C O N T E N T S PA G E
Building Introduction
03
Building Overview
04
Building Analysis
05
Solar Study: Exposure & Shadow
06
Thermal Analysis A
07
Thermal Analysis B
08
Visual Analysis
09
Acoustic Analysis
10
BREEAM Introduction
11
BREEAM Assessment
12
Green Building Studio
16
Building Introduction
Introduction: The Hubb is a creative industries office development which finds its e l f a t t h e h e a r t o f d e r b y ’s c i t y c e n tre. The low rise building provides working facilities offices and public services over two main floors, offering rentable areas with upper levels for companies with larger staff requirements. A main feature within the construction is the underground auditorium with a capacity of approximately 300 and features a contextual light shaft appropriately dubbed ‘ The W e l l ’.
Initial Considerations: The design aimed to satisfy many requirements under the banner of s u s t a i n a b i l i t y. T h i s h a s b e e n a t t e m p ted through early environmental considerations which establish important elements like the schemes orientation and use of materials. Designing w i t h t h i s a p p ro a c h m e a n l e s s ‘ca r b o n o ffs e t ’ t h ro u g h a ‘c e l e b rat i o n ’ o f re newable technology approaches such as Photovoltaic cell placement which tend to detract from the architectural aesthetics when added purely as an afterthought to satisfy legislation.
The initial design was to consider the angle of roof and placement of glazing to ensure high potential for collection of rain water and sufficiency of lighting to reach the desired internal spaces. Use of south facing glazing would offer direct solar gains both into the adjacent office units and to the open atrium located predominantly along the northern edge of the building. As Derby experiences rain for the majority of the year it is seen as important to utilize any environmental factors specific to the location which could help improve the
overall green ethic/outcome within the design. The following study aims to provide an indicative insight into the environmental feasibility of the building. The First floor offices will predominantly be analysed under thermal, lighting and acoustic categories to determine the degree of change needed to improve the design. The analysis will provide approximations around the elemental material cost and greenhouse gas emissions.
Building Overview
The following section provides a general overview of how the overall design will function in line with its sustainability targets. The cross section below illustrates the relationship between environmental factors and techniques employed to govern their impacts to optimize energy performance a comfort levels within the building. The numbers will r e l a t e t o t h e p o i n t s a n d e x p l a n a t i o n s o n t h e p a g e s t o f o l l o w.
Self Shading Form
Rain Water Collection
Views from Macklin Street
Thermal Mass
Underfloor Heating
Grey Water System
Internal Rain water collection point and plant bed
Internal Garden
Permeable Paving
Building Analysis Descriptions 0 1 .T h e r m a l M a s s The Entire South Façade is populated with a thickened Structural and Recycled Concrete around triple glazed windows, running the entire length (90m approx.) of the structure. The concrete h a s a h i g h h e a t c a p a c i t y, s t e a d i l y a b sorbing solar radiation, storing it and then re-emitting once the temperatures drop. The design provides a Passive approach to heating and thus reduces energy demands. All Materials will embellish sustainability where possible and aim to derive from responsible sources ultimately helping to satisfying BREEAM standards.
02.Solar Gain The Building has been orientated around the natural movement of the sun. Glazing has been placed to maximize natural day lighting and free heat during the d a y. T h e s e c t i o n i n d i c a t i v e l y d e m o n strates how roof lights would provide sufficient natural light to internal rotation spaces and planting with adequate light for photosynthesis. The positioning of roof lights provides internal lighting regardless of season. Although not illustrated The South east corner houses an open shaft forming ‘the well’ which provides natural lighting within auditorium. The buildings height is minimized as it sits toward the rear of the site, this will reduce the impact of overshading upon the other buildings around the area.
0 3 .W a t e r U s a g e A grey water harvesting system has been integrated to provide recycled water for non-potable consumption needs. As the function as mainly office use this will predominantly consists of flushing toilets. The buildings form has been designed to assist natural rain water collection for harvesting. Precipitation is guided across much of the angled roof area toward a concealed gutter which transports the rain water to the internal planting system for irrigation purposes. Any excess water can be discharged into the sewer or to the grey water system storage tank. All fixtures and fittings will be flow restricted to satisfy BREEAM requirements.
0 4 .Ve n t i l a t i o n & C o o l i n g Much of the building is open circulation space with a passive approach for cooling considered. Mechanically adjustable lower trickle vents provide a steady intake so a stack effect can be utilized. Sky lights are governed by a smart building Management system which allows operable windows to open for quick ventilation and secured night cooling during the hotter months. The Internal planting system provides natural cooling via t r a n s p i r a t i o n . I t c l e a n s e s t h e a i r, r e m o v ing C02 through photosynthesis (which has been shown to reduce occupant drowsiness) minimizing bacteria and toxins which are absorbed into the roots. The form of the building is self-shading and offers a degree of natural external shading, important for keeping cool in a changing climate.
05.Heating Retaining thermal comfort for building occupants is an integral factor in a successful design. The scheme utilizes under floor heating to respond to this requirement. The systems are reliable, efficient, require minimal maintenance and operate at reduced working temperatures (compared to that of conventional convection systems). The element is integrated over the slab within a screed a n d d i s s i p a t e s h e a t e v e n l y. T h i s n o t o n l y reduces the demand for energy but decreases particulate and dust movement, leading to increased occupant comfort. The system warms the feet first keeping the head cool; exactly what the human body requires.
06.Rainscreen Cladding System The Bespoke Cladding System (detailed below) is a fibre cement, mineral composite material with both physical and aesthetical properties. Providing a fire rating of A2 EUROclass, is anti-graffiti and has a life expectancy of 50 years. The specified clad constitutes a low carbon foot print as it is a thin, durable yet lightweight material therefor having minimal depletion on raw materials compared to that of concrete or brick. The Ve nt i l ate d fa ça d e d ef l e c t s e nv i ro n m e nta l phenomena away from the building allowing air to circulate behind the panelling increasing ventilation and internal comfort. The construction techniques aim to reduce cold bridging which combats condensation ¬and, mould growth.
07.Functional The impact of any development is felt not just on the natural environment but individually to surrounding occupants who have to live with the new structure. Reduced levels maximize key natural site vistas to retain clarity and visual identification and site/historical context. Sustainability is not just how a building operates but how it is used. The multi-functional amenities facilitate both to public and private sectors and provide ‘open’ and shared venues. The Biophilic connection of plants helps to simulate external conditions, epitomizing affinity to nature. The integration of internal planting can socially and physiologically effect working patterns. Examples inc l u d e i n c r e a s e d p r o d u c t i v i t y, r e d u c e d absenteeism and increased occupant mood. Light C02
08.Permeable Paving Initial environmental considerations outline the a large percentage of the site at risk of a 1:100 year flooding event. The Hubb was constructed above the outlined flooding level with the hard landscape design acting as a natural flood barrier to such event. Considerations have been developed and green, highly permeable spaces have been included to assist flood water dissipation. A growing concern around flooding is flash events. UK climate projections estimate drastic changes in rainfall patterns over the coming century suggesting an increased likelihood of flash urban flooding. Permeable paving coupled with the stepped side plantings allow the hard surface extra drainage capabilities when excess precipitation requires discharge.
