Studio BA-x short report 2004-2005

Page 1

studio ba-x mutations on the edge

CHAIR FOR ARCHITECTURE AND DESIGN PROF. MARC ANGÉLIL - ETH ZÜRICH Faculty: Cary Siress, Julian Varas Guest critics: Philip Barman, Xavier Calderon, Penelope Dean, Hans Frei, Marcelyn Gow, Kerstin Hoeger, Eduardo Leston, Andrew Whiteside, Elia Zenghelis Research Design Studio Winter semester 2004/05

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projects

Perhaps the most tangible evidence that globalization has left on the Latin American metropolis has been the blurring of the boundaries that used to define an urban/rural polarity. This has resulted from a series of techno-cultural developments that made possible a characteristic phenomenon of the second half of the XXth century: the proliferation of suburbia. In Buenos Aires –the second largest spanish-speaking teaching

metropolitan region in the world-, this development took on an unprecedented momentum with the advent the years that followed, the periphery of Buenos Aires underwent radical transformations: from a vaguely

2004 05

of economic de-regulation since the early 1990’s. In

rural space cemented by infrastructures and fragments of nature, to an increasingly continuous carpet of inhabitation organized through what could be called the rule of jump-cut urbanism – the sudden adjacency of urban fragments forming a patchwork with no pretense of transition or formal articulation. What new typologies collaborations

and figurations have emerged from this period of intense transformation? What are its rules and where lie its potentials?

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Framework Governed by untamed fomces, urban cultures in Buenos Aires are increasingly produced by default rather than by intent. On the fringes of capitalism’s realization, boundaries proliferate and disappear in compliance with the economic

urban produce

forces driving expansion. Such circumstances create a palimpsest of qualities, where the sense of non-place is never completely cancelled, nor is the sense of placeever fully accomplished. Here, the wager of assigning fixed geographic identities is scrambled by their constant reinscription into ever-changing situations. The rates at which these changes are occurring, and the varying scales at which they are

zonal eruptions

manifest pose a challenge to sensibilities currently operative in the fields of architecture and urbanism. It often seems as if both fields were outpaced by the very events witnessed and thus, were at remove from that which they record in their attendant discourses. But, when faced with the unanchoring of familiar spatio-temporal registers, both fields also acquire an unexpected fluidity. The confrontation with

adaptive systems

foreign circumstances that unfold in diverse physical and cultural milieus presents an opportunity to articulate global morphogenetic processes in resonance with local and regional developments.

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thinned density 12.10.2007 23:39:49


projects

Site conditions Context Stretching over 40 kilometers, between the cities of Buenos Aires and La Plata, an uninhabited strip of land parallel to the Rio de la Plata remains as one of last vacant territories within the Metropolitan area of Buenos Aires. Comparable in scale to the Zßrich-Basel corridor, the site has resisted development in the past due to its floodable topography and the lack of adequate accessibility infrastructure. Since the late 1990’s, however, the construction of a highway linking the two cities has given the site a new protagonism. By dramatically increasing its land values and becoming easily reachable from both city centers, this vast area has turned into a feasible development option to cope with growing demographic and real estate pressures. Including within teaching

its boundaries the landing area for a proposed transnational bridge, the site has acquired strategic relevance in the planning of the central Mercosur region.

2004 05

Demographics Demography defines equilibrium density as a measure of an adequate relationship between the number of inhabitants in a given area and the availability of services. Following the completion of the new highway, the transit times to both Buenos Aires and La Plata have decreased considerably, setting all the territories along the site, within a radius of at most 25 minutes drive to the center of one of the two cities. This means that the whole site is now within easy reach of all types of services, while its density is still considerably low. If this is taken along with studies conducted by the INDEC and by private consultancy companies (Report from CCI Urbanismo, 1998), which forecast a demographic growth for the next 20 years situated between 400.000 and 750.00

collaborations

(depending on the areas of influence considered), it becomes clear that the areas surrounding the highway will become not just a coveted location, but also a necessary resource for housing developments.

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Topography The strip of land in question was formed over the course of time by lime sedimentation carried by the Rio de la Plata. Since the topography is very flat, there is a geological continuity between the land and the riverbed. This sedimentation process has formed a very fertile but low-lying system of plains and marshes, which are flooded when the river level increases due to the pressure of winds from the southeast. In order to prevent flooding, the level of the terrain needs to be augmented by about 1.5-2 meters. As the earth needed for these works can be easily and cheaply dredged from the riverbed itself, this operation has already been carried out successfully on many occasions. Land-use Increasing its width southward from about 2 km to a maximum of 10 km, the site is mostly uninhabited. With the exception of a few private plots, some of which are currently listed as natural reserves and regional parks. In recent times, vast sectors have been given out temporarily as grazing fields for cattle in order to prevent the encroachment of the sprawling suburb. Approximately 50% of the site, however, is suitable and readily available for private development.

