Invention Journal of Research Technology in Engineering & Management (IJRTEM) www.ijrtem.com Ç Volume 1 Ç Issue 7 Ç
ISSN: 2455-3689
Evaluate deficiencies and shortages for the Libyan Residential Urban Planning. Case Study, Surman City, Libya using Arc (GIS) as technical tools Farhat M Emhemed1, Manal Mohsen Abood2 1, 2
(Faculty of Engineering and Technology Infrastructure, Infrastructure University Kuala Lumpur, (IUKL), Malaysia, 43000, Kuala Lumpur)
ABSTRACT: The change in human society and the population increase in Surman citypopulation has led to an increase in environmental problems and the increasing depletion of resources and natural resources and non-optimal use of land. This has led to the disparity in the distribution of services, functions, lack of recreational areas, green areas, playgrounds, and other services. Surman City scheme suffers from many problems, particularly the spread of housing projects. This has to be reconsidered in the ways of development and the urban environment of the city planning. Sustainable urban planning is one of the most important ways and strategies that can be followed for a diaper on Surman city scheme and preserves the rights of future generations to live in urban and convenient style. The purpose of this research evaluation of residential areas Surman city scheme to know shortages and deficiencies of the scheme of the city and their suitability for the planning of an urban sustainability using Arc (GIS) technology. It isimportant means in the fields of life, especially the areas of sustainable urban planning where they can be utilized in the analysis and conclusions, as well as future studies accurately and fast. The study found out that appropriate measurable indicators can be relied upon to develop design criteria for residential that will help to achieve a sustainable urban plan during the preparation of urban schemes or develop existing schemes. Keywords: Evaluate residential urban planning,GIS, Sustainable urban planning, Residential urban planning.
Introduction Increase and the rapid growth of population in the world is concentrated in urban cities, it is expected that by 2030 more than 60% of the world's population will reside in urban areas(Nations, 2004). This requires the development of rapid urbanization and the expansion of residential areas to the cities schemes and infrastructure development in the presence of population crawl and depletion of natural resources and an optimal use of land (Hammer, Stewart, Winkler, Radeloff, & Voss, 2004). This has led to the development of residential areas in many cases to have impact on open spaces and inequality in the distribution ratios for functions services which impact on the style and dynamics and functions of urban areas and ecosystems for the development of residential areas(Irwin & Bockstael, 2004). Sustainable urban planning has become an important element to achieve the principles of sustainability and the ideal solution for residential and urban areas facing restriction by social-economic level, environmental pressure, population pressure and traffic pressure, etc.(Xu & Coors, 2012) . Data and results on residential area development can thus be significantlyused to understand the ways to raise the urban landscape change and help guide government agencies and planners in the optimal use of land and ways of preserving the environment and natural resources and protection (Yin, Kong, & Zhang, 2011) . The planning stage started first in Libya during the advent of Economic Development when it was preparing plans for the development of important cities and villages in between (1968 - 1988). It focused on urban growth without addressing the regional studies. There were two schemes established then, the first which was integrated detailed plans for major cities named overall schemes. While the second type of schemes for cities and villages was named general schemes used to separate residential areas for service activities. During the second year of the economic development (1969), it has prepared the first stage of it schemes because of the improved economic situation of the country and the significant increase in the population growth and the development of communities (Sheibani & Havard, 2005). By the end of the seventies, it has initiated planning in the second stage (1980 - 2000). The stage included the preparation of a national plan, a long-term plan stage that included the preparation of four(4) regional schemes, eighteen(18) regional scheme subcategories, and the preparation and development of 240 schemes for other cities. This stage was based on a comprehensive and detailed foundations of the planning system adopted by all the regions. At the end of the second stage of planning, Urban Planning Department began the preparation of the third planning stage, which was named third generation schemes and the set time period for this stage was (2000-2025) (Libya, 2010). Urban planning criteria are one the most important means of the preparation and implementation of urban plans and considered to be the guidance or directory to help in the preparation of programs and development of schemes and the development of communities through housing development and facilities and infrastructure. It also helps in the NEEDs assessment of land for the purpose of providing services with acceptable criteria in the long term and to maintain the land (studies, 2000). It is important to note that the failure to achieve the principles of sustainability in the built environment in Surman city scheme will lead to the wasting of natural resources and making it difficult to create an eco-friendly environment. The result of the research was presented to a converted access to set measurable indicators for Surman city special scheme for sustainable Urban Planning and to measure their suitability with the aid of an Arc (GIS) technology to serve as a criterion. It measures the appropriateness of any future project sustainability concept to be implemented within the planned city. It also recognizes the reality of Surman city scheme and the
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