Unified Division by Joakim Sätterman

UNIFIED DIVISION In the sloping border between Southern Guldheden and Mossen a new housing development is emerging. The new additions takes their stand in the nature, bridging the barrier of the topography.

The development is designed to attract different groups of tenants in a mixture of uniformity and diversity, a wooden unified division.

UNIFIED DIVISION HOUSING DEVELOPMENT IN SOUTHERN GULDHEDEN Pre-conditions and the context The site for the assignment is situated at the southern end of Doktor Allards Gata, the main road through Southern Guldheden, a city district in the south of central Gothenburg. The site is in the steep sloping border between the existing buildings of Guldheden (mainly from the 1950’s and 60’s) and the wild nature of Mossen recreation area. To the north Chalmers University is situated and the site is target for a collaboration between Chalmers and the building company Riksbyggen aiming for a modern and forward thinking new housing development. The development is thought of as a part of the new urban image of Guldheden. An aim is “Positive Footprint Housing” which advocates a more sustainable lifestyle. The closeness to public communications, both trams and buses, and to larger institutions such as Chalmers and Sahlgrenska University Hospital gives good preconditions for housings more independent from the needs of an own car.

To gain inspiration master student are involved in the process by doing design proposals for the new development. Prior to this years assignment a new detail plan for the site has been established, which we in the assignment were set to follow. The detail plan divides the site into three blocks allowing one higher volume part and one lower, in order to ensure that the current residents across the street will not have their entire view blocked. The layout of the detail plan with its three blocks set the constraints of the assignment: as a group of three we were assigned to design the urban scale while we individually designed one block each. In my group I chose the northern block and on the following pages I will present the group work (with an emphasis on my own contribution) and my individual part.

WAVRINSKYS PLATS

DR FRIES TORG

CHALMERS

DR AL LA RD SG AT A

THE SITE MOSSEN

THE CURRENT DETAIL PLAN SITE OVERVIEW IMPORTANT ROADS IN RED AND PUBLIC TRANSPORTS IN BLUE

The Urban Collaboration

The Concept Our common concept was to sub-divide the development into smaller units. Looking at the proposal implied by the detail plan we did not agree with proposed large-scale lamellas. Instead we wanted, by our divisions, to bring down the scale to more humane proportions. The divisions also gave potentials to create better sun and view conditions, which was a challange due to the orientation of the site. Additionally our concept with totally nine wooden building units gave us a good freedom in between to diversify our different projects.

Volume evolution

In the steep slope along Doktor Allards gata a new housing development is planned.

Maximized volume according to the detail plan regulations implies a large scale lamella.

Dividing the volume into three units breaks down the large scale lamella and creates better sun and view conditions, both for the block and for the adjecent to the north.

Subtracting levels for a better street section, sun conditions and views. To avoid much excavation the lowest levels are also subtracted resulting in units placed lightly on pillars in the slope

Communication connects the public street level platform with the units and the semi-private areas. A semi-public path, within the slope, connects to the neighbouring housing blocks in north and south.

The final result is a housing project in the human scale taking advantage of the characteristic topography while still making a low impact on the nature.

The maximized volume according to the detail plan exceeds by far the maximum allowed total squaremeters and therefore our conceptual choices did not have a negative effect in that sense that we did any larger reduces of buildable apartment squaremeters.

EARLIER CONCEPTUAL LANDSCAPE MODEL

Target groups Almost 60 % of the apartments in Guldheden are 1-2 Rooms and kitchen. B ringing diversity and different typologies to the area is a good strategy for social sustainability in the long run. By adding larger apartments groups that are currently under-represented can contribute to an increased diversity in Guldheden. However, to maintain the local diversity, there still is a need to complement with smaller apartments also within the new development.

1. The young family 3-5 R+K or 2 Storey-Apartments

2. The elderly couple 2-3 R+K

3. Student household 1-1.5 R+K

The closeness to the city center combined with the calm and peaceful environment makes Guldheden suitable for the young family. The parents can work in the city center, or other major workplaces like Sahlgrenska, but still provide a safe and quiet environment for the children.

Today, the population of Guldheden is slightly older than the average of Gothenburg. Following the Swedish trend of a growing elderly population there is a need for more apartments adjusted to the needs of seniors.

The closeness to Chalmers University, Sahlgrenska and other institutions at Gothenburg university make Guldheden a perfect location for the addition and development of new student households.

and use of cars in the area. As an effect of the vision the amount of car parking in the new development is reduced to far below the current Swedish standards.

