Spring 2016

Ka Mana‘o Spring 2016

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 1

Cultivate Thought Cultivate Compassion

Cultivate Yourself

Learn how the choices you make about the way to play a scene affect the interpretation.

‘Staging’ doesn’t just mean the set or stage itself; it’s everything you do onstage to bring the drama to life. Come see how alternate staging, cutting, and acting affect the meaning in a piece.

Music - Theatre - Dance Experience YOUR Leeward Theatre 2 Ka Mana‘o

For More information or to buy Ticketswww.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao visit: http://LCCTheatre.hawaii.edu or call 455-0380

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Spring 2016

Editor’s Note

Contents 08 20 24 36

FEATURES

HEALTH

Cutting The Strings

ENTERTAINMENT

30 42

06 08 10 12 14 18 20 22 23 24 26 27 28 30 36 38 41 42

Mixed Plate BERNIE SANDERS Q&A WHITE PRIVILEGE LEEWARD DIGITAL AGE WHEN VOICES MEET print vs. film DLC Culture “malcolm x” “pride and prejudice zombies” mental health dog therapy comics hair health FASHION RECIPES OFF THE EATEN PATH campus voices student showcase

After my first few months as editor-In-chief, I can definitely say that it’s been a huge learning experience — mixed in with long hours of frustration and anxiety. Sure, I’ve been with the publication for nigh on three years now, so I should know how everything works, and our advisers tell me that I can do this job, but actually doing it, and at the standard we’ve come to be known for, is a daunting task.

For those who know me, it comes as no surprise that I tend to be a perfectionist, and when it comes to Ka Mana‘o, this perfectionist goes into overdrive — Nate, one of our associate editors, knows this all too well. Every article has to be written clearly, with as little mistakes as possible. Pictures and illustrations have to be compelling, and layouts need to be clean and work well with all aspects of the story.

Taking all that into account, when we fail to meet deadlines — which, admittedly,

is almost every issue — it can be frustrating. We tend to push deadlines further and further back and we’ve yet to solve this problem, but in time, we will.

That brings me to this issue’s theme: issues. As a staff, we compiled articles that cover, what we feel, are important issues in the campus community and beyond. From race and mental health to gaming, we tried to cover as wide a range of topics as possible. Of course, a number of hot-button issues like global warming, the rail construction and gun control were not addressed, and I personally believe these issues are already given a suitable (and sometimes) ridiculous amount of coverage by the local and global news. While this issue’s topics may not be as important to some, we can respect that. However, I believe that this issue’s purpose is more along the lines of encouraging readers to start thinking—and talking about—those issues they feel most

strongly about.

We as human beings have the power to look at the issues in our lives (big or small) that we view as most important. And while a lot of these issues may seem larger than life, it’s important to remember that we have the freedom to trust our instincts and take that first step towards enacting change, to speak our minds and know when to accept help and guidance from others. Don’t let your inner fears or social pressures string you up and prevent you from creating a better world and life for yourself.

Hm… I should really start taking my own advice.

FASHION Online www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao

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kamanaoleeward@gmail.com

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RECIPES 4 Ka Mana‘o

STUDENT SHOWCASE

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www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 5

A COMPILATION OF RANDOM FACTS & OPINIONS

BY KA MANA’O STAFF ILLUSTRATIONS BY TRINA SISOMVANG

SPRING 2016 Wedding Cake Fights Historically, wedding cakes have represented purity, fertility and loyalty. These confections also have the hidden ability to be used as projectiles.

In the past, cakes were often thrown at the bride to ensure fertility, and additional baked goods were heaped in a mound upon which the bride and groom would kiss.

If done without upsetting the pile’s stability, they were assured a prosperous life.

These customs first began in the 1600’s when a French chef visiting England suggested an alternative to the shapeless mass of baked goods: a more stable cake supported with broom handles. During that time, wedding cakes also known as “bride pies” were mincemeat or mutton pies that were baked encompassing a glass ring. If eaten by a single woman, this foretold their imminent marriage — a version of today’s bouquet-throwing tradition.

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The Price to Pay for Anime Like any other visual media production, making an anime is a long and strenuous process that requires dedication from all staff, especially animators.

In the United States, animators are paid a regular salary, with an average of about $50,281 per year. On the other hand, in Japan, most animation studios pay their employees a dismal amount. Traditional New York-based and Japanbased animator Henry Thurlow, discussed the pros and cons of animating in Japan. Thurlow notes how freelance animators can make a decent living in Japan but those who work for studios are unable to afford this luxury. Under a studio, animators are paid per drawing; therefore, not a stable source of income. From Thurlow’s experience, animators can expect to be paid about $1 to $4 per drawing. His earnings from the first Japan-based studio that he worked for netted him about $300 per month.

All hope is not lost, as some studios have strayed away from this format and have opted to provide their employees a regular salary like their American counterparts. The most notable studio being Kyoto Animation. Employees get a decent salary and training in Kyoto Animation’s distinct style. The result is consistent art, smooth animation, and experienced employees who aren’t scrambling to make a living.

Source: payscale.com

Salem Witch Trials In the spring of 1692, a series of witch trials began in Salem, Massachusetts, and, in the month of June, the first woman to be convicted of witchcraft, Bridget Bishop, was hung at Salem’s Gallows Hill. Around 150 men, women and children were accused of witchcraft and another 18 were convicted and hanged.

The trials began when two young girls, Elizabeth Parris and Abigail Williams, became ill with delusions and violent outbursts and were diagnosed by a local doctor with “bewitchment.” After the diagnosis, multiple girls in the city fell ill with the same symptoms.

Over the decades, scientists searched for possible reasons behind the strange symptoms of witches. By 1976, there was research found that a fungus called “ergot,” existed in rye and wheat. In Salem, rye was a large and foundly grown crop and could be infected with ergot if the weather conditions are humid and moist. This was considered as a possible cause of the “bewitchment” because ergot is known to cause muscle spasms, delusions, seizures and contortions — the same symptoms the young girls were experiencing.

The King James version of the Bible is believed to be the most accurate English-translated form and mentions unicorns on many occasions.

Unicorns are mythical animals with one horn. Rhinos are animals with at least one horn. During its creation, it is plausible that the Bible’s creators referred to rhinoceroses as unicorns. It is also plausible that unicorns were real and they lived among the rhinoceroses.

