Passive solar design

julianne nguyen dia40002 - capstone interior architecture practice 2 project 2 - final design outcome

r radical studios 123 Christian Road, Sunshine VIC 3021 T - (03) 9494 1920 E - info@rstudios.com.au W - rstudios.com.au

hi there!

We are from ‘Radical Studios.’

We’re glad that you have chosen to live in a passive solar designed home. Feel free to write any notes and questions in this book and take it along with you for our meetings.

Talk soon!

letter from the author

09/11/2016

dear reader, As a fellow human being on this planet, I searched for meaning, fulfilment and authenticity. How does this relate to buildings? I believe that building is a necessity to life as bread is to us. Therefore, I take my job seriously. I hope we can help you transition to live better, be healthier and with more purpose.

I came across passive solar design after learning about sustainability back at university. It was that day onwards that I wanted to share why I think that passive solar design is ever so important in this age than ever before.

I’m curious to know what you think about sustainability and about how you first heard about passive solar design?

Good news. Passive solar design can help make our electricity/gas bills cheaper. It can even help you to open your eyes and see a new light to sustainability. Plys, it can help form new bonds and relationships with those around you.

Inside this book are the ABC’s of passive solar design. As simple as that.

I hope you and your family read this together around the dinner table and discuss these things.

Happy reading & learning, Violet Director of Radical Studios

r

chapters

1

- The truth about sustainability - Our manifesto - Difference between passive solar design and...

- Our Aussie building code

#firstthingsfirst

2

- Orientation - Passive heating (insulation & thermal mass) - Passive cooling (shading & cross ventilation)

#rememberthese

3

- Your site - The floor plan - The section - The 3d interior & renders

#beginwiththesite

4

r

#bonuses

- Expert tips!

- SIPS & mgO building material - Material specs - Glossary - Active occupant (you!)

- R-value (insulation) calculations

the truth about sustainability

1

‘Sustainability’ in general You are right when you say that ‘sustainability’ is about taking care of our natural environment. Actually, it includes all the aspects on the left. But guess what? Sustainability goes even deeper...

“... reducing, re-using and recycling...”

“the light green packaging on our products...”

I wonder how the term ‘sustainable/sustainability’ came about... It could be assumed that some people have realised that we have not been ‘justly’ when using our natural resources to the ‘good’ for our society. Just like everything we touch, it’s temporary, it fades or breaks, or ends...

Are we at our peak? Ask yourself realistically, what will it be like in 50 years? Is it a nice or bad-looking vision?

I don’t want to paint you a grim picture but we believe that sustainability is in the heart of everything, not just architecture but morally/ethically/socially/economicaly/environmentally...

“eco-friendly materials...”

‘Sustainable’ home Homes waste considerable amount of resources and emit carbon emissions (manufacturing materials, transport etc. there’s a lot that you don’t know about!) “protecting the environment for the future...”

People are awakening to the fact about buiding ‘sensibly’ and being ‘sensitive’ to the environment. That’s a good start. Some things are: - safe/recycled materials - managing rainwater/greywater/stormwater - minimising energy consumption (energy efficient lights + appliances) - holistic landscaping (permaculture!)

our manifesto radical

- relying more on ‘natural’ resources/strategies instead of advanced technology - challenging the ‘material/ consumerist society by thinking of more ethical, healthier solutions for us as a society

sustainability

intangible

- relying on something we can’t physically touch i.e ‘natural’ environment (sun, winds) - renewable sources of energy

- ‘small is beautiful’ - small self-sufficient units of social/ community development/ growth i.e sustainability!

- local communities, local people, local resources, local businesses!

flourish

what’s the difference between... passivhaus

passive solar design

- Design of a more ‘rigid’ building fabric i.e airtight (well sealed) - ‘Controlled air temperature’ using an ‘air ventilation unit’ (not passive) - complex mathematics & building science to precisely calculate efficiency performance

- uses basic ‘rules of thumb’ principles; orientation, insulation, glazing, thermal mass etc - less of a vigorous criteria compared to ‘Passivhaus’ international building standard

energy efficiency

- may require ‘mechanical/artifical’ HVAC systems (i.e not ‘passive’ in nature eg.

Passivhaus) - focus more on specialised ‘items’ such as solar panels, renewable technology rather than the designing the building fabric to work with the microclimate as possible

building code of australia

in 2011, BCA announced that all houses need to meet a minimum of 6 star energy rating a minimum standard (standards are just the starting point!) not mandatory (but it’s still good to follow it!)

