Η Λαβύρινθος της Μεσαράς

i'.'-i

JA'1. ,

.;• -J&?

IOOZ OI3VM'

NUdlOWAOWHV NU3N VVVWO HLJA1V ,,ZO0NIdA9Ww

1HX WllVa "I IHNUINV - NVIW

nAa6UplV0

KAAOYIT B. FIAPAFKAMIAN - ANTONHI I. BAI1AAKHZ

nAaeupive c AABYPIN0OI ATYHH OMAAA NEQN AHMOYMOIPQN KPHTHZ

HPAKAEIO 2002

EKAOIH

«AABYPIN6OI» ATYPIH OMAAA NEON AHMOY MOIPON KPHTHI

EHIMEAEIA

ANTONHI BAIIAAKHI KAAOYIT HAPAPKAMIAN

<t>OTOPPA<t>IEI

KAAOYIT HAPAPKAMIAN ©

EKTYPIOIH

PPA0IKEITEXNEI TYTIOKPETA A/XOI P. KAZANAKH Bl. HE. HPAKAEIOY KPHTHI THA: 0810 380882

ISBN

960-87347-0-3

H EKAOIH AYTH XPHMATOAOTH6HKE AHO THN EYPOnAIKH ENOIH IE IYNEPPAIIA ME TH TENIKH PPAMMATEIA NEAI PENIAI HPOPPAMMA «NEOAAIA» Apdon 3.1 HptoToBouAiEi; Neo>v -AABYPINGOI..

ATYP1H OMAAA NEON AHMOY MOIPQN KPHTHI «TO HEPIEXOMENO AYTHI THI EKAOSHI AEN ANTIKATOHTPIZE1 AHAPA1THTA Til OEIEII THI EYPOHAIKHI ENOIHI H THI E.E.Y. KAI AEN MROPEI NA lYNEfWETAI EYOYNH in? E.E. H THI E.E.Y.»> COPYRIGHT: «AABYPINOOX... A. BAXIAAKH£, K. HAPAI KAMIAN 2002

O

E

P

I

E

X

O

AVTI jrpoAoyou

1. KaAouoi B. napcjr/Ka[judv, H neAcTr) rrjg AaOvpivdov rrjg Fopivvac;

M

E

N

7

Jl

2. AvTO)viQ? Z. H Aa6vpivdoq rrjg Foprvvag: Mvdog Km Ylpay^aiiKo^ia

.45

3. ZuvtvTEU^eig [Jie Ttpoowira irou £xouv ^(JiTceipieg UTTO ir] Aa6upiv8o

99

AVTI apxrj niav r] Fia £va oTrrjAaio TCOU TI TuAi'YEt o [xu9oc; Y ia ^

r] 'Hp9a Tcpoowrco \IE irpoowrco [Jie TITJV toTopta Mia lOTopta KaAa cpuAaYH^vii OTO OKOTaSi oToug Toi'xoug TTI^ Tpdrcc^ag Kai jxia dAAri tOTOpia \iia ujroYpacpr) irpiv arro TrevrjvTa xpovia arco Ta x^P ia TOl> TiaTepa JJLOU To 7rapeA96v - TO Ttapov. TO OKOTaoi — TO 'OAa [ji«^i. TO evauo^a Y'« va ouYKpoTT]9ci ^iia O^xdSa Newv, TUOU xpn^""ro5oTri9riK£ ajro TTI FEVIKT) Fpa^(j.aTeta Neag Fevidg Kai uTuooTTipixTriKt: aito ^jua dAAr] «Aa6upiv9o». TTIV AoTiKrj Eiatpia FIoAiTio(jiou TOU Ar^xou Moipwv, yia ir\l TOU 6i6Aiou JTOU c e T E OTa H 6ori9aa TOU AVTCOVT] BaoiAaKri Kai TOU KaAouoT FlapaYKa^idv riTav Fia TOV KaAouoT eva iSiaitepo «euxapioTw».

Fia Tr] (jiur]or] OTrjv ojjiopcpid Trjg OTir]Aidg.

Kai [Jiia euxri. ^ia 7rpoo8oKia. evag va

FENOBEOA XOYITOYAAKH Ar^jiOTiKou Zu(^6ouAiou Ari^ou Moipwv Moipeg. 29 MaTou 2002

T

a TcAeuTaia xpdvia eyivc (juropeoc va npaY^aTO7ioiT]8ei r\. cpwTOYpdcpr]or]. ^a

TTwor] TWV erttYpacpwv JTOU 8iairipouvTai oTrj Aa6upiv8o, uoTepa airo ejraveiArj^Evec; enioKeipeig epyaoiag euro TO KAi[jidKIO Kpriirjg Trig EAArjvuaig Zrcr]AaioAoYiKr](; Eiaipiag (Jie EJIIKETOV K. KaAouoi IlapaYKajJiidv.

Ta euprnjiaia auid Kivr)TOKOir]oav diuTrr] OfJidSa Newv ajro TOV Ari(jio Moipwv. ir\v OTTOia aTTOTeAouoav 01 ZteAXa ToiKvdia], Mapia OoTt:r]. Ap£Tr) ToiKvaKTj, Etprivri XouGTOuAaKr]. Mapta KUTOOU-

], AAe^dvSpa ToiKvaKiQ EAsvr] Oaxdiai.

Me TT^V UTTOOTripi^r] Trig irpocSpou TOU AT][JIOTIKO{) Zu^6otjA(ou TOU ArifjLou Moipwv K. revoGecpac; XouoTOuAaKrj «ai Tr] ou[Ji6outjg AoTiKrig ETaipiag FIoAiTiOTiKrig Kai TouMoipwv. r] ATUTTIT] O^dSa Newv, (ae AaSupivQo^, aveAaCc Tr] ouyKevTpwori. Siaoa>0r] £K(5oor] TOU irAouoiou AaoypacpiKOU, loropiKOU Kai £7rioTr](jioviKou uAiKou TIOU UTudpxei Y ia TO ojrriAaio Aa6upiv9og Kai TITJV 6i6Aiou TTOU 9a ajioTeAeoci orj^avTiKri nrtyl] [Jid9r)or]c; To TipwTo (Jiepog TOU 6i6Aiou eivai rj [jieAeTr] TOU omr)Aaio6ioA6You K. KaAouoT OapaYKa^idv, JTOU nepiAa(x6dvei Tr] cpuoiKri Kai TCXViKrj jrepiYpacpr) TOU O7rr]Aaiou, TITJV jraviSa TOU Kai Kupiwg TTJV Ttapouoiaor] TWV, dyvwoTwv [JiexP1 Ttpiv OTTO Aiyo Kaipo, Ejriypacpwv Kai uJTOYpacpwv TWV CJTIOKCJTTWV JTOU avaKaAucp8r}Kav npoocpata Kai 9WTOYpacpr]9ir)Kav oTa TOixw^ata Trig Aa6upiv9ou.

To SeuTepo [jiepog TOU 6i6A(ou civai r] [jieAcTr] TOU apxaioXoyou K.

AvTWvr] BaoiXaKT] TCOU m:piAa[ji6dv£i Trjv ^u9oAoYiKiQ. apxaioAoYiKrV cpiAoAoYiKri KUI lOTOpiKr) Tipooiy^ior] Trig Aa6upiv9ou KCU ajro5eiKvu£i OTI o [Au9u<6g Aa6upiv9og Trig Kvwoou [jLETa^epQriKE OTr] Aa6upiv9o Trj^ Fopiuva^ ajro aveuQuvri sptxrivei'a cvog [JieTo ipiio ^epog TOU 6i6Aiou 7i£piAa[ji6dvei owrca Jtou exouv EiAJieipieg arto TIQ Aa6upiv9o. Tig irripav 01 veot ir]g AiUTirig OjjLdSag NEWV — Aa6upiv9og airo dio[jia TTOU CITE ei'x«v ia i'8ia ejuoKecpTei' Kai epYaoiet OTO ojirj me ei'xav aKouoei oxeTtKeg [jiapTUpie^ euro jraAioiepoug. Oi tupieg eivai JioAuTttJieg Y iaTl 8t«TrjpouvTai oir) ^vr)(ir] TWV av9pw7twv Kai KaiaYpdcpovTcu cooie va [JITI x«9ouv OTOV xpovo.

Tov ouviovio(ji6 TWV ouvevieu^Ewv Kai 6Ar] Triv UTCTipeoiaKr] 8iaSiKaoia YI« TTIV npoeTOi^aoi'a Trig EK^oorig TOU 6i6A(ou QTIO TTJV jrAeupd TOU Ar)[Jiou Moipwv efye r] 5r][jiooioYpd(pog Mapia Ka8iavaKiri. eiSiKog ouvepYaTrig TOU Ar](jidpxou Moipwv.

H Sri^ooioYpdcpog OwTeivrj EAcu9cpiou 6or\br\oc TOU veoug Trig ATUjrrjg O^dSag Newv «Aa6upiv9og» oTriv irpoeTOi^xaoia TWV OUVEVTEU^EWV.

ZE oAoug Toug napajravo) EKcppd^ovTai 9ep(ji£g

H Aa6vp(vdov

KaAouoT B

EAAr]viKric STtri

•UXpri U>noarf>m3r1 Ui 01110 53iU>nA AioMldg -loyo AOg3Xo- loyo ii»iA lOACjrlliioiioADMi ADAisrh ioyQ 'J3X3 5aoi aoian3 aoi wiiHrlrloM niourjM Arjoiup)i3rhiAD aogAjdagny 5Ui 531113x011:3 10 '5i3O3d -m^3 53Aiy oun 5oiM3 - iio »jyogi(])r]» isXdmm A3y -aoAds aoAm<pdgA« aoi aoian mUioMoyimyoii: AUi IWM 5og3A3ri 010 5odirrl3 ioga»Aio ArjAisris ioyo 3ri AWADXS 01 -5Ui Saorlodgmg 5aoio ATJoUiTJi:d3K 1000 5aoi mA UoUyxodn: »ir) A3gH»3A» soaoysioim 5og U 'odnmmAifyV odntbourodgAO AOI IDM aoyngmy aoi nriUAdaoir) -Ug 01 3ri UA3rhg3gAa3 'lysiot;^ 01 U o^aoysiiriv AOI oun Disdou Ugmm -o» 3onon«iiD Uongoodn; U IMX iiwuoAorl odsimigi sXdUua A3y 'oujyUixo 010 531K3MO1U3 5aoi AnoaoAoAS^ rax AnoaoAUgo loiouo 10 'j -ys A»Xdliim IWM 53A3ido)AnAdo 5o)ga)iiaioiia A»iU 5i3fli3>i no gl

aoi SsXdrj 5u oim AOioiXwyaoi •5UiUd->i 5Ui TJi»3goi^n (j) nxuoid

-aoi »d3io>niA»rilio m ouo »A3 AOiU '5»Aaidoj 5Ui SogAidagny H •aogAidagny 5Ui 5oQ3A3ri 01 is^pioUyii A3g 5corio IQASAIOM 'oomA^ AUio loiAOX HiyUiij mo irjM rjyyrj wdrjosw hio ni3»d» AaoXdrma wurioiny nioriodnij joxayUg 5oA3A 30 pyyn 'nrloAO 01 oian 53AO)irj m» cogs I3d3d> aoi: •UXoK3 UM.mrimd Ui

mm ^

•*-JTWja**»WW»'

.Vil>W!f.^

-f-'

•.

,^fJv"J

-oi»y ouAoua oyr^ri •»riUAdaoir)Lig OAiiirad

0*3 wxdpiin maidoj AUI

aooAidaoDy SUi

oim ndi3rloiyiX £ aouidsu •5forlo ndD03W ^1 -5mUi -oi»XdD 5Ui oAds OA3r1id>i -3MAao oiOKDM 3rl nogAidagny aoi Uouam AUi AaoiU^iOAiQ aou AmAoyo -rnXdn ACOI oirjrIasiooirlUg DxiAoiriUioiirs DI pyyoir iDAig 'aoooA^ 5Ui m -nrloirioA 010 aoi 5i3o»iorjdt)iiBAD 5u oim mx misAind) 5mi:o ix»i 53g(pyngiog 'DrlLiriogoMio oixdnua DAS 5ogAidag»y Q '53AO)io ^^-QJ 5aoi»ia3y3i 5aoi ogAidagwy AOI 3ri AwxUgUyoXor) aoii 5i36iodAAao 10 53gpM3g IDAI 3VHV33W

3

H MEAETH THI AABYPIN9OY THE TOPTYNAI

13

wv 1944

II A A H Y I ' I N H O l 1111 M l . l A I ' A l

H

nuAaioTEpr] ypanTr] nepiypacpr) Trig Aa6upiv9ou eyive and TOV cpAwpevTivd iepco(ji£vo Cristophoro Bouondelmondi o onoiog Tr]v OTiompTiiKe TO 1415. Avacpepei apyoTepa OTO 6i6A(o TOU OTI

ei'Se noAAeg eniypacpeg nrioKenTwv KOI noAAeg vuxT^pickg. 'E9Taoe TOUAdxiOTOv ^JiEXP1

TOV

«0dAa^o Nepou» Kai napuTrprioc OTI undpxouv

noAAeg cmypacpeg (ie TO ovdjjiaTa TCOV ejrioKETiTWV. 0 dyy^og nspiriyriTrig

Oi npcorzg zpzvvzg »..' \,,' ,:

Bernard Randolph. TO

^o. i^ yia ^

..-%«>• •tNi.^i^aMH^^Hnc^

copa OTO oniqAaio. Flpo-

r*'-v '•i-'.-ltvS^S[i(RSSflw>U>''iC^

x(j^P1°£ AiyoTepo and 100m. 600 8r]Aa5ri TO

TOU (jiiTou TCOU ei'xs. Afvn eAdxiOTa OTOIX^IO; yia TO OTrrjAaio, KOVOAoyo yia TOV (jieydAo apiS^d vuxTep(8wv. O ydAAog 6oTaviKog Joseph Pitton de Tournefort e^epeuvrioc crcapKwg TTI Aa6upiv9o Trjv 11 louAiou TOU 1700. ZE ypd^jjia TOU npog Trjv BaoiAiKri AKaSrjuia ErciOTriuwv TO 1704, o Tournefort, ava<pepeTai avaAuTiKa OTO ojrrjAaio. ISiaiTepr] rcpoooxil eSwos OTa avaypa^djjiEva ovdjjiaTa TWV EJTIOKOTTWV Kai Tig r][iepo(jir]vi£g. ava^epovTag [iepiK<i and amd. McydAr] evTurcwor] TOU eKave TO yeyovdg OTI avairruooovTav dorcpoi KpuoTaAAoi OTig eyxapd£eig. METO and Trjv em'oKeipri TOU auTri OTIQ Aa6upiv9o, o Tournefort.

6e6aiw9r]Ke OTI 01 KpuoTaAAoi auToi 8ev r|Tav rcapd (Jiopcpeg ^wrjg. MdAiOTO r] EjiioKeipri TOU. a^Eowg JJIETO, OTO onrjAaio Trig AvTindpou ue Toug TEpdoTioug OTaAaKTiTEg Kai OTaAay(iiT£g TOV eKave va oxr](jiaTio£i KOI va apyoTepa TTJV anoipr) OTI TO oTaAayjJUTiKa cpuTpwvouv and ri avacpopd OTO onriAaio Kavei o dyyAog KArjpiKog KUI Richard Pococke, o onoiog TO £moKE(pTr]K£ KaTd TO 1739 KOI TO nepnaTr]oe oxeSov dAo. Eniorig ouvonmri nepiypaqjri TOU xwpou Kavei o ydAAog Claude - Etienne Savary o onoiog TO £moK£9Tr]K£ 40 xpdvia \icTO (1779). Oi9avd d^iwg o yAwooo[Jia9rig ioTopio8icpr]g va «A(9ouoa

H MEAETH THZ AABYPIN0OY THI FOPTYNAI

Tov OKTWO'PIO TOU 1783 Suo a£io>[iaTiKoi TOU YdAAixou oTpctTOu, o icoAe(jiiKou rcAoiou Philippe de Bonneval KCU o ct^KojictTiKoc; U Mathieu Dumas ejcioK&pTnKav TTJV KpriTr) [it §\.aiayr\U Aou8o6iKou IZT'. H cuiooToAri TITQV jjiuoTiKr) -KaTacKOjreuTiKrV KQI ei'xe OKOjio TTI ouYKevTpuor] jrAr)po(popio)v Yia TQ oxupd KUI Tig OTpaTiwTiKeg 8uvd[JiEig TOU vrjoiou, TTJ 8ioiKT]OT), TOV jTAr)9uo[x6 KQI TTJV oiKovo(i(a. ETTIoK£(pTr)Kav Tt) Aa6upiv9o \ie ir\a Toug KOI Trjv e^epeuvrjoav rtpoOEKTiKa. ITTJV eKSeori TOUQ Sivouv ma E^aipeTiKT) (puoiKri TC£piYpa(pr) KQI TT]V TTpCOTT) XapTOYpOl(pr)Cr) TOU OTCT)AaiOU

15

.U

W

A/

E

1. H xopToypd(priarj TOV Dumas

To 1817 ETCiOKejiTETai TO cjir)Aaio o auoTpiaKog iQTpog KCU 6oTaFranz Wilhelm Sieber (jia^i (ie TOV YaAAo Tcpo^evo de Vasse Kai TOV Ypa(ji(jiaTea TOU Laflechelle. O Sieber, aYvowvTag TTJV emGK£\\>r\V Boneval KCU Dumas, xapTOYpcupiqoe (ie ^eYaAuTepr] A£i:TO[xepEia TTJV

H AABYPIN00I THI MEEAPAI

Aa6upiv9o (^apr^c 2 ), ot][mu>vovTag OTO 6i6Aio TOU OTI Twpa §EV ^Ttop£i Ttia va Xa9£i KavEi'g. Tig ovo[Jiaoi£g TWV x^pwv TOU cmiAaiou £§(oo£ o ypa^uaTEag TOU ydAAou Ttpo^Evou, KOI r|Tav auTEg Ttou Xpf]oi[jioTtoiouoav 01 EAAriveg o8t]yoi.

