09 (ii) slate roofs

09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

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Session 9 (II)

Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs 9.1. Introduction 9.2. Waterproof performance 9.3. Construction systems 9.4. Construction processes 9.5. Construction details 9.6. Other materials 9.7. Bibliography

Based on the original presentations by Prof. Julián García julian.garciam@upm.es Translated by Luis M. Martín

A slate roof at La Casa de la Moneda. Segovia, Spain

09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

9.1. Introdution Materials Slate. Slate the finest grained foliated homogeneous metamorphic rock. Foliation does not correspond to the sedimentary layering, but to planes perpendicular to the direction of metamorphic compression.

Not every slate is good enough for roof tiles. See the following links for spanish legislation and production processes · CTE-DB-HS Apartados 2.4.2, 2.4.3 y 2.4.4 Cubiertas) y 2.3.2 y 2.3.3 (Fachadas). Puntos singulares (2.4.4.2): http://www.codigotecnico.org/web/recursos/documento s/dbhs/hs1/100.html · Normas UNE-EN 12326-1 (Especificaciones del producto), UNE-EN 12326-2 (Métodos de ensayo), UNE-EN 22190-3 EX (Sistemas de colocación) · NTE-QTP/1973. Cubiertas - Tejados de pizarra. http://www.boe.es/boe/dias/1973/12/29/pdfs/A25268 -25292.pdf See production processes videos at: www.ehu.es/sem/seminario_pdf/SEMINARIO_SEM_2_18 3.pdf

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Production process.

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Commercial products. Standard forms and sizes for roof tile slates.

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Supplementary Material Nails. Galvanized steel, between 50 mm. in length and 2.8 mm. in diameter and 30 mm. in length and 2.0 mm. in diameter.

09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Supplementary Material Hooks. Galvanized steel, 110 mm. long and 2.5 mm. diameter.

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Supplementary Material Furring, furring strips and battens.

09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Tools Slate hammer and shears

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Vocabulary

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9.2. Waterproof performance Relationship capilarity-slope-overlay

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Capilarity with nail and hook. Case study – rectangular 200x300 slate.

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Spanish rainfall maps. Simplification in 3 regions: 1. Interior of the country, at an altitude lower than 600 m.

2. High zones between 600 and 1,200 m 3. Zone of the Atlantic coast or above altitudes of 1,200 m

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09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Installation: hooks

Installation: nail

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9.3. Construction systems Traditional standards Slate on black plaster

1.- Slate 200x300 2.- Black plaster (4-5 cm.)

3.- Support

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09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Traditional standards Slate on furring

1.- Slate 200x300 2.- Furring (every 10 cm) 3.- Furring (every 60 cm) 4.- Insulation 5.- Support

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Contemporary standards Slate on insulation panel

1.- Slate 200x300 2.- Furring (every 10 cm) 3.- Insulation panel 4.- Support

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09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Contemporary standards Slate on timber board with insulation panel

1.- Slate 200x300 2.- Timber board 3.- Furring (every 60 cm) 4.- Insulation panel 5.- Support

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Contemporary standards Slate on timber board

1.- Slate 200x300 2.- Timber board 3.- Furring (every 60 cm) 4.- Insulation 5.- Vapour barrier 6.- Support

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Contemporary standards Other strategies

1.- Pizarra 200x300 2.- Yeso negro (4-5 cm.)

3.- Estructura

9.4. Construction processes

09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

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9.5. Construction details Spanish standards

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International standards

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Images in this presentation by: Cluster da Pizarra de Galicia, Amado Ramos, Pays Couserans, Bretagne Couverture, The Paulin Slate and Cooper co. Y Miller Roofing. Illustrations by Schunk 2003 and prof. J. Garcia.

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9.6. Other materials Ceramic tiles Wooden shingles

A ceramic fish tile roof at Baker House. Trivandrum, India.

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09 (II). Slate and other Flat Tile Roofs

Wooden shingles at the roof of the church of Kristinestad, Finland.

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9.7. Bibliography Deplazes, A (Ed.) (2009) Constructing Architecture. Materials, processes, structures.

Birkhäuser, Basel Knaack, U.; Klein, T. (2009) The Future Envelope 1: A multidisciplinary approach.

2009. Research in Architectural Engineering Series Knaack, U.; Klein, T. (2009) The Future Envelope 2: Architecture - Climate – Skin.

Research in Architectural Engineering Series López Piñero et al. La pizarra. Un material para construir. Asociación Gallega de Pizarristas. La coruña, 2003 Menéndez Selgas, J. L. Arquitectura y tecnología en la colocación de pizarra en cubiertas. Peymar. Orense, 1993.

Schunk, E. et al. (2003) Roof Construction Manual. Pitched Roofs. Birkhäuser, Basel Schunk, E. et al. (2003) Roof Construction Manual. Flat Roofs. Birkhäuser, Basel Online references English design guide: http://issuu.com/the_building_centre/docs/1033_pdf13 Maintenance videos: http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Pf8xdbtiCM0