inspired by wall hangings and car back pockets. The materials used are also cheap.

• But the main purpose of this product is to reduce heat transfer, but it can be used as a storage box, or to shield a specific part of the window that has the receives the most sunlight.

Finished product

Bamboo Fiber Wall Panel DIMENSION: 4000MM (L) X 3000（W）

• I bought this material in a lumber shop and it is not very big because it is a remnant. This material is very popular on decorative walls. It has many advantages, • 1.Green and environmental "0" formaldehyde. • 2.Fireproof and moisture-proof safety and worry-free. • 3.Heat preservation, heat insulation, self venting hole, plus its unique design, can effectively block the temperature transfer between indoor and outdoor. • 4.Impact resistance, high hardness, strong impact resistance. • 5.Long life, bamboo fiber material life can reach 20 years.

Aluminum Film Mat

• This material has a strong moisture-proof and waterproof function, and the aluminum film on the surface can reflect the heat of the sun shining in again. This material was not used to buy it, but was obtained from a place that sells electric cars, because they will not use this thing after dismantling the new electric car, so it is also regarded as waste.

Carton

• This material was found at home.. Ordinary cartons can also be pasted on them to store some things. You can change its shape as needed. Cut it into the shape of a box and fix it on the board to store some things. Stong Double-sided Glue ● -As adhesive use ● Width:3cm Thick: 2mm

Suction cup

• Suction cup to hook onto the window panel • Removable for convenience

Gift Wrapping Paper ● This material is simply packed.

Pushpin

• Used to hang some photos or write some important thing hang them.

Section of the materials (Layers) Aluminum Film Mat Bamboo Fiber Wall Panel Aluminum Film Mat Carton Suction cup on the back

How does it reduce the heat？ ● Due to the materials chosen. it is able to limit the amount of sunlight and heat transfer from the exterior when the sun is directly above the bedroom.The product is still able to let some light into the room without having excessive heat. ● This product can be used as decoration and add aesthetic values to the rooms as it is able to be customized and the light that passes throught makes the room look well lit but still prevents the heat from being to excessive.

Financial value of the disign • 50+30+10+50+10+15+15+40+30+25+30+35+15+15+25+30+15+ 15 （RM）/ 18(STUDENT) = 25.6 RM

Reflection • I think this idea is a simple and effective design, because I tried to use it in the sun to block the sun. Because many of my materials are recycled materials, and the consumption of some purchased materials is not very high, I didn't expect that the average market value would be higher than mine. But I still have some shortcomings to improve, in terms of practicality and appearance.

Soluction • In concluction, I learned a lot as i understood how heat transfers and how to calculate the values as well how to reduce the hear transfer in a room with regardiess of the restrictions. By using appropriate recycled materials, there are multiple ways and inventions that we are able to build to reduce heat transfer. • Besides having material restrictions and limited time. I was put in a position where i had to think critically and quickly to build a product. The idea of creating a product which we must present and market it was very appealing as it motivated me to think of ideas and how to presnet a way that it will be appealing which will be great in the future.

FINAL PROJECT: BUILDING SERVICES DESIGN IN KITCHEN NAME: Jia Zuxi ID: 0338336

Task 1a: Site Study and Re-design Kitchen Introduction to Site

• Site study of Original kitchen Layout

Original picture of Kitchen

Upon studying the overall layout of the kitchen (plumbing, electrical wirings and lightings, furniture layout and fire safety considerations). Changs can be made to better improve the condition and functionality of the kitchen.

An Interview with The Family Chef

• Before starting the process of redesigning the kitchen, a small interview session between my mom who uses the kitchen for most of the time in this household, and i was carried out in order to obtain a better insight of what would be a good, functional kitchen design. Below is the conversation between my mom and i. ●“How would you envision your dream kitchen be?” “i’d like a bright, clean-looking kitchen-big and spacious. also, a kitchen with an island or maybe a bar table.” ●“What do you think is importan to have in your kitchen?” “i’d want my kitchen to have enough worktops. The kitchen light is bright enough. The kitchen is fully equipped so that you can cook a lot of food.” ●“What do you think could be improved in this kitchen?” “The light switches, they are all over the place. The kitchen space is not properly used.”