BCA Section J (Energy Efficiency) rating tools: - NatHERS (assess thermal performance of residential houses) - AccuRate (modelling of air movement & zoning patterns)

bca

what is it?

It’s a national code that applies to all states in Australia

- building fabric - glazing - building sealing - heating & cooling systems - artficial lighting

BCA defines 8 climate zones for thermal design in Australia.

We are in Zone 6!

orientation

2

your notes:

Sites with a large ‘width’ are extended on the West and East axis (living areas would best be in the upper section).

Sites with a narrow ‘width’ have a long body on the North and South axis (living areas would be in the upper north section).

reference notes/extra study - McGee C 2013, Orientation, yourhome - Port Phillip 2012, Energy Efficiency, SDAPP

Taking advantage of orientation in the begnning of the design can help you achieve up to 1 Star of your rating. Yay!

- when buying a new house or land, take notice of the sun path(where the sun rises and sets). Remember, the point of passive solar design (especially in Melbourne) is to get as much sun in winter (sizing & location of windows, shading - see passive heating page).

- Energy Authority Victoria 2006, Ch.4 - Siting & Solar Access, ESHM

Orientation: - stems from the 19th century word ‘orient’ which means to ‘position’ or direct something towards. Facing the northern rooms i.e living towards north(sun) is the essence of passive solar.

passive solar heating

your notes:

N

Let’s imagine if we have a ‘lot’ with a narrow width. Zoning such spaces would include grouping northern spaces (living/dining areas) and southern spaces (bedroom + utilities)

N

To gain winter sunlight to warm up the day areas, windows are placed on the northern facade, E & W windows are to be smaller with adjustable shading (lower angle sun) and southern windows tend not to be included as no sun is exposured here...

reference notes/extra study - Reardon C 2013, Passive solar heating, yourhome - Energy Authority Victoria 2006, Ch.6 - Thermal Mass, ESHM - NCC 2015, J5.2d(Space heating), BCA

zoning: - your design should allow light to penetrate easily & air to circulate easily. Also having doors in open spaces minimises air wastage when heating (thermal mass)

window: - all glazing requires ‘seals’ to prevent ‘draughts’ in winter (can account to 25% of heat losses).

Thermal mass: - The ability of a material to store heat energy.

- In winter, thermal mass absorbs ‘day’ heat and stores it for release at night.

1. Sunlight is admitted through a glass aperture (window) 2. The sun’s rays hits the surface of the material (absorber) 3. The thermal mass material under the ‘absorber’ has the ability to store sun’s heat.

4. At night/when temperatures fluctuate, the stored heat is distributed or ‘re-radiated’ out around the room.

passive cooling your notes:

passive solar design is also about ‘blocking’ the sun i.e in summer. A simple eave (horizontal projection) will block the 76° afternoon sun to keep your living areas cool!

Similar to water, wind needs a unobstructed pathway to pass through. To maximise a cooling effect, windows need to be placed directly parallel to each other with no obstructions.

reference notes/extra study - Reardon C 2013, Passive cooling, yourhome - Energy Authority Victoria 2006, Ch.8- Air movement, ESHM - NCC 2015, J2.4(Glazing & Shading), BCA

shading: if installing a solar ‘pergola,’ ensure the chosen plant sheds its leaves in winter to allow the sun for thermal mass.

cross ventilation: by placing windows on opposite sides of the room, hot air is pushed out and replaced by cool air

Stack effect (conductive): - Air movement is driven by the rising of warm air.

- By creating a thermal ‘stick,’ hot air escapes out of the high vents and draws cooler air at lower levels

Night purging: - Open windows in the evening - Concrete floor releases stored heat..

- Aided by cool winds through windows - Stale/hot air rises up...

- Exits out of the high louvre windows & replaced by clean, cool air through ground level windows.

your site (micro analysis) 1:200

3

22 grevillea road, kings park 3021

Winter wind S - SW

16

90° 17 afternoon 18 breeze 19

- Lot 1 TP146613 - Brimbank Council - Council Property No. 255927 - Melway 13 F9 - Planning Zone: General Residential Xone

- existing northern 3.5 metre tree + neighbour shed overshadowing - close exposure to traffic on main road (acoustics)

ack setb

2

A

d

S

4m

roa

0°

ea

Weaknesses

vill

W

24

gre

Strengths

- existing neighbour’s fence help block south-western cold winds - existing front slope helps stormwater run off to drain

1

17

45°

SWOT analysis S

W

15

-45°

e - close promixity to main road, local stores O & bus stop - located near the ‘corner’ of the block Opportunities (social engagement)

T Threats

- no threats!

