Urban Swimming by Juan Myburgh

urban swimming The design of a public swimming pool for Pretoria Central that links to a proposed walkway on the Aapies River Canal

AERIAL CONCEPTUAL SKETCH Front page image 1 // By author, 2014

According to archive material found at the National Archives of South Africa, Apies River was spelt with two Aâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s. For the purpose of this document it is spelt as, Aapies River.

ARCHIVE DOCUMENT OF THE AAPIES RIVER CANALISATION Images 2 // By author, 2014

VIEW TOWARDS MADIBA STREET It is difficult to position oneself in the city from this point Image 3 // By author, 2014

BOSKBURG INDOOR SWIMMING POOL Image 4 // By author, 2014

AERIAL VIEW OF THE PROPOSED DESIGN Image 5 // By author, 2014

se street

johannes ramokgoa

madiba street

ies r

rive

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ela dr

mand

aap

nelson

AERIAL VIEW CONCEPTUAL SKETCH Image 6 // By author, 2014

THE DESIGN OF A PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL FOR PRETORIA CENTRAL by JUAN PIERRE MYBURGH

Submitted in partial fulfilment of the requirements for the degree MAGISTER TECHNOLOGIAE: ARCHITECTURE (APPLIED DESIGN) In the Department of Architecture FACULTY OF ENGINEERING TSHWANE UNIVERSITY OF TECHNOLOGY Supervisor: Prof. J. Laubscher November 2014

I hereby declare that the dissertation submitted for the M Tech Architecture: Professional, at Tshwane University of Technology, is my own original work and has not been submitted to any other institution. All quoted texts are indicated and acknowledged by means of a comprehensive list of references.

abstract // The aim of the thesis is to design a public swimming pool that re-connects street and river within a particular urban condition. The ground plane of the selected site is manipulated to facilitate a physical and visual connection with the river. Wetlands form part of the landscape surrounding the facility and on urban scale to assist in the cleaning and re-use of water from the canal.

The proposal includes two pools accommodating different human interactions with water. The pool lanes serve as form generator and the subsequent design employing repetition and rhythm extensively. The transitions between wet and dry, land and water were explored extensively during the design process.

The built form mostly serves a supporting function to the water bodies. The buildings are designed as a transitional space between inside and outside. The site was carefully selected based on the mix of current educational facilities, offices and residential accommodation.

SECTION CONCEPTUAL SKETCH Image 7 // By author, 2014

The site was developed using various layers namely: Private swimming, public swimming, spill out spaces, as well as spectator and passer-by contact. The transition from wet to dry influences the barrier between land and water.

It is envisioned that the proposal will form part of the larger Tshwane 2055 framework aiming to revitalize the Pretoria CBD, although canalized, the Aapies River forms an important life giving artery adjacent to the Nelson Mandela Corridor. As part of the design proposal it is envisioned that the canal be used as a floating walkway in future with follies linking specific sites and the river at strategic points.

The proposed lap pool adheres to international standards. Both the pools step towards the canal, providing a different spatial and sensory experience. The design may serve as a guideline for future proposals along the canal. URBAN SWIMMING must inspire social growth and promote swimming as both a sport and a recreational activity.

Chapter 1 // INTRODUCE

Chapter 2 // NEGATIVE SPACE

contents // Chapter 3 // RESEARCH

Chapter 4 // CASE AND PRECEDENT STUDIES

Chapter 5 // URBAN ANALYSIS

1.1

INTRODUCTION / 18

1.2

PRETORIA HISTORY / 21

1.3

PRETORIA WATER / 21

1.4

THE HISTORY OF SWIMMING / 22

1.5

AFRICAN CHAMPIONSHIP RECORDS / 22

1.6

RATIONALE / 22

1.7

CONCEPT / 24

2.1

ISSUES OF CONCERN / 30

2.2

OBJECTIVES / 39

2.3

POSSIBLE CLIENTS / 39

3.1

WATER CYCLE / 42

3.2

WETLANDS / 43

3.3

NATURAL POOLS / 44

3.5

THE BENEFITS OF SWIMMING / 47

3.6

TIMEKEEPER GUIDELINES / 47

4.1

CASE STUDIES / 50

4.2

PRECEDENT STUDIES / 58

5.1

PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE / 68

5.2

SENSUAL EXPERIENCE / 76

5.3

URBAN PROPOSAL / 80

Chapter 6 // SITE ANALYSIS

Chapter 7 // DESIGN DEVELOPMENT

Chapter 8 // FINAL DESIGN

Chapter 9 // TECHNICAL RESOLUTION

6.1

SITE SELECTION / 90

6.2

SITE MEMORIES / 91

6.3

PHYSICAL EXPERIENCE / 92

6.4

SITE DEVELOPMENT / 94

7.1

PROGRAMME AND ACCOMMODATION LIST / 102

7.2

SECTIONS OF CANAL PROFILE / 104

7.3

PLAN DEVELOPMENT / 106

7.4

SECTION DEVELOPMENT / 112

7.5

MODEL DEVELOPMENT / 114

7.6

SWIMMING POOL ERGONOMICS / 122

8.1

BUILDING 1 // GYMNASIUM BUILDING / 124

8.2

BUILDING 2 // RESTAURANT BUILDING / 138

8.3

BUILDING 3 // LAP POOL BUILDING / 148

8.4

PRESENTATION EXHIBITION + MODEL / 162

9.1

THE RED BRICK IN THE CITY / 168

9.2

VAULT ROOFS / 172

9.3

GEOTHERMAL HEATING / 173

9.4

CONTRACT DOCUMENTATION / 174

Chapter 10 // CONCLUSION

202

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS

204

Chapter 11 // REFERENCING

206

Chapter 12 // APPENDIX

214

PROPOSED SITE

CONCEPTUAL LOCALITY MODEL OF THE URBAN PROPOSAL Image 8 // By author, 2014

FOLLIES

chapter 1 // introduce “Just three months out of every twelve we pass, In merry-makings, then we go to grass, And work the other nine! On pleasure bent We anxiously look out for some event – A wedding, or a christening, a race, A raffle, picnic, or a paper-chase, A birthday, or a ball, or a bazaar Sets all the town off with one big ‘hurrah’” Albert Brodrick (1955: 37)

1.1 introduction The fear of swimming and ultimately of drowning is a paradox that disappears when young children are encouraged to interact with water and take up swimming. According to the professional swimming coach, Chris Zungu (2014), water exposure is the main remedy to combat the drownings that SA has experienced in the past 20 odd years. Although canalized and restricted from its natural flow, the Aapies River is the largest natural element in Pretoria Central Business District (CBD). Submerged under the city scape, it is unattended and neglected. The City of Tshwane Master Plan for 2055 states that the Pretoria CBD has an uninviting physical appearance with underachieving relaxation activities. According to the City of Tshwane (2012: 7), inner city living is less desirable due to the ill-functioning business, property and leisure market. The CBD, while currently being gentrified by various residential and commercial projects, does not expose dwellers to a consequent amount of stimulation, pleasure or excitement. Patrick mentions that the varying zones need to overlap to prevent unsustainable patterns of movement (2008:8). The architect Theo Crosby, mentions that a city made for access is made for success. Furthermore, he believes cities must be grown on a basis of social interaction and exchange. The city should create new centers so they can grow into elements of a city (Crosby, 1965). Residents living within the city need to leave the CBD in search of recreation activities. For example, the closest public swimming pool to the city center is 2,7km away â&#x20AC;&#x201C; a 35 minute walk. TIMELAPSE OF SWIMMERS AT HILLCREST SWIMMING POOL. Image 9 // By author, 2014

hapter 1 - introduce chapter

INACTIVE FURROW SYSTEM OF PRETORIA Image 10 - 12 // By author, 2014

21 chapter 1 - introduce

1.2 pretoria history The perennial springs at Fountains Valley feed into the Aapies River. Before its canalization, the river played a predominant role in the settlement. The annual rainstorms would swell the river over its normal boundaries. The first bridge over the Aapies River was constructed in 1894. The Lion Bridge connected the eastern and western side of Pretoria via Stanza Bopape Street (Church Street). For many years the bridge was surrounded by open grass fields. Jacob Hendrik Pierneef, the renowned South African landscape artist, mentioned how he and his friends went swimming in the dam-like areas along the river. In 1909, three people drowned, which led to the river being canalized (Meiring, 1955: 152). Although the Aapies River Canal has become a void space in the city, it has acted as an important infrastructural piece to shape the spatial framework of Pretoria.

1.3 pretoria water After the establishment of Pretoria in 1855, for nearly 75 years, the two springs at Fountains Valley supplied the settlement with fresh water. Currently, the upper fountain provides approximately 24 million liters of water per day while the lower fountain discharges approximately 18 million liters per day. Pretoria uses approximately 270 000 million liters per year, supplied via the Rietvlei Dam, Rand Water, boreholes in the surrounding vicinity and Fountains Valley. Currently the water from the two fountains are pumped to a mixing chamber, with the excess being fed back into the Aapies River. Pretoria used a gravity based furrow system transporting water from the two fountains to the Sammy Marks Fountain at Church Square. From here it flowed back into the Aapies River. Over time, improper maintenance resulted in the decay of the furrows (Dippenaar, 2013). Evidence of this system is visible as a memorial on the edge of Stanza Bopape Street (Church Street), north of the State Theatre. The canal could be transformed into a ‘green lung’, a breathing space. Its success is dependent on the quality of the water and the fluctuating level of the water, but it holds unrealized potential as an artificial albeit ‘natural’ river that is accessible to the city dwellers.

AAPIES RIVER AND MEINTJIESKOP Image 13 // Anon, 1922

1.4 the history of swimming

GAUTENG SWIMMNIG LESSONS Image 14 // Diseko, 2012

During the Olympic Games of 1896, swimming became an official sport. Currently, the Olympic Games host 32 swimming events: 16 for men and 16 for women. The National Association for Swimming in South Africa was established in 1899. In 1908, the South African Amateurs Swimming Union was formed and it was estimated that approximately 15 clubs were established by 1909. What followed were years of controversy and separation between culturally different swimmers. In 1994, the federation was renamed, Swimming South Africa (SSA). According to the Chairperson of SSA, the transformation of swimming in South Africa is a priority. The immediate challenge is to supply disadvantaged communities with swimming facilities which have partially been met with providing Porta Pools (Parsons, 2006 cited in Thipe, 2007:16).

1.5 african championship records South African swimmers have obtained the most records at the African Swimming Championships. Out of the 20 events of 50m, 100m, 200m, 400m, 800m, 1500m single, and 400m and 800m relay, ranging over 5 non-consecutive years, South Africa holds 15 records in the Men’s Events and 13 records in the Women’s Events. While the South African team sets a strong example for Africa, it remains very important to continue to improve on our swimming skills (SwimmingWORLDmagazine, 2013, Appendix A).

1.6 rationale  The city framework is upgrading more rapidly with residential and commercial units, than with social and public spaces.  The Tshwane 2055 Proposal includes a ‘Musanda’ walkway that would sit around the Pretoria CBD.  During the rainy season the Aapies River water level fluctuates unexpectedly and suddenly.

t rui

chapter 1 - introduce

lke rsp wa

sunnyside swimming pool

SITE fountains valley

tut arts campus

s river

aapie

CHURCH SQUARE

PTA LOCALITY PLAN Image 15 // By author, 2014

Tshwane 2055 proposal Old buildings proposed to be refurnished as residential and commercial units development

1.7 concept URBAN CONCEPT // CAUSE l CAUSALITY SITE CONCEPT // AIR POOL I WATER POOL BUILDING CONCEPT // OPPOSITE LANES

25 CAUSE

CAUSALITY

CBD CAUSE

Build the canal. Becomes a void space.

URBAN CONCEPT // CAUSE l CAUSALITY CAUSAILTY

Convert the canal back into a natural river.

Controlling the fluctuating level of the river was the major contributing factor for transforming the natural flow of the Aapies River into a concrete canal. It could be argued that the solution led to the forming of a void space. As time passed it needed a functional solution. The cause, in this sense, refers to the river flooding on a frequent basis. Causality is associated with the canalization of the river. The two were intertwined as an intervention. Causality is often the result of addressing an identified problem. The subsequent result or â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;causeâ&#x20AC;&#x2DC; is the void space within the city. The design proposal will act as the new causality. Stated differently, every action leads to a reaction. A new proposal for a problem will include another problem - an endless loop. The canal was purely built for an infrastructural purpose; namely to prevent flooding and possible drowning. Over time, the absence of interaction with the river has created a void space within the city. Therefore, the canalization of the river influenced the subsequent development of the city. The canalization of the Aapies River led to its interaction with the city fading over time. The proposal is to reconnect the canal and the surrounding spaces, forming a new activity node. CAUSE AND CAUSALITY CONCEPT. Image 16 // By author, 2014

chapter 1 - introduce

s river

aapie

SITE CONCEPT // AIR POOL I WATER POOL

CANAL AIR POOL VS WATER POOL Image 17 // By author, 2014

WHEN THE WATER LEVEL IS LOW

The air pool is a threshold space between dry and wet. The swimming pool acts as a container for water while the surrounding built or natural edges surrounding the pool above ground, contains the air pool. The profile of the container, the surrounding edges, and the roof plane influences the size of the air pool. It is the negative space above the water and any addition or subtraction of water from the pool that results in a changing air pool. Similarly, the river functions as a water container. As the water level of the river alternates, the surrounding landscape responds. The so-called air pool is influenced by the new profile changes to the canal. The threshold space is explored to form part of the preparation process that swimmers routinely undergo when entering or exiting the water body. In the project this transition is interpreted as an inside-outside space distinguishing between dry and wet.

AIR POOL WATER POOL Image 18 // By author, 2014

WHEN THE WATER LEVEL IS HIGH

BUILDING CONCEPT // OPPOSITE LANES A swimming pool could be described as a water container with different activity nodes. Some nodes allow for interaction and socializing, while others provide space for training. It could be a place of interaction, but also of isolation and preparation. Similarly, the building will have features to separate certain areas, but still allow a certain level of interaction. Within the building, walking along the movement routes help prepare the users for the ritual of swimming. The design accommodates different views to the outside, as well as varying spaces inside the building. The change rooms function as in-between space for inside and outside.

27 chapter 1 - introduce POOL LANE BARRIER Image 19 // By author, 2014

FORM & SPACE “We put thirty spokes together and call it a wheel; But it is on the space where there is nothing that the utility of the wheel depends. We turn clay to make a vessel; But it is on the space where there is nothing that the utility of the vessel depends. We pierce doors and windows to make a house; and it is in these spaces where there is nothing that the utility of the house depends. Therefore, just as we take advantage of what is, we should recognize the utility of what is not.” Lao-tzu (6th Century B.C. Cited in Ching, 2007: 93)

The design aims to reveal the hidden potential of the canal. The canal is unknown and therefore holds new experiences for city dwellers.

MODEL EXPLORATION Image 20 // By author, 2014

chapter 2 // negative space

chapter 2 - negative space

2.1 issues of concern SOCIAL SPACES OF PRETORIA According to Soichiro Fukutake (2011:26): “City people strive to attain happiness in the name of ‘self-actualization,’ but they are ultimately concerned only with their own happiness, and in competing to find it they become fraught with frustration and worry. This is because human beings can never be truly happy unless they are part of a happy community.” The success of any city is dependent on a mixture of residential, commercial and social spaces and the established links between these areas. Each city dweller requires a set of stimulants - if these spaces are offered and accessible, the city dwellers could embrace the city as their ‘outside room’.

LINKING NODES FOR ACCESSIBILITY. Image 21 // By author, 2014

“OH! THE DAYS GONE BY …Oh! the days gone by, when our love was warm, When we met at the “Fountains”, in pic-nic form, When we all brought turkeys and fowls and ham, And liquor and tarts and imported jam, And we danced and sang till the echoes cried, From the cave’s dark depths, on the steep hill’s side, And with many a laugh and clang of hoof We all drove home through the star-lit kloof…” Albert Brodrick (1955: 29) The Fountains Valley was once a space of regular gatherings. Today, this green space is limited to vehicles which may only enter at one main entrance. As an enclosed green space, it still attracts visitors and cycling enthusiasts. However, the dominant highways surrounding the northern edge of the Fountains Valley limit its connection to the city. The design proposal could link the Fountains Valley to the Pretoria CBD to the Pretoria Zoo.

31 chapter 2 - negative space

According to Mr. G. Jansen van Vuuren, Chief Engineer for Integrated Storm Water Planning at the Tshwane Roads and Transport Department (2014, Appendix A), the canal needs to be made safer before people would be allowed direct access to it. “The Metropolitan Spatial Planning [Department] is aware of the potential along the Aapies River and has introduced ‘Operation Reclaim of Inner City Regeneration’. The road works are not aimed at vehicles but to increase the pedestrian corridors and activities.” If the canal is converted into a ‘Green Lung’ it could, within walking distance, serve the surrounding area. It would be able to link the proposed swimming pool to its neighboring sites.

CHALLENGES OF THE CANAL Quality of the canal water General water figures for South Africa: (WRC, n.d.) Each person needs 20L – 45L of water for cooking, cleaning and drinking per day. Due to urban sprawl and agriculture, 50% of wetlands have been lost. The average rainfall annually is 500mm. 1,3 million ha. of land are irrigated.

RIVER USERS Image 22 // By author, 2013

Mr. G. Jansen van Vuuren (2014) states that the water quality of the Aapies River is problematic, although it is better than any other nearby areas. The Aapies River Canal is not connected to any sewer lines or polluted by industrial dumping, but businesses in the Pretoria CBD frequently dump illegal waste water and solid materials into the storm water system that ends in the canal. The main concern is that the pipes are not designed to carry the capacity of waste water and storm water. Furthermore, he acknowledges that a main sewerage line that runs underneath the canal received maintenance when the sewer water was found leaking into the canal. “We have industries around the canal that have taken responsibility for the canal as it will be to their advantage.”

