_AID Manual for land allocation and façade requirements
_UPCYCLE AMSTEL
_Digitalisation
_Financial analysis
_Success of the IOOR
_ISKOR
Case Amstel-Stad
Water and green structure Amstel-Stad
ArenAPoort MORO
IAP Wallengebied
IOOR in Bospolder-Tussendijken, Rotterdam
City Deal Public Space
Method for Spatial Climate Adaptation
BiodiverCITY_A Matter of Vital Soil!
_Working together on the soil
_Onder Het Maaiveld (Below Ground Level)
_Academic Workshop Soil
_Hidden BiodiverCITY
_Messages to the city council
Ecological water quality
Noorder IJplas
Sustainable Area Development
Haven-Stad Development Strategy
Feasibility study Zaanstraat railway emplacement
Study circular economy Zaanstraat railway emplacement
Haarlemmerweg - N200
Molenwerf restructuring
Landscape in Cohesion
Amstelscheg
Amstelscheg A9
Public Space Design
Tamed Wilderness
Vlisco Park
Professor Dr. Dorgelolaan
Van der Pekbuurt
Gentiaanplein
Overhoeks
NDSM Temporary Ferry Landing
NDSM dock
Pitstop
Trauma landscape
Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet
_Exhibition Neues Licht
Watch Tower Berlin Wall
Incomplete landscape
_Exhibition Incomplete landscape
Sowing the Wind
Mine railway
One of a kind
The Devies Magazine 2039
The Memory of Trees
Joyce van den Berg is driven by the potential of the unknown and a genuine passion for science, art and ecology. She is by nature an explorer, pioneer and innovator. As an experienced and talented landscape architect she has for many years devoted her strengths and creativity to the public space and a sustainable, climateresilient future for cities. In both her own creative process and in collaboration with others, Van den Berg sees learning, investigating and visualising as fixed elements of the design process. Thanks to her large network and her own curiosity, Van den Berg closely follows (innovative) trends in scientific research. With this approach, she is able to identify knowledge gaps and new challenges at an early stage, and knows how to convert these into practice-oriented and evidencebased solutions and methods.
By Hans van der Made, senior urban planning and strategic adviser spatial planning of the City
W ORKING METHOD
Innovative projects and complex transition processes form the golden thread throughout the work of Joyce van den Berg. In the middle of uncertainty and chaos that other people might shy away from, Van den Berg is in her element: she discerns new structures in the chaos, converts inspiration into innovation and, of course, collaborates in an interdisciplinary manner. With her methodical way of thinking and working, she knows how to make complex tasks accessible and manageable in small steps. Van den Berg is fully committed to creating public and ecological value while at the same time ensuring a positive, horizontal organisational structure where people enjoy delivering high quality. As a designer, she not only achieves structure and innovations in spatial and landscape architecture challenges, but also in the chaotic “ecology” of the bureaucratic system itself. A motivating question in this regard is how municipal collaborative structures, funding techniques and accountability processes can be better set up to facilitate sustainability and densification tasks within the limited time available for these.
As can be seen from her portfolio, Van den Berg has developed herself during her career from a designer-illustrator of spatial plans into a designer-initiator who develops new policy fields and innovative design methods, and prepares a new generation of designers for the complex issues of our time. With her passion for learning, Van den Berg is always looking for new knowledge and developing new ideas. In recent years, her work also includes a growing number of more tactical and strategic projects with a strong agenda-setting component for both design and policy. Examples of this are the Integral Design Method Public Space (Dutch acronym IOOR), BiodiverCITY and the ecological water quality in the Integral Area Plan (IAP) Wallengebied. A common factor in these projects is the emphasis on research and close collaboration with researchers and knowledge institutions. The strength of these innovative projects lies in the robust exchange between theory and policy, on the one hand, and the operational side of design practice on the other. Her strong focus on the ‘but how’ of sustainability and integration issues is highly valued by fellow designers and fills a gap in present approaches to making the spatial domain more sustainable.
Innovation and transformation processes require not just vision and creativity, but also persistence and the ability to deal with resistance. Van den Berg has for many years studied both the theoretical and practical aspects of how creativity, innovation processes, behavioural change, organisational change and, ultimately, societal change unfold. On the Roger’s curve, Van den Berg is part of the 2.5% of innovators who lead the way in developing new technologies.
Risk takers who have the resources and desire to try new things, even if they fail.
Are selective about which technologies they start using. They are considered ‘one to check in with’ for new information and reduce others uncertainty about new technology by adopting it.
Technology Adoption Curve
Take their time before adopting a new idea. They are willing to embrace a new technology as long as they understand how it fits with their lives.
Adopt in reaction to peer pressure, emerging norms or economic necessity. Most of the uncertainty around an idea must be resolved before they adopt.
Are traditional and make decisions based on past experience. They are often economically unable to take risks on new ideas.
In that capacity, she has on many occasions, experienced the “law of the handicap of a head start”. Using positive emotions is an important tactic for Van den Berg when it comes to dealing with resistance and not being discouraged by the umpteenth “no”. However, motivating each other to think in terms of opportunities instead of obstacles is vital to ensure good collaboration with colleagues, interns, and other project partners.
For major transformation processes, Van den Berg deploys a range of knowledge and expertise, such as the IOOR method that changes the entire design process of the public space. A case in point is the “big, small, inside, outside” tactic for change in which the “big” story (with background and future vision) is told in presentations and publications, and at the same time, the small story (personal and applied stories) is shared with colleagues and acquaintances. Investments are also made in building up mutual understanding and recognition in a large network of collaborative partners and stakeholders external to the own organisation. Creating support outside of the organisation helps to accelerate change within the organisation.
Neural networks and living systems form a major source of inspiration in the work of Van den Berg. Take, for example, her large professional network in the Netherlands and internationally, as a result of which playful ideas quickly develop into successful collaborative projects. An important pillar of this approach is “diagonal collaboration” with colleagues and partners from all sections of the organisation and society. Joyce possesses a considerableadaptive capacity to continually adjust course and content
based on external and internal fluctuations, just like mycelium threads or plant roots that widely explore the environment, but also very effectively determine a route and form to utilise raw materials as efficiently as possible. In practice, this means continually and quickly switching between systems thinking and considerations for the technical realisation. Her Research & Development approach, which extends from scientific research and policy to the practical application in design, implementation and management, is known to large technical companies but is relatively unique in the municipal context. Despite her growing influence on policy, Van den Berg has, in recent years, deliberately chosen to retain applied design projects in her work package. Within these projects, the focus lies on combining technical innovation, high social-ecological value and system change. For example, the Integral Design Method Public Space (p.18) emerged from the project for transforming Amstel-Stad and was further developed based on the redevelopment of the city centre of Amsterdam (p.60). At the same time, Van den Berg continues to strive for workable and future-oriented policy development and legislation via the City Deal Public Space (p.72) and for putting the importance of soil and biodiversity on the agenda via research initiatives like BiodiverCITY (p.78), Hidden BiodiverCITY (p.89) and the Academic Workshop Soil (p.88).
Van den Berg is also regularly invited to share her knowledge with other cities and universities by, for example, giving guest lectures at the University of Weimar (Germany) and Rhode Island School of Design (USA), or lectures in Jakarta and Tokyo. In turn, this knowledge dissemination with a diverse public and people representing a range of disciplines also creates input for the innovation and development of ideas that underlie her projects.
Van den Berg’s innovation at the project and system levels is always informed and driven by data and science. She and her design team regularly adopt the “data detective” mode to discover or generate relevant data for the underpinning of design decisions and to discover new challenges. One such example is the growing role of digital tools and artificial intelligence in supporting and accelerating the design and management of public space. In recent years, Van den Berg’s team has devoted attention to developing and applying parametric design tools for the more efficient organisation of the underground of public space but also for innovative visualisations, such as the IOOR digitalisation (p.32). Developments in artificial intelligence are closely followed to investigate new ways of thinking, working and communicating in a playful manner, such as The Integral Way (p.10). Developing a new concept into a proven design system requires a lot of work and steps. Van den Berg therefore applies the TRL method to system change in the spatial domain. Due to the extreme complexity and risk associated with spaceflight, NASA developed a structured measurement system to gauge how “ready” a certain innovation is, and this approach is known as the Technology Readiness Level or TRL. Now, the TRL is used for innovations in many different domains, although its use is still relatively new in spatial planning.
In a nutshell, Van den Berg’s working method is characterised by continuous innovation, interdisciplinary collaboration, scientific research, and room for living systems. Thus, she knows, for example, how to combine complex spatial projects with all major sustainability issues to create integral designs for a liveable city in the future.
By Joyce van den Berg
PREPARING FOR THE FUTURE
The world is in transition. Old systems, working methods and concepts can no longer guarantee a safe, liveable or sustainable future. In the spatial domain, and especially in the public space, the physical elaborations of many different transition challenges come together: new energy systems, more data cables, better rainwater infiltration, high-quality greenery for biodiversity and experiencing nature, and new forms of mobility. In addition to developing and applying new technologies for these different tasks, the organisational aspect is a major challenge too. At present, the adaptation of the public space is not happening quickly or efficiently enough. In Amsterdam, for example, about 40 streets per year are tackled instead of the required 300. If local, national and international climate goals are to be met, the work needs to be carried out much faster and in a radically different way. The excavation damage in Amsterdam is considerable as well. Each year, there are 45,000 excavations (for various types of infrastructure such as data cables, the sewage system or planting trees), streets or pavements are often dug up repeatedly, and there are also 1800 reports of damage to electric cables or water pipes struck by excavators, for example. This required acceleration means that the next decade will witness a major shortage of personnel. To overcome this transition bottleneck, considerable effort should be directed towards improving, accelerating and optimising design processes in the short term. Digitalisation, data-driven working and the new possibilities provided by artificial intelligence (AI) will play an important role in achieving this optimisation to deal with the capacity shortages. Experimenting with new technologies that can be applied in public space design are vital to understand both the potential and drawbacks of these.
Working differently concerns the various forms of collaboration and leadership focused on adaptation, interdisciplinarity and transparency. The content must be leading, for which continuous learning and innovation should be the norm. Regrettably, the bureaucratic reality sets very different priorities, as a result of which political interests weigh more heavily than content, and the fear for short-term risks prevails over a liveable future for new generations. In everyday practice, we can see this, on the one hand, in the rhetoric of innovation, which, on the other hand, is associated with a high resistance towards every fundamental change that touches the organisation structure. This resistance to change is known and perhaps inherent to being human, but we cannot really permit ourselves to behave like this in these times.
Instead of investing more money and personnel (which are not available) for existing structures to work differently, it would be better to reason the other way around. How can we use the available resources and capacity differently (in terms of collaboration,
structure and tools) and be more selective in the goals we want to achieve? The growing lack of personnel might even mean that there will literally be no more money and capacity for “old” infrastructure and working methods, such as carrying out replacement tasks without considering the connection with transition challenges. It is striking that larger municipalities have the resources to initiate innovation but that medium-sized municipalities are more agile and, consequently, in a better position to implement these innovations in practice.
Although we are gaining more knowledge about sustainable energy, circular chains and the effects of climate change, there is still an awful lot we do not know. Uncertainty and the unknown characterise the age we live in: a case in point is that nobody knows how climate change will really develop. There are, nevertheless, many unknown subjects into which we can gain insight by conducting more research. Projects such as BiodiverCITY (p.78) and Ecological water quality (p.94) call for in-depth research into the elements and living systems around us. Besides soil and water, air is a crucial subject that we still know relatively little about. Air quality and maximum parts per million have been incorporated into policy, but air is about far more than this and comprises many more components, such as pollen, spores, sound, wind, smells, and light. Above and below the ground, solid, liquid and gaseous: we still know too little about many aspects of our environment. The more we know, the better we can prepare our environment for the future, for both ourselves and other living beings. That is why scientific research is a crucial aspect of the (design) process to create an integral and evidence-based spatial policy and design.
Scaling up also takes place through knowledge dissemination between colleagues, cities, levels of scale, stakeholders and disciplines and in cooperation with residents. Dedicated learning environments with a mandate and resources to develop and disseminate knowledge are incredibly valuable. The City Deal Public Space is a good example of knowledge development and dissemination that directly benefits the acceleration and scaling up of new, integral, future-oriented working methods for the public space. In addition, small-scale knowledge dissemination, within the own organisation, with a new generation of emerging designers and policymakers, has considerable value too. Online knowledge dissemination, from social media to extensive online courses, is an important way to scale up knowledge exchange and reach a broader audience of (international) students and professionals. The IOOR team structurally endeavours to share knowledge, and a bilingual eLearning course is in the making.
“The energy transition” is often seen as a sort of bridge from point A to point B, and when we have reached B, the energy transition will have been completed. But in
reality, the energy and climate transitions are just a few steps in a much larger, continuous evolution, a succession of transitions and changes that will continue for many decades (or centuries). The changes that we, with varying degrees of direction, are going through as a society are many, complex and interrelated. We need to reconsider the elementary aspects of our environment. We must evaluate how we deal with these, and how we ensure a liveable future: the air that we breathe, the soil under our feet, the water in the canal and from the tap, the energy that we use in all of its forms, the raw materials that we build our world with, and the landscapes (throughout the world) where these originate from, and all other living creatures that we share this world with. The big question is how we, as a highly technological, industrialised and urbanised society, can become more connected with the earth again in our behaviour and thinking. If you examine our individual and collective metabolism, you will see that we have never been independent of the earth or of other living creatures. Yet, how can we live without exploiting, harming or polluting these?
In the spring of 2023, a vinyl single titled ‘The Integral Way’ was released. This is a playful project that draws attention to the IOOR in a new way and, at the same time, experiments with artificial intelligence. The
song text, music, voice of Snoop Dogg, and the images on the album cover were all created with the latest AI technology.
BIO
Joyce van den Berg (Zeist, 1977) is an experienced landscape architect, a passionate systems innovator and a sought-after speaker, also internationally. With the development and publication of the Integral Design Method Public Space (2020), and the follow-up research BiodiverCITY_A Matter of Vital Soil! (2021), Van den Berg has put a new methodology for public space design on the national and international map. In this approach, subsoil and soil biodiversity play an important role. The IOOR was part of the Seoul Biennale for Architecture and Urbanism, and received the World Landscape Architecture Honour Award 2022 (category: Concept Analysis & Planning). BiodiverCITY was included in the 2022 yearbook of the Dutch magazine Blauwe Kamer, was part of the Venice Biennale of Architecture 2021 and won the World Landscape Architecture Award of Excellence 2023 (category: Concept Analysis & Planning).
Joyce works as a senior designer and project lead on comprehensive and complex sustainable area (re)development projects for the City of Amsterdam, where she started as a public space designer twenty years ago. Before joining the municipality, Van den Berg worked at the renowned landscape architecture firms West 8 and MTD landschapsarchitecten and realised commissions for municipalities and provinces during her time there.
In 2000, Van den Berg graduated cum laude from the International Agricultural College Larenstein in Velp and, also cum laude, from the Academy of Architecture in Amsterdam in 2007. In 2008, Van den Berg founded her own Studio Berg (then called: vandenbergLANDSCAPE). With her studio, she regularly collaborated with other designers, such as architect and photographer Nina Kopp. The solo exhibition Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet at the German Architecture Center (2009) in Berlin brought international acclaim and featured at the MoMa in New York City as well. As part of this project, Van den Berg introduced the concept “trauma landscape”, which she has since patented.
28 The IOOR in brief / 2023
32 IOOR digitalisation / 2022 - to date
34 Financial analysis / 2023 - to date
60 Integral Area Plan (IAP) Wallengebied / 2022 - to date
70 IOOR in Bospolder-Tussendijken, R-dam / 2022 - to date
38 Integral Collaboration in the Chain of the Public Space (ISKOR) / 2021 - 2022
30 AID manual for land allocation and façade requirements / 2020
24 IOOR publication / 2019 - 2020
31 Upcycle Amstel / 2019 - 2020
50 A mstel-stad: green and water structure / 2019 - 2020
18 The Integral Design Method Public Space (IOOR) / 2017 - to date
88 Below ground level / 2019 - 2023
40 Case Amstel-Stad / 2017 - 2021
110 Study circular economy Zaanstraat emplacement / 2016
In a time of drastic change, it’s the learners who inherit the future
Eric Hoffer
Eventually everything connects – people, ideas, objects. The quality of connections is the key to quality per se. Charles Eames
GRALPUBLICSPACE
The best way to predict the future is to create it. Peter Drucker
The light bulb was not invented by continuously improving the candle. www.omdenken.nl
Integral Public Space
In recent years, Van den Berg’s work has focused on the Integral Design Method Public Space (IOOR). A shift is taking place in urban planning, driven by technical and societal transitions. This innovative working method provides a new approach for designers, project managers, engineers, and others involved in creating and managing public spaces. The method is very ambitious in its scope and vision but, at the same time, is implemented gradually, and is adaptive and opportunityoriented in its approach to development and scaling up. In this chapter, the most important projects, publications subprojects and research areas are explained. The IOOR has already received a lot of national and international recognition. As a catalyst for the public space transition, the IOOR team led by Van den Berg is constantly developing, immersing, and scaling up.
EXTREME EXTREME WASTE CABLE CHAOS
CHAOS
RAIN HEAT DROUGHT
Amsterdam and other cities face major transition challenges in the public space, which are driven by climate change, the need for sustainable energy sources, an increasing scarcity of raw materials and the digitalisation of society. A considerable amount of work also needs to be done to replace existing infrastructure, such as sewage pipes, canal walls and bridges. Furthermore, the city is gradually expanding and becoming denser, resulting in more and more pressure being exerted on existing systems, such as waste and mobility. Put briefly, a new approach is needed for the issues and challenges that will accumulate in the public space over the coming year.
SYSTEMS INNO VATION
0 Start: Determining the plan area
1 Inventarisation: Inventory of plan area
2 Analyse: Analysing climate impact atlas and spatial assignments, completing Ambition Web
3 Strategic: Public space strategy: technical approach, main ambitions, and performance goals
4 Programming: Selecting measures and programming profiles
5 Invest: Determining investment agenda for area-wide network structures
6 Design and construction: Design and construction of street, square or park
Measure/resultingdetail
The Integral Design Method Public Space (IOOR) concretises the shift that is taking place in urban planning. In this new design approach, the underground and the multiple use of functions for the public space take priority. The design of the city needs to be approached in a more integral and bottom-up manner as opposed to the current top-down way of working. The IOOR answers the question “But how?” with regard to the increasingly greater accumulation of sustainability and transition issues. As the Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) stated in its 2022 report: ‘Experience shows that climate-resilient development processes are timely, anticipatory, integrative, flexible and action focused.’ This is a good summary of the IOOR approach. The IOOR structures the work of the designer with a clear step-by-step plan (see below) and seven themes – Energy, Soil and Underground, Materials, Mobility, Living Environment, Flora and Fauna, and Water (recently the area theme Social has been added to this list). The method is interdisciplinary in terms of content, as demonstrated by the themes, but also with respect to the working method. Intensive collaboration with engineers, managers, asset owners, and other stakeholders is sought at the start of the design process to gain a proper impression of the ambitions, challenges, and technical boundary conditions.
project description / International and national method for the transition of public space client / City of Amsterdam design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, AnneMarije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao collaboration / Alliander, Boekmakers, Deltaris, DS Landschapsarchitecten, Municipality of Rotterdam, GXN Copenhagen, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Inside Outside, KPN, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, TU Delft, TNO – innovation for life, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet link / The IOOR collection open research
This timeline shows a depreciation period in years of the various (underground) assets in the public space. Wherever possible, the replacement and addition of assets should take place simultaneously to limit the inconvenience for
residents and businesses. This can only be carried out if there is good collaboration between all asset owners and the municipality should play a directive role in this. If national and international climate objectives are to be achieved
and local public space ambitions realised, then with the current way of working, every street in Amsterdam will have to be dug up an average of 3 to 4 times between now and 2050. By working with the IOOR, this could be reduced
to 1 to 2 times. The integral IOOR approach means more alignment and analysis beforehand, but that reduces both the costs and inconvenience in the realisation phase.
An important addition in the design process is Step 3, Strategy, in which the ambitions are mapped with the help of the nationally developed Ambition Web (see opposite). The discussion about the prioritisation of
objectives and ambitions is facilitated by describing the current situation and future ambitions on the Ambition Web, first in the (sub-)area and subsequently at the project level (street/square). Next, these ambitions are translated
into performance goals per theme. This intermediate step also serves to make weighing and negotiating the priorities clearer and more concrete. It facilitates the subsequent programming of measures and elaborations. Because only
when the ambitions and objectives are clear is it possible to begin designing and incorporating solutions.
Business climate
Social relevance
Sociale relevantie
Living Environment
Spatial quality
Soil & Subsurface Flora & Fauna
Flora & Fauna Bodem & Ondergrond
Space usage
Ambitie web
Energie
Vestigingsklimaat
Investeringen Mobiliteit
Leefmilieu
Ruimtelijke kwaliteit
Ruimtegebruik
As part of the development of the integral design method, a catalogue was compiled of multifunctional measures and the associated elaborations for public space design. As can be seen in the diagram, the measures and elaborations are organised and numbered according to the seven IOOR themes.
The publication Integral Design Method Public Space has two parts. The first part, Case Amstel-Stad, Amsterdam, provides a detailed description of the complex current and future issues that designers
Method Public Space provides solutions to tackle these spatial issues in relation to one another, amongst other things, by adapting the urban planning process and through a new method for
to a certain location. Each performance objective has a number of concrete measures to which the Workbook, the second part of the publication, is devoted. The Workbook contains a catalogue of
The first part provides the background and explanation, and the Workbook enables people to really set to work.
tactical
THE IOOR IN BRIEF
The Integral Design Method Public Space represents a fundamentally different way of working. It contains a more extensive research phase, interdisciplinary collaboration from start to finish, and design and analysis at a projectoverarching “intermediary scale”. This is a lot to digest for the majority of urban planners, designers, engineers, advisers, project leaders, managers and other parties involved. Also, entirely new for the majority of spatial professionals are the use of Ambition Webs and performance objectives as a
decision and negotiation step in the design process, as well as a growing catalogue of modular, multifunctional measures and elaborations.
The complete IOOR publication extensively explains the method based on the genesis of the case Amstel-Stad and the Workbook with measures and elaborations, but it is quite a hefty read. Experience teaches that very few people read it. Effective communication is vital for the scaling up of every innovation, and that also applies to the IOOR.
To solve this, a flyer was produced that explains the entire IOOR method on a single page. One side of the flyer briefly explains the six steps of the integral design method. On the other side, the accompanying publications and the most important terms of the method are explained. Hopefully, this flyer will enable designers and other professionals to more rapidly make the IOOR method and mindset their own.