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ALL PHOTOGRAPHS BY JULIAN VARAS

settlements on the north, the area comprises a mixture of public and

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POST-CADALYTICAL METHOD SYLVIE CHERVAZ

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projects teaching 2004 05 collaborations essays 91

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+3.90 parking 30 cars

FLOODWORKS

+3.40 sports

+1.30

CAROLINE ZIMMERLI

+2.90

+2.90

+2.90

+3.40 +3.00

+2.90

+2.9

+3.40

the development close to the coast is proceeding. at the same time topography is redesigned close to the highway - the direct connection to Buenos Aires and La Plata.

+3.20

+4.20

5.00

a

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

b

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

c

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

d

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

e

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

f

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

g

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

h

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

i

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

j

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

k

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

DAM AND TOPOGRAPHY 1:1000

TOPOGRAPHY PHASE 2

+4.20

+5.00 +2.40

+4.40 +2.90

+5.00 emergency parking 80 cars

+2.50 garden

+4.40

+2.40

+2.20

+2.00

+1.80

rio de la plata +1.00

+2.90

+1.60

+2.00 -1.00 +2.00

+1.60 +2.00

+2.00

+3.00

+2.90 +3.40

+5.00

+3.20

+3.90 +6.00

+3.40

+5.60 +5.20

+2.00

+1.00

+3.40

+5.20

+1.80

-2.00

+5.00

+3.80

+3.40

+5.20

+5.80

+4.80

+3.80

+4.20 +3.80

+3.90

TOPOGRAPHY PHASE 2

+4.00

+3.90

+5.00

TOPOGRAPHY PHASE 1 +3.80 +3.40 +2.60

+3.20 +2.80

+4.00

+3.40

+3.20

+3.40

+2.90

+4.20

+3.00

+3.90

+5.00

+4.00

+3.00

+2.40

+1.20

the design of the topography starts close to the coast - the main attractor in the area. another advantage of this +1.20 location is, that the ground is a little but important bit higher up compared to parts further towards the coast or the high way.

TOPOGRAPHY PHASE 3

the development close to the coast is proceeding. at the same time topography is redesigned close to the highway - the direct connection to Buenos Aires and La Plata.

+3.20

+4.20 +2.80

+5.00

SECTIONS 1:1000 1.00m average daily flood level 4.50m highest flood level measured in the area

+6.00 +3.40

+3.40

+4.5 +1.0 +0.0

+3.40

+3.40 +3.40

+3.40

+3.20

+4.80

the 2 centers at the highway and the coast are solidified. now the topography between them grows.

+1.20

perforated dam system

+5.00

+3.00 +4.00 +5.00

+4.40

+2.60 +3.90

+3.40

+2.40

+2.90 +2.50 2 independent dam systems +2.90

+3.20

+2.40

+3.40

+3.50 +3.50

+3.40

+2.80

+2.50

+2.90

+2.90

TOPOGRAPHY RULES

+4.10

+4.10

+1.80

+5.00

+3.00

+5.00

1. a street connecting the highway and the coast has to be maintained.

+5.00

+3.50

+2.40

2. the street has to be elevated to >2 meters = flooded every year once

+2.50

+4.10

+2.20

+5.00

3. the street stays on the same level from highway to coast in order to give to provide the same ground access condition to every block.

+3.50

2 dam systems connected by infrastructure

4. at least 1/5 of the block has to be elevated to 5 meter = maximum height of the topography. no more than 1/2 of the former block should be raised to 5 meters.

+2.40

+2.90

+3.40

+2.00

+3.50

+2.20

+2.90

+3.00

6. topography plaines have to be on more than 2 levels. the height of the levels is an issue of the owners personal risk management.

+2.80 +3.40

+2.90

+5.00

+5.00

+1.80

+3.50

+3.90

+5.00

+1.80 +3.40

+2.90

+4.40

+2.90

+3.90

+4.10

+5.00

+4.00

+3.40

+3.60

+3.40

+1.60

+3.40

+3.40 +2.90

10. the ground surface of the buildings has to be 200sqm<x<1000sqm.

+3.40

12. buildings have to be connected to the 5 meter level, either directly or over the connection to another building.

+4.10

+2.90 +2.50

11. the height is not defined. but density should be more than 50 people/hectar [density of today’s town] and less than 145 people/hectar [density of Buenos Aires].

+2.90 +3.50

+2.90

+4.20

9. the built ground surface of the buildings per block has to be 3000sqm≤x≤5000sqm.

POSSIBLE DAM SYSTEM GROWTH

+2.90 +3.90

+2.90

+4.00

8. parts of the topography can be inhabited but only up to 1/4 of the surface of the former block.