SS

existing SW fence block SW winds

Summer Solstice - Dec 21 2015 sunrise 5:54am sunset 8:42pm

Latitude

Summer wind N - NW

37.48° S

Longitude 144.57° E

15

14

16

key:

SS

13

WS

14

15

135°

subject site site boundary (16m by 31m)

11

10 morning breeze

24

C

11

NN

front yard FALL of 0.8m

180°

main road 9

east & west neighbouring fences 1.8m

10

B

20

8

neighbour properties

9

7

li 6

northern fence obstruction 2m

-135°

ly c lypil 8

resc

ent

E

C

neighbour shed obstruction 2.8m

A

existing nature strip tree 9m

B

existing 3.5m tree

-90°

evening breeze

WS

Winter Solstice - 21 June 2015 sunrise 7:36am sunset 5:08pm

sun movement across time intervals in a day

https://www.timeanddate.com/sun/australia/ melbourne?month=6&year=2015

floor plan

10500 proposed house

your brief:

sun tunnel (solar tube)

slanted north facade

A

out

A

3 2

living

6

roof skylight

3

3.4m x 4.8m

dining

3.4m x 2m

4 A

accessible ramp

Mid winter sunset (SW)

AS 1428 - Design for mobility

B

study

1.6m x 2.8m

airlock sliding door AS 2047 2014 - Window & external glazed doors

1280mm wide hallway (accessibility/adaptable for future)

D

ensuite

timber deck walkway

AS 2870 - Residential slabs & footings

D

storage

2.5m x 2.6m

1.8m x 3.2m

exposed concrete floor

C

C

master

lounge

3.6m x 2.3m

2.5m x 3.5m

hallway

ceiling fan (winter + summer function)

- low maintenance + low cost - storage space - communal living area - outdoor living area - mimise obstructions to future wheelchair access

1.28m x 9.5m

1:200

Mid Summer sunset (SW)

Wall construction Exterior wall (215mm) - Structural Insulated Panel System (SIPS)

6.2m x 6m

7

sou

th wes t

terno

o n bre

af

Living area walls - Structural Insulated Panel System (SIPS) - Brick wall inside (rbv) (retains heat)

eze

Interior wall(115mm) - Structural Insulated Panel System (SIPS) brick

B

double garage

mud ro

2.9m x

1000 eave

A

ouse

required 80% annually

Passive heating:

A

outdoor dining 3.4m x 2m

3

ing

x 2m

C

kitchen

8

3.4m x 3.1m

laundry 1.2m x 3m

bathroom

16195 proposed house

hallway

bed 1

3.1m x 3.1m

landscaping

5

D 1.28m x 9.5m

Mid winter sunrise (SE)

3.3m x 2.3m

bed 2

3.1m x 3.1m

B mud room 2.9m x 3m

A

N

entrance

1

1

house is orientated to the north (where the sun is!)

2

zoning - day rooms are grouped together to have as much winter sun!

3

windows are appropiately sized and positioned to the north for sun exposure

4

concrete floor and everse brick wall absorbs winter sun for later release

required 20% annually

Passive Cooling:

Mid Summer sunrise (SE) 5

casement windows catch cool morning breezes

6

external venetian blinds are operable for flexible adjustment

7

high louvre windows acts as an outlet for hot stale air

8

windows aligned parallel to each other allows for cross ventilation

sectional perspective

thermal mass heating zone

1:200 A

timber venetian blinds

B

glass louvre window

Higher glazing areas admit free natural daylight into hallway (southern spaces)

sun tube

n a t u ra l some n

Ambient sunlight through higher windows replace overshadowing of tree

d a p p le

Winter solstice June 21 1:00pm

li g h t u p

r in g

a t u ra l li ght h a ll w a y t h r o u g h

li g h t

altitude

A B

30°

C

N

VELUX skylight

on ente

180°

a zi m u th 173°

overshadowed by existing 3.5m tree but replaced by ‘high’ windows

E

outdoor living

sun tunnel

F

round louvres

living areas garage area ground floor

41m2 37m2 92m2

total

170m2

spotted gum cladding east elevation not to scale

reverse brick veneer (mass material for thermal storage)

10-star energy aim: - Thermal chimney effect is introduced to enhance summer night purging ventilation mud room entrance

fixed skylight (with external louvre shading in summer)

- Ceiling fans included to assist summer comfort needs - Living spaces a harness heat from the sun in winter and exclude it in summer.