CIRCULAR
_ tactical AID MANUAL FOR LAND ALLOCATION AND FAÇADE REQUIREMENTS
‘Assisting Informed Design’ (AID) manual for land allocation and façade requirements is a study and associated publication that translates the circular ambitions of the City of Amsterdam into concrete land allocation trajectories in Amstelkwartier and ArenAPoort (part of Amstel-Stad), with an emphasis on façades.
6.2.3 Half-gehard glas
Half-gehard glas, ook wel thermisch versterkt glas genoemd, wordt net als bij gehard glas geproduceerd door het verhitten en snel afkoelen van glas. Ook
half-gehard glas is na productie niet meer te bewerken. Het afschrik proces bij
half-gehard glas gaat langzamer dan bij gehard glas, maar snellen dan bij ongehard glas. Hierdoor ontstaat een glas type dat qua sterkte tussen gehard en ongehard glas ligt. Half gehard glas breekt op een vergelijkbare wijze als ongehard glas, wat resulteert in grote delen met scherpe randen en punten. Het risico op spontane breuk door nikkel sulfide insluitingen is bij half-gehard glas te verwaarlozen.
Half-gehard glas is geen veiligheidsglas.
6.2.4 Gelamineerd glas Gelamineerd glas is een combinatie van twee of meer glaspanelen met één of meer lagen doorzichtige kunststof (interlayers) die de glaspanelen aan elkaar binden. De op de markt beschikbare verschillende types interlayers variëren voornamelijk in sterkte en akoestische eigenschappen. Bij breuk houdt de interlayer de glasscherven bij elkaar, waardoor de kans op vallend glas sterk verlaagd wordt. Afhankelijk van het type bevestiging en type glas kan dit daarmee het risico op letsel verlagen. Gelamineerd glas kan net als gehard glas als veiligheidsglas ingezet worden.
6.2.5 Breukpatronen glas De bevestigingsmethode van glas heeft invloed op het breukpatroon van het glas. G as ype Breuk- en pos b eukgedrag O g h d g –ge aagd Bij breuk ontstaan grote scherpe scherven die van de gevel zouden kunnen vallen. Het is onwaarschijnlijk dat glasscherven na breuk op hun plek blijven, in vergelijking met gelaagd glas. Ha -geha d g as –t g gd Bij breuk ontstaan grote scherpe scherven die van de gevel zouden kunnen vallen. Het is onwaarschijnlijk dat glasscherven na breuk op hun plek blijven, in vergelijking met gelaagd glas. Gehard g as – n e ge aagd Bij breuk ontstaan een groot aantal kleine delen (“steentjes”) die echter samen kunnen klonteren tot grotere delen en van de gevel zouden kunnen vallen. Het is onwaarschijnlijk dat glasscherven na breuk op
van de ambities van Gemeente Amsterdam, met name wat betreft circulariteit. Gemeente Amsterdam kan afhankelijk van het project en de project ambities ervoor kiezen om onderwerpen al dan niet op te nemen in de bouwenvelop. Wij adviseren om dit document regelmatig te herzien, zodat nieuwe ontwikkelingen in de markt kunnen worden opgenomen en het document upto-date blijft. Ook adviseren wij om gedurende het gebruik van dit document feedback vanuit te markt te documenteren en deze feedback mee te nemen in de volgende versies van dit document. Bij het opstellen van dit document is ervan uitgegaan dat de lezer kennis heeft van de principes van bouwtechnologie, van circulariteit en wat dit betekent voor het gebouw. Het daadwerkelijke ontwerp van de gevel zal tijdens het ontwerptraject uitgevoerd moeten worden met inachtneming van dit document en de documentatie en strategieën opgezet naar aanleiding van het gronduitgifte traject. Waar bestaande wet- en regelgeving hogere eisen stelt zullen deze prevaleren. Waar onduidelijkheid bestaat dient de aanbiedende partij dit aan te geven aan Gemeente Amsterdam en dient de aanbiedende partij uit te gaan van de meest conservatieve eisen.
in vergelijking met ongelaagd glas.
Geha d g as - ge aagd Gelaagd glas uit gehard glas zal bij breuk hoogstwaarschijnlijk op zijn plek gehouden worden en scherven zullen in grote mate bij elkaar gehouden worden door de interlayer in vergelijking met ongelaagd glas. Indien echter beide ruiten van de gelaagde ruit breken, zal de hele ruit zich als een zware natte handdoek gedragen en geen sterkte meer bezitten. Gelaagd glas waarbij beide ruiten uit gehard glas bestaan wordt daarom afgeraden.
In de tabel in Bijlage A wordt een overzicht gegeven van de types glas met de voorbeelden van de bijbehorende risico’s. De risicoanalyse in deze tabel is gebaseerd op de methode van Kinney en Wiruth en kan gehanteerd worden bij het inschatten van risico’s van de gevelglas keuze.
6.3 Integriteit van geveldelen
2 Ambities
Gemeente Amsterdam heeft zichzelf gecommitteerd aan verschillende ambities. Dit document tracht deze ambities te borgen met betrekking tot de gevels van hoogbouw projecten. De door Gemeente Amsterdam gestelde ambities zijn terug te vinden in het document ‘Bouwstenen voor een nieuwe Strategie – Amsterdam Circulair’. Hieronder staan de ontwikkelrichtingen voor de bouw zoals deze in dit document staan beschreven
functionaliteit (visueel en/of technisch) en anderzijds een risico op een verlaagde veiligheid van de gevel voor personen in en rondom het gebouw.
1. Stimuleer ci cula re geb edsontw kke ng met flexibele bestemmingsplannen, klimaatbestendig bouwen en veerkrachtig stedelijk ontwerp
Voor vliesgevels worden kan de prestatie bij stootbelasting getest worden op basis van de Europese standaard EN 14019. De prestatie bij stootbelasting van glazen gevels (en daken) kan getest worden aan de hand van de Europese standaard EN 12600.
In de afgelopen jaren zijn er verschillende incidenten geweest waarbij gevelpanelen bezweken. Bij gevels van semi-hoogbouw en hoogbouw projecten zullen de effecten van falende gevelsystemen groter zijn dan bij laagbouw projecten. De verantwoordelijkheid van het degelijk ontwerpen van een gevelconstructie in lijn met de relevante wet- en regelgeving is de verantwoordelijkheid van de aannemer. Echter uit de incidenten blijkt dat er ofwel onduidelijkheid in de wet- en regelgeving is ofwel niet gebouwd wordt in lijn met de relevante wet- en regelgeving voor de gevel. In aanvulling op de bestaande wet- en regelgeving voor de gevel wordt in deze paragraaf aangegeven hoe risico’s in kaart kunnen worden gebracht in daardoor waar mogelijk verlaagd. Verder is een toelichting gegeven op onderwerpen die verduidelijking kunnen gebruiken om zo risico’s op misinterpretatie te verlagen. - Integriteit van geveldelen bij stootbelasting - Integriteit van geveldelen door verhoogde windbelastingen 6.3.1 Integriteit bij stootbelasting Dezeparagraafisgeschrevenomalsbasistedienenvoordiscussieoverde benodigdematevandetailoverditonderwerpinditdocument.Ditdientinde volgendefasevanditprojectbesprokenteworden. Schade als gevolg van stootbelasting kan de integriteit van de geveldelen aantasten, waardoor enerzijds een risico bestaat op verminderde
2. Gebruik c rcu a re cr ter a n de grondu g f e en aanbes ed ng van alle bouw- en infrastructurele projecten en in de openbare ruimte
3. Bouw en maak gebruik van adaptieve en modulaire gebouwen
4. Opschalen van circulaire demontage en gescheiden inzameling
5. Gebruik hernieuwbare en secundaire bouwmaterialen
Voor het testen van de prestatie bij stootbelasting van gevelbeplating (geventileerde en ongeventileerde gevels), dichte panelen in vlies en elementengevels, steenstrips etc. is er echter geen duidelijke ontwerprichtlijn of test methode beschikbaar in Nederland.
6. Stimuleer c rcu a re renova e in de particuliere en sociale woningbouw
Op basis van deze ontwikkelrichtingen zijn in samenwerking met Gemeente Amsterdam een aantal speerpunten, die betrekking hebben op het gevelontwerp, geselecteerd, welke middels dit document verder geconcretiseerd worden.
bij verhoogde windbelasting In hoogbouw projecten zijn hogere windlasten van toepassing dan in laagbouw. Ook kunnen door het funnel effect hogere (of lagere) windbelastingen optreden bij gebouwen die niet rechthoekig zijn door bijvoorbeeld inkepingen of corridors. Dicht bij elkaar staande gebouwen kunnen ook een funnel effect veroorzaken. De NTA 4614 geeft aan dat bij gebouwen met een hoogte van 70 meter en hoger een windtunnel onderzoek uitgevoerd zou moeten worden. Bij gebouwen tussen de 13 en 70 meter is een windtunnel onderzoek niet altijd noodzakelijk en kan in veel gevallen volstaan worden met een berekening. Het is echter wel raadzaam een gedetailleerde berekening uit te voeren conform NEN 1991-1-4, waarbij ook rekening wordt gehouden met het funnel effect door de inkepingen en corridors van het gebouw mee te nemen in de berekening.
Bij de beschrijving en het in kaart brengen van mogelijke risico’s is daarom gebruik gemaakt van de CWCT Technical Notes met betrekking tot stootbelasting op gevels (TN 75 en TN 76). De CWCT CentreforWindowsen Cladding Technology is de Britse branchevereniging voor gevels. De CWCT standardsforcustomisedbuilingenvelopesworden toegepast in het Verenigd Koninkrijk. De Technical Notes geven een uitgebreide handreiking voor het testen en het in kaart brengen van mogelijke risico’s met betrekking tot stootbelasting.
De test methode wordt beschreven in de Technical Notes. Hieronder volgt een korte samenvatting:
De meest relevante oorzaken van stootbelasting op de gevel die kunnen worden geïdentificeerd bij normaal gebruik van het gebouw zijn: - Door personen (max 1,5 meter boven de grond) - Door bewegende objecten zoals schoonmaaktrolleys en winkelwagens, maar ook vogels
De lokale hogere windbelastingen kunnen effect hebben op aspecten zoals suizen, trillingen in geveldelen en de integriteit van gevelpanelen. Ook kan dit effect hebben op het gebruik van de glazenwasinstallatie en de mogelijke stootbelasting ervan op de gevel. Deze gedetailleerde windberekening wordt niet altijd uitgevoerd, maar vereenvoudigd toegepast
- Door meubilair
- Door onderhoudsapparatuur: glazenwasinstallatie, ladders en gondels - Door vandalisme
Standaardtesten van gevelelementen onder invloed van stootbelasting zijn opgesteld om deze situaties na te bootsen, vaak gebruik makend van testlichamen met verschillend gewicht en
Voor het nabootsen van stootbelasting door een glazenwasinstallatie wordt er soms voor gekozen een test met een daadwerkelijke gondel uit te
The document lists six circular development directions for the construction industry:
1. Encourage circular area development with flexible land-use plans, climateresilient building and resilient urban design;
2. Use circular criteria in the land allocation and tendering of all construction and infrastructure projects, and in the public space;
3. Build and make use of adaptive and modular buildings;
4. Scale up circular demolition and the separate collection of demolition waste;
5. Use renewable and secondary construction materials;
6. Encourage circular innovation in the private and social housing sectors.
A study in collaboration with GXN and TU Delft during the Amstel-Stad project resulted in two UPCYCLE AMSTEL documents: TOOL and CONTEXT.
The TOOL manual was written by GXN. It describes a physical framework for circularity as well as concrete objectives, methods, and instruments for the circular economy in urban planning and design in Amstel-Stad. The CONTEXT book was written by students of the GXN visiting professor at the Faculty of Architecture and Civil Engineering at TU Delft, 2018/19, and describes a concrete case for upcycling in Amstel-Stad for which there was a close collaboration with the City of Amsterdam design team.
_ tactical DIGITALISATION
Municipalities face the considerable challenge of working in a digital and data-driven manner. In the spatial domain, work processes could also be considerably accelerated with the help of digitisation and a reduction of the associated realisation costs. That is desperately needed, given the limited time available to render thousands of streets fit for the future. The challenges are to collect or generate highquality, reliable 3D data about, for example, subsurface infrastructure, but also the organisational embedding
and ownership of data and conducting efficient information exchange in complex work processes.
The further development of the IOOR largely relies on improving and increasing data-driven working. Therefore, Joyce and her team are investigating how to develop a 3D assets library that includes all the IOOR methods and elaborations. The aim of this 3D library is to make it easier and faster to bring about the design and engineering of the public space.
Due to the modular nature of the IOOR measures and elaborations, designers can more quickly use the 3D assets to create a street design (and variant studies) and subsequently export these for engineers, managers, and other colleagues.
Moreover, a demo was developed in 2022 for a parametric web tool to quickly test different design alternatives for the layout of cables, pipes and trees in the street profile. In this demo version, different 3D street profiles can be uploaded as
background and you can subsequently incorporate various cables, pipes and trees. The measurements of these assets are based on real data and policy guidelines with respect to dimensions, distances between objects and minimal root space. Placing a street’s explanatory scheme in the interactive profile makes it clear where conflicts exist between the different assets. Next, it is possible to manually reposition the different assets (including their minimum distance to other assets) to solve the spatial conflicts.
Another innovative design tool being worked on is an educative maquette from a modular street profile. The 3D printed maquette is a physical and collective learning instrument to increase awareness about the relationship between the underground and surface among designers and other professionals. The movable parts can be moved around during a design session to try out various solutions.
_ operational FINANCIAL ANALYSIS
Genuine challenge-oriented collaboration in the chain of the public space requires a fundamentally different budgeting system that is not focused on municipal management teams, but on the real challenges. Investing more in the planning process will considerably reduce the costs in the realisation and management phases. Consequently, cost-benefit considerations need to be taken into account across the entire chain.
With the current working method, the prognosis is that the streets in Amsterdam will have to be dug up on average 3 to 4 times between now and 2050 to deal with all of the necessary infrastructure changes. For the IOOR working method, this prognosis amounts to 1 to 2 times per street. Besides less nuisance for residents, less excavation damage, and lower realisation costs, the climate-adaptive city design will also result in
cost savings by preventing climate damage. Unfortunately, as these “cost savings” are not included in the current budget structure, it is often difficult to invest more upfront in the planning process for a better integral design of the public space even though that would result in considerable savings during the realisation phase. Currently, budgets for the design phase are not linked to realisation or management
budgets. Investing more in the design phase therefore creates the impression of extra costs, and there is a lot of internal resistance to this. Experience has, however, taught us that it is possible to achieve cost savings by long-term planning from the perspective of the greater importance of the entire public space. Budgets, resources and audits should be designed on the basis of these new insights.
As a result, the IOOR team is working with cost experts to perform extensive analyses with substantiated cost estim-ates for different scenarios. With this, the aim is to facilitate a long-term view of budget choices and to describe future cost categories so that investments currently made for integral, climate and future-oriented public space become more plausible. An initial indication shows that
very high cost savings can be achieved if the IOOR is applied across the entire chain of public space.
The aim of this is to facilitate a long-term view in budget choices and identify future cost items, so that here and now, it becomes possible to more easily consider investments for integral, climate and future-oriented public space. An initial
Proces: Kosten en opbrengsten
indication shows that cost savings of up to 30% are possible if the IOOR is applied across the entire chain of public space (see ISKOR, p.38).
stedelijke programmering
Process: Costs and benefits Towards a single urban programming
Costs
Traditional implementation costs = Lowered costs due to higher efficiency
IOOR implementation costs (-30%)
IOOR (design & engineering) process costs
Traditional process costs
Year
Dat kost iets meer proceskosten maar levert een veelvoud aan besparingen op uitvoering en beheer. Dit willen we inzichtelijk maken in de pilots op een manier dat we dit kunnen opschalen.
Applying the integral design method requires a bigger investment in time and capacity than the current approach, but will result in multiple savings in the realisation and management phases. This has been substantiated with pilots.
_ tactical SUCCES OF THE IOOR
Since its development and publication, the Integral Design Method Public Space has enjoyed a large reach among a diverse network of national and international parties. And thanks to the translation of the IOOR into Indonesian in 2022, it has also been distributed among 74 Indonesian universities as part of a local initiative. The team has had the honour too of presenting the IOOR at several prestigious locations, including the Venice Biennale of Architecture 2021, the Seoul Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism 2021, the scientifically renowned EuroScience Open
Forum 2022, and the International Architecture Biennale Rotterdam 2022. Recognition for the Integral Design Method Public Space has also been received in the form of the Honour Award of the World Landscape Architecture Professional Awards 2022, in the category Concept - Analysis and Planning. In 2023, BiodiverCITY_A Question of Vital Soil! won the World Landscape Architecture (WLA) Award of Excellence in the same category.
• The IOOR sub-page is the most visited page of the entire openresearch.amsterdam website
• 20,000 unique visitors of the IOOR sub-page on openresearch.amsterdam
University of Porto, RWTH Aachen University, University Ca’ Foscari, Universitat Politècnica de Catalunya, Barcelona, UNAMuniversity(urbanstudies),Mexico SpitzerSchoolofArchitecture,SLUAlnarp,PolitecnicodiMilano HafenCityUniversityHamburg, FacultyofArchitectureandUrbanism Bauhaus-Universitaet RhodeIslandSchoolkennisinstellingen
Upla, Los Angeles, VSA The Climate PI, Frankrijk Terraform practice, New York, VSA GXN(3XN), Kopenhagen, DenemarkenArup,London, Engeland AIM GREEN, Jakarta, Indonesia
Netwerken
Rijkswaterstaat
IUCNGlobeNederland
HetNieuweInstituut,Rotterdam Nederlands Instituut voor Ecologie (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen
TNO, Delft Deltares, Delft Naturalis, Leiden WUR - Wageningen University & Research, Wageningen Hogeschool Van Hall Larenstein, Velp Hogeschool van Amsterdam, Amsterdam Academie van Bouwkunst, Rotterdam Academie van Bouwkunst, Amsterdam TU Twente, Enschede TU Delft, UniversityDelftofAmsterdam,AmsterdamAMSInstitute,Amsterdam RijksinstituutvoorVolksgezondheidenMilieu
INTEGRAL COLLABORATION IN THE CHAIN OF THE PUBLIC SPACE (ISKOR)
In the autumn of 2021, following the worst phase of the COVID-19 pandemic, an internal appeal was made throughout the City of Amsterdam organisation to develop proposals to reform work processes and projects and at the same time reduce costs. Based on the insights from the IOOR, a proposal was written for the public space domain. The reforming proposal is called Integral Collaboration in the Chain of the Public Space (Dutch
acronym ISKOR). This refers to the fact that the ultimate outcome of a successful implementation of the integral design method is an optimal chain collaboration - from policy and design through to construction and management. However, ensuring a good chain collaboration is one of the biggest challenges. It not only concerns the (interdisciplinary) collaboration in the entire process of the public space (task, ambitions, analysis,
programming, design, engineering, realisation, management) but the shared commissioning between different organisation units that must be able to jointly balance their ambitions. Also, a different way of funding the tasks is needed that provides insight into the cost savings.
Whereas the IOOR is responsible for the content and focuses on knowledge and innovation to develop new working methods, tools and
solutions for the projects, ISKOR concentrates on the organisational change required to design all process, organisational, financial and personnel aspects in an efficient and futureproof manner for the purposes of an integral working method and liveable, integrally designed public space.
to illustrate the difference between linear and integral working.
Excerpt from an
Ketenoverzicht en ketenregie ontbreekt. Niemand heeft zicht op de gehele keten, noch qua inhoud of samenwerking, noch qua financiën. Projecten bereiken geen optimaal resultaat door een spaghetti aan sturingslijnen en verkokerde organisatie. Regie
Integraal samenwerken in de keten van de Openbare Ruimte
1. Van linaire werkprocessen naar integraliteit en waardecreatie
De overkoepelende organisatieopgave is om integrale gebiedsontwikkeling en integraal stedelijk beheer van de openbare ruimte tot de standaard manier van werken te maken. De organisatie staat voor de uitdaging om over te stappen van de huidige lineaire werkprocessen naar integrale werkprocessen, en daarmee te transformeren naar een lerende organisatie waarbij samenwerking en waardecreatie voor de stad voorop staat.
Dit is noodzakelijk om de grote en zeer complexe transitieopgaven (klimaat, energie, circulair, biodiversiteit) in een verdichtende stad te realiseren en om kostenverlies, dubbelwerk en onnodig graven in de openbare ruimte tot een minimum te beperken. Waar de huidige processen met name sturen op efficiency, planning & control, wordt bij integraal werken met name gestuurd vanuit meervoudige waardecreatie, systeemdenken en samenwerking.
Sturen op efficiency,
Lopende ontwikkel
trajecten
Door resultaten en inzichten van lopende trajecten te benutten, kunnen we snel resultaten bereiken. Dus geen groot top-down programma maar slimme interventies die voorbouwen en versterken; stapsgewijs en modulair veranderen."
De stad staat voor enorme en complexe transitieopgaven rondom energie, klimaat, biodiversiteit, circulariteit. Deze hebben grote gevolgen voor o.a. mobiliteit en de gehele inrichting van de openbare ruimte, boven- en ondergronds.
Er is een toenemend gebrek aan tijd en ruimte (boven- en ondergronds) om de stad toekomstbestendig te maken. Dit komt door zowel verdichting en kwalitatieve eisen als de inpassing van complexe, omvangrijke duurzaamheids opgaven.
Financieen Governance Data
Financieel overzicht en beheersing van de hele keten ontbreekt. Er is geen directe financiële relatie tussen planvorming en uitvoerings-/ beheerkosten. Ook hebben we geen vat op de meerkosten door dubbelwerk, overlast en schade, die eigenlijk een vermeden zouden kunnen worden.
Governance is ingericht op controleren en beheersen. Er is geen integraal opdrachtgeverschap. Er is nauwelijks ruimte voor experimenterend doel zoekend werken. En de samenwerking van de ketenpartners is onvoldoende.
3. Fasering en ontwikkelprincipes
X Koppelkansen Gebiedgerichte systeem innovatie in Havenstad, Centrum, Amstelstad
Slimme inzet van data en digitale oplosingen zijn essentieel voor eficientie, kostenbesparing en goede samenwerking in de openbare ruimte. Er ontbreekt een gemeenschappelijk datafundament.
De organisatiefase wordt gefaseerd aangepakt waarbij specifieke ontwikkelprincipes in acht worden genomen. Het idee is dat elke fase uit verschillende bouwstenen bestaat welke ieder en stapsgewijs opgepakt worden.
BO Nutsvoorzieningen Meer regie, organisatie en samenwerking
Fase 0 Een plan hoe de integrale keten in de OR te realiseren.
Fase 1 Kwartiermaken, inrichten ontwikkelorganisatie
Fase 3 Bestendigen, borgen, voorstellen vervolg
Samen doorbouwenopin ganggezette verbeteringen!
