Kawthar Kordia.
ARC30004 Sem 2 2020 Swinburne U n i ve r i s t y Unit Convenor: Dr Mehrnoush Latifi Studio Leader: Sergio Sotelo
contents Project 1. BIM + Knowledge : Collaboration and Worksharing 02 03 07
About Renders Reflection
Project 2 BIM Fundamentals: Research BIM in Current and Future Practice 10
Learning Outcomes
Project 3 BIM & Design Decisions + Feedback Loop 16 17 19 20 21 23 25 29
AMDC Retrofit Aim AMDC Level 8 Analysis + Proposed Layout AMDC Facade Analysis AMDC Breathable Facade Logic AMDC Proposed Facade Design Analysis AMDC Facade Section AMDC Proposed Renders Project Workflow + Reflection
Appendix & References
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About Gropius house, designed by architect Walter Gropius is an iconic Bauhaus style building located in Massachusetts, United States. It was designed in 1937 by Gropius and built by Casper J. Jenney in 1938. It was Walter’s residential house at the time and has now become a historic house museum owned by Historic New England.
(Art Deco Architecture, 2011)
(Historic New England, n.d)
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Renders Comparison
(Historic New England, n.d)
This photograph shows the entrance of Gropius House. The sheltered walkway leads you to the front door.
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This exterior render was taken from the revit model.
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Renders Comparison Exterior Photograph
Exterior Render
(Ken Schwarz n.d)
This photograph shows the entrance of Gropius House. The sheltered walkway leads you to the front door.
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This exterior render was taken from the Revit model.
Interior Photograph
Interior Render
(The Wood House, n.d)
This photograph shows the living room in the ground floor.
This interior render was taken from the revit model.
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Reflection Workflow The greatest benefit of using BIM is that it allows multiple users to collaborate using the same file simultaneously. The workflow of this project was convenient and efficient because of BIM. Prior to this unit, collaboration between users in my group was individually working on the file, uploading it to google drive, then the next person would download it, work on the file, share it back on google drive on a loop. The time and effort was unnecessarily dragged because BIM wasn’t used. With BIM, synchronizing allows users to update the model by clicking one button. It was hard to communicate difficulties in the file when only one person could work on it at a time. Throughout this project, I was able to open the file at the same time as my team member when we needed help from each other. Communication through social media was used for urgent help and questions encountered in the project which made the response much faster. It allowed us to open the same file at the same time whilst chatting together to work through the model together.
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An excel schedule sheet (appendix 1) was used to organize tasks amongst the team which was referred to throughout the project. It helped allocate the tasks as well as keeping each member up to date with the current progress of the project as the completion of each task was checked and recorded at the time of completion. It also allowed us to view the timeline of the project, from the day the brief was given, to the day due date. This kept us in check to make sure we met the deadline. We started the project by discussing the tasks that needed to be done through messenger and organized the tasks the need to be done, their order and the time frame we had by documenting it on an excel schedule. Then we researched the building’s plans and elevations to refer to while modeling. We imported the plans into Revit and scaled them to begin to measure. We split the modeling by assigning one member to do the exterior including the site, walls, doors and the floor levels and the other member to do the interior which included walls, doors, windows, furniture and
fixtures. There was a constant cycle between modeling on Revit, recording completed tasks on excel and asking for help on messenger if there was anything urgent. After the model was completed, some interior furniture and fittings were imported through existing Revit families and some were imported through NBS (National BIM source) to later work on the 3D renders suing Enscape. The research had to be referred to so that the renders resembled existing photographs of the building. After the drawing package was completed, it was exported to BIM360 and Adobe Acrobat for submission.
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P2
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BIM Learning Outcome BIM is an important tool that allows collaboration between the architects, engineers and surveyors with their clients and other stakeholders. The database compiles information into a single file that is shared and in sync with everyone. The greatest benefit of implementing BIM in a project is its efficiency in time and money which ultimately improves the outcome of the project, leaving more development and better design decisions that can make a building more sustainable.
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BIM 2A Current and Future Practice Research BIM Design Workflow
BIM International Context
Role of an Architect
Business Information Management allows projects to run smoothly in a much more organized and efficient manner. This is due to the fact that communication between different disciplines are in sync during project management which allows them to coordinate and make collaborative decisions. This means that stakeholders stay on the loop and acquire relevant information in all design stages and construction.