Insulation
Removal of intersitial condensation
Rainwater removal
Minimize thermal Bridge
H 20
02
The solar Study has been conducted using the summer and winter solstice during 2015. These dates are allow the greatest range of solar movement relative to the building as all alternate transitions are contained with these extents. The winter study envelopes the greatest overshadowing as earths tilt
gives the appearance of the sun being much l o w e r i n t h e s k y. T h e s u m m e r s o l s t i c e h o w ever has a much higher trajectory bringing with it higher levels of exposure. It is during these times that risk of glare is most prominent, leading to the incorporation of shading devices.
WINTER
The solstice is an astronomical event and o c c u r s t w i c e a n n u a l l y. I t i s a p h e n o m e n a that marks the appearance of the suns highest and lowest (summer & winter respect i v e l y ) p o i n t s i n t h e s k y. I n t h e N o r t h e r n hemisphere these excursions are measured r e l a t i v e t o c e l e s t i a l e q u a t o r.
SUMMER
Solar Study: Exposure & Shadow study
S u m m e r S o l s t i c e J u n e 2 1 st 2 0 1 5 09.00
Summer Solstice June 21 2015 12.00
S u m m e r S o l s t i c e J u n e 2 1 st 2 0 1 5 18.00
The Early Morning sun allows high levels of light to penetrate through the structures rippling shell configuration via the overlapping glazed areas. Large windows are present along the eastern façade which encourages high solar gain first thing in the morning also complementing the internal functionality (office areas). Internal planting (see cross section & Plans, Concept Booklet) is given sunlight in the early morning hours as specific demolition within the MasterPlan (see master planning booklet) will allow light into the site from the east. An issue with increased lux levels may occur where large expanses of glazing are lacking in shade resulting in a glare during this time period. Unwanted glare may be resolved using self-shading /photo reactive glass, or internal fit outs such as blinds.
The position of the summer midday sun completely covers the building over this timeframe. Minimal over shadowing would be felt from the housing along Macklin Street thus the design should be fully aware of the solar gain potential. The building south façade holds the key to designing the thermal mass corr e c t l y. T h i s a s p e c t w i l l b e e x p l o r e d f u r t h e r i n t h e f o l l o w i n g t h e rmal section. The angle of the roof has been designed to appear perpendicular to incidental solar radiation (Photovoltaic cells could potentially operate optimally) allowing a workable platform in which appropriately placed glazing can be integrated. As the entire roof space becomes illuminated around these times the positioning of glazing is, in a sense, less restricted.
The design of the buildings form caters more for early morning and afternoon sun. It is during these periods of the day were gains can be maximized. As the sun travels west the structure leans away from the light creating potential cold zones in front of the building. Although the illustration suggests the northwest corner will receive adequate lighting at these times, the surrounding urban environment has major restrictions on available l i g h t i n g l e v e l s . N a t u r a l L i g h t i s , h o w e v e r, s t i l l o b t a i n a b l e t h r o u g h the roof glazing which would provide a soft evening backlight during the summer months.
W i n t e r S o l s t i c e D e c e m b e r 2 2 nd 2015 9.00
W i n t e r S o l s t i c e D e c e m b e r 2 2 nd 2015 12.00
W i n t e r S o l s t i c e D e c e m b e r 2 2 nd 2015 15.00
S u m m e r S o l s t i c e J u n e 2 1 st 2 0 1 5 1 2 . 0 0
The contrast in summer and winter solar trajectories may have consequential implications on the areas of the building suitable for glazing. Although the northwest façade requires north light for the contained offices the entire wing of the building lacks is p a s s i v e d e s i g n s t r a t e g y. C o m f o r t l e v e l w i l l b e d e p e n d e n t o n w e l l integrated services such as the under floor heating system described on the previous page. The sun rises around the site later during this time of year yet will provide similar levels of solar gain to the east & south façade and it circulates toward a late afternoon position.
During the winter season, although not evident in the depictions above terraced housing to the south, along the extent of Macklin Street creates overshadowing which will be present on the building. This will have impact on lighting and thermal design necessitating precaution and consideration in respect to materialit y. R e - O r i e n t a t i o n o r s l i g h t m o v e m e n t i n t h e s t r u c t u r e s o v e r a l l location could help to maximize the availability of winter solar radiation but would simultaneously create further overshadowing to any building north of the Hubb. Therein lies a challenge; deciphering (probably through a trail an error process) the optimal position to maximize winter sun and minimize the resultant shading impacts.
The entire Northern Façade remains cast in shadow througho u t m o s t o f t h e d a y. A s p r e v i o u s l y m e n t i o n e d t h i s i s e m p h a s i z e d through the overhanging form of the building. The Sun will also set much earlier in the day during this season, this means that the limited energy collected and stored is re-emitted as heat and will quickly be absorbed by the much colder environment. It is imperative high levels of insulation populate the roof and walls to conserve as much of this ‘free’ energy as possible.
Lighting Analysis Lighting analysis was undertaken across the areas associated with the south and east façades of the building. An integral aspect of any successful scheme is the optimal reduction in artificial lighting levels within a given space. The Initial design was developed to ensure the offices units were allowed increased levels of daylight to achieve the recommended lux levels (approximately ranging anywhere between 250-1000 lux depending on the type of work undertaken) the integration of bespoke window placement along the faces can be seen in the elevations. These windows have been measured and incorporated within the simulation model as basic geometric shapes to avoid over complications.
East Elevation
South Elevation
Simulation 1: Initial Lighting Levels.