- Thermal mass and insulation, together with adjustable sunshading and crossventilation, help maintain a comfortable interior

hot air rises & exits!

D

E

southwest breeze

C

S

Noon in summer ensuite

master bedroom

double garage (electric vehicle) Noon in winter

study nook

28.84°

75.35°

living/dining room crosssection 1:200

axonometric 1:200

roof light tube for interior daylighting

thermal mass... sun’s heat is absorbed into brick

SIPS external wall internal brick wall

existing 3.5 Drooping Sheok tree

sun’s heat is also absorbed concrete floor note: heat store reradiated back at night

double garage for eco car

material key: A Spotted gum

C Exterior cladding Hardwood Chamfer Board Profile - 121mm x 19mm

Decking 70mm x 19mm

B Merbau

Pergola post & beams Recycled hardwood Posts - 100mm x 100mm Beams - 100mm x 75mm

C Ironbark

double-glazed windows

A B tufted bluebell - moist welldrained soil - butterfly attracting

kidney plant - lawn substitute in moist shady areas

front porch

light-filled void

exterior venetian blinds

sips construction...

material key + insulation

193mm polystyrene foam

2 x 11mm oriented strand boards (OSB) OUT

mgO board lining IN

skylight concrete floor

timber base plate

SIPS

Exterior walls 12mm timber cladding 2 x OSB boards 1 x Polystyrene board (193mm)

R-value: 5.1 Interior walls (throughout)

SIPS

2 x OSB boards 1 x Polystyrene board (93mm) 1 x 10mm mgO board

R-value: 2.9 Roof (corrugated + sips)

SIPS

high louvre windows

- corrugated metal sheet - 1 x polstyrene board

R-value: 4.1 SIPS walls with brick (living area)

A

C

Reverse brick veneer

concrete floor slab

- SIPS wall components - Wall cavity - Brick

R-value: 2.9 + 0.8 = 3.7

B

Kitchen/living/dining floor blocks 76° sun concrete

- 150mm concrete slab - Polystyrene board on slab edge

R-value: 2.2 energy monitoring display

slanted north facade (acts as an overhang)

http://www.yourhome.gov.au/passive-design/insulation-installation

site (macro analysis)

We believe the aim of passive solar design as not just an individual effort but a community one.

l

copperfield high school

N

1:200

23 16 This is an example scenario in 2036 of what your neighbourhood could look like... (narrator 10-year Ben)

Many small businesses are starting up. Apparently, there will be a new bakery (no.23), cafe (no.19) and pizza store(no.19) soon!

Also, my sister proposed an idea to the council to have our very own neighbour shared common space (car-free!).

14

t xs

My dad rides a bike to go work at a hardware store (no.15). My mum is a pastor at the church 2 minutes away.

19

re

Many are renovating to include passive solar features and our many friendships have been created more than ever before. I hang out with Chad (house no.8). We walk to Lillypilly park with our dogs and chat by the creek.

general convenience store

8

g

E-car charging station!

W

15 My dad’s hardware store

S

S

key

lillypilly creek

lillypilly park

my passive solar home proposed shared edible garden

kings park church

lill

yp

illy

cre

roads

E

afternoon winds

s.

afternoon sun

22 425 & 420 bus services

roa a e vill gre

green lands

d

electric car metro bus

bike parking

bike

kings park primary school

Notes: - 1 minute walk to bus stop surbuban living proposal in Germany - shared gardens

- 5 minute car ride to train station - 120m to public park - 1km to shopping centre

0

30m

renders...

have fun at work dad...

Entrance

9am morning sun Summer solstice

I’m feeling yellow today...

View from kitchen looking out onto backyard 6pm evening sun Winter solstice

View from open plan living with view of deck and pergola 12pm afternoon sun Winter solstice

yes, free heat from the winter sun...

let’s play out in the back!

Backyard - gardening, deck & pergola (summer shading plant) 12pm afternoon sun Summer solstice

let’s hang out with our neighbours today...

our company

We invite you to contact us about having your individual building system tested or to arrange a completely independent 6 star energy efficiency report.

- services design & construct Our aim is to help with your build with a complete design and construct service.

This is to ensure your design brief and lifestyle can work around passive solar design principles and of course that you can understand it too. standard models We have a few designs that portray passive solar features with other energy efficient inclusions. This helps you see an example to help with your wants.