THE NECESSITY FOR DRINKING WATER Image 23 // By author, 2014

FLUCTUATING LEVEL OF THE CANAL AND ITS PROFILE The total collection area of the Aapies River Canal, before joining the Walkerspruit Canal, is approximately 45km2. After joining Walkerspruit Canal, the collection area is approximately 67km2. The flow rate in the canal averages at 5,5m3/s, in the more level and steeper areas it reaches a maximum speed of 12m3/s. Flood line period

24 hour rainfall

Flow before the Aapies River is joined by Walkerspruit

Flow rate after Walkerspruit joins the Aapies River

1:2 year

67mm

11 m³/s

38 m³/s

1:5 year

93mm

26 m³/s

73 m³/s

1:10 year

112mm

41 m³/s

104 m³/s

1:20 year

133mm

59 m³/s

141 m³/s

1:50 year

163mm

89 m³/s

198 m³/s

1:100 year

188mm

117 m³/s

250 m³/s

1:200 year

216mm

150 m³/s

309 m³/s

Table 1 // AAPIES RIVER CANAL STATISTICS (Jansen van Vuuren, 2014)

THE PROFILE OF THE CANAL MAKES BYPASSERS UNAWARE OF ITS PRECENCE Image 25 // By author, 2014

JOINING POINT BETWEEN WALKERSPRUIT AND THE AAPIES RIVER Image 24 // By author, 2014

chapter 2 - negative space

wa lke rsp rui

s river

aapie berea sports club

pretoria zoo

CHURCH SQUARE

When initially designed, the canal had to accommodate the 1:50 year flood line. Currently, the Water Act of 1998 stipulates the 1:100 year flood line as a requirement. Within the Pretoria CBD area, only the Pretoria Zoo and old Berea Sport Club does not comply with the 1:100 year flood line. Lined with a smooth concrete texture, the main purpose of the canal is to remove storm water quickly from the built fabric of the city (Jansen van Vuuren, 2014). The rate of water removal is directly associated with the area available for flow. When flooded, it becomes a dangerous area to access or escape from. Various factors influence the differences in water levels between a rainy day and a dry day. The profile of the canal facilitates limited interaction with the water. The built fabric is not orientated towards the canal; it has resultantly become a negative space used as a disposal area.

HERITAGE OF THE CANAL We have allowed time to pass. The city has layers filled with memory, some are visible and some will need new stories to store. At a certain point in the future some lost space will be rediscovered. One must be careful not to fill the wound too rapidly as it could erase a set of memories from the city. The plot of a project is key to making it more than a merging of private and public rooms (Ferguson, 2006). In the CBD of Pretoria a specific resource remains overlooked. In its current condition, the Aapies River Canal acts as a divider. The underside of the bridges show-case a different history. These often ignored physical structures could be activated as an additional urban layer, provided the design proposal responds successfully to issues such as controlling storm- and rainwater. The density of cities increasingly requires void spaces to become â&#x20AC;&#x153;breathing lungsâ&#x20AC;?. Is it possible to convert the canal into a 21st century river? At the same time the bridges are protected by the Heritage Act and should be preserved. The bridges are the element that binds Pretoria Central to Arcadia and Sunnyside. The design aims to bridge the Aapies River as an urban barrier in a contemporary manner accommodating both the river and the canal.

35 chapter 2 - negative space VIEW OF UNDERSIDE OF THE LION BRIDGE Image 26 // By author, 2014

SUNNYSIDE SWIMMING POOL

1 // PRINSHOF Area / 1,46km2 Population / 2 970 2 // ARCADIA Area / 2,94km2 Population / 23 404

3 // TREVENNA Area / 0,23km2 Population / 2 176 4 // SUNNYSIDE Area / 2,25km2 Population / 39 282

5 // MUCKLENEUK Area / 1,49km2 Population / 7 268 6 // PRETORIA CENTRAL Area / 5,07km2 Population / 32 970

The following information describes the population density of areas that are situated around the Aapies River Canal. Within the seven mentioned districts there are approximately 115 190 people while the closest public swimming pool is in Sunnyside. Image 27 // By author, 2014

(Frith, 2011)

PRETORIA DEMOGRAPHICS VS SWIMMING POOLS

7 // SALVOKOP Area / 4,09km2 Population / 7 123

During site visits conducted by the author to various public pools in Pretoria, the lacking variety in shapes and sizes were noticed. As a result, their users changed the poolsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; intended use. Consequently, lap pools are utilized as public pools with the result of pools becoming overcrowded and unsafe. This practice indicates a real-world need for recreational spaces that use water as an integral design component.

Table 3 indicates the calculation of lifeguards per swimming pool according to its size. If there is only a single lifeguard on duty, he/she should be capable of requesting assistance very quickly. As an alternative solution, certain training companies determine their lifeguardsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122; response time within their observation area and how quickly they can reach a distressed person. Approximate pool size (m)

Area (m2)

Minimum number of lifeguards (normal)

Minimum number of lifeguards (busy)

20 x 8,5

170

25 x 8,5

212

25 x 10

250

25 x 12,5

312

33,3 x 12,5

416

50 x 20

1 000

Table 3 // LIFEGUARD NUMBERS PER SQUARE METER OF POOL (World Health Organization, 2006)

top five causes of fatal injury (%)

Table 2, illustrates drowning as the main cause of fatal injury in Tshwane. Chris Zungu (2014) believes it is largely due to socio-cultural variables that swimming has become more popular amongst different cultures. The statistics encourage designing public spaces that could increase public safety.

Table 2 // SA STASTISTICS, 2001-2003. TOP FIVE CAUSES OF FATAL INJURY IN CHILDREN AGED 0-14. (World Health Organization, 2009) 100 90 80 70 60 50 40 30 20 10 0

TSHWANE

CAPE TOWN

pedestrian

drowning

JOHANNES- eTHEKWINI BURG burn

passenger

NELSON MANDELA

BUFFALO CITY

firearm

road traffic

chapter 2 - negative space

A FEAR OF SWIMMING AND DROWNING

2.2 objectives A design relationship between water and the built form in the urban environment. To utilize the unrealized potential energy of the river. To provide a means of control and awareness for the fluctuating level of the Aapies River. To bridge the gap that was created by the construction of the Aapies River Canal. To introduce swimming as a professional and social activity for the surrounding area. To utilize the pool area as a means of cleaning water from the canal.

2.3 possible clients Department of Roads and Transport: Interested in restoring the Aapies River Swimming South Africa (SSA): The national governing association that oversees swimming in South Africa (FINA recognized) African Swimming Confederation (CANA): The continental association for swimming in Africa (FINA recognized) Businesses adjacent to the Aapies River Canal Educational institutions in the area that will use the swimming pool area FLUCTUATING LEVEL OF THE AAPIES RIVER. Image 28 // By author, 2014

chapter 2 - negative space

chapter 3 // research THE SECOND HELLO To start a conversation usually produces an awkward “hello” with limited eye-contact made. “Am I supposed to greet in their vernacular language, should I not try to conform?” The questions are answered in short mumbles, still no eye contact. An accidental connection is made, a faint smile is passed to the talker, a word of comfort or understanding is transmuted in the discussion. Eye contact is made - The second “hello” commences; sharing laughs, culture, pain and history.

41 chapter 3 - research DEVELOPMENT SKETCHES Image 29 // By author, 2014

oceans

evaporation

condensation

percipitation

fog

plants and soil use

surface water

green roofs green walls

wetland parks in the city

ORIGINAL LAYER

ground water

aapies river canal

storm water channels

SECOND LAYER proposed aapies river canal

storm water gardens

site

wetlands natural ppols

3.1 water cycle // secondary layer The image above illustrates the hydrological cycle of Pretoria - a continuous loop. The existing water cycle serves as basis for the introduction of the new layer. RAINFALL APPROACHING FROM THE SOUTH-WEST TO THE CBD. Image 30 // By author, 2014

In the South African Water Act of 1998, a wetland is described as: â&#x20AC;&#x153;Land which is transitional between terrestrial and aquatic systems where the water table is usually at or near the surface, or the land is periodically covered with shallow water, and which, in normal circumstances supports or would support vegetation typically adapted to life in saturated soilâ&#x20AC;? (DWAF, 1998). Generally speaking, a wetland is an area where the geology or topography of the catchment can obstruct or limit the flow of water. The water plants can change the hydrology and soil characteristics by creating organic matter and further retarding the water flow. A wetland both retards the water velocity and acts as purifying system. Because the wetland can slow the water movement over a widespread area, pollutants are allowed to drop and be captured by the soil and plants. The artificial organic pollutants are decomposed by the micro-organisms. The wetland provides habitat and safety for insects and fish, which to a certain point help clean the water too (Collins, 2005). The wetland could actively sustain the site permanently. It would produce clean water from the canal; water would be circulated from the canal to the top of the site, from where it would filter down through the wetlands eventually finding its way back into the canal.

43 chapter 3 - research

3.2 wetlands // 24 hour activity

3.3 natural pools A natural pool is a chemical-free pool which is cleaned by a system of mixed water plants. The system consists of a variety of filtering layers. The area where the cleansing takes place is called the â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;Regeneration zoneâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;. It is similar to a wetland, but the pool area is separated from the regen zone by a wall that ends a few centimeters below the water level. This allows the pool and Regeneration area to be seen as one seamless stretch. The regeneration zone consists of a substrate mixture of coarse bark and a deep layer of gravel. This creates a growing medium for the plants, a filter layer of varying aggregates and a habitable area for micro-organisms to consume any pollutants. The idea is that with a pump the water is continually circulated through the zones and skimmers. The pool area still needs to be vacuumed on a regular basis. The plants need to be pruned, dead-headed and when the garden grows too dense it needs to be thinned out (Maritz, n.d. cited in: Celliers, 2014). For an effective circulation system, two pumps are added. The first circulates water through the regeneration zone to the bottom of the pool, and the second is on the water surface through a skimmer (Inspiration Green, n.d.). For the natural cleaning method to be most effective the pool size needs to be equal to the regeneration zone. The water is less harmful to the skin because it has less chemicals in. The natural pool area will serve as a green spill-out space for the city.

WATER LEVEL

RESTORATION AREA

POOL LONGITUDINAL SECTION THROUGH PUBLIC SWIMMING POOL Image 41 // By author, 2014

SA NATURAL POOL RESTORER PLANTS Image 31 - 40 // Celliers. (2014)

45 chapter 3 - research 1 // Substrate (Stone, not soil)

6 // Fynbos species

2 // Calopsis (Calopsis paniculata)

3 // Bulrush (Typha capensis)

4 // Water lilies (Nymphaeaceae)

5 // Red hot poker (Kniphofia praecox)

7 // Buchu (Acmadenia heterophylla)

8 // Whisper cranberry red (Diascia)

9 // Green Grass Reed (Restio festuciformis)

Water circulation

SWIMMING EXPERIENCE Image 42 // By author, 2014

47 The straining impact on the body is minimal, but it provides an overall effective workout. An ideal body maintenance; it keeps the body strong and flexible, and recovers from injury and illness quicker. It is ideal as a warm up and cool down session for other exercises. Swimming can decrease stress and increase alertness. Psychological benefits include sportsmanship and self-discipline as well as socialisation (Faulkner, 1996).

3.5 timekeeper guidelines 30 minutes before the race, the timekeeper needs to report to the referee. Equipment to bring along includes a stopwatch, pencil, note pad and a clipboard. The stopwatch time is a back-up time. The stopwatch is stopped at the point that any body part makes contact with the finish wall or passes the finish line. For championships, the Automatic Officiating Equipment (AOE) is used; it is electronically connected to the start devices. However, in case of a malfunction the stopwatch time is used (Amateur Swimming Association of Jamaica, n.d.).

chapter 3 - research

3.4 the benefits of swimming

chapter 4 // case studies and precedents “To understand water in architecture, we need to understand the architecture of water.” (Whelchel & Donovan, 1994: 15) Growing up, the Boksburg Indoor Pool area remains a breathable, overpowering and beautiful volume. With steps cascading downward the air pool becomes evident. A deep breath and… silence. The pool is an exploration of personal thoughts and relaxation. The individual can leave the pool area mentally and physically refreshed. The large volume is still filled with silence.

49 studies chapter 4 - case and precedent stud

BOKSBURG INDOOR SWIMMING POOL Image 43 // By author, 2014

4.1 case studies OTHER PUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS IN PRETORIA As a result of the analysis, it was concluded that the swimming pools in Pretoria are mainly located near single-storey residential areas. The majority of pools are not heated and are therefore inactive in winter. The pools mainly provide one type of pool function. Although the pools share similar â&#x20AC;&#x2DC;pool characteristicsâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;, the users have often adapted its interceded use. These pool areas serve as a design platform for the proposed public pool. Over looked design aspects in the visited public pools are mostly context, and landscape. It is believed that the thoughtful layering of different uses and activities could result in yearround use.

51 Even though it is an olympic size swimming pool, its visitors use it as a public pool. It has a large green space where visitors usually relax and picnic. A gymnasium forms part of the auxiliary facilities. The larger part of the site is available green space. The pool is still the largest attraction, but the safe and tree covered area supports the pool activities. SWIMMING POOL DIAGRAMS Image 44 // By author, 2014

WATER BODY

POOL PARKING

GREEN SPACE

GYM PARKING

AIR POOL

ENTRANCES

CHANGE ROOMS GYMNASIUM

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

TJAART VAN VUUREN SWIMMING POOL // 1067 30TH Avenue, VILLIERIA

HILLCREST SWIMMING POOL // Corner Jan Shoba Road and Duxbury Street, HILLCREST The Hillcrest pool is surrounded by built fabric and it serves as a good example illustrating the principle of the so-called ‘air pool’. Hillcrest Swimming Pool is heated up to 26oC during the winter, allowing for year-round use and making it convenient for professional swimmers. When compared to the similar pools, Hillcrest doesn’t provide a green space near the pool area. The singular entrance makes access difficult during peak hours. Currently, most swimming competitions in Pretoria are held at Hillcrest Pool. Hillcrest expresses the desired ‘air pool‘ most effectively. Its close proximity positioning of structures surrounding the pool increase the ‘depth‘ of the ‘air pool‘. SWIMMING POOL DIAGRAMS Image 45 // By author, 2014

WATER BODY

AIR POOL

ENTRANCES

CHANGE ROOMS

GREEN SPACE

PARKING

SQUASH CLUB

TUCK SHOP

OUTSIDE

Approximately 80% of the visitors to Sunnyside Swimming Pool do not actually swim, the visitors mostly used it for recreational purposes. The pool area has a variety of pool shapes with different depths. The swimming pool is surrounded by semi-high rise residential and commercial buildings. The availability of a multitude of different pools at Sunnyside Swimming Pool, attains to a larger group than the other case studies. It suits every type of swimmer. The swimming pools are all linked for a continuous stream of water. SWIMMING POOL DIAGRAMS Image 46 // By author, 2014

53 WATER BODY

AIR POOL

GREEN SPACE

OUTSIDE

ENTRANCE AREA

ENTRANCES

PUMP ROOM TUCK SHOP

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

SUNNYSIDE SWIMMING POOL // Corner Kotze Street and Bourke Street, SUNNYSIDE

LIST OF SWIMMING POOLS IN PRETORIA

Maunde Street, Atteridgeville. Free entry Tuck shop Ablution facility

200 Baviaanspoort Road, Derdepoort. Tuck shop Ablution facility

Atteridgeville Swimming Pool //

Derdepoort Recreation Resort Swimming Pool //

Corner Brits Road and Emily Hobhouse Avenue, Pretoria North. Free entry Ablution facility

Ivan Beckett Street, Eersterust. Standard Olympic pool Pool 15mx12m Squash Courts Learn-to-swim projects Tuck shop Ablution facility

Club Rendezvous //

De Jong Diving Center // 541 Roper Street, Muckleneuk. Scuba and diving club (members only) Diving boards: 1, 3, 5, 7 and 10m high Scuba shop Heated pool Ablution facility

Eersterust Swimming Pool //

Fountains Swimming Pool // Fountains Road, Groenkloof. Tuck shop Ablution facility

100 Braam Pretorius Street, Wonderboom. 25m pool Swimming lessons by private coach Tuck shop Ablution facility

Pitse Street, Atteridgeville. Tuck shop Ablution facility

Deon Malherbe Swimming Pool //

GaMothakga Resort Swimming Pool //

Gert van Schalkwyk Swimming Pool // Markotter Street, Danville. Pool 20mx25m Tuck shop Ablution facility

11 Bosduif Street, Kwaggasrand. Tuck shop Ablution facility

Mahlare Street, Mamelodi. Free entry Tuck shop Ablution facility

Hans Moolman Paddling Pool //

Hillcrest Swimming Pool // Corner Jan Shoba Road and Duxbury Street, Hillcrest. Standard Olympic Pool Squash courts Pavilions Hot water showers Swimming and life-saving coaching Heated pool Tuck shop Ablution facility

Laudium Swimming Pool // Corner 8th Avenue and Garnett Street, Laudium. Standard Olympic pool Pool 15mx12m Squash courts Tuck shop Ablution facility

Les Marais Swimming Pool // 675 Benita Avenue, Les Marais. Pool 25mx25m Tuck shop Ablution facility

Mamelodi East Swimming Pool //

Mamelodi West Swimming Pool // Kubane Street, Mamelodi. Tuck shop Ablution facility

Moretele Resort Swimming Pool // 410 Sibande Street, Mamelodi. Tuck shop Ablution facility

Pretoria North Swimming Pool // Corner President Street and Emily Hobhouse Avenue, Pretoria North. Swimming and life-saving coaching Pool 25mx25m Tuck shop Ablution facility

Saulsville Swimming Pool // Masopha Street, Saulsville Pool 20mx15m Tuck shop Ablution facility

Soshanguve Swimming Pool // Unnamed Road, Block H, Soshanguve. Pool 20mx15m Swimming and life-saving coaching Tuck shop Ablution facility

akasia

wonderboom

Sunnyside Swimming Pool // Corner Kotze Street and Bourke Street, Sunnyside. Modern recreational pool Tuck shop Ablution facility

Tjaart van Vuuren Swimming Pool // 1067 30th Avenue, Villieria. Standard Olympic Pool Underwater hockey Private Gymnasium Tuck shop Ablution facility

waverley

mamelodi

pretoria gardens danville PTA west

PTA CBD

silverton

arcadia sunnyside

attridgeville

lynnwood brooklyn

laudium

groenkloof

garsfontein

valhalla

Zitapark Paddling Pool //

(City of Tshwane, 2010) â&#x20AC;&#x192;

N4 faerie glen

365 Zita Street, Garsfontein Own risk Slide and play park Tuck shop Ablution facility

eersterus

R21

LOCALITY PLAN - PUBLIC SWIMMING POOLS IN PRETORIA Image 47 // By author, 2014

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

pretoria north

paul kruger street

NECESSARY EQUIPMENT

PROPER SIGNAGE

WATER TREATMENT EQUIPMENT

MOBILE CLEANING EQUIPMENT

POOL LANE BARRIERS

Image 48 - 59 // By author, 2014

57 CHEMICAL STORAGE AREA

CLOCK

10M FLAG MARKERS

LANE HIRING CHART

PARAPLEGIC ACCESS

INFORMATION BOARD

LIFE GUARD TOWER

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

POOL LADDERS

4.2 precedent studies

MATERIALITY BEYOND THE SCREEN // OBBA, South Korea The patterned brick facade consists of various texture and color mixes. The variation between solid and honeycomb wall creates pockets of activity and light filtering spots. The most impressive feature of the selected material is its multi-functional application to the building. Image 60 - 62 // Archdaily, 2013

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

OUTSIDE, INSIDE AND IN-BETWEEN BRICK HOUSE // Atelier Zhanglei, China Due to the honeycomb walls used, the dividing plane between outside and inside spaces is translated to an in-between space. The walls are permeable, allowing light to flood the rooms. The external facade seems more solid, but the interior is experienced as a light-filled space. Image 63 - 64 // World-Architects, n.d. Image 65 // By author, 2014

EXTERIOR

INTERIOIR

RHYTHM RED LOCATION // Noero Wolff Architects, South Africa

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

Image 66 - 69 // By author, 2014)

Analyzing the negative space of the building, the triangular roof allows it to rhythmically fade into the sky. The repetition of elements create unity in the building technique.

