MANAGEMENT, PRACTICE & LAW Jonathan Davies
1407870
INDEX 01. The Architect
03
02. Introduction - Sandmartins
11
03. Plan of Work
15
04. Compliance
21
05. Costing
57
06. Reflection & Development
61
07. Personal Documents 71
THE ARCHITECT
03.
The architect may be considered to have many different roles and responsibilities in their professional capacity as a designer of buildings. However, their primarily responsibility is societal: they are, in every mouse click or pen stroke, accountable to the community - however large or small it may be - their drawings affect.
In Section 13 of the Architects Act 1997, the ARB defined the responsibilities of the architect in their duties thus: 1. Be honest and act with integrity 2. Be competent 3. Promote your services honestly and responsibly 4. Manage your business competently 5. Consider the wider impact of your work 6. Carry out your work faithfully and conscientiously 7. Be trustworthy and look after your clients’ money properly 8. Have appropriate insurance arrangement 9. Maintain the reputation of architects 10. Deal with disputes or complaints appropriately 11. Co-operate with regulatory requirements and investigations 12. Have respect for others.2
As one considered ‘expert’ in their field, the architect must shoulder more responsibility than might be fairly expected from another who is unqualified. The capabilities of an ordinarily skilled person are determined by the proverbial passenger of the Clapham omnibus, defined by Judge McNair in 1957, with architectural design counting as a skill or competence they may not necessarily possess.1 Thus, in every communication - including email, SMS, drawing and model - they must strive to uphold the reputation of the profession through adherence to its standards and codes of practice.
The RIBA Code of Professional Conduct corroborates the central tenets of these duties:
The two main regulatory bodies of architects in the UK, the Architects Registration Board (ARB) and Royal Institute of British Architects (RIBA), individually define the responsibilities of the professionally qualified architect. Most are fairly straightforward calls for good practice, for competence and compliance with regulatory bodies or the tedious yet essential provision of being suitably insured: almost a guide to successful business management.
1: Integrity: Members shall act with honesty and integrity at all times. 2. Competence: In the performance of their work, Members shall act competently, conscientiously and responsibly. Members must be able to provide knowledge, the ability and the finance and technical resources appropriate for their work. 3. Relationships: Members shall respect the relevant rights and interests of others.3
However, others are more widely applicable to how one practices within a social framework, asking the architect to be honest and act with integrity, respect the relevant rights and interests of others and maintain the reputation of architects. 1. Bolam v Friern Hospital Management Committee (1957), 1 WLR 582, 586.
Whilst all valid considerations for the practicing architect, and in fact important factors for anyone in
05.
2. ARB, Architects Code: Standards of Conduct and Practice (2009), 1. 3. RIBA, Code of Professional Conduct (2005), 3.
any vocation, the ones on which I wish to focus are ARB 5 and RIBA 3, “to consider the wider impact of your work,” and “respect the relevant rights and interests of others.” These points could and should be interpolated as a call for architects to remember Guattari’s three ecologies - the mental, social and environmental4 - and the implications of their design on these three intrinsically interlinked components of our ecosophy.5
measures for energy efficiency and energy saving in the operation of the building.6 If the architect were to examine and contemplate not just the u-value but the GWP of their specified build up, perhaps there could be a significant shift from contemporary ‘conventional’ construction to materials possessing similar properties with significantly lower carbon emissions. At present, it seems many designs turn to tokenism to appease sustainability criteria, ‘greenwashing’ buildings with ineffectual or high maintenance strategies that do not contribute to building performance. However wellintentioned, these misguided attempts at environmental ecology inevitably fall short as they fail to account for the effect on the social and mental ecologies: success in one area must be supported by the others.
Since arguments for anthropogenic climate change gained traction, building materials and regulations have begun to address the problem of energy efficiency in an attempt to boost their green credentials. However, a much more recent development has been assessing the materials for their intrinsic polluting power, their embodied energy, evaluated and calculated through a Life Cycle Analysis.
McDonough and Braungart proposed regarding the building as a tree: it should offer shelter, oxygen, energy and food all in the one interlinked loop, reinventing the notion of ‘waste’ to reappropriate technical and biological nutrients for productive processes.7 If such strategies could be applied nationwide, worldwide, to new developments then jobs would be created locally through the sustainable recovery of what would otherwise be waste products, introducing beneficial cycles that could positively influence social ecologies and increase social capital whilst improving the mental ecology of residents through consciously divesting themselves of polluting habits and boosting environmental ecologies.8 It is thus imperative for the architect to realise their obligation to design with these ecologies in mind, to do otherwise is unacceptable.
This method of measurement normally considers the cradle-to-gate production of a given material, allowing comparative analysis of a given mass of products. There are obvious flaws and omissions - it can only be used mass for mass whereas different constructions will require more or less material depending on the structure and transportation and end-of-life treatments rarely feature because of the difficulty of assessment but it gives an indication of the relative contribution of materials through Global Warming Potential, the amount of CO2 equivalent produced (see page 54). Regulatory bodies are slowly acknowledging embodied energy as an important consideration in building design, though current legislation deals primarily with 4. Guattari, F., The Three Ecologies (2000), 41. 5. Næss, A., The Shallow and the Deep, Long range Ecology Movement (1972)
06.
6. HM Government, Approved Document L2A: Conservation of Fuel and Power (2010), 5. 7. McDonough, W. and Braungart, M., The Upcycle: Beyond Sustainability - Designing for Abundance (2013), 49. 8. Ibid, 45.
Likewise, designing with all actors to ensure a thorough comprehension and backing of development schemes is of paramount importance, central to the idea of respect for others’ relevant rights and interests. It could be as simple as treating those invested in the design process as equal partners, regularly making the time to discuss the design with engineers and builders to holistically work through the design, or community consultations prior to designing to acknowledge the importance of local wisdom and opinion before committing anything to paper(space).
of documentation (CAD, BIM, 3D modelling), new research being undertaken into the effects of materials (lead, asbestos, straw bales, etc.), methods of improving building performance and material efficiency and the constant revision of building and planning regulations mean that one of the foremost issues in the profession must be the role of the architect in self-educating. The architect cannot afford to be lazy; correct standards and material specifications must be constantly sought out to ensure compliance and prevent unnecessary delays or expenditure for clients, a point linked into the competent running of the architect’s business.
Collaboration with builders would assist in satisfying The Construction Design and Management Regulations to implement adequate safeguards to protect workers on-site and end users. This would include providing the contractors with all the information necessary to construct the design, ensuring any hazards are flagged early on and checking that all parties are familiar with their responsibilities.9
The ARB maintains professional competence in the architect through prescribing a requirement to engage with the academic elements of the profession, either through Continuing Professional Development (CPD) exercises, studying or teaching architecture.10 The CPD curriculum is determined by RIBA alongside the ARB and must address design, technology and environment, cultural context, histories and theories of architecture, management practice and law, context for practice and management of architecture/ construction.11
Another interesting item on ARB and RIBA’s lists is number 2 on both, ‘be competent’/ ‘act competently,’ respectively. Whilst acting as a regulatory registration body, these items place responsibility firmly on the individual to maintain personal competency throughout their professional career. ARB 4 is even more oddly prescriptive, demanding that the architect ‘manage [their] business competently.’
These criteria, whilst not exhaustive, demonstrate the breadth of subjects on which the architect must keep updated. Besides formal CPD seminars, informal ones may be accrued through self-guided study or gaining relevant experience.
Of course, personal competency is key to maintaining professional standards within an industry that is constantly evolving. New modes of production (new materials entering the market, innovation in fixings and fixtures, prefabrication, 3D printing, etc.), new methods
Working closely with other professions should enable the architect to better understand the cost of construction, both through a familiarity with constructional practice and knowing which contractors can be relied upon to work to schedule. All these
9. HSE, The Construction (Design and Management) Regulations 2007: Industry Guidance for Designers (2007), 11.
10. www.arb.org.uk/Maintaining%20competence 11. www.arb.org.uk/maintaining-competence-guidelines
07.
practical considerations may be considered informal CPDs that assist in the competent management of the architect’s business - one that is surprisingly poorly paid considering all the responsibilities one must assume.12
Local Development Plans are designed to safeguard the areas they cover against exploitation or thoughtless desecration. They legislate to prevent unpleasantly crowded developments, protect green belts and green field sites, and maintain important character features of the locality. Usually developed through consultation with the community, they are important documents for the architect to access to understand and allay concerns of the residents. Depending on the client, the Local Development Plan may be a source of disputes: a developer may wish to maximise profitability by finding loopholes in the planning framework but similarly an individual may wish to completely ignore the wishes of their neighbourhood to construct their dream home. In cases such as these, the architect must remember their professional duty and not compromise on architectural standards to deliver a poor quality or socially divisive project: they may be obliged to work for the client but not to circumvent principles of good practice.