O AyyAog Tt£pir)yr]Trig Charles Rochfort Scott SIVEI uia ouvTonrj TtEpiypacpri TOU OTtriAafou KQI Tig EVTUTCWOEig TtOU aTtOKO^lOE KOTO TiqV

TOU TO 1834.

0 dyyAog TtAoiapxog Kai (JIEvauapxog Tomas Abel Brimage Spratt ETIIOKECPTTIKE TO OTtriAcuo [xa^i \ic TOV Aoxayo H. M. Drumond. XpiqoiuoTcoiuvTag Tr]v x^pToypd^Tioii TOU Sieber, Tt£pirryri9riKav OE 6Ao TO GTtriAaio SiamoTcovovTag OTI KOTtoia T^ri^aTa rjTav axapToypdcpiQTa. 0 FdAAog yEwAoyog Felix Victor Raulin £TtioKEcpTr]K£ TT]V Aa6upuv9o OTig 17.8.1845. O Raulin KCIVEl [XIO TtoAl) £(JlTt£plOTaTWtJl£Vri

Ttapouoiaori TOU OTtrjAai'ou KCU jjiia E^aipETiKri lOTOpiKfi avaiwy

j t u ^ i | yuw^Ac v\i> v

am

*/ a*r

H xapTOYpdqirjor) mu Sieber

EpEUVWV.

Arto Toug TsAsuTaioug ETtwvu^oug Ttou £TtioK£<pTr]Kav TT] Aa6upiv9o KCU Eypavpav yia UUTTI riTav o yicrtpog Iworicp XaT^i8aKT]g o onoiog TtEpit]yr|9riKE TO onriAaio TO 1881.

H MEAETH THE AABYPIN6OY THI rOPTYNAI

epevvzg

o

\i i OTcrjAaioAo-

YOl

,v f{

re#fitttrf#/vrts 5y .=

',>f.y?t.-Jt!fi

X~!f.

7TOU

ETUOKElpEtC, TO 1982, Sn/ret

JP

w

Su<

£7TlOK£(pTr]-

KOV TT] Aa6upiv9o rjTav 01 K. Zoimrjc,, E. Kovtaprj Kat o n. Pw^avdg TOU VEOOUTOTE ZnriAaioAoYiKou 6 EAAriviKou O(ju'Aou (EHEAEO). 'EYIVQV 2 oAtYori(ji£p£g KOTO Tl^ OJlOl'-

E^ TO ojrriAaio £^£p£uvr)9r]K£, (pcoTOYpa9r)9r]K£ KOI KE. H o(xd8a 8r][iooi£i)O£ i YpacpiKO uAiKO KOI KEI^EVO JXE OTTO auTri TTJV O£ JTEploSlKO KOIKI-

uArjg KOI £(pri(ji£pi8£^.

Auo xpdvia apYOTEpa EjriOKECpTr]KE TT] Aa6iipiv9o T] Kupi'a TTJ^ EAAriviKr)^ ZjrrjAaioAoYiag, r\) Avva onrjAaioAoYcov ir\q EAArjviKrig nc, ETaipEiag (E.S.E.) (N. AEAouSa^, X. NiKoAdou KOI B. ). AiavotXTr)Kav 01 £100801. KOI 01 onriAaioAoYot dpxioav va vouv, va cpcoTOYpacpi'^ouv KOI va xapTOYpa^ouv TO ojirjAaio (x^ *f

.y ^

ff

,i—-.•"••*=-

fmtfrtr.r.jfttxt.

Tci^ts.

H AABYPINBOI THI MEIAPAI

18

H Avva HeTpoxei'Aou 8icmipr]oe Tig ovo[jiacieg Trig xapToypdcprjorig TOU Sieber KO.I ou(jurAr]pa)oe KOTtoieg dAAeg. H cuoTri^aTiKri epeuva TOU OTUTIAaiou SiripKeoe 20 r)[xepeg KQI ou^eTei'xav KOI KQTOIKOI TOU KaoTeAiou.

Ta ajTOTeAeo^aTa SrinooieuTrjKav OTO AeATio Trig E.S.E., avaKoivci>9r)Kav oe apKETa 8ie9vr] KCU eAArjviKa cuveSpia KQI ava9ep^iavav TO evSiacpepov yia Tr] Aa6upiv9o, ava8eiKvuovTag Tr)v a^ia Tiqg.

To T^rnia KpriTrjg Trig EAAriviKrig SKriAaioAoyiKrig ETaipeiag JipayTiqv npcoTr] auTovpia TOU OTig 8 AnpiAiou TOU 1999. AruocpaOTT] ouvexeia rj GUOTrnxaTiKri neAeTr) TOU OTrrjAaiou Kupiwg ooov acpopd Trj [xopcpoAoyi'a TOU. Tig 6Ad6eg JTOU TOU irpo^evrioav 01 eKpri^eig Kai TO ornxavTiKOTepo, Trjv KOTaypacpr] TWV ujtoypcKpuv. H EKirovrjor] TOU (piA68o^ou auTou epeuvriTiKou npoypafjiijiaTog 6pioK£Tai oe e^eAi^rj Kai yi'veTai \it e^o8a TWV (xeAwv nou ou^jjieTexouv. Mexpi TOV Mdio TOU 2002 jroAuneAeig ojmSeg TOU T^rinaTog [xe ejriKecpaArig TOV ypdcpovTa KQI TaKTIKO neArj Toug o^r)AaioA6youg E AeSeyidv. E BiOTaKr), A. BoupaKr], I. NiKoAouSciKr]. H. FewpyiaKaKr], A. Zep6dioi, I. Nd9eva, A. ZTQ(JIOU, K. navayiwTaKri. 0. SaAejjiri. M. ncuraSaKr). M. KoATOiKoyAou. E. KaipeTaKTI, E. ZepSaKr) KQI TO veapo E. OpayKanidv. npaynaTOTtoirioav ouvoAiKO. 13 eTTioKevpeig OTIQV Aa6upiv9o. Oi KcrraypcKpeg ecpepav OTO ^wg rcoAAd vea Kai or)[xavTiKa 8e8o[xeva. H Aa6upiv9og naipvei ^avd Trj Seorj Trig OE ToniKa KOI 8ie9vri ouveSpia. Av KOI 01 epeuveg anexouv apKeTa aKo^a ano Tiqv oAoxAripwori. o oyKog TWV npwTOTUTtwv SeSofjievcov eivai (jieydAog KO.I Trapouoid^eTai iroAu OUVOTTTIKO OTig ejtoneveg evoTrjTeg auTOU TOU KecpaAai'ou.

Ae^td osXida: (pur 2. H cioodot; Bpi'oKerai Kmu cmo

H MEAETH THI AABYP1N6OY THI FOPTYNAI

A

no TT] ouYKpior] TCOV xapTOYpacprioEcov TCOV Boneval - Dumas xai Sieber (JIETO^U TOUC; aAAd KOI ue OUTII Trig Avvac; OeTpoxeiAou KOI ojjioiOTriTec; KOI Siacpopec;. Oi 8uo jiptoTec;, iyivav KOI [ic TTI xpior] (iovo nu^iOac; cvco or] xpovou KOI ei'vai Ka oa^coc; apTioTepr]. Oi Boneval KOI Dumas iypw ox^Sidoei (iia ^ovo eiTOV GTCYjXaiOV 0080 evco o Sieber f^ei KOI TIC; 8uo eiooSouc;, OTT) SUTIKT] a ai eva uovonaTi 8eiOTI TiiQavd auTT) va AeiToupYouoe coc; KUpia. Edv jiapaTr]pr]O£i Kaveic; KO TO 6opeioavaToAiKa KOI TCOV Tpicov xapTOYpacprjOECOV oa SianioTcooei OTI exouv VTIKCC; o(ioi6T n TEC <

H AABYPINOOX THE MEIAPAI

OE avTi9ecr] \>.c TO voTtoSuTiKa OTTOU UTidpxouv crinavmeg Siacpopeg. To T(U|[jia TOU orrriAaiou neTa^u TCOV Suo eiooScov exei aAAoico9e( e^ aiTiag Trig 8ieu9ETricr)g TOU xwpou TTOU e«avav 01 yep[jiavoi OTQV Tpeipav Tr] Aa6upiv9o oe curo9r|Kri Tiupo^axiKtov, aAAd KOI Trig eKpri^rjg JTOU TrpoKaAeoav yia TO KAei'oi^o TOU. H nepiypa9f] TCOV or](ji£pivcov xcopcov TOU OTcriAaiou orccog npoKujiTei ano Tig SiKeg \j.a^ ^apaTriKQI (IE 6dor] Tiq xapToypd^rior] Trig Avvag OeTpoxnAou, ex^i cog H Aa6upiv9og iyti Suo ciooSoug, TIJV KevTpiKri KOI ^i 150m SuTiKOTepa. To T^rnjia TOU Aocpou aKpificog ndvco arro Tiqv avcrroAiKri ei'ooSo avaTivdx9r)K£ OTTO Toug yep(jiavoug KQTQ Tiqv airoxcopriori Toug, TO cp9ivojro)po TOU 1944, COOTE va KAeioei ri Aa6upiv9og KOI va 9acpTOUv £K£i yia TidvTa ooa TiuponaxiKa Sev ei'xav jrpoAd6ei va avaoupouv. XtAidSeg Ku6iKa [xeTpa icETpcoiJiaTog TOU Aocpou £KTivdx9r)Kav (xaKpid a^rivovTag (jiia xapaKTripioTiKri, xaivouoa jrAriyri 6d9oug TroAAcov SeKaScov HETpcov (cpcoT. 1). Zrinepa yia va (JITCEI Kavei'g OTrj Aa6upiv9o npercei va oup9ei avdnEoa oe oyKoAi'Qoug rtou cppdc^ouv Tiqv eiooSo (^COT. 2).

H KevTpiKri ei'ooSog et'xe 8ianopcpco9e( ano Toug yep(xavoug TOV TipcoTo xpovo Trjg KOTox^ig oe eva Toi[xevTOKTioTo TouveA ^rjKoug 20m, nAoToug 2-3m KOI uipoug 3,5m. Tov TepdoTio oyKo [XTTa^co Kpuvav Suo xpovia apyoTepa 01 KOTOIKOI TCOV yupco xwpiwv UTO Trjv ETCOnTeia GTpaTi0TiK(ov TOU 718 Aoxou ^rixaviKou TOU EAArivixou OTpaTou. MeTa Triv EKprj^ri TOU 1961 KOI 01 Suo eiooSoi KAeioTriKav (jie oiSepevia KayKeAa Kai Toi^evTO (9coT. 3), aAAd Stavoi'xTriKav 22 xpovia apyoTepa yia va yi'vei r] xapToypdcpriori airo o^dSa oirriAaioAoycov Trig EAAiqviKfig SirriAaioAoyiKrig ETaipeiag [ic ETtiKecpaAri Trjv Avva FleTpoxeiAou. To ortriAaio TrepiAa^Sdvei 8ia[Jiop9co(jievoug 8ia8po^oug ouvoAiKou 2,5 xiAio^eTpcov TCOU oSriyouv r| ouvSeouv (xtKpeg KOI (jieydAeg Aaa(9ouoeg ouvoAiKrig eKTaorig 9 oTpe(X(jidTCov. A^eocog (ieTa Triv TOi[JievTevia oripayya urcapxei Aa^emri a(9ouoa [xr|Koug 80m, ^eoou nAaToug 35m KOI neoou uipoug 2,5m (^COT. 4).

inHAAIOAOHKH

ETAIPCIA

*

METPHZEIZ: ANNA RETPOXEIAOY- B.KAAOfEPAKHZ N. AEAOYiAZ - X. NIKOAAOY AflOTYnOZH KATOWHZ:ANNA HETPOXEIAOY .

-—""-

\^°*'$<xy

/^r^rri1

••-•>i^-v-r;- ^° ••&£** -:

BSAKOi 01 IHN OPOCH

VMH OPO«Hl

1

» ATC EIIO&O

AKPHJH OPU OV\ACY OIQA4A OPIA irWJUO*

/•'

HAIIEU EAA«Ort ATUTQMEI RAIIE1I

f

A

f

.'*

^ AAlETTEt KO'-ON : ^ YAIKA AJCPHIIA

/" T0f«x Ano -

•" YOlttH AAIEVTOI

9 MEfAAEI HETPEI

W HAAKEI

0

^^ ^mmm^* b't»^«SJ;V«°^i---.J/;,i .

ZriHAAI(X"AABYPIN0OZ" TOPTYNOZ KAINOYPPIOY HPAKAEIOY KPHTHZ (AP. 45)

EAAHNIKH

3

a:

M

XVdVX:-IWX!U SOHNIJAHVV H

•(9 umcb) 13D3K U AQOX3 531D1lX 10 «A3 5l3OmiDtiAUd AQOX3

-odooX AOI odUy»oyo 30 5i3A»(bri3 5Ui 53i3i:3Aao IQ -o]3d)»dA U 53xUg -ouo 5m Diiprimg pdMiri mx AD>iUQUAdaoiriUg a)A3 '53AO)yo>i SsrlriodAoyUy -y»dmi ADxUioiiX 5Ucbodo 5Ui Liooyaiooua UdsipdaXoi »ij •«nori»^o@ aoimd]j» aoi pmag DID Urio>ir) 1013^0)0 Uopg U SDIOIIO 5Ui DidiUAA3A -odiM3yU Diri 3ti sjiUiDiiotbodi^syU IDM (5 'icod)) AO)>iiXDr1odaK Uoa3>iUg -OIID AUi DiA 3>iUgAada3ig DoaogiD U UXoiD» U»iADir1d3A Lii pio^ 'Diarl -Uio»ig p»iAodX oypAsrl DiA IDX p>niDriUiDaD ADoaoiouorliolidX 5aoioiro 5aoi 5aodmX 5aod3iioigi i3o<pd)dorlDig AoXi3 AmidooX codaA AOI moiyprl io>iioip>i IQ 'ArnXodoiDAD Saogoidsi: 5ii oiAacbDiDx ADO DAWID O gl AOI pi -ax ADiAaoioiioriioUdX 5oiat) 5oda)X Q '5Lid)odo 5Ui UomyaiDOKa oiA 'SUrl -oiDig 5UiDiAOAD>iD U 5oiAP)Aogdo 53Aoyo» 53ia3^oy DisriUo odotbpig 30 AaoXdpim 5<pgt)>i UA3irlUiouoiDr1oid3irlDig DAOIAS IDAIS ooaogiD H 53A<pyo>i

10

ZVNAIdOJ 2H1 A O O N U A y V V XH1 H13V3W H

norlodgDig noi DiorlrcXioi Di3dog DJ[ •«oiodio;d£ oimd]j» 01 'Uoodaoio -nig Uupdii U isXdpiia od3ioi3dog oAiy "^I^LIX01 SisopioDig 3ti «/trai -3^3^ noaogiy» U isXdpua UIQ<; OIID pi3^[ -iypii IDX i3fi3A3io Soriodgpig o DisXsAao Ui^; '53AO)iD SnoiDiasysi 5aoi DIDM aogAidagoy SUi Afpiit -3»oiii3 AoorlaAopus 53d)«dA.OKa IDX Amyyp a^oisri AaoXdpira aoiouo aoi Di»r)o)Xioi aio «5oriDyp0 5o?iidod)Ui.o^» 5»A3 ]3gaoyo»y '(5 -ind)) odsi -ogA3 »i oiA. oripdg AOI i3AXi3g Aooiiisxcms 53d)«dA.m3 53i»odpXA3 Uipri 'l aodi3rioig »»pyii DI^[ -p>iiyoiDAD 5odir is^iXsAao omyUito o^ oaog]y» U m* «5o^rf»^o@ 5p(badyi» o 'Ssoaogra 53ia3^Dy oag AaoXdpua 'p»uay -iypi: i»>i misAadasig onoyUuo 0111199 »r)o>m OUD pi3j^f 'oidou U^Udas AUi OIID UAsririDdiosiDM Udxir) DIT) isXdpicn aoiiid3ii UDDIDOIID 33 •(§ -imd)) oriodgpig AOI OIID ui Q^ "3>i idXsri -OAi3i>i3 DIOIIO DI D^oiiri Afioiod^Aao aou Ssigiyods^ AaoXdpua aoriodg -Dig aoi pdaioido IDX pi^sy 'ui£-c;'i 5aorha ID>I m^-[ 5aoipyii Sorlodg

-pig isXdpua SooaogiD 5Ui SoioriUrii aodsioisdog noi p>nyoiDAy •(^ -Hod)) 5U^Ud>i3 5Ui DidsD DI OIID 13»3 DA3r)aog(o ogoig DIT) u^pdd) AaoXs Am^Diiri odisri p>nga>i 5sgpiA -01DM3 5DOaog]D 5Ul D13dOQ D10 013TiUD DA3 33 'Og3Upg 010 1303K

U 53iioddoriioi3 AAOAioX 1D» U6odo AUi OIID pgliyyoxoiiD AaoXs -sri AfoxiAmADdisi AmisxdD aogogrls nogiyoiosgoo ao>iiDAdDri IVdVlHW IH1 X00NIdAaVV H