Alas, no unicorn fossils that have been unearthed by man.

However, absence of evidence is not evidence of absence. In theory, unicorn horns are impossible to fossilize, turning into a magical rainbow mist upon expiration. A horn detached from a unicorn upon death may become wishes for those who find them. Of course, no one really knows.

Bulletproof Coffee Butter may have another application than on toast with the growing “Bulletproof” coffee trend. Bulletproof Coffee founder Dave Asprey was inspired to create his company when he first tried yak butter tea. He has since garnered the attention of celebrities and opened up a Bulletproof Coffee cafe in Santa Monica.

The company has an entire product line and dietary plan to go with it. Two tablespoons of grass-fed butter can upgrade any cup of coffee. The butter supposedly adds benefits like vitamin K, omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids to reduce body fat, improve energy output and disease immunity.

Bulletproof Coffee has been received with some skepticism. Some critics have called Asprey’s science into question and dismissed his program as not credible due to small sample sizes, the few tests that were conducted supposedly statistically insignificant. This diet, like many fad diets, have one criticism in common: they are not viable in the long term.

Unicorns of Biblical www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 7 Proportions

FEATURE

“The message is simple, that all of us and the people we love are (going to) be adversely affected by the greed of a few and these effects are going to continue to happen unless we are ignorant to what is happening or, again, that separateness and that politics is something that is outside of ourselves.”

Q: What is the club’s mission?

Christina K:

We are trying to bring about a political revolution. We want to inspire individuals to help (them) understand we are one united. There (are) a few billionaires in this country and around the world who count on us being ignorant and count on us being divided that allows them to perpetuate their own agendas. For example, with climate change — we know it is real. We already see the effects it has today, but we have these oil companies that use billions of dollars to control our political system and control our media to benefit our business interests so it’s apparent with politicians they will deny climate change and deny the fact that it is human induced.

So basically we are trying to fight back and gain power back in the political system.

C.K.:

A lot of people feel unengaged with politics or feel it is separate from themselves. Or when they turn on the media, a lot of attention is given to unimportant issues which I see is a distraction.

The message is simple, that all of us and the people we love are (going to) be adversely affected by the greed of a few and these effects are going to continue to happen unless we are ignorant to what is happening or, again, that separateness and that politics is something that is outside of ourselves.

C.K.:

The Students for Bernie Sanders

by Ryan Sims | photo courtesy of the Bernie Sanders campaign website

With the 2016 presidential race underway and political participation at an all-time high, many students, especially at Leeward, have taken to expressing their opinion. Christina Kaleiwahea, founder of “The Students for Bernie Sanders” club at Leeward, has expressed the importance of politics and why she formed a club to support Sanders.

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For me, I do not have political aspirations. I am a business major and I want to be in business but I choose to be involved because I know this impacts us all too much. Because of these big money interests, you can see the corruption in our political system, and with a candidate like Bernie Sanders, you can feel you don’t have to chose a lesser of two evils and have a presidential candidate who will refuse to have a super PAC and the first time we will have a candidate who refuses to have massive campaign contributions from billionaires. He has a record for fighting, of fighting for the rights of the majority and I believe that the Students for Bernie Sanders is joining that fight.

Q: How was the club started?

Christina K:

I founded the Leeward chapter of this club. We are the sister club of the Bernie Sanders club at the University of Manoa. It was really tough starting the club. We have seen a lot of opposition from the Student Life department, we had to go through a lot of obstacles to actually organize. It took us a half a semester to be established to be a student organization.

C.K.:

I understand, and I am proud that we are the first political organization on this campus and I understand when things have never been done before and you have to check what is right and what is wrong.

I feel it was the treatment of being guilty until proven innocent rather than innocent until proven guilty. So it was a lot of obstacles.

C.K.: Here we are and I think if you are

a Bernie Sanders supporter or not, seeing other students involved (get’s you) to be involved with your own candidate or your own beliefs, so I am really stoked about it and with all obstacles and the let downs we are proud to be here today.

Q: Do you think political knowledge is important and what is the club’s mission?

Q: What has the club done so far and what events are planned and planned for the future?

Christina K:

Here, we did four voter registration drives last semester. It was really great having that meaningful conversation and we probably did 100 students registered to vote and they were of all parties of various beliefs. We had a Trump supporter and we just want everyone to be active in whatever way they choose to be.

Christina K:

We did a lot more with the community and the sister club. We held the million student march that was on Nov. 12, 2015. It was a nation wide demonstration. Basically, our demands were free college tuition for all colleges. There (were) other demands such as raising minimum wage to a livable wage. We did a protest at the UH Manoa campus. There (were) people from Leeward there as well. We held debate watching parties for all democratic debates. We provided food for people that attended.

Christina K:

Christina K:

This is directly relevant to your life whether you choose to engage or not. So either you step up and make the decisions yourself or someone else will make the decision for you. Again, this is not about you want to have a political career or be a campaign manager. You don’t need to be an expert to do this. Just wanting to provide yourself with knowledge. There (are) people that are more interested in climate change or gun control.

C.K.:

while. it should be more second nature.

(For) other people, it is income inequality, education; there is an endless amount you can find relevant to use. That is kind of of the message I want to perpetuate and that we are powerful than we think we are and I think that conversing with meaningful conversations with one another we can get enough. I hope that people don’t see it as a chore. I don’t know everything. I, too, research and have been involved for a

Even nonstudents were welcomed. We do phone banking which is important for the campaign, especially at the national level to not only campaign for Bernie here but nationally. I am super impressed with how hard working everyone is.

Q: How can interested students join?

C.K.: There (are) about 300 members at UH manoa. Leeward has about 30, which 10 are active and help out with the voter registration drives. We are hoping now that we are approved as a club. There was a ton of support. We want to spread politics into the leeward coast. Politics tends to be honolulu based. We want to spread the awareness. We do not have a room but you can email me. We do have text notifications. You can text the number 23559. We are also giving free Bernie stickers. We have the dates for voter registration drivers.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 9

FEATURE

White privilege is often dismissed in Hawai‘i due to the state’s racial composition, but it is still something many residents face. While white people may experience discrimination in Hawai‘i, there is no system in power keeping them down sociopolitically or economically.

