Northern Landscape Magazine - April 2014

ISSUE # 13 * APRIL 2014

www.northernlandscape.org

NORTHERN LANDSCAPE

HAVING COFFEE CULLODENMIST

THIS IS (HI)STORY! THE NLM HEADQUARTERS

PHOTOGRAPHY TUTORIAL #13 HOW TO PROCESS RAW FILES?

NORTHERN WINDS: WHAT IF UFO ARE NOT UFO AT ALL? MONTHLY CHALLENGES

COVER

A View in Passing ( 1 ) by cullodenmist This is just one of many images in an ongoing set in Norway…. and was taken from an advantaged viewing point.

We had been to Trollstigen and across Eagles Road, and were heading back to our hotel in Geiranger.. This was looking down along the Sognefjord.

Click on image to enlarge… taken with a Panasonic Lumix G2 using a 14 – 42mm Four Thirds lens with a touch of HDR ( x3 ) and Post Op on Picasa 3

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FROM THE EDITOR At last, the number 13 is here!

For many, a bad luck number, for me – in this specific case – a sign that a year has passed since I started this Northern Landscape Project.

What have I achieved since then? Many will say “not much”.

I created a Twitter account that has 24 followers, a Facebook account that has 229 likes, an ISSUU account to publish the magazine on-line which has 29 followers and a total of 57.141 magazine views, created a website that has had 7452 unique visitors in a total of 10212 visitors, and generated a hall of fame for 23 artists (should be 26 but we have had people wining prizes more then once.

This count might be wrong though).

We also resurrected a Redbubble group from the grave and made it one of the most living ones in that social network with 3 and sometimes 4 challenges in a sole month. We gave some voice to some of the most talented and unknown artists and we promise to keep on! We created and spread photography tutorials in order to give others the possibility to become as good as we are with a camera, we spread knowledge for free...

Editor Chief João Figueiredo

Test readers Charles Kosina, Alyson Kosina

Graphic Artist João Figueiredo

Tutorial by João Figueiredo

Web site www.northernlandscape.org

E-mail contact info@northernlandscape.org

Featured artists in this issue cullodenmist Ludwig Wagner

Yes... Many will say that we achieved nothing.

I would say we have come a long way... But the path is not over yet. A lot more is still to be achieved, do you want to help us? We cannot do it without you, you are one of the most vital parts of this project: A magazine from artists to artists!

Your host João Figueiredo

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INDEX 02 About the cover 03 From the editor & technical data 06 Northern winds - What if UFO are not UFO at all?

20 Theme Challenge March ~ Summer landscapes 30 NLM photo tutorial #13 - How to process RAW files?

38 Featured Work Challenge ~ March 48 This is (Hi)story - The NLM headquarters 56 The BIG Challenge ~ March 64 Having coffee with cullodenmist + his Featured works 84 Northern Landscape: Some facts 89 Back cover artist 90 Back cover 4 • Northern Landscape Magazine

THIS AMAZING MAGAZINE IS BROUGHT TO YOU BY

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Norden winds

What if UFO are not UFO at all?

Many people claim to see strange objects in the sky. Many other even manage to record those objects in photography or even in video. Usually we call it UFO – Unidentified Flying Object – which in fact can be a stone thrown by someone flying by, a meteorological balloon or even why not, a secret project about some flying craft?

If you like history, technology, airplanes or even laugh at the way we used to think for 30 years ago or more, sit down and enjoy because this is going to be a very good article for you! Ladies and gentleman, let me introduce you to 10 of the many failed flying machines created by the US army!

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H

ere we can see the Ryan X-13.

The Ryan X-13 Vertijet (company designation Model 69) was an experimental Vertical Take-Off and Landing aircraft flown in the United States in the 1950s. The main objective of the project was to demonstrate the ability of a pure jet to vertically takeoff, hover, transition to horizontal forward flight, and vertically land.

This shot shows the aircraft on an actual test flight.

cal position to test its hovering qualities. The X-13 VertiJet completed its first full-cycle flight at Edwards AFB, California on April 11, 1957, when it took off vertically from its mobile trailer, angled over into a horizontal attitude, and flew for several minutes. The X-13 then transitioned to vertical flight and slowly descended back onto its trailer and landed.

The Air Force chose not to continue development of the Ryan X-13 Vertijet because of the lack of an operational requirement.

The X-13 was flown conventionally on December 10, 1955 to test its aerodynamic characteristics. The Vertijet was then fitted with a temporary “tail sitting” rig. On May 28, 1956, it was flown from the ground in a verti-

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HZ-1 Aerocycle is the next aircraft we investigate.

The HZ-1 Aerocycle, also known as the YHO-2 and by the manufacturer’s designation DH-4 Heli-Vector, was an American one-man “personal helicopter” developed by de Lackner Helicopters in the mid-1950s. Intended to be operated by inexperienced pilots with a minimum of 20 minutes of instruction, the HZ-1 was expected to become a standard reconnaissance machine with the United States Army.

The machine was a simple, cross-shaped frame, with the pilot standing on a platform, secured by a safety harness. The harness also secured the aircraft’s engine, which was an outboard motor manufactured by Mercury Marine. The engine was controlled by a twist-grip motorcycle-style throttle and transferred power to the 15-foot (4.6 m) diameter, contra-rotating rotors via belt drive with a chain reduction unit. The aircraft’s

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landing gear consisted of airbags at the end of each arm of the frame along with a large rubber float in the middle, allowing for amphibious capability, although this arrangement was later replaced by a pair of conventional helicopter-type skids.