Our design focus is on ... waste minimisation & recycling

passive solar principles

professional Owner Builder Violet Smith is an accredited passive solar house designer. We will help with your detailing and documentations of your drawings.

social sustainability

custom design Do you have a dream sustainable home? Bring your ideas in our first design meeting. We can develop it to make it become tangible and ensure it’s really sustainable!

r

adaptable housing (for the future) smart material selections

site planning & analysis

goodbye from the author

09/11/2016

dear reader, I hope this companion book was helpful and easy for you to understand. What did you learn? Tell us at our next meeting!

If you are still a bit confused about passive solar design, I hope you can at least take this away:

?

passive solar house

What do you think is missing out in the equation... Well, the whole point of a passive solar house is for YOU to enjoy life, adapt to the temperatures in your environment i.e thermal comfort! Therefore if the building is designed with the passive solar elements already... YOU just need to make it happen. It’s an ongoing effort and interaction with the building.

Test out how your newly built passive solar house is when your move in. We’ll contact you to see how you go. It’s okay, it should feel a bit new, but that’s the thing - living in a house should be about being aware of the climate and ‘understanding’ how the passive solar house works (we’ll help you with that). Talk soon :)

Take care,

r

Violet Director of Radical Studios

some handy tips...

Curtains with pelmets can also stop about 25% of heat loss from a window (see material specs page)

4

retrofit thermal mass by: - placing bricks/concrete along the wall - put large sealed containers of water in your room - move books/bookshelves into your living room (books are heavy

ceiling insulation reduces the power needed for heating to 100W per square metre

Smaller spaces heat more quickly than larger spaces.

Keeping door closed and areas separated increase the efficiency of heating and you don’t pay to heat areas you are not using.

cross ventilation: by placing windows on opposite sides of the room, hot air is pushed out and replaced by cool air

Have an airlock between your front door and the rest of the house. You can stop all that precious heat from escaping the house, and not worry about the front door being open. (See an example on the material specs page)

Using plants for shading – deciduous plants allow winter sun through and exclude summer sun

Ventilation is essential to exhaust unwanted odours, water vapour and pollution, and replace them with fresh air. Use exhaust fans in wet areas and when cooking.

Open windows and doors where possible to help remove indoor pollutants.

To prevent unwanted ventilation (draughts), wrap up the internal skin of the external walls of the house with reflective foil and lap and tape up around all windows and doors, ensuring that there are no tears or holes in the wrap

landscape can be designed to control the flow of breezes or block unwanted sun

Home energy ratings aren’t everything - behaviour and resource - use also also considered

If buying a new car look for the fuel consumption label that will tell you how economical the car is.

Consider a hybrid petrol/ electric car to further reduce your greenhouse gas emissions.

structural insulated panel system (SIPS)

We recommend SIPS ...

History...

The idea of having two panels squeezing a central insulated core began in the 1930s in the US. Frank Lloyd Wright was an advocate for such material system. The essence is its insulative performance.

SWOT analysis

S Strengths

SIPS is used for your structural exterior walls, interior walls and roof. It’s incredibly lightweight, easily flatpacked and carried to your site and worked on quicker than conventional timber framing systems AND airtight (no more draughts!)

The supplier - Ozone Panel

- ‘pre-made’ elements made in factory means faster building times on site - Requires less ‘energy’ to make (less raw materials)

‘Ozone Panel’ system

W Weaknesses

- still relatively new to building industry - lack of ‘local’ material avaiability

- new collaborative approach O to managing construction process Opportunities - combination of other systems/materials

T Threats

- distribution and supply - not mainstream materials + techniques

‘Ozone Panel’ company advocates with our sustainablity manifesto.

They opt for something radical (passive techniques), efficient (thermal performance) & good for you, the family and the environment!

- Two facings/facades of OSB(type of timber) bonded to Polystyrene foam (insulation core)

http://ozonepanel.com/panel/ wholeofhouse.bunnings. com.au/pdf/SIPS_product_

Magnesium Oxide Board

We recommend MgO board ...

(MgO)

History...

for your internal wall linings and ceilings. MgO boards are a non-toxic and fully recyclable alternative to gypsum & fibre cement materials.

Like SIPS, it’s strong, easy to cut (easy to transport) and allows for swift construction!

Magnesium based cements are some of the olderst building materials! It was used as mortar by the Romans and used for the Great Wall of China.

SWOT analysis

S Strengths

W Weaknesses

- attachments is done by a nail gum (faster construction!)

- Requires less maintenance over its lifespan(durable)

- using magnesium in other construction materials to make it ‘biodegradable’ and Opportunities with more ‘recycled content’

Threats

‘MgO’ board Horizontal sheeting board (made up of magnesium oxide + magnesium chloride)

- still relatively new to building industry - more expensive than gypsum drywall (plasterboard)

O

T

The supplier -MgO Corporation Aus.