+5.00

+3.40

+4.10

+2.90

+2.90 +3.40

+4.20

2 dam system merging to 1

+3.40

+3.90

13. there have to be connections between buildings of different blocks - also across the street - in order to provide a net that is also working in the worst case scenario and gives access back to the highway.

+5.00

+1.40

14. the distance between buildings has to be at least 7 meters in order to provide light for the public space below.

+4.60

+4.00

+2.90

+5.00

+1.20

+4.20

15. bridges between buildings have to be at least 2.5 meters wide in order to provide an unproblematic transportation of goods in a worst case scenario.

+3.40 +3.40

+3.20

+3.00 +3.90

+3.40

+2.50

7. the topography of a block is accessible to the public - a private garden attached to the buildings is allowed.

+4.20

+2.90 +2.80

+3.40

+3.90

5. there has to be a direct connection from the street to the 5 meter raised area in order to provide emergency parking for cars or other goods that are not waterresistant.

+2.00

+2.80

+2.90

+3.40

+3.40

+2.60 +3.90

+4.20

+3.90

+1.70 +2.90

+3.90

+4.20

TOPOGRAPHY PHASE 1

+5.00

ETH Zürich - Studio BA-X

94 +5.00 +3.40

+3.90

+3.40

+3.40

+2.90

the design of the topography starts close to the coast - the main attractor in the area. another advantage of this location is, that the ground is a little but important bit higher up compared to parts further towards the coast or the high way.

perforated dam system

+1.20

+3.50

+3.90 +3.50

+2.50

+3.90

+2.90

2 independent dam systems

+2.90

Portfolio 2007.indd 94

+5.00

+2.90

12.10.2007 23:42:23

+3.90

+3.50

+2.90

+3.90 +5.00 +2.90 +2.50

+2.50

+5.00

+3.60

+2.50 +2.90

2 dam systems connected by infrastructure


+4.40

+2.90

projects

+4.40 +2.50

+5.00 emergency parking 50 cars +3.50 +3.40

+3.90 parking 30 cars

+3.90

boat storage parking +2.50 +3.40 sports

+3.50

+3.40

+3.90

+2.90

+2.90

+2.90

+4.40 +5.00 emergency parking 50 cars

+2.90

+3.90 +3.50 +2.90 +4.40 +5.00 emergency parking 80 cars +3.90

+3.60 +4.40

+2.90 parking 30 cars

+2.50 boat storage parking

+5.00 emergency parking 60 cars

boat storage parking +2.50

+2.50

+3.50

+2.90

+3.60 +3.60

teaching

+3.50 +2.50

+2.50

2004 05

+2.90

+3.40

+2.50 boat storage parking

+3.90

+2.80

+3.40 +3.40 +4.40 +5.00 emergency parking 80 cars

+3.40

+2.50

+4.40 +5.00 emergency parking 50 cars

+3.40 +3.40

+3.40

+2.50

+3.40

+2.80

+2.50

collaborations essays

+1.70

highway +6.00

+1.20

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+3.90

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+3.40

+4.20

+4.60

+3.40

+2.90

+2.90

ETH Z端rich - Studio BA-X

+2.00

96 +4.40

+4.00

+3.40

+3.90

+5.00

+3.90

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+3.40

+3.20

+2.90

+4.00

+5.00

+2.40

+3.00

+3.40

+3.20

+3.60 +2.90

+3.90

+4.00

+3.90

+5.00

+2.80

+3.20

+3.40

+3.80

+3.40

+4.00

+1.20

+2.90

+4.00

+5.00

+2.20

+3.40

+2.80

+3.40

+2.90

+2.90

+2.90

+3.00

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+2.50

+5.00

+3.40

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+2.60

+5.00

+2.90

+2.60

+1.40

+4.10

+5.00

+2.80

+2.40

+3.00

+2.90

+3.00

+5.00

+3.90

+3.40

+3.50

+3.20

+3.40

+4.00

+3.80

+3.20

+3.90

+3.40

+3.00

+4.20

+4.20

+2.90

+4.40

+5.00

+5.00

+4.20

+1.60

+1.80

+2.00

+2.20

+2.40

+3.40

+3.00

+3.20


12.10.2007 23:42:24 +1.70

+5.00

40

+2.50

+2.90

+2.50

+2.90

+3.40

+3.90

+3.40

+3.40

+2.90

+2.50

+2.90

+2.50

+2.50

+3.40

essays

+3.90

+5.00

+3.40

+2.80

+3.90

+5.00

+2.90

highway +6.00

+3.40

+3.60

+2.90

+2.90

collaborations

+3.90

+3.20

+5.00

+5.00

+3.50

+3.90

+3.50

+3.90

+3.90

+5.00

+3.60

+3.60

+1.20

+3.40

+2.50

+3.90

+3.40

+2.50

+3.50

+3.50

2004 05

+5.00

+5.00

teaching

+4.20

+2.50

projects

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ERRATIC LANDSCAPE DANIEL BLUM

