CHRONOS AR2102 Strange Creatures Liang TaiLin, A0199394H Tham Weng Yew, A0200297L Yeoh Kai Zheng, A0220969W
Y2S2 Studio Ronald Lim
"Under all speech that is good for anything there lies a silence that is better. Silence is deep as Eternity; speech is shallow as Time."
"Time past and time future, Allow but a little consciousness. To be conscious is not to be in time But only in time can the moment in the rose-garden, The moment in the arbour where the rain beat, Be remembered; involved with past and future. Only through time time is conquered."
Content Page
Week 1
Week 2
Week 3
Week 4
Week 5
Week 6
1 - 10
11 - 28
29 - 38
39 - 46
47 - 48
49 - 63
Week 7
Week 8
Week 9
Week 10
Week 11
Week 12
63 - 72
73 - 81
82 - 86
87 - 90
91 - 96
97 - 104
The Poetics of Cotton Buds
Module Exploration - Two-Dimensional Frame - Three-Dimensional Frame
Pair Module Exploration
Architectural Surfaces - Collapsible Wind Fabric - Expandable Panel - Skeletal Frame
Persona Development - Dualities
Week 1 1
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The Poetics of Cotton Buds Our design starts with the selection of a common household material. Out of the numerous materials available, our team chose cotton bud. The reason are as such: 1. Due to its size and scale, the potential of a single unit to create variations is vast. 2. When aggregated, they are able to interlock, displaying various tectonic properties. 3. The presence of cotton at the tips grants its ability to soak and retain liquid, potentially informing the form, passive climatic strategies and scents. Additionally, the thickness of the cotton ends allows us to connect them in more ways than a stick with uniform profile.
Rain
Sun
Wind
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Module Exploration Two-Dimensional Frame
We first explored the potential of cotton buds as a skin by putting individual sticks together through various connection methods The resulting pieces were all very soft and could be folded/twisted easily. Our next attempts were to create stiffer modules through the interlocking of overlapping cotton buds, but the resultant module wasn't as dynamic as before.
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Three-Dimensional Frame
Interested in the potential of cotton buds in creating a self-supporting structure, we explored making 3-dimensional modules by connecting triangular modules together, and also through the stacking of cotton buds in various ways. Due to how light each individual cotton bud was, the resulting structures were also not that successful, and were relying on the adhesive instead of the cotton bud.
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Pair Module Exploration
The first breakthrough was the discovery of the "pair module" where we connected cotton buds in pairs, interlocking one another. This allowed the resulting models to all be dynamic, allowing them to collapse, expand, and also twist.
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Architectural Surfaces Collapsible Wind Fabric
Using the discovered modules, we investigated their potential to form architectural surfaces. Our first surface is termed the "wind fabric", as it acts like an ephermeral skin that picks up the wind and will seemingly be blown away. While responding to the wiind, it is also collapsible in both directions to become denser/more porous, while also being able to be folded and curved.
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Expandable Panel
Focusing on the concept of "dynamism", we tried to create a frame that can be manipulated. We discovered that interlocking the pair modulees in a certain way allows it to slide, and we made use of that property to create this "expandable panel". This model didn't react to environmental influences, and while the sliiding works, didn't alllow for full retraction, which meant there would be the gaps between each connectiion that had to be resolved.
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Skeletal Frame
Attempting to create a variation of the wind fabric that would better show the movement of the wind, we created a surface using modules that could twist, hoping that it would twist in response to the wind direction. The result didn't work as intended, as the fabric was too loose and the twisting required a focused gust.