Simulation 2: Roof light inclusion
The form of the building allows the strategic insertion of glazing along the ‘fins’ (Image A). These w h e r e r e p r e s e n t e d a s b a s i c s k y l i g h t s i n s e r t e d o v e r t h e t h r e e s o u t h e a s t s p a c e s .T h e l a r g e s t o f f i c e space shows agreeable lux levels (in the region of 1000lux). This is due to the fact the glazing size and positioning was designed to consider a mezzanine floor hanging over a large portion of the space (See concept booklet for plans). Although not included in the simulation this floor would greatly decrease the availability of natural light hence lowering light levels so ultimately an increased window size would remain beneficial. Simulation 2 incorporates the skylights mentioned above. A direct result of this can be measured in the results: Natural lighting levels increased from 637.49 lux to 706.53 lux. Ensuring the internal finishes of each space has the required reflectance will optimize daylight availability and further reduce the need for artificial lighting. An average daylight factor calculated for both simulations was maintained around approximately 14.5% (negligible discrepancies). This Exceeds the recommended daylight factor for general office use (Approximately 5% (McMullan, 2007)) although when considering the proposed position of the building relative to terraced houses on Macklin Street (south of building) it can be assumed the daylight factor w o u l d b e r e d u c e d c o n s i d e r a b l y. The Final Lighting Simulation demonstrates the change in lighting levels to achieve the lux levels necessary using artificial lighting. The use of electric lights simultaneously resolve the lack of illumination toward the rear wall of the rooms and offer light to the user during the evening or at night.
Image A: View of Rooflights
The lighting scheme should conform holistically to the end user requirements. Working areas situated within close proximity of sufficient lighting levels should be operable on a separate circuit to main lighting. This allows the independent operation of artificial lighting thus tailoring the environment more accurately to user needs and reducing unnecessary overhead cost.
The functionality within the building will be governed predominant via the use of computers however some avrea will require extra light for specific tasks such as drawing. A required lux level of 500 has therefor been assumed. Preliminary design (outlined in lighting analysis 1) shows natural lighting levels for the office spaces generally in the region of between 99-500 lux. Functionally this is acceptable however the lower light levels, particularly toward the rear of the spaces tend to diminish and would n o t r e a l i s t i c a l l y b e s a t i s f a c t o r y.
Simulation 3: Artificial Lighting INtergration
Thermal Analysis A The Urban environment in which the development is contained presents a range of design challenges when trying to design sustaina b l y. R a t i o n a l e i n e a r l y d e s i g n c o n s i d e r a t i o n s w a s t o l o c a t e t h e m a j o r i t y o r w o r k i n g a r e a s a d j a c e n t t o t h e s o u t h e l e v a t i o n . T h i s w a s an attempt to maximize the level of available solar gain being received along this face allowing thermal transmittance into office spaces. Allocating glazed areas to the portions of the façade with rooms behind will provide heat and light to the occupant. The initial Simulation analyses the peak extremes temperatures provided through the weather files (these dates are indicated on the relative g r a p h s ) . U s i n g a b r o a d d e m o g r a p h i c w i l l a l l o w i d e n t i f i c a t i o n o f t h e m o s t d i f f i c u l t c i r c u m s t a n c e s t o d e s i g n f o r. I f t h e s e e n v i r o n m e n tal temperatures can be satisfied it can be assumed thermal comfort requirements for all temperatures between these extremes are also fulfilled. The Model was zoned such that (image A) individual analysis could be undertaken across different spaces if nece s s a r y. T h e s t e e l f r a m e d w a l l c l a d d i n g s y s t e m u s e d i n t h e m a t e r i a l c r e a t i o n c o n s i s t e d o f t h e f o l l o w i n g : 8mm Cement Fibre Cladding, 40mm Air Gap, 100mm Rigid Insulation, 180mm Air Gap, 100mm Batting insulation, 12.5mm Plaster U - Va l u e 0 . 2 8 W h / m 2 k . This was used as the primary material for the first thermal calculation and introduced Double Glazed Aluminium framed windows at a U - Va l u e o f 2 . 2 W h / m 2 k . T h e s i ze s o f t h e w i n d o w s w h e re a p p rox i m a t e d u s i n g t h e o r i g i n a l S ke t c h U p M o d e l a s re fe re n c e .
P e a k H e a t H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e C
HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 10 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
P e a k C o l d H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e Thursday 16th August (228) - Birmingham, England - UK
W/m2
C
HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 10 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
Saturday 17th February (48) - Birmingham, England - UK
W/m2
40
2.0k
40
2.0k
30
1.6k
30
1.6k
20
1.2k
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1.2k
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0.8k
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0.8k
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-10
-10
0 2 Outside Temp.
4 Beam Solar
6
8 Diffuse Solar
10 12 Wind Speed
14 Zone Temp.
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18 Selected Zone
20
22
Peak Heat Hourly Gains Profile W
HOURLY GAINS - All Visible Thermal Zones
0 2 Outside Temp.
Thursday 16th August (228) - Birmingham, England - UK
W 40000
12000
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Peak Cold Hourly Gains Profile
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20000
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14 Ventilation
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HOURLY GAINS - All Visible Thermal Zones
0 HVAC Load
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4 Conduction
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Saturday 17th February (48) - Birmingham, England - UK
8 SolAir lAir
10 12 Direct Solar
14 Ventilation Ventilatio
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20 22 Inter-Zonal
Initial simulation results for peak summer time temperatures do not illustrate a problem with regards to levels of thermal comfort. The peak hourly temperature profile indicates the construction type helps m a i n t a i n a n e v e n t e m p e r a t u r e t h r o u g h o u t t h e d a y, e v e n p r o v i n g a n e l e m e n t o f c o o l i n g a s t h e d a y t i m e t e m p e r a t u r e p e a k s t o j u s t u n d e r 3 0 ° C . T h i s r e t a i n s b e n e f i t s f o r t h e u s e r m u c h r e c e n t s t u d y o n c l i m a t e change within the UK predict overheating, especially in new lightweight ‘super insulated’ steel structures such as this one to be a seriously underestimated threat. The Graph outlining the peak hourly gains profile allows identification of the means in which heat transpires within the thermal zones. Direct solar gains, as expected can be seen so gradually rise with the day time temperature, trailing off as the sun sets with clear gains being provided internally via IT systems and people. It can be assumed that during these times some form of ventilation (preferably passive) should be employed to help control the internal environment. It is only when analysis of Peak Cold is considered that the pertinence for a heating system and more efficient materials are observable. As the outside temperature lingers under freezing conditions until late m o r n i n g t h e i n t e r n a l t e m p e r a t u r e p r o f i l e o n l y m a i n t a i n s a d i f fe r e n c e o f 5 ° C . A s t h e d a y w a r m s l i g h t l y t o a r o u n d 6 ° C i n t e r n a l t e m p e r a t u r e s f o l l o w. A s i n d i c a t e d w i t h t h e c o l o u r e d z o n e s , t h e s e t e m p e r a t u r e a m u c h t o o l o w f o r h u m a n c o m f o r t l e v e l s . T h e h o u r l y g a i n s g r a p h a l l o w s r e c o g n i t i o n i n a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1 5 0 0 0 w a t t s o f a v a i l a b l e s o l a r g a i n s d u r i n g t h e w a r m e s t p a r t s o f t h e d a y. T h i s c o u l d b e u t i l i z e d i f m a t e r i a l was given a higher thermal mass.