Ontwikkelprincipes
Hervorming toets- en adviescommissies
Stuurgroep en werkplan Ondergrond Amsterdam X
Samen Stadmaken
City Deal Openbare Ruimte X
Stedelijk Programmeren X
2. Waarom is integraal samenwerken noodzakelijk? Amsterdam Doelgericht
Omgevingsprogramma Omgevingsplan en uitvoeringsagenda X
Regie
Ketenoverzicht en ketenregie ontbreekt. Niemand heeft zicht op de gehele keten, noch qua inhoud of samenwerking, noch qua financiën. Projecten bereiken geen optimaal resultaat door een spaghetti aan sturingslijnen en verkokerde organisatie.
Financieen
Financieel overzicht en beheersing van de hele keten ontbreekt. Er is geen directe financiële relatie tussen planvorming en uitvoerings-/ beheerkosten. Ook hebben we geen vat op de meerkosten door dubbelwerk, overlast en schade, die eigenlijk een vermeden zouden kunnen worden.
Nieuwe opgaven
De stad staat voor enorme en complexe transitieopgaven rondom energie, klimaat, biodiversiteit, circulariteit. Deze hebben grote gevolgen voor o.a. mobiliteit en de gehele inrichting van de openbare ruimte, boven- en ondergronds.
Er is een toenemend gebrek aan tijd en ruimte (boven- en ondergronds) om de stad toekomstbestendig te maken. Dit komt door zowel verdichting en kwalitatieve eisen als de inpassing van complexe, omvangrijke duurzaamheids opgaven.
Governance Data
Governance is ingericht op controleren en beheersen. Er is geen integraal opdrachtgeverschap. Er is nauwelijks ruimte voor experimenterend doel zoekend werken. En de samenwerking van de ketenpartners is onvoldoende.
3. Fasering en ontwikkelprincipes
Slimme inzet van data en digitale oplosingen zijn essentieel voor eficientie, kostenbesparing en goede samenwerking in de openbare ruimte. Er ontbreekt een gemeenschappelijk datafundament.
De organisatiefase wordt gefaseerd aangepakt waarbij specifieke ontwikkelprincipes in acht worden genomen. Het idee is dat elke fase uit verschillende bouwstenen bestaat welke ieder en stapsgewijs opgepakt worden.
Fase 0 Een plan hoe de integrale keten in de OR te realiseren.
Fase 2 Ontwikkelaanpak draait
Fase 1 Kwartiermaken, inrichten
Keten in de Openbare Ruimte Procesketen openbare ruimte in beeld brengen, analyse en beschrijven Benoemen ketenknelpunten Scope (wat wel, wat niet, welke verbindingen) Definities kernbegrippen / gezamenlijke taal Rollen & verantwoordelijkheden Visie en organisatie basis
Samenwerking en participatie Participatie / co creatie Organiseren samenwerking Stedelijk Programmeren Democratische vernieuwing en de OR
Fysiek
Fysieke opgaven Stapel opgaven en status analyseren van regulier beheer, vervanging en duurzaamheidsopgaven Meta analyse bestaande projectevaluaties Consistentie & uitvoerbaarheid beleid Hoopvolle initiatieven verzamelen Experimenten in gebieden doorzetten/inzetten
4. Eerste stap richting nieuwe manier van werken
Methodieken en tools Digitale tooling Kennisbasis zoals ontwikkeling digitale boekenkast Integrale methodiek; IOOR, Ambitieweb ,Value Engineering.. Datafundament
Middelen Rekensom van de openbare ruimte Voordeel van integraal werken Vermeden meerkosten Andere wijzen van financieren Faalkosten en schade bij niet handelen Inzicht in (separate) kosten en dekking
De eerste bouwsteen - de eerste stap richting een nieuwe manier van werken - is het in beeld brengen van de keten openbare ruimte, en het analyseren van ketenknelpunten. Daarnaast is het essentieel dat de 'rekensom' van de openbare ruimte inzichtelijk gemaakt wordt, inclusief het voordeel van integraal werken en de impact van de enorme transitieopgaven. Daarbij geldt dat we het wiel niet opnieuw uitvinden: deze aanpak gaat juist bestaande ontwikkeltrajecten en programma's verbinden, versterken en er op voortbouwen.
Digitalisering van ontwerp naar Engineering (Puccini)
In beeld brengen van de keten Governance: integraal opdrachtgeverschap
Methodieken Integrale Ontwerpmethode Openbare Ruimte Inzet op digitale tooling zoals de ‘digitale programmeerkast’
Financieel systeem in kaart KetenOR Methodieken
Versterken bestaande ontwikkeltrajecten
Overige kansrijke bouwstenen om op door te werken
Urgentie
Bouwsteen
3. Bouwstenen
IN PRACTICE CASE AMSTEL-STAD
Photo: Your Captain
Joyce van den Berg werk / work
Amstel-Stad is the project that gave rise to the IOOR method and, with that, was the first case for the IOOR too. Amstel-Stad is a transformation area where the greatest challenge is that in existing streets (where the width is therefore fixed) space must be found for extra cables and pipes above the package that has already been installed there. At many locations, there is simply no room. Furthermore, the soil in Amstel-Stad, where all of this must occur, has a highly heterogeneous structure and complex hydrology.
In the planning process for the new design method for public space, calculations and drawings were first of all produced for the (areaoverarching) spatial assignments at an intermediate scale. A planning area with underlying individual projects was determined to make this manageable. It was important to appoint a client and establish a team, which was already made up of the first stakeholders. With the help of maps of the current and potential situation, spatial challenges were explored, added to the maps, analysed and accompanied by ambitions by making use of the Ambition Web. The area strategy that emerges from this process made it possible to programme representative profiles of different streets in consultation with the local network manager(s). Measures for all of these spatial challenges had to be combined and calculated as integrally as possible. These calculations and drawings for the different profiles yielded an investment agenda for the area-overarching challenges (with a horizon of ten years) with financial agreements between the municipality, network managers, and other government bodies. Together with a strategy for the entire area, this provided a framework for the public space in the individual projects where, in conclusion, the streets (and squares) were designed in detail and were tendered and carried out.
project description / Transformation area with about 25,000 to 50,000 new homes locatie / Amsterdam-Zuidoost client / Land and Development (City of Amsterdam) team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao collaboration / Alliander, Deltares, DS Landschapsarchitecten, Municipality of Rotterdam, GXN Copenhagen, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Inside Outside, KPN, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, TU Delft, TNO – innovation for life, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet link /
The IOOR Part 1 - Case Amstel-Stad, Amsterdam
Hydrological units
Amstel-Stad is the bureaucratic working title for the long urban zone between the Amstelkwartier in the northern part of Amsterdam and the AMC hospital in the south. It is a strip of land bordered on the west by the A2 motorway and to the east by the Bijlmermeer. In this zone, development and transformation initiatives have already been taking place for several years. Based on these developments and the available space, it is estimated that Amstel-Stad will ultimately provide room for about 25,000 to 50,000 new homes. This is equivalent to 50,000 to 100,000 new residents alongside the appropriate supply of non-residential functions such as schools, offices, shops and restaurants, healthcare and sports.
An extensive analysis of the seven themes of the IOOR was performed for the entire area. This was partly accomplished with the help of the Climate Effects Atlas. In AmstelStad, various area-wide issues play a role (cables and pipes, (rain) water management, heat stress, quality of the greenery, soil life, mobility, waste processing and energy supply) that cannot be solved with a single project in the area. This does, however, become possible by working with an “intermediate scale”. Location
The area-wide strategy, the investment agenda and the frameworks emerging from this are suspended “above” the individual (sub)projects, though in reality, these frameworks proceed from the individual (sub)projects. An individual project just needs to translate a design for the public space and underground in its own project area. This is done with the help of performance targets per theme and the incorporation of relevant multifunctional measures and elaborations from the IOOR catalogue.
With this approach, the projects are significantly unburdened and can be accelerated. As soon as an Urban Plan with an Investment Decision is in sight at the project level, the frameworks, planning and funding of a number of major public space assignments have already been established.
Provisional figures for transformation of Amstel-Stad
Amstelstation
Residential: 109,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 45,000 m² GFA
Amstelkwartier
Phase I, II, III
Residential: 332,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 83,400 m² GFA
Kauwgomballenkwartier
Existing: 199,000 m2 GFA
Net increase: 166,000 m² GFA
Total: 285,000 m2 GFA
Non-Residential:
85,000 – 142,500 m2*
Residential: 85,000 – 142,500 m2*
Amenities: 57,000 m2 (estimate)
A2/zone Joan Muyskenweg
Residential: 127,000 – 167,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 63,000 – 83,000 m² GFA
Amstel Business Park
North
Residential: 114,000 – 266,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 266,000 – 114,000 m² GFA
Total: 380,000 m² GFA
South
Non-Residential: (100% employment) 85,000 m² GFA
De Nieuwe Kern
Residential: maximum of 450,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 250,000 m² GFA
ArenAPoort
Residential: 510,000 m² GFA
Non-Residential: 1,160,000 m² GFA
Amstel III (development up to 2040)
Residential: 831,000 GFA (65%)
Non-Residential: 442,000 GFA (35%)
Total: 1,273,000 GFA (100%)
The Ambition Web is a tool developed at the national level to prioritise (sustainability) ambitions and initiate discussions about these.
Ambitie web
For each area theme, performance targets are formulated, which subsequently correspond with specific measures (and elaborations) at different levels of scale.
Ambitie web
Healthy surface water
Seasonal storage
Local infiltration
Discharging
Local storage
Reuse
Rainproof building
Shading elements
Low heat radiation
Evaporation
Airflow
Recreational green and water
Ecological connection
Ecological design of ground level
Ecological utility value
Ecological building
Heat source
Cold source
Electricity storage
Heat storage
Wind energy
Solar energy
Biomassa
Collection station
Laying pipes compactly
Pipes in casing pipes
Building integration of cables and pipes
Biking/pedestrian routes
Public transport stops
‘Car as guest’ design
30 km/hour zone
50 km/hour zone
Bicycle shed
Charging point
Car-sharing point
Multimodal (parking) hub
Extracting substances from waste water
Separate waste collection
Desing public space
Building materials
Whole Area / WA
W-WA1 Greening
W-WA2 Water purification
W-WA3 Integral water management
Network / NE
W-NE1 Water-robust street
W-NE2 Space for through-flow
W-NE3 Pretreatment of water from roads
Public Space / PS
W-PS1 Water-retaining greenery
W-PS2 Underground infiltration networks
W-PS3 Infiltration through hard-surfacing / ground level
W-PS4 Water-retaining container
W-PS5 Gutter
W-PS6 Drought-resistant vegetation
Site / ST
W-ST1 Green wall
Building / BD
W-BD1 Water-retaining roof
W-BD2 Reuse of rainwater
W-BD3 Water-robust building
W-BD4 Disconnected sewer
The IOOR method has been developed with the help of principles and knowledge inspired by “systems engineering” and “value engineering”. This is visible in both the analysis and design phases, as well as in the outcome. The modular nature of the design solutions means that after the extensive analysis phase, the street profiles can be programmed with greater speed. Eventually, the outcome is an integral design built up of multifunctional elements that make the city more sustainable and liveable.
The strength of continuously switching between scale levels, disciplines, stakeholders and time periods is that the public space genuinely offers room for the development of residents and users – people as well as animals, plants and fungi – and the various aspects of public life.
INTER MEDIATE SCALE
The quality of the green public space in Amstel-Stad leaves a lot to be desired. High groundwater levels, rising brackish seepage and poor water quality further complicate the situation. Temperature as an aspect of the urban climate also poses a risk in this area. Heat stress is on the rise due to buildings and more paved surfaces, which creates a growing need for cool places in this area. Increasingly heavy rainfall also poses a risk because it concerns a low-lying area. Solving all of these problems requires an overarching approach to this project at the intermediate scale: a design scale that lies “between” the standard project scale (in Amsterdam) and the city-wide master plan. This project-overarching scale is proving more and more necessary to solve spatial issues.
Based on analyses at higher levels of scale, the document focuses on the parameters green and water in Amstel-Stad. It includes the green structure, water structure and an integral vision on these. In addition, it provides the required coordination between and support for individual projects in the area. Depending on the boundary conditions and issues predominant at each location, the focus can be more on water or instead on the green framework. The blue network provides for a lowering of groundwater levels and the discharge of rainwater to surface water, or the infiltration of rainwater into the groundwater. The spatial green structure provides opportunities for biodiversity and increases liveability by reducing heat stress.
The document facilitates deliberations during the design process that is part of the various projects in the area. Furthermore, the green and blue structures provide input for the investment decision. The structures also provide a framework for the further design, in other words, these structures do not result in a detailed design. Besides these two structures, work has been carried out on the programming of the street profiles. In these profiles, all aspects of the public space are integrally designed and aligned with each other, a choice of possible tree species is proposed, the required water capacity per profile is calculated and the profiles establish the maximum capacity of water that the profile can store.
project description / Integral Design Master Plan for Water and Green in Amstel-Stad location / Amsterdam-Zuidoost Client / Land and Development (City of Amsterdam) team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Jaike Bijleveld, Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Auke Brouwer, Sten Camps, Lieke Doodeman, Anne-Marije van Duin, Anastasija Dukic, Eric Kraak, Alessandra Riccetti, Carolina Rodrigues Martinho, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marieke Takken, Geert Timmermans, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Duco de Vries collaboration / Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet
In the water and green structure, the need to make various parts of Amstel-Stad rainproof is also considered in detail.
As can be seen from the analysis opposite, this study includes the existing capacity and need per location (retention, storage, discharge or retention) and which measures are possible.
An attractive residential and work environment consists of a spatial structure in which developments and programmatic changes can be incorporated. This needs to be done in such a way that the themes that play a role in this area, such as flooding, heat stress, energy transition, a congested underground, and biodiversity, are incorporated.
deelstroomgebied per straat direct naar watergangen
OPPERVLAKTEWATER NETWERK
I hoofd kanaalII watergang III vijver/ moeras
behoefte
ambitie
DEELSTROOMGEBIED
openbare ruimte prive IV waterplein/ waterparkV groene goot VI waterneutrale kavel
hoofde functie in en langs water verblijf recreatie mobiliteit verblijf verblijf natuurontwikkeling verblijf recreatie mobiliteit verblijf parkeer
>120mm/u
capaciteit
verlagen grondwaterstand
vasthouden (infiltratie)
bergen (vertraging afvoer)
afvoer
retentie
straat begaanbaar bij caramiteit >120mm/u straat begaanbaar bij caramiteit >120mm/u >120mm/u >120mm/u
dreef straat begaanbaar bij caramiteit 60-120mm
maatregelen
ARENAPOORT MASTER PLAN
UNDER GROUND IN ORDER
PUBLIC SPACE AND UNDERGROUND (MORO)
The considerable complexity in ArenAPoort West resulted in the observation that the underground required more management. MORO is an effort to coherently design the surface and underground so that the public space can provide for all new developments in sustainable energy while offering a pleasant, climate-resilient living environment. However, the space needed to provide for the considerable infrastructure required for the energy transition conflicts with the space needed for new trees and measures for rain harvesting. Also, the phasing of buildings and infrastructure is particularly complex because the area is already fully in use as an office area, while new home construction developments are gradually taking place with project developers in the lead. MORO needs to provide direction to the realisation of infrastructure that is currently taking place, while at the same time guaranteeing that long-term ambitions remain feasible in terms of both space and budget. Given the considerable uncertainty of future developments and the required infrastructure, the MORO approach is integral and flexible. Various public and private interests and areas of expertise were part of the design process, and space is reserved for future changes and decisions.
The outcome is an innovation in the discipline: a zoning plan for underground infrastructure with an associated explanatory scheme that is included in the Working in the Public Space (AWPS) policy of Amsterdam. The zoning is the result of an extensive study of the relationship between surface and underground in the current situation and with the required assets for the future. Zoning makes it possible to gain better and faster insight into what is happening underground and which choices can be made with respect to future developments and management. Thinking in zones is similar to the current way of working in the public space, and companies are still able to use the AWPS process.
project description / Innovative master plan with zoning for underground infrastructure location / Amsterdam-Zuidoost client / Land and Development (City of Amsterdam) team / Maria Baeva, Joyce van den Berg (lead), Martin v/d Berg, David Bout, Lotte Bruinsel, Paul Elzenaar, Paul Geerts, Constanza Gomez Guzman, Annique Guyaux, Hans Kaljee, Mirjam Koevoet, Hans van der Made, Boto van der Meulen, Jasper Pijls, Alex Pixley, Alessandra Riccetti, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Henk de Vree, Li Zhiyu, Lujia Zhu collaboration / Alliander, Equinix, GPKL, KPN, TU Delft, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet, VodafoneZiggo
A zone is a strip in the street that, both now and in the future, is designated for a single function, for example electricity cables, the sewage system or tree roots.
The zoning already takes into account the possible interactions between different
Example of an overview table of zones for a specific street profile. General explanatory scheme with dimensions and minimal distances between assets for different types of cables and pipes.
assets, such as which cables and pipes are from the same company, or which can be placed in close proximity to each other in the ground without any risks. Utility companies can use their existing zones to connect new buildings in the future.
The City of Amsterdam can use this zoning document to assess desired placements of assets, to take into account future requirements and designs, and to assist companies in coming to an agreement about shared zones.
Example of the four design studies drawn for each street profile in MORO. This is the outcome of a lengthy and iterative design process in which design variants were discussed on multiple occasions with various stakeholders.
01. Street section
Current situation
02.
Ground level public space design
Current underground situation and conflicting assets
03. Proposed design solution: MUST (for new assets) and other changes
04. Zoning the underground
INTEGRAL AREA PLAN (IAP) WALLENGEBIED
BETTER CITY CENTRE
Joyce van den Berg
The challenges and ambitions for the Wallengebied have been piling up in recent years: energy transition, tourism and accessibility, climate adaptation, waste, new mobility and logistics, water quality and greening. Yet, the space in the densely built city centre is highly limited on the surface and in the underground. A unique challenge for this location is the large-scale restoration of the historic canal walls and bridges, which must take place over the next 5 to 10 years. The scale of the replacement challenge requires explicit deliberations about which other urban ambitions can be linked to the restoration of the canal walls and bridges.
In one of the studios of the Canal Walls and Bridges Programme (CWBP), in which Van den Berg represented the IOOR, the idea arose to deploy the integral design method for the complex accumulation of challenges and develop an integral area plan. Therefore, Van den Berg was involved in conceptualising, promoting and formulating the IAP approach from the outset. The IAP translates and prioritises urban challenges at the area level. The IOOR is the connection between an IAP (collects programmes of different aspects) and a sub-project with its own concrete design and engineering (programming). The IOOR step-by-step plan supports the content, which includes a climate effects atlas, Ambition Webs, selected performance targets, programmed profiles and funding. These must help to make those choices clear for clients, including the spatial and functional consequences of those choices.
Prioritising ambitions means making difficult decisions in which some governance and social ambitions may need to be relinquished. Thanks to IAP and IOOR, these deliberations are based on structured data and reproducible argumentation. In brief, the IAP seeks to generate a maximum public effect with a minimum of public inconvenience in the neighbourhood.
Ambitie web
project description / Pilot IAP with a duration of 10 years, which, amongst other things, will further develop the IOOR location / Amsterdam-Centrum client / Traffic and Public Space (City of Amsterdam) design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead, co-author assignment formulation), Ege Dosemeci, Shivani Handa, Maarten Kool, Ishita Lalitkumar Agrawal, Axel Ottar, Alex Pixley, Alessandra Riccetti, Clara Rodríguez Benz collaboration / Alliander, Waternet, University of Amsterdam
CURRENT SITUATION
AND POTENTIAL
Below, the profile of Oudezijds Achterburgwal is given. The illustration shows a traditional canal wall construction. In addition, research is being done into an innovative “EZflow” construction method, by which the canal wall is replaced in phases with a minimum impact for the surroundings. At the shaded west side of the canal, space has been reserved for plants in the water. These will be placed in baskets on the floor of the canal to ensure that boat traffic is not hindered.
In the first information and analysis phase in 2022, the design team held dozens of interviews with stakeholders and clustered all information and data about the area in 8 thematic maps (IOOR approach). As part of this, a distinction was made with respect to how urgent the challenge is: Must is things required by law, Should is things included in policy, and Could is a wish or option to include an ambition. Could also incorporates promising measures that require little effort or can easily be combined with another challenge.
On the Oudezijds Kolk, the replacement of the eastern canal wall provides an opportunity to experiment with the integration of cables and pipes in the construction of the canal wall itself.
Based on this, an Ambition Management Map was produced to visualise the challenges and ambitions for the Wallengebied for all parties involved (What do we want to jointly accomplish in the Wallengebied?) and to draw up an initial prioritisation. 3D models were also used to visualise the relationship between canal, street, underground and buildings and carry out variant studies for incorporating different requirements and ambitions.
Working visit in the Wallengebied with the Minister for Housing and Spatial Planning, together with managers and executives from City of Amsterdam, representatives from the Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations, CSO Amsterdam and members of the IOOR team.
This 3D visualisation illustrates how medium-voltage electricity cables and low-temperature heating pipes are included in the canal wall.
This close-up of the Oudezijds Achterburgwal shows how several innovative solutions have been integrated in the canal wall. For example, drinking water and mediumvoltage electrical cables have been placed together in a pipe jacket between the canal wall and the space allowed for the roots of newly planted trees. Under the pavement, an AquaMulti Airbox has been installed, which is an innovative crate system for tree aeration and improving the rooting space.
The crates are made from 100% recycled plastic from the Netherlands, the soil is enriched with nutrients and the structure of the crates protects the roots against the weight of cars driving over the street. The cross-section shows how the drains have been placed in a “spider” pattern in the pavement, while the connections to the homes
are collected at a single entry point on the street. This saves space and ensures a better accessibility for management and maintenance. Further, the replacement of the canal wall also provides an opportunity to improve biodiversity and ecological water quality by allowing space in the texture of the canal wall for spontaneous vegetation, nesting spots for birds, or underwater hiding places for fish and other underwater wildlife.
In the IAP Wallengebied three types of profile were studied: canals, streets and alleys. In the bottom left figure, the Zeedijk is illustrated. In this street, the Puccini method* was applied, resulting in a convex street profile that allows water to be discharged to both sides.
*Puccini is an Amsterdam guideline for the design and materialisation of the public space.