5DA3 IDX «rtod3jv 5oiioya0» o isXdpim 'UoAfigasiDM Uyyp Alii 5odij ')3g -agouti 13X3 aoii Donogirj UypAsri UrioxD Diri iiDrUpdir IDAIS 119 loiSAiod) Ucbodo AUio piAox DA3»pig Di 91:0 i»x Ssigiyods^ sri pgotbdorloig 13X3 5od<pX o «D3oU0 nodiA\,r» aoi pdsioido »oaogiD Alu^ -DiDrimXioi OA3ri -a3^ny sri Ssoaogio oag 30 iSAUyoio^ -AaoAopcbdoriDig AOI aoir -3^ A(OI 53di3ir 53A3ir1o3ii 5ii OKD Soiogoag pmsXo io>i A» 5agdod) p -do 1OA13 Soriodgpig o «aowdioidjj noiidj^» aoi oisdog -w£ DI 5ofha ODsri 01 SDIOIIO 5Ui 'niQI Saoipyir aoD3r1 mx uiQ£ 5ao»Uri aoaog -ID Diri '«AP)Qid3iXaN 5orinyaQ» o pd3ioido ioi3AiOADig 'UJQ^ 9^0 pi3y\ oioyUico 01 '« oimdjj» 01 9 -5aoi pinrioAo ni <pg3 5»oaogia 5Ui 5Uia» -3»Diii3 lodsioooidsu 10 '53A(iD AoioiXpynoi 5aox '(01 OA3 1DA13

U Uia» 53AO)1» iiox cogs UIOOAA 1DA13 5(oi:o

ooaoQiy»

«5o^3iLad^ vonogiy

•aogAidag -»V ^^ll 531H3MO11I3 SsgpiyiX 5aoi OUD Aoodsioooidsi: A(OI orloidoodii ox -iy3i AGIO p»iiagoiiOA 5odir 5oiAO)d(oXodii ia» '«5c)3oaoiiD/(.y DoaoQiy» AUi '»oaogi» UdmXadas 0x113X0 DIT! 30 p»iyoi»A» 5odu isAUgo Soriodgpig 0 'UIQC; AoioiXpyaoi 5aoipyii ID>I uiQOI A.oioiXpyaoi 5ao»Uir1 ooaogin oiiopdsi t)ir1 i3g(oXDodu 13X3 oioiro DI sri D^puiri 3ri i3gfod)dor)Dig AaoXs ZVNAldOJ 1H1 AOBNUAavV ZHI H13V3W H

'(l\) OgOt>13 'OgOO13 U>lldlA3>l A.U1O

U(J3iri3g AUlO 13AUgO

13/cJyjita Ssiwywu AnoXdwua wonogm AUi Uian 3D ro»

-09 mo

53i3>idrj 3rl •yjoaogro UyoA.3ri »>iii3Xo nirl

-iX3Aao oroyUno oj^ -5i3oLigoiyoiD>i oiro »d3rlLio Liiouyx AOg3Xo «vonoQ -jy Ltyok3'\/\i» U i3Xd»ira •rjiooduirl Dragidxy "ooaogro Uia33-oy UdMiirt Diri rfwyw0» AGIO i3Kt DA rji^ 3 i 3 K OKW rjo3T»A» i3Arj» W A 3 i i 3rl "OIOA 5ody '3^0103 aou aod3A aoi LiAoyyao Ui mk 5o)And) iouorilDUdX A A»Xi3 - o u isUiouorlDU » i nicmo ?n Aroi3dA'o mwifloawd irj» AaoXdnua 'Uod doAOAWio laXdwiia aoito aogAidayoy 5Ui Sodsrl o»ig»Aor! 01 «nod3pj 5ortr}yvQ» Q '«odiAy o^uonj^» 01 'Soriyjyog 3od3iod>iiiri I I.I A O e X M A H V V AOI H.i:-IV:IlV H

•5ogooi3 U>iidiA3» U IDX 1DA13 aoiio «orin](VQ oimd]j» AGIO )3AUgo «5UAQaidy 5nonoQiy» 5Ui ID>I «noriodgmy no?iidM3)f» aoi mosrl aoii ooaogio Uifodu U ioi3>ioidg pmay MOAorldsA 10 ADO3yp»odii aoii U^Udxs AUi 9110 UA3r1ayoig ooaogio oirl '«i\m>iayij oonoQiy» AUio Uiao OIID pisri ID» «DYnoidou Ud>nd^» AUio iSAUgo (pisri IDX UXoiD» OIID) DiAodX DiDfboodu 010 5oA3irlDiiXoyD>i Sorlodgpig o '(91 '1(l)*) UypAsri AUi OIID DiorifoXioi 010 pMiixsyoidaM DAsrlocbdoM oyyp 1D» Digotborisyoii 01 OIID aogAidagoy 5Ui aorioidDgD>i oisAdsAao 01 OIID oyyp 'DA3rioiXioiA3 IDAIS oiorlUyg ID» 1DA13 piao 0110 p»id3y\ -lOAoridsA 10 i3opa3»ooiD>i AoXis aoii -cog 10X101 loioiixodisii D^piiri DIO oosripAD loiAOAidxoig 'oi^sg 013 -OIA -sriioi IDM 53di3ii 3ir1 lOAsrioiiX 10X101 io» 53igiyod3^ 53A3r1oiiXoyo>i AaoX -dpiia <pgg 'ui^f aoiiidsii OIID pisr) orlodgpig oiyoii AOI DIADAAO '5iso -Ugoiyoio» OIID oisriUo DA3 30 is^pdd) AogsXo 13X3 010110 U 'poio n - (^j •10)6) A(OQOO13 Oflg A0)l D1AO)A10»11I3 AUi 01IOXD 3Tl 53]13D>l3g 53Aiy OIID Aldll 13A1A 13X3 DA 13lI3dlI U^OADIg H 'ntylLrl DIDyDlI 3O UA3riAlOAOlg D01O UA31D Dlri DXiyOlDAD 5odll pA1M3^ «01DdlO]dj^ pYUl.DUy» 01 Oliy

•5aoi piorloAO DI isrhpdA U is^pdoX mg3 ID>I AaoXs aoioyUiio aoi 53iii3»oiii3 1Q 'A0iprla)di3ii AmA3Tli3>id3iia AOI Sodpg 01 OIID isgiyg -ft.no AogsXo AnoXs ID* AD 'Ud>odo AUi Dr]p»D AaoAfoyaiooua 53Amyo>i 531A -mAoQdo Ssias^oy '5oy3i 01 5odjj '13D31I AnoXs 5lii 5U(bodo 5Ui Acoipricodi -3K Ami 5i30<pdio 53yyoii 1DA13 '5Ul 5D13ADd)11I3 5Ul

£/£ DI pio>i oioiXpyaoi '5Uiao 5ooaogiD 5Ui og3ii -pg oMiiDtiAodii ox odi/\.y» 010 aoii ooaoQio UypAsri oiri p>iiiagoi3dog 5odii iDisAiOADig 'Aidii IVdVIHW 3HI 300N!dA8VV H

H MEAETH THI AABYPIN0OY THI FOPTYNAI

13. To «Avrpo Mivd)mvpov» 14. Zmd diavoiyiievr] ae (jmd%a 15. 'Eva ano TO doi^mia cmodtJK£vor]<;

16.

opofptj wv dupmiov

29

H AABYPINBOX I HI MF.XAI'AI

E

i'vai apK£T<i TO ojirjAaia TOU EAAaSiKou xwpou OTQ oiroia 01 EJTIOKETTTEC, EYpacpav OTa Toixw(JiaTa (XpuooojrriAtd OoAsYavSpou, Apxaia AaTo^eia Odpou, oirriAaio MeAiSovi'ou, K.d.), OE KOVEVO dfjiwc, 01 EJUYpaqjec, 8ev ei'vai TOGO iroAAeg. Oi ETCIOKETCTEC, EYpatpav KQTO Kavdva OTQ TOIXW^OTO ai9ouowv. Kupicoc, TWV TtAeov a^o^aKpUGnevuv, ujtdpxouv ofjiw^ ETTiYpacpec; KQI OTa

"f0^^070

T(ov

KOLI OTig JTETpeg TWV

OTY]

ETOI- Ol

ec; ujcdpxouv OTTIV «Ai'9ouoa MivwTaupou», OTOV «Avri(popiKO 0dAa(jio», OTO «0dAa(jio Nepou», OTO «AvTpo 0r)oea», OTriv «A(Qouoa TeAeT(ov», OTOV «KaTr](popiKo 0dAa[^o» KCU -xupiw^- OTrjv «AiSouoa Tpajre^ag». H «Ai'9ouoa Tpa:re^ag» (cpo)T. 17) ei'vai r\O OKO(JIOKOI iq TTIO anonaKpuojjievri a(9ouoa and TI^ £iod8ou^ KOI ifcav o TaQjjid^ TUV jrepioooTepcov enioKeirTwv TTJ^ Aa6upiv9ou.

'ETOI SiKaioAoYeiTai TO yeyovoq OTI OTO Toixa>(JiaTa QUTOU TOU 9aAd(jiou 01 ETUYpacpec, ei'vai TOOO noAAeg JTOU t] (iia ei'vai Trdvu OTTJV dAAr] (cpwT. 18).

ME auTdv TOV Tpdiro SUOTUXW? 01 jroAu jraAiEg emYpa^E^ EXOUV xa9Ei yia ndvTa. STrjv ouvTpiiiTiKri TOU^ TrAEiovpricpi'a 01 ETTIOKETTTE^ exouv Ypdipei TO ovonaTa TOU^ KOI Tiq xpovoAoYia ejriOKeipr]^. ApKeTOi Ypd(pouv KOI TTJV KposAeuori TOU^ (xwpio, jrdAri ri xwpa) EVW AI'YOI jrpoo9£Touv TTIV iSioTT]TO Toug. Oi jrepioooTEpec, ejriYpa^Eg (53%) EXOUV avaYpacpsi [is (jioAu6i, eva (jiEYaAo JTOOOOTO (39%) eivai EYxdpaKTEg EVW 01 jroAu JtaAaiE^ exouv Kap6ouvo ^xe eYxapa^1! ^ ^ £va £'8o? Kripo[xjroYid^ xp^t^0110?

T^V «Ai'9ouoa TpaTre^ag» KOTOYpdcpriKav arcd TIC, o(id§£g TOU T(jiri(jiaTO^ KprjTTig TT]C, E.Z.E. oxESov 1.200 EuavaYVWOTEg EirrypacpEC,!

YjidpxEi aKO[jia r] EYxdpaKTt] xpovoAoYia 1444 TTOU ei'Se o Tournefort TO 1700 (cpcoT. 19). AiaTripeiTai aKO(Jia oe KaAr] KaTdoTaorj r) eiriYpacpri Quifu el strenuo Signer Zan de Como capno de la Fanteria (ESw rjTav o ori^avTiKog Kupiog ZAM and TO K6(jio (oo B.haAi'a) AOXOYO^ TTIC, Fanteria) aAAd exei o6r]OTEi ri xpovoAoYia 1526 ((po)T. 20).

H MEAETH THX A A B Y I ' I N H O Y Till fOPTYNAE

31

17. Anoypayri TIOV cmypacpuv arriv «A(dovoa 18. EKmovrddsq a

H AABYPIN0OE THE MEIAPAI

19

32

H MEAETH THI AABYPIN00Y THE FOPTYNAZ

AvTi'9£Ta, Afya (Jiovo Ypd(ji[jiaTa (...TADEUS NICOLAU ..... ) EXOUV [mVEl OTTO TT]V ypd^^^T] [IE

KapSouvo ETiiYpcupri: P.FRANCESCO MARIA PESARO CAPUSINO. PRATER TADEUS NIKOLAUS 1539. AK6(xa euro Tig 5 aKo^a xpovoAoyi'eg nou avcupEpsi o Tournefort ( 1495, 1516, 1560, 1579 KCU 1699) ^ovo rj teAeuiata OW^ETQI paty \ie TO 6vo(jta OIKONOMOY. Kdjioieg ajro Tig ei'vai npay(jiaTiK

iypuv ai<6(jia KQI 9upeoug (q>G)T. 21).

AuoTuxwg, 01 OW^OHEveg iraAaieg ujroYpa^eg eivai eAdxiOTEg Ka8wg 01 ireexouv KCITQf EITE ajto (pucioAori cp9opd CITE j r v o ) Toug ATTO irAeov iron uiroYpdv(>£i TCOV 18° aiwva Eivai o SAVARY

. W xP°vo^°Y'a TO 1700

nou efte dei o Tournefort

20. Quifu el strenuo Signor Zan de Como capno de la Fanteria 1526 21. ©upcdf TOV Pedro Debusal (1511 ) 22. H vnoypacprj TOV Savary (1779)

H AABYPIN9OI THE MESAPAI

(1799) ((pUT. 22)

KQl 0 Kd-

TdoKOJiog DUMAS (1783).

Avd(ji£oa OTIC; ujioypa9£g TOU 19OU aiwva £EXcopi^ouv auTEc; Trig apxcuoAoyou ELIZA FABREGUETTES (1832), TOU ytaTpou KOI £juK£9aArig TO)V TOTE UJHlpEOlWV UyEl-

f" '

34

• '*'f^

ag Trig KpfjTrig JOSEPH CAPORAL (1882), TOU dyyAou nAoiapxou T. SPRATT (9WT. 23) KOI TOU Aoxayou H. DRUMMOND • TO 1843 '. Auo

KEg- Etvai TOU apxaiocpiAou MINQA ANAPEOY KAAOKAIPINOY (9WT. 24) o oiioiog £TitoK£9Tr]K£ Trj Aa6upiv9o 9.7.1861 8r)Aa8r] 17 xpovia npiv KQVEI avaoKa<p£g OTrjv Kvwoo KGI TOU KOpu^aiou Kpr]ToA6you (9iA6Aoyou, ioTopiKou, apxaioAoyou) ZTEOANOY ZAN0OYAIAH (^COT. 25), o OTroiog ETTIOKECPTIIKE Tr) Aa6upiv9o 29 ETWV, OTOV riTav aKo^a Ka9r)yr)Trig OTO Fujjivdoio NEanoArig (1893). SuvoAiKa o api9(i6g TWV EuSiaKpiTcov U7roypa9(ov oTr] Aa6upiv9o UTU£p6aiVEI Tig 2.000 KOI KQTU ouvTpurriKri jcA£ioipr)9ia (ox£86v 97%) avr]Kouv OE 'EAArjvEg. STO ^EyaAuTEpo TTOOOOTO Toug, 01 unoypa90VT£g Eivai KprjTIKOI (78%) -Kupi'wg QJTO TO vo^o HpaKAEiou KQI TU xwpid Trig MEoapdg iSiaiTEpa- aAAd urcdpxouv uTioypcupovTEg OTTO 6Aa TO yswypacpiKa 8iaH£pio(iaTa Trig EAAdSag. AjrAoi dvopomoi, TTOU yia Toug aiwvioug Aoyoug KOI aiTiEg E7iioK£9TriKav Trj Aa6upiv9o. Kpoo£§(ooav lEpoTrjTa OTOV '•

Af arjjjieiiiidi:! 01 mpiodoi imv. Kara rotif jro/Uouf. aval yvworo on o T. Spratt eye cpda orrjv Kpr/rr] n'vai TO 1851 -53 Km 1858-59.

11 MHAI-TH T l i v A A B Y P I N B O Y THE FOPTYNAI

26

23. T. Spratt. H. M. S. Beacon 1943 24. H vnoypCKpri wv Mivuct Avdpeou KaXoKmpivov (9.7.1861) 25. Zreqxivog EavdovdiSnq 1893 26. MepiKa ano TO ovo^ara

H AABYPIN00I THE MEEAPAE

•^

-av y<!fWi v fl^*£U . . ••

v-ft * :*•! r. 26). Aev TOUC,

KQl

TQ

C

OTCIV jtepTtciTouoav OKOCToec; Tr]^ Aa6up(v9ou, navw KOI avajxeoa OTQ xciAdofjiaTa. Qea)pouoav TtdvTug OTI acpou £(pTaoav OTO 6a9uTepo ori^eio, SIKQIOUVTUV va Ypa^ow EKEI TO 6vo(jid TOU^ ((parr. 27). Kdiioioi U7T£YPaxljav K<^" TO airo Toug TTpoYovoug Toug, £va> dAAoi ETiavriASav —oe jxta TiepiKTuoiq (JiETa 40 xpdvia- KCU acpou 6pr|KQV Tr]v UTTOYpacpri Toug TO OTineiwoav. STQ 1952 OTQV YIVOTOV r] rcpwTr) eKKaSdpior) TWV KupojjiaxiKwv OTTO TT] Aa6upiv9o, KQTIOIOI OTpaTicoTE^ arto auTOuc, nou ou^(ji£Te{xav OTT]V ipav TO 6vo(jid Kai TQ OTOixsia TOUC; oe -32 OTO ouvoAo- KCU TT]Q aTtooeoav OTTJV «A(9ouoa r. 28).