Thermal Analysis B From the previous calculations it was concluded that changes were necessary to enhance the thermal coherence of the structure. The peak cold hourly gain/losses profile graph identifies huge thermal losses (averaging 30,000 watts) flowing through the walls. It can be assumed the fault lies with the large open expanses of glazing integrated along the south face of the building. The Original glazing was too large and in fact would restrict the necessary placement of steel beams when the structure was rationalized. The overall size and specification of the glazed areas were decreased by approximately 50%, introducing highly efficient triple glazed (the glass would indicatively have a coating on face 3 and 5. Both cavities would be argon filled and the middle leaf should be toughened to ensure thermal safety) although this will restrict direct solar gains and possibly increase the requirement for artificial lighting, it is a necessary sacrifice when large levels of thermal comfort are to be gained. The wall Constituents were altered along the south façade utilizing the same principal clad system but changing the main structural element from steel to concrete. The following wall construction utilized was as follows: 8mm Cement Fibre Cladding, 50mm Air Gap, 350mm Concrete 200mm batting insulation, 12.5mm plaster with an overall U Va l u e o f 0 . 2 W h / m 2 k .
P e a k H e a t H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e C
HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 9 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
P e a k C o l d H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e Thursday 16th August (228) - Birmingham, England - UK
W/m2
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HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 9 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
Saturday 17th February (48) - Birmingham, England - UK
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2.0k
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P e a k H e a t H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e : N a t u r a l V e n t i l a t i o n C
HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 9 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
Thursday 16th August (228) - Birmingham, England - UK
0 2 Outside Temp.
4 Beam Solar
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8 Diffuse Solar
10 12 Wind Speed
14 Zone Temp.
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18 Selected Zone
20
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0.0k
P e a k C o l d H o u r l y Te m p e r a t u r e P r o f i l e : H e a t e d i n Z o n e 9 W/m2
C
HOURLY TEMPERATURES - Unit 9 NOTE: Values shown are environment temperatures, not air temperatures.
Monday 31st December (365) - Birmingham, England - UK
W/m2
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2.0k
40
2.0k
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0.8k
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It can be seen in the peak heat hourly temperature profile graph as small increase in average internal temperature has been induced when compared with the original calculation. The difference however can be defined as negligible. Internal comfort temperatures in this country tend to become compromised when they raise much above 25°C. Although, in this simulation this temperature has been maintained, natural ventilation has been added to the zones as a precaution and has shown to decrease temperatures in all zones by around 2°C. Although a seemingly small change it can make the difference in between a comfortable and uncomfortable internal environment. The Main benefits of the building material and glazing adjustments is more evident during the Peak Cold hourly temperature profiling. When compared with the initial Simulation average internal temperatures have increased dramatically by an average of approximately 7°C. Although this increase is still not adequate for a comfortable internal environment it radically decreasing the loading stress on the heating systems thus major energy savings will be achieved. A basic heating system was applied within zone 9 for the final Calculation. After the occupancy patterns where described the graph illustrates the contrast between the heated area and those unheated. As the building is used the under floor heating system would turn on, evenly applying heat across the space until at approximately 09.00 where comfort is established and maintained. After office hours the system shuts down. This is reflected via the blue line within the graph.
Visual Analysis Visual Simulation A
Visual Simulation B
An initial set of visual simulations where undertaken to assess the visibility of exits around the circulation space. Like the pervious simulation the floor plan is stacked therefor analysis across one plain describes visibility parameter effectively for all floors. Simulation A depicts a restricted view of the south west exit; the angular nature of the design will inevitably be restricting with respect to field of v i e w. A l t h o u g h t h i s m a y b a r e a p h y s i o l o g i c a l i n f r i n g e m e n t ( h e i g h t e n i n g t h e u s e r ’s s e n s e o f e n c l o s u r e ) i t d o e s n o t r e -
Visual Simulation D
The Hubb was designed with the principles of interconnectivity with flowing movement running uninterrupted inside the awkward angular space. This is symbolized by the first floor bridge relating different areas within the structure. An important feature within the building w a s t h e u s e r ’s a w a r e n e s s o f h i s e n v i r o n ment. This was catalysed through the use of large floor to ceiling irregular ‘slit ’
Visual Simulation C
strict the design function in any practical sense. The use of high open ceilings containing large roof lights coupled with an internal green space should also be enough to combat any sense of restriction or enclosure experienced by the occupant. B o t h S i m u l a t i o n B & C a r e m o d e r a t e l y s e l f - e x p l a n a t o r y, t h e y illustrate views of the south (Macklin Street) Exit/Entrance a n d m a i n e n t r a n c e r e s p e c t i v e l y, r e l a t i v e t o a n y i n t e r n a l p o s i t i o n o v e r t h e f i r s t f l o o r. I t i s a l s o w o r t h m e n t i o n i n g t h a t
Visual Simulation E
windows; arranged between the shells like plates of the structure. It was important that these features relate to the occupant so the decision to include an open atrium space running adjacent to the south offices meant that these windows were constantly visible through the entire east segment. A following visual simulation was run against the overall visibility of the glazed openings. Analysis encompasses an indica-
the walk over bridge (see concept booklet for scaled plans) will inhibit visibility of the main entrance (Simulation A) as it cantilevers out to form the main entrance overhang. The results of the study will assist the design and developm e n t o f a c o h e r e n t f i r e s t r a t e g y, s i g h t l i n e l i m i t a t i o n s c a n be addressed using appropriately placed fire escape signage.
Visual Simulation F
tive range of visual limitation; the brighter squares represent areas where the visual range exceeds 5m. The simulation identifies the visibility of glazing from anywhere within the building and therefor identifies t h e u s e r ’s a b i l i t y t o e n g a g e c o n t e x t u a l l y with the site. Although the calculations are consistent with the first floor the nature of architectural plan allows assumption in the fact that analysis over the ground floor will
Visual Simulation G
render very similar results. Although visibility appears relatively high, the integration of the internal garden coupled with the over walk bridge will restrict direct views of these windows from any point west of the rear Macklin street entrance. The visibility analysis is also a good indication of the natural northern light patterns to enter the building at this angle. It would however be necessary to confirm this
Acoustic Analysis The Auditorium was originally designed to accommodate approximately 200 people but as the design developed the potential for an increased capacity was identified. The triangular shape instinctively assists the movement of sound up toward the rear of the space. Acoustic Analysis was undertaken with the auditorium space. illustrates a ‘linked acoustic ray simulation’ which helps visualize how materials interact with sound. The point source was established at the base of the room toward the south east corner (See Visualisation A) w h e r e b y s o u n d w a v e s a t t e n u a t e a w a y f r o m t h e s p e a k e r. ( A m p l i t u d e d e c r e a s e s a n d s o u n d level drops except for some absorption in the air) The way in which the sound propagates through the air can be determined by a range of variables. The type of material/object reflecting sound directly (or indirectly) in the path of a sound wave can regulate the quality n o i s e e x p e r i e n c e d b y t h e l i s t e n e r. E a c h s t e p o r l e v e l w i t h i n t h e a u d i t o r i u m h a s b e e n c l a s sified as a sound reflector along with the walls and ceilings assist in how the sound waves behave within the space.