- distribution and supply - media news of reported risk of mould and ‘concrete cancer’ from MgO Boards’ chloride salt content.

MgO Corporation Ltd aims to be more ‘sustainable’ in beginning (manufacturing process) & at its future lifecycle (recycle + re-use). MgO Corporation has also gone the extra mile to independently test & certify their products ! http://magobp.com/ environment-sustainability/

material + product specifications

suppliers near your home!

ENTRY

BATHROOM

Timber decking - Merbau - 70 x 19mm

Balfour Timber 164 McIntyre Road North Sunshine, VIC 3020

Timber posts Recycled hardwood 100 x 100mm Red ironbark

Timber Revival 1/9 Lacy St, Braybook VIC 3019

VELUX Sun tunnel - Frame 460 x 460mm - 74mm toughened glass

Bowens Timber & Hardware 45 Melton Highway Taylors Lakes VIC 3038

Ply floorboards - Red Mahongy - 85 x 19mm

MYM Timber & Hardware 1-5 Slater Pde East Keilor, VIC 3033

BEDROOM 1

Sliding window( 600 x 600mm) - double glazed | rose mahogony - 4mm glass + 14mm argon gap

A & L Windows 30B Commercial Pl Keilor East, VIC 3033

LOUNGE ROOM

HALLWAY

U-value: 1.4 SHGC: 0.35

U-value: 2.1 SHGC: 0.47

lower the SHGC value, less sun gets through

Ecostar Corner window (sliding) - UPVC 4mm + 20mm argon cavity

Magnetite Windows 50 Halsey Rd Airport West VIC 3038

Timber venetian blinds - 50mm slat

Blinds Melbourne 122-188 Ballarat Road Footscray, VIC 3011

VELUX skylight - 4mm Low E glass + 15mm argon gap - grey aluminium

Magnetite Windows 50 Halsey Rd Airport West VIC 3038

Sliding door (glass) - double glazed (aluminium) - 6.38mm outer glass + 8mm argon gap

Doors Plus 276-282 Ballart Rd Footscray VIC 3011

MASTER BEDROOM

U-value: 2.7 SHGC: 0.23

Casement window (1200 x 1200mm) | double glazed - 4mm glass + 14mm argon gap - Rose Mahogony

A & L Windows 30B Commercial Pl Keilor East, VIC 3033

Internal venetian blinds - 50mm timber slats

Blinds Melbourne 122-188 Ballarat Road Footscray, VIC 3011

ENSUITE Window (1200 x 1200mm) - 4mm glass + 14mm argon gap - Rose Mahogony

A & L Windows 30B Commercial Pl Keilor East, VIC 3033

U-value: 2.7 SHGC: 0.23

BEDROOM 2 Casement window (1200 x 1200mm) | double glazed - 4mm glass + 14mm argon gap - Rose Mahogony

A & L Windows 30B Commercial Pl Keilor East, VIC 3033

Timber venetian blinds - 50mm slat

Blinds Melbourne 122-188 Ballarat Road Footscray, VIC 3011

Ply floorboards - Red Mahongy - 85 x 19mm

MYM Timber & Hardware 1-5 Slater Pde East Keilor, VIC 3033

note: all bedrooms to have external venetian blinds

- 60mm silver aluminium slats | rolled edge - manual operation

Sustainable Construction Services 36 Prime St Thomastown, VIC 3074

the lower the U- value, the better insulation it has

STUDY NOOK

U-value: 2.7 SHGC: 0.23

Sliding window (600 x 600mm) 4mm with 14mm argon gap

Bowens Timber & Hardware 45 Melton Highway Taylors Lakes VIC 3038

Ply floorboards - Red Mahongy - 85 x 19mm

MYM Timber & Hardware 1-5 Slater Pde East Keilor, VIC 3033

KITCHEN/ DINING?LIVING Sliding window (north) - 1200 x 1200mm, double glazed - 4mm glass + 14mm argon gap - Rose Mahogony