The bottom right figure shows a cross-section of the Kuipersteeg. Here, the optimal use of the very limited public space is the biggest challenge. Cables for data and electricity are always placed next to the façades. However, in this narrow alley, an asymmetrical design is not possible. And the cables are therefore installed on one side of the alley while serving the houses on both sides. For this profile, collaboration with all utility
companies, such as Waternet and Liander, was vital to agree on the new installing scheme for the cables and pipes. For example, a choice was made to place extra insulation so that the distance between various assets could be reduced.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work
R’DAM AHEAD
IOOR IN BOSPOLDERTUSSENDIJKEN, ROTTERDAM
In recent years, the City of Rotterdam and Eneco have worked together on restructuring the Korfmakersstraat in Bospolder-Tussendijken. The sewage system had to be replaced and the district heating installed. Regular exchange took place between the Amsterdam IOOR team and colleagues in Rotterdam, amongst other things, via the City Deal Public Space. Therefore, in the design and planning process for the Korfmakersstraat, the IOOR steps were used to create an optimal design for the surface and underground with all parties involved, and to minimise nuisance for residents during the realisation phase. This is the first street that has been completely realised using the integral design method!
project description / First street realised with the IOOR in Rotterdam, including monitoring location / Rotterdam client / Programma Aardgasvrije Wijken (programme for gas-free neighbourhoods of the City of Rotterdam) team / David al Bazzaz, Alex van Duijvenbode, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Anne-Marie Verheijen knowledge exchange / the IOOR team (City of Amsterdam) role Joyce van den Berg / Adviser
More:
• 5% engineering in the process costs
Reduction:
• 10% to 15% in materials used
• 60% in failure costs
Acceleration:
• 1 to 2.5 years saved in the realisation
MAKE
A DEAL
The City Deal Public Space (CDPS) is a three-year collaboration and exchange between municipalities, government ministries, utility companies and knowledge institutions. Van den Berg is one of the initiators of the CDPS, an initiative for knowledge sharing and knowledge development for new tasks in the public space. Together, the stakeholders develop an integral approach for urban transition tasks by identifying these and based on current projects, develop a new set of instruments for making the public space more sustainable. To work on this main objective of implementation and realisation of an integral approach to public space, six development tracks were defined within the City Deal: Integral challenge and policy development, Urban Programming and collaboration, Integral realisation, Urban investment and business cases, Data-driven management, and Harmonisation of legislation (surface and underground). In addition, there are dozens of studies from different participating cities, including the IAP Wallengebied. As a result of BiodiverCITY and a growing interest for urban soil, the City Deal partners are now working on a national soil index as well.
project description / Collaboration between government ministries, municipalities, knowledge institutions and utility companies for an integral approach to urban transition challenges participating parties / Municipalities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Leiden, The Hague, Amersfoort, Dordrecht, Tilburg, Zoetermeer, Apeldoorn, Groningen, Purmerend, Utrecht, Government ministries: Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), Interior and Kingdom Relations (BZK), Justice and Security (J&V), Infrastructure and Water Management (I&W), Other partners: Platform31, Stadswerk, CROW, Gemeentelijk Platform Kabels en Leidingen (GPKL), RIONED, Deltares, Naturalis, Statistics Netherlands, Mijnaansluiting, COB, De Bouwcampus and TU Delft participated in this national collaboration role Joyce van den Berg / Co-initiator | Member core team link / City Deal Public Space
Based on the expertise acquired about climate adaptation within the IOOR, Van den Berg was asked to lead the Spatial Climate Adaptation method. The document delivered in spring 2021 is the precursor of the current Climate Adaptation Programme of the City of Amsterdam. It is a comprehensive inventory of all (at that time) available climate adaptation knowledge in relation to the spatial domain and provides tools for urban planners and public space designers to include climate adaptation in their work. For each of the four climate challenges defined at a national level in the Netherlands – flooding, water-related problems, drought and heat –the method follows three steps: Analysis, Ambition and Action. In addition, an overview has been included of the IOOR measures and elaborations related to climate adaptation, and the method is illustrated with several cases as well.
project description / First policy guideline climate adaptation for Amsterdam client / Climate Adaptation Programme (City of Amsterdam) design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Rixt Hofman, Szymon Michalski, Maki Ryu collaboration / Amsterdam Rainproof, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet link / Spatial Climate Adaptation method
Soil-threatening habits in the city and cross-section (parametric design) of the public space with below that three cross-sections of soil.
CITY_ A MATTER OF VITAL SOIL!
BiodiverCITY_A Matter of Vital Soil! is a research and publication project that emerged from the development of the IOOR. It concerns the importance of a vital soil – a soil that is alive, a soil with high biodiversity – for the city and its residents. The book is informative and agendasetting, with a collection of in-depth essays supplemented with vivid illustrations to make visible and stirring something that is invisible and which we daily tread on and walk past without so much as a second thought. Never before has a municipality in such depth investigated soil life as a condition for city life. The appeal to all (public space) designers and policymakers in the Netherlands is clear: gain a better understanding of the soil and create the conditions for diverse life and vitality because the soil is the basis for the liveability, biodiversity and climate resilience of our cities. Without the soil, there would be no shade and cooling under a tree on a hot summer day, without the soil, no water channel next to the street or sponge effect in your back garden that buffers a downpour and without the soil, no butterflies or birdsong, or hedgehogs or other city fauna.
The project is an initiative from the City of Amsterdam and arose in collaboration with ARTIS, Het Nieuwe Instituut, Inside outside, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, and the Netherlands Institute for Ecology (NIOOKNAW). The graphic design was created by Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers. It was published in English (2021) and in Dutch (2022) by the Dutch publisher nai010uitgevers. The launch of BiodiverCITY took place at the Venice Biennale 2021 as part of the Dutch contribution. It was part of the Seoul Biennale of Architecture and Urbanism 2021, too, and has been included in the Dutch yearbook Blauwe Kamer Jaarboek Landschapsarchitectuur en Stedenbouw in Nederland 2022.
BiodiverCITY_A Matter of Vital Soil! was also listed as one of the top five projects for the Design Studio Mag Award 2022 for Environmental Design. In 2023, BiodiverCITY won the Award of Excellence in the category Concept – Analysis and Planning in the World Landscape Architecture Professional Awards 2023.
project description / Publication about the importance of soil life in the city concept /
Joyce van den Berg, Hans van der Made Editorial and coordination team / Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Hans van der Made, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Marco Roos, Alessandra Riccetti, Johan van Zoest text /
Joyce van den Berg, Sofia Gomes, Gerard Korthals, Hans van der Made, Vincent Merckx, Sylvia Mota de Oliviera, Jorinde Nuytinck, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Froukje Rienks, Marco Roos, Menno Schilthuizen, Michael Stech, Renée Zijlmans, Johan van Zoest design / Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers collaboration / ARTIS, Het Nieuwe Instituut, Inside Outside, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW) publisher / nai010 uitgevers volume / 1500 printed copies (EN) and downloadable online (NL/EN) link / BiodiverCITY_ A Matter of Vital Soil!
Soil life
Soil is a complex ecosystem made up of organic material, remnants of stone, water, gases, nutrients and soil organisms. On average, one cup of healthy soil contains 200 billion bacteria, 100,000 metres of fungal hyphae, 20 million protozoa, 100,000 nematodes, 50,000 arthropods, and usually 1 worm too.
Together, these organisms create the vital cycles of carbon, nitrogen and water within the entire ecosystem. Soil life decomposes organic waste, creates a waterretaining soil structure and makes nutrients available to plant roots. Furthermore, healthy soil makes an important contribution to the capture of CO2.
City soil is a scarce commodity
Soil in the city is formed by an interaction of ecological processes and human actions. Due to the large number of buildings, paved surfaces and high population density, soil in the city is often inaccessible, compacted (due to heavy loads), polluted and full of cables and pipework. Over the past century, Dutch cities have expanded considerably, resulting in rich agricultural soil disappearing below the
built environment. In addition, elevating the land with sand first became a normal practice. All of this has been at the expense of soil life and soil biodiversity.
At this point in history, the top layer of the soil is once again particularly vulnerable due to the increasing number of operations in the public space for the integration of infrastructure for the energy transition, digitalisation and climate adaptation.
The excavation and removal of soil not only disturbs soil life but also the (water-retaining) structure of the soil and the fungal hyphae that perform crucial soil functions. On the previous pages, all causes of urban soil degradation have been drawn as a continuous cross-section.
Besides calling for the nature-inclusive design and ecological management of the public space,
BiodiverCITY involved several exploratory studies too.
For example, a study into the seven most common trees in Amsterdam and their relation to CO2 storage, light, water, fungi, mosses, insects and pollinators. An excerpt from this research has been added opposite.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategisch
Three “city trees” with their characteristics, from:
Matter of Vital Soil!
During the development of the integral design method, it became clear that knowledge, policy and design tools were inadequate with respect to soil biodiversity. Several measures that promote soil life had already been described as part of the IOOR themes of Living Environment, Water, and Flora & Fauna. In BiodiverCITY this basis was expanded with additional measures and elaborations.
To facilitate and communicate design choices, every measure has a Dutch code that states the purpose (BB = Soil Diversity), the theme (E= Ecological Matrix, B = Soil, W = Water, Be = Management), the scale (GE = Area, NE = Network, OR = Public Space, GB = Public building) and the number of the measure. For example, mosaic mowing – the phased mowing of parks, fields and verges so
that at least 40% of the habitat of insects, pollinators and soil life remains intact – has the code BB/-Be-GE-03 (Soil Diversity, Management, Area, third measure). And BB/ Be-NE-01 is about management policy where organic material such as leaves are left lying on the ground so that they can provide a habitat and source of food for soil animals.
The cross-sections below show the difference between implementing soil-friendly measures and not doing so. A lively, biodiverse soil has an impact on the entire city landscape, from healthier trees and more nesting places for birds and other animals to less flooding and a more pleasant living environment with a lot of greenery.
ECOLOGICAL MATRIX
E-WA-01
Connect green networks in neighbourhood
E-WA-02 Connect black networks for nocturnal animals
E-WA-03 Connect freshwater banks in neighbourhood
E-WA-04 Urban agriculture: Food forest
E-NE-01 Connect green networks in network
E-NE-02 Connect freshwater banks in network
E-NE-03 Urban agriculture: Tiny forest
E-PS-01 Connect green networks in public space
E-PS-02 Green quays
E-ST-01 Connect green networks on site
E-ST-02 Facilitate nesting and roosting places in green garden fences
E-ST-03 Green roof shed or extension
E-BD-01 Connect green networks on building
E-BD-02 Urban agriculture on roof
E-BD-03 Create porosity in buildings and use nature-friendly building materials
SOIL
S-WA-01
Connect soil networks in neighbourhood
S-WA-02 Work with existing soil layers for new urban development
S-WA-03 Create higher indigenous plant diversity in neighbourhood
S-NE-01 Connect soil networks in network
S-NE-02
Collect and decompose green waste, use organic compost
S-PS-01 Connect soil networks in public space
S-PS-02 Green(ing) tree mirrors
S-ST-01 Connect soil networks on site
S-ST-02 Create (own/shared) compost heap
S-ST-03 Less paving, more green in back gardens
S-ST-04 Create green facade from facade garden
S-ST-05 Create higher indigenous plant diversity on site
S-BD-01 Connect soil networks on building
WATER
W-WA-01
Rainwater retention and buffer zone in neighbourhood
W-NE-01 Rainwater retention and buffer zone in network
W-NE-02 Water square (large)
W-PS-01 Facilitate rainwater runoff into water-buffering strips
W-ST-01 Rainwater collection and buffering in shared/own (back)garden
W-BD-01 Pond on water roof
W-BD-02 Collect and reuse rainwater for watering plants on roof/facade MANAGEMENT
M-WA-01 Foster mature soil
M-WA-02 Facilitate temporary green areas development
M-WA-03 Mowing management: varied, mosaic mowing
M-NE-01 Leave organic matter in place in neighbourhood
M-NE-02 Foster spontaneous vegetation growth in network
M-NE-03 Prevent heavy infrastructural work
M-PS-01 Remove litter sparingly in public space
M-PS-02 Foster spontaneous vegetation growth in public space
M-PS-03 Leave green between tiles in public space
M-PS-04 Create porosity
M-ST-01 Remove litter sparingly on site
M-ST-02 Foster spontaneous vegetation growth on site
M-ST-03 Leave green between tiles on site
M-BD-01 Leave dead organic matter in place on building
_ strategic
WORKING TOGETHER ON THE SOIL
NIOO-KNAWNaturalisVlinderstichtingRijkswaterstaatIUCNStichting Globe Nederland
VeryZwijsenUitgeverij Tales SamenHASHogeschoolDenBosch StichtingvoorBiodiversiteit SteenbreekStichtingWij.land StichtingBiodiversiteitsherstelIVNLandschappenNLDeltaplan EMSNatuureducatie EarthwatchFilmsInstituteEurope Bodemdierendagen.nlWageningenVlinderstichtingPlantResearch IUCNNIOO-KNAWCentreNLforSoilEcology(CSE) TUZoetermeerGemeentePlatform31PurmerendRIONEDStadswerkStadswerkTilburgDelft Leiden Ministerie IenW Ministerie JenV Ministerie GemeenteMijnaansluitingBZK Groningen Gemeentelijk Platform GPKL Gemeente Dordrecht De Bouwcampus CBSCROW COBGemeente Rotterdam MinisterieNaturalis LNV Gemeente Den Haag Deltares Gemeente Amsterdam BreinGroeneHetI&WMinisterieWaardewoordInitiatief Bewust Bodemgebruik Gemeente Amsterdam ARTIS Het Nieuwe Instituut Inside Outside Naturalis Biodiversity Center Netherlands Instituteof Ecology (NIOO-KNAW)
Drenthe Twente Noord-Brabant Gelderland Noord-Holland Naturalis Biodiversity Center Universiteit Twente Universiteit van Amsterdam WesterdijkFungalbioDiversityInstitute UniversiteitEURUniversiteitULTUDVUAHL-LCABHvAHbLNaturalis NatuurhistorischMuseumRotterdamviabSRSNNCTrompenburgABLWGNEV Gemeente AmsterdamLeiden ProvinceRotterdamviabSRNoord-HollandbSROBASteenbreek Vriendenvande Leidse Hortus Waarneming.nl Cobra Groeninzicht GreenwavesystemsHeijmans Reichwein Post ProductionRespyre EnerSearch Solar Buurtgroen020 De Gezonde Stad Food Council MRA
TerrAgenda 2020-30 City Deal Openbare Ruimte (bodemindex)
BODEMINITIATIEVEN
projectvoorstelHiddenBiodiversity-Naturalis
OnderhetMaaiveld
Bodemdierendagen
Stichting
GLOBENederland
IVNIUCNGemeente Amsterdam Arcam Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam Wageningen University Centrum voor Bodemecologie NIOO-KNAW
SPIN OFF _ strategic ONDER HET MAAIVELD (BELOW GROUND LEVEL)
ACADEMIC WORKSHOP
SOIL
Onder het Maaiveld (Below Ground Level) was a special project during which there was a lot of exchange with the BiodiverCITY team. It was a multimedia educational and awareness-raising initiative intended to restore soil life in the Netherlands. Besides several children’s books, the project included a breathtaking documentary with the same title: Onder Het Maaiveld (2023).
At the invitation of the Chief Science Office of the City of Amsterdam, the Academic Workshop Soil (AWB) was started as an interdisciplinary lab and workshop for professionals to gain new insights and think of new research questions related to the soil. The BiodiverCITY team of the City of Amsterdam organised the workshop in collaboration with Naturalis, the Netherlands Institute of Ecology and the ARTIS-Groote Museum. In 2023, four meetings were organised with the overarching question: “How does everything come together in the soil of public spaces, both now and in the future?”
To avoid restricting the discussion to sectoral conversations, four themes have been chosen that criss-cross professional, bureaucratic and spatial demarcations: Time, Scale, Depth and Interaction. Artist Jaehun Park created a 3D computer-modelled work of art to visualise insights from the meetings.
2022, 2023 _to date
_ strategic HIDDEN BIODIVERSITY
As a result of the BiodiverCITY project, a grant proposal was submitted to the Dutch Research Agenda (NWA) by a number of parties involved in BiodiverCITY and a large consortium of scientific institutes, research groups, societal initiatives, municipalities, provinces and a number of companies. The research proposal addresses “hidden biodiversity” in the city and how urban greenery can be improved by taking into account networks of invisible biodiversity. Bacteria, fungi,
invertebrates, algae, lichens, mosses and wild/street plants make up at least 25% of the species diversity in the Netherlands. They fulfil many important ecosystem services, such as retaining water and capturing CO2. In the future, understanding and conserving these “invisible” species will be vital for healthy, liveable, climate-resilient and nature-inclusive cities.
The proposal recently received funding and the research project started in 2023. As the
national research institute for biodiversity in the Netherlands, Naturalis is the lead for the project. Van den Berg helped to write the NWA research proposal and will fulfil an advisory role during the research by contributing her expertise as a landscape architect as well as her knowledge about biodiversity as part of urban planning and designing the public space.
ABOVE AND BELOW GROUND MESSAGES TO THE CITY COUNCIL
On behalf of the architecture centre of Amsterdam, Arcam, city poet Marjolijn van Heemstra wrote poetic messages to the city council that spoke in the quiet voices of everyday and unnoticed elements in the city, both above and below the ground.
Onder- en bovengrondse berichten aan het stadsbestuur
The unheard non-human residents from above and below the ground let themselves be heard. Via city poet Marjolijn van Heemstra, they spoke up and requested attention from designers, the residents of Amsterdam but, in particular, from their city council. The poems were recorded by garden and park designer Ton Hilhorst, photographer Rubén Dario Kleimeer, architect Aura Luz Melis, journalist, author and moderator Tracy Metz, cultural heritage professional Thijs van Roon and landscape designer Philomene van der Vliet, who all passionately lend their voice to the interests of life in and on the soil. Via the graphic design of Eliane Beyer (Joseph Plateau), their greetings to the city council literally illuminate the dark with a glow-in-thedark poster.
Onder- en bovengrondse aan het Opgetekend Marjolijn (in stadsdichter
Lief stadsbestuur,
kent u het lied van de roodborst die tikt tegen het raam, tik tik tik, zingt: laat mij erin, laat mij erin?
Ik denk vaak aan die vogel, zijn poging en dat glas, ook ik kom niet binnen; ik tik op asfalt, tik op tegels, tik op daken, op beton, ik tik en niets opent zich,
de stad neemt mij niet op. Zelfs lege grond biedt nauwelijks plek, te droog, te nat, ik kan niet zakken dus ik wacht, ik wacht in grote diepe plassen, zet de straten blank,
dat is geen onwil, het is simpel: als ik niet cirkel sta ik stil en verzamel ik mijn kracht, tot ik uit mijn vorm barst
ik zou onzichtbaar moeten zijn, water wordt waar het land, wat ik ben is wat ik aanraak tenzij niets mij vangt, als ik teveel wordt: laat mij binnen, ruk de tegels uit de tuinen,
geef mij mos en geen garages, sedum op de daken. Maak mijn halve cirkels heel, haal het glas weg, houdt mij vast.
Hartelijks en groen, Regen Waterplantje
Regenplas Levenscyclus
Poster with glow-in-the-dark soil organisms printed with fluorescent ink
Beste, blinde stadsbestuurders, Ik ben er en niet, geef adem, maak ziek, gassen, pollen, zoveel vormen, vormloos stof, stolp van hitte op een wijk, bries vanaf het water, koepel van oranje licht ’s nachts boven de stad, ik ben reflectie, roet en geur, vluchtig, vervuild, duizendmaal stroom ik door neuzen, ik ken de mens van longs af aan, alle strotten en monden, tongen en smaken, iedereen ademt hetzelfde mengsel. Elke seconde betreed ik het lichaam, en laat bij verlaten mijn sporen na. Ik ben het die levens verlengt of verkort. Pas als ik verdwijn merk je me op, maar ik draag wat de mens de wereld in brengt, leg het terug in eigen borst. Succes ermee, Lucht
Vliegtax
IAMACONSUMER IAMATOURIST
Geachte onnozelaars, Van het prille begin kreeg ik een stigma: wat denk je bij het woord oma? Stroef en traag, moeilijk berijdbaarmaar ik droeg mijn naam als geuzennaam, tot iedereen op mijn zadel wilde. Ik was de geliefdste, meest gejatte fiets van de stad, ik bepaalde het tempo in de straten, mijn bel sloeg de maat.
Versnellingen? Voor sukkels! Snelheid is een samenspel van spierkracht en pedalen. Zo liet ik bewoners door slagregens trappen, doorweekt maar voldaan, want hoe je fietst is hoe je leeft en moeite geeft voldoening omdat ze karakter kweekt. Dit is waarom ik u schrijf: de stad raakt haar ritme kwijt. Niet langer bepaalt mijn zwoegende trap, maar een kakofonie van amateurs, wie niet investeert in de reis die hij aflegt mag zich geen weggebruiker noemen. Zoevers en flitsers; geen natgeregend pak, geen rug die plakt van zweet, nooit een gore broekspijp omdat de ketting eraf lag. Een absurde parade van half-fietsen is het, infantiele karretjes, elektrische kastelen als voertuig vermomd. Oma is kwaad ja, het is chaos, niemand die de maat nog slaat, luiaards gaan hard, de snellen gaan traag. Ruk accu’s en snoertjes los. Steek die dikke banden aan gort. Breng cadans terug in de stad. Met kwade, stadige groet, Oma-fiets
Kringloop
Lief stadsbestuur, De droom die door mijn buizen stroomde: iedereen warm en schoon, behaaglijke waterstralen, mijn onderaardse stelsel een labyrint van welvaart, uit oeroude bellen naar de mensen gebracht nu het einde nadert vraag ik me af of iemand ooit aan de oerbossen dacht die in een lang vergeten tijdvak vergingen, onder grote druk veranderden in olie, steenkool, gas zo veel algen, bomen, beesten opgestookt in radiators, van prehistorie naar waakvlam in de ketel, zoiets gaat niet ongestraft; wie zijn huis verwarmt, verwarmt de wereld, logisch, lijkt me, maar jullie tweevoeters zijn, met alle respect, niet geschikt voor logica, wel voor de chemie die van bos een brandstof maakt. Tovenaars, allemaal, tot het laatste moment vertrouwend op de truc. En nu zoeken jullie verder terug in het verleden, oudere bronnen dan ik heb gegeven. De razende zon, wind, water. Een eindoplossing zal het niet zijn, het enige wat jullie redt is minder van meerach, zinloos gebazel, naar mijn leiding luistert niemand, ik ben slechts een buis, maar wel een buis die zijn tijd graag vooruit is. Ik wil de oude wereld niet langer door mijn pijpen horen sissen. Vul mij met de kracht van de eerste elementen. Houd mij nuttig, maak mij schoon, de ader van de nieuwe droom. Met ondergrondse achting, Het gasleidingnetwerk
Lief stadsbestuur, kent u het lied van de roodborst die tikt tegen het raam, tik tik tik, zingt: laat mij erin, laat mij erin? Ik denk vaak aan die vogel, zijn poging en dat glas, ook ik kom niet binnen; ik tik op asfalt, tik op tegels, tik op daken, op beton, ik tik en niets opent zich, de stad neemt mij niet op. Zelfs lege grond biedt nauwelijks plek, te droog, te nat, ik kan niet zakken dus ik wacht, ik wacht in grote diepe plassen, zet de straten blank, dat is geen onwil, het is simpel: als ik niet cirkel sta ik stil en verzamel ik mijn kracht, tot ik uit mijn vorm barst ik zou onzichtbaar moeten zijn, water wordt waar het land, wat ik ben is wat ik aanraak tenzij niets mij vangt, als ik teveel wordt: laat mij binnen, ruk de tegels uit de tuinen, geef mij mos en geen garages, sedum op de daken. Maak mijn halve cirkels heel, haal het glas weg, houdt mij vast. Hartelijks en groen, Regen
Zonder mij is het drijven of verdrinken. Mijn eisen zijn redelijk voor het werk dat ik verricht.