Although early testing showed that the craft had promise for providing mobility on the atomic battlefield, more extensive evaluation proved that the aircraft was in fact too difficult to control for operation by untrained infantrymen, and after a pair of crashes the project was abandoned. A single model of the craft was put on display.

The next one in this list is the F2Y Sea Dart which seems comming out of a James Bond movie.

The Sea Dart began as Convair’s entry to a 1948 U.S. Navy contest for a supersonic interceptor aircraft. There was at the time much skepticism about operating supersonic aircraft from aircraft carrier decks, which explains why the U.S. Navy ordered so many subsonic fighters at that time.

The prototype was fitted with an experimental single ski, which proved more successful than the twin-ski design of the second service test aircraft. Testing with several other experimental ski configurations continued with the prototype through 1957, after which it was placed into storage.

SR.A/1, tendered a design for a ski equipped fighter but little came of it.

The underpowered engines made the fighter sluggish, and the hydro-skis were not as successful as hoped; they created violent vibration during takeoff and landing, despite the shock-absorbing oleo legs they were extended on. Work on the skis and oleo legs improved this situation somewhat, but they could not cure the sluggish performance.

The Sea Dart proved incapable of supersonic speed in level flight with the J34 engines; not helping was its pre-area rule shape, which meant higher transonic drag.

All production aircraft were cancelled, though the remaining three service test examples were completed. The two final prototypes never flew.

The US was not the only country to consider the hydroski. The Saunders-Roe company of the United Kingdom, which had already built an experimental flying-boat jet fighter, the

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The Northrop YB-49 was a prototype jetpowered heavy bomber aircraft which was clearly way ahead of it’s time!

With the XB-35 program seriously behind schedule by 1944, and the end of pistonengined combat aircraft in sight, the production contract for this propeller-driven type was cancelled in May of that year.

Nevertheless, the Flying Wing design was still sufficiently interesting to the Air Force that work was continued on testing a single YB-35A production aircraft.

The YB-49 and its modern counterpart, the B-2 Spirit, both built by Northrop Grumman, have the same wingspan: 172.0 ft (52.4 m).

Flight test data collected from the original YB-49 test flights was used in the development of the B-2 bomber.

Thirty years later, in April 1980, Jack Northrop, then quite elderly and wheelchair bound, was taken back to the company he founded.

There, he was ushered into a classified

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area and shown a scale model of the Air Force’s forthcoming but still highly classified Advanced Technology Bomber, which would eventually become known as the B-2; it was a sleek, all-wing design. Looking over its familiar lines, Northrop, unable to speak due to various illnesses, was reported to have written on a pad: “I know why God has kept me alive for the past 25 years.” Jack Northrop died 10 months later, in February 1981, eight years before the first B-2 entered Air Force service.

The YB-49 never entered production, being passed over in favor of the more conventional Convair B-36 piston-driven design.

Design work performed in the development of the YB-35 and YB-49 nonetheless proved to be valuable to Northrop decades later in the eventual development of the B-2 stealth bomber, which entered service in the early 1990s.

I feel like if MacGyver would ever invented an airplane, this would be the one: The Fairchild XC-120 Packplane! This was an American experimental transport aircraft first flown in 1950. It was developed from the company’s C-119 Flying Boxcar, and was unique in the unconventional use of removable cargo pods that were attached below the fuselage, instead of possessing an internal cargo compartment.

The XC-120 Packplane began as a C-119B fuselage (48-330, c/n 10312) which was cut off at a point just below the flight deck. The wings were angled upwards between the engines and the fuselage, raising the fuselage by several feet and giving the plane an inverted gull wing appearance. Smaller wheels were installed forward of each of the main landing gear struts to serve as nosewheels, while the main struts were extended backwards.

and lowered in a scissorlike fashion to lower the aircraft and facilitate the removal of a planned variety of wheeled pods which would be attached below the fuselage for the transport of cargo. The goal was to allow cargo to be preloaded into the pods; it was claimed that such an arrangement would speed up loading and unloading cargo.

Only one XC-120 was built. Though the aircraft was tested extensively and made numerous airshow appearances in the early 1950s the project went no further. The sole prototype was eventually scrapped.

All four landing gear units could be raised

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The McDonnell XF-85 Goblin was an American prototype fighter aircraft conceived during World War II by McDonnell Aircraft. It was intended to be deployed from the bomb bay of the giant Convair B-36 bomber as a parasite fighter. The XF-85’s intended role was to defend bombers from hostile interceptors, a need demonstrated during World War II. Two prototypes were constructed before the program was terminated.

The XF-85 was a response to a United States Army Air Forces (USAAF) requirement for a fighter to be carried within the Northrop XB-35 and B-36, then under development.

This was to address the limited range of existing interceptor aircraft compared to the greater range of new bomber designs. The XF-85 was a diminutive jet aircraft featuring a distinctive egg-shaped fuselage and a forked-tail stabilizer design. The prototypes were built and underwent testing and evaluation in 1948. Flight tests showed promise in the design, but the aircraft’s performance

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was inferior to the jet fighters it would have been facing in combat, and there were difficulties in docking. The XF-85 was swiftly canceled, and the prototypes were thereafter relegated to museum exhibits. The 1947 successor to the USAAF, the United States Air Force (USAF), continued to examine the concept of parasite aircraft under Project MX-106 “Tip Tow”, Project FICON and Project “Tom-Tom” following the cancellation.