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Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities

Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities Suburban Sprawl vs. New Centralities

GRAFTING PERFORMANCE

Buffer - attra ction

Centrality01

ANDREAS KAST

Centrality04

Centrality04

Centrality04

developing area

Centrality02

private

Centrality01

Centrality01

developing area

developing area

Centrality03

Centrality04

Centrality02

devel

Centrality04

Centrality02

Centrality03

Centrality03 Buffer - attra ction

Centrality01

public

Centrality04 Centrality02

developing area

Are 20

private Area between the mainpublic cities reachable within 20 min. travelling time

developing area

Centrality01

public

public

Centrality03

Combining fragments extracted and abstracted from Disneyworld or Nordelta, theand configuration contains both public and private Combining fragments extracted andCentrality02 abstracted from Disneyworld Nordelta, the configuration contains both public private Combining fragments extracted and abstracted from Disneyworld or Nordelta, the configuration contains both public or and private Centrality03 Centrality01 spaces. inused the gated communities always as a buffer between public and private Publicareas. fragments (DW) The used greenas zones in the gated communities are zones always as a buffer betweenare public andused private areas. spaces. The green zones in the gated communitiesspaces. are always a buffer between publicThe andgreen private areas. developing area

Centrality02

Centrality03

Public fragm

Area between the main cities reachable within 20 min. travelling time

Combining fragments extracted and abstracted from Disneyworld or Nordelta, the configuration contains both public and private spaces. The green zones in the gated communities are always used as a buffer between public and private areas. Combining fragments extracted and abstracted from Disneyworld or Nordelta, the configuration contains both public and private spaces. The green zones in the gated communities are always used as a buffer between public and private areas.

P Public fragments (DW)

Combining fragments extracted and abstracted from Disneyworld or Nordelta, the configuration contains both public and private spaces. The green zones in the gated communities are always used as a buffer between public and private areas.

N. Mixed use

Mixed use

Plots mixed-use

1 3

monofunctional plots: housing Mixed use

monofunctional plots: public monofunctional plots: housing

housing

Plots mixed-use PlotsN.mono housing Plots mono publicPlots mono housing

Plots mixed-use Plots mono public

1

1031

14165

1031

2

4214

3299

2460

3

4013

6402

2 11240 32460

3299 4214 6402 4013

4 857 5 142 6 12442

52 1217 Plots mono housing 2342 4714 4165 8162 6331

N. 7 1 8 2 3 9 monofunctional 10 4plots: monofunctional plots:

Total area (m2) Pe r ce nta ge

N.

4165 11240

307

4 52 857 1217 5 2342 142 4714 monofunctional plots: 8162Plots 12442 Plots mono 6 mixed-use housing6331 housing 8320 20973 1031 4165 7

4 5 monofunctional plots: Mixed 6 use housing

public

Plots mono housing

3299

6402

1031Mixed use

2

5 6

7 8 monofunctional plots: 9 public 10

3299 6402

827

8 2460 9 8571 0

11240

52 monofunctional plots: Mixed use public 2342 142 Total area (m2) 8162 12442 53106

21288 17,5

monofunctional plots: housing

4 3 , 8P e r c2e0n9t7a 3g e 827

5347 2374 10131 46968 38,7

52 N. Plots mixed-use 2342 1 1031 8162 Plots mono public 2

3299

307

6402

4 4214 5 4013 6 1217 7 4714 21288 8 6331

52 2342 8162

3

9 8 31270, 5 10 5347 2374 Total area (m2)1 0 1 3 1

270 9 7 3 8 827 9 N. 10 1

2

Total area (m2) 3 53106 P e r c e n t a g4e 4 3 , 8

21288

11240

2460

307

8320 5347

857 2374 142 Plots mixed-use 10131 12442 1031

2 03299 973 21288 6402 8 2 7 46968 17,5 38,7 52

5 6

2342 8162

7

53106

Plots mono public

4165

307

2460

4013

Mixed use 11240

4214

857 1217 Plots mono public 142 4714 307 monofunctional plots: 12442 6331 4214 8320 2 0 9 7housing 3 4013 Mixed use 5 3 4 7 827 1217 2374 4714 Plots mono housing Plots mono public 10131 6331 4165 monofunctional plots: 307 public 8 311240 20 4214 monofunctional plots: 46968 5 3 42460 7 53106 housing 4013 43,8 38,7 2 3 7 4857 1217 1 0 1 3 1142 4714 12442 6331