1. Meer grond.
2. Schone grond. Vergeet niet dat ik uw toekomst ben, de hoeder van uw laatste plek, het gat waarin u straks verdwijnt. Ik zal kronkelen door uw brein, dat trouwens in de worm geboren werd, ik was het eerste dier met hersens, uw denken is van oorsprong ondergronds. Rekenend op uw verstand onderteken ik, met achting, Worm
101010010100011001101101011
01010010100011001010101010
1001101011110101001010
Geachte bovengrondse, U vergat zich aan mij voor te stellen. Zand erover, u bent niet de eerste, maar uw stad bestaat niet zonder mij. Aangenaam. Walvis van de aarde. Albatros van het compost. Regenworm. Pendelaar tussen land en water. Meester van het verticale. U beweegt zich langs de horizon. Ik tussen boven en beneden. Ik kan u gangen leren graven, dieper dan uw diepste angsten, leren hoe je water als eb de grond intrekt, als een levende ploeg, plassen naar het duister brengt. Voor niets houd ik uw straten droog, maar wie makkelijk over mij heen stapt schiet zich in de voet.
Onderkruipsel
Veel gepraat over toekomstbestendigheid. Veel metingen. Paar ideeën. Ik maar liggen. Wachten. Uitgedroogd. Zinderend asfalt in laaiende zon. Geen vinger om op te steken. Klinkers zonder stem. Ik zou zeggen: al die toekomst lijkt veel op het verleden. Het was er al, het werkte al, toen werd het door gesneden. Als we ergens heen gaan dan graag terug. Wormen aub. Wortels om dit asfalt te breken. De schaduw die hier altijd lag en mensen die slenteren. Waar zijn ze gebleven? De wandelaars, de trage sloffers. Wat is een straat als niemand stopt? Doorvoerroute. Droog kanaal van A naar B. Aandacht wil ik. Aandacht brengt vanzelf de rest. Ik ben geen route maar een plek. Vermoeide groeten, Straat
Geacht, oppervlakkig stadsbestuur, Ik wil niet veel, alleen wat minder. In mijn eentje lukt het niet, al die informatie die ik dagelijks te vreten krijg, probeer er maar vanaf te blijven. Ik ben te zwak, te zwaar, ik kan niet meer. Duizelig van zoomgesprekken, stijf van transfers verslik ik me in terrabytes. Voor wie op ooghoogte leeft ben ik makkelijk te vergeten, maar het wordt tijd u te bemoeien met de velen hierbeneden. Ze noemen mij hier MegaMat, niemand mag mij en ik snap het. Kijk hoe log ik in de bodem lig, blokkeer de wortels en de wormen. Ik wil slinken, als een kreekje kronkelen onder tegels. Ik wil lang en slank en soepel zijn, ik wil snelheid, ik wil vezels. Diepe groeten, Uw kabel
Stadsbestuur! In haast geschreven, onderweg naar de oven, van vocht naar vuur, mijn korte leven zou eindeloos zijn als u voorbij mijn aangezicht keek ik ben meer dan spletenveger! Bespaar mij dit lot dat ik niet kan bevatten, mijn natte wezen straks in as, er is allang bewezen wat ik kan betekenen voor de stad. Mijn cellulose versterkt gevels wegen en kozijnen. Isoleer met mij! Composteer met mij! Red mij van de vlammen, van dit domme, rechte denken dat wat je doorspoelt niets meer waard is. Van anus naar asfalt is alles te winnen, laat mij cirkelen, vandaag nog, met mij verbrandt de zoveelste kans! Urgente groet, Wc-papier
Lithium
Geopolitiek
Geheugen
Buizenstelsel
Korstmos
Circulair
Stoeptegel
Klimaatmars
Aardwarmte
E-bike
Wortelstelsel
Waterplantje
Kabelnetwerk
Regenplas
Levenscyclus
Exotisch
Digidata
Kikkerdril
IJskristal
Hemellichaam
Nachtwacht
Spierkracht
Kabelnetwerk
Geopolitiek
Stadsbestuur!
Beste, blinde stadsbestuurders,
Vliegtax
In haast geschreven, onderweg naar de oven, van vocht naar vuur, mijn korte leven zou eindeloos zijn als u voorbij mijn aangezicht keekik ben meer dan spletenveger!
Bespaar mij dit lot dat ik niet kan bevatten, mijn natte wezen straks in as, er is allang bewezen wat ik kan betekenen voor de stad.
Geacht, oppervlakkig stadsbestuur,
IAMACONSUMER
Ik wil niet veel, alleen wat minder. In mijn eentje lukt het niet, al die informatie die ik dagelijks te vreten krijg, probeer er maar vanaf te blijven. Ik ben te zwak, te zwaar, ik kan niet meer.
Ik ben er en niet, geef adem, maak ziek, gassen, pollen, zoveel vormen, vormloos stof, stolp van hitte op een wijk, bries vanaf het water, koepel van oranje licht ’s nachts boven de stad, ik ben reflectie, roet en geur, vluchtig, vervuild, duizendmaal stroom ik door neuzen, ik ken de mens van longs af aan, alle strotten en monden, tongen en smaken, iedereen ademt hetzelfde mengsel. Elke seconde betreed ik het lichaam, en laat bij verlaten mijn sporen na. Ik ben het die levens verlengt of verkort. Pas als ik verdwijn merk je me op, maar ik draag wat de mens de wereld in brengt, leg het terug in eigen borst.
Succes ermee, Lucht
Mijn cellulose versterkt gevels wegen en kozijnen. Isoleer met mij! Composteer met mij! Red mij van de vlammen, van dit domme, rechte denken dat wat je doorspoelt niets meer waard is. Van anus naar asfalt is alles te winnen, laat mij cirkelen, vandaag nog, met mij verbrandt de zoveelste kans!
Duizelig van zoomgesprekken, stijf van transfers verslik ik me in terrabytes. Voor wie op ooghoogte leeft ben ik makkelijk te vergeten, maar het wordt tijd u te bemoeien met de velen hierbeneden.
Ze noemen mij hier MegaMat, niemand mag mij en ik snap het. Kijk hoe log ik in de bodem lig, blokkeer de wortels en de wormen. Ik wil slinken, als een kreekje kronkelen onder tegels. Ik wil lang en slank en soepel zijn, ik wil snelheid, ik wil vezels.
Diepe groeten, Uw kabel
Urgente groet, Wc-papier
Paardenbloempluisje
Digidata
Mycelium
ECOLOGICAL WATER QUALITY
HEALTHY
WATER
Many aspects of the water-rich public space (in Amsterdam) have been greatly overlooked, but provide opportunities for the future, such as ecological values, aquathermal energy or a place to cool off during a heatwave. In 2027, all Dutch waters must also satisfy the European Water Framework Directive, including canals and other urban surface water. With the introduction of this new directive, the current inadequate water quality could well lead to fines from Brussels. There is an urgent need for exploratory research into the role of water ecology and water quality in the city for the purpose of biodiversity, climate resilience and improved sustainability.
At a project level, the reason for further research into ecological water quality was the IAP Wallengebied, where a large part of the project area is made up of canals, and the major challenge of replacing the canal walls and bridges is at the top of the agenda. Artist and landscape architect Thijs de Zeeuw made an initial exploration of the issues concerning water ecology. To gain a deeper understanding of the subject of urban water quality, a national research proposal was formulated with the title Future water: exploratory research into urban water ecology. In this proposal, the various cities involved were used as cases to gain practical knowledge about what Dutch cities need to improve their water quality and water ecology.
project description / Exploration of ecological water quality in Amsterdam location / Amsterdam core team / Joyce van den Berg (co-initiator), Mas Jansma, Maarten Ouboter, Thijs de Zeeuw collaboration / Waternet, Waterschap AGV
Under the microscope, Amsterdam canal water proves to be full of life. For example, multicellular rotifers play an important role in the food chain and function as tiny filters. The water in the canals contains billions of rotifers. The yellow spheres are colonies of unicellular chrysomonad algae from the genus Synura. Many bacteria are present in the canal water as well but these are harder to identify. What are the functions of the different species of microbes in our urban water? And what do they need to contribute to better water quality and more aquatic flora and fauna?
Joyce
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical
JUST LOOK AT THIS NOORDER IJPLAS
Although this is an older project in the portfolio, it contains many elements that now play a central role in Van den Berg’s work with the IOOR and BiodiverCITY. The Noorder IJplas lake project is about soil quality and underground, both above and below the water. But water quality, biodiversity and circularity are also important elements in the design. The project demonstrates a landscape-centred view of a densifying city with unusual, innovative solutions and long-term thinking. All of these aspects are typical of how Van den Berg continues to approach complex urban challenges today as well.
The Noorder IJplas is located between Amsterdam, Zaanstad and Oostzaan. The lake was quarried in the 1970s and 1980s to extract sand for the construction of the A10 motorway, for example. As a deep body of water, its value for nature and biodiversity was limited. On the nearby municipal soil bank, waste soil from building projects and roadworks had been dumped. The municipality did not know how to get rid of all that earth. As the chief designer in the project, Van den Berg has linked these two problems. In phases over a longer period of time, the soil from the depot has been used to make the Noorder IJplas less deep and to create natural banks to improve the ecological value and water quality. Also, the soil quality and experiential value of the surrounding land was considerably improved through a long-term strategy of using grazing animals (and off-road motorcycling) because these constantly churn up the ground, which means that the landscape retains a characteristic pioneering ecology.
The work started about 10 years ago, and these photos were taken last summer. The Noorder IJplas has now become a rich ecological environment. Unusual plants and animals live in the lake due to its brackish water. These days, it has even become a popular diving location. Many birds can be found there, too. With the development of Haven-Stad and the developments in the Achtersluispolder on the side of Zaanstad and Oostzaan, the lake will soon be located in the middle of the city.
project description / Incorporation soil depot and ecological evolution of the Noorder IJplas location / Amsterdam-Noord client / Land and Development (City of Amsterdam) design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij collaboration / Waternet
We cannot simply solve the problems within the same system that has caused these problems. As then, too many essential things will go wrong. Jessica den Outer
If you assume that science delivers certainty, well, that’s simply your own fault. Richard Feynman
The earlier you invest, the bigger the return. James Aeckman
ABLEDEVELOPMENT
Sustainable area development
Prior to the development of the Integral Design Method Public Space, Van den Berg carried out several area development projects in Haven-Stad, Amsterdam, where the focus was on sustainability. The complexity in terms of spatial incorporation and stakeholders for projects such as the Zaanstraat emplacement and the Haarlemmerweg - N200, demonstrate how experienced and skilled Van den Berg is in creating order and societal support amidst chaos and seemingly conflicting interests. The sticking points between sustainability issues and the current way of working that clearly emerged during the various projects in Haven-Stad gave rise to the conceptual seeds that were planted for the development of the IOOR.
HAVEN-STAD DEVELOPMENT STRATEGY
SUSTAIN ABLE TRANSFOR MATION
Joyce van den Berg
Haven-Stad in Amsterdam-West is being transformed from an industrial area into an urban residential and working area. The development strategy drawn up for this in 2017 was later translated into an “integral framework” that was approved in 2021. Van den Berg was the lead for the original development strategy that describes the conditions and area-wide tasks to be able to develop Haven-Stad into an attractive residential and working area with 40,000 to 70,000 new homes and 45,000 to 58,000 jobs. The strategy was divided into 12 sub-areas and 5 phases, and the characteristics, opportunities, and risks of the different sub-locations were taken into account. Over the course of time, the residential building programme and financial management from the perspective of ground exploitations will take place per sub-area. Achieving high densities while retaining a healthy living climate is only possible if Haven-Stad has good transport connections. As the current road network cannot process much more extra traffic, a step-by-step “mobility shift” is anticipated with high-quality public transport, cycling and pedestrian traffic.
Sustainable energy sources, such as energy from the waste energy company and hot and cold water from the River IJ, are just a stone’s throw away. Furthermore, a growing number of companies in the harbour area are working on the circular economy. This provides opportunities for Haven-Stad to take the lead in terms of sustainability and circularity.
project description / Area transformation of harbour and industry to housing and working location / Amsterdam-West client / Planning and Sustainability (City of Amsterdam) design team / Melanie August de Meijer, Joyce van den Berg (co-lead), Andreas Mulder, Joanna Stegenga-Rydlewska, Mirjam Verrijdt, Bart Vlaanderen (general lead Haven-Stad) size / 40,000 to 70,000 new homes, 45,000 to 58,000 jobs.
The Haven-Stad area is being transformed into a mixed, metropolitan environment in an area ratio of 80% housing and 20% non-housing.
Other departure points:
• In HavenStad 40,000 to 70,000 new homes will be built.
• The neighbourhoods in Haven-Stad will provide homes for a mixed group of people according to socioeconomic status, age and composition of the households.
• HavenStad will provide room for 45,000 to 58,000 jobs.
• During the transformation, the investment perspective of the companies already located in the area will play a prominent role.
• In HavenStad, the social, cultural and commercial programme of facilities realised will be appropriate to a metropolitan environment.
• HavenStad will be given a high-quality network of green-blue spaces and structures with improved connectivity that complies with the Amsterdam Reference Standard.
• In HavenStad, priority will be given to cyclists and pedestrians, and the focus will be on the high-quality, intricate public transport infrastructure (bus, tram and metro).
• HavenStad will take the lead in the field of sustainability and circularity.
RELOCATION
PUZZLING AND FITTING
EMPLACEMENT (MIRT)
Joyce van den Berg
Within the larger area development of Haven-Stad, a technical feasibility study and a MIRT trajectory were carried out to examine whether the emplacement on the Zaanstraat could be relocated to Westhaven. The area, which mainly consists of elevated railway tracks, forms the crucial link between the Spaarndammerbuurt and Westerpark. The location and the good public transport, cycling and pedestrian connections make this an ideal location for high-density building. The project was very complex due to the large number of asset owners and authorities involved: the City of Amsterdam, NS, Prorail, NedTrain, Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management and the Port of Amsterdam.
The railway emplacements serve the activities of NedTrain and function as parking places for passenger trains. Relocating the current activities can reduce the spatial barrier and create a better connection between the Spaarndammerbuurt, Westerpark and Sloterdijk. At the same time, the railway sector has plans concerning the railway emplacements and the rail logistics around Amsterdam, such as the High-Frequency Rail Programme. The core of the study encompasses three scenarios for relocating the emplacement to Westhaven, and the financial consequences of each scenario have been considered as well.
project description / Feasibility study for the MIRT of the Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management location / Amsterdam-West client / Planning and Sustainability, City of Amsterdam design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Carlijn Klomp, Andreas Mulder collaboration / Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management, Nederlandse Spoorwegen, ProRail
Haalbaarheidsstudie verplaatsing Zaanstraat emplacement naar emplacement Westhaven (MIRT)
The various scenarios that emerged from the feasibility study constitute an amplification of the needs and interests of the various stakeholders and illustrate how different ways of relocating the railway emplacement can provide room for new (sustainability) ambitions.
CYCLES STUDY CIRCULAR ECONOMY ZAANSTRAAT
EMPLACEMENT
2016 Study circular economy
Zaanstraat emplacement
The City of Amsterdam wants the city to use 50% less new raw materials in 2030, and aims for the city to be 100% circular in 2050. As a practical step towards achieving these ambitions, a study into the potential of circularity for the transformation of the Zaanstraat emplacement was conducted in Haven-Stad with Van den Berg as its project leader. The study examined which materials are released in different phases of the transformation of the area. It also investigated how the soil can be remediated in a natural manner.
project description / Study circular approach Zaanstraat emplacement location / Amsterdam-West client / Planning and Sustainability (City of Amsterdam) design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Martijn Veentra size / 8.5 hectares
Joyce
The study examined both the economic and ecological aspects of materials and raw materials. The financial component was also schematically described.
GOING FURTHER TOGETHER
The N200 is a main artery for entering and leaving the city on the west side of Amsterdam, but it has also formed a major barrier between the surrounding extant and future neighbourhoods. The re-profiling and restructuring of the Haarlemmerweg - N200 falls under Haven-Stad as well. This MIRT trajectory was a particularly complex project due to the various asset owners: City of Amsterdam, Rijkswaterstaat, Waternet and Stadsregio. Rijkswaterstaat owns the road, the municipality owns the trees and greenery, and Waternet is the owner of the main drinking water pipe from the dunes, which needs to be replaced. What makes this project unusual is that Rijkswaterstaat approved a reduction of the maximum speed on the N200 from 70 to 50 km per hour. As a result, it has become considerably easier to cross the road between Haven-Stad and Amsterdam-West.
The most unique aspect of this project, for which Van den Berg created the design, is that the consultation between the stakeholders was organised so well that the area has a single design document, with a single financial construction and a single joint call for tenders written out by several owners.
project description / Restructuring main access road as a city street and replacing primary drinking water pipe location / Amsterdam-West client / Land and Development, City of Amsterdam design team / Rosalie Begeer, Joyce van den Berg (lead), Mohamed el Faghloumi, Simon Sprietsma, Robert Younger size / Length of 4 kilometres
The Haarlemmerweg and N200 have become an important green corridor in the city.
Spatial technical challenges included increasing the possibilities for various traffic flows to cross the Haarlemmerweg in an orderly manner. Another was the replacement and incorporation of the new main drinking water pipe from the Amsterdamse Waterleidingduinen (water supply dunes of Amsterdam) to the city, a pipe of considerable size.
Based on the MIRT Sloterdijk and the design document, we drew up these points of departure for a city road:
• Haarlemmerweg - N200 as a green corridor through the urban environment;
• Well-ordered traffic situation;
• Strengthening the continuity of underpasses;
• Interweaving of the urban fabric between the south side of the Haarlemmerweg and the urban fabric on the north side of the Haarlemmerweg/vaart;
• Final image quality in each phase, and space for further growth.
CONNECT IONS FOR PEOPLE AND ANIMALS
Joyce van den Berg
The restructuring of Molenwerf was originally just a restructuring task that included an assignment from the Stadsregio to build an extra tram stop. Thanks to the smart combination of financial resources it became possible to add more quality for both people and animals. Due to the restructuring, the ecological bottleneck besides the Brettenzone was removed by extending the ecological value and shaping this in an urban context. At the same time, cut-through driving that had caused a lot of nuisance was prevented by degrading the street the drivers used. In terms of experience, Molenwerf was designed as an extension of the Westerpark, using similar materials and plants. Overall, a subtle but valuable new balance of types of mobility and connections has arisen at the Molenwerf.
project description / From bottleneck to connection for people and animals with an ecological tram stop location / Amsterdam-West client / Land and Development (City of Amsterdam) design team/ Joyce van den Berg (lead), Mohamed el Faghloumi, Mark van Vilsteren collaboration / Metro and Tram, Stadsregio size / 2 hectares
As can be seen from the map and legend, the choice of materials and plants for the restructuring has been strongly inspired by the Westerpark. As a cyclist, you cycle through the greenery, and as a walker or person catching a tram you can even count the rabbits as you briefly sit down on one of the continuous wooden benches.
Without creativity, there would be no progress and we would keep on repeating the same plans for all eternity.
Edward de Bono
SCAPEINCOHESION
On the other hand, I have demonstrated that the brain of domesticated rabbits is considerably smaller in size compared to that of the wild rabbit and hare. Charles Darwin (1871)
What is best in music is not to be found in the notes. Gustav Mahler (1860-1911)
Landscape in cohesion
In this section, two projects are described that both lie in the head of the Amstelscheg. These landscape architecture projects concern the interaction between the city, landscape and mobility. The impact of urbanisation on green spaces has always been an important theme in Van den Berg’s work. Greenery fulfils so many roles in and around the city: From increasing biodiversity and providing room for rest and recreation to climate buffering, cooling and a sense of wonder. Important pillars in any landscape intervention are cultural history and the connection with the surrounding area, both visually and spatially and in terms of mobility and meaningfulness.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical operational
VISUAL ENHANCE MENT AMSTELSCHEG
Several large green areas around Amsterdam provide a range of ecological, climate-adaptive and recreational values for the city and its environs. These green wedges, also called ‘Scheggen’ penetrate the city and, in doing so, create continuity from the surrounding countryside through to the green structure of the city. The huge demand for homes –in which the focus is on increasing density instead of expanding into the valuable green area – places more pressure on the functions and values of the Scheggen and, in particular, at the “head of the Scheggen”. The project to improve the head of the Amstelscheg anticipates this densification and the urgent transition challenges.
Instead of a complete restructuring, the project focuses on describing, supporting and connecting various ongoing initiatives. The underlying aim of the project is to enhance the total landscape and the connection between the city and the landscape of the head of the Amstelscheg. For example, a yellow route that passes through the Amstelpark has been designed. By performing landscape acupuncture with small replacements and visual or spatial enhancements at strategic spots, the effect on the overall structure is considerable. The various initiatives and potential interventions have been described and can be taken up independently of each other. However, together, they help experience the landscape as a coherent whole. Some aspects have already been accomplished, while others still need to be executed.
project description / Improving head of the Amstelscheg for more connection and possibilities for recreation location / Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel client / Municipalities of Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Ed Buijs, Martijn Veentra size / circa 4 hectares
In the head of the Amstelscheg, important visual, ecological, and recreational spots have been marked. By enhancing these spots and spatially and visually connecting them with each other and the surroundings, the accessibility and experience of the head of the Amstelscheg is considerably improved with a minimum of interventions.
In the design process, an extensive analysis was performed of existing valuable spots and initiatives and how these could be enhanced. Amongst other things, this analysis considered which interventions would be necessary, the associated costs and which values in the area would be enhanced.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical operational
INVISIBLE GROWTH AMSTELSCHEG A9
The green buffer zone of the Amstelscheg on the south side of Amsterdam is crossed by the A9 motorway, which joins the A2 motorway. Part of the development of the head of the Amstelscheg was the widening of the A9. On the one hand, this meant a widening of this linear element in the landscape and, on the other, the mandatory and necessary infrastructure also had to be incorporated into the green environment. Due to its elevated location, the A9 has a considerable influence on how the polder landscape is experienced. The widening was a good moment to pay attention to a careful incorporation into the landscape. The impact of the intervention was minimised by ensuring that the A9 blends with the landscape. In consequence, the choice fell on a natural colour composition that combines well with the landscape. The biggest challenge was the design of the “care station”, a combination of a petrol station with shops, places to eat and rest. In the end, the City of Amsterdam together with municipality Ouderkerk aan de Amstel and Rijkswaterstaat produced a “Client Requirements Specification” for the incorporation of the motorway.
project description / Incorporation and widening of A9 in the head of the Amstelscheg location / Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel client / Municipalities of Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Ed Buijs, Martijn Veentra collaboration / Rijkswaterstaat, Ouderkerk aan de Amstel size / 100 hectares
A good spatial and visual incorporation of the A9 and the care station is achieved by a careful study of height differences, materialisation and greenery.
