Conditional Chart

USES AND FORM Conditional Sentences are formed by 2 clauses:

IF-clause or Condition

If it doesn’t rain,...

Main clause or Result

… I will go out

They are used to express that the action in the main clause can only take part if a certain condition is fulfilled.

IF

CONDITION

,

If it doesn’t rain, we will go out

RESULT

(we will go out with the condition that it doesn’t rain)

The order of the clauses can be altered.

RESULT

IF

CONDITION

We will go out if it doesn’t rain

The question structure can only be applied in the Main Clause.

What would you do if you found a gold necklace in the street? If you found a gold necklace in the street, what would you do?

TYPES OF CONDITIONALS O CONDITIONAL

IF

PRESENT SIMPLE

To describe what always happens 

1st CONDITIONAL

IF

,

PRESENT SIMPLE

If you heat ice, it melts

PRESENT SIMPLE

,

WILL + INFINITIVE

To describe what may possibly happen  If you drop that glass, it will break

2nd CONDITIONAL

IF

PAST SIMPLE

,

WOULD + INFINITIVE

To describe what is unlikely to happen  If I had a younger brother, I would teach him to play football

3rd CONDITIONAL

IF

PAST PERFECT

,

WOULD HAVE + PARTICIPLE

To describe an impossible situation  If she had answered all the questions, she would have passed the exam

MIXED CONDITIONALS IF

PAST PERFECT

,

WOULD + INFINITIVE

If I hadn’t told Mary that I didn’t love her, I would be happily married now.

IF

PAST SIMPLE

,

WOULD HAVE + PARTICIPLE

If she didn’t like pasta, she would have ordered something else.

OTHER CONNECTORS WHEN

When you heat water at 100 C, it boils.

I will call you when I arrive home.

PROVIDED / PROVIDING (THAT) WITH THE CONDITION THAT AS LONG AS

You can stay with the condition that you sleep on the couch I will go to the party as long as you go there too

IMAGINE / SUPPOSE / SUPPOSING (THAT)

Imagine that you won a million pounds, what would you do?

EVEN IF

I won’t go to the party even if they beg me

IN CASE

Take an umbrella in case it rains

UNLESS (IF NOT) It is used in positive sentences although it has a negative meaning.

Unless we get some petrol, our car won’t work If we don’t get some petrol, our car won’t work

Never use “WILL / WOULD / WOULD HAVE” in the If-clause.

If you will study, you will pass the exam Conditional sentences can have any combination of affirmative and negative clauses.

If you don’t go to the party, I will stay home.

If you don’t go to the party, I won’t go either.

If you go to the party, I won’t stay home.

If you go to the party, I will go too.

A variation of the 1st conditional is the use of the imperative or a modal verb in the result clause.

If I come to the party, I will bring some soft drinks If you come to the party, bring some soft drinks If you come to the party, you should bring some soft drinks

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form Conditional Sentences. Good luck!

1.

You __________________________(not be) angry if you had known the reason.

2.

We’ll send for the doctor if he __________________________(feel) worse.

3.

Unless they turn the radio off I __________________________(go) somewhere else.

4.

Unless it __________________________(be) a nice day we won’t go out.

5.

The grass would look better if you __________________________(take care) of it.

6.

If you leave the gate open people __________________________(get in).

7.

If you had asked her permission she __________________________(not let) you go.

8.

If we leave before the breakfast we __________________________(catch) the train.

9.

If Tom __________________________(ring), tell him I will phone him.

10.

If I __________________________(know) that you didn’t like fish, I wouldn’t have bought it.

Choose the phrase which best completes the Conditional Sentence. Good Luck!

1.

If this storm gets worse, a. we will have to come back. b. we have to come back. c. we had to come back.

8.

He will surely fail his exams a. if he not work harder. b. if he works harder. c. unless he works harder.

2.

If he comes, a. we would go to lunch. b. we will go to lunch. c. we went to lunch.

9.

They would have bought that new car a. if they had had the money. b. if they had the money. c. if they have the money.

3.

I would buy a new house a. if I have a lot of money. b. if I had a lot of money. c. If I win the lottery.

10.

Watch out! If you touch that cable, a. you will get a shock. b. you shocked. c. you have a shock.

4.

If she misses the bus, a. I will take her to school by car. b. I would take her to school by car. c. she had to walk.

11.

If I had stayed in Boston, a. I have found a new apartment. b. I would find a new apartment. c. I would have found a new apartment.

5.

If I had known you were in town, a. I would have bought you some flowers. b. I had bought you some flowers. c. I will buy you some flowers.

12.

She would help the poor a. if she is the president. b. if she will be the president. c. if she was the president.

6.

If he studies a lot, a. he would pass the exam. b. he would have passed the exam. c. he will pass the exam.

13.

We will never arrive on time a. unless you don’t hurry up. b. unless you hurry up. c. unless you hurried up.

7.

I would get a new job a. if I had been you. b. if I am you. c. if I were you.

14.

If I hadn’t known better, a. I wouldn’t trust him. b. I won’t trust him. c. I wouldn’t have trusted him.

Put the verbs in brackets into the correct tense to form Conditional Sentences. Good luck!

1. You WOULDN’T BE (not be) angry if you had known the reason.

2. We’ll send for the doctor if he FEELS (feel) worse.

3. Unless they turn the radio off I WILL GO (go) somewhere else.

4. Unless it IS (be) a nice day we won’t go out.

5. The grass would look better if you TOOK CARE (take care) of it.

6. If you leave the gate open people WILL GET IN (get in).

7. If you had asked her permission she WOULDN’T HAVE LET (not let) you go.

8. If we leave before the breakfast we WILL CATCH (catch) the train.

9. If Tom RINGS (ring), tell him I will phone him.

10. If I HAD KNOWN (know) you didn’t like the fish, I wouldn’t have bought it.

Choose the phrase which best completes the Conditional Sentence njjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjjj 1. If this storm gets worse, d. we will have to come back. e. we have to come back. f. we had to come back.

8. He will surely fail his exams a. if he not work harder. b. if he works harder. c. unless he works harder.

2. If he comes, a. we would go to lunch. b. we will go to lunch. c. we went to lunch.

9. They would have bought that new car a. if they had had the money. b. if they had the money. c. if they have the money.

3. I would buy a new house a. if I have a lot of money. b. if I had a lot of money. c. If I win the lottery.

10. Watch out! If you touch that cable, a. you will get a shock. b. you shocked. c. you have a shock.

4. If she misses the bus, a. I will take her to school by car. b. I would take her to school by car. c. she had to walk.

11. If I had stayed in Boston, a. I have found a new apartment. b. I would find a new apartment. c. I would have found a new apartment.

5. If I had known you were in town, a. I would have bought you some flowers. b. I had bought you some flowers. c. I will buy you some flowers.

12. She would help the poor a. if she is the president. b. if she will be the president. c. if she was the president.

6. If he studies a lot, a. he would pass the exam. b. he would have passed the exam. c. he will pass the exam.

13. We will never arrive on time a. unless you don’t hurry up. b. unless you hurry up. c. unless you hurried up.

7. I would get a new job a. if I had been you. b. if I am you. c. if I were you.

14. If I hadn’t known better, a. I wouldn’t trust him. b. I won’t trust him. c. I wouldn’t have trusted him.