Connecting globally through BIM requires architects to use the same programs and international standards which allows them to communicate in the same architectural language making it easier and much more efficient to work together.
BIM offers clients with a better design service from the architects. It promotes the client’s contribution and approval of design stages which will guarantee satisfaction from the client. Design decisions are shared with them and changes can easily be made in the early changes without adding extra cost to the project which allows more room for improvement and development for the project. Satisfying the brief and the client’s goal means it is successful project outcome for an architect.
BIM workflow is flexible as it allows changes to be made in the early design process which ultimately reduces the cost of the project whilst improving sustainable and conscious designs. Working on the same model also reduces the project’s delivery time which makes it more economical and avoids repetitive tasks/work which increases productivity and makes the project more cost effective.
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Collaboration in an international scale allows architects to expand their connections and relationships that can offer new role opportunities. Architectural firms that have multinational offices can collaborate and communicate together with ease using BIM without having to constantly travel to pass on information with their colleagues in another country. Architects can also work with other firms on international projects which provides them with new experiences and challenges for a chance to expand their knowledge on architectural design through different cultures and practices.
Collaboration through different disciples expands an architect’s knowledge on different fields which can make a more informed and conscious design proposal.
Conclusion Prior to this unit, I thought that collaboration had to be in person where meetings would take place in the same office. Learning more about BIM made me realize that it is easy to collaborate online with multidisciplinary offices simultaneously. Because of this, International collaboration is possible which opens many opportunities for architects to be involved in. Collaboration is more organized and efficient as everyone working on the project stays on the loop. BIM unites people into a single team rather sub teams which means that input from everyone can change the design outcome in all stages. Although BIM is subjected to a certain software like Revit, an architect should not base their design on what is available, rather, they should utilize these tools to achieve their intended design.
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BIM 2B Execution Planning Reflection Planning in advance of a project to create a clearer and organized execution plan will benefit the project in terms of productivity, efficiency in time and clarity. Workflow and execution planning shown in presentations from guest speakers have demonstrated how important it is to set goals and plans within a timeline to create a successful project. Technologies and programs such as BEAM has allowed architects to expand the possibilities of new forms and tectonic shapes through Rhino as it is hard to produce in Revit. Architects should not limit their creativity and designs to the tools available in the software, rather, find tools that will achieve the results they desire. At first i thought BIM would limit the possibilities of our facade designs but tools like BEAM makes it possible to be creative and achieve great outcomes. Another valuable presentation informed us that when developing a new idea for programs of tools, we should ‘start with ideas that save time and money’ and through that back your ideas with data.
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Additional benefits of BIM shown in presentations is how well coordinated a team can be. Having a single model means that it has a single source of truth that will inform everyone with the same material information and scheduling of a project. Any potential issues can be highlighted early on in the project and can be resolved to minimize errors which reduces the cost of a project. BIM can be used to communicate with the client to show the value of their desired project through an accurate model. Multiple options can be shown to the client to review and improve on to deliver a successful outcome.
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P3
AMDC Retrofit The aim for this project is to create a: Cost effective layout for levels 5, 6 7, 8 of AMDC that will create a safe environmnet following social distancing rules. (Short term) Breathable and smart skin design for AMDC that provides the building with natural ventillation. (Long term)
In Collaboration with Nicole Farnell, Nicholas Milligan, Nathan Ghanakas
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Layout Level 8 Analysis + Proposal Level 8 is dedicated to Swinburne staff and researchers with mainly office spaces. By analyzing the current circulation, open and closed areas, seating positions and the area each person has in each space, the proposal expands the circulation by removing 2 walls that enclosed the lounge area which creates a flowing circulation and designed spaces in accordance to social distancing rules. This level now has an entry and exit point separated by a hygiene station, to sanitize on your way in and out, as well as other points in the level for greater accessibility. This level predominantly uses existing furniture but hot desks are introduced in some areas to optimize the number of people that can work there. They are designed to be 1.5 meters deep which is also used to make sure and measure that the people sitting across each other are always safe. The proposal is success by: Following social distancing rulesas seating’s are separated by 1.5m and hygiene stations are included. Eco - friendly as it is reusing existing furniture to suit new criteria which also means its is cost effective.