20973 46968

Mixed

monof housin

monof public

8320

monofunctional plots: monofunctional plots: Giving theto fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope results in acommon configuration that situation. is similar to the common situation. Givingresults the fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that is similar to the suburban Giving Giving the fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope in a configuration that is similar the common suburban situation. Givingsuburban the fragments 5 3 4 7 a 10 minute walking-time envelope public public Pe r ce nta ge 17,5 8 43,8 3 8 , 78 2 7 The plots are relatively small and fragmented. The monofunctional zones are and the distribution of the mixed-use Total area (m2) 21288 53106 46968 2 3 7 4all areas easilz reachable by feet. plots are relatively small and fragmented. The monofunctional zones are predominant and the distribution of predominant the mixed-use charact The plots are relatively small and fragmented. TheThe monofunctional zones are predominant and the distribution of the mixed-use characteristics, with 9 Pe r ce nta ge 10131 , 5 from 38,7 10 zones is1 7far optimal. 4 3 , 8 zones is far from optimal. monofunctional plots: zones is far from optimal.

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public

Giving the fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that is(m2) similar to the common Total area 21288 suburban situation. 53106 46968 P e r c e n t a g eand the distribution The plots are relatively small and fragmented. The monofunctional zones are predominant 1 7 , 5 of the mixed-use 4 3 , 8 38,7 Giving the fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that is similar to the common suburban situation. Giving the fragments a 10 minute walking-time env zones is far from optimal. The plots are relatively small and fragmented. The monofunctional zones are predominant and the distribution of the mixed-use characteristics, with all areas easilz reachable by fee zones is far from optimal. Giving the fragments a 5 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that is similar to the common suburban situation. The plots are relatively small and fragmented. The monofunctional zones are predominant and the distribution of the mixed-use zones is far from optimal.

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Bu ffe

Bu ffe

ratt rac ti

public private

public private

private private public private Bu - attraction ffe Buffer area developing - attraction Buffer ratt public rac tio public public n public public public private

tion Buffer - attrac

private

developing area

ate

private public

tion Buffer - attrac public

Public fragments (DW)

(DW)

Public fragments (DW)

public public

Buffer Private fragments (ND)

Area between the main cities reachable within 20 min. travelling Buffer Private fragments (ND) time

public

private public

private

public

private

Private Buffer fragments (ND) private

developing area

public

Private fragments (ND)

r - attraction Bu Buffe ffe ratt rac tio tion Buffern - attrac

Buffer

Private fragments (ND)

n

private

development area

public public Bu ffe ratt rac

tion Buffer - attrac

public

private

public

tion Buffer - attrac

private Buffer - attraction

public

Area between the main cities reachable within 20 min. travelling time

ween the main cities reachable within ravelling time

private

n

Public fragments (DW)

public

Public fragments Private fragments (ND) (DW)

ction

public

public private

tio

public

private

n

tio trac r - at Buffe

Area between the maindeveloping cities reachable within private Area between the main cities reachable within area private 20 min. travelling time 20 min. travelling time Buffer - attra private

he mainpublic cities reachable within ng time

developing area

public Bu ffe ratt rac

projects

public

public

public

public on

public public tion privatepublic Buffer - attrac Bu ffe private rprivate att public rac privatetion tio Buffer - attrac

tion trac r - at Buffe

private public

Buffer - attrac public

tion trac r - at Buffe

public r - attraction Buffer - attraction Buffe Buffer - attra ction

on

public Bu ffeB ru-ff aett r raactt tiora ncti

n actio attr er -

private

developing area

tion

private private

ratt rac ti

Buff

private

public private

public public

public Buffer - attraction

public private

n actio attr er -

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Isolated monofunctional podslead combined with the 100% lead to the condition called suburb Isolated monofunctional pods combined with the sprawl. 100% car-dependency to the condition called suburban sprawl. Designing monofunctional zones Isolated private monofunctional pods combined with the 100% car-dependency lead to the condition called suburban Designing monofunctional zones is not a car-dependency Bufferas long as they‘re placed within walking distancebig problem as long asnot they‘re placed within as long as each they‘re placed withinbig walking distance and isolated from eachwalking other. distance and not isolated from each other. tion big problem andproblem not isolated from other. Buffer - attrac As athe response, an envelope is designed around the Fragments creating and to private zones. The distanc a response, anand envelope designed around Fragments creating public and private The distance of thepublic envelope the original fragment is development area As a response, an envelope is designed around the FragmentsAs creating public privateiszones. The distance of the envelope to the original fragment iszones. public determined by an acceptable walking-time. determined by an acceptable walking-time. determined by an acceptable walking-time.

