SIGNIFICANT OF MALAY TRADITIONAL HOUSES Supervisors
Dr. Gurupiah Mursib & Dr. Raja Nafida By
Elham Hosseini PhD Candidate
Faculty of Built Environment Department of Architecture University Technology of Malaysia Johor Bahru, Malaysia September 2011 1
OUTLINE OF PRESENTATION Significant of Traditional House in Architecture Traditional Malay House (MTH) & Cultural Context Typology Essential Categories of Elements in MTH Physical Quality of MTH Spatial Quality of MTH Organization of Form and Space Closing Remarks
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SIGNIFICANT OF TRADITIONAL HOUSE IN ARCHITECTURE Role of Architecture Dwelling Traditional Architecture Traditional Houses Humanistic Folklore Cultural Adopted to the daily needs Homogeneous and contextual
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TRADITIONAL MALAY HOUSE (MTH)
+ CULTURUL CONTEXT Culture and local condition Fitting to its built environment Flexible Culture
MTH
Needs & customs Harmony with lifestyle
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TYPOLOGY
Form of Overhead Plane (Roof) Number of Vertical Linear Elements(Column) 5
TYPOLOGY Cont. Form of Overhead plane Long Roof = Bumbung Panjang
Hipped Roof = Bumbung Lima
Gambrel Roof = Bumbung Perak
Pyramid Roof = Bumbung Limas
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TYPOLOGY Cont. Number of Vertical Linear Elements Bachelor’s house (6 Columns) Bachelor’s House + Veranda (9 Columns) Big House (12 Columns) = Rumah Besar
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ESSENTIAL CATEGORIES OF ELEMENTS IN MTH Malay Traditional House MTH Features Physical
Spatial
Building Component
Spaces
Vertical Plane Horizontal Plane Overhead Plane Vertical & Horizontal Linear Elements
Porch Veranda Main Space Kitchen
Functional Activities Entrance Entertaining Social gathering
Common space
food Preparation
Others
Connecting Others
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PHYSICAL QUALITY OF MTH Elevating from the ground Juxtaposition of mass and void Grid Structure DAPUR
Spatial Grid
Kitchen RUMAH TENGAH
Common Common Space Space
Dining SELANG SELANG
Overhead Plane Horizontal Plane
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda RUMAH IBU
Main Room
Vertical Plane SERAMBI GANTUNG
Entrance Veranda
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SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH Flexible spatial organization Three basic space layouts Pic. 1 Pic2
Culture & Human Activity
LOTENG Attic
Planning Layouts DAPUR
Back part SERAMBI SAMANAIK
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
Closed Veranda
Closed Veranda
RUMAH IBU
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
Main Room
RUMAH IBU Main Room
SERAMBI GANTUNG
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Entrance Veranda
Entrance Veranda
Front part
Pic. 3
Kitchen
Diagram.1
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SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH Cont. Possible Activities
 Property of additivity, subtractivity, and translocation
Main Room
Entrance Veranda
SELANG SELANG
Entrance Veranda
RUMAH IBU
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Closed Veranda
Main Room
Closed Veranda
RUMAH IBU
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Practical
Common Common Space Space
Dining
SELANG
RUMAH TENGAH
Common Space
SELANG
DAPUR
Kitchen
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Visual
DAPUR
Kitchen Common Space
Spatial Elements
Conceptual
DAPUR
Kitchen
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Entrance Veranda
Spatial Hierarchy Diagram.2
Diagram.1
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“The modular not merely as a series of numbers with an inherent harmony, It is as a system of measurements that could govern lengths, surfaces, and volumes, and maintain the human scale everywhere” (Le Corbusier)
SPATIAL QUALITY OF MTH Cont. Modularity and repetitiveness
Pic. 1 Module (A)
Pic. 2
Module (B)
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Pic. 3
OUTDOOR FEATURES OF MTH
Veranda
Room
Room Kitchen
Main Room
Dining
Porch
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
SELANG
Common space
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
ANJUNG
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Porch
Veranda
Internal Open Space
RUMAH TENGAH
Dining
DAPUR
Kitche n
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MAIN SPACE OF MTH
Veranda
Room
Room Kitchen
Main Room
Dining
Porch
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
SELANG
Common space
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
ANJUNG
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Porch
Veranda
Internal Open Space
RUMAH TENGAH
Dining
DAPUR
Kitche n
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PRIVATE FAMILY GATHERING SPACE
Veranda
Room
Room Kitchen
Main Room
Dining
Porch
SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
SELANG
Common space
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
ANJUNG
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Porch
Veranda
Internal Open Space
RUMAH TENGAH
Dining
DAPUR
Kitche n
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INTERIOR OPEN SPACE OF MTH
Courtyard
DAPUR Kitchen RUMAH TENGAH Dining SERAMBI SAMANAIK
Closed Veranda
SELANG
Common space
RUMAH IBU
Main Room
ANJUNG
SERAMBI GANTUNG
Porch
Veranda
Internal Open Space
RUMAH TENGAH
Dining
DAPUR
Kitche n
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ORGANIZATION OF FORM AND SPACE “A good house is a single thing, as well as a collection of many.” Charles Moore Space Pattern Outside domains Configuration of form
volume of space
Relation of spaces Function Proximity Path of movement 17
ORGANIZATION OF FORM AND SPACE in MTH Mass & Void
Adjacency by separation vertical plane Penetrating the natural light and outlooks through the openings
Adjacency by vertical linear elements
Adjacency by changing level and contrast of light
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CLOSING REMARK
Thank You
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