Certain people have the privilege of not having to experience certain things, which is not to be misconstrued as people not ever experiencing hardship because of their status as a social majority. Typically, those who belong to the most majority groups have the most power when it comes to legislation, government and economy.

Having been raised in the Midwest, Leeward student Christine Zimmer was left with certain perspectives and ideas about race.

“I don’t really feel privileged because I’m white,” Leeward student Christine Zimmer said. “I still have a lot of issues with my own life so I don’t really feel privileged at all because of my skin color.”

was football and the kids — none of them had any hope of getting out of the economic situation their family was in except for football. My sister heard that everyday. Everyone said ‘This is my ticket out of here.’”

Historian and Leeward Community College Hawaiian studies professor Momiala Kamahele said that Native Hawaiians are still being marginalized.

“It’s systemic,” Kamahele explained.

As a white person herself, Canaday has seen that people are prone to dance around the issue of race, derailing the conversation.

“Just because you respond emotionally to something doesn’t mean that your logic isn’t logical,” Canaday said.

white in Hawai‘i

by Nate Jaramillo

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Leeward student Echo Canaday, on the other hand, was prone to moving around so she and her sisters all went to different schools on O‘ahu—Wai‘anae High School, James Campbell High School and a school on the North Shore.

Each of them had different experiences as her eldest sister went to Wai‘anae, her youngest went to the North Shore, and she went to Campbell. “(Wai‘anae High School) was horrendous,” Canaday said. “There was absolutely no education going on. In English class, for example, they studied “The Hobbit” for the entire first semester and never got past chapter three. … They never restocked the bathrooms (at Campbell), security guards were once caught smoking weed with students, the textbooks were from the 80s, and never once was I in a classroom with enough textbooks for each student. … And then, we moved to North Shore. My youngest sister went to high school there and they had a fully funded robotics team, they had really great education.”

From these experiences, Canaday realized the racial disparity.

“Schools that are mostly people of color are not given the same funding or treatment by the state as schools that are mostly white,” Canaday said.

“The only club or anything that ever got funding

photos by Melany McAngus

This anger expressed by racial minorities is discussed in a handout that Kamahele distributes to her classes — a list of definitions from “Typology on Racism and Imperialism” from Haunani-Kay Trask’s “From a Native Daughter: Colonialism and Sovereignty in Hawai‘i.” With this handout, Kamahele explained that the “righteous anger” that Trask discusses is a response to racism.

Nevertheless, Zimmer believes that white people, being the minority in Hawai‘i, can experience microaggressions and discrimination in the workplace due to being white. However, Kamahele’s handout explains the contrary. The aspects of racism — ethnocentrism, prejudice, and discrimination, as Trask identifies them — are not racist until used in conjunction with each other as a system of power and historical exploitation.

When considering Hawai‘i’s reputation for being a “melting pot of culture,” people often ignore that they may still subscribe, consciously or otherwise, to the country’s white majority and the benefits of whiteness.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 11

FEATURE

LEEward & the digital Age

alone, finding services like payment plans, class availability lists and transcripts almost doesn’t seem worth the trouble.

To get a better understanding of the student body’s media habits and most used online services, two surveys were conducted.

The first, which included all community colleges, featured eight categories. Of those eight, “Course scheduling/registering” (31 percent), “Checking grades” (31 percent) and “Don’t know” (11 percent) ranked the highest. The second Leeward-only survey, also featured eight categories. Its results found “Course scheduling/registering” (31.35 percent), “Checking grades” (30.74 percent) and “Don’t know” (10.66 percent) to be the highest as well.

With this knowledge, Cabral and her colleagues pushed for a newer, user-friendly version of MyUH which, incorporating a highly searchable and customizable interface. The new system, which looks more like a mobile app, allows students to customize home pages according to ‘favorites,’ most used and most popular services. An inclusive search bar, which encompasses a wider range of key search phrases, can instantly queue what a user needs.

This past semester, and similar to the revamping of MyUH, STAR, through greater accessibility, is poised to incorporate the class registration process. Cabral believes that incorporating registration into STAR

will not only streamline the process, but also give Leeward’s counselors more time to develop strong relationships with new and current students.

“There will always, because of our system and its complications, there will always be a need for face-to-face assistance,” Cabral said. “But I think what (revamping STAR) does is free up the counselors to spend more quality time, not just going through a list. I mean if they’re just helping you find this course that’s going to help you meet (a) requirement, and technology can do it, then that frees them up to really help the person understand more about time management, setting goals.”

by Chance Nakazato | illustration by Nick Jones

Students’ use of myuh data provided by Kathleen Cabral

The new link: http://myuh2.hawaii.edu/

S

ociety and technology go handin-hand these days. People are constantly walking around, their eyes glued to the screens of their mobile devices, creating an ocean from the tops of their heads.

Although technology can prove counterproductive to creating less of an in-person social environment, Leeward Community College marketing director Kathleen Cabral and her colleagues hope

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to use technology to improve the current MyUH website’s accessibility and the overall student experience.

With technology’s rapid advancements and the transition from face-to-face interaction to a widespread immersion in social media, many attribute technology’s progress to a generation of millennials who are ill-equipped for in-person social interactions.

“Getting information and making it easier

for students to access services is one of the most important things we do,” Cabral said.

“So (improving) communication and having students be able to access the services that they need as easily as they can is something that we’re always looking to improve.”

For new University of Hawai‘i system students, accessing and navigating the MyUH website for the first time can be difficult. With an outdated design and a wealth of information on the homepage

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 13

FEATURE

When VOICES MEET

by Chance Nakazato | photos courtesy of the Peace Train project

P

eople often consider music to be a universal language, and no one knows this better than Peace Train project co-founder Sharon Katz, who helped form the world’s first 500-person, multicultural and multilingual choir.

Born and raised in South Africa, Katz grew up under the apartheid regime and, being white, she had limited interaction with people of color (POC). As a 15-year-old, she would illegally stow away on vehicles to cross borders into black townships — underdeveloped, urban areas reserved for people of color — to visit friends and their families.

“I don’t remember thinking that there was anything wrong about what I was doing,” Katz said. “I remember feeling that I just wanted to understand and I wanted to know and I wanted to meet the children and the family members of my friends. I thought it was unnatural and wrong that they could only come and work in a white city and I couldn’t go and visit them and be a friend.”