The Republic XF-103 was an American project to develop a high speed interceptor aircraft capable of destroying Soviet bombers.

Despite a prolonged development, it never progressed past the mock-up stage.

The fuselage was completely smooth, with a high fineness ratio for low drag at supersonic speeds. The design was developed prior to the discovery of the area rule, and does not display any of the “wasp waisting” common to aircraft primarily developed after 1952. The fuselage contours were mainly cylindrical, but blended into the intake starting around the wing root, giving it a rounded, rectangular profile through the middle, before reverting to a pure cylinder shape again at the engine nozzle.

contract with their Hughes MA-1 fire control system, which was under development.

Weapons were carried in bays located on the sides of the fuselage behind the cockpit, which opened by flipping upward, thereby rotating the missiles out of their bays. It was to be armed with six GAR-1/GAR-3 Falcon (then known as MX-904), with a likely arrangement of three or four each GAR-1s and GAR-3s, fired in pairs (one each radar and infrared guided) to improve the odds of a hit. The XF-103 also was to feature 36 2.75inch “Mighty Mouse” FFARs.

The entire nose of the aircraft was taken up by the large Hughes radar set, which offered (then) long detection ranges. Guidance and fire control were to be provided by the same MX-1179 package being developed for all of the WS-201 designs. Hughes had won this

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No, the next craft is not a toy for display. The image below shows various views of the A-12 as designed.

The McDonnell Douglas/General Dynamics A-12 Avenger II was a proposed American attack aircraft from McDonnell Douglas and General Dynamics. It was to be an all-weather, carrier-based stealth bomber replacement for the Grumman A-6 Intruder in the United States Navy and Marine Corps.

Its Avenger II name was taken from the Grumman TBF Avenger of World War II.

each producing about 13,000 pounds-force (58 kN) of thrust. It was designed to carry precision guided weapons internally, up to two AIM-120 AMRAAM air-to-air missiles, two AGM-88 HARM air-to-ground missiles and a complement of air-to-ground ordnance, including unguided or precision-guided bombs, could be carried in an internal weapons bay. It has been claimed that the A-12 was to be capable of delivering nuclear weapons held in its internal weapons bay as well. The A-12 was to have a weapons load of 5,160 pounds (2,300 kg).

The development of the A-12 was troubled by cost overruns and several delays, causing questions of the program’s ability to deliver upon its objectives; these doubts led to the development program being canceled in 1991. The manner of its cancellation was contested through litigation until a settlement was reached in January 2014.

Beginning in early 1990 McDonnell Douglas and General Dynamics revealed delays and projected cost increases. Due to complications with the composite materials aircraft weight had increased significantly to 30% over design specification. This was unwelcome for an airplane to operate efficiently and effectively from an aircraft carrier.

The aircraft was to be powered by two General Electric F412-D5F2 turbofan engines,

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The Convair XFY Pogo tailsitter was an experiment in vertical takeoff and landing, just like TinTin’s rocket.

The Pogo had delta wings and three-bladed contra-rotating propellers powered by a 5,500 hp (4,100 kW) Allison YT40-A-16 turboprop engine. It was intended to be a high-performance fighter aircraft capable of operating from small warships. Landing the XFY-1 was difficult, as the pilot had to look over his shoulder while carefully working the throttle to land - clearly a craft ahead of it’s time, since today we have technology in our cars that allows us to see the back side of the car while parking it or even technology that parks the car by it self without human intervention.

On 19 April 1954, a Convair engineering test pilot and Marine reservist, Lieutenant Colonel James F. “Skeets” Coleman, made the first tethered flight in the Pogo. The XFY-1 was like no other propeller driven aircraft before it. No previous aircraft with a similar weight, engine power, or size had ever attempted to take off and land vertically. For the safety

of both the craft and its pilot, the propeller hub cover was removed and replaced by safety tether lines for the first flight, in case Coleman would lose control of the craft and would need to be tethered to prevent the craft falling to the ground. On the other end of the tether was another engineer, Bob McGreary. If Coleman ever lost control, McGreary controlled the winch which could be turned to raise the tethers to prevent the craft from plummeting to the ground.

For further safety preventions, four security cables were fastened to each wing in case control was lost in any axis.

It became evident that even if technical problems could be overcome, such VTOL aircraft would be flown only by the most experienced pilots. Thus, it was not feasible to place VTOL fighters—as previously hoped for—on every ship. Also, whereas jet-engined fighters had top speeds that approached Mach 2, the turboprop VTOL fighter was at a disadvantage with a top speed around Mach 1. Due to these problems, the XFY Project was put on hiatus.

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If you are an X-Men fan, this is the point you start to have it hard to distinguish between reality and fiction.

The Lockheed YF-12 looks a lot like the X-Men’s air craft, doesn’t it?

This was an American prototype interceptor aircraft evaluated by the United States Air Force. The YF-12 was twin-seat version of the secret single-seat Lockheed A-12 reconnaissance aircraft, which led to the U.S. Air Force’s Lockheed SR-71 Blackbird twinseat reconnaissance variant. The YF-12 set and held speed and altitude world records of over 2000 mph and over 80,000 ft (later surpassed by the SR-71), and is the world’s largest manned interceptor to date.

In the late 1950s the United States Air Force (USAF) sought a replacement for its F-106 Delta Dart interceptor. As part of the Long Range Interceptor Experimental (LRI,X) program, the North American XF-108 Rapier, an interceptor with Mach 3 speed, was selected.