( sojapisoddiii sni/cfo/oun/yj 5od>o]fOAid iidxtri /-] '(rf

LulmMoun mx 5orioidoQO)j •#£•

30

aoir Ugi3 A3g ACOyOgAOltDO A(01 DglADK

-oxb

>»» oioyUiio 01 ipiAoiusaefuV /(odX 01 oyo Aao^Diy ' ' • ' Dgiimarlodxiri, ID» (u/nu

-oyoAidoAodi ' ucfo/ourujf) 5od)oyoAidod>mr)] A<pidi orioip oAiy 'SsiDisyx t»ni>iDdu iDAis aoioyUiiD noi logoo -13 10 IIDIA iod>mf1 ayoli i.DA)3 ACOgidsiXaA AOI lOTrloaQUyu 10 o

vt.

i"

Uio

'DtloDKiy D1A ADOaOIOlIOTiloUdX D101TO Dl '5a01 DADdUO>l Dl

i '< 1D>I

ADAIDAUK 'orisyou AOI OIID Aidu idXsrl ID>I 3101 OIID A<pid(oX mdaA, Ami io>noip>i 10 Dioiypj^ wrogidsiXaA aorlgido aoypAsrl 5oA3 U^ -doom Ui Aaod3d)DAD '53iUAUid3K 10 '5aoi DA3ir1i3>i DI AogsXo oyp 3 XVNAldO.l 3HJ. AOSNIdAaVV 3H1 H13VHW H

H AABYPINBOI THI MEEAPAI

'OAa TQ £iSr] rtou 6p£i OTT] Aa6upiv9o KOI £^(0 euro cunr], £ £upuT£pr] KOTavojjiri OTIQV Kpr)TT]. KOVTQ KOI OTIC. 8uo eiooSoug urtdpxouv TtAr]9ui TOU TpwvA6(ptAou TTJ^ (Troglophilus spinulosus) evu OTTI SUTI, £10080 UTTOpXei

TOU (JUKpou OKOprciou (Euscorpius carpathicus). To 1900, o •yspiJiavoc; ^woAoYo^ Attems.

38

•

\--

•

.•- .»

ei

£7IlOK£(pTT]K£ Tiq AttSuplV-

9o KQI ouv£A£^£ 8uo KQIvoupia £i8rj apdxvr]^. To Eva ovo^doTr]K£ Jipoc; TI^rjv TOU Minotauria attemsi EVCO TO dAAo ovoHaoTr]K£ Hoplopholcus labyrinthi.

To H. labyrinthi £X£i 7rAr]9uTtou 6p(oKovTai KOVTCI OTI^ EIOOO^Q. OTO o:rriAaio 7rAri9uo(jioi TOU SurAoTioSou Acanthopetalum furculigerum minotauri KQI TOU ^iKpo Bathytropa granulata.

30. To evSri^iKo opdojnepo Troglophilus spinulosus 31. O piKpog oKOpmos Euscorpius carpathicus 32. To ovo^a rov ^woAdyon Attems ma Toix<i>nma r^f Aa6up(vdov (1900) 33. Apdxvcf TOV £i8ovg Hoplopholcus labyrinthi nov avaKaM>(pdriK£ yia Ttpiinrj <popd arr] Aa6vpivdo. evu ^evyapuvovv.

H MEAETH THI AABYPIN0OY THI POPTYNAI

,

33

•UoUgoiyoiD>i Diri AoioiXpyaoi isAiogriao 'SopdiDig 5U»iA. 5U>iiAUyyg 5Ui 5UiUd^ DrlUrlx 01 91:0 aoioyliuo aoi Uisysr) UxuDriUioao U soLiAi^s^ aoir 6661 01 9Kt) oioiXpyaoi 'oAodX 3gp^ •Acogooi3 oag AOI a^Disr) odmX AOI odUy»oyo 30 DiUio>niDio Ui DIHUDiriDdg 13OO)A13g11t3 AQoXs 1DJH 5Ul DrlUrll DA3 ISfhsdlODlD* AQoXs 531

-Ui>iDiD>i lOAoridsA 10 ADO3yp»odu aoir Sis^Ud^s IQ -53uoddor1ioi3 AOOA -jaX '13O3U AnoXs A3g 53oo ID» Ucbodo AUi OUD )3gUyyo>ioiiD Amyyou 5aodpg ID>I Amdisri A<p>iiAO)ADdi3i Amgp>i3 53>ngiyoio3gov •Amiprloodisii AO)A3r1i3>id3iia Ami 5odpg 01 OIID iDiAogiyg -Aao 53Aoyo» Ssdsipooidsu IQ 'DiDriUygodii D>IIIDIO pdogoo 5Ui -Uo DI AogsXo oyo 30 is^iiioisrliiAD 'SogAidngoy piodUA. U odsrlLi^ •5od3i 5odmX IDISAIA Soysi ID>I 5sidpX 5aoioXdD 30 OApir 5i3O3g -py3 5u 911:0 Diri isAdiou aou 0103901 ^D oxuoidaoi oriUopig 'aorioDtiaDg ao>iiyogD» OAsriisxiiAD IDISAIA 'oi^pioA.d3 DAS '5odmX 5oioi3i 5»A3 aoup 5i30o)iuid3ir 53ioiXpy3 5u OUD 5moi IDAIS 10^ -AaoypA.g DA ADysgU o>i -lya o>iirioY 'oiDyUiro oisAoua o>iDio(ouaiA3 ID>I oypA.3ri DAS Aao^pud) DA ADxo)igm3 A3g aogAidagoy 5Ui ioA.daoiriUg 19 'UAOxo lii IDX Dimdgi AOI 'D10)AX Dl 'AOAXay AOI 5aOAUD>l

5aoi OUD UmxiAiroiiD odiocbo

ClOQA,lU(\QK)\f

-oriio Diri 30 DO3ri 'oiao ' od -0)

/

010

loucodgAD 53gpiyix -5oiDirio)Xioi UriDgmo 3gp» so AcoisyDAds

OVV5)f

ITO^

ACpXIllCDXO A0)l DlgpriUO Dl 13A

-id>iDig DA isdouri upri odisup om 01 IDX orio^y 'Amxiya Afpxiri

Ol

.

L)D\

-og U^adp^s AUi DiA 5oiao 5odmX o SMUgXsyms OOK DidUnd>i DI 5mADd) -odii ADiU 'piao Diorimdio DI iDiAaoyyoMoiio DIOKO AUi sri Diyo>ia3 U

IDX aogiyoiosgoo ao>iiDA.dDri aoi AOiprlmdio A«I 5oXpu oyUy -ypiD» 01 'Did)DdAoiDrimdio Di^^ido U 'Uiaosgox Uiao Uosg H 'oisrioiDy oiUAXsi DA3 Diyogi(brlD 5idmX IDAIS SogAidagDy IVdVlHW IH1100NIdAaVV H

H

H MEAETH THI AABYPIN0OY THI FOPTYNAI

Aev urcdpxEi a[ji(pi6oAia OTI, OXETIKO cuvTOjjia KOI dAAa Trig Aa6up(v9ou 9a KAeioouv. iTaSiaKd r) Aa6upiv9oQ 9a Oi jjivr][i£g, TCOU riTav TioAiTic[iiioi Tpocpr) yia aiwveg, 9a xa9ouv KOI auTE^. Apay£ 9a Eivai auTO TO TEAo^ (xia cpuoioAoYiKri OUVEJTEIO r) 9a Eivai t] ouvETTEia TT]^ aYvoiac; KOI TT]^ aSiacpopiag 6Awv, KOI jiEpioooTEpo TWV Oi rcpa)To6ouAiE^ KOI 01 jrpoojrci9Ei£c; TWV oxcriAaioAoYwv TOU T[jir)KprjTrig TTJ^ EAAriviKrig ZrcrjAaioAoYiKilc; ETaipEia^ va KOTaYpdvpouv KOI va avaSEi^ouv TTJV jroAiTiojjiiKri a^i'a KOI TO Tcpo6Ari(jiaTa Trig Aa6upfv9ou aAAd KOI r\i TOU YpcwpovTOc; OE OUTT] Trjv ei<8ocr] TOU Ar)[jiou Moipuv, ajrooKOjrei CTITV Euaio9r)TOJToir]OT) 6Awv. 0£Aou(ji£ va TUOTEUOUHE OTI (Ji£ Tr]v Koivo^oirjor] auTwv Tuv SESojjievwv aAAd «ai ooojv aKoAou9r|oouv, Yiv6(jiaoT£ 6Aoi ouvujr£u9uvoi yia OUTO JTOU xdvovTai. AJTO^EVEI OE (ia^ va a^ioAoYr)oou(ji£ Kai va iepapxiloouiJi£ Tig Eu9uveg auTeg KOI Eav Kpivou^E OTI Eivai or](jiavTiK£g 9a ^pETcei va EVEpYr]oou(ji£ WOTE va 8iaoo)9£i r) KAr)povo(jiid [xag KOI va ^£Ta(p£p9£i' GE mo XEpia, OTO x^pia TUV TiaiSiuv

H AABYP1N6OI THE MEIAPAI

EniAEFMENH BIBAIOFPAOIA BONNEVAL P. ET M. DUMAS. 1783.

Reconnaissance de Tile de Crete. Mia avchcSoTti UUOTIKITI EK9eot] TOU 1783. tAemtppaor] ara fi/Wr/vira F NiKoAdov KOI M. ncmvdKti. EVSoorif MTOC. Pcdupvo 2000. aa 319.

BUONDELMONDI C. 1416.

Descriptio insule Crete. Mcrdippaaf/ ara EMrjviKa Mdpda AnooKirrj. ZiM/loyof /loAmon/oif Avdjnvfyc; Hpcudefou, 1981.oo84.

POCOCKE R. 1745.

A description of the east and some other countries. Tome II. London

42

RANDOLPH B. 1687.

The present state of the islands in the archipelago. Sea of Constantinople and gulph of Smyrna; with the islands of Candia and Rhodes. Oxford.

RAUL1N F. V. 1869.

Description physique et naturelle de l'ile de Crete. Paris SAVARY C. E. 1788.

Lettres sur la Grece. faisant suite de celles sur 1'Egypte.

Paris.

SCOTT C. R. 1837.

Rambles in Egypt and Candia. London. MeTacppaorj TOU mr|(jaToc, TOU 6i6Aiou yia Tnv Kprrrr] Ai'^a EKKCKCiKri, SCOTT C. R. 1837. nEpirryriccic, oTriv Kpr|Tn. PcSujjivo 1995.

SIEBER F.W. 1823.

Travels in the island of Crete, in the year 1817. Memtppaori am EMqviKa A. MovoTpr;. EKSoosu; laropriTrjf. Adijva 1994. aa 306.

H MEAETH THI AABYPINMOY THE FOPTYNAE

SPRATT. T. 1865.

Travels and researches in Crete, vol. 1 pp 341 -342.343-347.

London MDCCCLXV. TAEGER B 1996.

O KpiruKOc; AaSupivSo^. Bepjxr) - Pe9u[ivo. oo 95.

TOURNEFORTJ. P. 1702.

Description du Labyrinthe de Candie. Mem. Acad. de Sciences. Paris pp. 219-221.

TOURNEFORTJ. P. 1717.

Relation d'un voyage du Levant, fait par ordre du Roy. Contenant 1'histoire ancienne et moderne des plusieurs isles de 1'archipel. de Constantinople, des Cotes de la Mer Noire, de I'Armenie, de la Georgie. des frontieres de Perse et de 1'Asie Mineure. Tome I. pp. 562. Pan's. nAPAPKAMIAN K. KOI H BIITAKHI 2000.

EvxapciKTCc; imoYCKpec; EJUOKETUCOV oiti Aa6upiv9o 1115 Fop TUVCK;. 2° ZuveSpio Meoapdg.

OETPOXEIAOY A. 1988 XmiXaio «Aa6upuv8oQ» Fopiuvog HpaKXciou Kpiiing A.Z.M. 45. AsMo EAA^vwcrif ZnrjhaioAoYiKrjc. Eraipei'ac..

19(1 ): 160-165.

FIAATAKHI E. 1973.

ZEVOI (puoioSitpai. Y^WYpcupoi KCU irEpiriyriTai ircpi Kpriirj^ Kara TOD? IB' - 10' aiciva?. A^Mdsia r. 235-10J3J4:1 -83.

ITAATAKHI. E. 1973.

SmiXaia KQC dXXai KapoiiKai (iop^ai Tt]^ Kpriing. T6fto<; A. oo 414. HpdKfoiov Kpr/rr/c; 1973.

XATZIAAKHZ I. 1881. ^ Kptiiriv. Ep(i07ioXi^. oo 117.

43

H

Aaffvpivdog FopTvvag

Mvdog &

vYj Z. ApxaioAoyoc;

-ojj aoi 5oiA. o io» 5Uy»odH oiy aoi 5oiA o '53odU loypAsri oag 10 Aaoio -o^og DA Uridod)D OA(pgi3OOjj aoi 5odaoi o 1013 3AiA.g^ •(o/iragoo'»^y aoi 5odnoj) 5o3oU@ o 3omio>io AOI aoiro 'DAmgodow AGIO odsioAdo 3MUg -3dg 5odaoi 5oAagAi»m3 iox pyyo 5o>ii3g o 5piay •(5Uj.Ud^ 5/u 5odanj) Uy>iodiq aoi 5aoygp oxsgcog 5aoi OIID 5DA3 3A1A3 UiUd^j AUio aoi Uch -Uyyao U 3100) 'OAagAi»iK3 0001 3rio>i3 AOI IDM odaoi AOI ayou 3fh3idAD 'aoi UosXooua AUi 3oUi3go aou 'OOAI^V AOI i3gU»ig>i3 DA DIA 5oAO)g -13OOJJ 0 'odaoia)Aiy\ AOI 3OUAA3A. ID» Upd)ioojj U 3omdpA.a35 Aoiao od -aoi AOI 3y\ '(aoi aoiiDyou aoi OKU» AGIO U) aoi Digpuo>i DID 3oUipd» AOI lox i3Dpioag AOI DA soUysg A3g 5o(OAiy\ o aou 5od)dorlo ayoii oo -01 ADiU 5odaoi o 'DDDoypg Ui OIID odaoi ADAS isyisio DA 3oUiU5 aoi 'DAO)gi3oojj AOI aoi3g aoi AUriu 5odir i3opioag DA 5oiAoy3g '310110^ •3oaoiU^ ii'o ADA -ig3 aoi og io3g 10 110 3a3ioiii ID* SodoipdxoAori 3Ai3rl3 ioig/ 'DAogUi: -doj AOI (Di»ay) oioy pd»iw l^io io» UgAorlpgoj AOI (53gpy?ia)j 5iio U) oiioiog Uio 'aoi 5aocby3gD 5aoi soido^ 1D» aoi U»ig pMiiDisyxoiiD DisyioDg Ui 3y3gU 5op)Ai^v o pyyo 'ADa3yioDgrlao no IDISAIDC)) pxiX -dy '5UiUd)i 5Ui OApdg AGIO DAOidsioy piyioog AOI AoxUgXsgDig (A«g "SagADripgDj '5a)Aiy\f) Diy ^01 IDM SUiwpdag 5Ui IOIA 5i3di IQ aoi ID» ^soiiicodaq 1) \/ >-!,/ 5Ui SaoiA. 5aoi aoi 5aoXogDig 3AD»3 aou 'oidsioy U DAOid3ioy 5UiUd^ 5Ui piyio -og AOI sri Uumdag AUi 3(hsdiA -pii 5o3g 5oypA.3ri Q '(10T^n8 -ig oag U) loriagidi loiA 5i3di ADxUgUAAsA. 5aoi UDCOAS AUi ouy - (5UyDg -13D) aoi oyyad) DI i3AXid Uri DA 3xUQUAoya3 3101 OICD SoADipyii Q '(noi -3D aoi -aoo)^ aod3i aoyyp aoi Ud>dor! Ui 3dUii aod)D OADipyir AGIO QA -pir U) OADipyir DAS OKD coipx 'pMucods 5Ui i^orl 3»Ugo)A3 aouo 'DAaidoj UID Dioiypr) IDM 'UiUd^ AUio 5U;niAiO(j) 5Ui piyoiA -od»D AUi OKD Uiio)dag AUi 3d3(b3 'aodaoi Ud)dori Ui sri IVJV33W 3H.L 30C-)NIdAaW H

o

^

-iy\ AOI sri AaooUAoyo>iUgAao OA 'orioUdX ADAS 5oiAO)gaoyoMD ' -OMADAO loiDAUgy IQ 'odo)X Uio oir)UgiK3 Udsgod) oiri symos aoic 'oiy aoi odaioir aoi msgUog Ui 3oUiU^ 5coAij/\ o 1»» odioM Aayoii 3oUipd» 5oAUgy 5Ui Dwdoiyoit ^ -ao3AodgAy aoi aoiAOiodii aoi t>iAo6oyog Ui )3gU>ng>i3 OA DiA SoAUgy 5Ui AOIIAOAS AOiU aoi Di3iodio>i3 UIOOAA om H 'Ssisiodio^s IBM oigi^oi pyyou soUiouoioriAodi: - 5UAi3>i3 5UXoii3 5Ui 5oidoiod>ioiaD 5U»uaDA SUdsiayoAsri 5Ui 5piyioog 5m >5mAi^[ Q •oomA^j AUio oriUriogoMio oidmysu DA3 'OQAidag -»y AGIO 3Oi>ipyad) 01 5omAiy\ o aou AO oyo(b3>iodaoi DA3 'SodaDimAi^Y o 3»UgUAA3A Uiao UomA3 AUi oiiy -Lipd)ioDTj U 3»Ui(had>i OIOKO 010 oo -sri -5ogpy3AO Driroiorio OAiya^ »A3 3Ooa3>iODio>i aoir aoypgioy aoi 0139 -Uog Ui 3ri aoi i^ori s^iriog^ -odaoi oiodm AOI 3>iUia3imd3 UpfbiDojj H •iya>io oxiAori DA3 io» adog DAS soidpX 5Ui 5mAiy\ o IDX ')3ga3imd3 3X13 AOI aoii 'SidModjj oooiKiMAidir oiOAUgo U soays DO)Aiy\ aoi DiA.pri oj^ 'odaoi oiodm AOI sri oigi U 3omdpAa3^ 110 iDi3A3y %53iao aoi 53iiomo 5ii DIA ]3gU>iig>i3 AOI OA OIA oioiypv\ -aoi 53A3r)P)d3 1O ADA1Og31I O1OKO Dl OIID 'Dlgld) ID* lOllldOMO 5l3gfOldUlUyUg

aoi oridsiio 01 OIID AaoAioAg DA 3xUiopdDio» AOI aoi D»iDAaA. oooiApri U DiUioidUioodg U>iiimd3 AUi oy 'SsdiAp 5ao3A sri io» 53(biriaA ID» 53g -imdU sri 53imd3 SaorioApdoii io» pigiou ogOA oyyp IDM 3X13 5omAiy\ Q •5odaDio)Aiy\ SoiifodgApdaoi o AOiU DAmgisoou aoi odaoi oxisg AOI sri 5Up6iDDjj 5Ui 5oiA 5ogoj\ -odgiod) ID» UAgpidy - U>iigo -Dxy U Uyypxy '5o»aDyj 'Amiyoxasy '5a3diD^ 'SmsAodgAy : 5Ui io» DOAJW aoi pigioii 001X0 ioiAod3d)DAy 'oooiyioog Ui DIA oiorioAO oag 01 ID* ADoUiouoriioUdX iod)pdA.ogari 10 110 1D13A1D(J) -aoidsioy aoi Udo» 'UiUd^ Ud)riaA U Dyaoiioyioog Ui DmAi^ aoi o»iDAaA. isysg UA.Dy -yodoii Uyyp oiw •5Di3gUy\ SoooiApri 5UypA.3ri 5Ui Disg ID* UiUiy aoi 5Ui '5U>idi^ 5oDDiApri 5Ui UAysgo IDX 5ogiUDd3Tj 5Ui IDX ao a01

^do* 'Upd)iDO[j AUi 'UiDApgo oiri D>iioAaA ADomg3 aoi ID* 'od

-3iioigi soaoriu AOI aoi 5od3ioii o aoii 'DCOAI^J AOI ADOUIIDAD io3g IQ '5D3OU0 DAO)g130

1VNA1JOJ IH1100NIdAaw H

H AABYPIN00I THE MEEAPAI

vcoa ajto8£x6[jt£voi oAoug Toug opoug UTTOTayiqg. O mo £Jiax9rig opog r|Tav o (popoq a^arof, ri anooToAri, Ka9e xpovo (ri Ka9e Tpia n £vvid Xpovta) £jnd v£(ov KOI £jrra veavi'Stov OTTO TTJV A9r|va cog Tpocpri yta TO TEpag MtvcoTOUpo, ooov Kaipo 9a i;ouo£.