Katz began the Peace Train project in 1992 as a peaceful means to aid Nelson Mandela in achieving his vision of a nonracial Democracy. Going town to town and school to school, she shared her passion for music with the various South African cultures. Simultaneously, children of all ages, ethnicities and socioeconomic backgrounds came together to form the project’s on-stage production “When Voices Meet.”

“Music — the very nature of it — is something that operates on another plane,” Katz said. “People communicate through music without words and without having a conversation, but the sounds communicate to other people — you can smile, you can form a bond with someone when you play music. … It’s an amazing, unifying bond that can form between people cross culturally and it never, ever ceases to amaze me how we can bond so quickly.”

Once it gained enough support, Katz and 150 of the production’s performers boarded a train and crisscrossed South Africa to spread their message of peace and love.

The project proved to be invaluable for people in the community, namely the children performers who hoped to

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change the hearts and minds of their fellow citizens.

“I think it was a very important time to have a project like this because Nelson Mandela and his colleagues, they couldn’t do all that work by themselves,” Katz said.

“They needed people on the ground — projects like us — who were willing to risk, to try to build those relationships and try to break down those walls that were dividing people and making them fear one another and hate each other for no reason.”

Apartheid

entire expedition, the pair traveled without escorts, despite the obvious danger.

“About 25 or 30 people a day were being killed, so it wasn’t an easy time to do it,” Cohen said. “Sometimes, we’d be on our way to a community and we’d get a phone call that said ‘stop, you can’t make it in today.

It’s just too dangerous.’”

ernment issued the Population Registration Act of 1950, which categorized all South Africans according to race. Any contact between the groups was limited via “pass laws,” documents authorizing the presence of people of color in restricted areas, and limited labor unionization and restricted POC participation in national government was enforced.

Despite strong opposition from countries like the U.S., this form of government persisted for nearly 50 years. During that time various political parties, like the Sizwe or “Spear of the Nation,” vied for control. From nonviolent political protests to armed riots, the people’s opposition to the apartheid regime quickly grew.

“So many people’s lives were destroyed by (the apartheid) but as Abigail (Kubeka) says in the film, she’s a well known singer and actress, ‘those who survived became stronger,’” Katz said. “It made people very strong to resist the government and eventually, to succeed and have a liberated country.”

“The hatred, divisiveness and not listening to one another does not make it a better world,” Cohen said. “In some ways, it is easier to go there. But it actually is more work, you know, it takes more energy to hate than to love.”

As a white individual performing and teaching music in communities of color, Katz encountered her share of skepticism. The apartheid’s artificial boundaries caused many families to be skeptical of her true intentions.

“It wasn’t easy to cement those relationships being white,” Katz said. “There was this tremendous lack of trust between races which had been set up by the apartheid government (and) that’s exactly what they wanted. When people are divided, it’s easy to conquer, it’s easier to control them.”

Just traveling from one community to the next proved challenging, even life threatening. The section of South Africa where Katz launched the project was gripped in civil war.

Marilyn Cohen, co-founder of the project, worked with Katz to film and document the experience from 1992 to 1997. For the

For the children who participated in the project it was a time of rediscovery. Many experienced identity crises, discovering a newfound power and responsibility to their country.

“All young people trying to find their place in this new society and had been chosen to be ambassadors, so that’s what united them all,” Katz said. “‘We’re all in it together as a family and we’re all in it together as ambassadors of South Africa,’ so it was a really powerful project.”

After the National Party’s all-white government enforced the apartheid, a set of policies rooted in racial segregation, people of color — the country’s majority — were forced to live in segregated areas and use designated facilities and services separate from the white population.

To further solidify the apartheid, the gov-

Cultural shock

From the very beginning, Cohen recognized the project’s impact for both its participants and general public. The choral production, train tour and Katz’s uncanny ability to bring people together with music, regardless of race, helped transform an entire country’s frame of mind.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 15

“I was witnessing something that I knew was extraordinary (and) I knew this was really an epic time in South African history,” Cohen said. “I was one of the first white people to be traveling out to these areas witSharon, filming these interactions. Incredibly fortunate, a filmmaker’s dream.”

Eventually, the Peace Train and all its performers took on the roles of designated ambassadors for South Africa. This was especially true for the children who toured the U.S., where social and racial divisions are still prevalent. Witnessing such a familiar form of separation was surprising, however it did provide an outlet for the South African youth to educate, break down stereotypes and understand the past behind America’s civil rights movement.

“It was difficult because at one point America had slavery,” Katz said. “And black South Africans coming from South Africa for the first time and mixing with African Americans, and hearing their experience, it was also another level and another layer of experience and pain.”

Those that toured abroad faced other challenges besides racial and cultural stereotypes. The country-wide tour was

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essentially illegal under apartheid law, and the government refused to provide food, funding and other necessities. Project participants were also threatened by the government to not board the train.

Numerous families and members of the community who were unexposed to multicultural experiences were hesitant to let their children participate, let alone travel abroad. After years of living under the apartheid, such drastic change and non-conformity posed a threat to a normal life. There were however people who believed that the time for change had come.

The Peace Train was the perfect platform for a peaceful transition into democracy.

“There was a slogan at the ANC, African National Congress, that said ‘sekunjalo: the time has come’ and it was mobilizing people,” Katz said. “How much longer were the people going to wait for liberation?”

Sharing knowledge

As the project grew, it also served as a creative outlet and leadership program.

When it came to the music and choreography the children were highly involved.

Katz employed a democratic style of

leadership, where each member of the production had the power to express their creativity, speak their mind and work towards greater collaboration.

“It was sort of an organic process because some of the choir members were really active and they’d add something in the middle of a song,’” Katz said. “That would come out of the choir members and we incorporated it the next time we came to the stage … It made for a richness of experience and it was never the same.”

The children also displayed an aptitude for politics by electing a leader who worked closely with Katz, Cohen and the other professionals to ensure all youth members had the best experience possible.

“We used to make it a requirement, if you will, that what they received they had to share,” Cohen said. “And they took that seriously and worked in their communities and in their jobs or what have you. I think the impact was felt really strongly in the country because when the film came out they chose to broadcast it Christmas weekend. … They showed the film a couple of times to remind people of what South African values really are.”