However, the F-108 program was canceled by the Department of Defense in September 1959. During this time, Lockheed’s Skunk Works was developing the A-12 reconnaissance aircraft for the Central Intelligence Agency (CIA) under the Oxcart program.

Kelly Johnson, the head of Skunk Works, proposed to build a version of the A-12 named AF-12 by the company; the USAF ordered three AF-12s in mid-1960.

The program was abandoned following the cancellation of the production F-12B, but the YF-12s continued flying for many years with the USAF and with NASA as research aircraft.

The initial phase of this program included test objectives aimed at answering some questions about implementation of the B-1.

Air Force objectives included exploration of its use in a tactical environment, and how AWACS would control supersonic aircraft.

The Air Force portion was budgeted at US$4 million. The NASA tests would answer questions such as how engine inlet performance affected airframe and propulsion interaction, boundary layer noise, heat transfer under

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high Mach conditions, and altitude hold at supersonic speeds. The NASA budget for the 2.5-year program was US$14 million.

Now is the time where the reader might wonder how and which debate am I expecting to create with this article? That is a good reaction from your side, if that was the case.

The debate that I am trying to generate here - and this time I will not go for any longshot speaches about this and that but instead let you think by yourself and get to your own conclusions - is that not everything we see is what it looks like.

People tend to believe in things that are not logical when they don’t understand what they see or experience. Considering today’s technology and that famous “rule” which says that new technology can be kept under secret for 40 years before it is revealed to the public, what guarantees us that UFOs aren’t exactly that - Unidentified Flying Objects.

I am not claiming aliens and everything else associated with them do not exist, but I am also trying to show you that there might be a reason why so many public projects like roads or dams always need way much more money then what was planed on the initial budgets. I am also telling you that with today’s technology, what tells you that those UFOs are not human technology?

Who knows what secret projects are hidden inside of governments and corporates labs?

Many of them we will never know about...

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BASED ON WIKIPEDIA ARTICLES ABOUT AIRCRAFTS

WISH TO DEBATE SOMETHING?

MAKE YOUR SUGG

18 • Northern Landscape Magazine

GESTION TO: INFO@NORTHERNLANDSCAPE.ORG

Northern Landscape Magazine • 19

Theme Challen March Summe 20 • Northern Landscape Magazine

nge

er

17 ENTRIES 29 VOTES 1 WINNER 5 DAYS FOR VOTING

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VIEW ACROSS STRANGFORD LOUGH BY STEPHEN MAXWELL WITH 6 VOTES

Challenge winner 22 • Northern Landscape Magazine

e

Stephen Maxwell Returned to photography and the digital age in the early 2000s after a break of about 18 years. I enjoy the immediacy of digital photography and I am not averse to post production work on an image. I am improving at photographing landscapes, not very good at photographing people and mostly photograph ‘things’.

I was interviewed for the Lines group, it can be seen here – Interview © Stephen Maxwell: using any of my images for any purpose and in any way, without prior permission, will get you a slap!

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BELLE TOUT LIGHTHOUSE BY LUDWIG WAGNER

GLOWING WAVES BY KERNUAK

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JÆREN - NORWAY BY JULIE08

MUCKROSS HEAD, DONEGAL, IRELAND BY GEORGE ROW

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DANISH WINDMILLS AND SUNSHINE BY LARRY LINGARD/DAVIS

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PATH TO WHISPERING WOOD BY NIGEL BANGERT

ISLAY: THE WRECK BY KASIA-D

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AYSGARTH LOWER FALLS, YORKSHIRE BY WIGGYOFIPSWICH

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KLUANE LAKE REFLECTION - YUKON TERRITORY, CANADA BY HARRY SNOWDEN

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NLM PHOTO T HOW TO PROCESS RAW FILES Far too many times I spoken here about shooting RAW and HDR. Only a few weeks ago I realised I have never explained how to process RAW files – something that is not necessary at all if you shoot in JPG. Well... better late then never!

Yes, we are going mainstream over here! We will be using as usual Adobe tools.

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TUTORIAL #13

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F

or some time ago I realised I made a mistake. When a friend of mine asked me for some quick tips of how to handle RAW files I answered back to her that if she could read and understand well English, then she should come to the Northern Landscape website and check the tutes section because I have written a whole a lot about it. Exactly after I said this I started to go through all my tuts and realised that “actually no... I have never really talked about processing a RAW file!”. I guess I can say two things: First off, Epic fail! Second is better late then never!

So, after I have talked you out of JPG shooting and after I have talked about HDR and fringing correction and many other things that involve HDR shooting, I will finally talk to you about how to process RAW files. The truth is, it might seem complicated and uninteresting, but in fact it is quite simple and you will easily achieve results that before (on the red light studio days) you would need days and a whole lot more patience to achieve.

FIRST THINGS FIRST...

Well, if you still are not convinced about shooting in RAW, let me explain to you very shortly why should you shoot in RAW. In order to do this I will quote my own conclusion on the tutorial “JPG vs. raw: let the battle begin!”: “if you have a DSLR don’t hesitate: Take the thumb out of your back side and get out of your comfort zone! Furthermore, see the example showcased here in this tutorial.

Thanks to RAW I was able to take a job as a restaurant photographer without having to buy expensive material like flashes, reflectors, lights, etc... Thanks to RAW, I was able to execute the job perfectly just with my skills and my Canon EOS 550D. This way I didn’t have to constantly worry about changing things as shutter speed, aperture, white bal-

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ance, (etc) and I could focus only in what I needed: the action that was going on around me in that restaurant!”