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Personas - Dualities
As our persona consists of two minds residing in one body, juxtaposition of the image pair magnififies the duality of the personas' two halves. Contextual elements that give identity to the scenes are enlarged and brought closer to emphasize their setting. The resulting montage serves to invoke our curiosity and provide inspiration for the agglomeration of characteristics for our personas. The initial idea of the persona begins with a rural/urban settnig, serving to highlight the differences between their lifestyles and spatial preferences. "camping tentage / bomb shelter" nature skin open reactive
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urban walled isolated stable
Personas - Dualities
"gentle breeze / mechanical fans" passive fluctuating embrace natural
active normalized invite induced
"analogue / seamless digital"tv physical textured expressive technique
digital seamless clean imagery
"precipitation / baths" accidental intentional kinetic static sporadic encompassing descending ascending
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Persona Development - Timekeeper Spatial & Posture Exploration - Personas Activity & Posture - Spatial Models
Structural Exploration - Column Module - Frame/Truss Module - Cross Bracing Module
Skin/Fabric Development - Monsoon Wall (Double Layered Fabric)
Rain Canopy Development - Water Channeling Module Exploration
Spatial Helmets (Interior Experience) - Helmet Framing - Porosity Helmet - Rain Helmet - Cotton Envelope
Week 2 Chronos | Strange Creatures
Personas - Timekeeper
"The garden with the diary" According to Martin Heidegger, we are time. We can recall the past, experience the present, and anticipate the future. And with this ability, temporal perception for every individual becomes relative and non sequential. Behold, a mother who lives in grief over the passing of her son. She projects the experiences of her past unto her present, in memory of her better days. Behold, an orphan lying on cardboard. He wishes for the dumpster to have enough scraps, so he can survive another day. Even daily, we are aware that time is perceived differently. Some moments feel longer than another, and we sometimes get lost in thoughts of our past or future. It is this temporal context that shroud our persona. The Timekeeper has two souls residing within, each with their own way of appreciating time and using time to engage teir soul. They take turns to materialize and skew the temporal perception of the same body.
The Gardener perceives time through the environment; The Writer's time moves for him only when he is writing. Chronos | Strange Creatures
Personas - Timekeeper
The Gardener perceives time through the environment. "Let us forgo the past, live with nature until we return to dust"
- The Gardener
The gardener is extroverted and is acceptant of the environment. He sees the envelope as an object of affection, and becomes sentimental noticing the passing of time. The changing of seasons, wilting and decomposition, accumulation of leaves, growth of plants, contribute to his temporal perception he can survive another day. The Writer's time moves for him only when he is writing. "To live like that, you're like a beast our life should be all there is"
- The Writer
The writer is introverted and avoids the world. He uses the envelope as an isolation barrier, keeping it prime to prevent the intrusion of everything else to remain disconnected. The movement of his pen, number of empty alcohol bottles, length of his hair, scap paper pile size, ink bottles used, contribute to his temporal perception. Chronos | Strange Creatures
Personas - Timekeeper
Extrovert / Introvert
The gardener leaves the facades porous, engaging the airnand the surroundings. He welcomes the morning mist and breezes as he observes the growth of his plants. As time passes, sun rays gradually filter past the skin into the interior, the heat gently removing the moisture gathered in the cotton. The interaction between the envelope and environment brings a smile to the gardener's face as he witnesses the intimacy of the exchange.
The writer immediately seals the openings, opting for an impermeable facade. He rejects all natural elements, claiming it prevents him from engaging a conversation with his soul. His eyes first confirm that he is completely surrounded by white, and he begins his day. The silence that permeated the space is broken by the sound of a pen nib gliding across paper.
Rules to test for: Porosity / Visual Porosity, Natural Ventilation, Soundproofing.
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Personas - Timekeeper
Acceptant / Avoidant
The gardener welcomes the rain as his garden does. The roof is tilted to allow the rain to run down the insides of the walls, and is drained out at the bottom. The flow of water down the interlocked cotton buds brings delight to the observer. It's meditative, a reminder of the natural forces that direct the water, and a reminder of the passing of time.
The writer abhors the idea of rain within his dwelling. He adjusts the roof to direct the rain outwards, removing it from his sight. The sound of the rain grows distant, and knowing he is protected, the stillness of the space gives him peace.
Rules to test for: Waterproofing, Drainage Mechanism, Rain Chain Effect
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Personas - Timekeeper
Sentimental / Disconnected
The gardener appreciated evidence of elapsed time. There are obvious traces of algae growth on the cotton buds, and the air now carries with it the odor of plants. The weathering of the envelope brings him comfort, and he relaxes at the thought of time passing, looking forward to seeing his plants grow.
The writer makes sure to keep the interior immaculate. He paints over every stain and rests only when the envelope is free of all blemishes. The white space relieves him, allowing him to continue living in his own reality within his writings.