Katz and Cohen, with the help of editor and director Nancy Sutton-Smith, compiled archival footage of the entire project to create the documentary also titled “When Voices Meet.” During a tour in the United States, the pair visited different states, including Hawai‘i, and premiered “When Voices Meet” at 23 film festivals, winning “Best Documentary,” “Best Director,” and “Best Original Soundtrack” and the Sundance International Film Festival. Included in the film were interviews with project alumni who, years later, incorporated their experiences from the Peace Train in their respective fields.

“What we hope the film shows — and the whole South African experience shows — is that people can grow up in very diverse ways, with some myths about one another and still learn to listen to one another, respect one another, and understand one another,” Cohen said. “Not necessarily always agree, but to be respectful about the differences and to try and find common ground where there is and to build on that.”

Before South Africa’s first democratic election in 1994, only a small portion of the population (10 percent) were allowed to vote, and even then it was only whites.

With the election, the other 90 percent, people of color, were given the right to do the same.

Katz was commissioned to compose songs in different South African dialects, and by helicopter, fly to each rural area

to teach citizens the voting process. Since a large portion of the population was uneducated about voting, music proved itself to be a valuable medium. For many South Africans, the election was a political awakening and the first step towards an integrated democracy.

“People were waiting for hours, elders would be in a wheelbarrow when they couldn’t walk,” Cohen said. “But they were going to get there to vote if it was the last thing they did in their lives. People in their 80’s and 90’s voted for the first time. It was really extraordinary.”

The Rainbow Nation

During the first month of his presidency, Mandela explained the concept of a “rainbow nation.” Coined by archbishop and South African social rights activist Desmond Tutu, the rainbow nation is considered the culmination of post-apartheid society, where all races and cultures — once divided through segregation — come together as one.

As the Peace Train continued, it took on many of the qualities characteristic of the rainbow nation described by Mandela.

“People came to regard our Peace Train as “The Rainbow Nation,” Katz said. “(Mandela) always talked about the Rainbow Nation meaning that we’re all different colors and we should all come together and when people were looking for that group, they thought of the Peace Train because we were already doing that.”

When the Peace Train first began, there was never an official mission statement. However, according to Katz and Cohen, a large part of what the group was trying to accomplish dealt with bringing people together, regardless of their differences, and nurturing those relationships to create a better South Africa.

“Whenever we met with them, we always reinforced why we were there,” Katz said. “I would often bring it back to a lyric in a song and explain ‘this is why we sing this song.

We’re here because we are representing the new rainbow nation.’ … This is an era of change. … We are setting an example for the whole of South Africa to follow. They are going to learn how to do this because of us.”

Many of the group’s songs were aimed towards change and peace. During Mandela’s presidential campaign, Katz and several of the musicians performed said songs at political rallies. “‘Siyajabula,’ meaning ‘We Are Happy,’ (was) composed when Mandela was elected president. The time is right today, the time to make changes, to break down barriers between us (and) time to move into a new South Africa.”

In large part, the Peace Train represents a path to a greater ideal: to love rather than to hate. It also reminded participants of what they were working towards — a South Africa free of segregation and more importantly a worldwide rainbow nation. Such drastic change always takes time and Cohen understands that such change is not always welcome.

“The hatred and divisiveness and not listening to one another does not make it a better world. In some ways, it is easier to go there,” Cohen said. “But it actually is more work, you know, it takes more energy to hate than to love.”

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 17

OPINION

by Nate Jaramillo | illlustration by Nick Jones

The Ancient Art of Film Photography

W

hile the echoes of the infamous film-versus-digital argument may still be heard in Hawaii, what sounds ancient and inane might be the debate itself.

When she first started laying out magazines, Leeward Community College marketing director Kathleen Cabral had to lay type out by hand. As a designer, Cabral would have to pass material back and forth to different people, each person taking care of one step or another, before it made it to print.

This process took several days.

“I would have to spec typewritten notes, send it to a typesetter and have them come back with streams of white paper with the type set on it,” Cabral said. “Cross your fingers that 11-point-on-13 leading is gonna fit on the space that you had to lay out. … When that first layout program came, I couldn’t do nearly as many things as that typesetter could do, but it was easier, it was faster and, eventually, could do more.”

This shift from traditional to digital has been widely embraced by artists being that many prefer to work digitally.

A big argument for the pro-traditional side is that by making creative resources available to everyone, the quality of products will go down as everyone assimilates.

“Every other (medium) in commercial art has gone from traditional to digital, so you have to understand some kind of computer software in the graphic field. You can’t avoid it,” Digital Media professor Wayne Muromoto said.

With a major in painting and printmaking, as an undergraduate degree in Japanese culture and literature, Muromoto has experience in most, if not all, of the arts. In addition to that, as a journalist, he has seen the industry shift over from traditional processes to digital ones. Muromoto explains that digital processes are less demanding in terms of time and money, especially considering the output.

“If you work in the traditional way — in the dark room, using

18 Ka Mana‘o

negatives and all that — it forces you to pay more attention to your image because there’s so much work involved,’ Muromoto said. “What I notice is if you’re doing digital and you’re used to digital, you can take 2,000 photos … and, just by luck, have a good photograph.”

Cabral explained that she can appreciate debate for the sake of debate but finds that traditional and digital are just two ways to create the same product, calling the whole debate esoteric. She also commented on the convenience of digital technology.

“It’s just a matter of everyone being so stuck in their way. … There are ways to create the look of film with digital and the amount of money you save is unbelieveable,” Cabral said.

“Don’t worry about how you get there, as long as you get there. Cool if you can get there two different ways.”

However, the thriving local artist community keeps the connection to art both traditional and digital strong through vibrant street art and digital photography.

“As far as which one is better, it depends on what purpose you’re going to use it for,” Muromoto said. “The quality all goes down to the photographer and the writer.”

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 19

Entertainment

Downloadable content (DLC). The integrity of what was once seen as a surefire method for companies to expand gameplay content has been called into question.

DLC CULTURE

...PLEASE WAIT...

by Gerick-Cj Banga | photos courtesy of Blizzard Press center

Many companies argue that on-disc DLC, and DLC in general, is necessary to ensure content is released on schedule. The whole ordeal is a double-edged sword. While it ensures the security of additional game content, it also shortchanges gamers out of content that they should already possess. It all depends on how much content is being restricted and what type of content it is.