Click on the link if you want to read the tutorial in more detail.

MATERIAL YOU WILL NEED

1-

You are going to need a DSLR or a mobile phone that shoots in RAW - Yes, they exist!

2-

A “decent” computer that will allow you to process as smooth as possible large files and Adobe software.

3 -

That’s right, we’re going to be using Photoshop here. You can use others like Lightroom (and then the difference to Photoshop will be minimal if none really), you can use your own camera’s software which is free, there is also Apple Aperture 3 (MAC only), Corel AfterShot Pro, etc, etc, etc, etc (really, the list is infinite!)

GETTING YOUR HANDS DIRTY!

1 -

Open your RAW file into Adobe Photoshop. Photoshop will automatically open the RAW file in a new separated window. This will happen because Photoshop will call Adobe Camera RAW into action.

Adobe Camera RAW is another program that is not sold separated, unfortunately...

2-

From here on, all you got to do is play until you achieve the result that pleases you the most! As simple as this. Check the shot below:

Check out the arrows and what they point thw White balance, Exposure values, Clarity, at: The arrow at the top, points at a row of 10 Vibrance, shadows, etc. You will be spending buttons. I don’t find all of the essential, but all most of your time there. of them have a very specific function. Once you have understood what these are for, you will master the RAW processing files martial art!

The second button is called Tone curve. Here you can control the light curves The second row pointing up shows you the in an overall or by channel. Very useful feaoptions that will change according to the but- ture for when you are shooting outdoors and ton you have chosen in the row we just talked you mess up your exposure settings! about.

4 -

3-

Let’s go through all those buttons: The first button is called Basic and gives you some of the most important choices like

5-

After that we have the Detail button.

There you can control sharpening and noise reduction. I don’t know about you but I find the noise reduction tool very useful!

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6-

HSL/Grayscale is the next button in that row. HSL stands for Hue, Saturation amd Luminance. This area here is incredibly important because it will allow you to recover lost colours due to exposure or lightning conditions.

You are going to have a lot of fun playing with this!

7-

Split tone is the next in line: This tool provides tools that allow you to change the tones of the highlighted areas in your image separately from the shadow areas.

This tool will allow you to do this in two different stages: Highligts and Shadows.

8 -

Now it’s Lens Correction’s turn.

I have spoken about this tool in previous tutorials. here you can correct lightning and curvature issues caused by your lens. Just select the camera model you have and the lens type you use and Camera Raw will do pretty much the rest. If you still think it’s not enough then you can do it manually.

Many people underestimate this tool but the fact is that this is a very important tool that will help you correct distortion problems that sometimes you don’t even see at a first glance.

10 -

Camera calibration: Pretty much what the name says. Here you can mess arround with the calibrations that exist in your camera with the reds, greens, blues and shadows. The shadows here have an interesting feature though: They are not the traditional shadows in “B&W” tones but in green and magenta tones!

Awesome! How many times did you get troubled by weird toned shadows?

11 -

Presets button. Here you can make everything much easier and create/ save your own presets. This is very useful for when you are doing series and need to apply some standard settings, a bit like the logic behind the Actions on Photoshop. I usually don’t find this button useful but I imagine that for model shooting - where you have lots of very similar images in series - this is very useful.

12 -

Imagine you are editing your RAW file but you get unsure about different settings. How many times have you came across such situations where you wonder if the shot looks better with more contrast or with more vibrance? Or even in Sepia tones?

Well, with this button you can save snapshots of your different stages and take a look at them in order to compare. This tool can be decisive!

9 -

The Effects window comes next.

This is really not what it sounds like. Here you will not find effects like Posterize, Pinch, etc. That’s for what one can call of “way-post processing” - if that word is even possible.

Instead Adobe is giving you a tool where you can stylize the amount of grain and the file’s vignetting.

CONCLUSION As I said so many times before, there is really no reason no to shoot in RAW unless you want something instantaneous like Facebook or Instagram posts.

If you’re not aiming for that, then RAW should

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be your format, allways!

Above all, shooting in RAW will open a whole world of possibilities for you. It will not allow you to do everything but it will allow you to do almost everything!

If you do not have nor the money nor the patience to read, compare and buy expensive equipment for your camera, like reflectors, flashes, lenses, etc, then use RAW in order to achieve the same objectives! Sure you will have a bit more work on the post-

editing (editing converting your RAW files into high wuality JPG or TIFF files), but you will travel light and save a lot of money in expensive gear, especially when the time to buy a new camera comes and you are forced to change gear as well.

A RAW file is compatible with any computer and updates in your software are much cheaper and easier to do then to buy a whole new set of gear...

The choice is yours!

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FINAL RESULT LÅNGE JAN

WANT TO SEND US YOUR TUTORIAL? 36 • Northern Landscape Magazine

SEN

ND IT TO

Northern Landscape Magazine • 37 INFO@NORTHERNLANDSCAPE.ORG

Feature Work Challen March 38 • Northern Landscape Magazine

ed

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35 ENTRIES 32 VOTES 1 WINNER 5 DAYS FOR VOTING

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REINE BY KEIJO SAVOLAINEN WITH 6 VOTES

Challenge winner 40 • Northern Landscape Magazine

Keijo Savolainen Espoo, Finland Joined: October 2013

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FACTORY IN DUBLIN HARBOUR II BY LUDWIG WAGNER

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LOCH AWE BY LEZVEE

ALASKA BY BRUCE TAYLOR

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BEGINNING OF THE DAY BY REMO SAVISAAR

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AFON DWYFOR & TREMADOC BAY BY WIGGYOFIPSWICH

REINDEERS BY JULIE08

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CASTLE OF TRAKAI - LITHUANIA BY ARIE KOENE

GLOWING WAVES BY KERNUAK

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CLAPHAM BECK (HDR) BY STEPHEN KNOWLES

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This is (hi

Have you ever wondered about the NL project’s headquarters? Wonder no more...