Rules to test for: Mainability, Weatherproofing, Customizability
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Spatial & Posture Exploration Personas Activity & Posture
To detemrine the form of the enclosure, we first imagined the postures that our two personas would assume throughout the day. These postures are based on their personality. The writer is always curled up, while the gardener stretches out. The differences allow us to visualize how they would carry out activities and how the envelope would be shaped. After this exercise, spatial models were created with the idea of duality. Each model has two spaces to cater to the different preferences of the personas.
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Spatial Models
This model expresses a preference for lighter/darker spaces and a more open/enclosed space. The gardener assumes the space on the left and stands with his head peeking through the ceiling. The writer retreates to the space on the right and sits against the wall.
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Spatial Models
This model expresses their preference for enclosure and privacy. The gardener assumes the space on the left, looking out at his surroundings. The writer resides in the space on the right, surrounded by walls. They are divided by a sliding module that can be pulled down to create a privacy screen.
This model expresses their preferences for their postures. The gardener assumes the left, standing and looking out the less dense facade. The writer curls up in the space on the right, looking only towards the ground.
This model expresses differences based on their habitual postures. Since the gardener usually stands, the top half is more porous to allow for visual connection to surroundings. The writer usually sits or lies down, so the bottom half is less porous, as he prefers solitude and isolation.
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Structural Exploration Columnal Modules
As our modules are all soft and fabric-like, we had to explore structural options to support/prop our envelope up to allow it to be free-standing to create an interior space. We explored a circular and flat cross section to create strips that can support our model. We tried to create a column with a circular cross section, but it couldn’ t remain stiff. We tried making column with flat modules using wodden and Chronos | Strange Creatures
Truss Module
The columnal modules were all heavy due to its own weight, and we attempted to build on our 3-dimensoinal modules to create trusses to create lighter structure that can act as support. This failed as the joints were all reliant on adhesive and couldn't stay rigid.
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Cross Bracing Module
Following the failure of a truss, we tried to create more stable strucutral modules by stacking one side of the column and using cross bracing for the inner side. This resulted in modules that can be stacked modularly to create a column, but it was limited to being vertical and the modules were still weak at their joints since it was just slotted in.
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Skin/Fabric Development Monsoon Wall (Double Layered Fabric)
This was the second breakthrough point where interlocking flat modules in alternate directions allow us to create a fabric that can be collapsed/expanded, acting as a skin for our envelope. We termed this the "monsoon wall", or double layered fabric, as it mimics the monsoon window system of allowing wind, but keeping rain out, using a double layered arrangement. Due to the space between cotton buds, it did not work to keep the rain out, but instead we built on the dynamism of this fabric in future iterations and variations. Chronos | Strange Creatures
Rain Canopy Development Water Channeling Exploration
To accommodate to the personas' preferences for rain, we explored different modules to try and keep out the rain. When the modules were short, it was successful in channeling water, but failed to do so over a long distance as the speed of water flow decreased and water just seeped through all the gaps, no matter how densely the cotton buds were stacked upon each other.
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Spatial Helmets (Interior Experience) Helmet Framing
With all our exploration so far, we tried to consolidate them into a spatial experience by makinng helmets that could alter the wearer's perception. While we were making the helmets, we tried to stack the cotton buds in two different staggered manners to see if there was potential to create an envelope through vertical stacking. This was not feasbible due to the shear amount of cotton buds it takes to build upwards, and the resultant weave had no dynamism and was fixed in place. Attempting to interlock modules the as per week 1 exploration resulted in a circular helmet that could slide to expand/contract, but it had the same issue where it was extremely limited.
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Porosity Helmet
The most obvious experience so far was how porosity could be altered through the sliding mechanism. From this, we created a module that could slide and retract, to alter the porosity of a layer covering the user's eyes. However, the sliding mechanism turned out to be unfeasible over a larger size, and was not fit for use in a 1:1 model.
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Rain Helmet
Following the porosity helmet, we attempted channeling the rain again, this time using modules infilled with hot glue. A hole was made in the hot glue channel to allow some water to fall through and drip down the rain chain, to allow for two different streams of falling waterone dripping, and one gushing. The water channeling worked, but was of a different tectonic language to the other interlocking modules. Furthermore, the module goes against the properties of a cotton bud in forcing it to be waterproof.