ELEVATION ILLUSTRATING RHYTHM

THE BUILDING LIGHTLY TOUCHES THE SKY

FLOOR PLAN - ILLUSTRATING PRIVATE AND PUBLIC AREAS AROUND THE EXTERIOR

POOLS AND SITE TERRACE PRINCE ALFRED PARK POOL // Neeson Murcutt Architects, Sydney The pool is protected from the street edge by a raised green park slope. The new building has removed a minimum amount of the park. The building is hidden from the street, preserving the idea of a park. Image 70 // ArchitectureAU, n.d.

NATURBAD // Herzog & de Meuron, Switzerland The design includes a naturally cleaned pool. The edge between pool and land is made vague. Therefore the pool edge may extend to where the user would like it to be.

chapter 4 - case and precedent studies

Image 71 // The Geek Parent, 2014

CANAL PRECEDENTS THE RESTORER // John Todd Ecological Designs, China By using a variety of water plants, the impure water line was able to be cleaned. The walkway was added to service the plants and enjoy the clean water. Image 72 // Another Hundred Years Hence, 2005

THE HIGH LINE // James Corner Fields Operations, New York The old railway use to be a void space, but was transformed into a continuous green walkway. It has elevator access points that close at night.

chapter 4 - case and precedent edent studies

â&#x20AC;&#x192;

Image 73 // Baan, 2009

chapter 5 // urban analysis “The natural landscape is more important than artificial buildings. That’s why the mountain over there is more prominent than this building.” Wang Shu (CCTV.com, 2012)

67 chapter 5 - urban analysis DIFFICULTY TO POSITION ONESELF IN THE CITY Image 74 // By author, 2014

BUILDING AND SITE

follies

aapies river canal

city fingers

city

5.1 physical experience // city layers 69

The purpose of the city mapping was to identify existing spatial typologies and gain an understanding of the city. Three were identified: the canal, the city and the city fingers.

Image 75 // By author, 2014

THE CANAL The storm water systems of Pretoria Central, certain parts of Pretoria West and central Pretoria East drain into the Aapies River Canal. The pump station at Fountains Valley controls the source of the Aapies River. It still provides a quiet movement space for wildlife. According to the Water Institute of South Africa (eWISA, n.d.), the region receives brief but heavy rainfall during the period November to February. Along and within the canal the following flora is found: TREES // Umbrella Thorn Acacia (Vachellia Tortilis), White Stinkwood (Celtis Africana), South African Wild Pear (Dombeya Rotundifolia), Bushveld Cherry (Pappea Capensis), Weeping Wattle (Peltophorum Africanum), Silver Cluster-Leaf (Terminalia Sericea). SHRUBS // Asparagus Cooperi (Asparagaceae), Rhynchosia Nitens (Fabaceae), Yellow Justicea (Justicia Flava). GRASSES // Bristle-Leaved Red Top (Melinis Nerviglumis), Herringbone Grass (Pogonarthria Squarrosa).

chapter 5 - urban analysis

CITY LAYERS AND THE PROPOSED BUILDING

THE CITY // URBAN SECTIONS Their sectional sketches lead to:  Understanding the proportions of the canal.  Identifying areas that have been designed by the unaware user.  Identifying void space along the canal.

PUBLIC TRANSPORT

SECTION AA // TUT ARTS CAMPUS

The purple points indicate various pick-up and drop-off areas around the Aapies River. The river is a popular in-between exchange point for pedestrians and public transport.

Open sites next to the canal that can form part of the “Green lung”.

GREEN SPACE There is an opportunity to create a green space between Church Square, Burger’s Park and the Union buildings. The canal is well placed for a comfortable walk from the one to the other. SECTION BB // INFORMAL GREEN SPACE SECTION

Image 76 - 77 // By author, 2014

an analysis chapter 5 - urban

CANAL INTERESTS

WALKING CIRCLES

SECTION CC // GM AUTO CARS

The walking circles of 200m diameter represents a 10 minute walk. The overlapping points indicate where a vertical link between the canal and the street level are needed. The intersecting points could be used for security and ease of access.

73 Certain points crossing the Aapies River Canal are heavily congested with pedestrians. The proposed canal walkway could assist in distributing city users within the canal. SECTION DD // CALEDONIAN STADIUM

Image 78 - 79 // By author, 2014

an analysis chapter 5 - urban

PEDESTRIAN CONGESTION

N VEHICULAR TRAFFIC Personal observations indicated that traffic is congested on Stanza Bopape Street and Pretorius Street between 7:00am and 9:00am. From 15:30pm until 18:30pm traffic flows slowly out of the city.

75 Overlapping the analyses indicated areas where intervention is needed. It was decided that the pool was to be positioned as near as possible to the CBD. Image 80 - 81 // By author, 2014

chapter 5 - urban analysis

N VOID SPACE

5.2 sensual experience

SITE VISIT 02 (2014/02/22) WALKING IN THE AAPIES RIVER

SITE VISIT 04 (2014/03/07)

TIME // 13:00pm – 14:00pm

WEATHER // Raining

Upon visiting the site the sense of place is personally rated between excellent, moderate and poor. The points are plotted on a map.

WEATHER // Sunny

TRAFFIC ACTIVITY // High

TRAFFIC ACTIVITY // Mild PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY // Non – little activity.

PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY // Moderate, but quick moving.

FOLIAGE // Very green, but contradicting to the concrete canal.

FOLIAGE // The rain creates the sense of foliage.

OVERALL FEELING // A completely different experience. Unsure of where you are. Very quiet and time (of the city) is not physical visible.

OVERALL FEELING // Enjoyable. The air tasted clean, traffic was moving slowly. The Aapies River was half full, and the roaring sound was invigorating.

SITE VISIT 01 (2014/02/21)

SITE VISIT 03 (2014/03/06)

SITE VISIT 05 (2014/06/20)

TIME // 14:00pm – 16:00pm

TIME // 12:00pm – 18:00pm

TIME // 9:00m – 9:30pm

WEATHER // Sunny

WEATHER // Cloudy

WEATHER // Sunny

TRAFFIC ACTIVITY // Mild

TRAFFIC ACTIVITY // High

PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY // Minimal activity.

PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY // None - little activity.

PEDESTRIAN ACTIVITY // Busy

FOLIAGE // Very green

FOLIAGE // Mainly semi-private gardens.

FOLIAGE // More green, but less trees. Uncomfortable to walk in the sun.

OVERALL FEELING // Slightly uncomfortable but enjoyable. Some green spaces next to canal are utilized by by-passers.

OVERALL FEELING // Limited space to walk amongst the other pedestrians. People seemed more rushed.

excellent moderate poor

TIME // 9:00am – 9:30pm

OVERALL FEELING // With fewer eyes on the street in the area, it felt less safe. SENSUAL URBAN MAP. Image 82 // By author, 2014

chapter 5 - urban an analysis

site

CHURCH SQUARE

SITE VISIT 01 SITE VISIT 02 SITE VISIT 03 SITE VISIT 04 SITE VISIT 05

CITY FINGERS The canal has become a barrier between Pretoria Central, Sunnyside and Arcadia. The roads and bridges are currently the strongest tie-backs. The ratio of bridges to the space between the bridges results in less available crossing points and more void space. Where green spaces and sidewalks are larger, a greater cross-pollination of activity is present.

UNDERNEATH THE BRIDGES “’Underneath’ is a powerful planning instrument, with no particular concern for spatial sequence or articulation.” (Ferguson, 2006) The bridges are worn by years of continuous use. From above, we have become oblivious of their importance for vehicular access. When the bridges are viewed from below, this altered perspective reveals its infrastructural beauty. The scale, monumentality and importance of this ‘connecting’ device becomes evident. The Lion Bridge for example, is a steel construction atop a crafted brick column, representing a particular technological approach. This ‘underside’, could be termed the sixth elevation. The sixth elevation becomes evident when a structure allows its exploration from underneath.

AN EARLY PHOTO OF THE LION BRIDGE. Image 83 // Meiring, n.d.

TABLE 4 // TIME INTERVALS FOR WALKING ALONG THE CANAL COMPARED TO WALKING IN THE CANAL (By author, 2014) Walking in the canal:

Acc. time (minutes)

Intervals (minutes)

Acc. time (minutes)

1 // Walking

2:47m

0:00m

7:19m

2 // Crossing the street

0:15m

2:47m

3 // Walking

1:36m

3:02m

4 // Pause (Traffic light)

0:57m

4:37m

5 // Crossing the street

0:16m

5:35m

6 //Walking

1:35m

5:50m

7 // Pause (Traffic light)

0:09m

7:25m

8 // Crossing the street

0:22m

7:35m

9 // Walking

1:30m

7:57m

10 // Pause (Traffic light)

0:47m

9:27m

11 // Crossing the street

0:18m

10:14m 10:32m

chapter 5 - urban analysis

Intervals (minutes)

Walking along N. M. Drive:

7:19m

Pedestrians moving from north to south within the city are constantly interrupted by the short distances of city blocks. Walking along the Nelson Mandela Drive takes approximately 43.5% longer than walking the same distance in the canal. The canal has no obstructions for which one needs to wait, making the floating walkway a viable proposal.

The canal is a hidden and seamless walkway, a corridor that stretches from Fountains Valley to the Pretoria Zoo. An unexplored layer of the city where time can pass as the noise and street activity is not present. The canal and design proposal could act as a breathing space for when the city becomes too busy. Some sidewalks are inefficiently narrow and pedestrian activity can be distributed more evenly along the Nelson Mandela Corridor. If the canal is converted into a contemporary natural river, it could be more enjoyable as a movement route. The design proposal could act as a future guideline for new buildings next to the canal. The landform could increase the water cleaning capabilities. As indicated on the sketch it could link the schools in the surrounding area to the swimming pool, establishing the education hub. FUTURE URBAN PROPOSAL Image 84 // By author, 2014

EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTES IN CLOSE PROXIMITY TO THE SELECTED SITE

81 chapter 5 - urban analysis

5.3 urban proposal // green lung

STORM WATER // CONTROL AND CLEANING METHODS

1 // An alternative canal profile could enlarge the holding area

2 // Adding a storm water pipe under the canal allows better control over the canal water level AAPIES RIVER CANAL SECTIONS Image 85 - 87 // By author, 2014

chapter 5 - urban analysis

3 // Identify open spaces in the city to use as parks and gardens to retain and use rain water Image 88 // By author, 2014

THE WATER LEVEL OF THE CANAL To increase and control the water level in the canal, floating barriers could be installed at intervals in the canal. The hollow profiles are filled with air which makes them float and effectively temporary dam the canal. When the river starts to flood the air is allowed to escape and the barrier lowers and allows the canal to serve its purpose. When the level of the water rises, a signal will notify the users of the walkway. CANAL BARRIER SECTION SKETCHES. Image 89 - 90 // By author, 2014 TIMELAPSE OF BARRIER SIMULATION. Image 91 // By author, 2014

chapter 5 - urban analysis

SITE

SECTIONAL PERSPECTIVE OF THE FOLLIES Image 92 // By author. (2014)

DEVELOPMENT SKETCHES. Image 94 - 97 // By author, 2014

WATER LEVEL RAISING Image 93 // By author, 2014

chapter 5 - urban analysis

The slanted canal edges will need vertical links at regular intervals that are positioned according to the maximum walking circle distance. The follies will include a rentable space and every second building could be a security point for the canal walkway. For safety purposes the water level in the canal is raised, the walkway raises and separates from the follies. The proposed walkway decreases the available flow area in the canal, which increases the depth of canal without increasing the amount of water that flows in the canal. The roof collects rainwater and solar panels generates electricity.

FOLLIES // VERTICAL LINK

SITE VIEW FROM NELSON MANDELA DRIVE Image 98 // By author, 2014

SITE

DERELICT “An idea that if ‘something’ is missing, it is also possible that ‘something’ leftover resides in the lack. Unobserved in a time of optimism, the ‘inhuman’ progression of techno-science erased social cooperation and community… The mechanism of hope is linked to that of realism. Once the proletarian social subject has greatly increased its penetration of the real, then we know that the revolution is possible.” (Ferguson, 2006)

89 chapter 6 - site analysis

chapter 6 // site analysis

6.1 site selection The proposed site on Nelson Mandela Drive is zoned for public open space and business. Overlaying the urban analyses arrives at an open site that is quiet, but centered between larger activities. The site is located in the newly identified Nelson Mandela Student Urban Design Framework as a recreational node for Tshwane. (Mahne, 2010) Students at the SA College Private School (Grade 0-12) were asked and confirmed that the majority can swim, are interested in learning to swim and will enjoy an open park and pool area in close proximity to their school. SA College is located north of the chosen site and will become an intricate part of feeding the pool area with young swimmers. TUT Arts Campus and Arcadia Campus is within walking distance from SA College, which could help grow the popularity of swimming over the foreseeable future. (Appendix D) SITE MODEL ILLUSTRATING THE SITE GENERATORS. Image 99 // By author, 2014

91 chapter 6 - site analysis

6.2 site memories // design generator Interaction and rejuvenation of the canal is needed. Existing pyramid-like rubble heaps inspired a playful landscape.

6.3 physical experience On site is a BMW motorcycle shop which is currently to let as well as an unmaintained Auto Body Mechanicâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s building. The site is covered in heaps of soil and stone from the demolished building to prevent any activity on site, but people still use the heaps for safety, noise and wind protection. The northern strip of the site is used as taxi parking because of the tree line. The south-western corner has been transformed into a public seating space. The western strip has an informal walkway next to the canal and the gardens create a buffer zone next to the street. CURRENT SITE ZONING Business 1 zoning 25m height Floor Area Ratio 3:0 Coverage 80%

N SA COLLEGE PRIVATE SCHOOL

TUT ARTS CAMPUS

LOCALITY PLAN

SITE

SECTION AA // SELECTED SITE Image 100 // By author, 2014

chapter 6 - site analysis

ARCADIA CAMPUS

6.4 site development According to Mr. Jansen Van Vuuren (2014): â&#x20AC;&#x153;They aim to apply a set of requirements to sites next to the canal. For example, the building design must not turn its back towards the canal, new building lines from the canal as existing buildings have mostly been built till against the canal, and between the building line and the water edge it will only allow gardening.â&#x20AC;? The proposed design together with the new regulations will ensure future projects respond better to the canal edge. Its aim should be to prevent any negative space forming along the canal. SITE PHOTO OF THE RUBBLE HEAPS Image 101 // By author, 2014

NEW STREET EDGE TYPOLOGY To escape from the street noise, instinctive-designers have created a walkway next to the canal rather than walking next to the road on the allocated walkway. The new walkway is separated from the road by a densely grown garden. At some instances the buffer becomes a green park for sleeping, sitting or playing.

DESIGN PROPOSAL WALKWAY NEXT TO THE CANAL. Image 103 // By author, 2014

95 chapter 6 - site analysis

INFORMAL WALKWAY ALONG THE CANAL Image 102 // By author, 2014

EXISTING INFORMAL WALKWAY ALONG THE CANAL. Image 104 // By author, 2014

The proposed idea is to enlarge the new found walkway. A multi-levelled set of walkways creates varying experiences of silence and movement.

MODEL EXPLORATION The landform exploration focused on hiding the buildings from the street edge as well as create a podium that slants towards the canal. This allows visitors to enjoy and view the canal proposal. The outer edge of the site is still focused on public interaction, especially for the neighboring schools close to the site. The design aims to create a positive space between the canal and the buildings. SITE PERSPECTIVE DEVELOPMENT SKETCH Image 105 // By author, 2014 LANDFORM MODEL EXPLORATION Image 106 - 112 // By author, 2014

chapter 6 - site analysis

99 chapter 6 - site analysis

BUILDING // 3 BUILDING // 2 BUILDING // 1

“All pictorial form begins with the point that sets itself in motion… the point moves… and the line comes into being – the first dimension. If the line shifts to form a plane, we obtain a two-dimensional element. In the movement from plane to spaces, the clash of planes gives rise to body (3D)… A summary of the kinetic energies which move the point into a line, the line into a plane, and the plane into a spatial dimension.” (Klee, P., 1961. Cited in Ching, 2007:1) CROSSING THE RIVER IN THE CANAL. Image 113 // By author, 2014

chapter 7 - design development

PRIMARY ELEMENTS

101

chapter 7 // design development

7.1 programme and accommodation list ON SITE / All estimates are approximate Lap pool // 1 000 m Public pool // 1 600 m2 Kids pool // 100 m2 Temporary pool 3x // 50 m2 each Life guard tower 4x // 16 m2 Parking area // 20 bays Follies // 100 m2 Wetland // 2 700 m2 Pump room // 50 m2 Security room // 40 m2 Public and private terrace seating // 27 to 54 people per 10m2 Pick-up drop-off Water wheel 2

BUILDING 1

BUILDING 2

BUILDING 3

Gymnasium // 250 m2 Fitness room // 100 m2 Rehabilitation room // 30m2 Medical room // 20 m2 Bathrooms // 70 m2 Change rooms // 100 m2 Reception // 20 m2 Offices 3x // 16 m2 each

Restaurant // 350 m2 Kitchen // 250 m2 Swim shop // 50 m2 Change rooms // 70 m2 Bathrooms // 130 m2 Pedestrian bridge Deliveries

Canal entrance Change rooms // private Change rooms // public Medical room // 20 m2 Offices 3x // 16 m2 each Sun room // 300 m2 Bathrooms // 70 m2

103 chapter 7 - design development BUILDING POSITION // DEVELOPMENT SKETCHES Image 114 // By author, 2014

7.2 a new canal profile Analyzing various canal profiles, selection is based on optimum visual and physical interaction with the canal and maximizing the volume of the canal. The proposed profile of the canal becomes the site profile as well. If the canal edges become wetlands, the plants will delay the flow of water. The profile of the canal is enlarged so that when it floods there is more space for more water. The canal level is flooded at night to control access with the Venice floating wall. SECTIONAL EXPLORATION. Image 115 // By author, 2014

EYE ACTIVITY ON THE CANAL

ALTERNATIVE BOUNDARY WALLS

The canal can become more visually available if the slope of the site concentrates eye activity on the canal. The site is slanted towards the canal as a sign of respect.

