Talking About Mysteries

Photo from Chandra Gurung

Talking About Mysteries Editor: JLIAACEA www.youtube.com/@jliaacea Publication Date: 9 November 2023 Source of Articles: Talking About Mysteries www.facebook.com/100070144663602 The book is divided into three parts: The Space, animals, humans and the society. Be enjoy and please give comments to us.

The Index Page Preface

01

The Space

03

Animals

14

Humans and the society

33

Epilogue

47

Preface The Contents 1. Heavenly Path Hong Kong 2. Bloomy Beauty Salon 3. Medical Brothers Limited 4. Cheung Woo Fong Charitable Association 5. Coffee on the Sand 6. SinKee Charitable Association 7. Youth Moral Education Foundation Limited

We love animals and nature. We will be more harmonious with them after we know their mysteries from the book.

By Heavenly Path Hong Kong www.facebook.com/patronbyHHMG The book discovers some mysteries in humans and society. It is worth to read.

By Bloomy Beauty Salon www.facebook.com/100054228890876 Dogs are our good friends. We like the stories of dogs in the book.

By Medical Brothers Limited www.facebook.com/MedicalBrothersLimited There are numerous stars in the Space. The book discovers some mysteries of them.

By Cheung Woo Fong Charitable Association www.facebook.com/101643936323429 The book is about Space, animals, human and society. You can find out more mysteries of the World after you have read the book.

By Coffee on the Sand https://coffeeonthesand.blogspot.com The book introduces many mysteries about the animals. People will surely like the book after reading it.

By SinKee Charitable Association www.facebook.com/102873982837379 We know more about Space, animals, humans and society from the book. It is very nice.

By Youth Moral Education Foundation Limited www.facebook.com/100090316012181

A. The Space The Contents 1. An Introduction to Cancri 55E 2. The Moon in the Moon Festival 3. An Introduction to The Sun 4. How long does the Earth travel in the Space every day?

5. The largest reservoirs in the Solar System 6. The Gold Mines in the Mars 7. An Introduction to China Space Station 8. The Super Moon on 30 August 2023 9. Cruithne may become our second moon 10. A fire star appeared in Guangzhou of China 11. Cygnus X-1 and the black hole 12. The Speech of President Nixon in case the three astronauts of Apollo 11 in 1969 cannot come back from the Moon 13. An Introduction To Venus 14. The mine under South Pole - Aitken Basin in the Moon 15. Korolev Crater in the Mars 16. If you are in Uranus …

17. The landforms of the Mars 18. Lorimer and Fast Radio Burst (FRB) 19. Comet 67P and Rosetta Orbiter 20. Helium3 - the future resource for electricity

21. The Blood Moon on 8 November 2022 22. Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) 23. The landing of Artemis III on the Moon in 2025 24. Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DRAFT) of NASA

An Introduction to Cancri 55E The distance between Cancri 55E and the Earth is 40 light years.

Cancri 55E is made of diamond. Her diameter is 25 thousand and 500 km. She revolutes to her Sun in 2 days. She cannot rotate.

One of her sides is always facing her Sun. The temperature there is always over 1000 ‘c.

The Moon in the Moon Festival 29 September 2023 will be the Moon Festival. At that night, the Moon will be very bright and round. The Moon is the fifth largest satellite in the Solar System. The radius of the Moon is about 1737.1 km. One side of the Moon is always facing the Earth. In the daytime, the temperature of the Moon can be 127’c. In the nighttime, the temperature of the Moon can be -183’c. In the Moon Festival, let us face the Moon, to pray for the betterment of our beloved ones.

An Introduction to The Sun The mass of the Sun is about 200 billion tons. It is 330 thousand times larger than the Earth. The Sun possesses 99.86% of the total amount of the mass of the Solar System. It makes her 8 planets, including the Earth, revolute to her.

How long does the Earth travel in the Space every day?

Every day, the Earth travels 52 million km in the Space. Every second, the Earth travels 600 km in the Space. We can feel nothing because we are too small and the Earth is so big.

The largest reservoirs in the Solar System The fifth largest reservoir in the Solar System is the Earth. She has 1.335 ZL of liquid water. 1 ZL is equal to 10 to the 21st power of litres. The fourth largest reservoir in the Solar System is Europa.

She is the second moon of Jupiter. She has 2.6 ZL of liquid water.

The third largest reservoir in the Solar System is Callisto. She is the fourth moon of Jupiter. She has 5.3 ZL of liquid water. The second largest reservoir in the Solar System is Titan. She is the sixth moon of Saturn. She has 18.6 ZL of liquid water. The most largest reservoir in the Solar System is Ganymede. She is the third moon of Jupiter. She has the deepest and largest frozen ocean.

She has 35.4 ZL of liquid water.

The Gold Mines in the Mars The Curiosity of NASA took photos of gold mines in the Mars in August 2012. There were clear photos of much gold in the gaps of rocks in the Mars. The costs of mining and transportation of gold in the Mars to the Earth are under serious calculations.

An Introduction to China Space Station China Space Station makes a complete cycle around the Earth in 90 minutes. It flies in 7.68 km per second. An astronaut can see 15 times of sunrises and sunsets in China Space Station in 1 day.

The Super Moon on 30 August 2023 Light takes 1.255 second to travel from the Moon to the Earth. The Moon leaves the Earth by 3.8 cm everyday. The distance from the Moon to the Earth is three hundred eighty-four thousand four hundred km. On 30 August 2023, the Super Full Moon showed in the sky. Let us watch the Moon and make a wish for our beloved ones.

Cruithne may become our second moon Cruithne is an asteroid in the Solar System. We discovered her in 1986. Her diameter is 5 km. She orbits the Sun in about 365 days.

The shortest distance between Cruithne and the Earth is 12 million km. It takes place every November. 5000 years later, Cruithne may become the second moon of the Earth.

A fire star appeared in Guangzhou of China A fire star appeared in the sky of Guangzhou of China before the dawn of 12 August 2023. Suddenly, a shinny fireball appeared in the sky. Then it became a line and disappeared. When a meteorite falls into the atmosphere of the Earth from the Space, it melts.