Longtime gamer, Dredd Rapisura, argues that as long as the content being provided is of good quality, it’s worth the added price. He thinks DLC like cosmetics are for players to flaunt if they have cash to spend and do not add any utility to the game. Rapisura states that good types of DLC provides additional playability to a game along with new content.

“I honestly think they want to get a base game out to get started with the market and release any additional ideas that they come up with,” Rapisura said. “Well, let’s see… DLCs that would increase your game time by either raising cap level or adding more content,

20 Ka Mana‘o

like, let’s say more storylines. “ Rapisura cites “Diablo,” “Fallout” and “Elder Scrolls,” which have DLC that drastically increases the number of hours that a player can put into those games. The content consists of more story, new game elements and character progression. The first DLC for “Fallout 3” continues the story from the base game and adds new weapons, skills, quests and characters. This DLC alone provides approximately five extra hours of gameplay — the equivalent of an average school day.

While DLC can provide extended content, it can withhold it as well. Companies make up for this by releasing future DLC content that greatly expands the game for more money, which is sometimes more expensive than the game’s original price. Most gamers hate this practice because not only does it make gamers spend more on a game that may already hold a sixty dollar price tag, it also reduces the amount of enjoyment a gamer might get out of it

if he or she decides to forgo the expense.

Another experienced gamer, Joshua Legaspi, took the stance that today’s game companies are restricting content during production rather than creating more post-game release. He argued that DLC which heavily increases gameplay should already be in the game since some content is crucial to certain game elements.

“Right now, as it is, DLC is very money grabbing, in my opinion, because the way they make DLC, in my opinion, is that they have a game that is unfinished and they release the finishing touches of the game through DLC,” Legaspi said.

Without the DLC for a game called “The Evil Within”, Legaspi found the experience to be mediocre. He encountered many story issues along with a lack of character details. With the DLC, he noticed plot holes were fixed and characters finally began to progress.

Game companies restricting content to improve and not extend current content is a recent concern. A notable game company that is known for this is Capcom. According to the article “Capcom Rethinking DLC On Disc” by Robert Workman, hackers have found DLC characters that were supposed to be released at a later date inside the game disc of “Street Fighter X Tekken” and were already using the content in online multiplayer. These characters provided an unfair disadvantage to players without the DLC, which outraged a lot of people in the process.

“I guess good DLC would be … cosmetic DLC, in my opinion, which is purely just DLC where you buy it so you look better, but it doesn’t enhance gameplay in the sense of it being easier,” Legaspi said. “You would have fighting games where they would have DLC where you play a character that could be much better and overpowered than other characters that can be played.”

Cosmetics, or visual improvements, is one of the most common forms of DLC. These include additional soundtracks, outfits for characters, and various other items that affect the look and sound of the game. Many free online games provide cosmetics for the company to make profit without giving advantages to any player who decide to spend money on the game. This provides a way for players to support the game company by choice and not because they feel unsatisfied by the lack of content.

Regarding opinions on good DLC, Legaspi’s view directly goes against Rapisura’s belief that DLC like cosmetics are not worth it because it doesn’t really affect the game in a major way that makes it worthwhile. Legaspi believes that cosmetics are the way to go because cosmetics provide a way to support the company without backing players into a corner with lackluster content.

Overall, the issue of DLC is not completely black and white.

Some game companies do restrict content to release later, but others want to cater to their fans’ popular demand. In this modern age, the minds of gamers seek quality, fairness, and the security for their wallets.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 21

Entertainment

As an adaptation to the series’ first book, “Pride and Prejudice and Zombies” has an interesting concept, but is surprisingly forgettable in its presentation and characters.

In the 19th century, a mysterious plague causing zombification transforms the English countryside into a war zone. Women are now expected to both fight and lead marriageable lives. Fate leads Elizabeth Bennet (Lily James), a master of Chinese martial arts and weaponry, to join forces with Mr. Darcy (Sam Riley), a skilled but arrogant gentleman and zombie-killer.

The movie takes place in the “Pride and Prejudice” universe with the addition of zombies. For the first two-thirds of the

“We didn’t land on Plymouth Rock.

Plymouth Rock landed on us.”

movie, the interjection of zombies felt forced. The only exception would be the fact that women are not only allowed to fight in this universe, but are expected to if they are unmarried. This forced a change in the social, marital and gender structures of the original “Pride and Prejudice.” The new social stratification is based on where women learned to fight and what styles they choose to learn, with the expectation of ceasing after marriage.

The fact that Liz chose to train at a Shaolin temple in China rather than Japan left her at odds with others in the wealthy class and cost her her status as an eligible woman. This is an interesting concept

that adds to Liz’s character as well as this universe’s view of women. However, it is dropped early into the film and is never brought up again, making it a moot point.

As part of the explanation, a mixture of Chinese and Japanese art styles is used to describe how the zombies came into being as well as display the credits of the film.

However, the actual culture is not displayed nor expanded upon, with the exception of a single scene involving Liz stating that she had read the “Art of War” in its original language. In conjunction with that, the film never uses actors of those cultures even as teachers, thereby appropriating their cultures. Had the film gone into more depth

PRIDE & PREJUDCE & ZOMBIES Rating: 1/4 Stars

by Kaitlyn Overtree | photo courtesy of Sony Pictures Publicity

MALCOLM X brought to life

by Alex Sabalburo | photo courtesy of the “The Estate of Malcolm X”

In 1992, writer and director Spike Lee brought infamous minister and human rights activist Malcolm X to life, and, as one of the most underrated films in movie history, “Malcolm X” uses top notch acting and directing to create a movie worth watching.

Based on “The Autobiography of Malcolm X” by Alex Haley, the movie centers on Malcolm X’s life from early childhood, to his involvement in the Nation of Islam, civil rights activism and assassination on Feb. 21,1965.

In the film’s opening sequence, a Rodney King newsreel with a Malcolm X voiceover, immediately sets the stage for the movie’s time period. The opening title is so powerful, suspenseful and haunting, that the image of police and racism is burned into the viewer’s minds.

Lee honors the life and legacy of Malcolm X from beginning to end. Like most biographical films, Lee places Malcolm X in the spotlight to demonstrate his impact on history. The story is told with narration courtesy of Denzel Washington, who also plays the activist himself.