As a symbol for the traffic separation theory Doktor Allards cuts through Southern Guldheden, designed for cars but separated from pedestrians creating a barrier through the area. Meanwhile its central location gives it opportunities to instead become an important part in the transformation towards the urban Guldheden.

The new development becomes a first step in the transformation and the southern gate of Doktor Allards gata. The closeness to existing public transportation in addition to existing developments and the site conditions gives the southern end of the project good conditions to become an urban space, enhancing the gate of Doktor Allards gata.

Urban Spaces Southern Guldheden was one of the first districts to adapt traffic separation planning in the 1950’s, a model which became standard in Swedish city planning through the continuing of the 20th century. From the 1950’s the amount of cars in Gothenburg have increased drastically while the population of Southern Guldheden has decreased from 10 000 inhabitants in the 60’s to approximately 6000 today. The new development along Doktor Allards Gata is a part of the vision for the more densified urban Guldheden, a vision leaving the traffic seperating planning and also striving for reducing the need

To further emphasize the new visions of Guldheden we argue that this has to affect the visual appearance of the urban spaces. Therefore we have designed the urban spaces attached to the new housings in order to transform Doktor Allards Gata from a high-speed road into an urban street where the vehicles share the space on equal conditions as pedestrians.

FAÇADE TOWARDS MOSSEN SCALE 1:400 (ORG 1:200) OUR COMMON CONCEPT WITH MULTIPLE WOODEN UNITS ARE CLEARLY VISABLE, THOUGH THE DESIGN AND INTERPRETATIONS ARE DIFFERENT.

ARCHITECT: JOHAN NORDVALL

ARCHITECT: MILAD ABEDI

ARCHITECT: JOAKIM SÄTTERMAN

SCALE 1:400 16 20 m

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The layout and placement of the communications are designed to enhance social interaction connected to multiple semi-private spaces. At the street level-platform the green center, Roof terrace with bike and car pool, recycling and garbage disposal, becomes a meeting spot shared with the adjacent block. The bicycle garage is placed below the platform and is entered through two ramps which meets below theiewstreet house of de v the middle block. The basement of this building Faca can also accomodate shared spaces such as a “bicycle workshop” for fixing with your bike. en

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To look further into my block, the most northern, all the tenants enter their apartments by the exterior footbridge also connecting the semiprivate spaces. At the start of the bridge a small-scale entrance square is created and at the end the shared roof top garden is situated at the top of the slope house, including a green house giving facilities for both indoor and outdoor cultivating which gives positive affects both for social interaction and ecological thinking.

Complementing the out-door spaces the street level of the middle house provides in-door common spaces. The space can be booked for different events but it also becomes a relaxing environment for everyday use. This is enhanced by introducing a small “library” for books, clothing, tools etc. for the tenants to share. While doing the laundry, instead of running up to your apartment, you can relax in the lounge inspired environment: take a coffee, read a book or have a chat with a neighbour.

N SITE PLAN

SCALE 1:400 (ORG 1:200) 0 4 8 12 16 20 m

UNIFIED DIVISION

Part 3 | Joakim S채tterman Housing Inventions |Chalmers

Local References & the Concept The overall concept of the new development is to decrease the scale by subdividing the three blocks into smaller units, tower blocks standing lightly in the slope. I found inspiration and a reference in an existing typology in the close area, the tower block concept where two high-rise volumes are connected by a shared stairwell. I made a more clear separation of the volumes by leaving the stairwell within one tower and connecting the other volume by exterior footbridges. The result became three buildings sharing two stairwells. Due to the topography one stairwell connects to the apartments above street level and the other to the ones below. The communication for the apartments above street level is placed in the street house and connects to the higher levels of the middle house. The stairwell for below street level is attached to the third building, the slope house, also connecting to the lower levels of the middle house.