Different design variants were explored in the design process, during which the discovery of the impossibilities was just as important as the discovery of the possibilities. Establishing undesirable motorway profiles and sound barriers contributed to finding the desired solutions.
Quite a few things that we call problems are nothing other than an as yet unrealised goal. www.omdenken.nl
OFPUBLICSPACE
Playing is an activity that people cannot take seriously enough. Jacques-Yves Cousteau
We are not confronting an energy crisis, but one of imagination and enthusiasm.
Las Gaviotas
Design of public space
In the following projects, the key elements are design and incorporation in public space. The projects are from the period 2007-2011. Some were carried out by Studio Berg, and some while Van den Berg was employed by the City of Amsterdam. The golden thread throughout the projects is an eye for ecological values and (historical) identity.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work
TAMED WILDERNESS
WILLED DIVERSITY
The city centre of Helmond is bordered to the south by a railway line. The opposite side of the railway line is being developed with the construction of a new neighbourhood called Suytkade, which is part of the development plan Centrumzone 2015. It will eventually result in 1000 homes to rent as well as privately owned properties. Together with Knooppunt Innovatief Groen, a knowledge centre that focuses on the development of greener environments, Municipality of Helmond asked Studio Berg to produce a draft design in which the new neighbourhood is integrated into its environment.
The old city centre has not only made been made more accessible but a solution has also been offered for the undeveloped land that is part of the new neighbourhood. The construction of homes in Suytkade was realised in phases. This means that different areas of the terrain remained unused for a longer period of time. Studio Berg developed the concept of “waiting land” (Dutch ‘wachtland’) for these areas. The design provides temporary functions for these areas, which makes them far more attractive. For example, dirt tracks can be constructed where roads have been planned for a later phase.
A movable swimming pool provided a flexible and relocatable recreation facility. There was also room for temporary ecological functions and routes for different animal species to safely leave the terrain once the neighbourhood was further developed. This combination of temporary functions transformed the wasteland into attractive waiting areas.
project description / Design sketch public space Suytkade location / Helmond client / Municipality of Helmond design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font size / 3.7 hectares
Over the years, the ecology and biodiversity of the “waiting land” will naturally develop. A sort of rewilding avant la lettre. At the same time, the temporary functions will evolve over time until new homes are built. This will give rise to different values for the city’s undeveloped land, which would otherwise be viewed as “empty”.
FROM BARRIER TO LINK
Helmond grew thanks to the textile industry. An important factor in the city’s success within this industry was the Vlisco factory, which was established in 1846. From a city planning perspective, the factory had quite simply been neglected. It was located in an isolated area and that, in addition, blocked the route between the old city centre and the recently developed Suytkade estate.
Vlisco, as an important textile centre, has the potential to be a powerful symbol for Helmond. The factory is internationally renowned for its high-quality fashion fabrics for the African market. It is not for nothing that the Vlisco brand is also called the “Gucci of Africa”. In addition, the site has unusual factory buildings, including an impressive historical water tower. Helmond has many reasons to be proud of the Vlisco factory. Unfortunately, in the current situation (at the time of the project), the factory’s landscape and all cultural-historical opportunities remain unused.
In the design, the industrial site is made accessible for the public and enriched with the so-called Vlisco Park. Full use will be made of the industrial site. The north side of the Vlisco site borders Helmond castle. The two locations will be connected by a recreational route that runs parallel to the Zuidwillemsvaart and passes the castle and the factory on the west side. The shared identity of the castle and the factory will be further emphasised by the River Aa, which is located on the east side. Up until now, the river was underground at various locations (see project Tamed Wilderness, p.140).
In the new plans for the area, the flow of the river will be restored. Due to the variable water levels, the recreational route along the River Aa will acquire a playful and adventurous character. The contrast between the castle and the factory will be marked by a monumental gateway that will be placed somewhere along the route. The upgraded Vlisco site will no longer form a barrier between the old city centre and the new Suytkade neighbourhood, but a welcoming link between the two.
project description / Vision on redevelopment Vlisco industrial site location / Helmond client / Municipality of Helmond design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font size / 9 hectares
PROFESSOR
DR. DORGELO LAAN
FLOATING ON THE SOURCE
The north of the area borders the university campus, and to the south, it is bounded by a railway line. The area has many different functions, such as marshland, temporary parking places and several office buildings, some of which are still under construction. In the past, this area was connected with the nearby River Dommel by an ecologically and historically valuable area. But, in the current landscape design, this connection has been lost. The municipality of Eindhoven requested Studio Berg to develop a number of different scenarios and to elaborate one of these into a design plan for the future green structure of this developing area.
In the design, the various landscape categories are connected by the Professor Dr. Dorgelolaan. An interesting element is the centuries-old forest Broekbos on the avenue’s south side. It used to form a wetland connection with the River Dommel, but lost this wetland characteristic due to flooding. In the new design, the silt layer was removed to return the Broekbos to its original level. As a result, the wood regained its wetland character and was transformed into a mysterious and vast area. The site was made accessible by a boardwalk, a so-called Corduroy Road. This has become part of the regional walking routes network, but has also been made suitable for a short walk from the city centre or university campus. The redesigned Broekbos adds special historical and ecological values to the Dommel Valley.
project description / Design study historical and ecological Dommel Valley location / Eindhoven client / Municipality of Eindhoven size / 7 hectares role Joyce van den Berg / (lead)
The wet woodland is situated between the railway line and the Professor Dr. Dorgelolaan, which has a strong green character.
Although the area seems to be surrounded by barriers in terms of water, greenery, and air, it is strongly connected to the ecological and green structures of its environs. The wet woodland provides shelter for fauna from the surroundings to live and forage in.
Professor Dr. Dorgelolaan
People can enter the area to a limited extent via the wooden walking routes, which allows the fauna to live undisturbed. Special residence and nesting places have been added, such as the bat towers illustrated opposite.
SOCIAL POWER HOUSE
The Van der Pekbuurt neighbourhood is a so-called “powerhouse neighbourhood”, or problem neighbourhood, where urban renewal is underway. The City of Amsterdam drew up a new design plan for the public space to give the neighbourhood a fresh impulse. This design plan was intended to facilitate social cohesion and make a more varied social composition of the neighbourhood possible.
The Van der Pekbuurt possesses a strong sense of identity, which the residents describe as the “Noordgevoel”, a feeling shared by people living in the northern part of Amsterdam. Many of them were born and raised there: they know each other well and are attached to their Van der Pek. The area has various shops and companies, such as the knitting shop of Marijke, which have been successful for many years and create a positive atmosphere. These qualities were used as the starting point for the design. New economic functions and public buildings - such as highquality shops, a cinema and a library - were carefully added to the design so that the authentic character of the neighbourhood was retained. Furthermore, new functions were located at strategic places where they are most effective, for example at the end of a line of sight. They serve as attractive eye-catchers and draw new people to the area.
As part of the plan, the squares have been upgraded to attractive places that encourage social cohesion. An improved spatial and landscape structure has resulted in a new and fresh appearance. The design has made the squares suitable for different purposes: playing children, but also for adults who participate in neighbourhood activities and courses. Redeveloping the green space also brought ecological enrichment.
project description / Redevelopment of public space in a working-class neighbourhood without loss of identity location / Amsterdam-Noord design team / Joyce van den Berg ( initiator, lead), Gloria Font size / 40 hectares, 1,400 homes
Joyce van den Berg werk / work
REMARK ABLE RENO VATION GENTIAANPLEIN
The Gentiaanplein, a square close to the Van der Pekstraat in AmsterdamNoord, was ready for an upgrade. The play area and benches had become old and damaged. The pavements had sunk and the square was often full of litter. The requirements for the new design meant that the upgrade should be modest, but that it was still possible to add several distinct details. It had to result in a lively and pleasant area. The idea was that the upgraded square could also boost the areas in the Van der Pekbuurt that had not yet been developed.
In the new design, the square was elevated above the level of the surrounding streets. Due to the elevation, the square now creates a stronger and more attractive impression on its surroundings. Eyecatchers are the elegant and angled curves, which are further emphasised by the use of high-value granite kerbs. The velvety red-purple cobbled streets and the billowing ornamental grasses give the square extra allure. Trees and hedges have been placed at strategic points. A 10-metre-long oversized bench draws attention to the lively sitting area. One of the play objects on the square is a stainless steel aeroplane.
The new Gentiaanplein affirms the identity of the neighbourhood. Through the redevelopment, the square now conveys character and quality and is a far more inviting place to spend some time at. The Gentiaanplein has regained its homely atmosphere within the Van der Pek neighbourhood. In the end, 10 years after this project was completed, a heat transfer station was built on the square. The lack of a vision for the future in drawing up the assignment, and the lack of coordination between utility companies and the municipality, has led to this lamentable incorporation of the station. Experiences such as these have been the motivating force behind the development of the Integral Design Method Public Space.
project description / Restructuring of a square location / Amsterdam-Noord client / Stadsdeel Noord, City of Amsterdam funding / Groengelden, City of Amsterdam design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij size / 880 m2
Joyce van den Berg werk / work
OVERHOEKS GRAND REFINE MENT
The project was concerned with the redevelopment of the Shell terrain into a mixed residential and work area with urban facilities and about 2,200 homes. Overhoeks is one of the larger projects being developed along the northern banks of the River IJ. The design, which emphasises the location on the water, fits in with various plans that are meant to give the IJ waterfront in Amsterdam a fresher appearance.
The design set high ambitions for the development of the Shell Campus. The densely built area has been given a luxurious, park-like appearance. Façades of the buildings along the waterfront emphasise the location on the water. This effect is enhanced by lines in the design perpendicular to the River IJ. The residential streets – where a speed limit of 30 km/hour applies – are designed so that pedestrians, cyclists, and cars can use them simultaneously. Various ecological measures have optimised the green structure. Green strips bordered by kerbs have been constructed along both sides of the streets. The streets have been paved with small baked cobblestones: the relatively large quantity of paving elements gives the street a refined and broad appearance. Sustainability was a clear factor in the choice of materials. The design creates a consistent and unified spatial image that goes well with the refined atmosphere of the area.
project description / Design public space in area development former Shell terrain location / Amsterdam-Noord client / Projectbureau Noordwaarts (City of Amsterdam), ING Real Estate design team / Joyce van den Berg (Design), Simon Sprietsma, Kees Vernooij size / 20 hectares, 2,200 homes
FIRM LANDING
The context of this project is the redevelopment of the NDSM wharf, a former shipyard on the River IJ, into a city district with housing, work and culture functions. An important characteristic of the area is its unusual location on the water, with a unique view across the River IJ. At the time, several final plans were elaborated for the entire wharf. It would take a while before these could be fully realised, so temporary and partial design plans were needed. The temporary ferry landing was one of these sub-plans.
The direct ferry connection between the NDSM wharf and Amsterdam Central Station has made the NDSM area far more attractive. The design of the ferry landing consists of written-off old materials, including two pontoons and several bent fences. The materials’ no-nonsense appearance emphasises the rough identity of the NDSM wharf and nicely matches the temporary character of the current landscape design. The combination of materials has acquired a uniform appearance thanks to a bright red coating. This dominant colour refers to the temporary nature and it also looks like a fire boat has been docked here and is ready to respond.
The temporary ferry landing was an experiment to examine if enough people would take the ferry to NDSM. Due, for example, to the growing programme for housing, work and culture around the NDSM, the use of and demand for the ferry service grew considerably within a few years. Therefore, the municipal transport company GVB established a permanent ferry connection relatively quickly, which lands at the same location as the temporary ferry landing. Now, the NDSM ferry has become indispensable to many people.
project description / Circular design for NDSM ferry landing location / Amsterdam-Noord client / Stadsdeel Noord (City of Amsterdam) team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij, GvB size / Two written-off pontoons, bent fencing, welding and RAL 3000 paint.
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical operational
NDSM DOCK STROLLING ALONG THE WATER
Like the previous project, the NDSM dock is just one of the temporary sub-plans developed for the NDSM area. Meanwhile, the final plans for the entire area are being developed and realised in phases. The NDSM dock, also known as the Blankevoort dock, lies on the wharf. It is the longest dock between Amsterdam and IJmuiden. The dock consists of a heavy concrete construction, which fell into considerable disrepair after the NDSM wharf’s closure. As part of the new design, the dock has once again been made accessible for ships and visitors. The Greenpeace Sirius ship, for example, has found its final berth at the Blankevoort dock. The dock is the starting point for the Amsterdam Harbour Safari as well. All technical facilities have anti-slip planks to improve the dock’s accessibility. The street furniture on the dock (utility boxes, street lighting, benches) have been executed in transparent power coatings that match the rest of the surroundings. The steel of the new objects creates an attractive contrast with the original concrete construction while also referring to the wharf’s original function.
project description / Redevelopment of the nautical dock location / Amsterdam-Noord client / Stadsdeel Noord (City of Amsterdam) design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij size / 4,800 m2
CYCLE HIGHWAY PITSTOP
This project was a submission for an ideas competition to design a cycle highway along the Rhine-Waal path between Arnhem and Nijmegen. The Rhine-Waal path traverses a highly diverse landscape, and the new cycle highway route follows existing roads and viaducts. It also partly consists of new paths alongside wetland meadows. As the river landscape already offers a lot of variation, there was no need to apply extra variation to the cycle highway. The challenge consisted of designing a recognisable new route with a high degree of uniformity while at the same time making use of the diversity the landscape provides. In recent years, both the number and diversity of cyclists has increased. These different sorts of users, from recreational and sporting cyclists, to children, older cyclists and bicycle couriers have increased the pressure on the cycle network. As a result of this, the risk of conflicts or accidents has increased, too.
The cycle highway provides a solution for these issues. The route meets the needs and requirements of different types of cyclists. The frequency of the facilities - or “pitstops” – has been adapted to how these are used. This approach is similar to that of motorways, where utilities such as the speed meters, light towers and petrol stations are placed at fixed distances from each other. The pitstop principle ties in well with both the use and the surroundings. For cyclists with a speed of about 18 km/hour there is a place to stop every 3.6 km along the route. These stopping places all have their own design, dependent on the context of each location. A stop on a bridge can, for instance, be enlivened with an observation point. Or panels could be placed to provide information about certain cultural, historical or landscape values in the vicinity of a stop. Unusual pitstops are locations where several facilities come together, such as the Rijn-Waal Folie. Overtaking lanes have been added every 600 meters or so to give passage to faster cyclists (about 2 minutes cycling), while facilities for bike repairs and to pump up your tyres can be found every 1.8 km (14-minute walk). These stops also have a first-aid kit. Along the entire route, an anthracite concrete turning place has been included in the design. The appearance and function of the turning place change at each pitstop. The turning places may assume the form of a bench, a repair kit or, as in the case of the Rhine-Waal Folie, a building. Despite the variation in form, the turning places are a recognisable element in the route.
project description / Competition cycle highway between Arnhem and Nijmegen location / Countryside between Arnhem and Nijmegen client / Fietsersbond, Stadsregio Arnhem Nijmegen design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Marloes Boutkan, Nina Kopp size / Length 16 kilometres
The cycle highway runs from river to river, which is why it bears the name Rhine-Waal route. As can be seen on the maps, there are regular pitstops where cyclists can rest, eat and enjoy the countryside.
Law is too important to be left to lawyers. Frank Kuitenbrouwer
Nothing is as permanent as change. www.omdenken.nl
The ability to look at things as if they could be otherwise. John Deway
Trauma landscape
Throughout the world, there are landscapes that bear the dark traces of history. Locations where natural disasters or political or religious conflicts have taken place. The approach of Western societies to these landscapes is somewhat ambivalent. Although it would seem that people are rather not reminded of history’s dark pages, monuments are nevertheless erected (sometimes centuries later) as reminders of the tragic events that took place. Such landscapes are defined as trauma landscapes with the conviction that they can be transformed into valuable locations; places that people like to visit without denying what happened. Studio Berg has patented the term “trauma” in the context of landscape architecture and urban planning. The aim is to convert landscapes with a charged and confronting history into places of culturalhistorical importance, as can be seen in the successful projects Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet (new light on the restricted zone) and Incomplete landscape.
FROM THE DARKNESS TOWARDS THE LIGHT
During her study landscape architecture at the Academy of Architecture in Amsterdam, Van den Berg became fascinated by the former border area of West Berlin. This so-called “Sperrgebiet”, or restricted zone, had the highest security level in Europe for many years. Until the fall of the Berlin Wall, the Sperrgebiet consisted of a 155 km long strip of land that the DDR used to protect its territory against West Berlin. After 1989, various elements within the area were awarded the status of monuments, giving rise to a disorderly collection of fragments. At the time of the project, 20 years after the fall of the Berlin Wall, large parts of this area were still unknown and inaccessible. The area lacked an overarching vision as well. The Sperrgebiet in Berlin is a typical example of a trauma landscape. The area carries the scars and signs of an emotionally charged past that people would rather avoid or forget.
Fascinated by the Sperrgebiet, Van den Berg developed a plan that did justice to the past and better integrated this charged past with the new functions of the landscape. She quickly discovered that a lot of topographic material had been destroyed or was not available in public archives. As the area had a military-strategic value for the GDR, it was not included in public maps of the city and its surroundings. It also became clear that the available maps had been manipulated: they omitted buildings or included non-existent buildings. The course of roads on the map did not conform to reality either. The West German government regarded it as an administrative border and marked it as a simple line on its maps.
project description / Graduation project Trauma landscape (cum laude) about the Berlin Wall border area location / Berlin supported by / Academy of Architecture (Amsterdam) size / Length 155-165 km publicity (selection) / Berliner Zeitung, Der Spiegel, NOS Journaal, NRC Handelsblad, Radio 1 NOS, Radio 2 Spijkers met Koppen, Scape Magazin committee members / Jana Crepon, Suzanne Lorenz, Marieke Timmermans role Van den Berg / Initiator|Designer
Neues Licht auf dass Sperrrgebiet was supported by the Dutch Embassy (Berlin and New York), the German Architecture Center (Berlin), het Fonds voor Beeldende Kunsten, Vormgeving en Bouwkunst (Amsterdam), the Goethe Institute (Rotterdam) and the Nederlands Fonds voor Architectuur (Rotterdam).
Joyce van den Berg
Due to this lack of information, the design phase was preceded by an extensive study. Joyce decided to make a new map of the entire Sperrgebiet, an area with a length of 155 km and a width of between 2.5 and 20 km. She was helped in this by a former Stasi officer. He made his complete archive of secret AS maps available. In addition, Joyce received help in mapping the many escape routes between East and West Germany from people who lived in Berlin during the period when the wall divided the eastern and western parts of the city.
During the research process, Joyce befriended Cobra artist Shinkichi Tajiri, a professor at the College of Fine Arts in Berlin during the Cold War. He shared many of the photos and videos that contributed to the research. The outcome is a voluminous book with a wealth of topographical maps of the Sperrgebiet. These were subsequently used as a basis for a new landscape design for the Sperrgebiet. With her design for this zone, Van den Berg aimed to convert the trauma landscape into a recreation area with ecological values. The most striking spatial and ecological
characteristics of the design for the Sperrgebiet are the permanent sandbanks. These have been made accessible by a network of cycle paths, which resulted in the creation of an extensive rural area close to the city. The cycle paths go past relics from the GDR era, such as the former border crossing points or “Grensübergangs-stellen”. Visitors can rest, eat and even stay the night in an atmosphere that still breathes the history of the GDR. The design also has an ecological dimension.
For example, the foundations of about 300 watchtowers were excavated to provide a perfect dark and sheltered habitat for salamanders, snakes and ferns. The combination of ecological, educational, and recreational functions embed remnants of the GDR area in the Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet.
Joyce van den Berg
A dune landscape can be found in part of the Sperrgebiet. In the new design, this was put to use as a recreational area where the ground churned up by recreational users counteracts
the ecological succession process. This maintains the sand dunes with the typical flora and fauna associated with these.
One of the oldest border posts between East and West Germany lies outside of the city in a rural area. In the past, people had to wait in line here for hours in their cars and lorries. In the new plan,
the border post has been transformed into a place to stay where, for example, cyclists passing through the Sperrgebiet can spend the night. Former East German lorries have been converted
into hotel rooms and their roofs have been replaced with glass so that guests can see the stars, which are clearly visible thanks to the rural location of the border post.
Some parts of the Sperrgebiet serve as compost collection points where fungi, plants and microorganisms transform urban waste into valuable earth.
Between 1961 and 1985, more than 70 escape tunnels were dug between East and West Berlin, and 12 of these were located in the Bernauer Strasse, shown in this street view. In the new plan, the
invisible tunnels were made symbolically visible at night by light projections from the buildings at the locations where the underground tunnels run.
_ strategic EXHIBITION NEUES LICHT
AUF DAS SPERRGEBIET
In the exhibition, Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet at the German Architecture Center (German acronym DAZ) in Berlin, Joyce van den Berg and Nina Kopp presented the research project’s outcomes and the landscape design based on this. Besides the exhibition, a symposium was organised as well. The key question during the symposium was how future plans for this historically charged area could sufficiently take into account the historical and ecological values. As an outsider, Van den Berg was able to look at the Sperrgebiet with an open mind. She was not hindered by the burden of the past, which can still be strongly felt in Germany. The project demonstrated that
a Dutch designer is less mired by the past and can put a sensitive subject on the German cultural, political and public agendas. The exhibition initiated the public conversation about a subject that had been painstakingly avoided until then. Thanks to the success of Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet , the exhibition subsequently opened in the Dutch Embassy in Berlin. The highlight of the project (in 2009) was an invitation to present the exhibition at The Museum of Modern Art (MoMA) in New York.