Shiny light appears until it is totally melted.

Cygnus X-1 and the black hole The existing of black hole is first suggested by John Michell of United Kingdom in 18 century. In 1971, American scientists have recorded the absorption of Donor Star of Cygnus X-1 by a black hole. It is the first time in the history that a black hole is recorded.

The Speech of President Nixon in case the three astronauts of Apollo 11 in 1969 cannot come back from the Moon To H. R. Haldeman

From: Bill Safire July 18, 1969.

IN EVENT OF MOON DISASTER: Fate has ordained that the men who went to the moon to explore in peace will stay on the moon to rest in peace. These brave men, Neil Armstrong and Edwin Aldrin, know that there is no hope for their recovery. But they also know that there is hope for mankind in their sacrifice. These two men are laying down their lives in mankind's most noble goal: the search for truth and understanding.

They will be mourned by their families and friends; they will be mourned by their nation; they will be mourned by the people of the world; they will be mourned by a Mother Earth that dared send two of her sons into the unknown.

In their exploration, they stirred the people of the world to feel as one; in their sacrifice, they bind more tightly the brotherhood of man. In ancient days, men looked at stars and saw their heroes in the constellations. In modern times, we do much the same, but our heroes are epic men of flesh and blood. Others will follow, and surely find their way home. Man's search will not be denied. But these men were the first, and they will remain the foremost in our hearts.

For every human being who looks up at the moon in the nights to come will know that there is some corner of another world that is forever mankind.

PRIOR TO THE PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT:

The President should telephone each of the widows-to-be.

AFTER THE PRESIDENT'S STATEMENT, AT THE POINT WHEN NASA ENDS COMMUNICATIONS WITH THE MEN: A clergyman should adopt the same procedure as a burial at sea, commending their souls to "the deepest of the deep, " concluding with the Lord’s Prayer.

An Introduction To Venus Venus is the Hell of our Solar System. It is the hottest planet of our Solar system. The atmosphere of Venus is full of carbon dioxide.

The temperature of the surface of Venus is 460’c. Venus has no oxygen.

The mine under South Pole - Aitken Basin in the Moon In 2021, the Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter of NASA investigated the South Pole - Aitken Basin in the Moon. Finally, NASA has discovered a metal mine under 300 km of the basin. The total area of the mine is 5 Hawaii Islands.

Korolev Crater in the Mars It is located in the North Pole of the Mars. Its diameter is 81 km.

The depth of the ice layer in the crater is 1.8 km. Lake Baikal is the deepest lake in the Earth and it is 1.6 km deep. Korolev Crater may contain 2200 cubic km of water.

If you are in Uranus …

Uranus is the seventh planet from the Sun. It is 2.9 billion km away

from the Sun. We need 9.5 years to travel from the Earth to Uranus. It is an ice giant. It is 4 times wider than the Earth. It is orbited by 27 known moons and 13 rings. It is rotating east to west and tipped on its side. There is no surface in Uranus. Its atmosphere is made by helium, hydrogen and methane. It is full of bad smells. In some areas in Uranus, the temperature is as low as -225’c.

The landforms of the Mars The Northern Hemisphere (NH) and the Southern Hemisphere (SH) of the Mars are not balanced. NH is much lower and SH is much higher. NH covers 1/3 of the surface of the Mars. The average thickness of the crust of NH is 32km. The average thickness of the crust of SH is 58km. The interchanges of NH and SH are very steep cliffs.

Lorimer and Fast Radio Burst (FRB) Duncan Lorimer is a Professor of Physics and Astronomy. He is from USA. In 2007, he studied the data of 2001 from CSIROParkes Observatory of Australia, with his students. He discovered a set of strange radio wave. The source of the radio wave is 1.6 billion light years away from the Earth. The radio wave only appeared once. Up to now, we do not know where the radio wave come from. That kind of radio wave is named Fast Radio Burst.

Comet 67P and Rosetta Orbiter Comet 67P is 4.6 billion years old. European Space Agency sent Rosetta Orbiter to visit Comet 67P in 2004. On 6 August 2014, Rosetta met Comet 67P. On 12 November 2014, Rosetta sent Philae Lander to the surface of Comet 67P. Philae Lander worked for 3 days. It discovered oxygen and water which have been sealed in Comet 67P for 4.6 billion years. In September 2016, Rosetta Orbiter finished its mission and crashed to the surface of Comet 67P.

Helium3 - the future resource for electricity Helium3 has 2 protons and 1 neutron. Helium3 is the main resource for nuclear fusion. Nuclear fusion is a pollution-free mean to generate electricity. There are 1 million tons of helium3 within the soils in the Moon. If all the helium3 within the soils in the Moon are using to generate electricity, it can provide 10000 years in the Earth. USA will build a base in the Moon in 2024, is it because of helium3?

The Blood Moon on 8 November 2022 A total lunar eclipse took place on 8 November 2022, and the Blood Moon appeared. The Blood Moon appears because only red light from the Moon can arrive the umbra of the Earth, via the atmosphere. The Blood Moon is related to the Judgement Day, according to the Book of Joel and the Revelation in the Bible. The Judgement Day is not a day. It is a process. Some people think that between 2023 to 2025, the sixth seal in the Revelation will be released. The Judgement Day will be nearer and nearer.

Panoramic Survey Telescope and Rapid Response System (Pan-STARRS) Pan-STARRS is operated by Haleakala Observatory of Hawaii.

Pan-STARRS has operated since 6 December 2008. It is operated by 4 huge telescopes. Every night, they look at the whole sky.

They are finding dark small solar system bodies which may crash into the Earth. Pan-STARRS has found a suspected UFO Oumuamua, on 18 October 2017.

The landing of Artemis III on the Moon in 2025 Artemis III of NASA of USA will land on the Moon with a lady astronaut in 2025. On 19 August 2022, NASA has announced 13 possible landing points of Artemis III in 2025. They are all near the South Pole of the Moon. Scientists have great interests about the South Pole of the Moon because it is always hiding in the dark.