Isolated monofunctional pods combined with the 100% car-dependency lead to the condition called suburban sprawl. Designing monofunctional z big problem as long as they‘re placed within walking distance and not isolated from each other. Isolated monofunctional pods combined with the 100% car-dependency lead to the condition called suburban sprawl. Designing monofunctional zones is not a As a response, an envelope is designed around the Fragments creating public and private zones. The distance of the envelope to the original fragme big problem as long as they‘re placed within walking distance and not isolated from each other. determined by an acceptable walking-time. As a response, an envelope is designed around the Fragments creating public and private zones. The distance of the envelope to the original fragment is Isolated monofunctional pods combined with the 100% car-dependency lead to the condition called suburban sprawl. D determined by an acceptable walking-time. Buffer big problem as long as they‘re placed within walking distance and not isolated from each other. As a response, an envelope is designed around the Fragments creating public and private zones. The distance of the enve determined by an acceptable walking-time.

teaching 2004 05

N Plots mixed-u N public Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots mono pub N Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots mono N. housing Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots mono public N. mono public Plots mixed-use Plots mono Plots mono public N. Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots 1 20680 13178 3114 166756 1 3114 20680 13178 3114 1 166756 14207 1 9181 1 20680 Mixed use 13178 1 166756Mixed u 14207 9181 use e Mixed u use e Mixed u use e 2 22198 25211 6995 32 2 2 6995 22198 25211 6995 44605 14 2 648670 5 32 2 22198 25211 2 44605 12 628 7 4013 3 12536 2081 11231 12536 311231 12536 2081 11231 3 12536 1346 3 39881 3 12536 2081 3 12536 1346 39881 1217 4 83959121 34557 9121 4 housing 4 9121 8395 34557 1 8 8 5mono 8 634mono 4 8395 34557 4 21885 8 6434 N Plots mixed-use 2Plots Plots N. Plots mixed-use Plots mono public 910 4714 5Plots mono housing 249 11916 511916 249 910 11916 615 5 6 8309181 5 249 monofunctional plots: 910 5 6plots: 15 6 8530 1 monofunctional f nc 1 20680 13178 3114 166756 14207 monofunctional plots: monofunctional f Mixed nc plots: s: monofunctional f nc10 0 36 plots: 6331 Mixed use6 u use e 6 6 1 0 0 3 6 6 6 N Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots mono public 7 6 6 32 0 0 36mono 2 53212 8 7 6 766 2 532 2 housing housing n N. Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing 1Plots housing housing n 2 public 22198 25211 6995 44605 housing n 6 320 5 8 90 7 7 5 8 90 7 5 8 90 3114 7 1 1 4 9 4 1346 7 71 1 114207 494 1 20680 13178 166756 9181 3 12536 2081 11231 3 12536 39881 Mixed u use 347 23e8 46 8 8 23 8 46 823 8 46 6995 8 82 32 2 22198 25211 44605 12 688 7 4 4 8395 34557 9121 21885 8 634 374 9 9Plots mixed-use Plots 9 9 9 93 N 3 12536 2081 112315 12536 1346 39881 mono public 249 910 11916 5 N. Plots mixed-use Plots mono housing Plots mono public 6 1 5 6 83m 0 0131 10 10 monofunctional f ncplots: 10 10 10 10 4plots: monofunctional plots: 34557 monofunctional o n 4plots: 8395 91216 monofunctional plots: monofunctional o monofunctional n 2 1 8plots: 85 8 634 6 7 s: monofunctional o n plots: 10 0 313178 1 20680 3114 1 6 7 6 6 166756 2 5321 Mixed use Mixed u use epublic housing n public c public public c housing 5 249 910 119167 5 public c 4 615 6 830 7 5 8 925211 2 22198 6995 2 0 11494 44605 nal plots: monofunctional f 82149 nc plots: 6968 Total area (m2) 64058 75937 Total area (m2) 223897 75937 82149 Total area (m2) 223897 50345 79745 Total area (m2) 64058 75937Total area (m2) 8214910 0 368 64058 Total area (m2) 223897 50345 79745 6 6 3 7 6 6 2 5 3 2 2 3 8 4 3 12536 11231 3 12536 6 2081 8 housing n 378 , 7 5 8 909 7 7 11494 4 8395 34557 9121 4 9 21 P5 e r c e n1 t4a, g2 e 2 8 , 38 7 , 0 34,2 P e r c e n t5a g e 3 4 , 2 37,0 P e r c e n t a g e2 2 , 510 63,3 2 26,35, 3 28,8 46 8 Pe r ce nta ge 8 63,3 28,8 3 4 , 2P e r c e n t a g e P e r cmonofunctional e nta ge 3 72, 30810 4 14,2 249 910 11916 plots: monofunctional o n plots: monofunctional plots: monofunctional f nc plots: 9 9 1 10 0 36 6 6 public public c housing housing n 10 10 0 plots: 5 8 90o n 7 7 Total area (m2) 64058 75937 82149 Total area (m2) 223897 50345 79745 nal monofunctional plots: 11 ation. Giving the fragments a 10 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that combines both urban and suburban Giving the fragments a 20 minute walking-time envelope results in a highly urban configu Giving the fragments a 10 minute walking-time envelope in a configuration that combines both urban and suburban Giving the fragments a 20urban minute walking-timeAenvelope results in a highly urban configuration.8 A huge mixed-use plot is ts results in a configuration that combines both urbanresults and suburban Giving fragments a 20 minute walking-time envelope results in a highly configuration. huge mixed-use plot is 7 a 10 minute walking-time envelope c 2public 3 8 46the 8 characteristics, with all areas easilz by feet. 2 8 , 8 surrounded by small monofunctional Totalwith area (m2) 64058 75937 Totalby area (m2) monofunctional 223897 50345 4all areas easilz reachable by feet. characteristics, all areas easilz reachable by feet. surrounded small plots. hse surrounded by small monofunctional plots. 9 P e r79745 c e n t a gplots. e 63,3 9 22 34,2 P e r c ereachable n t a82149 ge 37,0 14,2 1 10 10 monofunctional plots: monofunctional o n plots: Pe r ce nta ge 22,5 34,2 Pe r ce nta ge 37,0 14,2 public 2 8 , 8 public c 63,3 Giving the fragments a 10 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration combines both urban Giving the fragments a 20 minute walking-time envelope results in a highly urban configuration. A huge 223897 mixed-use plot is5 8 Totalthat area (m2) 64058and suburban 75937 82149 Total area (m2) characteristics, with all areas easilz reachable by feet. surrounded by small monofunctional plots. 7 agments a 10 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that combines both urban and suburban Giving the fragments a 20 minute walking-time envelope results in a highly urban configuration. A huge mixed-use plot is Pe r ce nta ge 63,3 28,8 34,2 Pe r ce nta ge 37,0 s, with all areas easilz reachable by feet. surrounded by small monofunctional plots.