(Source: Project assessment from Creative Industries Fund NL in Rotterdam)
WATCH TOWER BERLIN WALL
THERE IS NO SUCH THING AS CHANCE
TDuring the research process for Neues Licht auf das Sperrgebiet, Van den Berg came into contact with a former Stasi officer who shared secret maps and stories. He remembered that there were originally more than 300 watch towers in the Sperrgebiet, and that only a few remain standing today. In one part of the project area where a monument would be placed, the former Stasi officer pointed out the location of a watch tower that had already disappeared. Shortly after receiving this information, Van den Berg happened to see an eBay advertisement on her web browser, which offered a similar watch tower: a so-called BT-9 from the 1970s. The towers stood somewhere else, outside of Berlin, at the former border between East and West Germany. Van den Berg contacted the city archaeologist of Berlin and raised the subject of the tower and the location of the monument. The Archaeology Department of the City of Berlin purchased the tower, disassembled it, transported it in parts and reassembled it at the new location in the Sperrgebiet. The watch tower is now part of the Sperrgebiet monument.
project description / Placing second-hand GDR watchtower in a monument for the Sperrgebiet location / Berlin client / City of Berlin collaboration / City of Berlin, Gedenkstätte Berliner Mauer, eBay role Joyce van den Berg / Initiator link / Monument Berlin Wall
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical operational
WARPED REALITY INCOMPLETE LANDSCAPE
The project Incomplete landscape was a research project into the Baltic coastline carried out by the Art Center VEF in Latvia. With support from the Fonds BKVB and together with photographer Nina Kopp (Kopp Photo), Van den Berg worked for a period of three months in a studio in Riga to study the new neighbour countries of the European Union: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania. For the study, they concentrated on the Baltic Coast during the Soviet regime (1944-1991). The area stretched over a length of 5000 kilometres. This coastline was approached as a trauma landscape. Because of its strategic location between East and West, it was an important zone for the Soviet Union during the Cold War. Due to the remnants of a turbulent period, the Baltic coastline is a classic example of a trauma landscape. The topological representations of the landscape differed from the stories of the residents; and their different versions also failed to find common ground. From this, the following research question arose: “What was the reality?” This principle question ultimately led to sub-questions such as: “How were the landscape and topography transformed under the influence of ideology?”, “What are the visible remnants in the public space?”
The pair studied different, sometimes confidential landscape and sea maps in private and public archives and used a mental mapping method to get to know the Baltic states via the personal stories told by local residents. It was found that the Soviet government had manipulated maps of the area for ideological advantages. At the same time, the local community had its own stories and values that they ascribed to the area. The project was a study into a hidden reality that had never been shown before. The question “What was reality?” proved anything but simple to answer. And a comprehensive answer will probably never be found.
It was a Soviet strategy to mislead the local population by hiding some functions of the landscape in which they were living. For example, what was shown on the map as a sports field was actually a missile base. Instead of giving names to locations, codes were often used. There were four types of maps public, publicly available to a limited extent, secret and top secret. Some maps were destroyed in 1991 or are still stored in archives that are not accessible to the public. People who know more are still sometimes scared to share their knowledge and will take their secrets to the grave with them. Furthermore, each resident has his or her personal impression of the area.
project description / Design research trauma landscape Baltic coastline location / Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania design team / Joyce van den Berg (co-initiator), Nina Kopp supported by / Art Center VEF, Art Center Totaldobže Riga, Fonds BKVB Amsterdam publicity (selection) / Arhitektūras Platform A40, Baltā Nakts, Kultūras RONDO, Latvijas Architektu savienībai, Latvijas Radio, Tallinna TV, TVNET size / Length 5000 kilometres.
Incomplete Landscape is supported by the Fonds voor Beeldende Kunsten Vormgeving en Bouwkunst (Amsterdam), Art Center Totaldobže (Riga), the Dutch Embassy (Riga & Tallinn) and the German Embassy (Riga & Tallinn).
During the design process for trauma landscapes, there is a strong emphasis on the future, with respect for the past. Younger generations, in particular, need to be able to visit a landscape without feeling that the burden of the past dogs their every footstep. As far as they are concerned, recognising the past does not automatically exclude other functions in the landscape.
Two principles are followed during the transformation of a trauma landscape. First, the landscape itself is never guilty. Although the events that took place may be very charged or morally reprehensible, this does not apply to the landscape. The second principle is that landscapes as a whole are seen as a collection of moving panels. Each landscape is continuously changing. This relates to a shift that is taking place in the societal cultures of memory. There is a tendency to increasingly appreciate the changing forms and functions of the landscape instead of erecting large and static monuments that simply put time on hold.
By working with “sublimating designs”, we can prevent the confrontation with past traumatic events from becoming mandatory. The past is processed in a highly subtle way into the present by using design interventions based on thorough research and collaboration with experts from sociology and cultural history through to ecology and geography. The outcome is an integral design in which new functions for the landscape arise, and there is room for future developments.
Pakri peninsula [EE]
Paldiski [EE]
Tallinn [EE]
Vilnius [LT]
Kolka [LV]
Irbene [LV]
Liepaja [LV]
Present topografical maps
Present aeriel photographs
Mental mapping
Soviet civil maps
Soviet maps - intern use only
Soviet maps - secret
Soviet aerial photographs - secret
Soviet maps - top secret
Other
Roads /// Frequency of using
Sources /// Scale of importance
Ligatne [LV]
Kasmu [EE]
Tartu [EE]
Sillamae [EE]
Riga [LV]
Hiiumaa [EE]
Inspired by the local culture of pickling vegetables for the dark winter months, the photos below convey the “pickled landscape”, so to speak. A visual metaphor for the transmutation and fermentation of the original ingredients and stories from the landscape into a complex and layered reality.
The four maps show the place Paldiski in Estland and the associated Pakri islands. Pakri used to be a military terrain to test explosives. These days, five people live there, very isolated from society. The emptiness of the first map at the top left mainly shows the lack of information and the closed-off nature of the topography. To the right, you can see a representation
of the invisible infrastructure in the water, such as underwater fences (as far as is known ) and other hidden objects. This information has been derived from old, secret military maps. The map also shows the location of magnetic mines, which float upwards when a ship passes. Shipping is still not possible in this area. The bottom left map shows all the secret buildings
and infrastructure on land. This information was completely missing from regular topographical maps. For example, to mislead the residents, a sports field would be shown in a wood at a location where, in reality, an active military site was situated. Only maps with the highest level of secrecy showed the actual functions and existing infrastructure.
The bottom right map shows the entire area that was physically unreachable during the Soviet era. Both on land and in the sea, this zone was protected with fences. Even today, the sea there is extremely dangerous due to old mines and all kinds of remnants from the fences.
_ tactical EXHIBITION INCOMPLETE LANDSCAPE
The research project
Incomplete landscape ultimately led to a travelling exhibition with the same name that was shown in Tallinn (Estonia) and Riga, Pavilosta, Jurmula and Mērsrags (Latvia). The exhibition showed the hidden history of the Baltic Sea coastal area by combining landscape architecture with photography. It illustrated the contrast between foreign interference and indigenous tradition, between reason and emotion during the Soviet era.
The exhibited new maps are interpretations of the landscape based on the studied official maps and the informal stories from local residents, which try to give an answer to the question: “What was the reality along the Baltic Sea coast between 1944 and 1991?”. The photos were taken underwater to express the hidden, quiet nature of the Baltic culture, which can be compared with the sounds and images that become muted underwater. Moreover, water has long played an important role in all three countries.
‘The border is not where something stops; on the contrary, the border is from where something begins to exist.’
Joyce van den Berg werk / work strategic tactical operational
SOWING THE WIND
BUNKERS AND WOODLAND BYWAYS
The Utrechtse Heuvelrug region is situated in the heart of the Netherlands and is made up of woods and heaths. Due to its strategic location, the area has been used over the past two centuries by the Dutch army and air force for training purposes as well as an airbase. After the end of the Cold War, various military activities ceased and some military sites lost their function. These military activities have left their traces and have resulted in a unique landscape. These terrains can now be used by the public for recreational purposes. One such example is the Jessurun camp. It is surrounded by woods and the Lange Duinen, an open area with sand dunes. The Province of Utrecht is the site’s owner and the major stakeholder.
It wanted to create a recreational area at this location while retaining the cultural-historic values. The plans had to align with the design for the already closed airbase Soesterberg. In addition, the plans for the area had to fit within important parameters for the new provincial programme “The entire Heuvelrug”: recreation, nature, culture and history.
project description / Design for the already closed Air Force Base Soesterberg client / Soest design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Nina Kopp size / 11 hectares
Jessurun camp offers plenty of opportunities to unite nature, recreation and cultural history. The site houses various bunkers and other military buildings, such as a unique parachute tower. These constructions were not accessible in the former design of the site. This was due to a dense coniferous wood divided into segments by fences. The design proposed removing the fences and thinning and partly felling the wood. In the following phase, the hiding places were made accessible by removing the roofs and the walls to a height of just 1.7 metres. This enabled visitors to
see the inside of the military constructions. Furthermore, this strategy integrated the bunkers into the ecological environment: both plants and animals ultimately found their way to the buildings. As the conifer wood was partly felled, the Lange Duinen received room to further expand. Some of the bunkers were exposed to the open air, where the wind had free rein. There, the shifting sand embeds the bunkers in the landscape. Along the edge of the site, entrances have been created with paths that lead the visitor several metres into the terrain, but subsequently become part
of the landscape. After a few steps, a visitor is, so to speak, “released” and invited to find their own way through the landscape. At the end of each path, there is a view of the bunkers. That way, visitors are invited to explore the buildings. The design also provides cycle paths, which can be connected to the regional cycle path network.
Lichens are highly sensitive to the quality of the air. A large range and number of lichens can be found at locations with good air quality. As the project area has been left undisturbed for a longer period of time, the ecology and air quality have improved. This is evidenced by the large number of lichens that grow there.
TRACES OF MEMORY
The redevelopment of the mine railway in the Dutch Province of Limburg was a closed competition in which five parties participated by invitation. The former railway used to be a logistical corridor that served to transport coal from the mines. Since the closure of the mines, the surrounding countryside has become an area with few economic and cultural perspectives. The possibilities provided by the mobility network are also very limited, especially for slow traffic and recreation.
Closed mines are a form of industrial trauma landscape that can be found around the globe. The trauma lies in the damage to the landscape – the earth, the water and all of the infrastructure left behind – but also in the lost identity and prospects for the future that are often associated with the closure of the mines.
In the design, the railway is enhanced as a connecting element. Instead of a route to transport energy (coal) it has become a cycling route for recreation, the enjoyment of nature and the discovery of history. Along the route, various elements that serve as reminders of the mining industry have been highlighted in the landscape. With this, the new mine railway also helps to make the conversation about that history possible, strengthens mobility opportunities for slow traffic, and improves the recreational value of the area.
project description / Competition by invitation aimed at a former mine railway in Limburg location / Province of Limburg Client / Stadsregio Parkstad Limburg team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font, Nina Kopp prize / Second place
Mine house BUB: Sleeping in a house full of stories collected by local residents with stories and dreams for the future 02
Mine game
A week of play for kids
Eating with/at the neighbors for a food event requires a very long table or neighbors. 01
Locomotive
- To place an old locomotif or train wagon on the train reserve area at Nuth Station
- (Re)Use is a prioirty as we develop the mine track route
- Possibility for small gatherings (for example reading together)
Mine ritual Sauna on the pond in the pondpark (this is a reference to the locomotive on the bottom of the pond)
Profile 11
(-Re)profiling through activities on track/route recidency, meeting, sports, experience)
Mine food
Route d’experience
Experiencing the force of nature and primal feeling of the area while being scrubbed...
08
Profile 2
(-Re)profiling by articulating route with specially designed belt and fixtures
03
Mine loop
A mine sports event like a marathon race with references to our deeper past
Light installation
- The underground tunnel stystem is twice a s large as the road map of the Romans.
- Tunnel system will be projected up throught the mine shaft, with the help of visualizations of light bundels along the groundlevel of the new home.
09
Profile 3
(-Re)profiling with a re-interpretation of the mine tracks on the dykes.
(-Re)profiling - for better access and assets
Vertical Museum
- Old mine shaft reused for sports activities and/or other vertical experiences (i.e. education with a glass elevator ‘ traveling through time)
- Possible collaboration with Nature Wonder World
Rethinking is difficult because the factory settings of our brain cause us to see problems mainly as a threat. And therefore not as an opportunity. www.omdenken.nl
OFAKIND
Dreaming is the leisure time of the brain. Robert Lemke
Progress is achieved by young researchers who do experiments that old researchers said would not succeed. Frank Westheimer
One of a kind
This section discusses several projects that cannot easily be categorised under either landscape architecture, area development or public space. These are projects with a more playful character (The Devies Magazine 2039 and Sweet coincidence) or, instead, are monumental in nature (The Memory of Trees, Lost Eternity). Van den Berg has always been interested in (modern) art and new technologies. Both influence her way of working and the content of virtually all her projects. In the projects presented here, these two aspects – art and technology – play a more prominent role.
POSTFOSSIL FREE DREAMS
The imaginary Devies Magazine 2039 was developed as a submission to the Post-fossil fuel competition. The newspaper is the pre-publication of the news in 2039. The events in the city of 2039 occur in a world where fossil fuels no longer have a place. Everything we see and use at present contains fossil fuels. Removing these would yield an empty street view. Nevertheless, several starting points were used and incorporated in the various newspaper articles to present an idea of what a post-fossil fuel world and public space would look like.
Awareness:
People are immediately aware of their energy consumption. Residents and companies pay for the energy consumed and clarify the costs in the products that they buy or sell. The E-coin makes its debut.
Cultural history:
In the future city, there is more room for natural cultural-historical values. For the Netherlands, these are water and wind.
Material use:
The use of materials decreases and re-use increases. Far fewer polymers are used.
Modular and demountable: Buildings and other products are modular and demountable.
Energy exchange: Functions in the city reinforce each other in their energy provision. Inclusive and complimentary: Functions within buildings complement each other, are exchangeable and reinforce each other.
Hybrid:
By making better use of time, optimal use can be made of the value of raw material streams, surfaces, cubic metres, etc.
Next, more specific starting points and changes are described for the themes of Work, Living, Mobility, Consumption and Recreation. The aim of the Devies Magazine is to set the reader thinking and to increase the public imagination about a future without fossil fuels.
project description / Submission for competition about the city in a post-fossil fuel era client / Urban Futures Studio (UFS), Utrecht University design team / Joyce van den Berg (lead), Rosalie Begeer, Bas Kopper, Jannegien Luursema, Iruma Rodríguez, Sjors Onneweer, Sara van Vliet, Robert Younger exhibition / Utrecht City Hall size / 5000 visitors link / Post-Fossil City (postfossil.city) Post-Fossil City Exhibition-Grand Opening, June 22 2017 @ Stadskantoor, Utrecht | Flickr
POPU LAR POP LARS
OF TREES / AMSTERDAM MUSEUM
Since 2012, the Amsterdam Museum has had a depot at the Back-upstraat in the Amsterdam-Noord neighbourhood, close to the River IJ. For the outdoor area of this depot, the museum wanted a place to sit that fitted in well with the tough, industrial character of the surroundings. This assignment also included the request to document the making of the seating object. The project focuses on five poplar trees from AmsterdamNoord. These trees were designated for felling by the district council and intended as waste wood to be turned into wood chips. Instead of becoming wood chips, the trees were given a new function and now continue to live as part of a bench and in two accompanying photo series. With that, the ecological footprint is kept small, and the trees contribute to the identity and experience of the neighbourhood, two aspects that are in line with the museum’s vision.
The photo series “From tree to bench” documents the trajectory the poplars travelled. As a result of this, the museum has a seating area with a personal history that connects with the museum setting. The photos show the poplar trees in their original environment: the location that determined how the lives of these trees progressed. They already bear the orange dot, meaning they have been marked for felling. During the first part of the journey, these dots remained a visual anchor point until the carpenters cut the trees into planks. The choice was made not to treat the soft poplar wood with wood stain or varnish but to make it durable in an innovative heating and drying process. The wood is solidly treated and largely retains its original appearance: the slight curves, colour differences and cracks remain visible, as equally the grain pattern. With this method, the individual differences between the trees remain intact, strengthening the visual connection with the original trees on the photos.
project description / Public artwork about the process of felling trees and converting these into a sustainable bench location / Amsterdam-Centrum client / Amsterdam Museum design team / Joyce van den Berg (adviser), Nina Kopp
A TABLE IS THE STILL LIFE OF A TREE
resting, its feet still planted in a different earth. Tree rings tell their histories
past the point of stillness. Planed and polished they can still be read.
Their lines distinctive as those your palm displays spell their lives weather
while our greasy fingers, coffee rings, dents, bashes, add patina,
that time-lapsed patience growing slowly towards the fate of everything that grows.
Kate Foley
SWEETS ART SWEET COINCIDENCE
The idea for this project was conceived in 2009 after a visit to a delicatessen shop that specialises in high-quality sweets. The production process for sweets results in large quantities of waste material: long, irregular and brightly coloured bits of sweets that must transform into perfectly formed little sweets. These chunks are viewed as waste, but from a different perspective, these bits of solidified sugar can be seen as random objects of amazing beauty. In effect, they constitute undiscovered works of art. Leading factors in this project are the characteristics of the material and the intuition of the designer. Techniques and traditions in the sweet industry only play a marginal role. The delicate translucent materials come in all the colours of the rainbow. It almost looks as if something as ethereal as light has materialised in these bits of solidified sugar. The design of the objects in the photo series elicits many different associations: from vulnerable and delicate to flowing and flamboyant. Sometimes, the images appear to be solidified, whereas on other occasions, they appear to be torn. As a result of the choice and composition of the images, each series tells its own story. Also, in one of the series, sugar changes from a solidified lump into a flowing series of landscapes. Sweet coincidence can be seen as an installation project at the boundary of two disciplines: landscape architecture and art. “When you look properly, nothing is self-evident”, says Van den Berg. At the end of the project, the chunks of solidified sugar were used to make a liqueur so that they now really no longer constitute waste.
project description / Installation project on the boundary of landscape architecture and art location / Amsterdam and Alkmaar concept / Joyce van den Berg (initiator, designer), Nina Kopp collaboration / papabubble Amsterdam exhibition / Central Markethal Amsterdam, Frozen Fountain Amsterdam, Kunstkerk Amsterdam, MCA Alkmaar, Shell Technology Center Amsterdam size / 350 kilos, 245 pieces, 365 days and 15,000 visitors
After the fragments had been photographed, they were smashed to bits and ground into a sweet grit. This was subsequently re-melted to produce a liqueur. Some of the liqueur was also distilled to make schnapps.
Sweet coincidence transforms sweets waste into sculptural beauty through the lens of the camera.
LOST ETERNITY / TSUNAMI MONUMENT
MOURNING WITH THE SEA
This design was produced when Van den Berg studied at the Academy of Architecture in Amsterdam. The assignment was to design a monument to commemorate the victims of the 2004 tsunami, which claimed more than 200,000 lives in Asia. The monument had to be placeable in all countries affected. Every country hit by the tsunami has its own traditions for dealing with loss and mortality, often based on religion. The design subtly refers to the similarities between the different countries and approaches and, with this, seeks unity in diversity. One of the similarities between the countries is the presence of marble and tufa stone in their geology (although the precise composition differs from country to country). That is why the choice fell on a monument made of natural stone that was built by the sea, as all countries share the sea and the trauma from the sea. The monument is located partly on land and partly in the water. It looks like a large dam that culminates in the water. Part of the dam is made from marble and part from tufa stone. The pieces of tufa stone have been hollowed out, as a result of which the water can collect below the surface. The tides influence the water pressure on the inside. On the top side, a hole has been cut, and dependent on the water pressure, a jet of water occasionally sprays out of it. This mechanism symbolises the tsunami effect. Since processing sorrow takes time, the design of the monument is not static. It will change over the course of time. Unlike tufa stone, marble is a soft stone: the salt water will eat away at it and slowly wear it down. The marble will become part of the living environment on the sea floor for fish, invertebrates and corals. In this way, the monument comes to symbolise the ceaseless continuity of life and always adopts new forms.
project description / Monument commemorating the tsunami victims of 2004 in Asia client / Academy of Architecture (Amsterdam) role Joyce van den Berg / Designer
Grieving takes time, the pain transforms (or disappears) but a kernel of the memories continues to exist. The monument Lost Eternity physically conveys this process. As the 21st century progresses, it will change from a solid pier into a collection of linear elements in the water.
PROJECT THEMES
34 Financial analysis / 2023 - now Research, innovation, process
Corner Middenweg/ Kamerlingh Onneslaan. Photo: Ingrid Oosterheerd Raadhuisstraat. Photo: Joyce van den Berg Zeilbrug. Photo: Alphons Nieuwenhuis
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Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Eliane Beyer, Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao
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Publication. Photo: Joyce van den Berg
Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Eliane Beyer,
Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao
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IOOR in brief.
Photo: Joyce van den Berg
Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Hans van der Made, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers
p.30
Drawings: Nick Gordon, Joep Hövels, Marek Minor, Bart Ros, Dominique Vosmaer
p.31
Drawings: Dominik Alois Lukkes, Thijs Asselbergs, Mauric Bohle, Susan Jayne Carruth, Jessica Crow, Else Dekker, Laura Høgh, Kasper Guldager Jensen, Qi Gao, Peter Luscuere, Florian Markus, Hans Munk, Kåre Poulsgaard, Mauro Parravicini
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Parametric design 3D images: Louis van Amerongen, Joyce van den Berg, Ege Dosemeci, Alessandra Riccetti
Drawings 3D-printed scale model: Joyce van den Berg, Studio 1:1
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Chart: Joyce van den Berg, Ege Dosemeci, Ceciel Jubitana
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Diagram: Maria Baeva, Joyce van den Berg, Chong Yao
Amsterdam-Zuidoost, area Amstel-Stad. Photo: Your Captain
Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije, Emma Diehl, van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao
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Photos: Beeldbank Amsterdam and employees Spatial Planning and Sustainability, City of Amsterdam
Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Nadine Schiller, Maki Ryu, Anastasija Dukic, Anne-Marije van Duin, Carolina Rodrigues Martinho, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Alessandra Riccetti, Sofia Arrias Bittencourt
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Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Alessandra Riccetti, Constanza Gomez Guzman, Maki Ryu, Li Zhiyu, Maria Baeva, Lujia Zhu, Alex Pixley, Mirjam Koevoet, Boto van der Meulen, Marina Vasarini Lopes
p.60/ p.61/ p.62/ p.63/ p.64 / p.65/ p.66/ p.67/ p.68/ p.69 Wallengebied. Photo: photographer Ministry of the Interior and Kingdom Relations Maps, drawings and 3D graphics Joyce van den Berg, Alessandra Riccetti, Clara Rodriguez Benz, Ege Dosemeci, Shivani Handa, Ishita Lalitkumar Agrawal, Kool, Maarten, Axel Ottar
Drawings: Louis van Amerongen, Joyce van den Berg, Eliane Beyer, Alicia Sanchez Fonseca, Constanza Gomez Guzman, Jean Carlos Ocampo Cantillo, Rosita Hemelaar, Alessandra Riccetti, Chong Yao, Lujia Zhu and Marina Lopes Vasarini
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Diagram: Maria Baeva, Joyce van den Berg, Chong Yao
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Film poster Onder Het Maaiveld. Photo: EMS FILMS
ARTIS-Groote Museum. Photo: Marjolein Vinkenoog Still image from 3D Artwork: Jaehun Park Monsters Hidden Biodiversity. Photos: Naturalis Biodiversity Center
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Poems and drawings: City poet Marjolijn van Heemstra, Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers (Eliane Beyer)
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Oosterdok, Amsterdam.