Diagram C Particulate Behaviour
Diagram A: Linked Acoustic Analysis
Diagram B: Point Source Location
Graph A
The Image above (Diagram C) describes a Particulate simulation and shows the types and ratio of reflection that can expected within the auditorium. The rear wall displays a large p r o p o r t i o n o f ‘ u s e f u l ’ ( Ye l l o w ) s u r f a c e i n c i d e n t a l s a l t h o u g h t h e a n a l y s i s h a s n o t y e t c o n sidered levels of absorption. The Sound Intensity from a point source tends to diminish within an inversely proportionate relationship to the square of the distance travelled (McMullan, 2007). This phenomenon is observed when the sound waves experience no interruptions. Human Speech is of course highly varied but normally exists within the range of approximately 75-150 for men & 150-300 for women. The average decay curves for each frequency give an accurate indication of the actual reverberation time within the enclosure. Graph A describes an almost proportional relationship between the decay of sound and the frequency at which it is admitted. The frequency range of the human voice is shown to have a rapid decay within the space, increasing the requirement for strategically placed surfaces which will assist the sound in its travel. It is vital however the due consideration be paid to the absorption c o e f f i c i e n t o f m a t e r i a l s s o a s n o t t o c r e a t e a n a r e a w h i c h ‘ o v e r e c h o e s ’.
Visual A
Visual B
BEEAM Office Assesment 2008 Introduction B R E E A M ( B u i l d i n g R e s e a r c h E s t a b l i s h m e n t ’s E n v i r o n m e n t a l A s s e s s m e n t M e t h o d ) i s a l e a d i n g e n v i r o n m e n t a l a s s e s s ment method. Since 1990 the system has given credibility and recognition in sustainability for over a quarter of a million buildings in over 50 countries. The process sets standards for best practice procedures regarding environmentally conscience design and sustainable construction. Credits are awarded for the success of the building across 10 categories which break down and define the constituents of the building process.
Summary of BREEAM Catagories
The Process is varied slightly across different sectors as the overall method and process is different. Scheme documents have been produced which accurately detail these differences. The most recent of which is the ‘BREEAM i n t e r n a t i o n a l N e w C o n s t r u c t i o n Te c h n i c a l M a n u a l ’ w h i c h o u t l i n e s s t a n d a r d s f o r c o u n t r i e s l a c k i n g i n n a t i o n a l scheme operation. The Scheme went live on the 1st June 2013. Ta b l e 1 s u m m a r i z e s t h e c a t e g o r i e s a n d t h e c o r r e s p o n d i n g b r e a k d o w n s . T h e p r o c e s s s e e k s e n v i r o n m e n t a l i m p a c t mitigation with categories targets outlining key performance indicators. An increased degree of target satisfaction generally translates as an improved BREEAM credit score. The minimum standards align themselves with current building regulation requirements. For The development of the HUBB, Beckets Well Derby the Non-Domestic BREEAM (offices) process will be utilized. The Assessment is divided into two categories, Design stage and post construction stage assessment. The Hubb will be assessed logically in correspondence to the design stage assessment were unknown information will be a s s u m e d a n d c o m e i n t h e f o r m o f i n t e n t . F i n a l ‘A s B u i l t ’ B R E E A M a c c r e d i t a t i o n c a n o n l y b e a w a r d e d a f t e r t h e p o s t construction assessment is complete. It is also not unusual for discrepancies to exist between the two assessment stages, hence the relevance of both. To c a l c u l a t e t h e d e s i g n s t a g e B R E E A M r a t i n g a n a p p r o v e d a s s e s s o r i s a p p o i n t e d . T h e A s s e s s o r f o l l o w s a p r o c e s s d e t e r m i n e d i n a c c o r d a n c e w i t h B R E E A M ’s a s s e s s m e n t c r i t e r i a . E a c h s e c t i o n i s a s s e s s e d i n t u r n t o c a l c u l a t e t h e number of credits achieved. The number of awarded credits is then multiplied by the appropriate category weighti n g ; t h i s c a n v a r y d e p e n d i n g o n b u i l d t y p e ( S e e Ta b l e X X ) A l l s c o r e s a r e a m a l g a m a t e d p r o d u c i n g a n o v e r a l l B R E E A M total which is then cross referenced to the scoring benchmarks in order to achieve an overall BREEAM rating. An indicative BREEAM assessment has been undertaken over the following pages. It should be understood that the assessment is to be read in conjunction with the supporting documentation whereby illustrations, details, plans and any additional information may help give the study more context.
Minimum
BREEAM Standards
The HUBB Bckets Well BEEAM Office Assesment 2008 Management MAN1: Commissioning Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 2 The Development requires appropriate appointment of project team members, be carried out in compliance with current building regulations and comply with all relevant legislation. Te c h n i c a l S p e c i a l i s t h a s b e e n a p p o i n t e d d u r i n g t h e d e s i g n phase to ensure full technical design compliance and have taken part in all relevant design reviews. (Minimum Standards apply)Seasonal commissioning responsibilities cover the development over the 12month post occupancy timeframe & full load testing is to be carried out on specialist systems; Specialist systems for the HUBB will involve an intelligent building management system. A full review of ‘simple Systems’ will be undertaken at 3 month intervals up to 9 months after completion. (Requires achievement of first credit) MAN2: Considerate Constructors Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 2 The Contractor appointed for the Beckets well development has complied with and achieved formal certification under the considerate constructors scheme (CCS) and has achieved a CCS Code of Considerate Practice score between 32 and 35.5. (Minimum Standards apply) Contractor and development team would provide full supporting documentation for this assessment. MAN3: Construction Site Impacts Credits Available:4 Credits Achieved:4 All four credits can be achieved within this category providing 80% of the listed requirements concerning an environmentally conscious construction process. The contractor will require an environmental materials policy and operate an env i r o n m e n t a l m a n a g e m e n t p o l i c y. T h i s w i l l b e s t r e a m e d l i n e d in the design process through an environmental specification process. Reports Monitoring CO2 and energy consumption for site activities, transportation and water consumption will all be utilized in order to reduce the constructions carbon footprint. Past practice techniques concerning application of dust sheets and consumption/disruption of ground water will be implemented as a result of calculated method statements. MAN4: Building User Guide Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 The Contractor is to provide the occupant with a non-technical provision of guidance to enhance to the overall understanding of the development. Stakeholders will also receive the guidance documentation which is to contain information on the ventilation and under floor heating system. It location of and provide guidance around the BMS. Water harvesting and internal garden facilities should be explained in detail within the report emergency procedures such as fire strategies outlines. The report will also cover waste, materials, and transport facilities. All correct documentation is to be prov i d e d a t h a n d o v e r b y t h e c o n t r a c t o r.