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i)story!

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W

hat you see on the cover of this article is the actual building where LFSolutions has it’s office. “Who?” you might ask – LFSolutions is the company that sponsors the Northern Landscape Magazine which I, João Figueiredo, the host of the group and founder of the NLM is the founder of.

Our office stays at the Värnamo’s Gummifabriken which is Swedish for “The Rubber factory”. An old rubber factory right next to the railway station in the city of Värnamo, southern Sweden that is in the middle of a process of renovation after several years of desertion.

Right now half of the old factory is a College and business incubator but the other half – which hasn’t been renovated yet – will work as city library, cultural center, cinema center along side with several conference rooms, a restaurant and some stages for shows.

The culture center is already working “halfsteam” in some of the already built show and conference rooms.

This is the environment that surrounds the creation of the Northen Landscape Magazine.

A “knowledge-event-business-cultural” hub.

Scouts (with pride!) where I learned the true loved for nature and solve my own problems by myself. Spent around 2 years in the Portuguese army as a volunteer after I took my degree as a Multimedia Producer at the Aveiro-Norte College.

After some years of doing this and that with my professional life I felt it was time to unleash the beast and experiment something completely new. I opened the Portuguese job agency’s website and started looking for jobs outside of Portugal. I found one that matched exactly what I wanted: Sport entertainer in the Spanish Canary islands! The whole day doing sports and having fun with guests – and still get paid for it!

After about two years working in Spain was finally time to settle down. I had met my girl’s dreams and it was now time to start a family of our own. That’s when we moved to her home country: Sweden.

It was here in Sweden – after I had bought a new camera and resurrected my passion for photography – that the idea of starting my own marketing company and start the magazine was born.

Who knows what the future might bring?

LFSolutions is a company that provides 100% tailor made marketing solutions. This means that we don’t sell templates or whatsoever to our costumers. We only sell what the costumers want to have, nothing more, nothing less with the guarantee that they will not see somebody else using the same website layout or logo or flyer. Original tailor made products – that’s the business idea that so many locals still have a hard time in understanding but that so far has been working out!

As for me, the booster of this project, not much to know really. João Figueiredo is my name, born and raised in the Aveiro area in Portugal. Spent 13 years of my life in Boy

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THE ENTRY DOOR TO OUR OFFICE

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THINGS CAN GET THIS BUSY BY MY DOOR WHEN EVENTS ARE HAPPENING

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LOCATION OF OUR HEADQUARTERS SEEN FROM AIR

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GUMMIFABRIKEN

PANORAMA HDR

WANT TO SEND US A STORY ABOUT YOUR 54 • Northern Landscape Magazine

LOCAL

IMAGES AND TEXT BY JOﾃグ FIGUEIREDO

MAIL US TO: Northern Landscape Magazine 窶｢ 55 INFO@NORTHERNLANDSCAPE.ORG STORIES?

THE BIG CHALLE

21 ENTRIES 39 VOTES 1 WINNER

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7 DAYS FOR VOTING

LENGE ~ MARCH

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A VIEW IN PASSING ( 1 )

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KYNANCE COVE, CORNWALL

CULLODENMIST

LUDWIG WAGNER

9 VOTES

8 VOTES

The BIG top ten

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AUTUMN REFLECTIONS

AUTUMN IN EPPING FOREST

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LADYFI

NIGEL BANGERT

7 VOTES

5 VOTES

GRAY REFLECTIONS AND ICE PATCHES

BLACK TUSK 3

GEORGIA MIZULEVA

CHARLES KOSINA

2 VOTES

2 VOTES

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BOW RIVER HDR, CANADA

TREMBLANT IN WINTER

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ANNDIXON

YANNIK HAY

2 VOTES

2 VOTES

MUCKROSS HEAD, DONEGAL, IRELAND

NORWEGIAN FJORD IN EARLY EVENING

KALARYDER

1 VOTE

JONATHAN GODDARD

1 VOTE

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CULLODENMIST

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Featured artist

arry won our BIG Challenge for the second time. This was the first time that such thing happened. Some of our artists have won the back cover more then once but so far never anyone had manage to win the cover and magazine feature two times!

There is always a first time for everything and Larry was the first one the break this milestone: Congrats! It was a clear victory after an incredibly tight BIG Challenge where four of our artists got tied in the first place. After a tie breaker of two days with four entries (also for the first time, a tie breaker with more then two artists!) the will of our group members was clear: Larry aka cullodenmist was to win the BIG Challenge and once again take home this amazing prize! We went once again to Australia to have some coffee with Larry, chat a bit and take a look at his featured album...

# Congratulations for the win. It is the second time you win this prize, what do you have to say about that?

This win was just as unexpected as the first one… I feel honoured to be in this fantastic Magazine. But the best of all, is the company that I am keeping within this publication…

There are so many great photographers and writers out there, that I am proud to be next to them.

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INTERVIEW

Having coffee with cullodenmist + his Featured works Northern Landscape Magazine • 65

A VARIATION ON WINDMILLS IN MY MIND (3)

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# You seem to be in love with the UK but you live in Australia. How do you deal with that?