At the height of his career, Washington transforms himself into a playful Malcolm (aka Detroit Red) from the 1940s. He ends up being the rough-and-tough gangster, then a changed man as minister and human rights activist Malcolm X from the 1950s and 60s. Wash-

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Rating: 4/4 Stars

ington’s delivery made for a convincing Malcolm X. Although Washington gives a powerful performance, the film itself lacks historical accuracy with regards to civil rights. The montage of protest and riot newsreel footage fails to capture Malcolm X’s life as an activist. Reenactments could’ve developed the plot further but Lee only focuses on Malcolm X. Other significant figures of the civil rights movement like Martin Luther King Jr. were omitted from the film. Malcolm X mentions him during a TV interview but the inclusion of Martin Luther King Jr. would’ve made the film more authentic.

As a powerful tour de force, “Malcolm X” is an underrated film.

When it comes to issues like racial equality and civil rights, however, audiences should stick to the history books.

about how these cultures have influenced the European nations as well as added Japanese and Chinese actors, the film would have felt more authentic. Instead, it denied Asian roles. The film only becomes more coherent in its last third, wherein the concept seems to have finally gained traction.

Another well-known aspect of the novel that was underdeveloped the romance between Mr. Darcy and Elizabeth Bennet, which begs the question: Where is it? The romance is forced and contrived with very little chemistry between the two characters. Mr. Darcy speaks rarely to Liz and has only met her sparingly before suddenly deciding that he is in love with her. Very little time is dedicated to the two of them, with the movie focusing more on action and the discussion of other characters. The romance between Jane (Bella Heathcote) and Mr. Bingley (Douglas Booth) is, by contrast, much more believable despite having less screen together. This may be more of a factor with the writing, however.

Almost all of the characters in this movie are completely forgettable due to two ma-

jor problems in the writing and casting. The first is that the film only uses a character’s name if that character is important to that particular scene, and the second being that every character looks extremely similar to their companions. Fans of both the original novel and the parody novel will be confused as to who plays whom, causing the audience to become indifferent towards the character’s fates. Many of the characters outside of the main cast also feel one- or two-dimensional, thus they are easier to assign love interests to without ruining the characters.

This is not to say that the actors didn’t try. Lily James is the standout of the cast as she gives a stunning performance. She was able to give depth and subtlety to a character that should have it but was not written as such. Matt Smith added levity as the bumbling Parson Collins, though it still felt awkward to witness his performance during the film. In contrast to this, Sam Riley was the worst actor in the cast with numerous protracted pauses, wooden delivery and an unnaturally raspy voice.

This could have been his way of portraying the character as someone who has very little interaction with society and, as such, doesn’t know how to conduct himself.

However, the vocal pattern was very distinctly reminiscent of Christian Bale’s Batman voice, which is jarring to hear in this film.

This is a quiet film, with periods of gunfire breaking the monotony and leading to painful explosions of noise to the eardrums, thus the actors were difficult to hear over the sound mixing. Often, a quiet scene will play out with most of the dialogue being covered up by the sound of cloth moving or dishes clattering. Every once in awhile, these scenes are broken up by the sudden sound of the orchestra, mid-scene explosions and gunfire, interrupting the characters dialogue. This led to a bad moviegoing experience.

Overall, this is an amazingly bad movie with good acting but poor writing, romance and bad sound mixing.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 23

HEALTH

“I notice sometimes when I introduce myself to a classroom or to some students and I mention ‘I’m the mental health counselor,’ they physically shrink away from me and kind of get out as fast as possible,” Humphrey said. “But I really think that mental health and then mental illness, as it’s often referred to in the media, has become associated with weakness, with being wrong, (and) with being “crazy.”

Ultimately, Humphrey wants people — students in particular — to understand that struggling with mental health is not a bad thing. While diagnoses are helpful, Humphrey’s main goal is to help clients cope with situations in their lives, provide an alternate perspective and a support system. Not to label or categorize clients according to symptoms and behaviors.

Of course, for students trying to help their peers cope with mental health issues, that is something else entirely. With the added stigma, individuals may be unwilling to open up or are hesitant to receive help.

If this occurs, Humphrey believes care and understanding is key.

“That honestly, can be the difference for some people — between wanting to live and wanting to die… that’s the realities of

Importance of

self-care

by Chance Nakazato | photo by Marcel Saragena Illustration by Kaeli Giron

I

t’s almost impossible to function in today’s world completely stress free.

For some college students, working multiple jobs, raising a family and maintaining good health and finances is hard enough. Throw college into the mix, which is a full-time job in itself, and it becomes difficult to retain a balanced state of mind.

On a national scale, research organization Wisconsin HOPE lab conducted a survey featuring seven states and a total of 4,000 students at 10 community colleges. The study’s final results found that 36 percent of students surveyed reported dealing with depression, and 29 percent reported dealing with anxiety.

A 2015 Mental Health America survey conducted at Leeward found that 39 percent of the campus’ population has had personal experience with mental health issues and 53 percent of the campus population have dealt with mental health problems within their own families. Of course, this data only includes reported cases.

For Leeward mental health counselor Amy Humphrey, the issue of mental health is extremely important. She also considers

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a good mental state to be an alignment of both negative and positive emotions.

“I like to think of mental health as having a tolerance for those feelings and being able to balance them and cope with them in a way that also brings about happiness and comfort,” Humphrey said.

“So it’s more about how we interact with our world in a healthy way rather than just falling apart I guess.”

According to Humphrey, college counseling centers across the United States have seen an increase in the number of students seeking help, and the severity of issues like heightened anxiety and depression.

At an institutional level, higher enrollment, increased tuition and lack of resources and student support services are all possible factors when it comes to this rise in mental health issues amongst college students. Financial aid — or lack thereof — can lead to financial stress which can also be a leading cause of stress for many students today.

Other factors may be more localized.

Personal background, like home environment, upbringing, and one’s ability

to handle college’s stressors can affect the overall college experience and a student’s mental state.

“A lot of students, especially if they’re first generation college students, never had parents who knew what college was like,” Humphrey said. “I am fortunate enough to have had parents who went to college, so when I started, I could call home and tell them what I was going through, and they understood. Whereas someone who’s never had a family member who went to college before, won’t get that validation or that understanding.”

When it comes to receiving help in mental health, society — particularly the media — erroneously stigmatizes those who struggle with mental health issues as being ‘weak,’ ‘crazy’ or even dangerous.