Double Asteroid Redirection Test (DRAFT) of NASA On 27 September 2022, a spacecraft of DARFT hits Dimorphos.

The spacecraft is 600 kg. Dimorphos is an asteroid. Its weight is 5 billions kg. Its diameter is 160 m. It revolves around Didymas, which is also an asteroid. NASA wants to know whatever the hit can change the orbit of Dimorphos or not. It is a protective test to deal with an asteroid which will be approaching the Earth with danger.

B. Animals The Contents 1. An Introduction to Carnian Flood Accumulation Event 2. An Introduction to Green Phoenix Butterflies 3. An Introduction to Yamato Satyrid 4. Ailing Elephant Returns Home For Medical Checking 5. South Africa takes aerial route to fight rhino poaching 6. A Bryde’s whale appeared in the sea outside Sai Kung of Hong Kong 7. An Introduction to Raccoon 8. The tongue of woodpecker 9. An Introduction to Catfish 10. Swifts - They can stay in the sky for 10 months 11. An Introduction to Grapsus Grapsus 12. An Introduction to hooded pitohui 13. An Introduction To Panda 14. An Introduction to Macaca Fuscata 15. An Introduction to a Seal 16. An Introduction to Indian Porcupine 17. An Introduction to African Buffalo 18. An Introduction to Komodo Dragons 19. Tods - the red foxes 20. Felis Margarita - The Desert Cat

21. An introduction to Fish Cat 22. Wolves and dogs 23. Cephalopoda and Solenogastres 24. Polyplacophora and Scaphopoda 25. Beauty of Sea shells 26. Ducks have active Adam DNA - BMP4 27. An introduction to pelicans 28. An introduction to California sea hare 29. Dinosaurs and birds 30. Shellfish in Coral Reefs 31. Shellfish in the Subtidal Zone 32. Shellfish in Coastal Wetlands 33. Shellfish on the Rocky Coast 34. Rulers of the Mesozoic - Reptiles that Dominated the Land, Sea and Sky 35. After 5 Extinctions - Earth Today 36. Cetacean: Mammals Returning to the Water 37. Trilobites: Butterflies of the Ocean in the Paleozoic 38. Elephants: Modern Kings on Land 39. Fossils of Taiwan Island 40. Marimo - the jewel of Lake Akan 41. Jaguars - they can dive for 5 minutes 42. Flamingo - it does not eat fish

43. An introduction to pelicans 44. Penguins in the world 45. Lama - the relative of camel 46. Falcon and people in Qatar 47. Donkey - It has lived together with human for 6000 years 48. Murder Hornets - the most dangerous hornets in the world 49. Flowering plants and insects 50. Lamprey - the vampire fish 51. Different kinds of chicken 52. Upupa Epops - the love bird between King Solomon and Queen of Sheba 53. Houyhnhnm and Yahoos 54. Axolotl - the dinosaur with six horns 55. Chrysina Limbata 56. Giant African Land Snails - the biggest snails in the world 57. The funerals of crows 58. The crow - the most beautiful bird in the world hundreds of thousand years ago 59. Alaska Snow Crabs 60. Marine Iguana - Godzilla’s brother

An Introduction to Carnian Flood Accumulation Event 233 million years ago, heavy rain fell onto the Earth for more than 1 million years. Lava came out from volcanoes. Most of the animals and plants on the earth and in the sea were killed. After the rain stopped, dinosaurs became the overlords of the Earth.

An Introduction to Green Phoenix Butterflies They are living in Guangdong, Hong Kong, Vietnam, India, Thailand, Sikkim and Malaysia. When an adult extends its wings fully, it can be 70 to 85 mm long. We can see them between February to November every year.

An Introduction to Yamato Satyrid Yamato Satyrid is living in southern China, Southeast Asia and Oceania. It is brown. It’s babies eat the leaves of sugarcane and rice. When it extends its wing fully, it can be 5 to 6 cm long.

Ailing Elephant Returns Home for Medical Checking According to the China Daily on 4 July 2023, an ailing male elephant that Thailand had presented to Sri Lanka more than two decades ago, returned home for medical checking on 2 July 2023.

The elephant was flown directly from Colombo to Chiangmai. 6 persons accompanied the elephant on the flight, which took 6 hours.

South Africa takes aerial route to fight rhino poaching According to 4 July of China Daily, South Africa’s national parks have put in place various measures to combat rhinos poaching which threatens the existence of the endangered animal. South Africa is home to the largest rhino population in the world, accounting for 80% of the world’s total. A total of 448 rhinos were killed in South Africa for their horns in 2022, against 451 in 2021.

A Bryde’s whale appeared in the sea outside Sai Kung of Hong Kong On 13 July 2023, a Bryde’s whale appeared in the sea outside Sai Kung of Hong Kong. Bryde’s whale is a social animal, living in group. Maybe it is lost with its family members.

An Introduction to Raccoon There is a piece of black hair surrounding the 2 eyes of a raccoon.

It seems to be wearing a blindfold. Its tail is short and thick. Its tail has 5-6 dark black rings. Its 10 fingers are long and thin. It has no thumb. It eats frogs, small crabs, shells, snails, crayfish, worms, fruits, corns and rice.

The tongue of woodpecker The tongue of woodpecker grows in the back of nostril. It goes through the right nostril and twines to the skull. At the back of its head, it divides into two, go through the occiput and eyes respectively. Then, they merge into one again in the bottom of the beak and lend out from the mouth. The total length of the tongue can be 12 cm.

An Introduction to Catfish Catfish lives in freshwater. It has not scale. Its skins can breathe. It cannot see well. It uses its beards to feel food nearby. It eats other fish and their eggs. It can come out from the river to attack birds which are drinking water.

Swifts - They can stay in the sky for 10 months Every year, before winter comes to Beijing, some swifts fly from Beijing to South Africa. Before winter comes to South Africa, they fly from South Africa to Beijing again. Swifts can eat, drink, sleep and mate in the sky. They can stay in the sky for 10 months, without landing.