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Cotton Envelope
With the first two investigations being literal helmet, this iteration's aim was to create an enclosure that would simulate the feeling of being in an envelope made of cotton buds. From testing and experience, we discovered that the spatial experience from within was actually very soothing, due to the diffusion of light by the cotton bud in addition to the whiteness of the material. There is also a very interesting silouhette effect caused by the density of cotton buds.
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Persona Consolidation Spatial & Posture Exploration
Operative Mechanism Exploration Enclosure Development - Single Layered Envelope - Layered Envelope with Windows
1:1 Skin x Body - Single Layered Skin - Double Layered Skin
Week 3 Chronos | Strange Creatures
Persona Consolidation
Temporal Perception serves as an interesting layer for the architecture, and timekeeping is retained as the identity of the personas. The way they perceive time is different and as such requires the envelope to be in a differernt state to accommodate. The Gardener perceives time through motion and growth; The gardener seeks physical evidences of the passage of time in the external environment around him. He embraces nature directly and actively tries to be part of it, to witness and experience the changes firsthand. The Writer grasps time through writing and self-reflecting. The writer desires solace to write, reflect, and reflect. He enjoys the protection provided by the envelope against environmental conditions that allows him immersion into his own world.
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Persona Consolidation
The gardener reaches out for maximum exposure to the outside and wishes for a direct engagement . He enjoys looking out at the rain and feeling the droplets against his skin; observing shadows change as clouds cover the sun; watching the wind animate objects; feeling the warmth of the sun.
The writer retreats inwards and seeks protection. He seeks a private space to write. He enjoys diffused light within the envelope while having focused light for him to write; The stillness of the enclosed space, and the privacy it provides, gives him peace of mind to think and write. Chronos | Strange Creatures
Persona Consolidation
From the personas' preferences, we tried to identify possible key design intents that could affect the envelope. The tessellation of modules allow the envelope to be dynamic. The gardener will retract it to create a darker and isolated interior whilst the gardener will expand it to create a brighter and engaging interior. Varying the numbers of cotton buds within each module and the way of layering will affect the intensity of filtered light and shadows. Increasing the number of cotton buds and having less layers will allow more light to enter for the gardener whereas decrease the number of cottons buds and having more layers will reduce the amount of filtered light.
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Spatial & Posture Exploration
Section 1 - Postures
Section 3 - Postures
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Section 2 - Postures
Section 4 - Postures
Operative Mechanism Exploration An attempt to include operability into the fabric, to allow controlling of porosity .
The overlapping module needs to run in the same direction to seal up the gaps.
After interlocking the two layers, it can be pulled to slide and vary the posority.
The pivot affects the porosity of the module in its open state.
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Enclosure Development Single Layered Envelope
In order to form an enclosure with the fabric, we used metal wires to create an arc. Since the skin is soft and clothlike, we went with a dome shaped envelope.
The resulting envelope showed that there were desirable spatial qualities in relation to light and shadows due to the tectonics and characteristics of the cotton buds, but the envelope lost its dynamism due to the structure being fixed.
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Envelope With Windows
To recover the initial property of the modules, the flexibility and collapsibility, the second iteration of the enclosure allowed us to lift the walls to create holes. When the walls are let down, it naturally stacks at the sides to form a denser part compared to the porous roof.
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1:1 Skin x Body Single Layered Skin
We made 2 variations of the skin using 8-module so compare their qualities. The enclosures from before had 16-modules and let in more light and was more porous, compared to this 8-module that has more diffused lighting. The key qualities of the skin being fabric-like is shown in how the fabric wraps around the body. This fabric was single-layered, and is significantly more porous compared to the double-layered (as seen from the silhouette)
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Double Layered Skin
The double-skin fabric is significantly heavier, being twice the amount of modules. The key qualities of this skin is shown in how it diffuses light, creating a form of ambient light that is suitable for reading. When tested in the sun, it reduces the glaring sun into a soft comfortable level.