The boundary wall has a secondary purpose. If the buildings are tucked underneath the slope, it doesnâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;t take any green space away from the site.

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105

Image 116 - 117 // By author, 2014

7.3 plan development The selected section profile is further explored on floor plan. The site would be allocated to act as a gathering and public space. It will not necessarily link to an existing main movement route, but its location is well centered around city activities. The buildings and landform developed from a rigid grid in accordance with the city framework, but reached a more free-form approach in the end. Superimposing various grids arrived at a certain spatial potential. The main aim of the site is to provide a green space for the city users. Image 118 - 132 // By author, 2014

SITE PLAN 01 // The landform is fanned between the canal and the street.

SITE PLAN 02 // The landform is transformed into a terrace that steps towards the canal.

SITE PLAN 03 // Public and private seating spaces along the canal.

107 SITE PLAN 05 // Orientation according to the canal.

SITE PLAN 06 // Orientation along the street edge.

SITE PLAN 07 // Pedestrian activity along the canal is observed.

chapter 7 - design development

SITE PLAN 04 // Orientation of the building according to the city grid.

SITE PLAN 08 // Pedestrian walkways are protected from street noise with a green buffer area.

SITE PLAN 09 // Edges raised around the site create safety and visual boundaries from the street edge.

SITE PLAN 10 // Splicing the building portions to create public and private areas in the building.

SITE PLAN 11 // Analyzing the flow of water across the site.

109 SITE PLAN 13 // Adding temporary pools along with the main swimming pools.

SITE PLAN 14 // Graphical quality of the superimposed floor plan.

SITE PLAN 15 // Overlaying the various layers arrives at a floor plan that respects the canal as the source of water.

chapter 7 - design development

SITE PLAN 12 // To identify arrival and entry points onto the site.

N FLOOR PLAN 01 // The floor plan aims to prepare swimmers for their training session.

FLOOR PLAN 02 // Creating wet- and dry bathroom areas.

FLOOR PLAN 03 // Position of the building and pools in relation to the canal.

FLOOR PLAN 04 // The pool lanes inform the grid of the building.

111 FLOOR PLAN 05 // To determine movement and entry points in the building.

ZONING Change room Walkway Swimming pool Bathrooms

DATUM

MOVEMENT

chapter 7 - design development

Image 133 - 140 // By author, 2014

7.4 section development The sections explore the pool position versus building position. The angled faรงade relates to the pool profile. Outside the building thin corridors create public and private movement routes. The terraces step down towards the center of the site to create a stronger connection to the canal. The vaulted roof provided a seamless line of materials across the swimming pool, against the walls and over the roof. The roof is extremely strong and provides a sensual experience of sound and texture within the building. Vault roofs are not new to Pretoria, for example the public bathrooms at the Union buildings allows light to filter. Image 141 - 147 // By author, 2014

CHANGE ROOM

SECTION 01 // Light filters into building, while maintaining a visual connection to outside.

SECTION 02 // Skylights are covered with a honeycomb wall sunscreen.

SECTION 03 // The datum wall is a honeycomb wall to allow light to filter through from the north side of the building. It also creates a permeable connection between both sides of the building.

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113

HOT ROOM

7.5 model development Image 148 - 149 // By author, 2014

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115

MODEL 01 // The building is raised over the swimming pools

MODEL EXPLORATION The building is an experimental exploration of transitional spaces and movement lanes to help prepare swimmers for the pool activity. The canal walkway is luminated with lights. Image 150 - 152 // By author, 2014

117

MODEL 03 // The buildings are fanned between the street grid and the canal.

chapter 7 - design development

MODEL 02 // The buildings are arranged around the site

119 FLOOR PLAN CONCEPTUAL MODEL

The outside walkway links the three buildings. It creates a split between a public green area and a more semi-public green space that faces the swimming pools and the canal. It is sunken into the ground to create a hidden ‘Boundary wall’.

The model explores the building’s connection to the swimming pool, as well as its connection to a temporary pool across the canal. The temporary pool is filled by the Aapies River and is open to the public, no entry fee is required. Furthermore, the model illustrates various methods of how light can enter the building.

Image 153 - 155 // By author, 2014

chapter 7 - design development

FINAL CONCEPTUAL MODEL

121 chapter 7 - design development ment SECTIONAL MODEL EXPLORATION Image 156 - 160 // By author, 2014

7.6 swimming pool ergonomics All swimming pool areas should be in accordance with FINA regulations. Steps, ramps and handrails into the pool act as water-acclimatization areas. The learner pool is preferred separate from the main pool for safety reasons. An underwater window holds benefits for coaching and video capabilities. 1,8M DEPTH MIN.

CHANGING PROVISIONS // Dry and wet paths can be considered for the change rooms. Lockers, toilets and post-swimming showers need to be supplied. For easy movement and sense of programme, larger and color coated signs may be added. The pool orientation is not specific but can be determined by the best views, minimum shadows and setting the pool slightly off angle to prevent glare.

OLYMPIC SWIMMING POOL // The pool length should be 50m and the width should be a minimum of 8 lanes, each 2,5m wide. The minimum depth should be 1,8m.

OLYMPIC SWIMMING POOL SIZE AND SHAPE Image 161 - 162 // By author, 2014

BACKSTROKE INDICATORS // Two indicators, usually flag lines, are suspended above the pool 5m from the edge on both sides.

8 LANES MIN. (2,5M)

WATER POLO // The water needs to be a minimum of 1,8m deep. The field is marked above the water level, the outside area should allow the referee to move around freely. SYNCHRONISED SWIMMING // The pool needs to be a minimum of 1,8m deep.

10M

10M 50M

OTHER POOL ACTIVITIES // Lifesaving training, fin swimming, water aerobics, water gymnastics, snorkeling. (Perrin, 1999)

POOL HANDRAIL DRAINAGE

STARTING PLATFORM STARTING HANDRAIL

WATER SURFACE AREA / 2 = Pool capacity PUBLIC POOL: 1384m2 / 2 = 692 swimmers LAP POOL: (9 lanes, but it could be used as a public pool as well) = 9 swimmers minimum (Perrin, 1999) Image 163 - 164 // By author, 2014

123

CALCULATION // POOL CAPACITY

chapter 7 - design development

300MM 300MM 300MM

400MM 300 - 600

500 - 750

525MM

SITE

chapter 8 // final design

125 chapter 8 - finall design AERIAL SITE PHOTO FROM ARCADIA CAMPUS Image 165 // By author, 2014

ase street

johannes ramokgo

BUILDING 1 // GYMNASIUM BUILDING

regeneration area

public pool

BUILDING 2 // RESTAURANT BUILDING

vertical follies

lap pool

BUILDING 3 // LAP POOL BUILDING

temporary pool

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127

ockerse street

nelson mandela drive

SITE PLAN Image 166 // By author, 2014

WATER CIRCULATION ACROSS THE SITE

N PUBLIC GREEN SPACE

SEMI-PUBLIC GREEN SPACE

129 chapter 8 - final design PROPOSED DESIGN AERIAL PERSPECTIVE Image 167 - 169 // By author, 2014

8.1 building 1 // gymnasium building The building serves as the main entrance from the northern side of the site. The focus is on swimming and gym enthusiasts to allow for movement between varying areas. The doors are controlled by membership cards and once-off payments at the reception. The buildingâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s interior steps together with the landform and ends at a massage room and large window overlooking the canal. Next to the building a walkway leads to a temporary pool that is filled as the canal level changes. It provides a private cut-off area from the public pool. Image 170 - 176 // By author, 2014

CHANGE ROOMS ENTRANCE OUTSIDE WALKWAY

VAULT ROOF TEMPORARY POOL PUBLIC POOL

HONEYCOMB WALL

1 // EXISTING BRIDGE 2 // FLOATING WALKWAY 3 // NEW CANAL 4 // DEMOLISHED CANAL 5 // WETLAND 6 // NATURAL GARDEN

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131

MASSAGE ROOM FIRST AID ROOM CHANGE ROOMS

GYMNASIUM OFFICES LIFE GUARD FOLLIE

11 12

7 // TEMPORARY POOL 8 // LIFE GUARD FOLLIE 9 // MASSAGE ROOM 10 // FIRST AID ROOM 11 // GYMNASIUM 12 // WALKWAY 13 // CHANGE ROOMS 14 // PUBLIC POOL

ground floor plan scale 1 // 200

15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22

// // // // // // // //

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133

PAY POINT ENTRANCE OUTSIDE WALKWAY RECEPTION OFFICES KITCHENETTE COURTYARD RESTORATION AREA

N 22

SECTION AA Image 177 // By author, 2014

The honeycomb wall is used in the bathrooms to filter the natural sunlight that enters through the frosted glass window. The outside walkway creates a physical barrier, but still allows a visual connection to the pools and the canal. It is punctured with views towards the swimming pools and seating space.

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135

The honeycomb wall acts as a spatial divider between public and private movement areas. The skylights bring in early and late afternoon sunlight. The interior skin of the roof becomes an attractive sixth elevation.

137 chapter 8 - final design INTERIOR VIEW Image 178 // By author, 2014

8.2 building 2 // restaurant building The building becomes the main link between the two swimming pools, it is therefore zoned as the most public building. It will accommodate noisy swimmers, restaurant goers and where necessary, quiet spaces are available. The first floor stretches across the Aapies River as a sculptural pedestrian bridge where access is controlled via a follie. Image 179 - 185 // By author, 2014

PUBLIC POOL PLATFORM VAULT ROOF

HONEYCOMB WALL OUTSIDE WALKWAY

SERVICE ROOMS STAIRS COURTYARD

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139

CHANGE ROOMS WALKWAY BATHROOMS

HOTROOM FOLLIES OFFICES

1 // FOLLIE FOUNDATION 2 // DEMOLISHED CANAL 3 // NATURAL GARDEN 4 // WETLAND 5 // FLOATING WALKWAY

15 16 18

19 7

17 22

23 25

ground floor plan scale 1 // 200

chapter 8 - final design

6 // NEW CANAL 7 // WETLAND 8 // NATURAL GARDEN 9 // WALKWAY ABOVE 10 // TEMPORARY POOL 11 // PUBLIC POOL 12 // PUMP ROOM 13 // STORE ROOM 14 // GEOTHERMAL ROOM 15 // EXTERIOR WALKWAY 16 // CHANGE ROOMS 17 // DISABLED CHANGE ROOM 18 // INTERIOR WALKWAY 19 // GARDEN 20 // LAP POOL 21 // LIFE GUARD / FIRST AID 22 // DINING AREA 23 // KITCHEN 24 // MALE BATHROOM 25 // FEMALE BATHROOM 26 // ADDITIONAL CHANGE ROOM 27 // COURTYARD

141

SECTION BB Image 186 // By author, 2014

chapter 8 - final design

143

GEOTHERMAL PIPE SYSTEM

chapter 8 - final design

145

VISUAL CONNECTION TO THE POOL AREA

PUNCTURED SEATING

PUNCTURED BATHROOM WINDOW

147 chapter 8 - final design OUTSIDE WALKWAY Image 187 - 189 // By author, 2014

8.3 building 3 // lap pool building The building serves as the main entrance from the canal. From the southern side of the site this also becomes the main entrance. The movement in the building starts with a large entrance area, from this point to entering the pool area, the building focuses on preparing the swimmer. That is why the corridors become narrower and why the design explored the transition space between inside and outside. The staircases individually praises the swimmer before an event. The building ascends into the lobby area to create a back-up water barrier if the canal accidentally floods. Image 190 - 196 // By author, 2014

MOVEABLE PLATFORM LAP POOL VAULT ROOF

HONEYCOMB WALL OUTSIDE WALKWAY

SERVICE ROOMS STAIRS COURTYARD

1 // TEMPORARY POOL 2 // NATURAL GARDEN 3 // WETLAND 4 // NEW CANAL 5 // FLOATING WALKWAY

HOT ROOM FOLLIES OFFICES

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149

CHANGE ROOMS ENTRANCE BATHROOMS

ground floor plan scale 1 // 100

chapter 8 - final design

6 // ENTRANCE 7 // RSTORATION AREA 8 // LAP POOL 9 // STORE ROOM 10 // PUMP ROOM 11 // EXTERNAL WALKWAY 12 // CHANGE ROOMS 13 // INTERNAL WALKWAY 14 // LOBBY AREA 15 // ENTRANCE AREA 16 // CAMERA ROOM 17 // GEOTHERMAL ROOM 18 // DISABLED CHANGE ROOM 19 // RECEPTION 20 // TUCK SHOP 21 // EXTERNAL RAMP 22 // STORE ROOM 23 // FEMALE BATHROOMS 24 // ADDITIONAL CHANGE ROOMS 25 // BUILDING ABOVE

151

MAIN MOVEMENT ROUTE SWIMMER ROUTE DISABLED ROUTE

SECTION CC Image 197 // By author, 2014

chapter 8 - final design

153

GRAPHICAL SECTION Image 198 // By author, 2014

chapter 8 - final design

155

SECTION DD Image 199 - 200 // By author, 2014

The section illustrates how the entrance walkway is visually connected to the swimming pool. The hot room is connected to the swimming pool via ramps. Cement brick honeycomb sunscreens allow visual connection between inside and outside. The hot room is the final destination after swimming. Warm air from the geothermal system dries swimmers afterwards and the building is ventilated through a custom louvre system at the top of the vault roof.

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CEMENT BRICK VAULT ROOF SKYLIGHTS FOR EAST AND WEST SUN HONEYCOMB SUNSCREEN WALL

CHANGE ROOMS LOCKERS AND SHOWERS

DIVIDER WALL

EXTERIOR BUILDING VIEW Image 201 - 202 // By author, 2014

chapter 8 - final design

RESTORATION AREA

159

CLAMITISATION AREA

NON-LOAD BEARING CEMENT BRICK SKIN, BRICK-ON-EDGE AND STACK BOND, BRICKS ARE SELECTED FROM VARIOUS BATCHES TO PROVIDE VARIATION IN TEXTURE AND COLOR

PRE-CAST REINFORCED CONCRETE VAULT BRACING. TWO LAYERS CEMENT BRICK, BRICK-ON-EDGE AND STACK BOND

IN-SITU REINFORCED CONCRETE RING BEAM TO DISTRIBUTE VAULT ROOF LOAD

IN-SITU REINFORCED CONCRETE BUTTRESSES. 20MM 10o SLANTED REINFORCED CONCRETE LOAD BEARING WALL WITH 200MM WIDE BOARD FORM FINISH

IN-SITU REINFORCED CONCRETE LOAD BEARING WALL WITH 200MM WIDE BOARD FORM FINISH

CEMENT BRICK NON-LOAD BEARING WALL, HONEYCOMB BOND WITH MIN. OVERLAP OF 50MM

FBS BURGUNDY PAVERS LAID OVER REINFORCED CONCRETE SURFACE BED

REINFORCED CONCRETE LOAD BEARING WALL

BUILT-IN TIMBER BENCH. STAINLESS STEEL MECHANICAL DOOR LOCK

FBS BURGUNDY PAVERS

PLASTIC SPACERS

REINFORCED CONCRETE BEAMS TO SLOPE

REINFORCED CONCRETE SURFACE BED

STRUCTURAL EXPLOSIONS Image 203 - 204 // By author, 2014

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161

REINFORCED CONCRETE BLOCK COPING. WEEP HOLES. ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY. SAND-CEMENT SCREED

8.4 presentation exhibition + model

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163

PRESENTATION EXHIBITION PANORAMA. Image 205 // By author, 2014

165 chapter 8 - final design PRESENTATION EXHIBITION. Image 206 - 207 // By author, 2014

167 chapter 8 - final design LASER CUT MODEL. Image 208 - 209 // By author, 2014

chapter 9 // technical resolution CONCRETE, BRICK AND WATER After nearly a century of water flow, the concrete surface has weathered to a smooth layer. The structure speaks of its own history, the erosion of time has discolored the concrete from a dark rough smooth concrete at the top, to a white shimmering rough textured finish at the bottom, illustrating the power of weathering. Considered, one of manâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s strongest construction materials, the concrete has over time been punctured by nature. Slowly, it converts itself back into a natural river.

169 Image 210 // By author, 2014

chapter 9 - technical resolution

AAPIES RIVER CONCRETE INFRASTRUCTURE

POLLEY’S ARCADE // NORMAN EATON Image 211 // By author, 2014

9.1 the red brick in the city “Sunlight occupies the space and is the instrument to investigate the inside/outside dialectic. Finding home as a “site construction“ naturally straddling the concurrent demands of architecture and landscape by reflecting both the rhythms of human occupation and the hydraulic engineering requirements defining its use.” (Seakins, 2013:54)

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171

The city of Pretoria has a history of using red brick as a decorative and structural unit. Norman Eaton succeeded in introducing the brick as an aesthetically pleasing element with varying patterns and color. For the proposed design the transition between inside and outside is one of the prominent focus areas of the design. The floors of the building can be laid with FBS Burgundy bricks to resemble a piece of Pretoria’s history. The change rooms are the main inside-outside transition space. The swimmers could be greeted with the warming red brick color before and after swimming. The change rooms have a raised floor that allows water to drain away and the floor to dry.

9.2 vault roofs // andre du preez Andre du Preez is an architect situated in Pretoria. Most of his projects include vault roof construction. During an interview construction methods, aesthetics and possible insulations were discussed. The least amount of stress is present at the top of the arch, whereas the sides tend to experience the most stress. The foot of the arch is continued two brick layers down to ensure the arch does not kick out. As an extra precaution a ‘kicker’ is added to support the arch. Experienced builders are able to construct a vault without any form work and some builders use the form work mainly as a guiding tool. For the proposed design the vault roof will be built from cement bricks of varying textures and color.