An Introduction to Grapsus Grapsus A baby Grapsus Grapsus is black. When it becomes an adult, it turns itself into shiny red. It is living in rocky coastal areas in the Tropics. It can jump and move fast forward and backward horizontally. It eats seaweed and dead bodies of animals. It is cannibalistic. Moray eel and octopus love to eat it.

An Introduction to hooded pitohui Hooded pitohui is living in New Guinea. It is poisonous. It was found in 1992 by an American expert team. Its poison is concentrated in its skins and feathers. When a person touches its poison, he will die in some hours.

An Introduction to Panda Pandas love climbing trees. When they fall down, they use their back to reach the ground. They will not be hurt. Every day, pandas use 13 hours to eat bamboo. Their bite force quotient is 1200 newton. Their running speed can be 40 km per hour.

An Introduction to Macaca Fuscata In 1963, macaca fuscatas learned soaking in hot springs from humans. Female and baby macaca fuscatas love it so much.

Soaking in hot springs can help them to reduce pressure. They can live in Hokkaido of Japan in winter when the temperature is 20’c.

An Introduction to a Seal A seal can swim in 40.2 km. The length of a seal can be 3.05 m.

The weight of a seal can be 453.6 kg. A seal is aggressive. It loves to eat penguins.

An Introduction to Indian Porcupine There are hard and long thorns in the back and tail of an Indian porcupine. It is very difficult to take out completely if a thorn has stabbed into the skin of an animal, especially its face. Many stabbed animals are dead because of malignant infection or parasite.

An Introduction to African Buffalo When an African Buffalo attacks, it kills. It is called the Black God of Death. It is 1.8 m tall. Its weight is 1.5 tons. When you make it angry, it will crash you with a speed of 56 km per hour.

Sometimes, it attacks moving cars.

An Introduction to Komodo Dragons Komodo Dragons are living in Lessers Sunda Islands. They are ferocious and cannibalistic. They attack people. There are 3000 Komodo Dragons in wild. They are 2-3 m long. Their weights are 68-91 kg. Their speeds can be between 20 to 40 km per hour.

They can climb trees and dive.

Tods - the red foxes There are 12 kinds of foxes in the world. We can meet tods everywhere in the world. Tods eat rats, hares, birds and insects.

Tods are clever. They know how to eat hedgehogs. Their ears can move independently with 150 degrees. They can run in 50 km per hour.

Felis Margarita - The Desert Cat They are living in the deserts in North Africa, Arabia Peninsular and Middle Asia. Their sizes are similar to house cats. They eat rats and snakes in the deserts. In 1858, a group of French soldiers discovered the first desert cat in Sahara Desert.

An introduction to Fish Cat Fish cats are living in mangroves, swamps and wetlands in India, Bangladesh, Thailand and Indonesia. They can swim. They catch and eat fish. Their bodies can be 80 cm long. Their weight can be 15 kg.

Wolves and dogs Between 30 thousand to 40 thousand years ago, some wolves followed human beings. Human beings fed them with meat. When beasts were nearby, the wolves howled to warn human beings.

Finally, these wolves became dogs. Up to now, there are 200 thousand wolves and 700 million dogs in the world.

Cephalopoda and Solenogastres Cephalopoda For Coleoidea, the shell internalises or disappears, such as octopus, squid, etc; Nautiloidea still has shell.

Solenogastres There is only one record species in Taiwan so far, Epimenia Babai which was discovered in Keelung in 2017.

Polyplacophora and Scaphopoda Chiton is the representative species of Polyplacophora, with 8 shell plates on the back arranged like shingles, inhabiting the rock coast. The outer shell of Scaphopoda is slightly curved or ivory, and the foot is used to dig into the sand for moving. It is represented by tusk shell.

Beauty of Sea shells Most molluscs have shells, such as shellfish, spiral shells, snails, etc. They are widely distributed, and the marine species have the largest number. The existing molluscs in taxonomy include 8 classes. Gastropoda It has the largest number of species. The shells are mostly spiral, as in the case of shellfish, spiral shells, snails, etc. Bivalvia There are edible clams, Asian clams, oysters, Jackknife Clam, etc.

Ducks have active Adam DNA - BMP4 Ducks have 578 degrees of vision. They can see things in their back without turning their heads. Ducks can fly and dive. People feed ducks which are coming from wild ducks and mallard ducks.

An introduction to pelicans Pelicans have lived in the world since 360 thousand years ago.

Pelicans live in the whole world except Antarctica. The heaviest pelican is 15 kg. When a pelican opens its wings completely, it will be 3m long. When a pelican opens its mouth completely, its size will be 3 times of its stomach. Pelicans eats fish and small birds.

An introduction to California sea hare It is a kind of mollusk. It has no backbone and shell. It has 2 pairs of antennas. The pair of antennas in the top of its head use to smell for food. The pair of antennas in the front of its head use to touch and taste for eating. It is hermaphrodite. Its gill is in its back.

It eats red algae. The largest sea hare is 75cm long and its weight is 7kg.

Dinosaurs and birds Dinosaurs appeared in the Middle Triassic with their three-toed hind limbs and hollow bones. A group of dinosaurs, which was the ancestors of modern birds, evolved in Middle Jurassic and survived the K-Pg extinction event in 66 million years ago. What we know so far is that many traits or behaviors, such as flight, feathers, brooding, etc., that were thought to be unique to birds in the past were actually present in many dinosaur groups.

Shellfish in Coral Reefs In the tropics and subtropics, coral reefs are formed in shallow seas where sunshine is ample, and water is clear. Coral reefs are accumulated from coral skeletons over years. Some shellfish adhere tightly to coral reefs with byssus and shell patterns.

Shellfish in the Subtidal Zone The subtidal zone is the extension of land to the ocean, below the low tide line, where light is sufficient. There are large algae and phytoplankton for algae-eating and filter-feeding shellfish. The carnivorous shellfish feed on crustaceans or dead fish. The shellfish in this habitat are generally larger in size, such as India Volute and Tun Shell Snails.

Shellfish in Coastal Wetlands Wetlands are formed by the accumulation of sand and rock debris, which are greatly affected by tides. It is easy to dig holes and dive into the soft sand, and there are a large number of shellfish and crustaceans inhabiting.