U-value: 2.7 SHGC: 0.23

A & L Windows 30B Commercial Pl Keilor East, VIC 3033

U-value: 23.8 SHGC: 0.59

Louvre window (E & W) - 500 x 500 mm - 102mm glass blade

Stegbar 40 Mair Street Ballarat, VIC 3350

Louvre window (north) - 400 x 400mm - 80mm timber blade

Stegbar 40 Mair Street Ballarat, VIC 3350

Sliding door (north) - 2100 x 3000mm - hardwood frame

Stegbar 40 Mair Street Ballarat, VIC 3350

Internal venetian blinds - 50mm timber slat

Blinds Melbourne 122-188 Ballarat Road Footscray, VIC 3011

Ceiling fan( + remote control) - 132cm fan with aluminium & ash blades

Beacon Lighting 440 Keilor Melton Hwy Watergardens, VIC 3038

CLADDING: - Hardwood | Spotted gum Chamfer Board Profile - 121mm x 19mm

MYM Timber & Hardware 1-5 Slater Pde East Keilor, VIC 3033

‘passive’ design, ‘active’ relationship

key words: thermal comfort behaviour + routine maintain + engage adaptive model

reflection qns: Lifestyle factors: Are you familar with: - turning on/off ceiling fans? (summer/winter settings) - energy monitoring system Do you prefer: - manual operated louvres OR automated louvres (windows) - central control system or a remote control

- is there a time you can’t open window at night/ during morning?)

- Who is at home the most?

- Is there someone in the family who is sensitive to temperatures or unwilling to ‘manually’ operate windows etc.?

- Are there other external factors to consider? i.e privacy, noise (when open window) Are you willing to...

- get up early to close windows in the morning after opening up overnight?

- prefer central control system on wall or remote control ?

your notes:

your notes:

An example of a ‘how-to use it...’ occupancy training

External venetian blinds

Internal venetian blinds

a Pressing the button (Up/ Down) or turning the control knob (LEFT/RIGHT) for blind to move in chosen direction.

The blind can also be stopped at any position.

Tilting behaviour: press the button or toggle switch in the desired direction. The slat angle is changed.

b Slow down the rotation of the crank before the slats are completely retracted.

The same rule applies when opening the blinds.

To tilt slats: Turn the crank in the required direction.

The slats will open when retracting and close when deploying.

switch

crank

Louvre windows (east & west) c Press the OPEN on the remote control. To partially OPEN it, hold the button & release it. Same applies for the CLOSED operation.

At any time when the louvre window is opening or closing, press the middle TOGGLE button to stop the window.

remote control

Training sessions: - house tour (explanation of how to work the passive solar elements) - In groups (role-play)

post occupancy evaluation - after you have moved in after a week or two, we will meet again to see how you are settling in. We will ask how your daily lifestyle is fitting with the routine behaviour in using your passive solar house.

your notes:

a

b

c

Source: Moore T et.al 2016, Dwelling performance and adaptive summer comfort in low-income Australian households

references/ links/ readings

Building industry/ VIC resources

architects: - solar dwellings - positive foorprints - gruen eco design - maxa design - maynard architects - dimase architects

- ncc volume two (Class 1) - your home - abcb Climate Zone 6 map - abcb NCC Volume Two Energy Efficiency - green star - icanz insulation handbook

model houses: non-for-profit/ sustainability advocates

- Josh’s House - Sustainable House Day (annual event house tours)

https://sustainablehouseday.com/

- beyond zero emissions - greenmoves - ata (australian technology association) - absa (association of building sustainability assessors)

references/ links/ readings

find out more... manifesto EF. Schumacher 1975, Small is Beautiful Pearce J 2006, Small is Still Beautiful Ehrenfeld JR 2013, Flourishing

general sustainability The City of Yarra 2005, Sustainable Design Guidelines Energy Authority Victoria 2006, Energy Smart Housing SDAPP 2009, Sustainable Design Assessment

www.buildingcommission. com.au (6 star requirements) www.absa.net.au (Thermal Performance assessor) www.energyrating.gov.au (energy efficient appliances)

Check out these: The world we made 2050 by Alex McKay Becoming human by design by Tony Fry Digital vs Human by Richard Watson Rethink by Amanda Talbot A Big Fix by Ian Lowe http://permaculturenews.org / http://www.cslewis.org /journal/emancipatingarchitecture-toward-a-more-serious-aesthetic/ https://tifwe.org /cs-lewis-faith-human-natureeconomics-politics/

h as nto

air olid

mal nt

mini dictionary A

B

active systems - ‘mechanical’/HVAC systems as opposed to ‘passive’

Building Code of Aus (BCA) - national building code based on behalf of Aus. government

air quality - amount of gases, vapours, pollens in the air - ‘maintaining’ it to promote a ‘healthier’ work environment

building envelope - the ‘skin’ that separates the interior and exterior i.e walls, doors, windows

E

F

embodied energy - energy expended to produce, transport, maintain a product

Fenestration - design & construction of windows & doors

energy efficient - minimise use of energy imported from gas/electricity companies to maintain occupant comfort

Forest Stewardship Council - non-profit organisation that sets standards for companies to responsibly manage the world’s forests.