I am fourth generation Australian, but my heart and roots are all in the UK. Since I found my roots ( all the way back to 1044 AD ), I try to get back to the UK as much as possible.

As I have a fascination for Medieval History and making my own “chainmail” and armour, and also loving the scenery throughout the Northern Hemisphere, I plan my visits well ahead and then count down until I can fly back.

PEACEFULLNESS ON BARRA

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# Tell us about the winner shot!

This image was just one of many images in an ongoing set that I took in Norway…. and was taken from an advantaged viewing point on the side of a road... ...We had been to Trollstigen and across Eagles Road, and were heading back to our hotel in Geiranger.. This was looking down along the Sognefjord.

It was taken with a Panasonic Lumix G2 using a 14 – 42mm Four Thirds lens with a touch of HDR ( x3 images layered within Dynamic PhotoHDR.) and Post Op on Picasa 3

HEADING INTO MØLLA (1) -- A FRED OLSEN CRUISE SHIP

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RAINING ON THE SAGASTOL ( 2 )

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# Do you save all your old cameras?

I still have my old 35mm Pentac Spotmatic as well as the Pentax FZ30. But I rarely use them these days, now that I am into digital.

# Your shots reveal that you are a true HDR fan. When and how did this passion started?

I was first presented with HDR after I joined Red Bubble some 7 years ago.

I was fascinated by the extra dimensions it had to offer.

And when I became a good friend of Kevin Kroeker here on RB who is a genious with HDR. I asked him for some advice, and it was he who was the one that started me off…

These days I do just about everything with HDR…

A VIEW IN PASSING ( 2 )

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THE PAST IN THE PRESENT.

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UNDREDAL BRYGGE (2)

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# It is my experience that shooting in HDR requires a big deal of post processing time. How do you find time for that?

In doing HDR, I have to plan ahead to make time to sit down and do everything, as it is time consuming.

I try to carry a tripod with me everywhere I go, so-as to duplicate every image I take… But it is literally impossible to do this everywhere… So when I get back home I have to duplicate the other shots that I want at different settings before I can do the HDR treatment and what I need to do prior to uploading.

So between Duplicating, Layering, Tweaking, and Touching Up, it most definitely is taking up a lot of my time… But this is what I love to do, as it helps me relive the moment’s all over again…

# Describe me your worse shot ever!

The worst shot I have ever taken would have to be an image that I took some years ago at a local market. And it wasn’t the quality of the image but the situation.

I bought some garden sculptures to place in my garden and on the side of my house.

I then took photo’s of them and thought to give the creator some free advertising on RB and over the internet, as a personal promotion.

I then contacted the artistic creator of the sculptures to let him know what I had done, and what followed was that I nearly ended up in court on a copyright charge, All because I didn’t get his permission before I took the images.

So even if you buy something, you never own it completely... Go Figure!!!

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GOLD HILL

60N - SLEEPING ON THE EAST COAST (2)

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# Any other thoughts you want to put out there?

Always, and I mean always, make sure you get permission to take photographs where-ever and when-ever possible.

And if you can, try to get a signature on a sheet of paper with the time and place, so if you do have any problems do crop up in the future, you always have that piece of paper to fall back on saying that you were given permission at the time….

Especially if you take an image of a shop frontage / a specifically man-made item / taking images at a specific location / taking images of people in the street / etc, etc, …

Always remember, no-matter what you do in this life, treat it with respect... Learn from it, try to love it., and have fun with it...

THE BIG HOUSE AT JARLSHOF (2)

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THE BELLE TOUT LIGHTHOUSE

BERGEN FROM THE FLﾃ郎EN ( 1 )

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THE BERGEN FLØIBANEN FUNICULAR ( 3 ) BY CULLODENMIST FOLLOW

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BERGEN HARBOUR -- THE MORNING COOLNESS

THE BROCH OF MOUSA

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60N... GETTING IT RIGHT.

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.THE MS SAGAFJORD (2)

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ENJOYING THE RIDE (1)

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WANT TO BE FEATURED?

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A VIEW IN PASSING ( 1 ) BY CULLODENMIST THE WINNER OF OUR BIG CHALLENGE ~ MARCH

DON’T LOSE OUR NEXT BIG CHALLENGE! Northern Landscape Magazine • 83

Northern La Some facts

Nunavut - A nation of nat

N

unavut is the largest, northernmost and newest territory of Canada.

Nunavut is both the least populous and the largest in area of the provinces and territories of Canada. One of the most remote, sparsely settled regions in the world, it has a population of 31,906, mostly Inuit, spread over land area the size of Western Europe, Mexico, or Indonesia.

Nunavut is also home to the northernmost permanently inhabited place in the world, Alert.

The region now known as Nunavut has supported a continuous population for approximately 4000 years. Most historians also identify the coast of Baffin Island with the

Nunavut’s location inside of Canada 84 • Northern Landscape Magazine

Helluland described in Norse sagas, so it is possible that the inhabitants of the region had occasional contact with Norse sailors.

Cornwallis and Ellesmere Islands feature in the history of the Cold War in the 1950s.

Efforts to assert sovereignty in the High Arctic during the Cold War, i.e. the area’s strategic geopolitical position, were part of the reason the federal government decided to forcibly relocate Inuit from northern Quebec to Resolute and Grise Fiord. The first group of people were relocated in 1953 from Inukjuak, Quebec (then known as Port Harrison ) and from Pond Inlet, Nunavut.

They were promised homes and game to hunt, but the relocated people discovered no buildings and very little familiar wildlife.