Shellfish on the Rocky Coast The rocky coast is mainly composed of rocks. It belongs to the intertidal zone, so the organisms that inhabit it must be able to endure severe environmental changes such as dryness, heat, or gushing waves. The seaweed in this area provides sufficient food for the algae-eating snails, Chiton, Sea Hare, etc. The filter feeders, such as oysters, Quahog, Barnacle, Ascidians, etc., feed on plankton and organic debris.

Rulers of the Mesozoic - Reptiles that Dominated the Land, Sea and Sky After the End-Triassic Extinction, dinosaurs became the most dominant creatures on the lands of the Mesozoic. Pterosaurs were the first vertebrates soaring in the sky. Also, some reptiles returned to the water. These reptiles became the rulers of land, sea and sky in the Mesozoic.

After 5 Extinctions - Earth Today To this point, the climate anomalies caused by tremendous amounts of greenhouse gas and pollution arising out of human activities have changed the ecology of the Earth, engulfing many species into a crisis of extinction. In different places in the world, there are many creatures facing challenges of survival because of human development or consumption. It is hoped that we can introspect on impacts upon the environment brought by human beings as well as our relationship with nature.

Cetacean: Mammals Returning to the Water About 50 million years ago, the oldest known cetacean Pakicetus emerged. With the changes in the environment of the Earth, they gradually moved towards the ocean for survival and eventually evolved into Cetaceans - whales and dolphins that we know today.

Trilobites: Butterflies of the Ocean in the Paleozoic Trilobites were the most representative arthropods in the Paleozoic. There is a special groove in the middle that divides their body into 3 vertical lobes, hence the name. They emerged in early Cambrian and went into total extinction by the end of Permian.

During nearly 300 million years, the diversity of the species reached its peak in late Cambrian, just like butterflies swimming in the ancient ocean.

Elephants: Modern Kings on Land Elephants are the biggest land mammals today. In the past, there used to be various kinds of elephants, such as Platybelodon, Stegodon, and Mammuthus, but now there are only 2 existing today: Asian elephants (Indian elephants) and African elephants.

Fossils of Taiwan Island During the Quaternary Glaciation, the sea level in Taiwan Strait greatly reduced and became the bridge between Mainland and Taiwan Island, allowing many land animals to move to the island.

Many land vertebrates in the late Pleistocene were preserved in the area of Penghu Waterway, including straight-tusked elephants, Père David’s deer, spotted hyenas and boars.

Marimo - the jewel of Lake Akan Marimo, a green alga in fresh-water or brackish-water, is distributed in lakes of the northern hemisphere, and has the feature which develops into a spherical aggregation in Lake Akan, eastern Hokkaido, Japan, has the largest community of spherical Marimo in the world, which is called ‘the jewel of lake’.

Jaguars - they can dive for 5 minutes Jaguars are the relatives of mouses and porcupines. 40 million years ago, porcupines visited South America from Africa.

Eventually, they became jaguars. A jaguar has a cylindrical body, square head, 4 small legs and with no tail. It eats grass. When it is attacked, it will run into the water. It can dive for 5 minutes. Jaguar mates only in the water. An adult jaguar can be 1m long and its weight can be 50kg.

Flamingo - it does not eat fish Flamingo is red, with 2 long legs and a long neck. When it sleeps, it stands with 1 leg. It does not eat fish. It eats spirulina and artemia. It can eat 60g of spirulina every day. There are 6 kinds of flamingos in the world. Since 30 million years ago, flamingos have appeared in the world.

An introduction to pelicans Pelicans have lived in the world since 360 thousand years ago.

Pelicans live in the whole world except Antarctica. The heaviest pelican is 15 kg. When a pelican opens its wings completely, it will be 3m long. When a pelican opens its mouth completely, its size will be 3 times of its stomach. Pelicans eats fish and small birds.

Penguins in the world There are more than 18 kinds of penguins in the world. Only 2 kinds of them live in Antarctica. They are emperor penguin and Adélie penguin. There are penguins in Australia, New Zealand, Chile and South Africa. There are also penguins in Galápagos Islands, which are located near the equator.

Lama - the relative of camel Lama’s body looks like sheep. Its neck is long and looks like a horse. Its head is small and its legs are short. Its facial display and walking style are cute. Between 4000000 to 5000000 years ago, a group of North America camels went to Asia and Europe via Bering Strait. Another group of North America camels went to South America via Isthmus of Panama. The camels in North America were extinct. Lama and her relatives, Llama, were the only two kinds of livestock for the Incas people before the arrival of the Spanish invaders.

Falcon and people in Qatar People in Qatar love taking falcons to be their pets. Falcons can fly very fast and land precisely. If a falcon has seriously feather loss problem, it will give negative impacts for its flying speed and landing accuracy. In Qatar, there are clinics special for falcons. In the clinics, there are feather transplant services for falcons.

Donkey - It has lived together with human for 6000 years Equas Africanus is the ancestor of donkey. Donkey has lived together with human for 6000 years. Nowadays, there are 180 kinds of donkeys. Donkey eats tree skins, leaves and grass. Each donkey has territory, which can be up to 10 to 20 km. The voice of a donkey is very loud, in order to communicate with donkeys far away. The ears of a donkey are very big, in order to cool its body and listen to the voices of donkeys far away.

Murder Hornets - the most dangerous hornets in the world If a murder hornet bites you 5 times, you will die. Murder hornets love black color, cooking smell and meat. Murder hornets turn meat into small meat balls, bring them to home and give them to their babies. After eating the meat, the babies will produce liquid for murder hornets to drinking. When a murder hornet needles you, you will get an anaphylactic shock. Finally, you will get kidney failure and die.

Flowering plants and insects The earliest flowering plant appeared in Cretaceous. Cretaceous is lasted from about 145 to 66 million years ago, at around 79 million years. Montsechiavidalii is the earliest kind of flowering plant. Up to now, flowers are everywhere in the Earth. When flowering plants appear in the world, insects also appear. The earliest bee appeared in Cretaceous also.

