What is a Slight Blemish
A SLIGHT BLEMISH IS ALWAYS THE CONSEQUENCE OF A PHYSIOLOGICAL ALTERATION Ideal condition
Daily attacks
Altered condition
Natural re-establishment Slight blemish
PATHOLOGY
….Let’s have a look at slight blemishes:: We’ll start reviewing skin structure and body aesthetic alterations localization EPIDERMIS
DERMIS
HYPODERMIS
EPIDERMIS Epiermis is the upper skin layer, generally not directly involved in body slight blemishes.
Epidermis is avascular, nourished by diffusion from the dermis. At the junction with the epidermis, its surface bristles with fibrous, vascular and nervous projections - the dermal papillae- from which diffuse organic fluids.
epidermis
DERMIS It’s the cutaneous layer directly involved in alterations related to atony. It’s a connective tissue layer made up of 80% water, elastin fibres and collagen floating in a glycoprotein gel. It contains numerous blood and lymph vessels, nerve endings, hot and cold nerve receptors, as well as tactile sense organs. Hair roots, sebaceous glands and sweat glands are also located in the dermis.
Dermis
HYPODERMIS It’s the cutaneous layer directly involved in all body aesthetic alterations
Hypodermis attaches the skin to underlying bone and muscle fibers. It consists of loose connective tissue and it is essentially composed of a type of cells specialised in accumulating and storing fats, known as adipocytes. Their amount variates according to nutrition. They accumulate in different body regions depending on sex and hormonal state of subject.
Hypoder mis
“Adipocits lobules” in hypodermis Adipose lobule
Interstitial “gel” or substance Cellular nucleus
Adipose cell Vascular net
Interstitial matrix is composed of: nourishments (lipids, proteins, vitamins, sugars …) fundamental for cells life, they derive from blood a lot of water that permits intercellular exchanges an maintains tissue tonic and elastic wastes that are adsorbed by lymphatic system and drained
ADIPOSITY
ADIPOSITY DIMENSION INCREASE OF THE ADIPOCITES IN THE HYPODERMIS WITH CONSEQUENT VOLUME INCREASE OF FAT THICKNESS
Normal adipose tissue: Hypodermis in aequilibrium Good blood microcirculation Good limphatic draining Adipose lobules with normal size
Hypertrophic adipose tissue:
Some or all adipocytes in lobules are hypertrophic; Blood and lymphatic vessels are compressed by adipocytes Slow blood circulation Slow metabolism Slow draining
HYPODERMIS OR
ADIPOSE TISSUE
Hypertrophic Adipocytes
Normal size Adipocytes
ADIPOSITY CAUSES PREDISPOSING FACTORS
CAUSING FACTORS
• HEREDITARY • ECCESSIVE ALIMENTATION • HORMONAL UNBALANCES • SEDENTARY LIFE • SEX • STRESS • HYPERALIMENTATION IN THE FIRST YEARS OF LIFE
EDEMATOUS CELLULITE OR sclerotic-fibrous-edematous panniculopathy DEGENERATIVE ALTERATION OF DERMIS AND HYPODERMIS WITH PREVALENCE OF TISSUE EDEMA (INCREASE OF LIQUID AND WASTE SUBSTANCES IN THE INTERSTITIAL SPACES
First cellulite steps 1st stage: At stage one, cellulite
damage is not yet visible. Estrogen affects the connective tissues and the blood vessels, increasing their permeability. As a result, an excess of fluid is released into the surroundig areas.
2nd stage: At stage two, the
surface effects of cellulite are minimal. Accumulation of fluid and deterioration of structure are more pronounced. Because it is difficult for the liquids to drain, metabolic toxins begin to accumulate causing further damage to local tissue.
FIBROUS CELLULITE OR scleroticfibrous-edematous panniculopathy DEGENERATIVE ALTERATION OF DERMIS AND HYPODERMIS WITH PREVALENT INTERSTITIAL TISSUE FIBROSIS (HYPERPROLIFERATION OF CONNECTIVE TISSUE)
Cellulite worsening 3rd stage: The body attempts to repair damage by releasing signals that recruit fibroblasts, which produce collagen fibers. Increased collagen production results in formation of fibrous bands that create small pockets or islands.
4th stage: If predisposing factors remain, nodules and fluid retention lead to pain and tenderness Nodules are larger, more common and harder Fluid retention is severe .
CELLULITE CAUSES CAUSING FACTORS
PREDISPOSING FACTORS • • • • •
RACE SEX HEREDITARY HORMONAL UNBALANCES MORPHOLOGICAL STRUCTURE
• • • • • • • •
CLOTHS WORK POSTURE ESTROPROGESTINICS SEDENTARY LIFE STYLE STRESS CHRONIC CONSTIPATION ALIMENTATION
Body atony
ATONY • TONE LOSS OR REDUCTION OF SMOOTH AND STRIATED MUSCLES • MINOR REGENERATION OF COLLAGEN FIBRES AND/OR ALTERATION OF THEIR ORGANIZATIONAL STRUCTURE
Atony can involve only skin but also muscles.
When muscles are involved their mass decrease causes loose skin that relaxes because of gravity
If it only involves tissue it’s mainly due to cutaneous density loss.
From this derive dryness, atrophy, atony: skin seems empting and losing shape.
Often you can observe the two phenomena together
ATONY CAUSES PREDISPOSING FACTORS • CHRONOLOGICAL AGING • HORMONAL UNBALANCES
CAUSING FACTORS • FREE RADICALS • UNBALANCED NUTRTION
BREAST ATONY • MINOR PRODUCTION AND STIFFNESS OF COLLAGEN AND ELASTIN FIBRES • RELAXATION OF MUSCULAR FIBRES
CAUSES OF BREAST ATONY PREDISPOSING FACTORS • HORMONAL UNBALANCES • SCARSE MUSCULAR COMPONENT
CAUSING FACTORS • • • • •
POSTURE HEALTH MATERNITY CHRONOLOGICAL AGING SEDENTARY LIFE
STRETCH MARKS
STRETCH MARKS • They mainly interest women. • They appear especially during puberty and pregnancy. • There is a family and ethnic predisposition: caucasic women are more affected than japanese ones. Some eastern populations (javanese) don’t have them. • They can start in case of obesity due to induced hormonal unbalances. • Mechanical stretching factors are considered secondary
PATHOGENESIS
Initial phase
Characterized by a block of fibroblasts function, with consequent alteration of elastin and collagen fibres
PATHOGENESIS Regenerative phase Characterized by re-establishment of enzymatic activity, with restored
functionality of fibroblasts. It corresponds to the red-violet stretch marks
PATHOGENESIS Healing phase
Normalization of the activity of fibroblasts and
regeneration of collagen and elastin fibres. It corresponds to the white stretch marks
The Veribel body method Has been created to reinforce body and spirit through the strength of the elements that nature gives us with so much generosity:
water, earth and the soul of the most precious plants. All this is harmonized and strengthened by gentle massages and specific devices