'Chav ecpTace TI TEAEUTOIO aiuooToAr] VEWV arco TTIV A9r|va, (jia^i TITOV KOI o jipiYKiitag ©TIOEUC;, yioc, TOU IlooEiScova Kat SiaSoxoc; TOU SaoiAid TTJ^ A9r)vag Aiy£a. H ^piyKi'niooa Trig Kvcooou ApidSvr] EPWTEUTTIKE TO TTOAikdpi TT]C; A9rivag Kat TOV 6or\Qr\o£ [xe TOV \j.iio KOU TOU ESwos va 6p£t TO Spo^o ^Eoa OTOV Aa6uptv9o yia va CKOTUOEI TO TEpag MtvwTaupo.

METO TOV (povo TOU MtvwTaupou, TI AptdSvT] ecpuye OTIO TTJV KpiqTT) (jtay HE TOV ©Tjoea, aAAd OTTIV jropEta o ©Tiosug TTJV EyKaTsAEtipE, EITE yiaTI avajrouoe TT)V AtvAr) OTTIV A9T)va, EITE yiaTi 01 9Eot KQI ot Motpeg SEV r(9EAav TO yd(jio Toug, aAAd Jtpoopi^av TTJV AptdSvri va ytvet yuvatKa [XEydAou 9£ou, TOU Atovuoou.

0 Aiovucoc; avE6aoE TTJV AptdSvr) OTOV 'OAuniio cog ejrtoriHri yuvaiKa TOU KOI Trig xapi°£ ^vo OTE(jt[jia Swpo TOU 'HcpatoTou. To oii^a OUTO, eva ojiouSaio r](paiomt£VKm Epyo, oupi9uva [jt£ dAAr) TTapaAAayri TJTOV eva OJTO TO Swpa nou EIXE KOVEI OTTIV Eupunr] o Atag, OTOV TT]V dcpiqoE OTrjv KpTiTri, Kat auTT] TO ct9rio£ OTOV Mtvwa Kat amog OTTJV AptdSvT).

AUTO TO OTe^^a TO sSwoE ri ApidSvr] OTOV Qr\oia va TO (popEOEt (avrt yia TOV yvuoTo (jttTo) KOI OUTO TOU E^evY^ [Jtsoa OTOV Aa6uptv9o yia va 6pet TOV MtvwTaupo.

STO xpdvia TOU Mtvtoa ^OUOE OTTIV Kvcooo o a9T]va(og Aat'8aAog. Ei'xe sp9st OTTJV KpriTrj uoTepa a^o eva eyKArnjia TTOU eKa(jte OTTIV jtaTpi'Sa TOU KOI via TO OTTOto KOTaStKaoTriKe oe e^opt'a. ITTIV KpriTr) eytve o EJIIOT)(jtog apxtTCKTovag KOI •yAujrurig TOU Mt'vcoa. KaTaoKeuaoe OTTIV Kvuoo TO avaKTOpo, TOV Aa6uptv9o, Eqma^e TO 0^0(0^0 ayeAdSag yta TTI.V Oaot(pdri KOI 6ori9rioe TTIV AptdSviq KOI TO ©TIOEO OTO cpovo TOU MtvcoTaupou.

0 Mtvwag TOV TIJJLWPTIOE KAsivovTag TOV OTTI cpuAaKri txa^t ^E TOV yio TOU 'iKapo. O iravE^u^vog [irixaviKog SpajTETeuoe neTwvTag ^e (pTepd JTOU (Siog.

H AABYPINOOI TUX FOPTYNAI

And TO Epya TOU Aai'SaAou, TO mo ^QKOUOTO otyoupa r)Tav o Aao'upiv9og. O Aa6upiv9og TITQV Eva mAwpio TiaAaTi JTOU aTioTsAouvTav cmo eva ou^TtAEYna aioouowv Kai 8iaSp6[i0v, JTOU rjTav TOOO [nrep8£[Ji£voi [XETa^u Toug. Ttou \i.6vov o [Sioc; o Aai'SaAog unopouoE va 6pet TOV 8po[xo [X£oa o' auTO. MEOO OTO oiKo86[jiri(jia QUTO EKAsioe TOV MivcoTaupo, TO TEpag nou r)Tav Kapjro^ TOU Si£OTpa(i(ji£vou EpcoTa Trj^ Flaoicpdrig \i£ TOV Taupo ajro TT) 9dAaooa.

Epyirjvda TOV Mvdov O (Jiu9og TOU MivwTaupou Kai TOU Aa6upiv8ou SiaTriprjoE OE 6Ar] Tr]v apxaioTiqTa (JIEXP' tig [i£p£g y.a<; TT]V avd(ivr]ori TOU MiVWIKOU TToAlTlOjiOU, OTOV 07IOIO AoTpEUOTOV O TdUpOQ KQl UJTT)p-

r) oiKo8o(jirnxaTa oav TO avaKTOpa Trig Kvwoou.

O Taupdv9pco^og MivcoTaupog OJIEIKOVI^EI Tig TEAeTeg OTig o^oiEg 01 iEp£ig 90pouoav TrpoowrcEia (i£ [Jiopcpri TaupoKE9aArig.

H As^r] Aa6upiv9og cri^ai'vEi OTiqv apxaia eAAriviKri yAcoooa TOV OIKO TOU MSpuoc;, OTTOU M6pv£ Eivai o SuiAog TtEAEKug, EVQ ano TO 6aoiKa ispd ou[Ji6oAa Trig ^ivwiKrig 9pr]OK£iag. O Ad6pug = SiTtAog TiEAEKug Eivai xapav(Ji£vog oe JioAAeg Aa^euTEg OE (juvwiKci avaKTOpa KOI dAAa oiKoSo^riiJiaTa. aAAd TOI KOI OE aYYEioYPa(Pl/e?< o^paYiSoAiSoug K. a. e ouvr)9(og wg aoTpiKo-rjAiaKo ou(ji6oAo. Ti 7tapaTripT]OTj: Ilou9Evd OTr) Aa6upiv9o Trjg FopTUvag SEV ava^EpETai - Ttpog TO jrapov - rj u^ap^r) TOU ou(ji66Aou auTou.

49

rax UgAoripgod 'OOAIW 5aoiA. 5isdi 5aoi ADOUAASA IOM 5Ui -o)A3 IDM DAaidoj Uio 3dsd)3 AUj^ 'UiUd}j AUID 5aoyyp sri $orl Uiroyprl -Xio 3d3d)3 AUi ID* Uiioodag ooomi>iAidii AUi 3(t\3y>i3 'UpHiAiod) Uio soasi aoii 'aootoA)} 5Ui 5oiri»A)du 5»A3 AOiU Sodarjj^ Soi^du Q 'y 101D(OAA 1OA13 5odflOJ[ »^0^9 01 3ti A01QD 3rl DAO)(briaj '(DIOAOASA D1Q31O

-iiro) ^miojUD ;d3/j, aoi oA.d3 010 odaoinAiw ^.01 oiA. UoUA.Uig UMiQari Ui i3gpyid3U 3X13 aodsriUag aoi SUiUQori '5oiod)ioyoij 5oioup){ -aog -Aidagoy aoi ID>I aodaoio)Aiy\ aoi aogari aoi oi3AUrid3 IOM UAoyyodoii AUio DAO^ 'UosgAsdoit U>iiA.oyogOQ3ri Ui Uiao OUD •('X 'i£ 'in aoi aoi Sodmgoiy -idoioi 5oy3Mi3 o 3ooo3ig Acogair] ACOI 53i3AUrid3 -idsriUas Ssyyou -5aod)oooyid) 5aoi3dao>iii:3 ID* 5ao>n«io 5aoi ID* ori -a3Aii o^iprlmd 01 ADoasiUoA. io>i 53>nioiAoyogdo io» Ssxiioiyogriao IDAIS 53i3AUrid3 IQ 'Ssriu Ssdsiioigi ADOo)g3iiD 5aoi piao tiA. ro» 5aoi 5aoi AOoUisAdsas aoii 'loioidoXs^ loucodgAp ADIU AOOQ -ari A.COI SscodU 10 io» 1039 10 Uiao oid(03Q Ui 3ri DAOcbrlaj 'odsriUag o>i -idoioi oy3»ix AOI oiio sxUiopr) -OAO 5(oiio '5prioid3rlUa3 o 'Acogarl ACOI oidcosg UmasAUrids oiri 3» -UioioaodDir - -11 -10

Q

Uio pooiA^ AUi ouo aogAidag -oy aoi aogari aoi 5pdod>oi3rl 5Ui UoUAU^s AUio Aaoyypgriao IIDIA 'mg3 AaogdsdiDAO OA i3^i|y -5oiUioioXdy SUdsioa 5Ui oupdX OID AOAiA.3 aoii aogari aoi 53)3AUrid3 53»iA.oyogdo 10 io>i 5o)go» 'odaoio)Aiy\ AOI oiA. 5i3oUAUig 5i3di sri UA.oyyodoii Uyyp oiri io» Soorio AaoXdpii^ •UIOOAA odsioooidsii i3AiA. 13X3 aoii Uiao IOAIS aogAid -agoy aoi io» aodaoicpAi^ aoi aogari aoi UAoyyodoii Uiipdii

H

3VJV33W 3H1 300NIdAaVV H

50009 isomiAO^s DA IDX isoaodxoiiD DA 3oaodoirr1 aoiw 'piyUuo oirl 30 3»Uicbnd» ID>I 3A.ad>35 5oAi3>i3 ID» Aaogpyyno AOI DA 3ymo3 SCOAIJA; 0 '5ao>ioog 5aoio 3ao>ipim A3g ro» 5ourodgApidAD SAIAS somypAsrl ADIQ, •AaoomyoAsr) AOI DA DIA 5aoxoog 5aoio sorogsdoir AOI aoiw '9Aaog 010 3yi3io3 AOI 5roAiy\ o '(noi Dd3iDir aoi3g aoi ID>I ao»ioad) aoi DI -ortoAO DI 3dUir) odaonpAi^ ADODiri9AO oj^ 'isomiAO^ 01 DA soUysg A3g pyyo sds^U 01 SOAIJA; o ID* 'odao^ AOI Dd3iDii 3X13 Upfbiooij AUi 9110 3XUgLlAA3A aOK )g1DK OJ^ 'Llp6lODIJ AUl 3r1 Ud)DlT3 U>l1lO)d3 3X]3 A3g 1DM

DrlUooA oiDigodd)D OIDIAD 91^0 3X00113 SOAI^Y o aoir ogoidsu Alii aoi $ -oirl 35iriog/ 'UpcbiODU U masirods 3X13 AOI aou 'piyioog aoi Digaoyo»D AUi OUD '5pid)dorio SDIOID^S idpxiyDir O3A DAS ADiU Sodaox 5oiidi Q - j •UAgpidy aoi Ud9>i AUi D>iiDAaA 3omg3 aoi 5UAaooriraAAa3 Uoodd)»3 5m ID* odao^ AOI isomioxo DA D3oU@ AOI 30 -UgUog 5oo)A]w o '°dat)l 9>"iUyXoA3 AOI 91:0 isAoyyouo DA sysgU aoir 'DCOAIW aoi Uoid»A.3 3i\o 9dUy»o AOI isoUdrorlii DA DIA UiUd^ AUio 3gdU 5o3oU0 o 'DOAiyj AOI pxiiods 3Aa3d)9itD UriA.uo Digi AUi aoir 'Upd)ioD]j Dooiyioog Ui srl 9Tlo3g o>iiio)d3 3X13 IIDIA IDM 009 'aoi piUi9d -Uy»o Ui DiA. 0091 'DCOAI^Y aoi oioao^3 U>iiyioDg Ui oiA 5oAagAi>im3 ADIU 59iao 5odaox Q 'fi03A9dgAy aoi Uriu 5odir orlog AGIO sooioag DI DA A9ADQ11I 1DM 3>lUlOldl3XD13rio>lD>i Dl 119 'ADlU boilO 5odUy»O '1D13A)O(I)

•oygDU3 01 sdUir io» 5aoiao 53AmAo 5aoio soUxiA aoir Soicpdit o ADiU Sodaoj^ 59AUiodio Q -ao3A9dgAy ouixAidii DAUgy AUio aoAsrimioxoox -igo aoi UriUArl Uio i3god3igD» AoXi3 aou A(OAmAo AOOI UiU»iA AGIO oyg -DK3 5(0 ADlAOAlg DyyD '5odaDl(|)AHY 5od31 01 3AOdl3 Dl A3g U AOI 9UO AOlAOAmiOXO A3g DAUgy AUl 91ID DlglDK D3A Dl 9D(OA

Ami 5oioriiD odod) AOI sri ioi33gAao aoir 'SoiimdgAD 59 aoi 59AUiodio ADiU '5odaDip)Ai^/ U Sodaoj^ 5od3ia3g Q - g •Sodaox orioA9 01 IDM 3X13 'Uucpdag AUi 3ch3diApu 5Diy o oioiro AOI 3ri '5oid3ioy 5UiUd^ 5Ui 5piyioog o io» D(OAI]/\ aoi 5od -3iDir 5o) Uo3ir1 Ui 01:0 isAasd) Soiy o Uiao UAoyyodDir AUi 3ri OAmcbriao 119 iDisAiDd) -5oAaid9j 5Uy9K 5Ui 5Uiadgi iDii3dm3g 5oiao 5odaox Q IVNAIdOJ IHI ZOGNIdAaW H

H AABYP1N9OE THI MEIAPAE

\

, '

,.

53. 1QANNHI MAAAAAE (2T' ai. |i. X.)

X .Q o v o Y Q a <p t a (IV, 107 - 108. "Ex5. Bonnae, 1831).

^

52

.

.