The Block Layout

Above Street Level At Street Level Below Street Level

Street House

Middle House

Apartments (5 levels) Rentable space + Entrance Storage for tenants (1 level)

Apartments (3 levels) Shared spaces for tenants Apartments + Storage (3 levels)

Slope House

Rooftop garden Apartments (4 levels)

The Street House The Middle House

The Slope House

Local references as inspiration

Axonometri showing my block including recycling station and bicycle garage (more thoroughly describe on previous page)

Above Street Level Above street level there is a total of 21 apartments divided between five levels in the street house and three levels in the middle house. The composition of apartments is designed to attract different target groups with a range of apartments from 25 m2 to 78 m2, each apartment has at least one balcony which all turns a solid wooden front towards the busy street while opening up to the nature. The street house consists of three apartments: a four-room apartment at 78 m2 towards the north, a three-room at 72 m2 towards southwest and a 25 m2 single-room apartment towards southeast. Due to positioning of storage and inner corridors there are also possibilities to join apartment if requested. The two apartments in the middle house are reached by an exterior corridor and a bridge, which connects to the stairwell in the street house. As the floor plan here is presented the house consists of a 45 m2 one-room apartment towards west and a three-room apartment at 70 m2 towards east. However, the design makes it possible to easily transform it into two two-room apartments, at about 57 m2 each, by shifting the bedroom which divides the two apartments.

N 78 m2 Stor.

Stor.

72 m2

25 m2 45 m2

Stor.

70 m2

AVERAGE FLOOR PLAN ABOVE STREET LEVEL SCALE 1:200 (ORG. 1:100)

Stor.

72 m2

+ FLEXIBILITY THE EVOLUTION OF SARAâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S FLAT SCALE 1:200 (ORG. 1:100)

Adaptability/Flexibility To be able to change and adapt the apartments to the evolution of time the apartments are designed to be flexible. This both implies how easy it is to do internal changes and which possibilities there are to switch or merge between apartments. To show some variations of flexibility I here give to examples.

SCALE 1:200 0

10 m

Sara has moved to Gothenburg for studies. She lives in the southeast apartment of the street house and to make both ends meet she rents out the larger bedroom while she sleeps in the smaller which has direct access to the living room (see the floor plan in the average plan). The time passes by; Sara finds love instead of renting out a room they move in together into the apartment. They find the smaller bedroom suitable for a child but when they get twins they have to rethink. Instead of moving out they rearrange some walls and end up with a four-room apartment with one room for each child (see separate floor plan).

Sven is a divorcee with shared custody of two children which are present every other week. Sven lives in the eastern apartment of the middle house and the children share a bunk bed in one of the rooms (see the floor plan in the average plan). Sven finds a new love, a single-mom with one child. Together they see the unique opportunity and get hold of the other apartment on the same level. With some small arrangement, two new door openings and one kitchen less, they now have a five-room apartment with a bedroom each for the three children, an urban villa with views in all directions (see separate floor plan). The master bedroom is situated centrally between the public part and the more private, with the children bedrooms.

115 m2

FLEXIBILITY THE EVOLUTION OF SVENâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;S FLAT SCALE 1:200 (ORG. 1:100)

Interior view of Saraâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s apartment after the rearrangement

The slope house consists of six apartments distributed on four levels. The apartments are subdivided into two units of three apartments each. Each unit shares a semi-private glazed cultivable balcony with double ceiling height. The units consist of one 2-storey apartment at 110 m2 and two four-room apartments at 80m2. The 2-storey and one of the other apartments enters through the cultivable balcony while the last apartment enters one storey up, at a private entrance balcony. The solution with the double height balcony works The middle house has three levels below the street good considering the sun conditions: the double level, each level consists of storage space (for the skin façade makes it easier to have larger window apartment on the same level plus two apartments areas, both because of the lack of disturbing from the slope house) and a 4-room apartment at balconies above and also due to better energy conditions (less heat transmission loss etc.). All 92 m2. apartments has a social axis which gives lights from both directions, in the one-storey apartments there are possibilities to switch places between PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT dining and living areas depending on which is desired to have towards the more public balcony side and which to place towards the calm back. Below street level another world appears. The apartments here are farther away from the busy street and totally embraced by the nature. Due to the topography the lower apartments have not as good light conditions as the ones above street level. This is compensated by more spacious apartments, both in square-meters and in ceiling height with 2.74 m instead of the 2.54 m in the higher apartments. There are a total of nine apartments distributed between the middle house and the slope house.

92 m2

80 m2

Stor.