MAN8: Security Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 The design team have consulted the local Police Architectural Liaison office (ALO) and have designed out numerous features to minimize the risk of crime. This has been conducted in accordance to ‘Secured by Design Principals. Design Alteration via the ALO feature in the final proposal. Extra features such as anti-graffiti cladding and solar powered 24h step lighting h a v e b e e n i n c l u d e d t o d i s c o u r a g e a n t i - s o c i a l b e h a v i o u r. Please refer to concept development & technical design booklet for complete design details
Health & Wellbeing HEA1: Daylighting Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Daylight analysis conducted over lettable office floor area is more than adequately illuminated offering an average daylight factor of more than 2%. Given the obtuse dimensions of the structure positioning of internal spaces will dictate the overall daylight allowances and will be bespoke in each individual case. Large glazed façades however have been integrated for every office space, a small portion of which allow sky visibility from a desk height of 0.7m through large bespoke skylights. Please refer to concept booklet for plans and elevations illustrating the above HEA2: View Out Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All relevant areas within the scheme are within a 7m distance of a wall containing a window or permanent opening which p r o v i d e s a n a d e q u a t e v i e w. A l l w i n d o w s w i t h i n t h e s c h e m e are ≥20% of their containing wall. Please refer to concept booklet for plans and elevations illustrating the above HEA3: Glare Control Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 The glazing specified for all areas at risk form glare will contain a photo-reactive pigment which allows self-shading facilities for the occupant. These will also be integrated within the BMS which will be fully explained in the hand over guidance. Furthermore, blinds will be specified in areas at risk of glare along with other internal fixtures providing a more intuitive internal environment. HEA4: High Frequency Lighting Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All internal fluorescent and compact fluorescent lamps have been specified with high frequency ballast to reduce the health problems related to the flickering of lights. This is a m a n d a t o r y r e q u i r e m e n t w i t h i n t h i s c a t e g o r y.
HEA5: Internal and External lighting Levels Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All illuminance and lighting levels for internal and external spaces have been specified to comply with CIBSE Code for lighting 2006 and for the majority of spaces which utilize IT CIBSE lighting guide 7 has been referred to in order to reduce computer monitor reflection/glare and increase up lighting for ceiling illumination. HEA6: Lighting zones and controls Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All lighting has been zoned for specific building operations and pre-programmed into the BMS to complement the schemes multi-functional facilities. As outlined in the lighting analysis areas within office spaces will be individually operable as large glazed areas typically provide adequate lighting for working conditions. The auditorium lighting schemes h a v e b e e n z o n e d a c c o r d i n g l y. H EA 7 : Po te nt i a l fo r n at u ra l Ve nt i l at i o n Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Occupied spaces within building have been designed with the capacity to facilitate the occupant with fresh air entirely through a natural ventilation system. The open able window area is equivalent to 5% of the gross internal floor area for the majority of office spaces. In areas where depth is between 7-15m (Office unit 13) the skylight overhead will be adapted to allow operability via a accessible switch. All units are connected via the central circulation space where passive stack ventilation techniques are combined with transpirational plant cooling to provide natural air conditioning. Office doors open to allow heat transfer between such areas. HEA8: Indoor Air Quality Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 0 No credit can be awarded under the category criteria regardless of the inclusion of a plantation systems design to naturally cleanse air particles. Although a large percentage of the building exceeds the minimum requirement of 10m for window distance form pollutant sources the majority of office spaces look directly onto Macklin Street and the flow of light traffic. H EA 9: Vo l at i l e O rga n i c C o m p o u n d s Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All internal finishes comply with the relevant European standards for minimum volatile organic compound emission. Solid wood panelling specified as within the auditorium complies with BS EN 13986:200418. All suspended ceiling tiles comply with BS EN 13964:200422. All decorative paints and varnishes will comply with BS EN 13300:200129
The HUBB Bckets Well BEEAM Office Assesment 2008 HEA10: Thermal Comfort Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Initial Thermal modelling has been carried out (exampled within booklet) with a coherent full dynamic evaluation to be undertaken in compliance with CIBSE AM11 Building Energy and Environment Modelling. The initial modelling demonstrates that the design can provide thermal comfort in occupied spaces in accordance to CIBSE Guide A Environmental Design. See thermal study on page 09 outlining peak summer and winter temperatures. HEA11: Thermal Zoning Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 As described previously the proposed heating and cooling system has been designed to allow the occupant full control over thermal and lighting zones. A building management system is operable via a main control room and is regularly monitored and maintained (MAN1) Zones can also be operated independently of one another where user input will override and current thermal setting determined at the main control interface. HEA12: Microbial Contamination Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All water systems within the scheme are designed in compliance with precautions described with the health and safety E xe c u t i v e ’s L e g i o n n a i r e s d i s e a s e - T h e C o n t r o l o f l e g i o n e l l a bacteria in water systems” approved code of Practice and guidance, 2000 and no humidification processes have been specified.
and display the energy consumption of all services provided for the space including the energy usage from IT equipment. E N E 5 : L o w o r Z e r o C a r b o n Te c h n o l o g i e s Credits Available: 3 Credits Achieved: 1 A feasibility study has been undertaken via an energy specialist and appropriate placement of LZC energy technologies have been agreed with the land users and client. Solar panels will be mounted upon surrounding developments to provide power to external lighting around the beckets well development. All considerations under the BREEAM compliance notes have been satisfied, evident documentation can be found in the master planning booklet) ENE8: Lifts Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 2 A internal transport and circulation analysis has been conducted by the design team and a lift has been specified which operates on standby mode during off peak ties, provides varied voltage and carriage movement speeds and provided energy efficient lighting (>60 Lumens/watt).
Tra n s p o r t
Energy
T R A 1 : P ro v i s i o n o f P u b l i c Tra n s p o r t Credits Available: 3 Credits Achieved: 3 Public transport routes are situated approximately 100m from the development and integrate fully with Derby transportation systems. The public transport Accessibility index for the building has been calculated in accordance with BREEAM requirements (transportation and typical building operational times fully coincide)
ENE1: Reduction of CO2 Emission Credits Available: 1 5 Credits Achieved: 8 Once the Building Co2 Rating had been fully determined it can be compared with the EPC (energy performance rating) and cross referenced with against the BREEAM requirements. (as this is unknown for the project an estimated score of 31 for the CO2 index has been assumed)
TRA2: Proximity to amenities Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 As the HUBB is located within Derby City centre it is fully c o m p l i a n t w i t h t h i s c a t e g o r y. T h e d e v e l o p m e n t e x i s t s w i t h i n close proximity (Under 500m) of a multitude of shops, food outlets cash points etc.