-^

*£v d& Tolf avcDT^go) %g6voif hefavra 6 'Avdgdyrjof, 6 vldf Tfjf IIaai<pdr}f xai TOV MlvwOf, fiaaiMtof Tfjf KgrJTtjf diaavTcaf 8e xai avTOf M(vco(o)f iTeAevTtjae, xai Ixehevae ^AAcov TeXevTav ftaoiAevaai Tfjf KgfJTrjf TOV MtvtoTavgov. xai fteTa TTJV TOVTOV TeievTfjv TOV Mivwof IfiaoiAevoe Tfjf Kgr/rrif 6 Mivd>Tavgof, 6 UaaKfArif. vlof xai Tavgov TOV voTaglov avTfjf. xai vfigiv A.oyt£6ftevoi ol avyxArjTixoi Tfjf Kgr/T^f TO fiaaiXevQfjvai vno TOV. MivwTavgov, d)f f*oi%oyevvrJTOv, avaxev&^ovrai avTuj xai inai TOV Qrjada, coj yevvalov, TOV viov TOV Alyataif, Tfjf OeaaaXiaf, elf TO Ttofefifjaac avTu>, avvra^dpevoi nqooloe.lv TOV Mivcajavgov xai TTJV y&oav naaav, xai diddvai avTco xai TT)V adeAqxrjV avTov elf yvvalxa, Trjv 'AgidSvr/v, rrjv ix Ilaoupdrif xai TOV Mlvcaof fiaaiMwf el%e yag and tfjf IJaaiydrif xai TOV Mivcoof TOV 'AvdQoyrjov xai TTJV 'Agiddvrjv. xai fjWe XO.T OVTOV 6 Orjoevf elf Tfjv Kgr/Tr)v i£ai<pvrif, xai navies edaqvTeg TOV MtvutTavQOV ol avyxXriTixol xai 6 OTgaTOf £do£av tpevyeiv rfjv n6hv FtigTwav. xai yvovf 6 MivcoTavgof T-TJV ngodoalav e<pvye xai avtdf elf Tfjv Aa@vgivOov %<ugav xai ave^Bdav ev ogei elafjWev elf anrjAatov xgvnTdfievof. xai xaraduo^af OVTOV 6 Orjaevf epadev vn6 Tivof nov xexgvnTai' dvTiva exfiaAwv eq>6vevoev evQeo)/;. xai elaeWdtv ev Tfj n6\ei FogTvvr] tOgidppevoe Trjv xaTa TOV MIVCOTOVQOV vixrjV xai evyrj/teiT'o vno T&V avyxArjTix&v xai and Ttdarjf Tfjf %<OQaf. xai fJTrjaev avTovf dneAOelv ngof TOV Alyda, TOV O.VTOV nareqa, iva xai ngof OVTOV Ogiafifievarj Tfjv vlxr\v. ngo TOV 8e UVTOV xaTanAevaai ngof TOV naTega avTov, dneWcav Tif vavTrjf avijyyeiAe TO> /SaatAef Alyel, TO) nuTgl TOV &f]ae(aq, OTI i£ey>vyev ix Tfjf n6hea>f 6 MivdaTavgof xai vndAajiev STI aA.T]v avToj Inolrjaav ol KgfJTef ^|eOevTO yag negl avT&v, KgfJTef ael yevaTai' xai eggiyev eavTOV elf Tr}v OdAaaoav xai ancbAsTo. e^Boav ojJv 6 Orjaevf ev^gev avTov TeAevTrjaavTa' xai neiaQelf Tfj idia ovyxArJTtp neQietfQovrjae Tfjf ftaaihelaf Tfjf KgrJTrif xai Tfjf 'Agiddvr]f, /SaaihevaavTOf TOV Idlov naTgdf Tfjf QeaaaUaf, xai r/ydyeTo yvv'alxa T»)V "IXlav Tfjv keyofievrjv 0at8gav. fj 8e 'Agiddvrj elaeWovaa Iv TU> tegat TOV Aiof Hfievev itgeia nagddvof, luof ov ixel

T6 j(U)Q(ov dvacplQEtai'sli; t6v AaflvgivOov Tfjf

Kvtoaov. '0 iieQl ipti-

H AABYP1N0OI THE FOPTYNAE

TOU n\)'9os fieTCKp^QETai el? Tfjv jteQioxf|v tfjg r6QTvvo? 33 . 'OW-ycY-. evcopCTEQOV (negl Td le^ri ,TO\ A' xal ta? dgxa? TOV E' |x. X. al.) 6 C l a u d i u s C l a u d i a n u s (De Sexto Consulatu Honorii, 632-635) vjtontnTei el? aqpdX|ia jrepl TT]V d^atv TOV HV&IXQV Aapvpivflov. "E.XTOTe T6 reaFbQTwa XaTO|jeiov xaXeuai Aaf}vQiv9o<; •v •

..,-..-.•

•

55. rEBPFIOS KEAPHNOS (T^OS IA' - dQXai IB' al. n. X.)

'

^

' l o t o Q i i b v (I, 214 -215).

'O yovv argari^yos xal ndvrss TOV MiixoiavQov ev aq>£vres affjfia. tpvyfjs Inoitfaavro. Fvovg de avrog ii\v ngodoalav (petiyei els ti\v AaflvglvOov %(b(>av xal ev anrjialu) XavOdvet xgvfiek) Hats •bno rtvog r& Qr\oe.l ftyvvOeis iaydyrj. 'O de &r]aei)G el$ Fogrvvr/v elaeXQiav ld()id[i()evoev.

.

'0 K e 6 Q T | v 6 s ijtavaXa|ipdvei 8aa 6 M a X d X a ? dvacpl^ei, jiepl twv fijtolcov -^

OTcAvoviav yia KaiaSiw^r) TOD. Aev i6yaiv£ and TT] ojrr]Xid KQI TOU EKEI £a>a yia va TpecpeTai. O Mt'vwc; TOU EoieAve TOU^ KOKOTTOIouc; via va TOU^ E^OVTWVEI. Me auiov TOV Tpoiro eoTetAe KCU TOV ©rjoea, JTOU 6(jKog Ecpo8iao(i£vo£ UTTO TIQV ApidSvr) [i£ eva ^icpo^ OKOTWOE TOV MivcoTaupo.

O SeuTepog xai o Tpfroc; Taupo^ eivai [.idAAov TO i'8io [jiuSiKo ^pdowTro, acpou oujjicpcova (ie TT] Siriyioil o v69og MivcoTCiupoc; iyive OTpaTriydg TOU Mi'vwa KCU aKoAouQrioe (ia^( (ie dAAoug KprjTiKouc; oTpaTrjYoug TOV Aiovuoo OTT] (^u9iKri eKOTpaTEia TOU OTig IvSieg, uoTepa Tir\ye OTT] x^po TWV MaooayeTcov (KoAxi'Sa), KOVTQ OTOV noTa^o Odor], OTTOU OKOT09riK£ KUI SdcpTriKe, evw yia va TOV Ti(jirioouv eSwoav OTrjv TTepioxri TO dvo(xa Taupida, KOVTQ OTTJV KoAxi'Sa. O [Jiu9oc; ouv8e9r)K£ (xe Trjv e^djrAojor] TTJ^ AaTpeiag TOU Aiovuaou - a^ [jir] ^ex vi ^ Tai 1 KprjTiKr) KaTavcoyri TOU 9eou - KOI TTJV SieioSuorj TOU eAAriviKou TCoAiTionou OTI^ x^P8? Trl? Mauprj^ 0dAaooa^. H Siriyrior] yia TOV TpiTO Taupo KOI TOV MivwTaupo napouoid^ei i8iaiT£po evStacpepov yia TO ^Trjua JTOU epeuvaTai e8a>, SrjAaSri, yia TO Jtcog (ji£Ta<pep9r]Ke o Aa6upiv9og airo Trjv Kvcood OTTJV TopTuva.

H AABYPIN6OE THE MEIAPAI

0

1 apxaioi cuYYpacpEig nexpi TO TsAog Trig ApxaioTriTag avaq)£poVTQI OTOV Aa6upiv9o Trjg Kvwcou, TO Liu9ik6 UTTOYEIO oiKoSoLiriLia, £pY° TOU AaiSaAou, Lieoa OTO OTUOI'O (puAaKicE o Mi'vwg TOV MivuTaupo KOI OJTOU TOV OKOTWOE o 0r]O£ug. 0 nXoutapxog, JTOU e^rjoE OTOV 1° at. [x. X., avacpspsi OTriv Ttspioxri Trig Kvwoou TOV Aa6upiv9o, wg ri TOU MivcoTaupou, XWP1? va JipooSiopi^Ei Trjv jrpaYnaTiKri dior\I TOV

ota 400

rj TcrvrjTo anrjAaio

x

"a(;

apyao VTIOVSIO

KXaua jrpwKai n£oai(i)viK£c; <piXoAoyiK£$ napwpi£^ ir\d - Tojro9£(3°s-12°s ai. p. X.) TEI OTrjv TOU TOV Aa6upiv9o OTO apxai'o AOTOLIEIO 6opeio8uTiKa OTTO Tri TopTuva.

Trjv TcAripocpopia OUTOU TOU KXauSiavou Jtripe o xpovoypd(po^ (EVO si'Sog icTopiKou ouYYpdcpea LIE EXaxioTrj a^iomoTia KOI oofiapoTriTa) Iwdvvirig MaXdXa^ TOV 6° aiwva LI. X. (OTO xpdvia TOU auTOKpaTopa IOUOTIVIOVOU) KOI Ll£T£(p£p£ TO CIOIVIKO TOU Lll)9oU TOU MlVWTOUpOU ttTTO TT)V

TipUTEUOUoa Trig KpriTrig Kvwoo, OTTJV KaivoupYia TdpTuva. Ag SOULIE irapouoid^Ei TOV Liu9o: «'YoT£pa ajrd Trjv dvavSprj SoAo^ovia OTTJV A9riva TOU upwTOYiou TOU Mivwa Av8poY£ou, Tie9av£ KOI o (Siog o Mi'vwg acprivovTag SidSoxo TOU OTIQ 6aoiA£ia TOV MivwTaupo, JIGU riTav v69og Yiog Trig 6ao(Aiooag Ilaoi(pdrig KQI TOU 'voraptov' Trig (a? TtouLie ujraojiioTr) Trig il YPalJL(JiaT^a Trl?) Taupou. Oi ouyKArjTiKOi (dpxovTEg) Trig KpriTrjg 9£wpr]oav u6piv va 6aoiAEUOVTOI and EVOV [toixoy£vvr]Tov KOI ouvaoTiiOTriKav EVOVTI'OV TOU, OULILidxrioav LIE TOV irpfyKaia Tiqg A9rivag 0r)O£a, TOU jrapeSwoav TIQ 6aoiA£ia Trjg x^pag KOI TOU ESwoav YUVOIKO Trjv npiYKijriooa ApidSvr], Koprj TOU Mivwa xai Trjg IlaoKpdrig KQI £Tepo9aAri a8£A(pri TOU VEOU 6aoiAid MivwTaupou. O 0r]O£ag EKOTPOTEUOE ^acpviKa OTTJV Kpr|Tr] (Ssv ava^epEi Trrv

H AABYP1N0OI THE TOPTYNAI

Kvcood, djiou 6aoi'A£U£ o Mivarraupog, aAAd TTTV EVVOEI). MoAig E OTrjv Kvcooo, 01 ouYKArjTiKoi Kai o OTpaTog Trig KprjTrig EyKaTE^EHpav TOV id' Toug MivcoTaupo KOI Ecpuyav via Tr) FdpTuva. O Mivuruaupog KOTTJ cuvoncocia Kai Trrv JipoSooi'a Toug KOI r|p9£ Ejucrig mr\TUVO (JTOU o xpovoypcKpoc; TTJV avacpfpEi we; Aa6vpivdov ^wpav). Av£6r)K£ OE Eva 6ouvd Kai KpucpTrjKE OE Eva ojrr|Aaio. 0 ©rjOEug TOV KuvrivrioE KQI, OTUV £Lia9£ JTOU SplOKOTQV KpU[Jl(Jl£VOC;, £l()af £, TOV 6pr)K£ KOI TOV OKOTCO-

OE. 'YoTEpa tinriKE 9pian6£UTrig OTrjv jroArj FopTuva EiiEu^rinouLiEvoc; ajto TOU^ GuyKArjTiKovc; Kai oArj Trj xwpa».

Ei'vai 9av£p6 OTI o MaXdXac; OKoXou9£i Trj SEUTEprj jtapaAAayil TOU LIU9ou, OTOV ojtoiov o MivcoTaupog ei'vai dv9pwjto(;, v69og y10? Trl? Oaoicpdrig KOI TOU Taupou, JTOU TOV xapaKTripi^Ei vompio (=vpa(ji[jiaT£a) Trig, JTOU [jidAioTa KXripovonEi TIT] SaoiXEia ajro TOV Mi'vtoa. QOTOOO EvSia^EpovTa yta TOV ouXXoYio(xo Liag Ei'vai 8uo OTOIXEIO Trig SiriYrioTig TOU. To EVO Ei'vai rj TOUTiori Trig notekx; roprvvrjg LIE TTJV Aa6vptvdov ^wpav KOI TO SsuTEpo Ei'vai t] YEWtxop^oAoYia Trig Jtspioxiig TOU ojir)Xaiou, irou 6pioKOTOV jidvco OE 6ouvo.

Trjv (8ia EKSoxn TOU tiu9ou rcapouoid^Ei KOI o xpovoYpdxpog TOU llol) ai.

KeSpirjvo^ OTr) Zvvoyiv lompiwv. SUYKEKPHJIEVO avacpspEi TO «'OTav EcpTaoE o ©riosag OTrjv KprjTri, o OTpaTriYog KOI 6X01 01 dXXoi Kpr)TIKOI EYKaTeXsixpav TOV Mivaruaupo oTri FopTuva KOI Eqn/yav. 'OTav auTog KaTaAa6£ Trjv jrpoSooi'a KOTEcpuyE OTri AaSvpivdov ywpav KOI ^Ecpuys Kpuui(ji£vog OE EVO ojtriAaio, Lisxpi? OTOU Kajroiog TOV LiapTuprjoE OTOV ©rjOEO, o ojioiog TOV Eocpa^s. Kai o ©rjosag [XJiriKE 9piaLi6£UTrig OTri FopTUva».

To VEO EvSia^spov OTOIXEI'O Ei'vai OTI r) JipoSooi'a TOU MivwTaupou and Toug KprjTiKoug Eyivs OTri FdpTuva, ojtou 6aoi'A£U£ o MivcoTaupog. ArjAa8r| EXEI ^EXOOTEI EVTEXwg rj Kvuoog cog jipcoTEUOUoa TOU Mi'vcoa, Kai cpuOIKO KOI o Aa6upiv9og, KOI exoi)V neratpepSei KOI TO 8uo, au9ai'p£Ta 6c6aicog, OTTJ FopTuva KOI Tr]v TiEpioxri Trig. ME Triv £Tiiori(jiavori amri yiv£TOI Eva aKOLir) 6r\[ia npog TTJV E^rivrior] TTOU 9£Ao^£, yiciTi KOI ncog SriAa8r] o Liu9iKog Aa6upiv9og ^£Ta(p£p9r]K£ ajro TTJV Kvcooo OTT] FdpTUva KOI

55

H AABYPIN0OI THI MEIAPAI

A

v 6[xo)g ETOI £x°uv Ta ^pdy^aTa ne toug VTOI OTTO TO 1400 mi uGTepa 01 6eveTOi KOI dAAoi nepirjyrjTeg HE Tig Jtepiypacpeg Toug, aAAd KOI 01 6ev£To( FIpoSAejiTeg KOI dAAoi a^i(o(jiaTouxoi GTig £K9eceig Toug KOI TCI (jurepSeuouv aKo^r] ropioooTepo. O IloX Oop avacpepei OTI 6Aoi 01 KufiepvriTeg Trig 6eveTOKpcruoij[xevrig KprjTrjg, anov 14° nexpi TOV 17° aicova 9£0)pouoav unoXpewori Toug va EJTIOKEcpTouv eva (jieydAo AOTOIJIEIO OTOV A[iJTeAou£o, ava[i£aa OTr) FopTuva KOI TO KaoTeAi KaivoupoiJ yiou, 9£upa)VTag OTI EKEI riTav o 7T£pi(pr)(jiog Aa6upiv9og. locog E8w npeTtei va ava9ep9e{ OTI o 6eT£pdvog KprjToAoyog E) Trj yvw^ri OTI o (Jiu9iKog Aa6upiv9og rjTav eva (jieydAo AaTpeuTiKO Aaio, auTO Trig Ayiag OapaoKeurig OTO xwpid SKOTCIVO KOVTO OTig Fou-

XPIITOOOPOX MnOYONTEAMONTI O TipcoTog rcepiriyriTrig JTOU £jrioK£(p9r)Ke Trj Aa6upiv9o OTr) FopTuva KOI Tr)v jiepiypdcpei cog apxaio AaTO(jieio 7rcop6Ai9ou rjTav o Xpiotofpopog Buontelmonti TO 1415. ZTO epyo TOU nzptypcKpri rrjg vrjoov Kprjrrjg ouyXEEI, ojTcog 6Aoi OTO xpdvia EKEIVO, TOV Aa6upiv9o Trig Kvwoou [xe TOV «ujTo9£TiKo», OTtcog TOV ovacpepei, Aa6upiv9o OTr] FopTuva. Trjv (8ia Tr] FopTUva, TTOU ^e Tr) oeipd Trig 8sv ifaav ma rcpcoTeuouoa Trig KprjTrig, Trjv ovo[Jid^£i Kvcood (apxovTiKrj noAig Kvvota).

MeTa^epu e8co, OTTO Trj [lETacppaor] Trig Kupi'ag Mdp9ag ATIOOKI'TOU AAe^i'ou, Tr) ox^TiKri Tiepiypacpri nou, KOTO Trjv aTiovpri \io\) TOuAdxiOTO, .d^ei OTrjv EIKOVO TOU Aa6upiv9ou. ojrcog eyco TOV e(8a OTrjv Tipo-

H AABYPIN0OE THE TOPTYNAI

.. ; .1. FRANCESCO BAROZZI

EX TT)? nEY&XT]5 'EvEtiXT)? olxc>Y£veta5 Tu>v Barozzi. 'EYVC&v xui f|oy,oXi'iOri ne TTJV latopiav ir\v xal aUu 'EvEtixa xti'i.tvu

Descritte dell'hola dl Creta Composta dal Clmo Si gr Franc" Barozzi. 1577 (t&frvs'xSoTOVxEigdYQ. E\)Q(OXETCU el? Museo Civico Correr iv Bevgtta, Mss Dona delle Rose, 4g. 136, f° 98r - 145r. "Etegov &v^x8. x el c6YQ. EVQloxstai el? tfiv 'Edv. BipXioO. T(bv ITaQioCtov, Fonds italien 384, Jx TOO 6itotou JXi^cpdiiaav tjt SrinooiEvdnEva E5(b djioojidonaia.. Tov XetQOYO- tov Cotrer E8T)|iooiE\i6r| nixgbv T|iij|ia Ix ifj? ftp- • ^TJ?, <bg xal staaYtOY^l "EQl TTJ? olxdY- taiv Barozzi, el? tiHT)tix6v Teiixos — Bsvetta 1898 — Jit' £UXCUQ(QI id)v Yii^ov i<uv Cesare Foscari xal Elisabetta Barozzi) 2 .

xal a>.Xa 'Evetixa x.n'iicvu

57 t6v AafivQivOov T??? /IrfgTwvoc xal t6v tf)? Kvwaov

i° 6v ..... era 1'antichissa Citta di Gortina.