Lamprey - the vampire fish Lampreys have lived since 4 hundred million years ago. There are 38 kinds of lampreys in the present world. They have circular mouths, with many teeth and without jaw. They have seven gills behind their eyes. They bite other kinds of fish and drink their blood and body fluids. Luckily, they do not like human blood.

Different kinds of chicken There are 33 billion of chicken in the world in the same time. Every year, humans eat 65 billion of chicken. Some chicken can play piano, guitar and play music in band. Chicken can fight against eagle, snake, cat and cow. The ancestors of chicken were living in Asia. 8000 years ago, chicken began to live with humans. Brahma chicken is the largest chicken in the world. It is 1.2m tall. Its weight is 8kg. Serama chicken is the smallest chicken in the world. It is living in Malaysia. Its weight is 250g. Japanese long tai chicken has the longest tail in the world. Its tail is 1 to 3 m long. The longest tail is 10m. Vietnam Dong Tao chicken has the largest chicken feet in the world. Its feet is as big as a human palm.

Upupa Epops - the love bird between King Solomon and Queen of Sheba Upupa has become the national bird of Israel since 29 May 2008.

It is also the county bird of Kinmen of Taiwan. It is the love bird and messenger between King Solomon and Queen of Sheba.

Houyhnhnm and Yahoos According to an Irish writer, Jonathan Swift, in 18th Century, Houyhnhnm was located between Australia and Antarctica. It was ruled by clever horses. Yahoos were the salves in the country.

They were rebellious. In March 1994, Jerry’s Guides to the World Wide Web changes the name into Yahoo, to show the rebellious characters of the company.

Axolotl - the dinosaur with six horns It has six horns on the head. It lives in the water. It is oriented in Mexico. Its organs（including brain) and limbs can be regenerated. It has a born smiling cute face. In the wilderness of the whole world, there are 1000 axolotls. Humans have artificially propagated more than 1 million axolotls.

Chrysina Limbata They are sliver beetles. They have shiny a sliver shell. This protects other animals to eat them. However, this attracts humans to catch them for sell. When humans occupy their habitats and catch them for sell, the population of chrysina limbata decreases rapidly.

Giant African Land Snails - the biggest snails in the world They were from Eastern Africa, including Tanzania and Kenya.

Nowadays, we can see them in all tropical and subtropical areas.

They can eat 500 kinds of plants. They can live from 3 to 5 years.

We have founded a giant African land snail which is 9 years old.

The largest giant African land snail can be 20 cm long. Some people love eating giant African land snails. Some people use their slime to make skin care products.

The funerals of crows The independent problem-solving ability of a crow is higher than the ability of a dog and a kid. That ability let a crow use, make and invent tools. A crow can keep 3 years memories. When a crow is dead, other crows will cry and put branches on the body of the dead crow.

The crow - the most beautiful bird in the world hundreds of thousand years ago Hundreds of thousand years ago, the crow was wise, had beautiful feathers and could sing nicely. One day, God created ‘coldness’.

Animals in the world could not stand for it. They asked the crow to talk to God to destroy ‘coldness’. The crow flew to the Heaven and sang to God. The crow asked God to destroy ‘coldness’.

God could not destroy what he had created. He gave the crow some fire to help animals to keep warm in cold days. However, the way to go back to the world was too long. The fire has burnt the crow and turned the crow’s feathers into black color. The fire made the voice and muscles of the crow become no good. The crow was sad.

God comforts the crow, ‘Later, when humans come to the world, you will be free from them because they will dislike your voice, your feathers and muscles. They will not kill you for your meat or keep you in a cage.’

Alaska Snow Crabs In 2018, there were 8 billion snow crabs in Bering Sea. In 2021, there were 1 billion snow crabs in Bering Sea. Each snow crab has 10 legs (8 legs and 2 claws). Snow crabs have thick and long legs.

They like cold water. In eastern Canada, snow crabs can be found also. They like to eat dead bodies of whales and sharks, shells, shrimps, crabs, worms and sea snake tails. When there is no food, they will eat each other.

Marine Iguana - Godzilla’s brother Marine Iguana looks like Godzilla. It has thick legs and a big tail.

Its body can be as long as 1m. There are dorsal spines in its back side, from the neck to the tail. Marine Iguanas are living in groups in Galápagos Islands. In one group, there are more than 1000 marine iquanas. They stand still in most of the time. Lava lizards and crabs will climb up to their bodies, to eat the parasites on their skins. They climb on land slowly. They swim fast in the water.

According to DNA research, they are from the tropical rainforests in Central and South America. They use their noses to filter the sea water from the sea. The salt of the sea water will be stored in their noses. They will spray the salt from their noses, when there is too much salts in the nose. They eat green and blue seaweed.

They do not eat brown seaweed.

C. Humans and society The Contents 1. The ranking of the richest cities in the World 2023 2. The countries which have largest populations 3. The countries which have sent the largest numbers of astronauts to visit the Space 4. The GDP of Guangdong Province of China in 2022 5. An Introduction to Dinghu Mountain 6. The Life Expectancy Of People In Hong Kong 7. Jupiter in October in Zhaoqing 8. New born babies always clench their fists tightly 9. The countries which have the largest numbers of hospitals in the world 10. The fortune of the Earth until 14 October 2023 11. Cryptocurrency is in cold winter 12. The Object in Western Australia 13. The Girl Mummy in Peru 14. Scientists make cancer cells ‘commit suicide’ 15. An Introduction to Falkland Islands 16. An Introduction to Ethiopia 17. An Introduction to Jordan 18. An Introduction to Tuvalu 19. We need food, not tobacco

20. Introduction to Senusret II 21. The Iron Pillar of Delhi 22. An Introduction to Cantonese Dim Sum 23. Ryuichi Sakamoto died at age 71 24. Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship – Vocal 25. Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship - Instrumental 26. Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship - Physical 27. Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship - Situational 28. An Introduction to Basin Meal 29. Historical and Architectural Traces of the roof in villages in southern China 30. The ninth son of Dragon - Greed 31. Ghost Ranch in New Mexico of USA 32. Matteo Ricci and China 33. Galluro - the magic bird in India 34. Murray and Minor 35. The 5 pyramids in Bosnia

The ranking of the richest cities in the World 2023 According to the report, Hong Kong is the 33th richest city in the world. Hong Kong has got GDP of 368 billion 300 million US dollars in 2022. Guangzhou is the 30th richest city in the world.

