Cross Flow Cooling Tower
Water Treatment of Cooling Tower Here in the Phoenix metropolitan area, adverse water conditions require intelligent treatment strategies to adequately maintain water cooled equipment water. Proper management of water features sink cooling tower, along with maintaining good tower hygiene in general carried out at least four positive things. 1) It avoids wasting excess water. 2) It inhibits scale formation. 3) It controls biological growth. 4) The rate of corrosion of the metal parts of the tower is reduced. We will discuss how a cooling tower works to understand why proper water treatment is important. Most Valley residents are familiar with an evaporative cooler. The evaporative cooler sump water is circulated by a pump of the evaporative cooler pads and the outside air is sucked through the pads. As the air is drawn through the wet pads of the water evaporates and cools the air. The cold air is then circulated in the space where cooling is desired. In the process of cooling the air, the water being recirculated through the pads are also cooled. That's exactly the same principle that is used in the cooling tower but on a much larger scale. Rejecting large amounts of heat of the mechanical system of a building requires a large amount of water to evaporate. For example, a water cooled chiller hundred tons running at full capacity for 24 hours would require the evaporation of more than four thousand liters of water. This brings us to the topic of makeup water features. Make up water is the water that replaces the water that evaporates in the cooling tower. Here in the metro area, water conditions vary widely because our water comes from several different wells and surface sources. Water quality may change rapidly in a short period of time due to different sources are used to supply water. Each well has different water features and often vary greatly from one side of town to the other. The water comes from surface sources such as the Central Arizona Project
usually has significantly different characteristics from well water. Surface water quality may also be influenced by weather conditions such as drought or increased runoff. As the water evaporates in the cooling tower of all non- volatile components remain behind in the sump of the cooling tower. Indeed, there is much more water than we could draw hardness (carbonates). There are also chlorides, suspended dust particles and biological organisms. As more and more water is added to replace the water being evaporated, these dissolved components and suspended in the sump water continues to accumulate. If no measures are taken to control the concentration of these components in water, the solution time increases in concentration to a point where "things" start to come out of solution. This "stuff" ends up being deposited on surfaces that come in contact with water. counter flow cooling tower Have you ever seen an evaporative cooler where the pads have not been changed a long time? I’ve seen so encrusted with mineral deposits that the fan could not pull air through them. I have also been producing a bounty of biological growth in the water sump. That's exactly what will happen in a cooling tower and without proper attention to hygiene and strategy appropriate water treatment. When the solids are dissolved in the water come out of solution which was first deposited on the heat exchange surfaces and surfaces where the water evaporates. Heat exchangers , condensers, water cooled eliminators , the tube bundle in the cooling towers and closed circuit filling of open cooling towers are examples of areas where this occurs . The deposition of mineral scale, dirt or biological contamination of the heat exchange surfaces can result in reduced heat transfer, reducing the efficiency of the tower and increased energy costs. Although reducing the deposition of these is important with respect to the cooling tower, it is absolutely critical to prevent scaling or fouling in the water cooled condenser. Enlargement and dirt in the condenser significantly reduces heat transfer capacity and seriously affect energy costs, performance and reliability. Timber cooling tower A two-part strategy is generally employed to manage the mineral content of the water in the sump. The first part is to maintain the pH of the water from the sump within allowable limits and to feed the type and amount of chemicals to help keep water over the dissolved solids in solution. The second part is intentionally sending a portion of the water from the sump drains (drain). Reduces highly concentrated blow down water manifold diluting with fresh makeup water is added to replace water lost intentionally mineral content. Biological growth can also become a significant health risk depending on the particular organism involved. Allow the clay and biological growth from accumulating in the sump of a cooling tower can
accelerate corrosion and shorten the sump lifecycle cooling tower. It can also provide a haven for microbes to escape the effects of a biocide. Treatment strategy adequate water and good hygiene cooling tower is not a one size fits all solution. Water quality offset require an adjustment of the type of chemicals and biocides used. It may also require changing feed and bleed rates for proper control. In addition, these requirements may be altered by the characteristics of each individual cooling tower installation. According to Alan Bateman of DB Water Technologies, there are several things that a good water treatment program for cooling tower must be addressed in order to be effective. Are dissolved Total ( TDS ) solids, hardness , pH , chlorides , suspended solids , a suitable method for biological control and purge a suitable strategy . Each manufacturer publishes recommendations cooling tower to maintain proper water sump water conditions. We recommend the advice of a qualified professional treatment to ensure that each item above is included in your overall strategy for water treatment cooling tower waters.
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