Ancora la appresso per lo spacio di mezo miglio alia Costa di un Monte uicino al Castel Nouo, e una spelonca grandissa fatta tutta a scarpello, e picco, e molte ^. altre, che si trouano in diuersi luoghi in altri si come • la famosa spelonca che e sulTerritto di Vicenza chiamata il Cocalo de Costoza, la qual spelonca di Messarea fu fatta da gli anticbi Cretesi ed molte strade et concauita sotterranee fatte artificialmte da quelli, che incideuano, et cauauano de li le pietre da fabricar la Citta di Gortina, come si uede fin'tora dalli segni delle rotte , di Carri, che conducevano Quadroni di pietre, che da quel luogo si traheuano di modo che essa spelonca si troua hauere in tue (?) strade no 9. artificial!, computaiulo la principale dell'ingresso piu larga di tutte. Questa spelonca molti modern! hanno chiamato labirinto | t° 7r pigliando questo per il famosisso labirinto Cretico tanto nominato da poeti; fabricate da Dedalo per Comand'o di Re Minos per Imprigionare il Minotauro nasciuto da

H AABYP1N8OI THE MEIAPAI

>. >' • .

«

'V

• , ;

co JO

• .

Pasife consorte di esso Re Minos figlio di Gioue iiella quale opinione casca anche Christoforo Landino Comenta'tore-dell'Eneide di Virgilio, al passo doue esso Virgilio nel sesto libro fa mentione di esso labirinto Cretico, doue il Landino dice che il Labirinto e una Concauita, et spelonca nel monte fatta per il Cauare, et traer de sassi, con li quali si fabrico la Citta di Gortina, et dice che e chiamata Labirinto, perche fuit factus labor intus in incidendis lapidibus ad edificandr Ciuifate Gortina, laqual Etimologia anco e falsissa perche . . . . . e parola greca che uiene da . . . . . cioe del non poter rittrouar 1'uscio, il qual Labirinto Cretico fabricato da Dedalo per prigione di Minotaurq al quale gl° Atheniesi per conuente mandauano ogni . anno sette de suoi figli ad' esser diuorati, fu ueraim1 nella Citta di Gnosos principal Citta dell'Isola di Greta, doue il Re Minos faceua la sua Ressidentia, il che attestano anco infinite medaglie, che si trouano nell'Isola di Creta, le quali han(n)o dal dritto la Testa di Minos, ouero il Minotauro et dal rouescio il labirinto con queste parole Greche . . . . cioe Gnosio labirinto, il qual uero Labirinto fabricato artificialme con Muri al p(rese)nte non si troua perche era tutto sotterra, et dalle ruuine della Citta di Gnosos hora tutto coperto, et la sua bocca, ouero Ingresso. In d°<l.uogo adonque lontano dalla Citta di Cahdia miglia tre in circa sono le uestigie dell'antica Citta di Gnosos ressidentia di Minos Re di Creta, doue al presente e una Vallata di giardini et una Villa chiamata Macriticho doue sono molte machine di uolti, et di.muri, et

21. FRANCESCO BAS1LICATA

Mt)xavix65. Ti)v xatcot^QO) "Exdeotv tot) in^paXev st? tbv Capitan Generate del Regno di Candia Pietro Giustiniano. i

Relatione di tutto il Regno di Candia.... 1630 (^K. t^v ?x5ooiv 2. S n a v d x T ) , Mvpneia yjs K5t)tixfjs 'lotoptas. T6|io; V. 'HedxXeio 1969, Snoi) xal f|

ZeX. 23 - 30. H^yr) AaaiBlov xal XSnof Aaoidtov.

H AABYPIN0OI THI FOPTYNAI

\

53 - 55. Aa^vQivBos rtgrvvos. " .

ZeX. 53..

Tra le altre Antichita del Regno, si troua per spatio di un'miglio | appresso Cast el Nouo, alia Costa d'un Monte il fauo- (aeX. 54) loso LA |»BERINTO, et si dice, che il detto Laberlnto sia una Concaui | ta, 6 spelonca, fatta dagl' Antichi nel cauar, et trar sassi, con li | quali fu fabricata la sudetta Citta Gortina, et fu nominate * LA | BORINTO, perche fu fatto CVM LABORE, PRO 1 EDIFICANDA CIVITATE GORTINA. Et ha | r ingresso suo in forma d' un Buso di spelonca, et il suo principio | e dalla parte d' Ostro, di doue intrando dentro non si ua per dritta | linea ma alquanto tortuo> •. sa, et e passi, 410, dall* un' lato all' altro, | nel quale continuando si trouano le altre • sottoscritte strade, la . prima | di Passi, 65; da banda destra, da banda sinistra passi, 85, Da banda | destra passi, 33, Dalla parte destra altri passa, 80, et dalla medema [ Passi 20, dalla modern a parte un'altra di passi 34, appresso a que | Ha un'altra | di passi 33, uicino a questa una piu torta dell'altra -| di passi 35 che sono in tutto strade, 9, computando la prima et | principale, et sumano in tutto passi, 795.

In alcuni luoghi e | basso, et special- (at-.X. 55) mente nel nie/.o, tanto che conuiene strascinarsi | per terra, rispetto 1' im(m)onditia, che dalle Nottole, per longhezza di | tempo ui e cresciuta, a talche chi ui uuol andare conuiene con Tor | zi,-et gridi, secondo che usano quelli, che per pratica loro sogliono con | dure, et tornar fuora le Persone. I

«ZTOV 6oppd, as Suo m'Aia ajrooTaot] QJTO Triv apxovTiKri jroXr) FopTuva, 6pioK£Tai QUTO JTOU 8ictTEt'vovTai or)(ji£pa OTI ei'vat o Aa6upiv9og. H eivai SuoKoAr] oTrjv jrp6o6aor), ejreiTa yiveTai si jrpog T' avaToAiKa evag jrpaiTog 8id8po(jiog SIGKOOICOV T(ov. 'Evag dAXo^ OTrj 6opivr| KaTeuSuvor] (jioid^ei va nrjv i^ci TeAoc;. AUTO TouAdxioTov Asve 01 VTOJHOI. BXEJTO(JIE EKEI jroAAeg OTOEC;, TTOU (jurepSeuovTai rj [iia (ie TTIV dAAT] KOI 01 OJIOIE^ cpTavouv OTO or](jieio ano TO OJTOIO

•« • • •

5odi3U oprtoiioy oi3A.oua DA3 pdou oyyp 3iouii IDAIS A3g 5oia» SoQAid -agoy O '^ipdoyU^ aoi SaoAaogodu 5aouoA 5aoio ioi3>io)dg oQAidag -oy 5o DdsrlUo AaoAXi3g aoir oiay 'SistbodAAao loioXdn 10 Aaod3d)DAO aou 5oiao 1DA13 A3g 'UiUd^ AUio odsriUo 3A3y aou '5 01 3>iUid)3>iDiii3 AUi aoir '5DAaidoj 5Ui ogAidagDy Ui DIA 53idod)odUyu 53oaod3d)DigA3 )3Aig Sori (>c;<;i loidoy) «ogpyyg AUio ]3g3dg AaoXs aoir DiDtiApdu DiasAOiriUATloi^t) IDX pyyou 30 5i3oUdUiodDij :) oyiii «oi3iogodU» AOI 13X3 aoit noi oAds 010 5Ud)igoioad) 5oyypA. 5UADd)ii£3 Q

09

•«pA3gaoii DxUdg Ui A3g pyyo '5oQAidagov DA aou 'Ua3>iDDiD» UiLiAXsi oiri aoo UdpX DiA DoUiU^DAD ioUA 01 odUyx -pyo ( 2 -oisrloiDY oi/l imKxpdu 'Ssoio $3i3/(pu(i 5310131 SISAOX isxoidg now -It* aoi nisrlUo ndodpig 33 •Snauyou bvmXdio 5Ui tedisu 5n srl Motyiorl m§3 puv AfiOAinAg nou Ssdisx IQ •OQMdao.ny AOI oiX pxiiDModii mm* -pdiL no 5i3(h3ioiu DQ MQ 'Sisds^ DI oyo aoir 'aori 3Dyo>n|sj 'aog 'DirlD -odsii 01 Ano^pdd) ID» Aaoi63ii 'pyUfh OIID roiAorted* aou 'Ddisir OIID io>iAo louopdsi 'pdod) piirlD>i IIDIA 'Ssoio 5ii Ssiao 5i3ADM lagaoyoxo DA OAagAi>ni£3 ayoii iDAig -53gid3iXaA 53yyou 5Uoiir3 DASTJADdDX 1DA13 A«lU3>IOm3 A0)l DIDlflOAO Ol 1O» -Dig 01 DA 3a3AflgA1>ID1g DQ A3g 5l3AD» AOyypr) U loAiy QOU

-iiri DA3 isXdpiia od3A 01 oino (OApjj 'pdsioidD oiUioyiox UAidisii oirl 3ri DiripyD>i ouo oAsrioDiisxo Dirlysi od»iTl DAS ioi3>iDidg SDIOUO 5Ui ipyu OID 'UA.U1I Dirt 1Dl3Ald>ID1g 'OgOO13 AUl OUD DlDTlUg D10O>I»1A3U »iy)X

IVdV33W 3H1 300NI<Ugw H

H AABYPlNeOI THI TOPTYNAI

>.; 3. PIERRE BELON DU MANS

'Ei'q>avf|s FaXta)? qn)0io8tcpr|s (1518 - 1564). Tf)v tt) 1548 7. "E'veaipe jioXX.& iQ-ya, (ieTa|{) ta>v 6qfota)v xal t6 : Les Observations de plusieurs singularitez et chases memorabies, trouyees en Grece, Asie, ludee, Egypte, Arable, et autres pays estranges, redigees en trois livres, par Pierre Belon du Mans... A Paris 1554 (xal §x6. HaQioicov, 1553, 1555, 1558,'l588 xal Anvers 1555, 1589 XativiatC). IleQl KQIIttis el? to xecp. Ill ga>; XX, fjtoi (pvXXa 4-22 (ex5. 1554). toii ' AafivQlvQov Tr}<; F6Qrvvo? dvacp^o61 (Ksqp. VI,

.

q>. 8r) ib.

Le Labyrinthe qui dure pour le iourd' buy en Crete, n'est pas celuy duquel les autheurs anciens ont faict mention. Car celuy qu'on monstre maintenant, est situe aux racines de la montagne s ida, vulguairement nominee Psiloriti. Ce Labyrinthe n'est autre chose qu'une pierriere, et toutesfois'tous les habitants de Crete las- cauent enseigner soubz ce faulx nom de Labyrinthe.

C'estoit une carriere de pierre dure et bien belle, que Ion tiroit anciennement par quartiers, du temps qu'on fabriquoit les edifices de la ville de Gortina et Cnosos, qui anciennement estoient les principales villes de toute 1'isle, comme il appert par ,ses ruines. Et tout ainsi come il fault avoir-des guides du prochain village, de la grande pyramide d'Egypte nomme Busiris, pour monstrer le chemin, et allumer dedans ladicte Pyramide, aussi fault il avoir des guides d'un village, qui estoit anciennement la ville de Cnosos, ioignant ladicte quarriere ou pierriere, pour monstrer le chemin a ceux qui y veulent entrer, II est bien vray qu'il y a leans plusieurs de stours ca et la de coste et d'autre, comme ; il pourroit avoi en un Labyrinthe artificiel: mais sestui ne proyient sinon de la ou ont este entaille'es les pierres. Laquelle chose Ion peult prouver par les vestiges et .ornieres des roues de la charrette, et par les petites pierres murees, ca et la au cqste du chemin.

H AABYPIN8OE THE MEIAPAI

15. LUNARDO QUER1NI

"E-ygailiE JtEQi-yQacpTyv ttj; KQTJTTI<; (is T&V thXov :

^

-

"

Discrittione di tutta I' Isold di Candia, di tutte le Citta sue, Castelli, Ville, Monti, Fiumi principals, antiquita, et molte altre cose notabili, p. il Clarmo Leonardo Querini, Ilsmo et Ecci*o Sig. et pron' mio osservandmo II Sigr Pierro Xane Capo Generate nel Regno di Candia. Di Candia & di primo di Mjaggio 1587. ('Av^x8otov x El Q6vQacpov tfj; 'Edv. BtfD.iofl. TO>V HaQioito-v, Fonds italien — acq. nouv. — 1460, 1° G7r lug 95v. Tomo Elvai dvtlYQacpov , Yev6nEvov 16 1590 TOV PaoiXtog ITJS

I.° 79r - 80r f° 79r Ancora li appresso "per lo , spacio di mezzo miglto • . alia costa del monte, sopra il qual e posto il Castello nuovo vicino del quale e posto il.fabuloso laberinto, ma si dice, che il d»etto Laberinta non sia il uero, ma che sia una concavita, ,et ', f° 79v spelonca fatta dalla natura per- cavare, et traher sassi, con li quali fu fabricata la Citta di Gortina, et fu detto laberinto, 6 vero spelonca; ha 1'ingresso suo alquanto patente, ha forma d'-un buso di spelonca, dalla parte d'ostro e il suo fine entrando dentro, a benche non vadi per retta linea, ma e alquanto tortosa, et e passa 410. dall' un' et 1* altro lato, del quale sone le strade infrascritte principiando dall'ingresso di d*tto laberinto sono passa ^ n° 65. da banda sinistra sono passa 85. da banda destra sono passa 33. dalla parte destra precede un'altra strada di passa 80. dalla parte soprascritta un'altra di passa 20. dalla parte soprada un'altra di passa 34. et appresso quella un' altra di passa 35. vicino a quella una piu torta dell'altra passa 35. che sono in tutto strade nove computando la prima,- et principale, et sumano in tutto passa numo 707. In alcuni luoghi basso, et specialmente 1 1 ' nel mezzo tanto basso, che bisogna strassinarsi per terra, et entrato f° 80r piu dentro bisogna andare con torchi, et con gridi, sei .condo, che usano coloro, che sogliono condurre dentro, et ritornare fuoti le persone. „ Ancora lontano di Candia miglia 3. per ostro e 1'antica (sic) di Gnossos......

5ao>nuoi 5aodi3url3 5ao>ngi3 9110 'ArogpuriDy DisgUoo, Ui 3r\i -1U3 AUio ADiAaoAUgogoa aou 53iU3»oiu3 A«i9X3g DiyUuo U - -1D aoi Dosri - aoi DiA9dX DID UgU 119 pdotbodUyu 5or1 UrtoMy -odu 3olidi3rt AOI aocbo 'OQAidagoy A01° »o3ri odaoAio 3MliuTl 119 13AX -i3g IIDIA '53oaod3(bDigA3 1DA13 aoMiAoXUri aoi3A3Q aoi SsidocbodUyu 1Q -AD 5aoi 0)^3 Aao^idaA. ID>I oosri AaoA.Ugo SCOQUAQD 5aoi Ddi3u AUi 3ri aou 10A)3»3 5(OQUAao 5(oi£9 'is^pAcod) DA ID» 53gpuriDy i^ori 13X3 DA 1311 -3du 13»3 13DK DA 13y3Q 5oiOU9 aOU 'OJSrlllO 010131 30 13lOD10DyU«yyOK

AaoXs aoA9dX aoi ogodpu AUi 3ri aou; 'AmgidsiXaA A«I» 5ogUyu OID i3Ap» pdod)DAD Ud3iiDigi 'aoiDyUuD aoi 5i3opioDig 5ii i3Aig mipxod -D]j -«oi9A AOI 9uo iDAis aoi UXdo U IDX aoioyUuo aoirloio oriUXo 01 13X3 aoi 59gooi3 H '^DAaidoj 5Ui UoUifl9go>iio AUi DIA DiDDA.d3 3t1 3AiAs iiDiA '(5ou9» 'DiooAds =3douriDy 01 9uo isAoyoriais 01) oiAidouriov 3>lUlOpriOAO 1D» 'DAaid9J D131iyOU (OADUOdDU Alll ADO11»3 5310UO 511

3ir1 Ssdisu 5ii SDIAO^DAO, 'SaoioXdo 5aoi 9UD 3AiA3 aou 'omyUuo U oiUi -9yio» Diri IDAIS 59iao 5oQAidagDy o 119 IDISASV 'aoiAdaoAio^ iy3ioD» 010 piAOM aoiyirl 59A3 UODIOOIID 30 iDis^oidg aou 'SoQAidagoy 5oriU6id -3ii o ID>I IDAIS aoisyioog aoi 53iUi9ioXdD 5syyp 5uo DO3rlpAy» :5oA -aid9j 5Ui ogAidagov ^010 pxuayoAD iDisdstboAD COIDM oijj «'"D(OA ~]W piyioog aoi odg3 'DAaid9j Uy9U U SADIU 110 misAsy AmiUioioX -da Ami OA13X3 odmX AGIO •••» 119 i3(bpdA aoi 5pdod)DAD 5Ui oisriUo DAS 33 -Doaod3d)DigA3 IDAIS aoi UcbodAidsu H -aoiysiDD^ aoiAdaoAiD^ aoi Di3d3(bid3U AUio 5DAaidoj 5Ui Diuisds DID 3QdU SDJADADIJ 5Ui DioUy>i -M3 UgopiDyUuo Ui i3(bpdAid3u aou9 'oyDipy\ DI 9110 soodsu aod)y -no -isyioDg aoi 53iUiomXdy 5uo i3A(pd3id)D oiDypd)3>i DAS DIOUO AUio DOST) aoi Uo3g>i3 AUi 5UiUd^ 5Ui UiU>noiv 9>mo)iiDdi3 9>iiA3j AGIO syogsua AOI i3iri