I indoor air quality (IAQ) - measurement of the overall ‘cleanliness’ of the air insulation - material that retards the flow of heat (prevent draughts and the summer heat!)

L

C

D

climate change - human activity that impacts the global atmosphere & has effect on long term weather.

direct gain - ‘passive’ energy gain opposed to ‘indirect’ gain methods (trombe walls)

cross ventilation - use of wind & pressure differences to ventilate naturally.

diurnal - occuring in a 24 hour period; daily

G green roof - ‘living’ fauna and flora that assists in air quality, thermal & acoustic insulation & stormwater retention greenhouse gases - density of carbon dioxide containing gases that get trapped in the atmosphere

M

H heat sink - an element capable of absorbing heat eg. concrete floor house energy rating - 6 star energy rating assessment (BCA) required for any build

N

Light-Emitting Diode (LED) - a technology that produces light by causing electrons to flow through lamp

micro-climate - climate in a confined small area with differences wind patterns etc

night purging - flushing out at night (naturally cool from built up heat from day gain)

Low E - glass that has metal-oxide coatins that blocks heat from sunlight

mixed mode - natural ventilation combined with mechanical HVAC systems

non-renewable - a natural resource finite in suppl y because of its scarcity, rapid depletion over time

mini dictionary P passive solar design - an ‘integrated’ building design approach that optimises building’s form, fabric & orientation to reduce energy usage & promote occupant comfort.

S stack effect ventilation - chimney like space that extract warm air and allows cool fresh air through at lower level sustainability - a very difficult word to define... it keeps changing...

V VOCs - chemicals that contain toxic/ azardous chemicals (paints, adhesives, carps, particle board) which effect our human health

P permaculture - self reliant people to maintain agricultural productive ecosystems - food, energy + shelter prefabricated - manufactured prior to delivery & on-site assembly

T Thermal comfort - perceived comfort based on metabolism, clothing, room temperature.

Thermal mass - material that can store heat (concrete, masonry, water walls, brick, rammed earth)

W Whole-of-life cost - analysis and planning (design and management, feasibility) & environmental & economic costs considered

R

S

R-value - measure of the ‘insulating’ ability of the material/element

solar heat gain coefficient - measures how well a product blocks heat from sun

reverse brick veneer - exposes thermal mas to interior to make most of heat storage (passive)

SIP - panels made from a thick layer of foam sandwiched between two layers of OSB.

U U- value - measures the rate of non solar heat loss or gain (lower the value, the greater the window’s insulating value) i.e how well a product prevents heat from escaping!

V vapour barrier - ‘moisture’ barrier, doesn’t allow water thorugh! ventilation - intentional air flow!

Z Zoned heating - control of conditionings like temperature in a ‘portion’/ zone of a building i.e manually (thermal mass)

http://www. greenresourcecouncil.org / green-resources/greenbuilding-glossary http://www. environmentdesignguide.com. au/media/Not11.pdf

r-value (insulation) calculations

Minimum wall insulation: 2.8

External walls

Heat flow up (winter)

Timber lining board 20mm

0.13

Timber battens 45mm (air cavity) Waterproof membrane

0.03

Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Polystyrene board board 193mm

4.73

Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Total R value

5.01

Internal walls

Heat flow up (winter)

MgO board 12mm

0.16

Timber battens 45mm (air cavity) Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Polystyrene board board 93mm

2.70

Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Total R value

2.98 R value Calculator, LID consulting, http://rvalue.com.au/

Minimum roof insulation: 4.1

Reverse brick wall

Heat flow up (winter)

Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Polystyrene board board 93mm

2.70

Oriented Strand board 11mm

0.06

Waterproof membrane 8mm

0.05

Air space wall (90mm air gap with one reflective surface)

0.61

Bricks clay

0.17

Total R value

3.65

Roof

Heat flow up (winter)

Metal sheeting 1mm (colorbond) Waterproof membrane 8mm

0.05

Polystyrene board board 150mm

4.05

Metal sheeting 0.45mm Total R value

4.1

http://www.yourhome.gov.au/ passive-design/insulation R value Calculator, LID consulting, http://rvalue.com.au/

We hope you live well!

Talk soon...

“Passive design is often an unsung hero of green buildings...�

Richard Palmer, Associate Director of WSP Built Ecology