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Choosing of Site | Atmospheric Backdrop - The Lone Tree at Jurong Lake Garden
Assembling and Testing - Making - Wooden Structural Module - Spatial Experience
Aging of time | Algae Testing - Air Plant Growth Test - Under Shade vs Direct Sunlight Environment
Interim I - Exhibition
Week 4 - Interim I Preparation Chronos | Strange Creatures
Choosing of Site | Atmospheric Backdrop The Lone Tree at Jurong Lake Garden
Selected Site
Perspective View of the Site Chronos | Strange Creatures
Assembling and Testing Making
Series of eight & sixteen Cotton Modules
Single & Double Layer Module
Assembling
Testing Weight to Structural Ratio
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Wooden Structural Module
Overview of Wooden Structural Module
Insertion of Structural Module
Front View of Wooden Structural Module
Wooden Module Snapped
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Spatial Experience
Overall Spatial Qualities
Spatial Aggregation
Operable Window Module
Details of Window Module
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Aging of time | Algae Testing Air Plant Growth Testing
Testing - Air Plant Growth
Composition
Tested Drome with Airplant Chronos | Strange Creatures
Under Shade vs Direct Sunlight Environment
Shady - Under Tree Branch
Shady - Away from Tree branch
Direct - Exposed to Tropical Weather
Direct - Exposed to Tropical Weather
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Interim I - Exhibition
Exhibition Booth
Mock-Up Model with Backdrop Chronos | Strange Creatures
Evolutionary Diagram
Week 5
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Evolutionary Diagram
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Quantities of Design Enclosure - Sinlge Layer External Wall - Single Layer Inner Wall - Single Layer Mat - Single to Double Layer Roof - Expandable / Collapsible - Expandable / Collapsible Window - Spatial Qualities - Overall Form
Plan Drawing - Form I - Form II - Form III
Week 6
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Qualities of Desgin Enclosure Single Layer External Wall
Under direct Sunlight
Evening Light from Internal
Evening Light from External
Diagonal View
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Single Layer Inner Wall
Retracted State
Progressive Expansion
Connecting Detail - Silhouette
Fully Expanded - Direct Sunlight
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Single Layer Mat
Gardener's Mat - Folded Externally
Writer's Mat - Folded Internally
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Single to Double Layer Roof
Nylon String - Mid Connection
Front View - Triple Connection
Elastic String Connection
Nylon String Connection
Sense of Softness
Series of Interconnected Strings
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Testing of Expandable / Collapsible with Elastic String
Retracted - Lighter Tensile Strength
Expanded - Lighter Tensile Strength
Retracted - Stronger Tensile
Expaned - Stronger Tensile
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Expandable / Collapsible Window
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Spatial Qualities
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Overall Form - Expanded / Retracted
Retracted - Writer Reading
Retracted - Writer Thinking
Expanded - Gardener Peeping
Expanded - Gardener Observing
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Plan Form I - Retracted
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Form I - Expanded
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Plan Form II - Retracted
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Form II - Expanded
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Plan Form III - Expanded
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Form III - Retracted
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Scale 1:1 - Mock-Up Model - Type Overview - Shadows - Spatial Quality of Light - Inhabited Persona - Model Overview
Evolutionary Diagram Section & Plan Drawing Backdrop + Scalability Perspective
Week 7 - Interim II Preparation
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Scale 1:1 - Mock-Up Drawing Type Overview
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Model Overview
Expanded State
Retracted State Chronos | Strange Creatures
Spatial Qualities of Shadow
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Spatial Qualities of Light
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Persona - Gardener
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Persona - Writer
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Section & Plan Drawing
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Backdrop + Scalability Perspective
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Architectural Details - Single-Layer Qualities - Double-Layer Qualities - Roof Qualities - Interlocking Layer Details - String Connection Details - Wind Curtain Qualities - Wind Curtain and Envelope Connection
Scalability
Week 8
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Architectural Details Single-Layer Qualities
Single-Layered wall is collapsible, and diffuses light that shine into the interior. The degree of collapsibility can be varied and depending on the number of cotton buds per module, different variations of modules can be connected together which will affect porosity and privacy.
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Double-Layer Qualities
Double-Layered wall not only is collapsible, it acts as a source of wall for light to be further discussed to a comfortable level for reading and writing. It works differently compared to a Single-Layered wall due to its connection details, which grants its inherent density and properties.
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Roof Qualities
The roof is collapsible in both directions. Due to its position on the strings, the weight distribution will cause the strings to sag more when it is collapsed, leading to a lower height with greater density.
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Interlocking Layer Details
Interlocking between 8-cotton buds and 16-cotton buds modules created a difference in the porosity on the same roof, thus creating a different tectonic language and thereby affecting the effect of rain and sun (shadows).