ts mono public 307

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Mixed use

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Giving the fragments a 10 minute walking-time envelope results in a configuration that combines both urban and suburban characteristics, with all areas easilz reachable by feet.

Giving the fragments a 20 minute walking-time envelope results in a highly urban configuration. A surrounded by small monofunctional plots.

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TRANSITIONAL FABRIC ALEXANDER SCHMIEDEL

102

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PUBLIC BUILDINGS SETTING UP OF URBAN CENTRES

PARKS

S WITH A VIEW, I.E. TO THE RIVER, TO A CANAL OR TO A PROTECTED ZONE. ON THE OTHER

BUILDINGS ARE LOCATED INOF URBAN CENTRES.THEIR WHEREAS SOMETO MINOR FUNCTIONS CAN BE DISLOCATED, THE MAIN ZONES URBAN PUBLIC CENTRES LAY IN THE EPICENTRES ATTRACTIVITY. DISTANCE EACH OTHER IS ROUGHLY 1 KILOMETER (EVERY

PARKS ARE LOCATED IN THE PARCEL HEARTS. THEY ARE CONNECTING FOR

PANCY HOUSES IS THE SECURITY AGAINST THE RISK OF FLOODING. CHEAPER FLATS MAY

REMAINURBAN CLUSTERED. SCHOOLS AND SEVERAL SECONDARY ADMINISTRATIVE ARE CLOSE TO LARGE HOUSING AREAS.AND 2ND PARCEL). CENTRES COMBINE URBAN FUNCTIONS BUILDINGS ON ONE PLACE: HOUSING, WORKING, SHOPPING

ITY TO URBAN RECREATION AREAS. AROUND THE PARKS, THE OVERALL ATTRACTIVITY WILL MAKE A BIG JUMP FORWARD.

RESIDENTIAL ZONES SHOULD BE REMOTE TO THE HIGHWAY.

104

ENTERTAINMENT.

GOTTEN AREAS OF THE LEAST LEVEL OF ATTRACTIV-

INDUSTRIAL ZONES

COMMERCIAL ZONES

THE INDUSTRY IS LOCATED CLOSE TO TRANSPORT WAYS, EITHER THE HIGHWAY OR THE RIO DE LA PLATA AND ITS INFLOWS. WATER

WE SEE THREE FAVOURED LOCATIONS FOR COMMERCIAL ZONES:

IS OF SPECIAL IMPORTANCE BECAUSE EVERY PRODUCING COMPANY NEEDS THIS RESOURCE FOR COOLING REASONS. THE OVER-

A) THE MOST ATTRACTIVE POINTS AT THE HIGHWAY, NEXT TO THE HIGHW

ALL LAND ATTRACTIVITY CAN BE RATHER LOW. LARGE PLANTS REQUIRES LARGE AND REASONABLY PRICED BUILDING SITES.