D4 4/6

Purpose made ALUMINIUM profile with pre-drilled holes and VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish, fixed with GALVANIZED STEEL WOOD screw to 50mmx50mm PLYWOOD wall plate Factory applied structural adhesive

110

10 0

Factory applied neutral cure SILICONE matt black KEY BRICK: Final brick layer to be built after skylight has been installed

One layer 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge STAINLESS STEEL mesh and 10mm mortar

CEMENT brick honeycomb bond built with formwork 100mmx60mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE lintol

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications

220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally 2400mmx600mmx25mm thick ISOBOARD rigid extruded POLYSTYRENE insulation boarding with shiplap joints laid tightly installed according to manufacturer's specifications

SKYLIGHT AND ROOF CONSTRUCTION Image 212 // By author, 2014 R

ROOF NOTE: Acc. to SANS 10400: XA, for a suitable CRValue it must at least have a double brick wall with a cavity insulation of 0,5 R-value to secure a sufficient CR-value. POLYSTYRENE insulation R-value: 0,893m2K/W

EXTERIOR

INTERIOR

INSULATION CHICKEN MESH REINFORCED CONCRETE WALL CEMENT BRICK VENEER HOUSE JOOSTE // A. DU PREEZ // PRETORIA

CONSTRUCTION DETAIL

Image 213 - 215 // By author, 2014

chapter 9 - technical resolution

South Africa has a climate well-suited for daily summer swimming and some pools are available in the winter. As a general rule of thumb, an adequate water winter temperature for swimming is about 26oC (Zungu, 2014), which is easily manageable with basic heating equipment. However, as a sustainable approach geothermal heating systems may be considered. The most generic description is simply the movement of heat or cold from one point to another. The best known method is to lay a series of High Density Plastic Pipes beneath the surface of the earth and use the constant temperature that the soil radiates as an energy source. The air temperature is constantly fluctuating due to changing weather patterns, but the earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s substrate layers stay constant for much longer. (SAAEA, 2010) The system can provide hot- or cold air and heated water. (Rainharvest, 2010)

173

9.3 geothermal heating

9.4 contract documentation

DEVELOPMENT SKETCHES Image 216 // By author, 2014

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Stub stack with 2-way VV and IE

RESTORATION AREA

Line of vents above (lintol height 3.5m)

96.300

hwb

LEGEND

3 060

1 260

BIC

200

ret

BW 1

STAIR NOTE: T: 250mm R: 200mm

lish

110

250

270 3 015 2 750 200 1m high handrail 800

200

BIS

100 1 035 1 645

BIC

94.800

22 0 89 W 0 11 1 GR ALK 0 0 AN WA 00 O 95 Sc .40 ree Y 0 d

drail

FBS Burgundy Pavers 6 17 95.400 5

720

TU CK ed SH OP 95 Co .40 nc s

BIS

95.300

Ring beam line above 1m high 3 105 balustrade

BW2

1.2 co m un hig h te r to p

210

BW 1

1m high balustrade

BIC

BW 1

94.800

1m high handrail

200

RAM PN Slop OTE: e 1:8

STAIR N T: 25 OTE: 0mm R: 20 0mm UP

2 335

95.300

110

RECEPTION

PARAPLEGIC CHANGE ROOM

D2 D2

BW 1

D2 D2

WC BW1

D1 D1

WC BW1

1m high handrail

Ring beam line above

95 .40 0

han

1.2m high counter top

card accessed entrance

BW2

CE IE

ch an ne l 110mm Ø uPVC storm water pipe fall 1:40

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

high

BIS

110

BW2

In-situ reinforced CONCRETE buttress 1 120

200

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

1 100

110

425

94.635

CE CE

200

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:12

200

95.050

CHANGE ROOM

WALKWAY

BW2

1 600

UP D9

DU CT

95.600

1m high handrail

1m high handrail 200

600mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

2 395 2 485

94.535

1m high balustrade

1m high handrail

1m high balustrade

1m high handrail

1 100

200

pg. 6

1m high balustrade

95.400

200

10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

FBS Burgundy Pavers 1 100

BIS

200

200mmx200mm reinforced CONCRETE column

ENTRANCE

3 500 200 Ring beam line above

BW1

Pre-cast floating GFRC walk-way to engineers UP specifications

100mm in-situ reinforced CONCRETE non-load bearing wall

1 415 D3

BW2

7 295

1m high handrail

425 BW2

4 100

1 555

425

100mm in-situ reinforced CONCRETE non-load bearing wall

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

1m high balustrade

strad e nted re CON inforc ed CRET E wa ll

Planter box

5 o sla

balu

200mm in-situ reinforced CONCRETE load bearing wall

pg. 5

800

BIS

200

GRANO screed 3 500 200

200 UP

200

BIS

Duct

high

Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beams

1 000

GEO- Outlet THERMAL Inlet ROOM

Planter box

200

1 000 W4

GRANO screed 200 3 500 200 200mm in-situ re-bar CONCRETE wall UP

Planter box

BIS 1 645

Line of window above

100

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

Planter box

BIS

Duct

PUMP ROOM

GRANO screed 3 500 200

BIS

100mm Ø uPVC rwp in 2 000mmx 200mm reinforced CONCRETE column to engineers specifications

200

T: 250mm R: 190mm

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

Duct

POOL STORE ROOM

Line of ramp above

ABE WATERPROOF SLURRY to be applied acc. to manufacturer specs

1 000 W4

425

GRANO screed 200 3 500 200 200mm in-situ re-bar CONCRETE wall

Natural pool

1 000

BIS

Duct

STORE ROOM

RESTORATION AREA

1 000

T: 250mm R: 190mm

600mm high reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

Pre-cast GFRC walkway to engineers specifications

1 000

pg. 7

3 300

1m high balustrade

6 900

1 000

2,5M high, 200mm reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

pg. 6

pg. 7

ABE DURA.PROOF HYDROCOTE waterproofing to manufacturer's specifications

WC BW 1

Heated air warms the pool water and two-way system heats the building in winter and cools in summer

Swimming pool to comply with FINA Part IX

POOL NOTE: Pool detailing in accordance with specialist

1 000

GEOTHERMAL NOTE: Triple function geothermal heat pump, with a desuperheater and high density POLYETHYLENE pipe add an air source heat pump

11 89 0 0 22 9 0 30 22 0

Stub stack with 2-way VV and IE

270

BW 2

250

BIS

1 450

250

2 250

BIS

2 500

250

2 250

1 3 70

2 500

250

2 250

STO

2 500

250

20 0

2 250

2 275 BW2

2 500

250

ing

2 250

2 1 00

2 500

250

20 0

2 250

2 500

250

40 0m m

2 250

1 6 70

2 500

250

20 0

2 250

1m high handrail

2 500

250

BIS

1 450

WC BW 1

420

270

110mm Ø uPVC soil pipe fall 1:40 to sump pump

110mm Ø uPVC downpipe

Date OUT

29/07/2014

Scale:

As indicated

Concrete screed 95.200

hw b

One thic acc

Gra

500

11 0

Thre to m

89 0

500

Line

11 57 0

WA L AN KW O A 95 Sc .4 re Y

110

20 0

HR BT

95 .40 0

D. CH AN 890 GE RO OM 110 890 S 110 890 BIS 110 9 BW 00 2

BIS BIS BIS

BW 2

1 0 70

pg. 10

120

420

23 0

GE RA

2 275 BW2

200mm thick reinforced CONCRETE load-bearing wall

STO

30m FH & FHR

pg. 10

14 13 12 11 10 9

uil

din

ing

eo 1 3 70 20 0

2 1 00

50 m wa m ste uPV pip C 22 0 e

20 0

1 6 70 20 0

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system to drain to PUMP ROOM One layer ABE DRAIN with dimples facing upwards atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS (fixed via Torch-fusion to surface) installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall 50mm Ø uPVC water pipe to pass through waterproofing and sealed according to manufacturer's specifications Graded medium backfill 500mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall with Board-form finish Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications to treated CONCRETE surface 500mm high CONCRETE wall with 1m high handrail Line of windows above (lintol height 4m)

179

Lin

se D2

40 0m m

ilt -

chapter 9 - technical resolution

BW2 2 225

1 2 3 4 5 6 7

1 2 00

1 260

3 9 00

110

3 060

DI SA BT BLE HR D M

FE D1

STAIR NOTE: T: 250mm R: 200mm

22 hw 0 89 b 0 11 8 0 90 11 8 0 90

38 10 BIC

BW 2

95 .40 0

BIS

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8 BIS

BIS

1m high handrail

425 D2

BIS

2 000 1 100 Planter box

Line of ramp above

BIS

PUMP ROOM

94.800

20 0

Uno b entra structe d nce stree from t

10 0 so mm il p ipe uPV C

U 50 m wa m ste uPV pip C WC BW e 1

hwb

200

ret

BIC

WC BW 1

WC BW1

BW 1

CE CE

Line of vents above (lintol height 3.5m)

96.300

BIC

110mm Ø uPVC downpipe

handra

220 1 300 1 770

BIC

Stub stack with 2-way VV and IE

1m high

BIS

FBS Burgundy Pavers 6 17 95.400 5

720

TU C lish K S ed HO 95 Co P .40 nc s

BIS

Ring beam line above 1m high 3 105 balustrade

BW2

1. co 2m un hig h te r to p

22 0 89 W 0 11 1 GR ALK 0 0 AN WA 00 O Y 95 Sc .40 r 0 eed

drail

RECEPTION

210

BW 1

1m high balustrade

200

STAIR N T: 25 OTE: 0 R: 20 mm 0mm UP

2 335

95.300

110

BW 1

94.800

1m high handrail

WC BW1 D2

BW 1

WC BW1

89 0 11 89 0 0 11 89 0 0 11 89 0 0 22 9 0 30 2

WC BW1

UP 250

270 3 015 2 750 200 1m high handrail 800 425

1.2m high counter top

BW2

200

1m high handrail

Ring beam line above

BW 2

RAM PN Slop OTE: e 1:8

1m high handrail

PARAPLEGIC CHANGE ROOM

In-situ reinforced CONCRETE buttress

200

card accessed entrance

C han

BIS

1 100

ch 95.300 an ne l 110mm Ø uPVC storm water pipe fall 1:40

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

95 .40 0

igh

BIS

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

110

BW2

110

1 100

200

425

hw b

1m h

94.635

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

1 120

1 100 D6

pg. 7

BW2

CE IE

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:12

110

95.050

CHANGE ROOM

WALKWAY

200

2 485

2 395

1 600

95.400

200

600mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

95.600

high handrail

200

1m high handrail

200mmx200mm reinforced CONCRETE column

10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

AMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

100mm in-situ reinforced CONCRETE non-load bearing wall

ENTRANCE

BIS

BW1

200

FBS Burgundy Pavers

3 500 200 Ring beam line above 200

DU CT

295

1 555

94.535

BW2

1 415 D3

ail

425 BW2

Planter box

pg. 6

orced earing wall

igh balu strad e nted reinfo CON rc ed CRE TE w all

200

100mm in-situ reinforced CONCRETE non-load bearing wall

Planter box

200

GRANO screed 3 500 200

200

1m h

100

BIS

BIS 1 645

BIS

GEO- Outlet THERMAL Inlet ROOM

200

BIS

Duct

5 o sla

800

Line of ramp above UP

Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beams

1 000 W4

GRANO screed 200 3 500 200 200mm in-situ re-bar CONCRETE wall UP

Planter box

BIS

Duct

PUMP ROOM

GRANO screed 3 500 200

T: 250mm R: 190mm

200

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

Planter box

Duct

POOL STORE ROOM

1 000

425

GRANO screed 200 3 500 200 200mm in-situ re-bar CONCRETE wall 11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

1 000

BIS

Duct

1 000

STORE ROOM

B 1 000

100 1 035 1 645

1 000

d er

pg. 6

pg. 7

1 000

2,5M high, 200mm reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

220mmx110mmx73mm specification) non-lo

One layer ABE DRA INDEXTENE DEFEND H ABE UNIGUM MS fixe 100mm wide waterp specifications - t

1 300

3 700

R 3 700

50 00 50 00

Skylight line above

Polished concrete 97.780

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

e lin g One layer ABE DRAIN atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS waterproofing installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall

500mm high CONCRETE wall with 1m high handrail 20 0 2 9 50

500mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall with Board-form finish

97.750

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

VAULT ROOF NOTE: According to DETAIL E

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

rc 3 700

A -T ec h.

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

DRAINAGE NOTE: All pipes that pass underneath the building to be embedded in a 100mm Ø concrete sleeve. 1000mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

3 700

tu r

20 0

5 00 0

HONEYCOMB WALL NOTE: 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) non-load bearing wall. Honeycomb bond (min. overlap of 50mm) with flush joints

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

20 0

RAM P Slop NOTE: e 1:12 1 300

All WHB's and SH's to uPVC wp's. All WC's to have 100 Drainage to connec (SS). Inspection Eyes (IE) all connection poin Cleaning Eyes (CE) in 25m intervals unle otherwise. All SS to be 100mm All storm water to co onto street of conne municipal storm wa with 200mm Ø. concrete pipe.

BASEMENT FLOOR PLAN Scale 1:100

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

Name

t on

be low 5 00 0 Lin eo fs tru ct ure

1m high GSEducationalVersion

3 700

DRAINAGE &

All exterior and inte buildings to be remo service ducts unless otherwise.

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system to drain to PUMP ROOM

3m high, 200mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

3 700

BIL - Built-in lockers BIS - Built-in seat BIC - Built-in cupboa

97.750

ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

ABBREVIATIO

Line of beam above

GRANO screed

95.300

D 12

1000mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

600mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

3 3 35

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

20 0

pg. 5

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

BIC

COURTYARD

OUTSIDE WALKWAY

500mmx140mmx90mm Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam

11 pip 0mm em Ø in u PU . fa PVC MP ll o w RO f 1:4 ater OM 0 to

2 725

500mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

Roof overhang

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

PUMP ROOM BELOW

97.680

Reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

BOARDROOM

BIC

ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

96.300

Line of windows below (lintol height 500mm)

1m high handrail

3 300

760

2 1 15

BW2

balu strad

50 0

BW2

750 Skylight line above

20 00

drail

5 00 0

han

balustra de

high

RAM PN Slop OTE: e 1:8

high

STAIR N T: 25 OTE: 0mm R: 20 0mm

pg. 7

RAM PN Slop OTE: e 1:8

95.600

rein 600mm forc high e reta d CON C inin g w RETE all

D 11

5 6 7

200

97.780

95.300

10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

Custom made reinforced CONCRETE column 2 840

14 13 12 11 10 9

97.780

ild

1m high handrail

CO NC RE TE 1 2 3 4 wa 5 ll w 731 11 ith 0m Bo ard min m Ø fo . fa uP rm V ll fin sto of 1 C w ish rm :40 ate 11 wa to r 0m te sec pipe min m rc ha ond . fa Ø u nn ll o PVC el f1 :40 storm to PU wa MP ter RO pip OM e

pg. 6

1m high balustrade

BIS

STAIR NOTE: T: 250mm R: 200mm

1 215

BW1

600mmx140mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

1 250

OFFICE 2

FBS Burgundy Pavers

97.780

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

1m high honeycomb CEMENT brick balustrade wall

OFFICE 1

FBS Burgundy Pavers Custom made reinforced CONCRETE column

hit

BW2

1 930 Ring beam line above 2.5m high honeycomb CEMENT brick nonload bearing wall

ke rb

10 slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

BW1

BW2

Ring beam line above

BW2

Planter box

DOUBLE VOLUME In-situ reinforced CONCRETE buttress

1 000

4 100

1m high balustrade

D 10

BIS

200mmx200mm reinforced concrete column

BIC

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

BIC W6

35 00 m

pg. 5

200mmx200mm reinforced concrete column

425

BIC Ring beam line above

of ro ad

200mmx200mm reinforced concrete column

BIS

880 BW2

R 1 090mm

WAITING AREA

230

BIS

425

D 11

2 050

Massage table

HOT ROOM

CEMENT screed fall BW1 1:100

BW2

STAINLESS STEEL FBS Burgundy Pavers Movement joint 97.780

110mm Ø uPVC water pipe min. fall of 1:40 to second water channel

BIS

pg. 8

BW2

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

Roof overhang

2 4 00

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

Line of beam above 600mmx140mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

Line of vault

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

97.750

11 0m min m Ø . fa uP ll o VC f1 w :40 ate to r p du ipe ct

600mmx140mmx90mm precast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid over drain channel

94.635

BW2

10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall

95.300

GRANO screed

1 100

97.750

BIL

500mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall with Board-form finish

OUTSIDE WALKWAY

Reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

500mm high CONCRETE wall with 1m high handrail

110mm Ø. uPVC soil pipe min. fall of 1:40 to duct

520

1m high handrail

LEGEND

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

eo fb ( Ke Life uild ep Gu ing a er an rd, abo d F Tim ve irst e Aid )

45 80

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

BIL & BIS

1m high handrail

One layer ABE DRAIN atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS waterproofing installed according to manufacturer's specifications to receive protection wall

98.800

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:12

10mm deep cutout of floor finish

BIL & BIS sh 1m high handrail

1m high handrail

UP 94.635

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

1000mmx2300mmx 100mm GFRC mould spaced 500mm c.c.