80 m2

A 110 m2

+16.0 +13.0

+7.0 +4.0 Street Level +0 -3.2 -6.4 -9.6

LANDSCAPE SECTION (A-A) SCALE 1:400 (ORG. 1:200)

-12.8

SCALE 1:200 0

SCALE 1:400 6

10 m

20 m

B PRODUCED BY AN AUTODESK EDUCATIONAL PRODUCT

+10.0

THE SLOPE UNIT’S UPPER LEVEL SCALE 1:200 (ORG. 1:100)

AVERAGE FLOOR PLAN BELOW STREET LEVEL THE MIDDLE HOUSE & THE SLOPE UNIT’S LOWER LEVEL SCALE 1:200 (ORG. 1:100)

Materials, Energy & Sustainability

Concerning the energy consumption solutions a combination of solar panels and geothermal heating is chosen and in addition to that ventilation heat exchange systems can be applied (‘FTX-system’). The solar panels can be used both for generating electricity and heat. In the case of thermal solar cell they can beneficially take advantage of the combination with geothermal heating and during warm period, with a heat surplus, heat from the solar panels can be stored by ‘re-charging’ the bedrock.

Apart from the solar panel-covered areas all roofs are green, either sedum or in the case of the slope house a garden roof. This is both positive in the sense of reducing C02 and for collecting and postponing rainwater. The rainwater collected at the roof garden can be distributed into the cultivable balconies and gets by that extra filtered before it reaches the ground and the groundwater. Finally, in order to strive for sustainability, the social factor is of importance. By presenting the environmental solutions and making them visible a higher awareness can be raised. Additionally the solutions triggers social interactions: you can stop by and have a chat with your neighbours at the bike pool station, the green house provides both leisure activities and locally produced vegetables and at the common library in the lounge area the tenants can take a stand (consciously or unconsciously) against over-consumption and instead meet up and share with their neighbours.

Exterior Wall 437mm 20x2 Wood Panel 25 Battens 45 Battens/Air gap 9 Vapour-permeable membrane 80x2 Insulation 97 5-layer cross laminated timber - Vapour Barrier 45 Insulation 20 Interior Wood Panel

Partitioning floor 462mm 20 71 200 45

Wood Floor + Underlay 3-layer cross laminated timber Wood Beams + Insulation Air Gap

Interior ceiling mounted in the walls 100 Wood Beams + Insulation 26 Ceiling panels

Cultivable balcony 557mm 30 Steel grid + moveable paving stone 230 Soil - Geotextile 60 Gravel 7 Bitumen board 230 Concrete

Distance list in order to avoid flanking transmission

Exterior floor 590mm 20 Wood Floor + Underlay 71 3-layer cross laminated timber - Vapour Barrier 200x2 Wood Beams + Insulation 9 Vapour-permeable membrane 45 Battens/Air Gap 25 Battens 20 Wood Panel

The cultivable balconies are built as a separate load-bearing system supported by steel pillars TRANSPARENT SOLAR CELLS (PHOTO SOURCE: ACS NANO)

COLLECTING RAIN WATER

TCUDORP LANOITACUDE KSEDOTUA NA YB DECUDORP

An important part to reach this goal is the choice of construction. The choice to use wood as much as possible came naturally; it is a renewable resource with low carbon emission during the construction phase. With a lightweight construction system such as cross-laminated wood it is also possible to maintain a low impact on the nature during the construction phase. The façade is a wooden panel solution called ‘lockläktpanel’ (two layers of planks and battens giving a three-dimensional expression). By varying the width of the panels a more diverse expression can be received. The material of the façade is unpainted, thermal treated spruce.

220 Soil - Geotextile 75 Gravel 7 Bitumen board 32 Insulation 20 Wood Panel 45 Battens/Air gap (orthoganal to section) 9 Vapour-permeable membrane 71 3-layer cross laminated timber - Vapour Barrier 200 Wood Beams + Insulation 26 Interior Wood Panel

Solar panels for charging of the car and bike pool are placed on the roof of the recycling building. For the apartments solar panels can be placed on the roofs but as a complement transparent solar panel can be used in large window areas of the green house and the glazed balconies. With transparent panels, that makes use of the IR- and UV-light, the visual transparency is not reduce and additionally the windows gives better protection against the IR- and UV-radiation.

TCUDORP LANOITACUDE KSEDOTUA NA YB DECUDORP

A vision and pre-condition for the project has been the goal “Positive Footprint Housing”, which implies a will to reduce the environmental pressure of the housing into even becoming positive (in concern of carbon emission).

Gardening Roof 705mm

Wooden pillars

Concrete foundation DETAIL SECTION (B-B) SCALE 1:30 (ORG. 1:20)

SCALE 1:30 0

0.5