As previously stated, through this process of renewal the architect should be conversant with local planning and building regulations: in the UK, that assumes familiarity with Building Regulations as defined in Approved Documents A-P and Local Development Plans. Through an intimate knowledge of all of these documents, the architect should be able to implement their requirements in the most sensitive, appropriate way possible to meet clients’ needs and supply the best possible design (again encouraging the social and mental ecologies to flourish): their duty to their client. By prescribing the Building Regulations as guidelines, the government is attempting to control the quality of architecture in the UK and ensure certain criteria are met: all buildings will be structurally sound, minimise the risk of fire, possess a pleasant internal quality, be accessible to all users, energy efficient and safe. The Building Regulations are thus primarily to protect users and should be seen as highly beneficial documents the architect is under a moral and ethical obligation to comply to protect building users, whether the client is a developer who will never step foot inside the building or a retired couple finally realising their dream home. However, if the architect possesses knowledge of the regulations, and understands how to meet their requirements, then in instances where new, untested or unstandardised materials are to be used this experience can facilitate innovative architectural detailing without disappointing or endangering anyone. 12. http://www.ribaappointments.com/Salary-Guide.aspx
Talk of Local Development Plans bring us full loop with the recognition of the architect’s principal duty to act in the best interests of the community and profession, to create socially inclusive architectures to perform efficiently and exceed expectations . As one who is severely liable for failure, the architect must make certain to maintain professional competency and at least comply with all statutory requirements when delivering designs.
08.
09.
INTRODUCTION - SANDMARTINS
11.
AUTHORITY Ofsted
AUTHORITY Dorset County Council
INTERESTED PARTY Sandford C of E Middle School
SUBCONTRACTORS
CLIENT Sandmartin’s Activity Club
CONTRACTOR Huff and Puff Construction Ltd
building control officer
SPONSORS/ DONORS e.g. Dorset County Council
CONSULTANTS studio treen
electrician
registered architect
others tbc
structural engineer
12.
Sandmartins Acitivty Club is a charitable childcare organisation based near Wareham, Dorset. They are a local provider in child care for children aged between 4-14 years, before and after school during term time as well as running holiday activities. Their current home is the site of the former Sandford Church of England First School, one of many facilities made obselete by Purbeck’s move from a three-teir to two-teir educational system. The site has been placed on the market and so Sandmartins must move to new facilities elsewhere: namely, the activity centre outlined in this document. It has been indicated that Sandmartins will be granted land on the site of Sandford Church of England Middle School, just up the road from their current location and next to the recently completed nursery. Whilst not operating in direct partnership with Sandford Church of England Middle School or the nursery, they will share a site entrance and carparking facilities. Because Sandmatrin is a charitable organisation, there will be sponsors and donors contributing to the project who cannot be represented in the diagram opposite they haven’t yet become involved. Likewise, quantities and types of contractors necessary for the construction are not yet absolutely clear. The project’s procurement type is Design and Build, with Huff and Puff Construction Ltd. going to tender and negotiating for the job. My involvement as a pro bono design consultant to Huff & Puff has come about through my volunteering on their previous venture, a community arts centre in Sherborne.
Sandmartins Activity Club’s home since its inception has been the ‘temporary’ structure built originally as the staffroom for Sandford Church of England First School. It is uninsulated, with 100mm wall construction and single glazed windows.
13.
PLAN OF WORK
15.
Stages
The RIBA Plan of Work 2013 organises the process of briefing, designing, constructing, maintaining, operating and using building projects into a number of key stages. The content of stages may vary or overlap to suit specific project requirements. The RIBA Plan of Work 2013 should be used solely as guidance for the preparation of detailed professional services contracts and building contracts.
www.ribaplanofwork.com
0
1
2
3
4
5
6
7
Strategic Definition
Preparation and Brief
Concept Design
Developed Design
Technical Design
Construction
Handover and Close Out
In Use
Core Objectives
Identify client’s Business Case and Strategic Brief and other core project requirements.
Develop Project Objectives, including Quality Objectives and Project Outcomes, Sustainability Aspirations, Project Budget, other parameters or constraints and develop Initial Project Brief. Undertake Feasibility Studies and review of Site Information.
Prepare Concept Design, including outline proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline specifications and preliminary Cost Information along with relevant Project Strategies in accordance with Design Programme. Agree alterations to brief and issue Final Project Brief.
Prepare Developed Design, including coordinated and updated proposals for structural design, building services systems, outline specifications, Cost Information and Project Strategies in accordance with Design Programme.
Prepare Technical Design in accordance with Design Responsibility Matrix and Project Strategies to include all architectural, structural and building services information, specialist subcontractor design and specifications, in accordance with Design Programme.
Procurement
Initial considerations for assembling the project team.
Prepare Project Roles Table and Contractual Tree and continue assembling the project team.
Tasks
*Variable task bar
Programme
Establish Project Programme. Review Project Programme.
The procurement strategy does not fundamentally alter the progression of the design or the level of detail prepared at a given stage. However, Information Exchanges will vary depending on the selected procurement route and Building Contract. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will set out the specific tendering and procurement activities that will occur at each stage in relation to the chosen procurement route. Review Project Programme.
*Variable task bar
(Town) Planning
Pre-application discussions.
Pre-application discussions.
Review Feedback from previous projects.
Prepare Handover Strategy and Risk Assessments. Agree Schedule of Services, Design Responsibility Matrix and Information Exchanges and prepare Project Execution Plan including Technology and Communication Strategies and consideration of Common Standards to be used.
Administration of Building Contract, including regular site inspections and review of progress.
Undertake In Use services in accordance with Schedule of Services.
Conclude administration of Building Contract.
The procurement route may dictate the Project Programme and may result in certain stages overlapping or being undertaken concurrently. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will clarify the stage overlaps. The Project Programme will set out the specific stage dates and detailed programme durations.
Planning applications are typically made using the Stage 3 output. A bespoke RIBA Plan of Work 2013 will identify when the planning application is to be made.
*Variable task bar
Suggested Key Support Tasks
Offsite manufacturing and Handover of building and onsite Construction in conclusion of Building accordance with Construction Contract. Programme and resolution of Design Queries from site as they arise.
Prepare Sustainability Strategy, Maintenance and Operational Strategy and review Handover Strategy and Risk Assessments.
Review and update Sustainability, Maintenance and Operational and Handover Strategies and Risk Assessments.
Review and update Sustainability, Maintenance and Operational and Handover Strategies and Risk Assessments.
Undertake third party consultations as required and any Research and Development aspects.
Undertake third party consultations as required and conclude Research and Development aspects.
Prepare and submit Building Regulations submission and any other third party submissions requiring consent.
Review and update Project Execution Plan.
Review and update Project Execution Plan, including Change Control Procedures.
Review and update Project Execution Plan.
Consider Construction Strategy, including offsite Review and update fabrication, and develop Health Construction and Health and and Safety Strategy. Safety Strategies.
Review Construction Strategy, including sequencing, and update Health and Safety Strategy.
Review and update Sustainability Strategy and implement Handover Strategy, including agreement of information required for commissioning, training, handover, asset management, future monitoring and maintenance and ongoing compilation of ‘Asconstructed’ Information.
Carry out activities listed in Handover Strategy including Feedback for use during the future life of the building or on future projects. Updating of Project Information as required.
Update Construction and Health and Safety Strategies.
Conclude activities listed in Handover Strategy including Post-occupancy Evaluation, review of Project Performance, Project Outcomes and Research and Development aspects. Updating of Project Information, as required, in response to ongoing client Feedback until the end of the building’s life.
Sustainability Checkpoints
Sustainability Checkpoint — 0
Sustainability Checkpoint — 1
Sustainability Checkpoint — 2
Sustainability Checkpoint — 3
Sustainability Checkpoint — 4
Sustainability Checkpoint — 5
Sustainability Checkpoint — 6
Sustainability Checkpoint — 7
Information Exchanges
Strategic Brief.
Initial Project Brief.
Concept Design including outline structural and building services design, associated Project Strategies, preliminary Cost Information and Final Project Brief.
Developed Design, including the coordinated architectural, structural and building services design and updated Cost Information.
Completed Technical Design of the project.
‘As-constructed’ Information.
Updated ‘As-constructed’ Information.
‘As-constructed’ Information updated in response to ongoing client Feedback and maintenance or operational developments.
Not required.
Required.
Required.
Required.
Not required.
Not required.
Required.
As required.
(at stage completion)
UK Government Information Exchanges
*Variable task bar – in creating a bespoke project or practice specific RIBA Plan of Work 2013 via www.ribaplanofwork.com a specific bar is selected from a number of options.
16.