VlVDHISVa IVNAIdOJ ZHI 3O0NIdAaVV H

noiAy aoi U ID* Ud)DdA.iirg UypAsw hi sri oisgy 01 'DAp)yy9iiy aoi 59DA DAaidoj Uio i3id)D>iODAD AoXp 3191 119 srlttOAXs^ AUrl 5o my( •«pyDX i3Oid -0)AA Ul DA 3y3gU AD 'D1A9dX Didl DlA. 513ADX 13A13r1 DA 31£3dlC3 Dg OOU9

UXoidsii oiri 30 Ssdsri 5i3di 3rlDOpd3K"-» 1119 5orio SDIAO^IAOI 'ogAid -agoy 91000105 AOI 5o)yuo isdscboAD fggl

01

HIauouMS

mSNOWIS OIHOLLIA •5oAnid9J 5Ui OQAidagoy Ul oiA. -oy DioorioAo U isoUiDdxms 13X3 n aoi UODIODADUS AUio codaA ouodX oio 119 pdogoiH i3AXi3g IIDIA '5laUd% 5Lti ogMdagov AGIO 5pdod)DAD 5Ui UomitaiDig U>niDTlUdoA.UiD>i mx ooo Uxi^odAsyUi U i3d3(boigA3 5ow •«5UiUd^ 5Ui 5oQAidagoy o IDX 1103 AOioUyu }3>i3 •loiuayA io»oigiy IDN DiorioirloA AGIO 'SsiU^ioXdo loyyou ID» 1DlAO»Olda3 DQA3 '5UAaidoj SplDyOK 5Ul D1l£13d3 Dl 13H3 113 1DlAOA1»d)»

5oooiio)iAdaij oiXdous AUio 110 - 5ogpy 9110 5<pADd)odar - i3d3(bDAD '^6^81'^^SI m SUAaooiDxiy 5Ui UioiiAod^) 9>iiA3j ID» oioao^dUyjj Ul -pioodoij AOI 9110 gigi o)i DoisgXoiAao '5UiUd^ 5Ui oicbodAodcox H^ ZH1 VKDVdJOdUX

XVIdVXVZ •53gid3iXaA 5ii Aao^priodi DA oiA AD^DA<pd) loiouo 10 '5aoA.DA35 IVdVXHW 1H1100NIdAaVV H

H AABYPIN00E THE MKEAPAE

Z

TIQV eiKoodxpovrj KOI irAeov urnqpeoiaKri (xou ^WIQ, exw Y lvei °"eKTiqg TToAAwv KOI TroiKiAwv TipoTdoeuv KOI ev9appuvoecov yia TIQV jrepi(pr][Jir| afyonoirjor] Trig Aa6upiv9ou - oe 9r]AuKo yevog dirwg emuevei r] ToruiKri ovo^aoia KOI (IE evvoou^Eva TO ouoiaoTiKa xwpa r) ojtY]Xid. AKOjjiri KOI TioAAoi ooSapoi, ejitoTr|(jioveg, noAiTiKoi, AoyiKOI KQTQ TEK^ripio dv9p(o7Toi £xouv «Jtapaiiu8iaoTEi», KupioAex^iKd. Kai ujiooTripi'^ouv am'9ava, aKOjjiri KOI TpeAd, npay^aTa yia Tr] onriAid. Aeve OTI ei'vai JJUVGHKWV xpovwv

(71 ) V(Jf*(7Yl

^

£~> pf~)i IY1]JF*1 f~1

^ia

r^C^ '

KCU

va yivei va aTlo|

HUOTripia Kai TO

rcov dzdoiLZV&v *

™

Kp66ei 6TI

,

ujidpxei piia yaAapia nou

dAAa a7Ti'9ava Kpdv(jiaTa. Movo TO [xouYKprjTO TOU MivcoTaupou 8ev exouv jrei OTI exouv aKouoei.

Av KOI 8ev exw Trjv eiSiKOTrjTa TOU ipuxoAoyou - rj KaAuTepa TiapaipuXoAoyou - yia va e^rjyriow Trj ou^urepi^opd auTwv TWV av9pwna)v. ^TTOpco d^ug va unooTripi^o), a^oAuTa, OTI Kaipdg eivai va Jidpei TeAog auTO TO 7iapa(jiu9iao(jia yia TOV xapaiaripa Trig Aa6upiv9ou. napaTravw Kpoond9rioa va e^riyriow jrwg [xeTa^epSriKe o [Jiu9og aird TTJV Kvwod OTrrv FdpTuva, OTTO TIQV apxaia npuTeuouoa Trig KpriTrig oTr) SeuTeprj oe apxaioTrjTa npcoTeuouoa, Tri FopTuva.

O nepiriyriTrig MitouovTeXjjiovTi - av Kai oe TroAAd dAAa ori[jieia Trig nepiypacpfjg TOU Kavei Ad9rj ye(oypa9iKa, lOTOpiKa KOI jrpayijiaTiKd axd(jiri - ei'xe TTI OTOixeiwSr] eucputa va irpooSiopioei - jrpiv and 600 xpdvia - TO onriAaio 0g TexvrjTo KOI (jidAioTa wg uTcdyeio AaTO[jieio.

O 6ev£Tog [irixaviKog BaoiAiKaia TO ei'xe nei npiv OTTO 350 xpdvia, OTI SrjAaSr) jrpoKeiTai yia eva (jieydAo TEXVIITO onriAaio undyeio AaTO(Jieio 7i(i)pdAi9ou, and TO OJTOIO enaipvav Tig jreTpeg yia TTJV oiKo8d(jiriori Trig

-AD OKD UoUjoHoi^o UxuXsiiyyoM is^DionodDii noi piDriUrh. Ddod>opdi: pyyoir 3D nou 'oiDyUiro p>non(b IDAIS 5oAnidpj 5Ui SogAidagoy Q» :isd -3d)DAy 'i3Oidoigoodir DA pdourl A3g noil 'SoiUipioXdy 5Ui UXoirs DIOK -p» 3D 'piUAX3i 5aorlodgoig ID» Snoripyog '53onogiD 3D 3>iUga)d)doriDig non 'piyUiro Uxiond) ADiU SogAidagoy U up luhoup Alii 13X3 ' wi DidiUAnsds UiDDdno>iD 'DAAy DidnM H '£861 o DAAy OAoyoiDyUito Ul piro 3A1A3 noil 'noQAidngoy 5Ui UDIAASD -odu odmi idXsri Udogoo om AUID SISADX ISQDIO DA i3U3dir

Aovmxodiaii VNNV •moaoxD AnoX3 nou 5i3(hpin> ID» 53idm3g 10 p' •«DiDyUiio Dyyp DI ID» ODO 5UiUd^ 5Ui ogAidngoy p>ngnri AOI srl Uopi 13X3 oioyliitoroADHodDU01 up 'odsriUosriDiD* 01 5oiyU o IDX oop '53Aod)ioDii iDAig '«5ogAidngoy» orioAp p»uUygiu3 01 i3oo)g AnoXs 53A -Uyygx 10 oiouo OID oioyUirD DAS IDX 5oAnidpj 5Ui oiirisds DI IOIAOIIC -3XD1U3 noir SnoAS^ 5noio (OADAS^ AOI) auoaa^p AOI SmgLuvno ISADJI 5pi -ny 'Diyn ADISIIDX noi 111110 OID srioDpid) 5i3di 5iio ID>I '5ogpig3ir 5Ui aoiridsir Uosri Uio piAoiADg Ui srlDopdsii - » :5DAnidpj 5Ui ogAidagoy Ui DIA 'pxiioidUiModoX '££81 01 i3d3d)DAD 5UiUAUid3ii 5oyA.AD o 'nodnoi noi UMoynd) 5co SoyDgioy o 3ODn3»ODiD>i noil oriUripgoxio p»uo i 01 'ogAidngoy AOI DIA 3101:11 AnotbpdA. A3g 'Soiogodpi 5p>iidoioi o IDM 5ogoioH ID» SodUriQ^ SsiUioii 10 'SiscbodAAno 53AUyyg/ lodsip -loXdo ID>I lodsiprlUDiirs 5i3di 10 up odsiiDigi is^Dodir AnoXs A3g 5a)K SoidoiiD oi^p iDAig 'DriUAdnoirlUg pmooiADd) 5<py3iA3 odp IDX 5p»ignrl AOiU 110 oApy pyiiD nyoir AOI DIA 'srloomoiAS AOI DA Sprb ID» 3riaodoirri A3g 010939 5roirp 'ogAidngoy AOI i3oiiioiA3 DA 3O3dpuri ODOA^ AUio - 5p>iuDrlUdoAUiD>i

5<py3iA3 IDAIS AajijsBj 5UiUAUid3ir 5oyAAD Q •5oAnidpj IVNAldOJ 3HI 3O0NIdAaVV H

-D»3 QOK 'pdod>Dig U>ndi3r)orha U 3oaoi3dUua^3 Aoyypirl iioiA. 'i3QDioa3 A3g Aoyyprl UiDgoag ID» UrioioiiD 1OA13 piADyK U no DrlUd]3XiK3 oj^ -pd -dog AOI 5odii UOSQ ogAidmpv Ul OUD UISQIIAD p»idi3ir1»ig Uio IDISMO -idg CXOK 'i>nc)QA.idagiov 01 i3Aig 5oiri 5ogooj3 U ADiU DA isdoKirt 5am 01 D1A D3g1 DITl OOOlOy - DAa3d3 UMIAOyOloXdo 13gUA.Uodu A3g AD 'O 1DA13 3t1aOU DA 1D>I 31OKUg110 1D>I 1013^00 A3g 5Ul

•(5oi3gp>i o ADIU 5oy -yp o) 5Uoa3ir1oiDy 5aouodi oag 5aoi OUD DA3 AOI ADoaoysiouo ID>I '53O -aoiodaj X 'ir '5i3you 53ypA.3r1 53yyou 30 ADIAO^IQUAOXO Di3r1oi»y DISA -pua DJ[ iaoprtoiDy 5oo aoi UoUdX U i3ioi3y>ioitt> AD i3U3du IIDIA '«5aoi UoUiouorlioUdX Ul p>niDTiLidoAUiD>i i3AXi3gouo DA aoir '5oAXi DASADX 300)lO1UDlg A3g» aoyi3Xodl3]J 5DAAY 5Ul DAQ3d3 UXD13AD(blU3 U fl

-ado^3 UypAsri Uooi 13A)A. 13X3 DA oiouo 01 OUD 'aoQiyodoii oi3TloiDy isX -dpim A3g 01:01 OAIIAO>I oyyp 33 -5DAaidoj 5Ui UoUiriogo>iio AUi DIA 3>iLiQ -UiouorlioUdX 5o)oi 'isgliAaads 13X3 A3g ID>I Ay -DAaidoj Ui 91:0 'rlyX i aouidsi: UODIOOUD 30 'ouoiodoAOV A.OIO 'odmyu A.UIO oisrloiDy oioXdo 01 5(ooi Aaods^ DQ SoAaidoj 5Ui UXoid3K Udsiadas AUi Aao^idajAA IOOQ, ; 5aoi Uyou UypA.3ri Uio 5aoAog6p ADi3Q3ig aou '(iiy» 53doA.D -53oio '53i3iDyu 'DdiD3@) 5aodmX 5aoidQiDua 30 U DiariljiTl -OgO>llO 30 AQOIOD 5ll DA 53lUlOldUlODdg 5ll 531QD ADOaodoiilri A3g 1D»

'53i3diDy ID» SisooodiAsxAao '53i3y3i DIA AQoiouorlioUdX 01 DA IDX oioy -Uiio onload) DAS piUAXsi Aaooo)d)doiriDig DA UApuag UypA.3iri Ui IDM OK -OX 011Opd31 AGIO AQOKri DA lOlAflldoj lOIDXdD 1O 31I3dK3 OAOy 010K DIJ

•ACOiprlUimds U6doiri Ui sri 53>nd3r1 mdstbDAD <pg3 ID» Ssyyou IDA -13 5l30UddllAD 1Q - 5Lll U^ldUlO Ul DlA. 5l3^13gOKD 5l3XdDK3 13X3dDU A3g AD 1DX 13Q13K 5DT1 AD TOf\3Q Oyyp - DOaod3(J)DlgA3 1DA13 UlAD U(hOKD H

•«Aod3d)DigA3 SidcoX aoiDyUuo aoi DiDriUrii 30 SaodipX SaoAsrias^Dy 9KD ADQyUodu QOK Amxiya AOioUdXp AOI UoUioiroiMDi UAsrlUysrliKa 5Uo -jug -53A9yo>i -10X101 'lorlDypQ joias^oy :5UXou3 5UA3r]oDd3i: IVdVZHW 1HI IO0NIdAaVV H

H A A B Y P I N H O X THE FOPTYNAI

ve jiio oiKovo[MKr] Trj (jiETacpopa KOI ytaTi rj TrpooEXTiKr] £jn(paveiaKr) epeuva Trig TOpioxrig HJiopei va airoKaAuipEi TOV apxafo 8p6[io.

Ta (xeoa E^opu^rig KOI ^ETacpopag TWV AOcov oe Kajjud nepinTwor] 8ev r)Tav jrpwToyova. iSiwg oia pco(jia'iKd xpov'a, OTQV 01 TEXVIKE? Kat

Euvoipi£ovTa<j TQ TiapaKavu unopou^e va nou(xe OTI via TOV pa Trig Aa6up(v9ou UTidpxouv 8uo oo6apec; EKSoxeg. r) KaSe (xia ano Tig Ta uir^P Kat fa KQTQ Trig.

O\)VO\DY]

H irP"T1f' £K8oX11

- ^ou £l/vai Ka t 1 Trig Ecpopeiag SntiAaioAoyfac; TOD YjroupY£t'ou pi^ei OTI TTpoKEiTat yia eva evTeAwg TCO OTir|Xaio. eva uTioyeto AQTOHEIO nwpoAiSou, 8r)Xa8r) eva KoAu ot]KO epyo Trig apxaioTriTag - niSavoTaTa Trig pw- TO OTTOI'O OTOug TeAemaioug it,i aiuveg dpxtoe va 9£(oOTI r)Tav o (iu9iKog Aa6upiv9og TOU MivcoTaupou, xai va Trjv EJIIOKE^TOVTOI rcepiriyriTeg TTOU dcprjoav KOI Ta ejuoK£7iTr]pia Toug. OuoiaOTIKCI eivai [iia TEpdoTia a(9ouoa, Jtou 6(jKog TO opia Trig eivai aSieuKPIVIOTO. 0900 noXXd T[jir|(jiaTd Trig exouv KaT(xXnq)9ei aito TO OTei'pa d^a Trig Ad^euorig. Tia TtoXu ooSapoug Xoyoug - eXdxtOTog aepag, ri uypaota K. d. - 8ev (juropouoe va xpiioinojroir^d yta oeig TioXAwv av9pujio)v KOI T^AeTEg. H 8euTcpTj EKSoxrj Eivai auTrj TCOU unooTripi^E rj Avva OTI 8r]Aa8ri r] Aa6upiv9og riTav apxiKa (iia (puoiKri o^rjAid - dAAo TTOU SEV SIVEI ETrapKri E^riyriorj Trig ojrriAaioyEVEorig Trig - r) orcoia OE Karcoia,

69

H AABYP1N0OI THI MEIAPAI

. it 11 n i\ ft,

A r H rM 4

,v

ATOMIKON APXBION EiVEYOKPIOY K. HtVATAKH KAP£TIKH£ MOP4>H£

_'

Jfs •Ovojja s Tonobeola Xuplov

^{ t f^'f

f "9 V?

/

•Enapxla

el? perpa : IuvoAiK6v

70

Teupiatixf) ,f/iiM^ Jif!**/*^,*^ ~

i) mri'tf") * "//>?' * •/xftt.f*",'^

tj

-•

•

325

S,,>, u-f^f-

H AABYP1N8OI THE rOPTYNAS

oe [*ag, enoyi] Trig apxaioTr]Tag SexTrjKe ejiejxfidoeig euro Toug av9p<oTioug, 01 OJTOIO 8r][juoupYr]oav 9aAdnoug KOI 8ia8p6[jioug KQI a(9ouceg. KQI eyive ETOI Tex^riTri ojiriAid, [ie (jiovaSiKo apxiKo OTOIXEI'O TTI^ TTJV opcxpri TTOU 8ev tpepvei ixvt] Aa^euoric;. H eK§oxii auiri 8i%£tai OTI OTr] ojrrjAid yivovTav H oTir]Aid xp1oi(jio7roiri9riK£ oe 8idcpope^ :repi68ouc; OTOV TeAeuiaio aicova we; KQTa9UYio TOU KOVTIVOU nAri9uo(jiou oe TroAeniKeg nepioSoug KQI npiv cmo 60 xpovia iva i[ir\{ia TOU xpf]o1[Ji£uoE wg a:io9r|Kri TruponaxiKCOV. E^atTtag amri^ TTI^ TeAeuiatac; nepiTTETEiag KaiaoTpd^riKE KQI aAAoia)9riKe ri eiooSog Trig. le Ka9e jrepiTruucr] eva ano ia ^r]Toi»(Jieva cunric; irjg Trpoond9£iag eivai Kai T] EKioTiQiJioviKri SiepeuvrioT] TOU xapaKTripa Trig Aa6up(v8ou. yia va Traiyei o Ka9eva^ va Aeei O.TI TOU KaT£6ei. au9a(peTa KOI aouvdpTr)-

TQ, [i£ ^apa(jiu9ido[jiaTa. JTOU (^expi Twpa \i6vo TiapeAKuor) Trjg avTi^eTwnioriQ Trjg Aa6upiv9ou EXOUV JtpOKaAeoei. AKOfir), aupio KioAag jrpe-

TCEI 6Aoi va avaAdfiouv Tig eu9uveg Toug.

ANTQNHZ BAZIAAKHZ

-,.