ENE2: Sub-metering of Substantial Energy Uses Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 The building management system will include an energy monitoring display that is publically displayed within the circulation space. Performance indicators will be displayed for Space heating, Cooling, and Lighting where sub monitoring of energy consumption is visually displayed. Readings c a n a l s o b e t a ke n v i a t h i s d i s p l a y. ENE3: Sub-metering of Substantial Energy Uses Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Te n a n t s w i l l h a v e t h e o p t i o n t o i n t e r l i n k a s u b m e t e r i n g energy monitoring system which allows private monitoring of energy use specifically for that tenant. This will observe
TRA3: Cyclist Facilities Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 1 Space for cycle stores have been provided in the adjacent car parking facilities for 10% of the building users (typically around 200, not including auditorium at full capacity) TRA4: Pedestrian and Cyclist Safety Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 The MasterPlan Development has considered the development of a new cycle route located on Colyear Street. The areas are to be resurfaced and vehicular access is to be restricted. Access to the multi-storey car park specifically for cars has been relocated to Becket Street. Cycle access how ever has been maintained to encourage usage. All cycle
routes have been designed incompliance with National Cycle Network Guidelines and Practical Details – issue 2. See MasterPlan development booklet for detailed plans of proposed access routes. T R A 5 : Trave l P l a n Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 A travel plan has been executed and fully considered within the Hubb development. Detailed information regarding access can be identified within the master planning booklet. Cycle strorage facilities have been provided with well-designed landscaping integrates inself into the area which provides a more pleasant experience for pedestrians. Main vehicular access routes around the area have been pedestrianized.
Water WAT 1 : W a t e r C o n s u m p t i o n Credits Available: 3 Credits Achieved: 3 The scheme will integrate a rainwater harvesting system which aims to irrigate the internal planting provisions. This will be an independently operational system. Grey water harvesting facilitates will be utilized for the flushing of all urinals and WCs. Flow rates and sanitary fittings will be analysed to provide a water consumption figure, It has been assumed <1.5 m3 Per person per year has been achieved within this development. WAT 2 : W a t e r M e t e r Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 A water metering system has been specified for inclusion for services within the HUBB. A metering systems with a pulsed output is to be fully integrated within the Building management system for accurate monitoring of water consumption to encourage the reduction of water use. WAT 3 : M a j o r L e a k D e t e c t i o n Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 A fully compliant ‘Leak Detection system’ is included within the building management system whereby all major connections have sensors which activate audible alarms if leaks are detected. WAT 4 : M a j o r S a n i t a r y S u p p l y S h u t O f f Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Anti-internal flood sensing equipment has been specified within all toilet facilities for the development. Solenoid valves and anti-back flow valves have been specified for instillation on the water soppy to each toilet. The control of f l o w i s l i n ke d w i t h i n f r a r e d s e n s o r s f o r e a c h t o i l e t f a c i l i t y. Materials
The HUBB Bckets Well BEEAM Office Assesment 2008
M AT 7 : D e s i g n i n g f o r R o b u s t n e s s Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 A highly robust anti-wear floor finishes has been specified for overhanging walkway and atrium areas which are subject to high levels of pedestrian movement.
Waste WST1: Construction Site Waste Management Credits Available: 4 Credits Achieved: 2 The non-hazardous waste generated during the construction process (excluding demolition and excavation waste) will not exceed 16.6m3 or 8.5 tonnes (Whichever is more applicable). The contractor has established an appropriate Site
WST6: Floor Finishes Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 All Spaces which house tenants have been fully conversed and agreement of material selection with regard to full internal fit out works has been confirmed. This reduces the risk of unwanted/waste materials.
Land Use and Ecology LE1: Reuse of Land Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 Due to the Nature of the site 100% of the buildings footprint is located on brownfield. The site had previously been developed for commercial use within the 50 year time frame stipulated. Refer to MasterPlan booklet for historical studies. LE4: Mitigating Ecological Impact Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 2 The MasterPlan proposes three bays of plant work to run along the east side of most developments within Beckets well master plan. Main grassed areas have been proposed for the lower plaza levels with bio diverse green roofs integrated over many of the underused building in the surrounding area. (Classed as the site) 2 credits have been achieved as the change in ecological value of the site is greater than zero plant species despite the relocation of three trees
PO5: Flood Risk Credits Available: 3 Credits Achieved: 3 The Beckets well in its entirety is located within a flood risk a r e a , t h e H U B B d e v e l o p m e n t i t s s e l f l i e s o n t h e b o u n d a r y. As the landscaping for the development will alter the water c o u r s e a n d t h e l e v e l o f a c c e s s i b i l i t y f o r f l u v i a l f l o o d w a t e r, the risk and impact flooding will consequentially have upon the development can be redefined as similar to construction occupying low annual risk area. An extra credit has been gained within this category for the integration of permeable green areas over the development (increased overall site permeability significantly) and semi permeable paving. This increasing peak rate run off and lag time which also dramatically reduces the risk of Urban Flash Flooding. PO6: Minimising Watercourse Pollution Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 As outlined above the specification of SUDs and been fully considered and holistically integrated within a WSUDS (water sensitive urban drainage system) plan. The SUDs have been designed in compliance with the SUDs manual and permeable paving have been proposed for areas of low risk p o l l u t a n t r u n o f f. A f u l l y c o m p r e h e n s i v e d r a i n a g e p l a n i s t o be made available for the building /site occupiers.
BREEAM Section
Section scoring
WST3: Recyclable Waste storage Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 This is a compulsory credit and which has been achieved though the integration of a mixed use waste facility located communally for the entire beckets well development. Access to the site is provided via Colyear Street and will be granted only for maintenance teams and waste recycling managem e n t t o b e o r g a n i ze d i n c o n j u n c t i o n w i t h t h e c i t y o f d e r b y â&#x20AC;&#x2122;s waste management plan. Storage facilities will be provided inside the NCP car park which will have the appropriately sized floor area redeveloped to house the waste storage units.
Pollution
Weighting (%)
M AT 6 : I n s u l a t i o n Credits Available: 2 Credits Achieved: 2 All insulation used within the construction process will be fully accessed. A green guide rating for both types of insulation specified within the wall construction will be determined and their associated insulation index will be identified. At least 80% of the insulation specified will be obtained responsibly and will be appropriately certified. Dividing the total volume of insulation used (m3) by the Thermal conductivity (W/m.K) will determine the Volume to weight thermal resistance which is then multiplied by the relevant green score point(s) to obtain the final BREEAM credit Output.