© RIBA
Opposite is the RIBA Plan of Work 2013, the revised guide to the typical stages of professional design work. On the following pages I have interpreted these stages into an outline of the schedule for completion of key milestones to realise Sandmartins Activity Centre. As the procurement method of the project is Design and Build, the architectural designer’s responsibility is slightly lessened. Because the contractor was hired by the client, Huff and Puff Construction Ltd. took on Stages 0 and 1 to define the Strategic Brief and Project Brief with the beginnings of a Stage 2 Concept Design and Cost Information prior to the appointment of an architectural designer. One of the key Project Objectives identified by the client was that the facility must be operational for the new academic year, so Stage 6 must occur before September 2015. This key milestone essentially defines the Project Programme: to complete the building on schedule, Stages 2 through 4 must be completed in the next couple of months. A major overlap occurs between Stages 4 and 5. This represents the fact that once Stage 3 has been completed and Planning Permission granted, work on site can start - depending on the exact scheduling of consultancies and such, excavations and groundworks could be completed and the slab poured before Stage 4 can be considered to be over. Likewise, if the application for Planning Permission is undertaken in Stage 3 then certain items from Stage 4 can be completed during this notoriously bureaucratic process: however, I have chosen to represent no overlap here as I chose to interpret the submission of the Planning Application as the conclusion of Stage 3. 17.
Stage of the RIBA Plan of Work 2013
Deliverables
Items
Responsibility
0
Strategic Definition Identify Business Case and Strategic Strategic Brief & Project Programme Huff & Puff Brief with core project objectives.
1
Preparation & Brief Develop Project Objectives and Project Outcomes, Sustainability Aspirations, Project Budget and identify relevant constraints with a review of Site Information. Concept Design Prepare Concept Design with outlines of Structural Design, Building Services Systems and Specifications with Preliminary Cost Information. Consult as necessary.
2
Huff & Puff Final Project Brief, Sustainability + studio treen Strategy, Construction Strategy, Maintenance and Operational Strategy, Health and Safety Strategy & Concept Design
Cost Information, Developed Developed Design Developed Design including coordinated proposals for Structural Design & Planning Application and Building Services Designs with an outline of Specifications, Cost Information and Project Strategies.
3
4
Technical Design Technical Design Technical Design to accord with Design Responsibilities Matrix including all architectural, structural and building services information, specialist subcontractor designs and specifications.
5 Construction Construction to Construction Programme with resolution of Design Queries from site. 6
Initial Project Brief, Contractual Tree, Huff & Puff + studio treen Feasibility Study, Project Roles Table, Design Responsibility Matrix, Handover Strategy, Risk Assessment & Project Execution Plan
‘As constructed’ Information
Handover and Close Out Handover of building, contract ends. Execute Handover Strategy
7
In Use In Use services viz Schedule of Services. Post-occupancy Evaluation, etc. 18.
Huff & Puff + studio treen
Huff & Puff + studio treen + engineer(s)
Huff & Puff + studio treen Huff & Puff Huff & Puff
November
2014 December
2015
January
February
March
April
May
June
19.
July
August
September
COMPLIANCE
21.
Building Regulations, as defined through Approved Documents A-P in the UK and Technical Guidance Documents in Ireland, are guidelines designed to ensure that all construction works undertaken in the British Isles meet basic requirements for access, quality and safety. The Building Regulations apply to most building work and works subject to them must be checked and deemed adequate by either the Local Authority or an Approved Building Control Inspector from a private firm depending on the area and the services offered by the local council. Approval processes differ between the two.
Approved Document A - Structural Safety
The measures outlined within the Approved Documents are not legally binding or absolute: they may be considered guidelines, albeit relativelty strict ones. Compliance may not be required in all areas if it would lead to imposing health-endangering compromises or can be proven detrimental to a particular project. One such example is retrofitting old, perhaps heritage, buildings to meet current insulation standards: in meeting current Building Regulations, the quantity of insulation required may detract from the heritage value of the building or endanger its structural integrity. Starting a dialogue with your Building Control Officer reviewing such issues at an early stage is key to their sensitive handling since all such considerations are at the discretion of the BCO.
Approved Document G - Sanitation, Hot Water Safety & Water Efficiency
Approved Document B - Fire Safety Approved Document C - Resistance to Contaminents & Moisture Approved Document D - Toxic Substances Approved Document E - Resistance to Sound Approved Document F - Ventilation
Approved Document H - Drainage & Waste Disposal Approved Document J - Heat Producing Appliances Approved Document K - Protection from Falling Approved Document L - Conservation of Fuel & Power Approved Document M - Access to & Use of Buildings Approved Document N - Glazing Safety Approved Document P - Electrical Safety
In the opposite column are listed all the Approved Documents at the time of writing along with their descriptive titles. Note that Approved Document N applies only to construction projects located in Wales.
For the Sandmartins project, and because of the elected construction being primarily straw bale, I have focused on the design’s compliance with Parts B, C, L & M.
23.
Drawing schedule Scale at A3
Page
n/a
1:500
25
ground floor plan
B, L2A, M
1:100
27
A.02.2
first floor plan
B, L2A
1:100
29
A.03.1
north east elevation
L2A
1:100
31
A.03.2
south east elevation
L2A
1:100
33
A.03.3
south west elevation
L2A
1:100
35
A.03.4
north west elevation
L2A
1:100
37
A.04.1
section 01
L2A
1:50
39
A.04.2
section 02
M
1:50
41
A.04.3
section 03
M
1:100
43
A.04.4
section 04
B
1:50
45
A.05.1
detail 01
C, L2A
1:20
47
A.05.2
detail 02
C, M
1:20
49
A.05.3
detail 03
C, M
1:20
51
A.05.4
detail 04
L2A
1:20
53
Reference
Drawing name
Building regulations applied
A.01.1
site plan
A.02.1
24.
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
proposed site plan
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:1, 1:500 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.01.1
status
revision
Approved Document B Section 3: Design for horizontal escape - buildings other than flats
Approved Document M Section 2: Access into buildings other than dwellings
As a small, open plan building, the activity centre easily complies with the suggested maximum distances for horizontal escape as presented in Table 2: Limitations on travel distance.
The entrances and exits have been specifically designed to meet all requirements for accessibility with flush threshold finishes (A.05.2-3) and ramped access from site to floor level, detailed in A.04.2-3.
Approved Document M Section 5: Sanitary accommodation in buildings other than dwellings The accessible toilet is designed to exceed the criteria as outlined in Diagram 18: Unisex wheelchair-accesible toilet with corner WC.
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer Generous eaves protect windows in the southern facing walls and an openable high level clerestory provides diffuse light as well as stack ventilation. Constructional contributions, such as the thermal mass of the building elements, will be discussed in A.04.1-4 and A.05.1-4. 26.
boundary
food preparation area
accessible toilet
line
toilet
toilet
office
17 16
S-04
15 14
<10M
clothes pegs (under stairs)
<1
13 12 11 10
1M
9 8 7 6
outdoor play area
S-03
5
open plan play area with movable storage
FFL 9.25M
4 3
FFL 9.25M
2 1
9.00M
FFL 9.25M
S-
S-01
02
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
ground floor
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.02.1
status
revision
Approved Document B Section 3: Design for horizontal escape - buildings other than flats From the mezzanine, with two possible points of egress, the activity centre complies with Table 2: Limitations on travel distance if considered within purpose group 5: storage.
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer Windows are provided either with a northern aspect or protection from generous eaves. Constructional contributions to limiting heat gains, such as the thermal mass and insulating properties of the building elements, will be discussed in A.04.1-4 and A.05.1-4. 28.
<23M
storage space
mezzanine office FFL 12.05M 17 16
S-04
15 14 13 12 11 10 9 8 7 6
void
S-03
5 4 3 2 1
S-
S-01
02
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
first floor - mezzanine
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date
23.01.2015
layout id
A.02.2
status
revision
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER The design for Sandmartins Activity Centre isnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t sufficiently developed to calculate the TER - whilst there is the notion to implement as many energy efficient measures as possible, heating and energy systems have not yet been decided. The building does feature an innovative drainage strategy with rain harvesting on the roof to the north and a south-facing green roof. However, the construction of the centre is almost entirely of low-impact materials that would result in very little embodied energy, and thus equivalent CO2, compared to a conventional build. Because the elected materials confer excellent thermal performance, the building should readily demonstrate compliance with Criterion 2 - Limits on design flexibility. Additionally, passive-solar design techniques were implemented from the very earliest stage. As seen opposite, the wall facing north east is less than 9% glazed to reduce heat loss.
30.
unglazed wall area 54.14M2
total glazed area 4.68M2
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
north east elevation
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.03.1
status
revision
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER The south east elevation allows the different roof stragies to be marked. Relatively small windows appear in this elevation to ensure a well-lit interior space, especially around the internal staircase.
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer The south east elevation demonstrates the eaves and expressive entrance porch that protect the windows in the south west wall from incident solar radiation during the summer. The south east wall is just over 20% glazed to ensure good internal illumination without excessive solar thermal gain in summer.