BIL & BIS

5 00 0

3 300

Pre-cast GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications

Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam

BIL & BIS

11 2 0 70 50 0

Line of windows below (lintol height 500mm)

Lin

Groove in floor

BIL & BIS

1m high handrail RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

T: 250mm R: 190mm

Pre-cast floating GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

Planter box

T: 250mm R: 190mm

6 900

Natural pool

11 10 9 8 7 6 5 4 3 2 UP 1

BIL & BIS sh

1m high handrail

BIL & BIS

1m high balustrade

Starting pad no. 1

Starting pad no. 2

96.750

BIL & BIS

RESTORATION AREA

Starting pad no. 3

TREE LEGEND

Lin e

Groove in floor

Starting pad no. 4

2 0 00

X 1 300

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system to drain to PUMP ROOM

50 00

600mm high reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

Groove in floor

1 2

pg. 6

pg. 7

4 3 2 1

Starting pad no. 5

50 0

Concrete polished

BIS

Starting pad no. 6

W 3 700

Podium area

1m high handrail

Swimming pool to comply with FINA Part IX

Starting pad no. 7

V 1 300

4 100

POOL NOTE: Pool detailing in accordance with specialist

Starting pad no. 8

U 3 700

ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:12

Starting pad no. 9

T 1 300

3m high, 200mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

08 13

ABE DURA.PROOF HYDROCOTE waterproofing to manufacturer's specifications

1 300

6 900

N 3 700

COURTYARD

M 1 300

1 380

L 3 700

420

K 1 300

1 170

J 3 700

230

H 1 300

2 035

G 3 700

3 440

F 1 300

E 3 700

pg. 9

D 1 300

3 670

C 3 700

230

B 3 700

Line of vault

J.P. Myburgh 20

Project description

The design of a swimming pool Central. Date OUT

29/07/2014

Scale:

As indicated

Date IN

4/09

Slope 1:12

Podium area

D 11

5 6 7

50 0

2 1 15

BW2

BOARDROOM Polished concrete

BIC

97.780

COURTYARD

420

1 380 W6

97.680

2 725

Reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

COURTYARD

Skylight line above

pg. 5

D 12

BIC

500mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

1000mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

ke rb

lin

GRANO screed 97.750

Line of beam above

of ro ad Lin e

600mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

OUTSIDE WALKWAY

ild

Roof overhang

5 00 0

ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

500mmx140mmx90mm

BW2

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

Line of windows below (lintol height 500mm)

GREEN LIVING 45o slanted green wall and perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

97.780

1 170

760 200

750 Skylight line above

BW2

181

CO NC RE TE 1 2 3 4 wa 5 ll w 731 11 ith 0m Bo ar mi m Ø dn. fo fa uPV rm ll o C fin sto f 1 w ish rm :40 ate 11 w r t o p at 0m ipe se e mi m r c co n. Ø ha nd u fa nn ll o PVC el f1 :40 stor to m w PU MP ater RO pip OM e

Custom made reinforced CONCRETE column 2 840

14 13 12 11 10 9

97.780

5 00 0

1 215

BIS

OFFICE 2

FBS Burgundy Pavers

35 00 m

pg. 6

600 mm high ced C ainin ONCR E gw all TE

STAIR NOTE: T: 250mm R: 200mm

1 250

Custom made reinforced CONCRETE column

chapter 9 - technical resolution

Ring beam line above

ced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish BW1

1m high honeycomb CEMENT brick balustrade wall

Ring beam line above

ETE buttress

2.5m high honeycomb CEMENT brick nonload bearing wall

pg. 9

DOUBLE VOLUME

1 000

BW2

BIC

OFFICE 1

97.780

Line of vault

200mmx200mm reinforced concrete column

10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

BIS

BIC

FBS Burgundy Pavers

230

425

D 10

1 930 Ring beam line above

3 670

880 BW2

STAINLESS STEEL Movement joint

R 1 090mm

WAITING AREA

230

425

BIC

D 11

2 050

BIS

BW2

CEMENT screed fall BW1 1:100

Line of vault

97.780

FBS Burgundy Pavers

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

HOT ROOM

BIS

pg. 8

CEMENT screed fall 1:100

110mm Ø uPVC water pipe min. fall of 1:40 to second water channel

600mmx140mmx90mm precast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid over drain channel

Roof overhang

2 4 00

600mmx140mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid spaced over drain channel

1 100

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

Planter box

95.300

94.635

l 1:100

BIL

Line of beam above

Reinforced CONCRETE wall with Board-form finish

1m high handrail

97.750

11 0m mi m Ø n. fa uPV ll o C f1 w :40 ate to r p du ipe ct

520

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

1m high handrail

50 00

BIL & BIS

1m high handrail

1m high handrail UP

BIL & BIS sh

GRANO screed

eo fb ( K e Life u i l d e p Gu i n g a er an rd, abo d F Tim ve irst e Aid )

98.800

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:12

10mm deep cutout of floor finish

500mm thick reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall with Board-form finish

OUTSIDE WALKWAY

Lin

Groove in floor

BIL & BIS

500mm high CONCRETE wall with 1m high handrail

110mm Ø. uPVC soil pipe min. fall of 1:40 to duct

230

Starting pad no. 1

Starting pad no. 2

45 80

Starting pad no. 3

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

3 440

pg. 6

1 2

Groove in floor

One layer ABE DRAIN atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS waterproofing installed according to manufacturer's specifications to receive protection wall

50 00

600mm high reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

oofing to

tarting ad no. 4

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system to drain to PUMP R

Concrete polished

Part IX

2 035

1m high handrail

ecialist

3 103.120 ROOF APEX LEVEL 3 101.950 ROOF APEX LEVEL

-01 LOWER GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

Reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

W 10

97.780 UFFL

Line of floor below NGL

Line of NGL OUTSIDE WALKWAY

50mmx5mm STEEL flat with POWDER COAT finish

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

CEMENT brick

Honeycomb CEMENT brick D9

BATHROOM ENTRANCE Honeycomb wall

CONCRETE board-form

500mmx255mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

UFFL

1 300

D 11

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

94.635 UFFL

CEMENT brick

ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY 95.350

W 10

Reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

NORTH SECTIONAL ELEVATION Scale 1:100

CEMENT brick

UFFL

0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

W 10

2 100.000 RING BEAM LEVEL NGL 1 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

CO boa

D7 D3

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing

600mmx170mm reinforced CON foundation ac engineer's speci

3 700

1 300

3 7

FLAT ROOF NOTE: Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications with 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE - ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

45o SLANTED GREEN WALL: GREEN LIVING perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

VAULT ROOF NOTE: According to DETAIL E HONEYCOMB WALL NOTE: According to DETAIL 1

3 ROOF APEX LEVEL 3 101.950 ROOF APEX LEVEL 103.120

100.000

Honeycomb CEMENT brick

ONCRETE ard-form D1

CONCRETE board-form D9

Honeycomb CEMENT brick

CONCRETE board-form D1

UFFL

Line of demolished canal

1000mmx2300mmx100mm GFRC mould Reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall with counter-flashing

CONCRETE board-form D1

Pre-cast floating GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications

97.780 UFFL

Pre-cast GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications

1m high handrail

95.350 UFFL 94.635 UFFL

600mmx140mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

m strip NCRETE cc. to ification

800mmx200mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE drain channel

SUB-FLOOR NOTE: 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder

700

110mm Ø uPVC storm water pipe fall 1:40 to sump pump

1 300

3 700

TANKING NOTE: One layer ABE DRAIN atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS waterproofing (fixed via Torch-fusion to surface) installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall and 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

800mmx170mm strip reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

BACKFILL NOTE: Top soil composed of organic matter and minerals, filter medium and transition layer (Course sand)

1 300

3 700

Reinforced CONCRETE retaining wall

2 RING BEAM LEVEL 1 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL -01 LOWER GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

183

CEMENT brick

chapter 9 - technical resolution

CEMENT brick

Scale 1:100

1 300

3 700

1 300

Scale 1:100

GSEducationalVersion

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

UFFL

1000mmx2300mmx100mm in-situ GFRC mould fixed between wall ties Pre-cast floating GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications Pre-cast GFRC walk-way to engineers specifications

50mmx50mmx3mm STEEL equal angle with POWDER COAT finish and 1680mmx 450mmx25mm GFRC mould fixed to equal angle - 5mm thick translucent PERSPEX FROST

200

HALL

W2 D2

CEMENT screed fall 1:100 400mmx170mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8

3 700

1 300

BIC

Honeycomb wall W2

170

2 285

170

200 Line of demolished canal

Line of vault roof

190mmx190mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE vault

1680mmx450mmx25mm in-situ GFRC mould spaced 500mm c.c.

1 300

3 494

UFFL

94.635 UFFL

SECTION A-A

3 700

1800mm outer radius pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE curved lintol with drip

0 95.350 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL -01 LOWER GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

1 000

1 97.780 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

1 300

In-situ cast reinforced CONCRETE roof - acts as cross-bracing for CONCRETE walls

3 103.120 ROOF APEX LEVEL 3 101.950 ROOF APEX LEVEL 2 100.000 RING BEAM LEVEL

3 700

Board con RAMP Slop

D1 1/7

Line of structure

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 7

VAULT ROOF NOTE: According to DETAIL E HONEYCOMB WALL NOTE: According to DETAIL 1

W 10

W 11

450mm deep REINFORCED CONCRETE ring beam

LWAY

D 10

D 11

Movement Line of structure joint

Line of structure

1m high handrail

400mmx170mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

D2 2/7

3 700

BIC

2000mmx170mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

OFFICE 2 BIC

2000mmx170mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

1 300

3 700

UFFL

97.780 UFFL

CEMENT screed 1:100

Thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

95.350

UFFL 94.635

800mmx255mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

SUB-FLOOR NOTE: 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder 1 300

Board-form concrete

OFFICE 1

Pre-cast lintol over drain

UFFL

3 700

1 300

3 700

1 300

3 700

hw ch Te of

1 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL -01 LOWER GROUND FLOOR LEVEL Name

BACKFILL NOTE: Top soil composed of organic matter and minerals, filter medium and transition layer (Course sand)

e an

EXHIBITION SPACE

2 RING BEAM LEVEL

Line of NGL

100.000 NGL

D ep ar tm

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing

W 10

3 ROOF APEX LEVEL 3 101.950 ROOF APEX LEVEL 103.120

D3 3/7

185

Line of vault roof

W 10

t ac

u oc

chapter 9 - technical resolution

Board-form concrete BIC

HOT ROOM

1800mm outer radius pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE curved lintol with drip W9

50mmx50mmx3mm STEEL equal angle with POWDER COAT finish fixed to reinforced CONCRETE ring beam and 1680mmx 450mmx25mm GFRC mould fixed to equal angle - 5mm thick translucent PERSPEX FROST laid between moulds

3 700

ct ur

1 300

ite

3 700

rc h

1 300

3 700

45o SLANTED GREEN WALL: GREEN LIVING perforated cells installed acc. to manufacturer specification

d-form ncrete P NOTE: pe 1:8

700

1 300

-T ec h.

3 700

1 300

1 060

3 700

J.P. Myburgh 2090737

Project description

1 300

The design of a public swimming pool for Pre Central. Date OUT

29/07/2014

Scale:

As indicated

Date IN

4/09/2014

3 ROOF APEX LEVEL

103.120

220mmx110mmx73xmm CEMENT brick with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification). Brick-on-edge, Stack bond and flush joints. Exterior aesthetic finish.

FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

340mm deep in-situ reinforced CONCRETE ring beam to distribute vault load

0 OUTSIDE WALKWAY LEVEL 0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

In-situ reinforced CONCRETE butress spaced according to grid layout with 200mm wide Board-form finish 200mm 10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE load-bearing wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish and foundation

-01 LOWER GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

SECTION B-B Scale 1:50 100mmx2720mm high in-situ cast reinforced CONCRETE non-load-bearing wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish

98.630 UFFL

POOL NOTE: Swimming pool to comply with FINA Part IX

97.780

Pool detailing in accordance with specialist

UFFL

GRANO screed fall 1:4

96.250 UFFL 95.350 UFFL 94.635

TIMBER SLATS RUBBER membrane Equal angle Burgundy brick

650

Movement joint

UFFL

310

103.125

Shower with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish

2 160

1 GRASS TERRACE LEVEL 3 ROOF APEX LEVEL 1

UFFL

1 b

Two layers 220mmx110mmx73xmm CEMENT brick with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification). Brick-on-edge, Stack bond and flush joints.

100.000

960

190mmx190mm Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE vault. To support brick vault roof

2 RING BEAM LEVEL

DUCT 1 000

In-situ cast reinforced CONCRETE roof. Acts as cross-bracing for CONCRETE walls.

Thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification POOL WINDOW NOTE: 50mm thick ACRYLITE GP acrylic sheet, fixed with 2 part polymerizable cement, proper cementing techniques utilized acc. to manufacturer's specifications ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant Protection of 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

1 Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications with 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE - ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

One layer 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge

50mmx50mmx3mm hot-dipped GALVANIZED MILD STEEL equal angle fixed to CONCRETE wall with GALVANIZED MILD STEEL M8 expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled hole

190mm thick reinforced CONCRETE rib to engineer's specifications

410

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane

00mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel 900mmx200mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE drain channel

Internal sill CEMENT brick Stack Bond 80°

400mmx255mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) Geo-textile pipe system

CEMENT brick, Brickon-edge lintol

Board-form finish

CEMENT brick, non-load bearing Honeycomb wall

Toughened glass handrail

CEMENT brick, Brickon-edge sill

1 420

RECEPTION In-situ reinforced CONCRETE buttress

Plaster & paint

80°

SUB-FLOOR NOTE: 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder TANKING NOTE: One layer ABE DRAIN atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS waterproofing (fixed via Torch-fusion to surface) installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall and 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

3 300

4 100

2 770

100.000 UFFL

98.630 UFFL 97.780 UFFL

100mm Ø uPVC pipe at end of channel

450

650mmx255mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

2 RIN

1 GR

1 FIR

190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block with cement fill 96.250 UFFL

CONCRETE polished floor finish

BACKFILL NOTE: Top soil composed of organic matter and minerals, filter medium and transition layer (Course sand) 6 900

95°

BIC

GRANO screed

400mmx255mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

450mm thick 5o slanted reinforced CONCRETE load-bearing wall

Built-in TIMBER desk

FBS Burgundy Pavers

DPC

Honeycomb brick non-load bearing wall built with temporary formwork

2 975

Cement brick

5mm RHYNOLITE PLASTER paint white

ENTRANCE LOBBY

2 975

1 000

GRANO screed fall 1:100

BIS

HALLWAY

External sill CEMENT BRICK Brick-on-edge

Graded growing medium

440

4 600

170 150

GRANO screed fall 1:100

340

15mm thick TOUGHENED GLASS balustrade fixed with STAINLESS STEEL studs and PVC washer

200

255

2 220

1 000

170

150

800

800mm high 100mmx75mm STEEL equal angle VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish paraplegic handrail embedded in CONCRETE handrail

Board-form finish

200mm slanted REINFORCED CONCRETE structural wall at 10o with 200mm wide Boardform finish

HOT ROOM

100

800

1m high reinforced CONCRETE handrail

screed GRANO Textured

One layer ABE DRAIN with dimples facing upwards atop one layer ABE INDEX DEFEND H anti-root BITUMINOUS membrane atop one layer 4mm ABE UNIGUM MS fixed via Torch-fusion to surface installed according to manufacturer's specifications

170

100mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE canopy with weather drip

SAND-CEMENT screed to fall 1:50

40m

900mmx200mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE drain channel

D4 4/7

0 OU

187

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

95.350 UFFL

0 GR

chapter 9 - technical resolution

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE (High Density Polyethylene) Geo-textile pipe system

3 RO

Waterproofing tucked into CONCRETE wall, 200mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE over 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

60 0m m

Custom made POTTORFF remote manual control Damper. VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish. System installed acc. to manufacturers specifications.

RAMP NOTE: 1:8 ratio

103.120

94.635 UFFL

-01 LO

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant Protection of 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE

100mmx2720mm high in-situ cast reinforced CONCRETE non-load-bearing wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish 200mmx2720mm high in-situ reinforced CONCRETE loadbearing wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish and foundation to carry load of CONCRETE wall

110mm Ă&#x2DC; DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

2 RING BEAM LEVEL

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

200

100.000

UFFL

220mmx5820mm high CEMENT brick with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) non-load-bearing wall. Honeycomb bond with min. overlap of 50mm. Acts as a semi-divider.

97.785

UFFL

400

150

85mm thick reinforced CONCRETE surface bed

STRUCTURAL EXPLOSION

IN-SITU cast reinforced CONCRETE surface bed - GRANO finish

10 o

85 115 140

1 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL

60 C sp

500

150

EDGE DETAIL D - Vault roof a Scale 1:20

Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally

3 ROOF PEX LEVEL

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

280

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

200

100.000

73 200

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications 170

2 RING BEAM LEVEL

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Soldier Bond ensure to line up with vault roof construction

3 ROOF APEX LEVEL 103.125

990m

110

Reinforced 220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENTCONCRETE brick Stacktoe Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally Weepholes every 3rd perpendicular 2400mmx300mmx25mm thick ISOBOARD high density 32-36kg/m³ rigid extrudedjoint POLYSTYRENE insulation boarding laid horizontal with shiplap joints to be fixed in position with recommended adhesive according to manufacturers specifications

450

Protection of 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE

R=1

Cement filler

600

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

103.125

450mm deep reinforced CONCRETE ring beam with 200mm wide Boardform finish to provide lateral support between the CONCRETE walls

2 RING BEAM LEVEL 100.000

STAINLESS STEEL mesh and 10mm mortar 5mm RHYNOLITE PLASTER paint white

UFFL

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge Weather drip Bevelled edge

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

2 215 10

280

500

900mmx200mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE drain channel

EXTERNAL WALKWAY 150

990m m Custom size load-bearing reinforced CONCRETE column with Board-form finish to engineer's specifications

50mmx50mm STEEL equal angle skirting with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to structural wall with flat 450mm deep reinforced CONCRETE 2 RING 1 FIRST CONCRETE and washer in prering beamhead with 200mm widescrew Boardholeslateral support BEAM LEVEL form finish drilled to provide

FLOOR LEVEL

100.000

UFFL

600mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

100mm Ø uPVC pipe at end of channel to sump pump

GRANO screed

97.785

UFFL

SUB-FLOOR NOTE: 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder

LOBBY AREA

Line water channel

Board-form finish

EDGE DETAIL D - Vault roof and external walkway connection

97.785

115

Bevelled edge

Line of foundation

1:20

50 400 Weather drip

Overhang note: Overhang span between 2 concrete walls for 3 390mm

Scale 1 FIRST OOR LEVEL

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Soldier Bond Board-form finish ensure to line up with vault roof construction

between the CONCRETE walls IN-SITU cast reinforced CONCRETE polished floor

2 215

150

73 200

GRANO screed fall 1:100

2 250

400

OKE PLASTIC spacer, fixed with mortar 5mm RHYNOLITE PLASTER paint white 140

UFFL

100mm Ø uPVC pipe at end of channel to sump pump

200 85 115 140

UFFL

IN-SITU cast reinforced CONCRETE surface bed - GRANO finish

170

Three coats 2-3kg/m ABE WATERPROOFING

2 RING 1 FIRST SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied AM FLOOR LEVEL LEVEL according to manufacturer's specifications 97.785

Weepholes every 3rd perpendicular joint

600mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel

100.000

Reinforced CONCRETE toe

450

Protection of 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE

R=1

Cement filler

110

600

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

2 250

Overhang note: Overhang span between 2 concrete walls for 3 390mm

LOBBY AREA

TANKING NOTE: Board-form finish One layer ABE DRAIN with dimples facing upwards atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS (fixed via Torch-fusion to surface) with 75mm overlaps and 100mm wide waterproofing tape installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall and 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

Custom size load-bearing reinforced CONCRETE column with Board-form finish to engineer's specifications

50mmx50mm STEEL equal angle skirting with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to structural wall with flat head CONCRETE screw and washer in predrilled holes IN-SITU cast reinforced