Guangzhou has got GDP of 397 billion 900 million US dollars in 2022. Taipei is the 27th richest city in the world. Taipei has got GDP of 407 billion and 800 million US dollars in 2022. New York is the most richest city in the World. New York has got GDP of 2 trillion and 420 billion US dollars in 2022.

The countries which have largest populations Up to 30 September 2023, the country which has the fifth largest population is Pakistan, which has 228 million people. The country which has the fourth largest population is Indonesia, which has 276 million people. The country which has the third largest population is USA, which has 330 million people. The country which has the second largest population is China, which has 1 billion 412 million people. The country which has the largest population is India, which has 1 billion 417 million people.

The countries which have sent the largest numbers of astronauts to visit the Space Up to 30 September 2023, Japan has sent 14 astronauts to visit the Space. China has sent 18 astronauts to visit the Space.

Russia, including USSR, has sent 60 astronauts to visit the Space.

USA has sent 360 astronauts to visit the Space.

The GDP of Guangdong Province of China in 2022 Guangdong Province is the champion in the GDP among all the provinces in China in 2022. She has got 1 trillion and 920 billion US dollars of GDP. In 2022, South Korea has got 1 trillion and 670 billion US dollars of GDP.

An Introduction to Dinghu Mountain Dinghu Mountain is one of the ‘four famous mountains in Lingnan’, together with Danxia Mountain, Luofu Mountain and Xiqiao Mountain. Dinghu Mountain is located in the northeast of Zhaoqing city, facing Xijiang River to its south. It is belonged to the south subtropical region. The general characteristics of the terrain are: higher at northwest, lower at southeast, mostly low hilly terrain, partially medium mountain terrain. The mountain ranges are undulating with deep valleys and steep slopes, and the mountains are high and straight. The highest peak is located in Jilong Mountain. It is 1000.3 meters above the sea level.

The Life Expectancy of People In Hong Kong According to the statistics in 2023, the life expectancy of men in Hong Kong is 83.2 years old. The life expectancy of women in Hong Kong is 87.9 years old. Hong Kong people enjoy the longest life expectancy in the world because of the advanced medical technology of the city.

Jupiter in October in Zhaoqing When you are in Zhaoqing of Guangdong of China in October, you can see a bright star in the sky of 39’ of northeast at 9 pm. It is Jupiter, the largest planet in the Solar System.

New born babies always clench their fists tightly New born babies always clench their fists tightly. It is their nature conservation mechanisms. We should not try to untie their fists.

New born babies’s bones are weak. It is easy to get hurt. After 4 months, they will not always clench their fists tightly.

The countries which have the largest numbers of hospitals in the world According to the statistics in 2023, China has 36570 hospitals. It is in the third place of the world. Nigeria has 39914 hospitals. It is in the second place of the world. India has 69000 hospitals. It is the champion of the world.

The fortune of the Earth until 14 October 2023 This article is not in the base of science. It is only for your reference. According to Western Astrology, the Earth will be influenced by Uranus, Neptune and Pluto until 14 October 2023.

Uranus represents instability and radical thinking. Protests and demonstrations worldwide may continue and upgrade until 14 October 2023. Neptune represents confusion, cheating, hiding and lying. Cases of internet fraud and financial cheating will be more and more serious until 14 October 2023. Neptune also represents flooding. Look, up to 4000 persons have been killed and 9000

persons have been lost in the flooding in Libya of Africa.

Pluto represents destruction. The Earth will be partly destroyed by natural disasters and man-made disasters until 14 October 2023.

The counterattack of the Ukrainian soldiers against the Russian army have started in southern Ukraine, including Crimea.

Destruction follows. Because of the influence of Uranus, Neptune and Pluto, inflation worldwide will surely rise. We should keep savings to deal with the extra expenses which will cause in the future because of the inflation.

Cryptocurrency is in cold winter In these few days of September 2023, more than 1000 persons report a cryptocurrency fraud case to the police in Hong Kong. The total amount is about 1 billion Hong Kong dollars. Recently, Forbes predicts that if the value of the cryptocurrency, BNB, drops below 200 US dollars, the issuer, Binance, will be in the risk of bankruptcy.Silvergate Bank is a bank registered in California of USA. In 2023, the bank is in bankruptcy. The bank has operated cryptocurrency exchange services since 2016.Up to September 2023, speculation of cryptocurrency is not wise. Beside Bitcon and Ethereum, do not touch other unknown cryptocurrencies. Please do not join the investments that you do not know, even the agents tell you that you can earn much.

The Object in Western Australia An object was found on a beach near Jurein Bay in Western Australia on 16 July 2023. The Australian Space Agency concluded the object that it is mostly likely debris from an expended third-stage of a Polar Satellite Launch Vehicle from India.

The Girl Mummy in Peru In 1995, a girl mummy was found in the Andes in Peru. It was made 500 years ago. The girl was dead because of sacrifice. It is put in a transparent glass box with -20’c in the Museum of Andean Sanctuaries in Peru.

Scientists make cancer cells ‘commit suicide’ According to the China Daily on 4 July 2023, Israeli researchers have developed a method that makes cancer cells produced their own toxins, killing them with a success rate of up to 60%.

An Introduction to Falkland Islands Falkland Islands are lying in south Atlantic Ocean near Argentina.

Falkland Islands contain 778 islands, with total area of 12200 square kilometres. There are 3000 people in the Islands. They are 1.5 million penguins in the Islands. The IQ of a penguin is equal to a 3 years old child.

An Introduction to Ethiopia Ethiopia is located in Africa. She is 3 thousand years old.

Everyday, Ethiopia has 12 hours. Every year, Ethiopia has 13 months. We are now in 2023. Ethiopia is now in 2016. In 1984, serious famine was broken out in the country. At least 5 hundred thousand people were dead. Now, she is one of the fastest developing country in Africa.