32.
no
rth
-
fac
th sou
ing
en
gre
f roo
unglazed wall area 12.78M2
studio treen
-fa
cin
g
tim
be
rs
hin
gle
total glazed area 3.24M2
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
south east elevation
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.03.2
status
revision
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER The south west elevation shows the green roof strategy on the southern aspect. Use of vegetation on the roof diminishes the number of impermeable surfaces introduced by the building and allows for more on site water retention, reducing storm loads for local drainage networks. The roof is the majority of this elevation - large, low windows appear below the eaves at ground floor level and a narrow strip of glazing acts as a clerestory at the junction of the two roofs. Light from this high level glazing would wash down the internal wall, providing plenty of natural light and diminshing the need for electrical illumination.
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer The south west elevation shows the daylighting strategy that is further illustrated in A.04.1. The south west wall (at ground floor) contains just over 17% glazing and is designed to be well protected from the summer sun. The high level clerestory windows are openable, allowing hot air from the top of the building to be flushed out and cool air drawn in through passive solar stack ventilaiton.
34.
clerestory
green roof
unglazed wall area 30.95M2
studio treen
total glazed area 6.45M2
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
south west elevation
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.03.3
status
revision
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER The north west elevation shows the roofing strategy and the approach to conservation of fuel and power, with under 15% glazing in the north west wall. This would decrease the buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s carbon footprint and increase its energy efficiency because fewer mechanical services would need to be used to heat or cool the internal volume.
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer The north west elevation contains under 15% glazing to protect against unnecessary heat loss in winter and prevent solar thermal gain from afternoon and evening sun in summer.
36.
le
rs
be
tim
sou
th-
-fa
rth
no
g cin
g hin
fac
ing
gre
en
roo
f
unglazed wall area 35.87M2 total glazed area 6.13M2
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
north west elevation
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.03.4
status
revision
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 3 Limiting the effects of heat gains in summer
Section 01 illustrates the low carbon materiality of the build as well as the solar strategy. Approximate u-values, calculated with u-value.net, are listed below for key elements of the building envelope to demonstrate compliance with the figures in Table 3: Limiting fabric parameters. Note all materials used are low in embodied energy when compared to those used on conventional builds.
Protruding eaves and relatively high-set windows in the south western wall prevents incident solar radiation over 40° from entering the building, excluding midday sun from April through to September. The clerestory windows admit almost all light, at all times of day, onto the central lime rendered straw bale wall to diffuse light throughout the centre. This top region should thus experience heat gains to be used in summer to evacuate hot air through the stack effect and in winter to heat the thermal mass of the straw bale wall and mitigate internal temperature fluxuations.
Floor: 25mm lime, 65mm screed, limecrete 150mm, 270mm crushed foamglass 2 0.231 W/m K Wall: 25mm lime, 450mm straw bale, 25mm lime 2 0.113 W/m K
Roof: 25mm lime, 30mm larch, 40mm unventilated cavity w/ 120mm rafters @ 600mm c., 180mm wool, 40mm unventilated cavity w/ 120mm rafters @ 600mm c., 25mm larch, 30mm ventilated cavity w/ 30mm battens @ 200mm c., 20mm shingles 2 0.166 W/m K
38.
Difference between Solar Time and Local Mean Time 20
sun angles above 67째 are excluded
on h s le wit g n i sh eam tion d o I-b ula wo ber l ins tim woo
veg e de tatio cki n-c wit ng on over e hw oo timbe d wo l in sula r I-jois od tiio ts n
sun angles above 40째 are excluded
timber I-joist with wool insulation
load bearing straw bale construction rendered with lime
D-01 detail 01
limecrete floor slab
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
section 01
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:50 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.04.1
status
revision
Approved Document M Section 1: Access to buildings other than dwellings
Approved Document M Section 2: Access into buildings other than dwellings
The front entrance was designed to comply with all requirements for accessibility.
Flush finishes on the threshold, documented in A.04.2-3, result in easy access to the centre for all users, regardless of personal mobility. The width of the door leaves, and indeed the width and location of all internal doors, exceed those in Table 2: Minimum effective clear widths of doors.
The ramp is 1:16, delivering a 250mm rise over 4m - as per Diagram 3: Relationship of ramp gradient to the going of a flight - finished with a high-friction tape and with handrails on either side. At 2.9m wide, it provides room for manoeuvring.
Approved Document M Section 3: Horizontal and vertical circulation in buildings other than dwellings
The landing is 2.9x2m, well protected by a roof, and so a generously dimensioned resting place.
Because of the open plan, and all facilities being on the ground floor, the building easily complies.
40.
threshold
studio treen
landing
1:16 ramp
D-02 detail 02
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
section 02
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:50 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.04.2
status
revision
Approved Document M Section 1: Access to buildings other than dwellings
Approved Document M Section 2: Access into buildings other than dwellings
The garden entrance was designed to comply with all requirements for accessibility.
Flush finishes on the threshold, documented in A.04.2-3, result in easy access to the centre for all users, regardless of personal mobility. The width of the door leaves, and indeed the width and location of all internal doors, exceed those in Table 2: Minimum effective clear widths of doors.
The ramp is 1:16, delivering a 250mm rise over 4m - as per Diagram 3: Relationship of ramp gradient to the going of a flight - with high-friction tape to ensure wet weather grip and handrails on both sides. At 2.35m wide, the ramp provides room to manoeuvre. The landing is 2.35x1.5m and so a decently sized space for passing or resting.
Approved Document M Section 3: Horizontal and vertical circulation in buildings other than dwellings Because of the open plan, and all facilities being on the ground floor, the building easily complies.
42.
D-03 detail 03
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
section 03
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:100 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.04.3
status
revision
Approved Document B Sections 6: Wall and ceiling linings and 7: Loadbearing elements of structure Experiments by Bath Universityâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s BRE Centre for Innovative Construction Materials have proven lime rendered straw bales exceed requirements in fire resistance tests. In 2004, BRE and amazonails 2 conducted tests using a 1.5m wall section piece that showed lime-plastered walls can withstand over 1,000°C for a minimum of 160 minutes and that the transmission of heat through the wall took one hour to begin registering a temperature rise. In both instances, these values obviously far exceed the minimum performances as stipulated in Table A2: Minimum periods of fire resistance. At present, no British Standard exists for straw bales but with the above experimental values it should soon be recognised. To the rest of the building: the limecrete floor is similarly fire resistant and lime or earth finishes on all internal and external walls should produce similar results to those explained above. For the structural timber I-joists supporting the roof, the ceiling is to be lime rendered and the exposed joists around the clerestory boxed in with larch so charring may occur without affecting the integrity of the structure. Internal doors are to be fire rated and the shutters for the food preparation area, identified as an area of increased risk, would be similarly specified with an adequate fire rating. 44.
I-joists boxed in to protect structural integrity
D-04 detail 04
fire rated
studio treen
fire rated
fire rated
fire rated
fire rated
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
section 04
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:50 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.04.4
status
revision
Approved Document C Section 4: Floors
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 2 Limits on design flexibility
Detail 01 demonstrates how the composition of the floor slab prevents moisture wicking up into the structure. Crushed foamglass and the compacted gravel footing act to drain water: unless the ground were completely inundated, moisture will always flow downwards. These layers replace the conventional damp proof membrance and instead create effective drainage for the base of the walls, an important factor in preventing the build up of damp and maintaining the health of the straw bale construction.
Detail 01 illustrates the wall build up and how low carbon materials can be put together to create compliant constructions.
Approved Document C Section 5: Walls Detail 01 also shows the brick plinth under the wall plate. This plinth keeps the base of the straw bale wall elevated above the ground and away from damp; the shallow gravel trench on the outside of the strip footing ensures this region is well drained. Window sills and door headers are detailed to throw water away from the surface of the building; exaggerated eaves work to protect the tops of the walls to keep water out. The lime plaster finish is breathable, able to both absorb and exude water vapour depending on local conditions.
46.
25mm polished limecrete 65mm screed 150mm structural limecrete 270mm crushed foamglass
25mm lime render 450mm compressive straw bale 25mm lime render
250mm deep gravel drainage trench
465mm high brick course in lime mortar 230mm wide loosefill crushed foamglass 140x450x600mm structural foamglass 600mm wide compacted gravel footing
geotextile membrane geotextile membrane
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
detail 01
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:20 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.05.1
status
revision
Approved Document C Section 4: Floors Detail 02 demonstrates how the composition of the floor slab and adjoining access ramp prevent moisture wicking entering the structure. Structural foamglass and the gravel footing act as a vapour barrier, draining water away from the building: unless sodden, moisture will flow down. These few layers drain the base of the walls, a signficant issue in preventing the build up of moisture in the walls and the subsequent decay of the straw bales. The sub cill, an engineering brick in lime mortar, projects from underneath the door sill, angled to the outside enough to shed water. A gap of 10mm between the lip of the sub cill and the beginning of the ramp allows water to drip down into the gravel drainage channel. Whilst the sub cill is not greatly angled, a potential concern for water entering the building envelope, the shelter of the projecting roof and drainage strategies installed within the wall base should prevent any problems developing. This would be considered a low risk situation in the construction as it is only timber joinery at risk, not any structural component.