1 FIRST FLOOR LEVEL 97.785

189

Board-form finish

chapter 9 - technical resolution

EXTERNAL WALKWAY

220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally

POTTORFF top blade flashing to prevent water ingress with POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish Custom made POTTORFF remote manual control damper with two coats POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish - system installed acc. to manufacturers specifications POTTORFF bottom blade flashing to prevent water ingress with POWDER COAT Black finish 3mm thick translucent PERSPEX FROST laid between moulds 50mmx50mmx3mm STEEL equal angle with pre-drilled holes and VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to ring beam with expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled hole

50mmx50mmx3mm GALVANIZED MILD STEEL equal angle fixed to structural wall with M8 expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled hole - gap filled with mortar

Reinforced CONCRETE ring beam with 200mm wide Board-form finish

HOT ROOM

External lintol: 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Brick-on-edge fixed between buttresses Honeycomb CEMENT brick sunscreen built with temporary formwork before window is installed

mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing

D6 6/7

50mmx50mmx3mm purpose made STEEL angle with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish to be fixed with flat head CONCRETE screw and washer

340

Pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE roof overhang with PLASCON NUROOF COOL black paint finish

110

D5 5/7

INLET

220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally 2400mmx300mmx25mm thick ISOBOARD high density rigid extruded POLYSTYRENE insulation boarding laid horizontal with shiplap joints to be fixed in position with recommended adhesive according to manufacturers specifications 2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications STAINLESS STEEL mesh and 10mm mortar 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge

0mm

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane end lap two brick courses below ring beam - installed according to manufacturer's specifications Weepholes every 3rd perpendicular joint 65

50mmx50mmx3mm GALVANIZED MILD STEEL equal angle fixed to structural wall with M8 expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled hole - gap filled with mortar

2 RING BEAM LEVEL 100.000

UFFL 100

200

chapter 8 - final design

450mm deep reinforced CONCRETE ring beam with 200mm wide Boardform finish to provide lateral support between the CONCRETE walls

191

Reinforced CONCRETE kick toe

2 34

450

340

CEMENT brick Brick-on-edge

CEMENT filler

5mm RHYNOLITE PLASTER paint white

INLET

Purpose made ALUMINIUM frame with 2mx75mmx16mm TIMBER slats fixed with selftapping screws

W 12

170

IN-SITU cast reinforced CONCRETE polished floor

200

100

Honeycomb CEMENT brick sunscreen

CHANGE ROOM

Weather drip

15mm thick TOUGHENED glass fixed with STAINLESS STEEL studs and PVC washer - M6 STAINLESS STEEL threaded rods anchored with chemical mortar into pre-drilled holes

200

2 987

1m high handrail

110

1 000

1 650

170 110

190

190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block over weepholes

150

600

150

400

OUTLET

RAMP NOTE: Slope 1:8 Line of structure

Waterproofing to receive ALUMINIUM counter-flashing

270

220mmx110mmx73mm FBS Burgundy Pavers sealed with ABE WALLSEAL

500mmx270mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

DPC 255

Built-in bench with hidden door lock mechanism

190

220m Pave

LAFARGE purpose made precast reinforced CONCRETE beams fixed with mortar joints 230mm c.c.

140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam

230

100

D7 7/7

Approved sealer tape over waterproofing

lin

1 420 50mm Ø purpose made OKE plastic spacers fixed with Structural adhesive 120mm c.c. installed according to manufacturer

Three coats 2-3kg/m ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY applied acc. to manufacturer's specifications

Honeycomb wall wraps around CONCRETE column carrying wall and floor slab

Pit

HALLWAY

Board-form finish

220mmx110mmx73mm FBS Burgundy Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge

110

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

400

4 600

80mmx80mmx4mm STEEL equal angle with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to structural wall with M8 expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled holes - gap filled with mortar

ENTRANCE LOBBY

FLOOR LEVEL 97.780

UFFL

200mm 10o slanted reinforced CONCRETE loadbearing wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish

Cement brick

100mmx25mm TIMBER SLATS fixed with self-tapping screw through RUBBER membrane to GALVANIZED MILD STEEL Equal angle frame - fixed to wall and floor ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant

800mmx140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel 100mm Ø uPVC pipe at end of channel to sump pump

85 115 140

255

60 100 85

50mmx50mm STEEL equal angle skirting with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to structural wall with flat head CONCRETE screw and washer in pre-drilled holes mmx110mmx50mm FBS Burgundy ers and sealer floor finish

Line of structure 500mmx270mm thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation acc. to engineer's specification

110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system SUB-FLOOR NOTE: 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder

500 TANKING NOTE: One layer ABE DRAIN with dimples facing upwards atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS (fixed via Torchfusion to surface) with 75mm overlaps and 100mm wide waterproofing tape installed according to manufacturer's specifications - to receive protection wall and 110mm Ø DRAINEX HDPE Geo-textile pipe system

150

600

0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

10mmx30mmx30mm OKE PLASTIC spacer fixed with MORTAR

95.350

UFFL

-01 LOWER GR FLOOR LEVEL 150

400

900mmx200mm pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE drain channel

94.635

UFFL

chapter 8 - final design

In-situ reinforced CONCRETE buttress spaced acc. to grid layout with 200mm wide Board-form finish

193

190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block with cement fill

Name

J.P.

Project de

The swim Ce

DETAIL 3 - Vault gable end Scale 1:10

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications

220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally with flush joints

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge with flush joints

2400mmx300mmx25mm thick ISOBOARD rigid extruded POLYSTYRENE insulation boarding laid horizontal with shiplap joints to be fixed in position with recommended adhesive according to manufacturers specifications

110

1680mmx500mm profile 30mmx30mmx3mm STEEL equal angle frame with pre-drilled holes and VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish fixed to ring beam

Reinforced CONCRETE kick toe

Weepholes every 3rd perpendicular joint

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick sunscreen with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) Honeycomb bond (min. overlap of 50mm) with flush joint

3mm thick translucent PERSPEX FROST laid between moulds

80째

220

100.000

110

External lintol: 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Brick-on-edge fixed between buttresses

340

50mmx50mmx3mm GALVANIZED STEEL equal angle fixed to structural wall with M8 expansion bolt and washer in pre-drilled hole - gap filled with mortar

50mmx50mmx3mm purpose made STEEL angle with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish to be fixed with flat head M4 CONCRETE screw and washer Purpose made clip-in system ALUMINIUM window opens to inside

DETAIL 5 - Ring beam connections

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick sunscreen with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) Honeycomb bond (min. overlap of 50mm) with flush joint

110

Scale 1:10

Purpose made clip-in system ALUMINIUM window opens to inside

DETAIL 5 - Ring beam connections Scale 1:10

110

Purpose made clip-in system ALUMINIUM window opens to inside

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick sunscreen with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) Honeycomb bond (min. overlap of 50mm) with flush joint

220 Internal sill: 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond fixed to wall ties between buttresses

110

External sill: 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Brick-on-edge fixed to wall ties between buttresses

200mm thick 10o in-situ reinforced CONCRETE wall with 200mm wide Board-form finish

ALUMINIUM counter-flashing secured with lead wedge and approved sealant Protection of 50mm thick layer clean 19-25mm CRUSHED STONE

80째

50mmx50mmx3mm purpose made STEEL angle with VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish to be fixed with flat head M4 CONCRETE screw black and washer 97.780

170

Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY CEMENT based to be applied according to manufacturer's specifications

460

2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications

SAND-CEMENT screed fall 1:40

Scale 1:10 GSEducationalVersion

chapter 10 - conclusion

DETAIL 6 - Window sill

195

200

220mmx110mmx73mm pre-cast CEMENT brick with holes with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) Brick-onedge lintol M8 STEEL Re-bar

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) non-load bearing wall, Honeycomb bond (min. overlap of 50mm)

12mm MORTAR Light grey flush joints

220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick with holes with uneven ratio 6:1 mix (to engineer's specification) Brick-on-edge sill

M8 STEEL Re-bar

DETAIL 1 - Honeycomb wall GSEducationalVersion

190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block with CEMENT fill against CONCRETE wall. Protects and seals waterproofing.

600mmx90mm Pre-cast REINFORCED CONCRETE beam laid loose between spacers over drain channel. Allows water to seep through gaps.

10mmx30mmx30mm OKE PLASTIC spacers, fixed with mortar

Precast reinforced CONCRETE surface, Polished finish with thickened reinforced CONCRETE foundation

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197

chapter 10 - conclusion

450mm thick 5o slanted reinforced CONCRETE load-bearing wall

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100mm thick SAND-CEMENT screed blinder

J.P. Myburgh 2

Project description

DETAIL 4 - Gutter installation

The design of a swimming poo Central. Date OUT

29/07/2014

Scale:

As indicated

Date

. to manufacturer's specs) t strengthened clear

ed clear

th pre-drilled holes and VEDOC VP ck finish, fixed with GALVANIZED PLYWOOD wall plate

NE matt black

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1Â 000

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rtar

60mmx60mmx4mm STEEL equal angle VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish

sive bituminous waterproofing anufacturer's specifications

M6 flat head CONCRETE screw

ROOF NOTE: to SANS 10400: XA, for a suitable CRe it must at least have a double brick with a cavity insulation of 0,5 R-value to secure a sufficient CR-value.

220mmx110mmx50mm FBS Burgundy Pavers and sealer floor finish 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed, ABE waterproofing membrane, 100mm thick CONCRETE base on 85mm thick SAND-CEMENT blinder 95.350

25 200

DETAIL 2 - Glass balustrade Scale 1:10

UFFL

0 GROUND FLOOR LEVEL

M10 STAINLESS STEEL threaded rod, drilled 80mm into concrete floor fixed with anchor adhesive

100

CLEAR VIEW BALUSTRADES CC STAINLESS STEEL Counter sunken screw studs and PVC washer spaced 400mm c.c.

100

POLYSTYRENE insulation R-value: 0,893m2K/W

220mmx110mmx73mm NFP protection wall

1m high 15mm thick TOUGHENED GLASS balustrade - installed according to manufacturer's specifications 60mmx60mmx4mm STEEL equal angle VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish

M10 STAINLESS STEEL threaded rod, drilled 80mm into concrete floor fixed with anchor adhesive

CLEAR VIEW BALUSTRADES CC STAINLESS STEEL Counter sunken screw studs and PVC washer spaced 400mm c.c.

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199

chapter 10 - conclusion

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J.P. Myburgh 20907

DETAIL 2 - Glass balustrade

Project description

The design of a pub swimming pool for Central. Date OUT

29/07/2014

Scale:

As indicated

Date IN

4/09/2014

140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam Built-in TIMBER bench

190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block

STAINLESS STEEL purpose made door lock mechanism installed beneath bench to engineer's specifications

Weep holes Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY applied according to manufacturer's specifications

Approved sealer tape over waterproofing

220mmx110mmx73mm FBS Burgundy Pavers sealed with ABE WALLSEAL

SAND-CEMENT screed to fall 1:100

50mm Ă&#x2DC; purpose made OKE PLASTIC spacers fixed with Structural adhesive 120mm c.c. installed according to manufacturer

85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed

One layer ABE DRAIN with dimples facing upwards LAFARGE purpose made pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE atop one layer 4mm thick ABE UNIGUM MS (fixed via beams fixed with mortar joints 230mm c.c. Torch-fusion to surface) installed according to manufacturer's specifications

140mmx90mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE beam 100mm thick CONCRETE base 190mmx140mm pre-cast DERANCO BLOCK reinforced CONCRETE coping block Weep holes Three coats 2-3kg/m2 ABE WATERPROOFING SLURRY applied according to manufacturer's specifications In-situ reinforced CONCRETE staircase Approved sealer tape over waterproofing

SAND-CEMENT screed to fall 1:100 85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed

DETAIL 7 - Change room explosion

85mm thick in-situ reinforced CONCRETE surface bed

25mm LAMINATED glass panel: (Acc. to manufacturer's specs) 6mm TOUGHENED GLASS panel heat strengthened clear 1.5mm laminated Interlayer 8mm FLOAT GLASS heat strengthened clear 1.5mm laminated Interlayer 8mm FLOAT GLASS heat strengthened M4 ALUMINIUM countersunken wood screw 50mmx50mm PLYWOOD wall plate Outer Gasket Factory applied structural adhesive Factory applied neutral cure SILICONE matt black

Purpose made ALUMINIUM profile with pre-drilled holes and VEDOC VP HI-Q POLYESTER POWDER COAT Black finish Factory applied neutral cure SILICONE matt black 0.6mm ALUMINIUM flashing

100mmx60mm pre-cast reinforced CONCRETE skylight lintol

Approved sealing tape applied to corner according to manufacturer's specifications

10 0

NOTE: Acc. to SANS 10400: XA, for a suitable CRValue it must at least a double brick wall with a cavity insulation of 0,5 R-value to secure a sufficient CR-value. Polystyrene insulation R-value: 0,893m2K/W 60

Final brick layer to be built after skylight has been installed. One layer 220mmx110mmx73mm CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge. 0.5mm STAINLESS STEEL mesh and 10mm mortar 2mm thick ABE INDEXTENE self-adhesive bituminous waterproofing membrane installed according to manufacturer's specifications

DETAIL E - Skylight and roof construction Scale 1:2

201

11 0

220mmx110mmx73mm two layers CEMENT brick Stack Bond, Brick-on-edge overlapping horizontally

chapter 10 - conclusion

2400mmx300mmx25mm thick ISOBOARD high density rigid extruded POLYSTYRENE insulation boarding laid horizontal with shiplap joints to be fixed in position with recommended adhesive according to manufacturers specifications

chapter 10 // conclusion PARTING The aim of this dissertation is to provide a reaction to the current condition of the Aapies River canal. Every so often the canal floods and then the one and a half storey high canal becomes an essential space to continue the functionality of Pretoria. Descending into the quiet space dampens the surrounding noise, which resulted in the definition of an ‘Air pool’. Within the canal one feels disorientated within the city, but the spatial potential becomes evident. The water tries to flow naturally between the contours of the earth, but it is forced to follow the embankments of the man-made canal. The proposal should aim to return the site and canal to its natural state. “It is said that good urbanism can be measured by the happiness of a city’s residents, for this is what draws people to urban areas and keeps them there.” (Campbell, 2012). The proposed swimming pool addresses two focus areas, the canal and the social status of the city. The landscape serves its purpose as a silent worker to restore the quality of the water. The design must therefore become a space of gathering and relaxation. The daytime city dweller must become a part of the city. “...It’s our city, we are supposed to explore it...” (van der Berg, 2014).

LESS OF A VOID SPACE

chapter 10 - conclusion

203

Image 235 // By author, 2014

acknowledgements / thanks to.. PROFESSOR JACQUES LAUBSCHER // For all his advice, support, encouragement and inspiration. EXTERNALS // For taking time to enjoy this document. FAMILY // For all the get-togethers that I have missed, but all the support that I have received. GRAEME NOETH // For constantly reminding me that I can do better. PIETER GROENEWALD // For your support as a friend and flat mate. STEPHANIE STOLTZ // For her assistance in preparing the final presentation. ELSJE BALZUN // For putting my thesis above herself.

chapter 10 - conclusion

205

Image 236 // By author, 2014

chapter 11 // REFERENCING Amateur Swimming Association of Jamaica, n.d. Instructions for Timekeeping. [Online] Available at: <http://www.swimjamaica.com/ Officials/Timekeeper.html> [Accessed 30 June 2014] Anon, 1913-1922. Pretoria Aapies River Canalisation – Exchange of Land Between Railways & Town Council. [Archives] Contracts collection. 1012/290. Pretoria: National Archives of South Africa ARUP, 2012. City of Tshwane Master Plan - Macro Framework. [pdf] s.l.: s.n. Available at: <> [Accessed 23 June 2014] Campbell, R., 2012. Introduction. In: A. MacLean, 2012. Up on the Roof: New York’s Hidden Skyline Spaces. New York: Princeton Architectural Press CCTV.com, 2012. Exclusive Interview: China’s Wang Shu Keeps Tradition Alive in Designing. [Online] Available at: <http://english.cntv.cn/program/ newshour/20120525/106552.shtml> [Accessed 11 September 2014] Celliers, A., 2014. Eco pool gardening. [Online] Available at: <http://www. thegardener.co.za/kb/article. php?id=1025> [Accessed 29 June 2014]

City of Tshwane, 2010. Swimming Pools. [Online] Available at: <http:// www.tshwane.gov.za/Services/ Swimming%20Pools/Pages/default. aspx> [Accessed 26 June 2014] Collins, N. B., 2005. Wetlands: The basics and some more. Free State Department of Tourism, Environmental and Economic Affairs. [pdf] Available at: <http://www.dwa.gov.za/iwqs/ rhp/provinces/freestate/wetlands_ basics&more.pdf> [Accessed 29 June 2014] Crosby, T., 1965. Architecture: City Sense. Studio Vista Limited: London Dippenaar, M. A., 2013. Hydrological Heritage Overview. Pretoria’s Fountains – Arteries of Life. Water Research Commission: Pretoria DWAF, 1998. Republic of SA - National Water Act: Act No. 36 of 1998. [Online] Available at: < http://www. dwaf.gov.za/Documents/Legislature/ nw_act/NWA.pdf> [Accessed 18 September 2014] eWISA, n.d. APIES RIVER: Ecology. [Online] Available at: <http://www. ewisa.co.za/misc/RiverGAUAapies/ AAPIESRiver_Ecology%20.htm> [Accessed 2 July 2014]

Ferguson, F., 2006. Talking cities: The Micropolitics of Urban Space. s.l.: Birkhäuser Frith, A., 2011. Census 2011. [Online] Available at: <http://census2011. adrianfrith.com/place/799035> [Accessed 26 June 2014] Fukutake, S., n.d. Living in a Good Area is the Key to Happiness. In: L. Müller and A. Miki, 2011. Insular Insight: Where Art and Architecture Conspire with Nature. s.l.: Lars Müller Publishers Inspiration Green, n.d. Natural Pools or Natural Swimming Ponds (NSPs). Available at: <http://www. inspirationgreen.com/natural-poolsswimming-ponds.html> [Accessed 29 June 2014] Jansen van Vuuren, G., 2014. Interview about the Apies River and the canal. Interviewed by Juan Myburgh [Personal communication]. 25 April 2014 Klee, P., 2007. Primary Elements. In: F. D. K. Ching, 2007. Architecture form, space and order. 3rd ed. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc. Lao-tzu, 6th Century B.C. Form & Space. In: F. D. K. Ching, 2007. Architecture - form, space and order.