WST2: Recycled Aggregates Credits Available: 1 Credits Achieved: 1 As outlined for previous categories, steel utilized for the construction will be locally sourced and consist of varying levels of recycled materials. The aggregates used in in-situ concrete (where it does not retract from any structural integrity) have been obtained from the large volume of wasted material on the beckets well site accumulated during the demolition phase. This dramatically reduces the impact on virgin material depletion.
along Macklin street.
% of Credits Achieved
M AT 5 : R e s p o n s i b l e S o u r c i n g o f M a t e r i a l s Credits Available: 3 Credits Achieved: 2 Due care has been taken in the design process to help identify and specify environmentally conscious building materials. Reference to a detailed list and information on certain elements can be obtained within the technical & concept booklets. Consideration has been given to the following; Structural frame, floor slabs, Roof & walls, Foundation type & Internal wall construction.
Waste Management plan (SWMP) which targets a benchmark for recourse efficiency and records and commits to the minimization of its production using best practice approaches.
Credits Available
M AT 1 : M a t e r i a l s S p e c i f i c a t i o n ( M a j o r B u i l d i n g E l e m e n t s ) Credits Available: 4 Credits Achieved: 2 Recognition and specification of construction materials which have embed low lifecycle cost and environmental impacts. The External walls and roof utilized a then cement fibre board, over recycled steel and 50% recycled crushed aggregate concrete which cuts down on raw material depletion. The Cladding operates over an 80 year life span. Window design is completely bespoke containing modern technologies such as photochromic cell thus the embodied energy and associated environmental implications will be extremely high. A green guide rating of A has been achieved.
Credits Achieved
Materials
Management
10
10
100%
12%
12
Health & Well Being
11
14
78.57%
15%
11.79
Energy
13
21
61.9%
19%
11.76
Transport
7
10
70%
8%
5.6
Water
6
6
100%
6%
6
Materials
7
12
58.33%
12.5%
7.3
Waste
5
7
71.4%
7.5%
5.356
Land Ecol
3
10
30%
10%
3
Pollu
4
12
30.33%
10%
3
Inno
0
10
0
10%
0
Final Scor BREE ratin
AM
65.75 Y OD
Green Building Studio Energy Assessment The analysis of estimated energy use consumed for the Beckets well development has been undertaken to identify the energy saving and renewable incorporable potential via design alternatives. The accuracy of the analysis is obviously dependant on the modelling information used to extract data. The analysis of the HUBB will only aim to provide an indicative summery of possible d e s i g n a l t e r n a t i v e s w h i c h m a y h e l p t o m i n i m i z e e n e r g y a n d r e s o u r c e c o n s u m p t i o n . T h e A n a l y s i s w i l l o n l y b e r e l e v a n t f o r 8 r o o m s o v e r t h e f i r s t f l o o r. F u l l m a t e r i a l c o n s i d e r a t i o n s s h o u l d b e disregarded as the model requires a more cohesive analysis which embodies the total building.
Base Run Analysis
Third Run Analysis
To t l a l A n n u a l E n e r g y U s e ( £ / M 2)
To t l a l A n n u a l E l e c t r i c i t y U s e ( £ / M 2)
To t l a l A n n u a l E n e r g y U s e ( £ / M 2)
To t l a l A n n u a l E l e c t r i c i t y U s e ( £ / M 2)
M o n t h l y To t a l E n e r g y U s e ( £ )
M o n t h l y To t l a l E l e c t r i c i t y U s e ( £ )
M o n t h l y To t a l E n e r g y U s e ( £ )
M o n t h l y To t l a l E l e c t r i c i t y U s e ( £ )
E n e r g y, C a r b o n & C o s t S u m m a r y
Estimated Energy and cost summary
E n e r g y, C a r b o n & C o s t S u m m a r y
Estimated Energy and cost summary
The Initial Base run predicted an annual energy cost of £19,075 with a CO2 emission e q u i v a l e n t t o t h a t o f 5 . 2 S U V ’ s P e r Y e a r. A s s h o w n i n t h e G r a p h s , A n n u a l E n e r g y f o r electric consumption predicted within the spaces was equal to 114,955 KWh. The Carbon footprint of the rooms was projected to be 51.4 metric tonnes Utilization of the carbon neutrality potential within the areas could see a reduction to 31 metric tons if in site renewables were exploited. Tw o e x t r a r u n s w h e r e c o n d u c t e d o v e r t h e p r i m a r y. T h e r e s u l t s a r e d i s p l a y e d i n t h e Graphs to the right. Occupancy/day lighting sensors where integrated with super insulated steel framed construction added to all walls and facades. Glazing was upgraded to super insulated 3 Pane clear low-e specification. A mild reduction in totla cost can be seen as a direct result in upgrading the facade m a t e r i a l i t y. t h r o u g h t h e s t a g e s o f e a c h r u n ( s e e T h i r d r u n t o t a l a n u a l e n e r g y u s e graph) the gradual reduction cost per squre meter has been achieved.
The above illustrates the changes encouperated to the design (adding insulation to south extra insulation to south/East facade (internal faces of rooms will be housed inside building thereofore would not reuqire insualtion) A totlal reduction in annual cost are in the region £500.00 with a noticable reduction in onside fuel demands. Below is the summary data for the Base-Final Run comparisons. E n e r g y, C a r b o n a n d C o s t S u m m a r y
Estimated Energy & Cost Summary
Annual Energy Cost:£19,075 Lifecycle Cost:£259,806
Annual Energy Cost: £18,499 Lifecycle Cost: £251,957 Annual CO2 Emissions Electric: 44.4 Mg Onsite Fuel: 1.0 Mg L a r g e S U V E q u i v a l e n t : 4 . 5 S U Vs / Ye a r
Annual CO2 Emissions Electric 40.7 Mg Onsite Fuel: 10.7 Mg L a r g e S U V E q u i v a l e n t : 5 . 2 S U Vs / Ye a r
Improvement
Annual Energy
Annual Energy Energy Use Intensity (EUI): 620 MJ / m² / year Electric: 114,955 kWh Fuel: 215,111 MJ Annual Peak Demand: 23.4 kW
Lifecycle Energy Electric: 3,448,641 kW Fuel: 6,453,318 MJ
Reductions
Energy Use Intensity (EUI):620 MJ / m² / year Electric: 125,294 kWh Fuel: 19,341 MJ Annual Peak Demand: 44.9 kW
Lifecycle Energy Electric: 3,758,829 kW Fuel: 580,234 MJ