Approved Document M Section 1: Access to buildings other than dwellings Detailing of the sub cill to ensure an easy transition from ramp to threshold is seen in Detail 02. 48.
25mm timber deck with grip strips 70x40mm timber bearers 155x70mm timber base
250mm deep gravel drainage trench
215x102x65mm brick laid in lime mortar 400mm high brick course in lime mortar 2 x 140x450x600mm structural foamglass 600mm wide compacted gravel footing
geotextile membrane geotextile membrane
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
detail 02
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:20 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.05.2
status
revision
Approved Document C Section 4: Floors Detail 03 demonstrates how the composition of the floor slab and adjoining access ramp prevent moisture wicking entering the structure. Structural foamglass and the gravel footing act as a vapour barrier, draining water away from the building: unless sodden, moisture will flow down. These few layers drain the base of the walls, a signficant issue in preventing the build up of moisture in the walls and the subsequent decay of the straw bales. The sub cill, an engineering brick in lime mortar, projects from underneath the door sill, angled to the outside enough to shed water. A gap of 10mm between the lip of the sub cill and the beginning of the ramp allows water to drip down into the gravel drainage channel. Whilst the sub cill is not greatly angled, a potential concern for water entering the building envelope, the shelter of the projecting roof and drainage strategies installed within the wall base should prevent any problems developing. This would be considered a low risk situation in the construction as it is only timber joinery at risk, not any structural component.
Approved Document M Section 1: Access to buildings other than dwellings Detailing of the sub cill to ensure an easy transition from ramp to threshold is seen in Detail 03. 50.
25mm timber deck with grip strips 70x40mm timber bearers 155x70mm timber base
250mm deep gravel drainage trench
215x102x65mm brick laid in lime mortar 400mm high brick course in lime mortar 2 x 140x450x600mm structural foamglass 600mm wide compacted gravel footing
studio treen
studio treen
geotextile geotextile
studio huff treen and puff construction huff and ltd. puff construction sandmartins ltd. activity club sandmartins activity clubhouse club
arc 757 - management,studio practice & arc law7575 brixey's - management, lane practice & law treen jonathan jonathan davies wareham davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk dorset 07532 059 554 bh20554 4hl 07532 059
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
clubhouse detail 03
detail 03
project status drawn by
drawn date by
j. davies, riba part ii design development design development
23.01.2015 j. davies, riba part ii
1:20 layout id
1:20 date
A.05.323.01.2015
status layout id revision
A.05.3
Approved Document L2A Section 2: Criterion 1 Achieving the TER Detail 04 again demonstrates the simplicity of a wall construction using straw bales: a timber ring beam top and bottom, lime render either side, and thatâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s the essence of the structure. Flashing and moisture proofing is of course necessary but the basics are just that: basic. Additionally, to illustrate the green credentials of straw bale building, the graph opposite describes the amount of CO2 equivalent (or the Global Warming Potential - GWP) produced per tonne of building material. The organic materials show why their use is so beneficial: for those requiring little processing, they capture carbon rather than releasing it. Straw bales are at the very end of the spectrum and, even when covered in a coat of lime render, outperforms almost all materials but the other organics because it requires so little initial energy for processing. Itâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s cut as a byproduct of crops being harvested, then left to dry, baled and moved for storage. If it can be locally sourced, it sequesters even more carbon because less is released during transportation.
Graph from Wihan, J. (2007) Humidity in Straw Bale Walls and its Effect on the Decomposition of Straw
Therefore, arguably, building with such a material should almost immediately exempt one from the process of quantitatively measuring TER. Well insulated, carbon sequestering materials seem like they should qualify for special consideration under 2.23 and provisions made for their introduction as a more typical form of construction. 52.
255x120mm I-joists 400x200mm timber ring beam
25mm lime render 450mm compressive straw bale 25mm lime render
400x200mm timber ring beam
studio treen
studio treen
huff and puff construction ltd.
sandmartins activity club
clubhouse
detail 04
arc 757 - management, practice & law jonathan davies 1407870@my.aub.ac.uk 07532 059 554
5 brixey's lane wareham dorset bh20 4hl
sandford road sandford dorset bh20 7aj
project status
drawn by
design development
j. davies, riba part ii
1:20 date 23.01.2015
layout id
A.05.4
status
revision
COSTING
55.
This cost estimate has been prepared in close collaboration with Huff and Puff Construction Ltd. as the foundation of a pre-tender package for the Sandmartins Activity Centre project. All materials and material quantities calculated below have been done so using their expertise and experience in building to guide specifications. Except where marked with an asterix (*), the unit prices listed in the table have been provided by Huff and Puff Construction Ltd. using current trade prices from suppliers. Where marked with an asterix (*), prices are from Spon’s Architect’s and Builder’s Price Book.
57.
Groundworks Foundation
Item Excavation Disposal of soil, etc. Foam glass gravel Geotextile Bricks - Stratford Red Rustic
Timber (in Walls) Carcassing - 100x50mm Smartply OSB3 - 18mm Western red cedar fascia - 210x25mm Hardwood render stop Cascamite glue Hazel pins Sweet chesnut posts - 3500x150mm
Measure 1m3 1m3
Quantity 170 170
Cost per unit £20.00 £16.00
Estimate £3,400.00 £2,720.00
Contingency £340.00 £272.00
Total £3,740.00 £2,992.00
1m3 1m2 1000
170 294 2
£80.00 £2.00 £298.00*
£13,600.00 £588.00 £596.00
£1,360.00 £58.80 £59.60
£14,960.00 £646.80 £655.60
1m2 1m2 m m kg each each
500 228 250 250 50 800 6
£1.50 £10.00 £3.00 £2.00 £4.20 £1.00 £10.00
£750.00 £2,280.00 £750.00 £500.00 £210.00 £800.00 £60.00
£75.00 £228.00 £75.00 £50.00 £21.00 £80.00 £6.00
£825.00 £2,508.00 £825.00 £550.00 £231.00 £880.00 £66.00
Floor
Limecrete Floor finish - tbc
1m3
10 1
£200.00 £3,000.00
£2,000.00 £3,000.00
£200.00 £300.00
£2,200.00 £3,300.00
Roof & Ceiling
Timber I-beams - Steico SJ90 Marine plywood - 2400x1200mm EPDM Water based adhesive Contact adhesive Drainage membrane Geotextile LECA Sedum matting Timber shingles Stiffeners for I-beams - OSB 2440x1220x12mm Wall plate timber approx. 100mm square Twisted straps for wall plate connection
m sheet 1m2 10L 10L 1m2 1m2 50 1m2 1m2 sheet each each
540 10 300 10 5 300 300 50 150 120 50 80 60
£16.00 £50.00 £12.00 £80.00 £100.00 £5.00 £1.18 £16.92 £38.00 £56.25* £20.00 £10.00 £7.00
£8,640.00 £500.00 £3,600.00 £800.00 £500.00 £1,500.00 £354.00 £846.00 £5,700.00 £6,750.00 £1,000.00 £80.00 £420.00
£864.00 £50.00 £360.00 £80.00 £50.00 £150.00 £35.40 £84.60 £570.00 £675.00 £100.00 £8.00 £42.00
£9,504.00 £550.00 £3,960.00 £880.00 £550.00 £1,650.00 £389.40 £930.60 £6,270.00 £7,425.00 £1,100.00 £880.00 £462.00
Openings
External doors - Sapele glazed 762x1981x57mm Internal doors - FD30 826x2040x44mm Windows - double glazing 0.35-2.00m2 units Window and door trims
each each 1m2 m
4 4 30.43 100
£146.77* £128.85* £90.24* £5.00
£587.08 £515.40 £2,746.00 £500.00
£58.71 £51.54 £274.60 £50.00
£645.79 £566.94 £3,020.60 £550.00
Straw
Straw Twine Strapping
Render
bale m m
750 500 750
£4.00 £0.02 £0.30
£3,000.00 £10.00 £225.00
£300.00 £1.00 £22.50
£3,300.00 £11.00 £247.50
Lime mortar ready mixed Clay Hemp Sand
1T 1T 20kg bale bulk bag
10 4 16 12
£220.00 £200.00 £10.00 £50.00
£2,200.00 £800.00 £160.00 £600.00
£220.00 £80.00 £16.00 £60.00
£2,420.00 £880.00 £176.00 £660.00
Insulation
Thermafleece CosyWool
1m2
800
£9.00
£7,200.00
£72.00
£7,920.00
Electrics
Electrician
days
20
£170.00
£3,400.00
£34.00
£3,740.00
Furnishings
Kitchen Bathrooms Furniture Staircase - 2.6m rise timber straight flight
each each each each
1 3 1 1
£10,000.00 £3,000.00 £10,000.00 £1,020.00*
£10,000.00 £9,000.00 £10,000.00 £1,020.00
£1,000.00 £900.00 £1,000.00 £102.00
£11,000.00 £9,900.00 £11,000.00 £1,122.00
Sundries
Bolts, screws, ironmongery, PPE, etc.