They also had to endure weeks of 24 hour darkness during the winter, and 24 hour sunlight during the summer, something that does not occur in northern Quebec. They were told that they would be returned home after a year if they wished, but this offer was later with

andscape -

tions

drawn as it would damage Canada’s claims to sovereignty in the area and the Inuit were forced to stay. Eventually, the Inuit learned the local beluga whale migration routes and were able to survive in the area, hunting over a range of 18,000 km² (6,950 mi²) each year.

Leading up to the 1970s, there was some discussion of splitting the Northwest Territories into two separate jurisdictions in order to better reflect the demographic character of the territory. In 1966, a public commission of inquiry on Northwest Territories government reported, recommending against division of the Northwest Territories at the time.

In 1976 as part of the land claims negotiations between the Inuit Tapiriit Kanatami (then called the Inuit Tapirisat of Canada)

and the federal government, the division of the Northwest Territories was discussed. On April 14, 1982, a plebiscite on division was held throughout the Northwest Territories with a majority of the residents voting in favour and the federal government gave a conditional agreement seven months later.

The land claims agreement was decided in September 1992 and ratified by nearly 85% of the voters in Nunavut in a referendum.

On July 9, 1993, the Nunavut Land Claims Agreement Act and the Nunavut Act were passed by the Canadian Parliament, and the transition was completed on April 1, 1999.

The creation of Nunavut resulted in the first major change to Canada’s political map since the incorporation of the new province of Newfoundland and Labrador in 1949.

Nunavut’s flag Northern Landscape Magazine • 85

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Baffin Island Northeast Coast 1997-08-07 In his 2000 commissioned report (Aajiiqatigiingniq Language of Instruction Research Paper) to the Nunavut Department of Education, Ian Martin of York University states that a “long-term threat to Inuit language from English is found everywhere, and current school language policies and practices on language are contributing to that threat” if Nunavut schools follow the Northwest Territories model. He provides a 20-year language plan to create a “fully functional bilingual society, in Inuktitut and English” by 2020.

In the 2006 census it was reported that 2,305 people (7.86%) living in Nunavut had no knowledge of either official language of Canada (English or French).

The economy of Nunavut is Inuit and Territorial Government, mining, oil gas mineral exploration, arts crafts, hunting, fishing, whaling, tourism, transportation, education - Nunavut Arctic College, housing, military and research – new Canadian High Arctic Research Station CHARS in planning for Cambridge Bay and high north Alert Bay Station. Iqaluit hosts the

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annual Nunavut Mining Symposium every April, this is a tradeshow that showcases many economic activities on going in Nunavut.

Currently the people of Nunavut rely primarily on diesel fuel to run generators and heat homes, with fossil fuel shipments coming from southern Canada by plane or boat because there are few to no roads or rail links to the region. There is a government effort to use more renewable energy sources, which is generally supported by the community.

This support comes from Nunavut feeling the effects of global warming. “Climate change is very much upon us,” said Aariak. “It is affecting our hunters, the animals, the thinning of the ice is a big concern, as well as erosion from permafrost melting.” The region is warming about twice as fast as the global average, according to the UN’s Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change.

Nunavut has a Commissioner appointed by the federal Minister of Indian Affairs and Northern Development. As in the other territories, the commissioner’s role is symbolic

W

and is analogous to that of a LieutenantGovernor. While the Commissioner is not formally a representative of Canada’s head of state, a role roughly analogous to representing The Crown has accrued to the position.

Nunavut elects a single member of the Canadian House of Commons. This makes Nunavut the largest parliamentary riding in the world by area, just ahead of the American state of Alaska.

The members of the unicameral Legislative Assembly of Nunavut are elected individu- Inuit women at Ashe Inlet, 1884. ally; there are no parties and the legislature is consensus-based. The head of government, the premier of Nunavut, is elected by, and from the members of the legislative assembly. As of January 21, 2014, the Premier is Peter Taptuna.

MAGES AND TEXT FROM WIKIPEDIA USED UNDER THE FAIR USE TERMS

WANT TO SEND US YOUR FACTS? MAIL US TO: INFO@NORTHERNLANDSCAPE.ORG

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Back cover artist

L

udwig Wagner takes is home once again! Ludwig is an artist of great talent and I have the pleasure of being the host of a group where he likes to make part of and expose his artwork! Thank you Ludwig for such amazing contributions!

It was an amazing race to the end this last month where we had for the first time four artists tied on the first place! Ludwig was one of then. As a consequence he, along side with Larry, LadyFi and Nigel Bangert went on a tie breaker challenge to discuss who would after all get the cover and back covers of the magazine.

The people has spoken! This is what Ludwig has on his profile: Ludwig’s multi-faceted life experience is reflected in his art. He produces work inspired by people, objects and places – past, present and imaginary.

He was born in South Africa where he studied Art at the University of Pretoria. Ludwig worked for a few years as a teacher and then in the film industry, one of the passions of his life. He now lives in London and runs a creative agency focused on design and advertising. www.zuluspice.com

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NORTHERN LANDSCAPE ISSUE # 13 * APRIL 2014

www.northernlandscape.org

KYNANCE COVE, CORNWALL

P h oto g ra p h of Ky n a n c e Cov e o n t h e L i z a rd P e n i n s u l a , Co r nwa l l , En g l a n d U K , b y L u d w i g Wa g n e r. i P h o n e 4 S

NORTHERN LANDSCAPE MAGAZINE - ISSUE #13 APRIL 2014