An Introduction to Jordan Jordan is a country in the Middle East. There is no oil deposit in the country. She is in lack of water. The size of the Dead Sea has reduced 30%. Jordan is ruled by the King. More than 90% of the people in Jordan are Muslims.

An Introduction to Tuvalu Tuvalu contains rabbinic shape nine carol islands lying in South Pacific Ocean. She is the fourth smallest countries in the world. 3 planes visit Tuvalu airport once a week. People can play football, volleyball, cycling, jogging in the airport. She has the smallest prison in the world. Up to 2021, there 11 prisoners. There are 12000 people living in Tuvalu.

We need food, not tobacco 31 May 2023 is the World Smoke Free Day. According to the World Health Organization, there may be food shortage in the future. We ask the farmers in the world to turn the tobacco farms to crop farms to produce more food to the world.

Introduction to Senusret II Senusret II was the fourth Pharaoh of the Twelfth Dynasty of Egypt. He is famous for his water conservancy project. In his tomb, the mummy of his advisor is found. Oh! It looks like an ET! What do you think?

The Iron Pillar of Delhi The iron pillar was made 1500 years ago in India. Its height is 7.21 m. Its diameter is 41 cm. Its weight is more than 6 tonnes. It never gets rusty.

An Introduction to Cantonese Dim Sum Cantonese dim sum has a very broad range of flavors, textures, cooking styles, and ingredients. It can be classified into regular items, seasonal offerings, weekly specials, banquet dishes, holiday dishes, house signature dishes, travel-friendly items, as well as breakfast or lunch foods and late-night snacks.

Ryuichi Sakamoto died at age 71 World - famous musician and composer Ryuichi Sakamoto died on March 28 2023 at age 71 after battling cancer. Sakamoto first become popular as a member of techno-pop trio Yellow Magic Orchestra. He wrote music for many movies, including ‘The Last Emperor’ in 1987, which won him an Oscar. Last December, he streamed a piano concert, saying, ‘It may be my last.’With his interests in environmental and peace issues, he had been actively involved in the anti-nuclear power movement and in supporting children affected by the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake.

Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship – Vocal At the beginning of the day, all sounds emerge slowly with the chirping of birds, the whispering of voices and the reciting of reading. Voice is a bridge of communication. In traditional festivals, different activities are expressed through verbal communication.

Tone and phonology are the basic elements of expressing ethnic activities to the world.

Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship Instrumental As a Chinese saying goes, good tools are a prerequisite to the success of a job. Accompanied by the melodious clanging of tools and the sound of carving, the spirit of the craftsman is reflected in the details of the work. The trajectory of predecessors’ work continually comes to mind and is repetitively reproduced by our hands.

Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship - Physical In Chinese culture, the concept of ‘entertaining both deities and mortals’ at festivals results in different performances. For example, performers sway their bodies like auspicious animals in a calm, moving manner and complete a series of tumbling and jumping movements with ease. Opera combines drama, singing and dance.

Descendants are able to experience the body rhythms of their predecessors through continuous practice, as if they were preforming and moving together through time and space.

Chinese Festivals and Traditional Craftsmanship - Situational ‘Situational’ refers to occasion and sight. On the occasion of the festival, the elements of intangible cultural heritage were shown in the traditional ceremonies and the festive and colourful ambience.

The scene with a hubbub of voices immerses people into the bustling and joyful atmosphere of the events.

An Introduction to Basin Meal Generally speaking, a basin meal includes pork rind, radish, fried bean curd sheets, squid, fragrant mushrooms, stewed pork and chicken. The sauce-absorbing ingredients are placed in the bottom of the basin while the meats are placed in the upper layer. In the past, the ingredients were regarded as delicacies in traditional villages. Among these ingredients, radish, also known as cai tau, is a homophone of the word ‘good luck’ in Cantonese, while the Cantonese pronunciation of squid is jau jyu, which homophonically means ‘having surplus’ and thus has an auspicious meaning.

Historical and Architectural Traces of the roof in villages in southern China Here you can see the roof, with rows of dark grey Hakka-style pan tiles. Each row is finished off with roll tiles. Sunlight penetrates into the house through a pane of glass in the roof.

The ninth son of Dragon - Greed Dragon had nine sons. The ninth one was called Greed. He had so much treasures. Yet, he was not satisfied. He tried to swallow the Sun and tried to drink all water from the sea. Finally, he’s drown.

Ghost Ranch in New Mexico of USA Ghost Ranch is located in New Mexico of USA. It was discovered in 1972. It is full of fossils of animals and plants of Triassic Era, which was 250 years ago.

Matteo Ricci and China Matteo Ricci was an Italian. He came to China in 1582. He died in Beijing in 1610. He introduced Jesus Christ and striking clock to Chinese people.

Galluro - the magic bird in India When Vishnu, the God of India, travels or fights in the war, he rides on a galluro. It eats 500 snakes every day. Its heart is made of green glaze.

Murray and Minor James Murray (1837-1915) was a brilliant in languages. He was dropped out from school in 14 years old. He continued in selfstudy. When he was 41 years old, he became the editor of Oxford English Dictionary. William Chester Minor was an American and a doctor. He was a mad man and a murderer. He was kept in a madhouse in UK. He had contributed more than 13 thousand example sentences to the dictionary. Murray wanted to save him out of the mad house. In 1910, with the help of a cabinet member, Winston Churchill, Minor was sent to US. In 1915, Murray was passed away in the age of 78.

The 5 pyramids in Bosnia In 2005, Sam Osmanagic visited Viscica. He discovered that Viscica was a pyramid, covering with trees and mud. The pyramid is 220m tall. Then, he discovered 4 pyramids nearby Viscica. He found artificial structures in Viscica, under the mud. The eldest structures can be dated back to 24580 years ago.

Epilogue

As someone who is passionate on something, there will always be the motivation to create continually.

Inspirations can be raised from every moment on everyday lives.

Without hesitations, topics and resources arouses abundantly, every time when I hear from JLIAACEA talks on something mystic and extraordinary.

Kevin