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Facade Existing Analysis
Pre existing fins “Are modeled to achieve optimum solar shading while achieving transparency and an ethereal three-dimensional shape to the outer skin of the building� - Wilkinson Eyre Architects The diagrams analyses the existing facade and environmental conditions of AMDC. The components of the facade including the rippling fins, provide extensive solar shading throughout the annual period especially during Winter and Summer. The following sunlight hours tests, have been conducted (with surrounding contextual buildings) to show light impacting the glass facade of AMDC. Our proposal ruses the existing facade as an opportunity to improve the ventilation of the interior spaces.
Vertical Fins
Transparent Glass Facade
Winter Solstice Sunlight Hours
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Ethereal - Lightweight in Appearance
Summer Solstice Sunlight Hours
Breathable Skin Logic
This diagram highlights how the air travels through the pipes within both iteration 1 and 2; creating a natural ventilation system. This is in stark contrast to the original spaces which have air ventilation systems incorporated into the flooring and vents which unfortunately are not directly connected to the outside environment and are prone to get dust and other materials caught up in the system. We believe the new facade will allow for cleaner air quality and a safer internal environment, especially for a world where the virus can be easily transmitted in closed spaces.
Before
After
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Facade Proposal Analysis The system works by filtering air through the pipes, into the ‘muscles’, contracting and expanding according to different air pressures. The pipes also block direct sunlight from spaces, reducing glare as most rooms have computers. We know that the already existing rippling fins have been designed to meet the winter and summer angles, hence why the pipes follow existing form/ curvature logic. Understanding the impact of Sunlight, views and radiation when applying the 200mm and the 300mm Pipe Conduit. The variation explores the pipe at various lengths which follow the same curvature form of existing fins. The idea is to maximize the amount of sunlight and views, whilst decreasing the amount of direct sunlight in interior spaces. The pipe will be made from polypropylene and in the color of black which helps reduced the glare, as most rooms are filled with computers.
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Facade Section - Proposed Design This diagram aims to highlight the interaction of pipes with the glass windows and how wind helps move the form of the facade. The idea is that we will have a mesh overlay that interconnects with the glass by having a metal rod mechanism screwed into place. The pipes are then interlocked into the said mechanism, which is connected to a sensor that detects the wind patterns, which then moves the rods in and out. The aim is to have a maximum and a minimum length, so the pipes don’t become unstable and overshadow the surrounding spaces and to be hollow, allowing for natural air to flow into the building.
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Facade Proposed Design Renders
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Facade Proposed Design Renders Through the two renderings shown, you can see the before and after effects of our design intervention. You can see how the facade has been elevated by the inclusion of the pipe forms, and also see how the pipes have slightly changed depending on the angles of the pre-existing fins to allow for maximum airflow to travel into the building
Before
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After
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Workflow Project Execusion + Reflection This project was more challenging as more people were invloved in the workflow. By setting clear tasks and aims through Microsoft teams, we were able to to keep track of eachothers progress and tasks that were already completed to increase effiency. The workflow demonstrated in the diagram shows the porject phases and have been clearly labelled to be referenced throughout the project. A challenge we faced with the faรงade design was using rhino as only one person could work on the file at a time. We decided to assign and split the task of working on rhino while others on diagraming and rendering. We shared design ideas and feedback to collboratively make design descions through Mircosoft Team calls and chats. This is why Business Information Modelling is smoother and easier to collaborate with. BEAM was used to ease the trabsiton of Rhino modelling to Revit but remains difficult to collaboratively work on the rhino file simultaneously. Using softwares like Rhino to collaborate has made us appriciate and value BIM so much more in this project. BIM is shaping the way we collaborate in a positive way and it has made the project develop in an organised manner.
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Appendix Appendix 1
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References Image 1 Retrieved from, https:// blogs.stockton.edu/creativeminds/2017/03/27/ what-are-norms-of-global-collaboration/ Image 2 Retrieved from, https://www.strvision. com/magazine/what-is-bim/
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