£4,000.00
£4,000.00
£400.00
£4,400.00
Materials total
£126,090.20
Plant hire
Scaffolding Security fencing - 20 x 3.5m panels Telehandler Crane
Labour
Huff & Puff, including off site, etc. - skilled Huff & Puff, including off site, etc. - labourer Huff & Puff administration and meetings Sub contractors
Other total Total
each weeks weeks days
1 24 12 5
£8,000.00 £50.00 £250.00 £400.00
£8,000.00 £1,200.00 £3,000.00 £2,000.00
£800.00 £120.00 £300.00 £200.00
£8,800.00 £1,320.00 £3,300.00 £2,200.00
days days days
264 264 20
£140.00 £100.00 £140.00 £10,000.00
£36,960.00 £26,400.00 £2,800.00 £10,000.00
£3,696.00 £2,640.00 £280.00 £1,000.00
£40,656.00 £29,040.00 £3,080.00 £11,000.00 £99,396.00 £225,486.20
REFLECTION & DEVELOPMENT
61.
My international education has taught me many things, above all that I should focus on my passions and meeting people who share those passions to help define my path through the architectural profession. Beginning at the University of Sydney, the Bachelor of Design in Architecture was an unparalleled immersion into the architectural world. Generously proportioned studios with all-hours access created an atmosphere of social cohesion as students at every stage of their degree(s) lived and worked in these communal spaces. Design was balanced with communications, history and theory, construction and our electives: theory, with its view onto the wider world, was my point of fascination and inspired my undergraduate thesis. Examining Chekhov through Kierkegaard’s Fear and Trembling was a marvellous indulgence of esotericism but allowed me to position myself to readily recognise the importance of the wider wor(l)d and led to further engagement with philosophy through the works of De Bord, Descartes, Nietzsche, Pallasmaa and others. The draw of the faculty could be obsessive, even dangerously so, and limiting – there were few opportunities to collaborate outside of our bubble – but this allowed for complete engagement with faculty life. In my four years in the Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning I instigated a mentoring programme for first years, organised social occasions for staff and students, worked with the marketing branch of the faculty and this culminated in my employment as a communications tutor as well as an invitation to tutor theory. However, Australia’s curriculum lacked a sustainable focus. While we were taught a little about sun-shading, I cannot recall discussing the relative footprint of
2009 - Arthur Phillip High School 63.
2012 - Honours thesis project 64.
u-wert.net
Alle Angaben ohne Gewähr
SLU upper wall: Exterior wall, U=0,122 W/m²K
CONSTRUCTION
U = 0,122 W/m²K
(erstellt am 22.5.2014 16:25)
Wenig Tauwasser
(Wärmedämmung)
TA-Dämpfung: 303.0
(Moisture proofing)
EnEV Bestand*: U<0,24 W/m²K0.5
0
Raumluft: 20°C / 50%
Temperature amplitude attenuation: 303.0 Phase shift: 23.8h
Condensate: 0.10 kg/m²
Weight: 76 kg/m²
sd-value: 14.2 m
Thickness: 53.55 cm
Außenluft: -10°C / 80%
Timber truss with glazing
(Heat protection)
0 Condensate (kg) 1 104 g/m² (0.3%) Dries in 54 days
Temperaturverlauf / Tauwasserzone Temperature profile Temperatur Taupunkt Condensate
20
Temperatur [°C]
Biological material approach
15
1 2
3
4
10
5 6
5 0 -5
-10
From foundations to facade, the project incorporates biological materials at all levels. Timber piles were selected because they are a proven form of foundation that can be successfully removed and reused, removed and composted, or simply left in place with no adverse affect to their surroundings. Glulam was chosen for the primary structure and timber for the floors, secondary structure and facades to sequester carbon.
0
100
200
Inside
300
400
500
www.u-wert.net
5500
500
[mm]
Outside
1 Wood wool panel (15 mm) 3 Baustrohballen (450 mm) 5 Air (50 mm) 2 Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse (0, 4 Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse (0, 6 Spruce (20 mm) Rechts: Maßstäbliche Zeichnung des Bauteils. Links: Verlauf von Temperatur und Taupunkt an der in der rechten Abbildung markierten Stelle. Der Taupunkt kennzeichnet die Temperatur, bei der Wasserdampf kondensieren und Tauwasser entstehen würde. Solange die Temperatur der Konstruktion an jeder Stelle über der Taupunkttemperatur liegt, entsteht kein Tauwasser. Falls sich die beiden Kurven berühren, fällt an den Berührungspunkten Tauwasser aus.
Layers (from inside to outside) Folgende Tabelle enthält die wichtigsten Daten aller Schichten der Konstruktion: #
λ [W/mK]
Material Thermal contact resistance 1,5 cm Wood wool panel (15mm) 0,025 cm Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse 45 cm Baustrohballen (550 cm) 45 cm Spruce (50 cm) 0,025 cm Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse Thermal contact resistance 5 cm Air (ventilated layer) 2 cm Spruce 53,55 cm Whole component
1 2 3 4 5 6
R [m²K/W] 0,130 0,167 0,001 8,654 3,462 0,001 0,130
0,090 0,170 0,052 0,130 0,170
8,170
Temperatur [°C] min max 19,0 20,0 17,7 19,6 17,7 19,0 -9,6 19,0 -9,3 18,3 -9,6 -9,0 -10,0 -9,0 -10,0 -10,0 -10,0 -10,0
Straw bale insulation was selected as a renewable resource that can be inserted into the walls each winter then removed and digested or put straight onto the gardens in the spring. Material choices at all scales were informed by a desire to achieve in the project as little reliance on uncyclable mineral products as was practically achievable.
0,0 0,0 0,3 0,0 0,0
0,0 9,0 76,0
u-wert.net
SLU exhibition space wall: Exterior wall, U=0,103 W/m²K
U = 0,103 W/m²K
Kein Tauwasser
(Wärmedämmung)
0 Drying (Days) No condensate
(erstellt am 22.5.2014 16:44)
TA-Dämpfung: 769.2
(Moisture proofing)
EnEV Bestand*: U<0,24 W/m²K0.5
0
(Heat protection)
100
Horizontal timber cladding on timber substructure
Temperature amplitude attenuation: 769.2 Phase shift: 26.7h
Raumluft: 20°C / 50%
Condensate: 0.00 kg/m²
Weight: 128 kg/m²
Außenluft: -10°C / 80%
sd-value: 30002.0 m
Thickness: 100.2 cm
Temperaturverlauf / Tauwasserzone Temperature profile Temperatur Taupunkt
20 15 Temperatur [°C]
materials or even insulation in buildings. Practise at three firms (two commercial, one residential) in Sydney confirmed the issue as endemic: little consideration was given as to how a building might passively contribute to its internal environment when ‘air-con’ could be installed. In my disappointment, I resolved upon returning to the UK to search for somewhere with a sustainable bias on the strength of Northern Europe’s perceived progress in this field.
8,6 0,2 41,2 16,9 0,2
Seite 1/4 *Vergleich mit dem Höchstwert gemäß EnEV 2014 für erstmaligen Einbau, Ersatz oder Erneuerung von Außenwänden (Anlage 3, Tabelle 1, Zeile 1).. Alle Angaben ohne Gewähr Hier klicken, um das Bauteil auf www.u-wert.net zu bearbeiten.
Rammed earth cores prevent excavated soil needing to be taken off-site and provide high thermal mass to regulate temperatures.
Weight Condensate [kg/m²] [Gew%]
1
2
3
4
5
10 5 0 -5
-10 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10001100 [mm] www.u-wert.net Outside
Inside
5500
500
1 Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1.13 Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1.15 Glass (4 mm) 2 Baustrohballen (450 mm) 4 air (500 mm) Rechts: Maßstäbliche Zeichnung des Bauteils. Links: Verlauf von Temperatur und Taupunkt an der in der rechten Abbildung markierten Stelle. Der Taupunkt kennzeichnet die Temperatur, bei der Wasserdampf kondensieren und Tauwasser entstehen würde. Solange die Temperatur der Konstruktion an jeder Stelle über der Taupunkttemperatur liegt, entsteht kein Tauwasser. Falls sich die beiden Kurven berühren, fällt an den Berührungspunkten Tauwasser aus.
Layers (from inside to outside) Folgende Tabelle enthält die wichtigsten Daten aller Schichten der Konstruktion: # 1 2 3 4 5
Material Thermal contact resistance 2,4 cm Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1,1 45 cm Baustrohballen (550 cm) 45 cm Spruce (50 cm) 2,4 cm Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1,1 50 cm air (unventilated layer) 0,4 cm Glass Thermal contact resistance 100,2 cm Whole component
λ [W/mK] 0,033 0,052 0,130 0,033 2,778 0,760
R [m²K/W] 0,130 0,738 8,654 3,462 0,738 0,180 0,005 0,040 9,671
Temperatur [°C] min max 19,3 20,0 15,1 19,6 -7,2 17,5 -5,7 16,0 -9,4 -4,8 -9,9 -9,0 -9,9 -9,8 -10,0 -9,8
*Vergleich mit dem Höchstwert gemäß EnEV 2014 für erstmaligen Einbau, Ersatz oder Erneuerung von Außenwänden (Anlage 3, Tabelle 1, Zeile 1)..