Parsons, W., 2006. Local Organization(s). In: L. M. B. M. Thipe, 2007. The Narrative of a Black South African Swimmer. University of Pretoria. Available at: < http:// upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/available/ etd-09302008-123618/unrestricted/ dissertation.pdf> [Accessed 12 September 2014] Perrin, P., 1999. 22 Swimming. In: D. Adler, 1999. METRIC HANDBOOK â&#x20AC;&#x201C; Planning and Design Data. 2nd ed. Oxford: Architectural Press Prof. Dr. Engelbrecht, S. P. and Prof. Meiring, A. L. Pretoria (1855-1955) Geskiedenis van die Stad Pretoria. Die Stadsraad van Pretoria: Pretoria. Rainharvest, 2010. Ground Heat Source Pumps. [Online] Available at: <http://www.rainharvest. co.za/2010/10/ground-heat-sourcepumps/> [Accessed 29 June 2014]

Seakins, B., 2013. Stawell Steps: A Brick Spillway by Hirsohi Nakao and Monash Architecture for a Victorian Town Straddles the Concurrent Demands of Architecture and Landscape. Architecture Australia, May/June, pg. 54 SwimmingWORLDmagazine, 2013. Continental Records. [pdf] s.l.:s.n. Available at: <http://www. swimmingworldmagazine.com/results/ records/ContinentalRecords_LCM. pdf> [Accessed 25 June 2014] UBC URBAN STUDIO, 2008. Chapter Four: Five minute walking distance to commercial services and frequent transit. [pdf] s.l.: s.n. Available at: <http://www.urbanstudio.sala.ubc. ca/urbanstudio%202008/student%20 materials/Chapter%204%20Draft%20 Aug%208.pdf> [Accessed 23 June 2014] Whelchel, H. and Donovan, M., 1994. Water + Architecture. Thames and Hudson: Japan

World Health Organization, 2006. Guidelines for Safe Recreational Water Environments. Vol. 2. [pdf] s.l.: s.n. Available at: <http://www.who. int/water_sanitation_health/bathing/ bathing2/en/> [Accessed 27 June 2014] WRC, n.d. Regional Water Statistics. [Online] Available at: <http://www. wrc.org.za/Pages/Resources_ Regionalstats.aspx> [Accessed 25 June 2014] Zungu, C., 2014. Interview at Hillcrest Swimming Pool. Interviewed by Juan Myburgh [Personal communication]. 15 March 2014 chapter 11 - referencing

Mahne, T. G., 2010. Urban Water Center: Educate and Celebrate. ML (Prof). University of Pretoria. Available at: <http://upetd.up.ac.za/thesis/ available/etd-01282010-193837/ unrestricted/01review-and-reasoning. pdf> [Accessed 2 July 2014]

SAAEA, 2010. Geothermal Heating & Cooling in South Africa. [Online] Available at: <http://saaea.blogspot. com/2010/03/geothermal-heatingcooling-in-south.html> [Accessed 29 June 2014]

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3rd ed. New Jersey: John Wiley & Sons, Inc.

LIST OF FIGURES

Image 2: By author, 2014. Archive Document of the Aapies River Canalisation.[scan]

Image 14: Diseko, K., 2012. Gauteng Swimmnig Lessons. [image online] Available at: <http://www.sacr. gpg.gov.za/media/news/Pages/ fricatoteachyoungpeoplehowtoswim. aspx> [Accessed 29 October 2014]

Image 3: By author, 2014. View towards madiba street. [photograph]

Image 15: By author, 2014. PTA Locality Plan. [graphic image]

Image 4: By author, 2014. Boskburg indoor swimming pool. [timelapse photograph]

Image 16: By author, 2014. Cause and causality concept. [graphic image]

Image 1: By author, 2014. Aerial Conceptual Sketch. [sketch]

Image 5: By author, 2014. Aerial View of the Proposed Design.[sketch] Image 6: By author, 2014. Aerial View Conceptual Sketch. [sketch] Image 7: By author, 2014. Section Conceptual Sketch. [sketch] Image 8: By author, 2014. Conceptual locality model of the urban proposal. [photograph] Image 9: By author, 2014. Timelapse of Swimmers at Hillcrest Swimming Pool. [photograph] Image 10 - 12: By author, 2014. Inactive Furrow System of Pretoria. [photograph] Image 13: Aapies River and Meintjieskop, 1922. [image online] Available at: <https://www.bonhams. com/auctions/16848/lot/17/> [Accessed 29 October 2014]

Image 25: By author, 2014. The Profile of the Canal Makes Bypassers Unaware of its Presence. [sketch] Image 26: By author, 2014. View of Underside of the Lion Bridge. [photograph] Image 27: By author, 2014. Pretoria Demographics vs Swimming Pools. [graphic image]

Image 17: By author, 2014. Canal Air Pool vs Water Pool. [graphic image]

Image 28: By author, 2014. Fluctuating Level of the Aapies River. [timelapse photograph]

Image 18: By author, 2014. Air Pool vs Water Pool. [graphic image]

Image 29: By author, 2014. Development sketches. [scan]

Image 19: By author, 2014. Pool Lane Barrier. [photograph]

Image 30: By author, 2014. Rainfall Approaching From South-West to the CBD. [photograph]

Image 20: By author, 2014. Model Exploration. [photograph] Image 21: By author, 2014. Linking Nodes for Accessibilty. [graphic image] Image 22: By author, 2013. River Users. [sketch] Image 23: By author, 2013. The Necessity for Drinking Water. [sketch] Image 24: By author, 2014. Joining Point Between Walkerspruit and the Aapies River. [graphic image]

Image 31 - 40: Celliers, A., 2014. SA Natural Pool Restorer Plants. [image online] Available at: <http://www. thegardener.co.za/kb/article. php?id=1025> [Accessed 29 October 2014] Image 41: By author, 2014. Longitudinal Section Through Public Swimming Pool. [sketch] Image 42: By author, 2014. Swimming Experience. [sketch] Image 43: By author, 2014. Boksburg Indoor Swimming Pool. [photograph]

Image 48 - 59: By author, 2014. Necessary Equipment. [photograph] Image 60 - 62: Archdaily, 2013. Beyond the Screen - OBBA. [online image] Available at: <http://www. archdaily.com/407168/beyond-thescreen-obba/> [Accessed 29 October 2014] Image 63 - 64: World-Architects, n.d. Brick House - Atelier Zhanglei. [online image] Available at: <http://www. world-architects.com/projects/1782_ brick_house> [Accessed 29 October 2014] Image 65: By author, 2014. Brick House section. [sketch] Image 66: By author, 2011. Red Location - Noero Wolff Architects. [photograph] Image 67 - 69: By author, 2014. Red Location diagrams. [sketch] Image 70: Architectureau, n.d. Prince Albert Park Pool - Neeson Murcutt Architects. [online image] Available at: <http://architectureau.com/ articles/prince-alfred-park-pool/> [Accessed 29 October 2014]

Image 72 // Another Hundred Years Hence, 2005. The Restorer - John Todd Ecological Designs. [online image] <http://toddecological.com/clients/ PDFs/100623.casestudy.baima.pdf> [Accessed 29 Oktober 2014] Image 73 // Baan, I., 2009. The High Line - JAmes Corner Fields Operations. [online image] <http:// meredithgunderson.com/high-linesymposium/> [Accessed 29 October 2014] Image 74: By author, 2014. Difficulty to Position Oneself in the City. [photograph] Image 75: By author, 2014. City Layers and the Proposed Building. [graphic image] Image 76: By author, 2014. Public Transport and Section AA. [graphic image] Image 77: By author, 2014. Green Space and Section BB. [graphic image] Image 78: By author, 2014. Walking Circles and Section CC. [graphic image]

Image 79: By author, 2014. Pedestrian Congestion and Section DD. [graphic image] Image 80: By author, 2014. Vehicular Traffic. [graphic image] Image 81: By author, 2014. Void Space. [graphic image] Image 82: By author, 2014. Sensual Urban Map. [graphic image] Image 83: Meiring, A. L., n.d. An early photo of the lion bridge. [scan] Die Stadsraad van Pretoria: Pretoria. Image 84: By author, 2014. Future Urban Proposal. [sketch] Image 85 - 87: By author, 2014. Aapies River Canal Sections. [graphic images] Image 88: By author, 2014. Indentify Open Spaces in the City to Use as Parks and Gardens to Retain and Use Rain Water. [photograph] Image 89 - 90: By author, 2014. Canal Barrier Section Sketches. [sketch] Image 91: By author, 2014. Timelapse of barrier simulation. [Timelapse photograph] Image 92: By author, 2014. Sectional Perspective of the Follies. [graphic image]

chapter 11 - referencing

Image 47: By author, 2014. Locality Plan - Public Swimming Pools in Pretoria. [graphic image]

Image 71 // The Geek Parent, 2014. Naturbad - Herzog & de Meuron. [online image] Available at: <http://thegeekparent.com/ modern-architecture-meets-motherearth/#prettyPhoto> [Accessed 29 October 2014]

209

Image 44 - 46: By author, 2014. Swimming Pool Diagrams. [graphic image]

Image 93: By author, 2014. Water Level Raising. [graphic image] Image 94 - 97: By author, 2014. Development Sketches. [sketch] Image 98: By author, 2014. Site View From Nelson Mandela Drive. [photograph] Image 99: By author, 2014. Site Model Illustrating the Site Generators. [photograph] Image 100: By author, 2014. Section AA - Selected Site. [sketch] Image 101: By author. Site Photo of the Rubble Heaps. [photograph] Image 102: By author, 2014. Informal Walkway Along the Canal. [sketch] Image 103: By author, 2014. Design Proposal Walkway next to the Canal. [sketch] Image 104: By author, 2014. Exisitng Informal Walkway Along the Canal. [sketch] Image 105: By author, 2014. Site Perspective Development Sketch. [sketch]

Image 106 - 112: By author, 2014. Landform Model Exploration. [photograph] Image 113: By author, 2014. Crossing the River in the Canal. [photograph] Image 114: By author, 2014. Building Postion. [scan] Image 115: By author, 2014. Section Exploration. [sketch] Image 116: By author, 2014. Eye Activity on the Canal. [sketch]

Image 153 - 155: By author, 2014. Model exploration. [photographs] Image 156 - 160: By author, 2014. Sectional model exploration. [photographs] Image 161 - 162: By author, 2014. Olympic Swimming Pool Size and Shape. [sketch] Image 163 - 164: By author, 2014. Starting Platform and Pool Handrail. [sketch]

Image 117: By author, 2014. Alternative Boundary Walls. [sketch]

Image 165: By author, 2014. Aerial Site Photo from Arcadia Campus. [photograph]

Image 118 - 132: By author, 2014. Site Plan Development. [sketch]

Image 166: By author, 2014. Site Plan. [graphic image]

Image 133 - 140: By author, 2014. Floor Plan Development. [sketch]

Image 167 - 169: By author, 2014. Proposed Design Aerial Perspective. [sketch]

Image 141 - 147. By author, 2014. Longitudinal Section development. [sketch] Image 148 - 149: By author, 2014. Section Detail Development. [sketch] Image 150 - 152: By author, 2014. Model Development. [photograph]

Image 170 - 176: By author, 2014. Gymnasium Building Diagrams and Floor Plan. [graphic image] Image 177: By author, 2014. Section AA. [graphic image] Image 178: By author, 2014. Interior View. [graphic image]

TABLES

Image 187 - 189: By author, 2014. Outside Walkway. [graphic image] Image 190 - 196: By author, 2014. Lap Pool Building and Diagrams. [graphic image] Image 197: By author, 2014. Section CC. [graphic image] Image 198: By author, 2014. Graphical Section. [graphic image] Image 199 - 200: By author, 2014. Section DD. [graphic image] Image 201 - 202: By author, 2014. Exterior Building View. [graphic image]

Image 210: By author, 2014. Aapies River Concrete Infrastructure. [photgraph] Image 211: By author, 2014. Polleyâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s Arcade - Norman Eaton. [photograph] Image 212: By author, 2014. Skylight and Roof Construction. [pdf] Image 213 - 214: By author, 2014. House Jooste - Andre du Preez. [photograph] Image 215: By author, 2014. House Jooste Detailing. [sketch] Image 216: By author, 2014. Development Sketches. [scan] Image 217 - 234: By author, 2014. Contract Documentation. [pdf]

Image 203 - 204: By author, 2014. Structural Explosions. [graphic image]

Image 235: By author, 2014. Less of a Void Space. [photograph]

Image 205: By author, 2014. Presentation Exhibition Panorama. [photograph]

Image 236: By author, 2014. Acknowledgements. [timelapse photograph]

Image 206 - 207: By author, 2014. Presentation Exhibition. [photograph]

Table 1: Jansen van Vuuren, G., 2014. Aapies River Canal Statistics. Interviewed by Juan Myburgh [Personal communication]. 25 April 2014 Table 2: World Health Organization, 2009. SA statistics, 2001 -2003. Top Five Causes of Fatal Injury in Children Aged 0-14. Available at: <http://www.who.int/bulletin/ volumes/88/4/09-068486/en/> [Accessed 28 June 2014] Table 3: World Health Organization, 2006. Lifeguard numbers per square metre of pool. Vol. 2. [pdf] s.l.: s.n. Available at: <http://www.who.int/ water_sanitation_health/bathing/ bathing2/en/> [Accessed 27 June 2014] Table 4: By author, 2014. Time Intervals for Walking Along the Canal compared to Walking in the Canal.

chapter 11 - referencing

Image 186: By author, 2014. Section BB. [pdf]

Image 208 - 209: By author, 2014. Laser Cut Model. [photograph]

211

Image 179 - 185: By author, 2014. Restaurant Building Diagrams and Floor Plan. [graphic image]

chapter 12 // appendix APPENDIX A // AFRICAN CHAMPIONSHIP RECORDS

213

chapter 12 - appendix

APPENDIX B // GEOTHERMAL HEATING South Africa has a well-suited climate for daily summer swimming, and even for the daring, some pools are available in the winter. As a general fixture, an adequate winter temperature for swimming water in winter is about 26oC (Zungu, 2014), which is easily manageable with basic heating methods. But as a sustainable approach, geothermal heating systems can be considered. The most generic description is simply the movement of heat or cold from one point to another. The best known method is to lay as series of high density plastic pipes beneath the surface of the earth and use the constant temperature that the soil radiates as an energy source. The air temperature is always changing due to weather patterns, but the earthâ&#x20AC;&#x2122;s substrate layers stay constant for much longer. Therefore, during very cold periods the geothermal system can provide heat and opposite as well. A general accepted depth, but which is still dependant on the soil type and geological position on earth, is 1.5m minimum below ground. In South Africa the ground can vary between 16.5o C and 21o C. It is best to bury the pipes not underneath a building so that they are still accessible. (SAAEA, 2010) The pipes are filled with water and anti-freeze. The system can provide hot- or cold air and heated water. The pipes are called loops and can be laid in four different systems namely, horizontal loop, vertical loop, slinky loop or pond loop. The pipes are guaranteed to last up to 50 years. Two pipes are used as an inlet and outlet. To circulate the water it is connected to an electrical pump and a heat exchanger. â&#x20AC;&#x153;The heat from the fluid is transferred to a refrigerant with a low boiling point. This in turn causes the refrigerant to change to a gas, which is then compressed increasing its temperature. The hot gases flow around a heat exchanger and transfer heat to the heating system. As these gases cool they return to a liquid state and the whole process is repeated.â&#x20AC;? In other words, due to compression of the gas at certain points in the pipe, the output temperature can be higher than the initial input temperature. (Rainharvest, 2010)

APPENDIX C // GAWIE JANSEN VAN VUUREN - PR TECH (ENG)

During its period of design, it was required to control the 1:50 year flood line. Today, the Water Act requires flood lines of 1:100, which the canal is coincidently capable of containing. The only areas not capable of controlling the requested amount is within the Pretoria Zoo and North of Fountains Valley and the Willow Road Bridge. Because the bridges are under the Heritage Act they can’t be modified. The openings are not big enough to allow sufficient flow which causes the water to rise and flow over the bridge. The canal is made of concrete to allow the water to flow quicker. As soon as the concrete is removed it will slow the movement of the water. To control the flow of water, a structure needs to be added to delay its flow. The space next to the canal is limited, which makes it difficult to increase the size of the canal. We have considered a temporary retention area near Fountains Valley. This area is very flat though. But what is the environmental impact? It has always been known that any changes to the canal will require an additional intervention at Fountains Valley. It will allow more control over the situation. The Aapies River quality is problematic, but it is not the worst in the area. There aren’t any industrial dumping or sewerage connections to the canal, but there are businesses in the CBD who dump their waste into the drainage systems illegally. Furthermore, solid pollutants such as plastics end in the canal. They are impossible to remove except if a grouse pollution is installed. We have industries

If the aim is to have people access the canal, it will have to be made much safer. It is common to find drifters around the canal. The step edges will need staircases at regular intervals. The Metropolitan Spatial Planning has introduced ‘Operation Reclaim of Inner City Regeneration”, the road works are not aimed at vehicles but to increase the pedestrian corridors. We have noticed the spatial potential along the Aapies River. Silt can be controlled by allowing the water to stand still for a certain period in an area where the silt can be collected. The Aapies River has less silt than other close by water areas. The main sewerage line is underneath the canal, but it needs a certain degree of maintenance as it is possible that the waste has been leaking into the canal. The sewerage line is accessible from the canal via sealed manholes. We have found companies that discharged storm water in gullies, but the waste pipes are not designed for such capacity. Once we receive complaints about companies dumping unclean water into the storm water system, or if the water starts releasing a strange odor, we can determine the area of insertion by taking water samples, the determined company responsible will be fined. The canal does not have any heritage protection yet. SAHRA needs to give special permission. But, changes to the canal have been made before. Your specific site is privately owned and sloped by ‘Urban Spatial Planning’. They aim to apply a set of requirements to sites next to the canal. For example, the building design must not turn its back towards the canal, new building lines from the canal as existing buildings have mostly been built up against the canal, and between the building line and the water edge it will only allow gardening.” According to Mr. Jansen van Vuuren the conceptual ideas could serve as possible solutions.

chapter 12 - appendix

“We have consider a variety of initiatives to replace the concrete canal. In the late 90’s we considered hiding the canal with a raised river and replacing all backwards facing buildings alongside the river. What are the chances for converting the canal back into a more natural river with a controlled water level? Buildings along the river are mainly privately owned which makes it difficult to convert the buildings adjacent to the river.

around the canal that have taken responsibility for the canal as it will be to their advantage - It can be described as a PPP (Private Public Partnership).

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Mr. Jansen is the Chief Engineer for Integrated Storm water Planning at the Tshwane Roads and Transport department. The interview was recorded and translated from Afrikaans.

APPENDIX D // SA COLLEGE PRIVATE SCHOOL – GR. 0 – GR. 12

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