Photos: Thijs de Zeeuw, Marjolijn Boterenbrood
Microscope images: Mas Jansma
3D images: Joyce van den Berg, Ege Dosemeci
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Noorder IJplas. Photos: Thijs de Zeeuw, Koen Wonders
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Aerial photo: Google Earth Map: Melanie August de Meijer, Joyce van den Berg, Andreas Mulder, Joanna Stegenga Rydlewska, Bart Vlaanderen
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3D image: Joyce van den Berg, Andreas Mulder
Map and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Mohammed Flaghloumi, Carlijn Klomp, Andreas Mulder, Paul Südkamp
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Drawings: Joyce van den Berg
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Haarlemmerweg/ N200.
Construction Photos: Alexander de Baar, Rene Castelijn, Rob Faase, Hetty Fentener van Vlissingen, Ingrid Koenen, Maryke Oor, Gerrit Serne, Peter Vreeswijk Haarlemmerweg/ N200.
Photos: Joyce van den Berg
Drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Mohamed el Faghloumi, Simon, Sprietsma, Rosalie Begeer, Robert Younger
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Molenwerf. Photos: Joyce van den Berg
Map: Joyce van den Berg, Mohamed el Faghloumi, Mark van Vilsteren
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Aerial: Google Earth Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Martijn Veenstra
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Aerial photo: Google Earth Maps, drawings and 3D visualisations: Joyce van den Berg, Martijn Veenstra
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Drawings and collages: Joyce van den Berg, Gloria Font
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Drawings and collages: Joyce van den Berg
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Drawings and collages: Joyce van den Berg
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Drawings and collages: Joyce van den Berg, Gloria Font
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Gentiaanplein. Photos: Joyce van den Berg
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Overhoeks. Photos: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
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NDSM Temporary Ferry
Landing. Photo: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
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NDSM landing. Photos: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
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Maps and drawings: Joyce van den Berg, Marloes Boutkan
Painting: “Landschap met wrijving” door Vilhelms Purvītis
Maps and photos: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
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Photos: Nina Kopp
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Maps: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
Collages: Joyce van den Berg Bryophytes and lichens.
Photos: commons.wikimedia.org
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Drawings and collages: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
p.214
Utrecht City Hall. Photos: Joyce van den Berg, Sjors Onneweer
Demonstration in Amsterdam. Photo: Joyce van den Berg
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Photos: Nina Kopp
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Sweet coincidence. Photos: Joyce van den Berg, Nina Kopp
Drawings: Joyce van den Berg
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Drawings: Joyce van den Berg
p.236
Stadstimmertuin. Photo: Ingrid Oosterheerd
PROJECT INFORMATION
p.18 _IIntegral Design
Method Public Space (IOOR)
International and national method for transition public space
Client: City of Amsterdam
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao.
Landschapsarchitecten, City of Rotterdam, GXN Copenhagen, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Inside Outside, KPN, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, TU Delft, TNO – innovation for life, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet.
Links: IOOR collection open research
van der Made, Bob Mantel, Szymon Michalski,, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao.
Graphic design: Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers
Landschapsarchitecten, City of Rotterdam, GXN Copenhagen, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Inside Outside, KPN, Naturalis
Biodiversity Center, TU Delft, TNO – innovation for life, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet.
Volume: : Dutch 1100, English 400 and Indonesian unlimited online
Links: : Publication IOOR
Parts I & II
video trailer IOOR method IOOR books throughout the world
p.28 _IOOR in brief
Handy flyer with 6 design steps of the IOOR
p.30 _ Assisting Informed Design AID Manual for land allocation, façades
Manual for high-rise buildings in Amsterdam
Location: Amsterdam
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (adviser), Joep Hövels, Hans van der Made, Dominique Vosmaer
Links: AID Manual for land allocation, façades
p.30 _UPCYCLE AMSTEL
Circular strategy for Amstel-Stad
Location: AmsterdamZuidoost
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
p.32 _Digitalisation
Digital tools for integral design
Team: Louis van Amerongen, Wietse Balster, Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Ege Dosemeci, Alessandra Riccetti, Marco Scheffers, Studio 1:1, Rosan van Wilgenburg
p.34 _Financial analysis
IOOR-collectie openresearch
p.24 _IOOR publication
Two-part publication, Dutch English and Indonesian editions
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans
Languages: Dutch and English
Concept: Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Hans van der Made
Editing and coordination: Ingrid Oosterheerd
Design: Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers (Eliane Beyer)
Printer: Antilope De Bie
Volume: 1000 printed copies (NL) and downloadable online (NL/EN)
Links: Flyer IOOR
Team: GXN: Susan Jayne Carruth, Jessica Crow, Laura Høgh, Kasper Guldager Jensen, Poulsgaard, Kåre Stokholm, TU Delft: Thijs Asselbergs, Mauric Bohle, Else Dekker, Qi Gao, Peter Luscuere, Dominik Alois Lukkes, Florian Markus, Hans Munk, Mauro Parravicini, City of Amsterdam: Joyce van den Berg ( lead), Eveline Jonkhoff, Hans van der Made, Alessandra Riccetti
Links:
UPCYCLE AMSTEL context & tools
Calculation of cost savings by IOOR
Client: Municipal Management Team (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead, initiator), Iwan Giskus, Jack Hereijgers, Ceciel Jubitana, Juliëtte Mohamed, Björn Raven, Alessandra Riccetti, Martijn Roelands, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Ton van Schuppen, Ingrid van Wel – Vos Collaboration: Municipalities of The Hague, Rotterdam, Groningen, Helmond, Utrecht, and Eindhoven.
Funding: NetZeroCities Pilot Cities Programme
p.36 _Success IOOR
Successes and recognitions for IOOR and BiodiverCITY
Role Van den Berg: Lead | Initiator
Links:
Overview publicity & awards IOOR books throughout the world
p.38 _Integral collaboration in the chain of public space Analysis required restructuring municipal organisation
Client: Municipal Management Team (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten Claassen, Hans van der Made, Alex Pixley
p.40 _Case Amstel-Stad
Transformation area with about 25,000 to 50,000 new homes
Location: AmsterdamZuidoost
Client: GLand and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead ), Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Sten Camps, Anne-Marije van Duin, Tohid Korse, Eric Kraak, Hans van der Made, Bob
Mantel, Szymon Michalski, Alessandra Riccetti, Basia van Rijt, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Chong Yao.
Collaboration: Alliander, Deltaris, DS Landschapsarchitecten, City of Rotterdam, GXN Copenhagen, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Inside Outside, KPN, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, TU Delft, TNO – innovation for life, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet
Link:
IOOR Part 1 - Case AmstelStad, Amsterdam
p.50 _Amstel-Stad: Green and Water Structure
Integrally designed master plan for water and green in Amstel-Stad
Location: AmsterdamZuidoost
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead ), Jaike Bijleveld, Sofia Arrias Bittencourt, Auke Brouwer, Sten Camps, Lieke Doodeman, Anne-Marije van Duin, Anastasija Dukic, Eric Kraak, Alessandra Riccetti, Carolina Rodrigues Martinho, Maki Ryu, Nadine Schiller, Marieke Takken, Geert
Timmermans, Marina Vasarini Lopes, Duco de Vries. Collaboration: Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet
p.54 _ ArenAPoort Masterplan Public Space and Underground (MORO) Innovative master plan with zoning for subsurface infrastructure
Location: AmsterdamZuidoost
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Maria Baeva, Joyce van den Berg (lead), Martin v/d Berg, David Bout, Lotte Bruinsel, Paul Elzenaar, Paul Geerts, Constanza Gomez Guzman, Annique Guyaux, Hans Kaljee, Mirjam Koevoet, Hans van der Made, Boto van der Meulen, Jasper Pijls, Alex Pixley, Alessandra Riccetti, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Maki Ryu, Henk de Vree, Li Zhiyu, Lujia Zhu
Collaboration: Alliander, Equinix, GPKL, KPN, TU Delft, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet, Ziggo Vodafone
p.60 _Integral Area Plan (IAP) Wallengebied
Pilot IAP with duration of 10 years, e.g. for further development IOOR
Location: AmsterdamCentrum
Client: Traffic and Public Space (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead, co-author, assignment formulation). Ege Dosemeci, Shivani Handa, Maarten Kool, Ishita Lalitkumar
Agrawal, Axel Ottar, Alex Pixley, Alessandra Riccetti, Clara Rodriguez Benz, Collaboration: Alliander, Waternet, University of Amsterdam.
p.70 _IOOR in BospolderTussendijken
First street realised with IOOR in Rotterdam, including monitoring
Location: Rotterdam
Client: Programma Aardgasvrije Wijken (City of Rotterdam)
Team: David al Bazzaz, Alex van Duijvenbode, Richard Ruijtenbeek, Anne-Marie Verheijen
Knowledge exchange: IOOR team (City of Amsterdam)
Role Van den Berg: Adviser
p.72 _City Deal Public Space
Collaboration between ministries, municipalities, knowledge institutions and utilities companies for an integral approach towards urban transition challenges. Participating parties: Municipalities: Amsterdam, Rotterdam, Leiden, The Hague, Amersfoort, Dordrecht, Tilburg, Zoetermeer, Apeldoorn, Groningen, Purmerend, Utrecht. Ministries: Agriculture, Nature and Food Quality (LNV), Interior and Kingdom Relations (BZK), Justice and Security
Joyce van den Berg work / werk
(J&V), Infrastructure and Water Management (I&W).
Other partners: Platform31, Stadswerk, CROW, Gemeentelijk Platform Kabels en Leidingen (GPKL), RIONED, Deltares, Naturalis, CBS, Mijnaansluiting, COB, De Bouwcampus and TU Delft participated in this national collaboration.
Role van den Berg: Joint initiator | Core team member
Link: City Deal Public Space
p.76 _Spatial Climate
Adaptation method
First guideline climate adaptation for Amsterdam
Client: Programme Climate Adaptation (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Rixt Hofman, Szymon Michalski, Maki Ryu
Collaboration: Amsterdam Rainproof, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, University of Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet
Link: Spatial Climate Adaptation method
p.78 _BiodiverCITY
_A matter of vital soil!
Publication about the importance of soil life in the city
Concept: Joyce van den Berg, Hans van der Made
Editing and coordination team: Joyce van den Berg
(lead, initiator), Hans van der Made, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Marco Roos, Alessandra Riccetti, Johan van Zoest
Text: Joyce van den Berg, Sofia Gomes, Gerard Korthals, Hans van der Made, Vincent Merckx, Sylvia Mota de Oliviera, Jorinde Nuytinck, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Froukje Rienks, Marco Roos, Menno Schilthuizen, Michael Stech, Renée Zijlmans, Johan van Zoest
Design: Joseph Plateau grafisch ontwerpers
Collaboration: ARTIS, Het Nieuwe Instituut, Inside Outside, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW)
Publisher: nai010 uitgevers
Volume: 1500 printed copies (EN) and downloadable online (NL/EN)
Link:
BiodiverCITY_A matter of vital soil!
p.88 _Onder het Maaiveld
Documentary film about (the importance of) soil life in the Netherlands
Client: Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW)
Team: EMS FILMS, Programme Onder het Maaiveld (IUCN NL, De Vlinderstichting, Netherlands Institute of Ecology (NIOO-KNAW), Wageningen University & Research)
Role Van den Berg: Adviseur Link: Trailer Onder Het Maaiveld
p.88 _Academic Workshop Soil
An experimental, Interdisciplinary space and meetings for innovative urban soil
Location: Amsterdam
Client: Digitalisation, Innovation and Information (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Eliane Beyer, Ingrid Oosterheerd, Alessandra Riccetti, Alex Pixley, Jaehun Park, Caroline van Impelen, Hester Aardse
Collaboration: Open Research
Amsterdam, Naturalis Biodiversity Center, ARTISGroote Museum
Link: Academic Workshop Soil
p.88 _Hidden Biodiversity
NWO research project into hidden urban biodiversity
Lead: Naturalis Biodiversity Center
Team: Bryologische en Lichenologische Werkgroep, Cobra Groeninzicht, EnerSearch Solar GmbH, Erasmus University Rotterdam, City of Amsterdam, Municipality of Leiden, H.D. Sneep holding BV (Greenwavesystems), Heijmans Nv, Leiden University of Applied Sciences/ Leiden Centre for Applied Bioscience, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, Netherlands Entomological Society (NEV), Amsterdam Public Library, Province of Noord-Holland, Reichwein Post Production BV, Respyre BV, Stichting Nederlandse Natuurhistorische Collecties, Stichting Steenbreek, Stichting Trompenburg Tuinen & Arboretum, Stichting Vrienden van de Leidse Hortus, Stichting Waarneming.nl, TU Delft, Leiden University/Hortus Botanicus Leiden, VU Amsterdam, Naturalis Biodiversity Center.
Collaboration with: Amsterdam Rainproof, Amsterdam University of Applied Sciences, University of
Amsterdam, Wageningen University & Research, Waternet
Role Van den Berg: Adviser for NWO grant application | consortium participant on behalf of City of Amsterdam
Link: Press release Naturalis Biodiversity Center
p.90 _ Below and above ground messages to the city council
Poetic letters to the city council about urban issues inspired by IOOR
Client: ARCAM
Team: ARCAM, city poet Marjolijn van Heemstra, Ton Hilhorst, Rubén Dario Kleimeer, Aura Luz Melis, Tracy Metz, Thijs van Roon, Philomene van der Vliet
Exploration of ecological water quality in Amsterdam
Location: Amsterdam
Team: : Joyce van den Berg (co-initiator), Mas Jansma, Maarten Ouboter, Thijs de Zeeuw
Collaboration: Waternet, Waterschap AGV
p.98 _Noorder IJplas
Integration soil depot and ecological evolution of Noorder IJplas
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij j Collaboration: Waternet
p.102 _Haven-Stad Development Strategy Area transformation of harbour and industry into housing and work
Location: Amsterdam-West
Client: Planning and Sustainability (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Melanie August de Meijer, Joyce van den Berg (co-lead), Andreas Mulder, Joanna Stegenga-Rydlewska, Mirjam Verrijdt, Bart Vlaanderen (general lead Haven-Stad)
Volume: 40,000 to 70,000 new home, 45,000 to 58,000 jobs
p.106 _Feasibility study relocation Zaanstraat Emplacement (MIRT) Feasibility study for MIRT of
Ministry of Infrastructure and Water Management
Location: Amsterdam-West
Client: Planning and Sustainability, City of Amsterdam
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Carlijn Klomp, Andreas Mulder
Collaboration: Ministry of Infrastructure & Water Management, Nederlandse Spoorwegen, ProRail
p.111 _Design Study Circular Economy Zaanstraat Emplacement
Design study circular approach Zaanstraat Emplacement
Location: Amsterdam-West
Client: Planning and Sustainability (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Martijn Veentra Volume: 8,5 hectares
p.114 _Haarlemmerweg/ N200
Restructuring main access road and replacement
primary drinking water pipes
Location: Amsterdam-West
Client: Land and Development, City of Amsterdam
Design team: Rosalie Begeer, Joyce van den Berg (lead), Mohamed el Faghloumi, Simon Sprietsma, Robert Younger Size: Length of 4 kilometres
p.120 _Restructuring Molenwerf
From bottleneck to connection for people and animals with an ecological tram stop
Location: Amsterdam-West
Client: Land and Development (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Mohamed el Faghloumi, Mark van Vilsteren
Collaboration: Metro en Tram, Stadsregio
Volume: 2 hectares
p.126 _Amstelscheg
Improving the head of the Amstelscheg for more connection and recreation possibilities
Location: Amsterdam, Amstelveen en Ouderkerk aan de Amstel
Client: Municipalities of Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Ed Buijs, Martijn Veentra
Volume: About 4 hectares
p.132 _Amstelscheg A9
Integration widening A9 at the head of the Amstelscheg
Location: Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk an de Amstel
Client: Municipalities of Amsterdam, Amstelveen and Ouderkerk aan de Amstel
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Ed Buijs, Martijn Veenstra
Collaboration: Rijkswaterstaat, Ouderkerk aan de Amstel
Volume: 100 hectares
p.140 _Tamed Wilderness
Sketch design public space
Suytkade
Location: Helmond
Client: Municipality of Helmond
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font Volume: 3,7 hectares
p.144 _ Vlisco Park
Vision on redevelopment
Vlisco industrial site
Location: Helmond
Client: Municipality of Helmond
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font Volume: 9 hectares
p.146 _Professor
Dr. Dorgelolaan
Design study historical and ecological Dommeldal
Location: Eindhoven
Client: Municipality of Eindhoven
Volume: 7 hectares
Role Van den Berg: Lead
p.152 _Van der Pek
neighbourhood
Restructuring public space
working class district without loss of identity
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Design team: Joyce van den Berg ( initiator, lead), Gloria Font
Volume: 40 hectares, 1,400 homes
p.154 _Gentiaanplein
Restructuring square
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Client: Stadsdeel
Noord, City of Amsterdam
Funding: Groengelden, City of Amsterdam
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij
Size: 880 m2
p.158 _Overhoeks
Design public space for area development former Shell site
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Client: Projectbureau
Noordwaarts (City of Amsterdam), ING Real Estate
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (designer), Simon Sprietsma, Kees Vernooij
Size: 20 hectares, 2,200 homes
p.162 _NDSM Temporary
Ferry Landing
Circular design for NDSM
ferry landing
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Client: Stadsdeel Noord (City of Amsterdam)
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij, GVB Size: Two depreciated pontoons, bent metal fencing, welding and RAL 3000
p.166 _NDSM Dock
Restructuring of the Nautical Dock
Location: Amsterdam-Noord
Client: Stadsdeel
Noord (City of Amsterdam)
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Maarten de Heij Size: 4.800 m2
p.170 _Pitstop
Competition for a cycle highway between Arnhem and Nijmegen
Location: Countryside between Arnhem and Nijmegen
Client: Fietsersbond, Stadsregio Arnhem Nijmegen
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Marloes Boutkan, Nina Kopp
Size: Length 16 kilometres
p.176 _Neues Licht auf dass
Sperrrgebiet
Graduation project Trauma landscape (cum laude) about border area Berlin Wall
Location: Berlin
Supported by: Academy of Architecture (Amsterdam Size: Length 155-165 km
Publicity (Selection): Berliner Zeitung, Der Spiegel, NOS Journaal, NRC Handelsblad, Radio 1 NOS, Radio 2 Spijkers met Koppen, Scape Magazin
Committee members: Jana Crepon, Suzanne Lorenz, Marieke Timmermans
Role Van den Berg: Initiator | Designer
p.190 _Exhibition Neues
Licht auf dass Sperrrgebiet
Exhibition about the research into the Sperrgebiet
Location: Berlin and Amsterdam
Design team: Joyce van den Berg ( initiator, curator), Nina Kopp
Supported by:
Deutsches Architektur
Zentrum DAZ Berlin, Fonds
BKvB Amsterdam, Dutch Embassies Berlin & New York, Stimuleringsfonds voor Architectuur Rotterdam
Locaties: Berlin, New York
Publicity (selection): Arch+, Archinect NY, Bauwelt, Blueprint, BR2 Kultur, De Standaard, Deutschlandradio Kultur, DU Das Kulturmagazin, Garten + Landschaft, RBB i.R.d Sendung, TV Goedemorgen
Nederland, Wissen
Size: 2,200 visitors
p.192 _Watch Tower Berlin Wall
Placing second-hand DDR border watch towers as a monument for the Sperrgebiet
Location: Berlin
Client: Berlin City Council
Collaboration: Berlin City Council, Gedenkstätte Berliner Mauer, Ebay
Role Van den Berg: Initiator Link: Monument Berlin Wall
p.194 _Incomplete landscape
Design research trauma
landscape Baltic Coastline
Location: Estonia, Latvia and Lithuania
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (co-initiator), Nina Kopp
Supported by: Art Center VEF Totaldobze Riga, Fonds BKVB Amsterdam
Publicity (selection):
Arhitekturas Platform A40, Balta Nakts, Kultūras RONDO, Latvijas Architektu Savienība, Latvijas Radio, Tallinna TV, TVNET
Size: Length 5000 kilometres
p.200 _Exhibition
Incomplete Landscape
Exhibition Trauma Landscape Baltic Coastline
Location: Los Angeles, Riga, Talinn, Mersrags and Jurmula
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (co-initiator, curator), Nina Kopp
Supported by: Fonds BKvB
Amsterdam, Art Center VEF
Totaldobze Riga, Dutch and German embassies Riga
Locaties: Cold War exhibition, Wende Museum, Los Angeles [USA], Cultural centre Mersrags [Lv], Museum of Occupations Tallinn [EE], Vaivari
Rehabilitation centre Jurmula [Lv], Three Brothers Riga [Lv], Totaldobze Riga [Lv]
Publicity (selection):
Arhitekturas Platform A40, Balta Nakts, Kultūras RONDO, Latvijas Architektu Savienība, Latvijas Radio, Tallinna TV, TVNET
Size: 5,000 visitors
p.202 _Sowing the Wind
Design for the closed air force base Soesterberg
Client: Soest
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Nina Kopp Size: 11 hectares
p.208 _Mine Railway
Competition by invitation about a former mine railway in Limburg
Location: Province of Limburg
Client: Stadsregio Parkstad Limburg
Team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Gloria Font, Nina Kopp
Prize: Second place
p.214 _The Devies Magazine 2039
Submission for a competition about the city in a post-fossil fuel era
Client: Urban Futures Studio (UFS), Utrecht University
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (lead), Rosalie Begeer, Bas Kopper, Jannegien Luursema, Iruma Iruma Rodríguez, Sjors Onneweer, Sara van Vliet, Robert Younger. Exhibition: Utrecht City Hall Size: 5.000visitors
Link: Post-Fossil City (postfossil.city)
Post-Fossil City Exhibition -- Grand Opening, June 22 2017 @ Stadskantoor, Utrecht | Flickr
p.216 _The Memory of Trees / Amsterdam Museum
Public artwork about the process of felling a tree to produce a sustainable bench
Location: AmsterdamCentrum
Client: Amsterdam Museum
Design team: Joyce van den Berg (adviser), Nina Kopp
p.220 _Sweet coincidence
Installation project at the boundary of landscape architecture and art
Location: Amsterdam and Alkmaar
Concept: Joyce van den Berg ( initiator, designer), Nina Kopp Collaboration: Papabubble
Amsterdam
Exhibitions: Central Markethal Amsterdam, Frozen Fountain Amsterdam, Kunstkerk Amsterdam, MCA Alkmaar, Shell Technology Center Amsterdam
Size: 350 kilos, 245 items, 365 days and 15,000 visitors
p.224 _Lost Eternity/ tsunami monument
Monument to remember the tsunami victims of 2004 in Asia