Weight Condensate [kg/m²] [Gew%] 30,0 41,2 16,9 30,0 0,0 10,0
0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
128,1
Seite 1/4
Hier klicken, um das Bauteil auf www.u-wert.net zu bearbeiten.
Operable timber shutters (open upwards as drawn)
I returned to the UK after seven years of continuous work and study in Australia and spent a year casually odd-jobbing before my next degree. I gardened, I assisted in performing an internal renovation, I became involved in a local theatre company and I attended a straw bale construction course with the Dorset Centre for Rural Skills. The few days learning from Rob Buckley inspired and intrigued: how far could natural and alternative building methods be pushed and how readily would they be accepted?
Wood fibre insulation between timber joists
Straw bale insulation with moisture monitoring device
After much deliberation and applications to a dozen Scandinavian universities, I commenced my Master of Architecture at Umeå Arkitekthögskolan in the Laboratory for Sustainable Architectural Production. All course literature had convinced me that this degree immerse me in sustainable strategies and whilst sorely disappointed by the quality and detachment of teaching staff the studio environment was similarly convivial to Sydney: my peers responsible for the greater part of my education (and sanity) in the first year.
Glulam structure on massive timber ring beam
Brick with lime mortar on unfired clay cap
The international demographic (Scandinavians, American, Baltic, Dutch, German, Irish, Kiwi and myself) and shared interest in ecologically responsive and responsible architecture has led to fascinating peerled discussions on many topics and the sharing of a vast
Log pile foundation
2014 - Umeå Centre Ecology Plant 65.Structural axonometric 1:500
Constructional section 1:20
Jonathan Davies LSAP 8
2014 - Sherborne Arts Cabin with Huff & Puff 66.
number of digital and physical resources. Our shared passions aroused even more as we shared our unique interests and, despite any disillusionment motivated by faculty members, I would not be without the many and varied influences of my fellow students.
enrolment in Straw Works’ School of Natural Building and my avid engagement with theory and criticism will most likely be played out in a PhD, hopefully with benefits to both sides. Following the successful completion of my thesis I would wish immediately to assist with the AUB summer school to reinforce my tutoring credentials and restart my academic tutoring. Given my academic yet practical ambitions, I would then seek employment at Nicolas Tye Architects – or another, suitably environmentally aware studio – to hone my understanding of British architectural practise and gain my RIBA Part 3, working for a few years full-time in the office before seeking part-time employment at a university and transitioning to the academic environment.
However, despondent at the quality of teaching and lack of opportunities to engage in Umeå I organised myself onto this exchange to AUB by way of improving my mental ecology and better locating myself for my intended thesis project on the Somerset Levels. Over the summer I took every opportunity I could afford to attend skill-building courses - SummerMAKE 2014 with the Architectural Association and EcoRefurbishment with the Centre for Alternative Technology - worked labouring on a private domestic project cladding external walls, installing underfloor insulation and laying floor and volunteered on a local straw bale build constructing a community arts centre.
Ideally, ultimately, I intend on holding an academic post, running a practise where I need only take on jobs that interest me and own enough land to experiment and practice living sustainably. I will equip myself with the relevant experience and garner support from my network of contacts to coordinate my own short courses, conferring my interpretation of sustainability with constructional experience to others. To this end, I will continue travelling and searching out people and opportunities to enrich my knowledge of vernacular architectures and the use of alternative building materials.
These practical experiences reinforced the conviction that I can’t get stuck behind a desk after graduation, however interesting the design work. I wish to understand and engage with construction from the inside-out, for my interest in philosophy to be examined practically and construction scrutinised philosophically. Making seems not only an attractive future proposition but an inevitable one if I’m to follow the path I’ve set upon. To this end, I am attending Archaism, Amnesia and Anarchy in/of Architecture with the Iceland Academy of the Arts in June to confront sustainability in architecture through another lens, learning about the vernacular response to a challenging climate using only natural materials. I believe that in the next decade my interest in architectural assembly may lead to
67.
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2012
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King Arthurâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Community College 2001-2005
Pennant Hills High School 2006-2007
University of Sydney Undergraduate 2008-2011
Scott Carver Internship 2008
University of Sydney Communications Tutor 2011
Bureau SRH Architectural Assistant 2011-2012
JPW Architectural Assistant 2012
DCRS Straw Bale Building 2013
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2020
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2019
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UMA MArch (LSAP) 2013-2015
AA SummerMAKE 2014
AUB MArch Exchange 2014-2015
ﾃ行lenski AAAi/oA 2015
nicolas tye architects Part 2 Graduate 2015-2018
studio treen Self Employment 2015-
TBC RIBA Part 3 2018-2019
TBC PhD 2019-2022
CAT Eco-Refurbishment 2014
TBC Academic post 2018-
PERSONAL DOCUMENTS
71.
Jonathan Michael Davies Citizenship
Mobile
Digital portfolio
Australian + British +44 7532 059 554
About me
I’m a student with experience behind the desk and hands-on in construction. In practise, my responsibilities included design development, working to code and within planning regulations; coordinating with consultants to compile development applications; and organising the documentation within a team. On-site experience comes through volunteering with Huff and Puff Construction to assist with the soon-to-becompleted Sherborne Arts Cabin, as well as domestic jobs on a renovation in Moray and new build in Dorset.
jonathan.m.davies@live.co.uk issuu.com/jonathandavies/docs/bdesarch.hons
Employment history
Competitions
Extracurricular activities
Swedish Institute - www.eng.si.se October 2013 - July 2014
Solar Decathlon 2014
Arts Cabin Project Sherborne Arts Link & Huff and Puff Construction 2014
Blogger
63+ House
Construction Volunteer
An entry for the Solar Decathlon with fellow architecture Recruited by Umeå Universitet, I worked to digitally chronicle students Felicia Minicz, Conn O’Farrell, Joakim Svahn and and publish my experience of settling in the north of Sweden Chris Voss and engineering students Natxo Garcia and Ambassador & Volunteer European Capital of Culture on behalf of the Swedish Institute. Jenny Öhrling. Umeå2014
Architectural Assistant
Johnson Pilton Walker Pty Ltd - www.jpw.com.au January 2012 - June 2012
Courses
Eco-Refurbishment
Centre for Alternative Technology, September 2014
Actor, Publications Designer and Set Painter Stab in the Dark Theatre Company Comic Relief 2013
As one of the One Central Park Team, I assisted with the A week-long course in the improvement of building fabric coordination, production and transmittal of documentation. and performance through sustainably-minded strategies, 90km cycle ride I’ve always striven to design sustainable strategies to Experience in document control, Microstation 2D and door run by Nick Parsons of Sustainable Building. Charity ride for MS Austraila and window schedules. excite the senses and engage occupants. Sydney to Gong Ride 2011
Education
Master of Fine Arts in Architecture Arts University Bournemouth United Kingdom 2014-2015
Master of Fine Arts in Architecture Laboratory of Sustainable Architectural Production Umeå School of Architecture Sweden 2013-2015
Bachelor of Design in Architecture with Honours First Class & University Medal (Allied Arts in Architecture) University of Sydney Australia 2008-2011
Higher School Certificate UAI 96.30 Pennant Hills High School Australia 2006-2007
11 GCSEs A*-C
King Arthur’s Community College Great Britain 2000-2005
Academic prizes and scholarships
J.B. Watt Travelling & Eleanor Sophia Wood Postgraduate Research Scholarships Community Engagement Prize - Undergraduate University of Sydney Honours Scholarship Dean’s List of Excellence in Academic Performance University of Sydney Entry Scholarship Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney 2008-2013
Architectural Assistant
Bureau SRH - www.bureausrh.com July 2011 - January 2012
AA SummerMAKE: Dangerous Dwellings Hooke Park, July 2014
Hospitality Volunteer
Natural Artifice: National Architecture Conference 2011
Two weeks of designing and building a ‘dangerous dwelling’ The Right to the City Exhibition 2011 My responsibilities included design development for clients, at the AA’s Hooke Park facility. Coordinated by Luke Olsen, applying DCP and LEP controls and preparing Development Aaron Chetwynd and James Wignall. 22km Half Marathon Applications for submission. Experience in AutoCAD 2010 Charity run for Sydney Children’s Hospital Foundation Straw Bale Building Course and coordinating with consultants. Blackmores Running Festival 2011 Dorset Centre for Rural Skills, May 2013
Faculty Ambassador and Student Liaison Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney March 2011 - March 2012
A two-day intensive course of theory and building work Coordinator and Mentor learning the basic techniques of practical building with First Year Mentor Program straw bales led by Rob Buckley of DCRS Construction. University of Sydney 2010-2011
Engaging with prospective students as they visited the References 14km Charity Run faculty, leading tours and answering their questions, I Ross Anderson Charity run for Emergency Architects Australia worked closely with the marketing department to promote Senior Lecturer in Architecture: Design, History and Theory; Degree City2Surf 2010 + 2011 the University of Sydney experience. Program Director (Bachelor of Design in Architecture)
BDES1012 Architectural Communications Tutor Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney March 2011 - June 2011
Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney E r.anderson@sydney.edu.au
Glen Hill
Scott Carver - www.scottcarver.com.au June 2008 - July 2008
Sydney University Designers’ Association University of Sydney 2009-2011
Associate Professor; Coordinator M. Arch Sustainable Architecture
Executive Member
E glen.hill@sydney.edu.au
Graduate Exhibition Committee Member
I taught architectural draughting, graphics, modelling and Studio; Director of the Master of Architecture Program verbal presentation skills. This position required excellent Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning communication, organisation and motivation. University of Sydney
Architectural Intern
Executive Member
Chris L. Smith
Architecture Revue Club University of Sydney 2008-2011
Graduate Exhibition 2010: Archipelago University of Sydney 2010
Associate Dean (Education); Associate Professor in Architectural Design and Techné Student Point of Contact My first internship in which I assisted in the annotation Faculty of Architecture, Design and Planning University of Sydney Union and amendment of architectural drawings for design University of Sydney University of Sydney 2009 development and constructional documentation. E chris.smith@sydney.edu.au
73.