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String Connection Details
The composition of nylon and elastic strings gives the envelope its particular shape. A sense of lightness is achieved through the delicacies of the strings. Additionally, the strings inform the shape and is integrated into the envelope's mechanisms.
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Wind Curtain Qualities
The wind fabric sways in the wind, informing the presence of wind. It's tectonic allows for its collapsibility in two directions, inherently affecting the porosity and privacy.
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Wind Curtain and Envelope Connection
The connection joinery between the wind curtain and the envelope allows the curtain to be manipulated indirectly through the movement of the entire envelope, forming a system that showcases its collapsibility and dependency.
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Scalability
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Conceptual Diagram
Time-Keeping Mechanism
Week 9
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Conceptual Diagram shadow
actor
performance
stage
The sun, the intensity according to the time of the day and the resultant actions and postures of the gardener and writer. TECTONIC
A
B
C
D
E
F
G
H
ACTOR
PERFORMANCE
STAGE
The various agents, the environment as the mediator and the resultant effects shown. Chronos | Strange Creatures
I
Tectonics | Time-Keeping Mechanism
The various tectonics of the cotton buds that form the envelope Chronos | Strange Creatures
The display of the envelope's states, shadow in relation to time and the possible postures of the inhabitants. Chronos | Strange Creatures
Tectonics | Time-Keeping Mechanism Destruction of Writer's Wall
Plnating on Gardener's Mat
Removal of Writer's Mat
The gardener and the writer perceive and track time through accumulation and subtraction - the envelope becomes a vessel that fulfill s that specific purpose.
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Scalability Drawings
Plan and Sectional Drawing
Week 10 Chronos | Strange Creatures
Scalability Drawings
OVERUSING DISPOSABLES x TIME ARTIFACT
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Sectional Drawing
Sectional drawing disclosing the dynanism of the envelope
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Plan Drawing
Plan drawing disclosing the dynanism of the envelope
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Conceptual Diagrams - Gardener-Writer Preferences - Narrative - Tectonics and Environment
Final Envelope Model
Week 11 Chronos | Strange Creatures
Conceptual Diagrams Gardener-Writer Preferences
Narrative
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Tectonics and Environment Duality - The two contrasting
preferences inhabitating in the same body
Focal Light - Light shining into the interior of the envelope
Diffuse Light - Diffused light providing a comfortable light level
Rustle - The translation of wind onto the wind fabric, disclosing motion
Shadows - Patterns and gradient of shadows formed
under sunlight
Buoyancy - Sense of lightness and empherality
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Final Envelope Model
Gardener's Wall Window Open
Expanded Envelope
Gardener's Wall Window Closed
Writer's Wall Curtain Up
Contracted Envelope
Writer's Wall Curtain Down Chronos | Strange Creatures
Interior View of Envelope
Accumulation and Subtraction - The use of wooden modules on the envelope as a method of timekeeping for the gardener and the writer
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Final Conceptual Diagrams - Narrative - Tectonics and Environment
Final Sectional and Plan Drawing
Final Evolutionary Diagram
Final Scalability
Week 12 Chronos | Strange Creatures
Final Conceptual Diagrams Narrative
Conceptual diagram showcasing the preferences of the gardener and the writer in relation to the tectonics of cotton buds and their individual methods of tracking time, as well as their own timetracking mechanism.
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Tectonics and Environment
Buoyancy - Sense of Lightness
Collapsibility - Dynamism
Focal Light - Focus
Diffuse Light - Comfort
Writer's Time
Gardener's Time
Shadows - Patterns
Rustle - Wind Movement
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Final Sectional Drawing
EAST
WEST
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Final Plan Drawing
NNE NN N NEE w N wi winds ind nd dss
detachable
S winds
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Final Evolutionary Diagram
Week 1
Week 3-4
Week 2
Week 5-8
Week 9-13
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Final Scalability Kairos - Qualitative moments of indeterminate length Upon visiting the site, there seemed to be a lot of couples taking wedding photos. Witnessing this, we realised that this is an opportunity to tie the poetics of cotton buds to the events occuring at the site. The cotton buds offer a potential to be integrated into the site as a series of "moments" catered to the couples whilst exploring an alternative perception of time - Kairos
Unveiled
United
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Bounded by an undying love
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