FACTOR) B) THE URBAN CENTRES FOR PROVIDING THE DAILY CONSUMER AND HOUSING QUARTERS. (STRATEGIC CREATION OF VALUE)

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projects

S, EITHER THE HIGHWAY OR THE RIO DE LA PLATA AND ITS INFLOWS. WATER WAYS, EITHER THE HIGHWAY OR THE RIO DE LA PLATA AND ITS INFLOWS. WATER NG COMPANY NEEDS THIS RESOURCE FOR COOLING REASONS. THE OVERUCING COMPANY NEEDS THIS RESOURCE FOR COOLING REASONS. THE OVERLANTS REQUIRES LARGE AND REASONABLY PRICED BUILDING SITES. GE PLANTS REQUIRES LARGE AND REASONABLY PRICED BUILDING SITES.

COMMERCIAL ZONES COMMERCIAL ZONES

SERVICES SERVICES

RESIDENTIAL ZONES RESIDENTIAL ZONES

PUBLIC BUILDINGS PUBLIC BUILDINGS

WE SEE THREE FAVOURED LOCATIONS FOR COMMERCIAL ZONES: WE SEE THREE FAVOURED LOCATIONS FOR COMMERCIAL ZONES: A) THE MOST ATTRACTIVE POINTS AT THE HIGHWAY, NEXT TO THE HIGHWAY EXITS AND EASILY VIEWABLE DRIVING BY. (THE IKEA A) THE MOST ATTRACTIVE POINTS AT THE HIGHWAY, NEXT TO THE HIGHWAY EXITS AND EASILY VIEWABLE DRIVING BY. (THE IKEA FACTOR) B) THE URBAN CENTRES FOR PROVIDING THE DAILY CONSUMER NEEDS. C) BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL OR SERVICE ZONES FACTOR) B) THE URBAN CENTRES FOR PROVIDING THE DAILY CONSUMER NEEDS. C) BETWEEN INDUSTRIAL OR SERVICE ZONES AND HOUSING QUARTERS. (STRATEGIC CREATION OF VALUE) AND HOUSING QUARTERS. (STRATEGIC CREATION OF VALUE)

SERVICES COMPANY HEADQUARTERS STILL PREFER PRESTIGIOUS ADRESSES. THEIR BUILT PHALLIC MANIFESTATIONS SHALL SERVICES COMPANY HEADQUARTERS STILL PREFER PRESTIGIOUS ADRESSES. THEIR BUILT PHALLIC MANIFESTATIONS SHALL BECOME CORNERSTONES IN THE CITY. THEY COULD BE LOCATED IN ATTRACTIVE ZONES AT THE RIVERSIDE OR CLOSE TO HIGHWAY BECOME CORNERSTONES IN THE CITY. THEY COULD BE LOCATED IN ATTRACTIVE ZONES AT THE RIVERSIDE OR CLOSE TO HIGHWAY EXITS WHERE ALREADY COMMERCIAL CENTRES EXISTS. LUXURIOUS SERVICES LIKE HOTEL RESORTS SEEK AFTER UNSPOILT, EXITS WHERE ALREADY COMMERCIAL CENTRES EXISTS. LUXURIOUS SERVICES LIKE HOTEL RESORTS SEEK AFTER UNSPOILT, SECURE, OR CULTURAL ACTIVE PLACES. NEARBY PROTECTED AREAS INCREASE THE WORTH OF AN INVESTMENT TREMENSECURE, OR CULTURAL ACTIVE PLACES. NEARBY PROTECTED AREAS INCREASE THE WORTH OF AN INVESTMENT TREMENDOUSLY. DOUSLY.

PREFERRED ZONES FOR LIVING ARE LOTS WITH A VIEW, I.E. TO THE RIVER, TO A CANAL OR TO A PROTECTED ZONE. ON THE OTHER PREFERRED ZONES FOR LIVING ARE LOTS WITH A VIEW, I.E. TO THE RIVER, TO A CANAL OR TO A PROTECTED ZONE. ON THE OTHER HAND, A KEY FACTOR FOR SINGLE OCCUPANCY HOUSES IS THE SECURITY AGAINST THE RISK OF FLOODING. CHEAPER FLATS MAY HAND, A KEY FACTOR FOR SINGLE OCCUPANCY HOUSES IS THE SECURITY AGAINST THE RISK OF FLOODING. CHEAPER FLATS MAY BE LOCATED IN LESS SECURE AREAS. ALL RESIDENTIAL ZONES SHOULD BE REMOTE TO THE HIGHWAY. BE LOCATED IN LESS SECURE AREAS. ALL RESIDENTIAL ZONES SHOULD BE REMOTE TO THE HIGHWAY.

PUBLIC BUILDINGS ARE LOCATED IN URBAN CENTRES. WHEREAS SOME MINOR F PUBLIC BUILDINGS ARE LOCATED IN URBAN CENTRES. WHEREAS SOME MINO REMAIN CLUSTERED. SCHOOLS AND SECONDARY ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDINGS A REMAIN CLUSTERED. SCHOOLS AND SECONDARY ADMINISTRATIVE BUILDING

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