Task 1b: Designing and Justification of Building Services selection & Location Kitchen Wall Changing the shape of the wall makes the kitchen look more spacious and bright. These tiles are durable, easy to clean, and will not spill stains.

K i t c h e n C a b i n e t r y, W o r k t o p s a n d B a r Ta b l e Kitchen cabinetry : Hardwood with acrylic finish Hardwood is a solid wood, making it very durable material for kitchen cabinets. It is able to resist scratching and denting better than most wood, making it suitable for the kitchen. In the previous interview my mom, she mentioned that it is important to her that her kitchen looks bright. With the gloss look of the actylic finish, the kitchen will not look dull. The acrylic finish is not only cost effective, but it can also withstand wear and tear. To add to that, it is also moisture resistant which is fitting for the ktichen. With regular wiping, it can easily be cleaned.

Worktops and bar table: Hardwood • wooden worktops are very durable. Compared to most materials. knife marks and imperfections on wooden worktops are easy to fix. At times, the wooden worktop may also serve as a makeshift chopping board.

Redesigned Electrical Layout

Electrical Outlets When studying the original kitchen electrical outlets, I found that there are very few power sockets, only one or two. Sometimes, if there are not enough sockets, you need to use an extension socket. If it is overused, it may potentially cause the circuit breaker to trip. For precautionary measures and the sake of convenience, a couple of electrical outlets are added along the kitchen worktops in as shown in the redesigned electrical plan. They are each located no further 1.5m away from each other. This prevents homeowners from stretching the cords too far, creating hazards.

Jusrification of Redesigned Building Services and Location • Wiring and Lighting

Recessed lights are the main lights used to light up the kitchen. In addition to that, there is also a pendant light hanging above the bar table to for both functionality and aesthetics purposes. Because of the location of the window in the kitchen, two lights will be placed there to save energy. This way, the window can serve as a natural light source. Hence, it would not require any additional lighting, conserving energy.

Specifications

Type of Bulb to Be Used • Recessed lights and pendant light: LED light bulbs. LEDs are energy efficient lights. They generally consume very low amount of power. One of the main hazards when it comes to lighting is the emission of heat. Because these lights use a significantly lower amount of electricity than most lights, LEDs emit almost no forward heat making it much safer compared to traditional light bulbs/ light tubes. LEDs are also known to have long life span which means it requires iess frequent replacements which leads to a lower maintenance cost. LED light bulbs

Electrical Kitchen Appliances • Oven • Specification

Bosch kitchen oven

Based on the specifications table above, the energy rating of the oven is A. Due to the frequent usage of the kitchen oven, it is better to opt for an energy efficient oven.

Microwave specifications

Fotile microwave oven

Microwaves can be much more energy efficient than a traditional full-sized oven. Microwaves can cook food and heat much faster than traditional ovens because their heat waves are concentrated on the food. Using the microwave to cook o re-heat small portions of food can save up to 80 percent of the energy used to cook or warm food in the oven/ stove.

Induction Hob Specifications

TEKA induction hob Induction hobs are significantly more efficient than gas. Induction cooking allows food to receive roughly 90 percent of the heat generated whereas gas only provides about 50 percent of heat generated this way, a kitchen using an induction hob will be much cooler than one with a stove hob. With induction hobs, the risk o burns and accidental fires are definitely less compared to stove hobs. This is because users will not be directly working with an open flame

Refrigerator SPECIFICATIONS

SAMSUNG

FAN SPECIFICATIONS

Basin Specifications

Tap

Specifications

Fire Safety • In the redesigned kitchen, most of the cabinets and workbenches are made of wood. Although wood is a poor conductor of heat, sometimes it is prone to fire hazards. This problem can be avoided by applying a layer of fire-resistant paint to the wood dealer.

Task 1c: Integted Building Services in Drawings