SLU upper wall: Exterior wall, U=0,122 W/m²K
CONSTRUCTION
U = 0,122 W/m²K
(erstellt am 22.5.2014 16:25)
Wenig Tauwasser
(Wärmedämmung)
TA-Dämpfung: 303.0
(Moisture proofing)
EnEV Bestand*: U<0,24 W/m²K0.5
0
Timber truss with glazing
(Heat protection)
0 Condensate (kg) 1 104 g/m² (0.3%) Dries in 54 days
Temperature amplitude attenuation: 303.0 Phase shift: 23.8h
Raumluft: 20°C / 50%
Condensate: 0.10 kg/m²
Weight: 76 kg/m²
Außenluft: -10°C / 80%
sd-value: 14.2 m
Thickness: 53.55 cm
Temperaturverlauf / Tauwasserzone Temperature profile Temperatur Taupunkt Condensate
20 15 Temperatur [°C]
Biological material approach
1 2
3
4
10
5 6
5 0 -5
-10
From foundations to facade, the project incorporates biological materials at all levels. Timber piles were selected because they are a proven form of foundation that can be successfully removed and reused, removed and composted, or simply left in place with no adverse affect to their surroundings. Glulam was chosen for the primary structure and timber for the floors, secondary structure and facades to sequester carbon.
0
100
200
Inside
300
400
500
www.u-wert.net
5500
500
[mm]
Outside
1 Wood wool panel (15 mm) 3 Baustrohballen (450 mm) 5 Air (50 mm) 2 Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse (0, 4 Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse (0, 6 Spruce (20 mm) Rechts: Maßstäbliche Zeichnung des Bauteils. Links: Verlauf von Temperatur und Taupunkt an der in der rechten Abbildung markierten Stelle. Der Taupunkt kennzeichnet die Temperatur, bei der Wasserdampf kondensieren und Tauwasser entstehen würde. Solange die Temperatur der Konstruktion an jeder Stelle über der Taupunkttemperatur liegt, entsteht kein Tauwasser. Falls sich die beiden Kurven berühren, fällt an den Berührungspunkten Tauwasser aus.
Layers (from inside to outside) Folgende Tabelle enthält die wichtigsten Daten aller Schichten der Konstruktion: #
λ [W/mK]
Material Thermal contact resistance 1,5 cm Wood wool panel (15mm) 0,025 cm Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse 45 cm Baustrohballen (550 cm) 45 cm Spruce (50 cm) 0,025 cm Isocell CLIMA-SUPER Dampfbremse Thermal contact resistance 5 cm Air (ventilated layer) 2 cm Spruce 53,55 cm Whole component
1 2 3 4 5 6
R [m²K/W] 0,130 0,167 0,001 8,654 3,462 0,001 0,130
0,090 0,170 0,052 0,130 0,170
8,170
Temperatur [°C] min max 19,0 20,0 17,7 19,6 17,7 19,0 -9,6 19,0 -9,3 18,3 -9,6 -9,0 -10,0 -9,0 -10,0 -10,0 -10,0 -10,0
U = 0,103 W/m²K
Kein Tauwasser
(Wärmedämmung)
0
0 Drying (Days) No condensate
Außenluft: -10°C / 80%
(erstellt am 22.5.2014 16:44)
TA-Dämpfung: 769.2
(Moisture proofing)
EnEV Bestand*: U<0,24 W/m²K0.5
(Heat protection)
100
Horizontal timber cladding on timber substructure
Temperature amplitude attenuation: 769.2 Phase shift: 26.7h
Condensate: 0.00 kg/m²
Weight: 128 kg/m²
sd-value: 30002.0 m
Thickness: 100.2 cm
Temperaturverlauf / Tauwasserzone Temperature profile Temperatur Taupunkt
20 15 Temperatur [°C]
Material choices at all scales were informed by a desire to achieve in the project as little reliance on uncyclable mineral products as was practically achievable.
0,0 0,0 0,3 0,0 0,0
0,0 9,0 76,0
u-wert.net
SLU exhibition space wall: Exterior wall, U=0,103 W/m²K
Raumluft: 20°C / 50%
Straw bale insulation was selected as a renewable resource that can be inserted into the walls each winter then removed and digested or put straight onto the gardens in the spring.
8,6 0,2 41,2 16,9 0,2
Seite 1/4 *Vergleich mit dem Höchstwert gemäß EnEV 2014 für erstmaligen Einbau, Ersatz oder Erneuerung von Außenwänden (Anlage 3, Tabelle 1, Zeile 1).. Alle Angaben ohne Gewähr Hier klicken, um das Bauteil auf www.u-wert.net zu bearbeiten.
Rammed earth cores prevent excavated soil needing to be taken off-site and provide high thermal mass to regulate temperatures.
Weight Condensate [kg/m²] [Gew%]
1
2
3
4
5
10 5 0 -5
-10 0 100 200 300 400 500 600 700 800 900 10001100 [mm] www.u-wert.net Outside
Inside
5500
500
1 Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1.13 Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1.15 Glass (4 mm) 2 Baustrohballen (450 mm) 4 air (500 mm) Rechts: Maßstäbliche Zeichnung des Bauteils. Links: Verlauf von Temperatur und Taupunkt an der in der rechten Abbildung markierten Stelle. Der Taupunkt kennzeichnet die Temperatur, bei der Wasserdampf kondensieren und Tauwasser entstehen würde. Solange die Temperatur der Konstruktion an jeder Stelle über der Taupunkttemperatur liegt, entsteht kein Tauwasser. Falls sich die beiden Kurven berühren, fällt an den Berührungspunkten Tauwasser aus.
Layers (from inside to outside) Folgende Tabelle enthält die wichtigsten Daten aller Schichten der Konstruktion: # 1 2 3 4 5
Material Thermal contact resistance 2,4 cm Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1,1 45 cm Baustrohballen (550 cm) 45 cm Spruce (50 cm) 2,4 cm Insulation glass, double glazed, Ug=1,1 50 cm air (unventilated layer) 0,4 cm Glass Thermal contact resistance 100,2 cm Whole component
λ [W/mK] 0,033 0,052 0,130 0,033 2,778 0,760
R [m²K/W] 0,130 0,738 8,654 3,462 0,738 0,180 0,005 0,040 9,671
Temperatur [°C] min max 19,3 20,0 15,1 19,6 -7,2 17,5 -5,7 16,0 -9,4 -4,8 -9,9 -9,0 -9,9 -9,8 -10,0 -9,8
*Vergleich mit dem Höchstwert gemäß EnEV 2014 für erstmaligen Einbau, Ersatz oder Erneuerung von Außenwänden (Anlage 3, Tabelle 1, Zeile 1)..
Weight Condensate [kg/m²] [Gew%] 30,0 41,2 16,9 30,0 0,0 10,0
0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0 0,0
128,1
Seite 1/4
Hier klicken, um das Bauteil auf www.u-wert.net zu bearbeiten.
Operable timber shutters (open upwards as drawn)
Wood fibre insulation between timber joists
Straw bale insulation with moisture monitoring device
Glulam structure on massive timber ring beam
Brick with lime mortar on unfired clay cap
Log pile foundation
2009 - Cohousing, Woolloomooloo Structural axonometric 1:500
Constructional section 1:20
Jonathan Davies LSAP 8
2014 - Ume책 Centre Ecology Plant
2014 - AA SummerMAKE Dangerous Dwellings
2015 - Bridgwater retrofit project