These stereotypes can clearly be seen in entertainment media through television shows, movies and the daily news. A large number of mass shootings, past and present, are linked to mental illness.

Because of these damaging depictions, many who wish to seek help, may end up not doing so, and those who do are placed under a negative light.

53%

what I work with,” Humphrey said. “Some people really do get so hopeless or feel so helpless that the only alternative that they can see is death. So if someone is reaching out to them and saying ‘I do truly care about you and I just want you to be okay,’

that can help give them options other than ending their life.”

Leeward CC Pearl City campus members that have dealt with mental health problems in their families.

Leeward CC Pearl City campus members that have had personal experience with mental health issues.

39%

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 25

HEALTH

Dog Therapy

Spring 2016

COMICS

by Kaitlyn Lanford | photos by Aaron Pila

S

ome say that dogs are man’s best friend. This is most true when dogs like five-year-old golden retriever JJ act as licensed therapists.

JJ has been a licensed therapy dog since she was one year old and treats hospice patients with her owner, registered nurse Tracy Calhoun. As a residential dog for the Inpatient Hospice Facility in Albany, JJ works three 12-hour shifts per week and conducts volunteer therapy dog sessions. According to Calhoun, each session is liable through Project Canine, who works through a crisisrelated response team.

Therapy dogs like JJ bring excitement to hospice patients and staff when they come running through the door. A sense of companionship and love brightens everyone’s day. While this doesn’t necessarily heal patients, it helps them cope with hard times.

Many foundations bring in therapy dogs, however, hospice and nursing homes are the most common to employ them. Hospice therapy dogs and their owners go through extensive training and gain experience before becoming certified. When patients are critically ill, typically with six months or less to live, they are bedridden and lack interpersonal interaction. The dogs who visit offer an alternative.

When dogs and patients interact, a sense of hope and companionship is formed.

This is a prime example of endorphins, the “feel-good hormone” stimulating the brain through touch and interaction with other humans and animals, which can cause a rise in mental and physical health.

Most patients have few visitors, leaving them lonely and with little excitement throughout the day. By having the dogs visit, patients are given something to look forward to. Hospice care-teams may also bring in dogs to calm emotionally unstable patients.

26 Ka Mana‘o

Although therapy dogs are most common in nursing homes and hospice care programs, they are also used in child hospital care and childhood education. For children who are hospitalized, dogs are brought to encourage play and interaction when family and friends are absent. A program called “Tail-Waggin’ Tutors” provides a comfortable and safe environment for kids to read aloud to dogs, enhancing their reading skills and building self esteem.

“This is much more advanced work than basic therapy dog visits that requires a lot of special training for dogs and handlers,” Calhoun said.

Considering the amount of time and training put in by handlers and dogs, it is more intense than regular therapy sessions.

After working as a therapy dog for nigh on six years, JJ’s facebook page has filled with viral pictures and videos of interactions with patients.

Therapy dog programs like PetPals, TailWaggin’ Tutors, Project Canine, American Kennel Club, and Angel on a Leash “America’s Therapy Dogs,” can be found all across the country and serve as valuable resources for those in need.

Cheese & Quackers

by Megan Ridings

donates his nose

By Russell T.

Here, have my nose and this balloon!

PA H

Ooh, so close!

PA H

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 27

FASHION

D R I N K WAT E R

It’s been said time and time again that drinking at least 64 ounces of water a day has a positive effect on overall health, and it’s an especially effective way to keep hair healthy, smooth and shiny.

N AT U R A L O I L S Natural oils have many health benefits. They’re also a cost-effective alternative to certain beauty products. Coconut oil, in particular, is great for hydration, repairing heat and chemical damage, protecting against split ends and taming frizz. Just apply a healthy coat of coconut oil to hair before bed and wrapping it with a silk scarf for an overnight tresse treatment. Massaging castor oil into the scalp is suggested to promote faster hair growth.

D RY S H A M P O O

Hair isn’t supposed to be washed everyday, because it strips the natural oils that keep hair hydrated and silky smooth. This is great news, because there isn’t always time for a shower in the morning anyway. However, greasy hair is never attractive. Dry shampoo, which is sold at any drugstore, is a great way to freshen up hair in between washes that leaves hair smelling great, and even creates volume. An alternative home remedy is rubbing baby powder or aloe vera gel into the scalp and brushing it through all hair.

HAIR H E A LT H

M A K E E V E RY D AY A G O O D H A I R D AY

by Melany McAngus

Between college classes, jobs, and homework there can be little time leftover to stand in front of a mirror and primp. Taking steps to maintain healthy locks can help one roll out of bed with great hair. Here are some simple, time-saving and cost-effective tips to keep that mane looking good with little effort.

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V I TA M I N S

Taking vitamins is a simple way to get necessary nutrients into the body, and it helps to combat deficiencies and promote a healthy appearance. A great supplement for hair is biotin. Biotin, or B7, is a B-complex vitamin found in egg yolks, bananas, avocados and soybeans that helps the body convert fat into energy and plays a key role in hair, skin and nail health. Biotin is used in many hair products because it can be absorbed through the skin. However, it is most effective when taken orally.

V I N EG A R C L E A N S E R Product buildup can weigh down hair and take away it’s shine.

A simple remedy is to use a cleanser on a weekly basis to help wash out all the gunk. Rinsing with apple cider vinegar is a great way to remove buildup. On top of that, apple cider vinegar is loaded with nourishing properties that prevent breakage, and it serves as an alkalizer to restore pH balance. The vinegar smell is worth the transformative powers it has on hair, but use it before applying shampoo and conditioner so no one else will be able to smell it.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 29

FASHION

FABRICS THAT ARE TEAM PLAYERS

Brightly colored sports gear can be spotted from a mile away, no matter what it’s worn with. The best way to blend an outfit together is to use a neutral color palette. Grays, blacks and other muted tones create seamless ensembles. Plus, these colors go with everything, meaning closets filled with infinite options and combinations.

ATHLEISURE:

RULES OF THE GAME

LINE CALL ON

LAYERS While Hawai‘i is not always ideal for sweaters and jackets, layering is definitely the most effective way to dress up sweats and yoga pants. Adding a sports jacket, light sweater or a scarf over a tennis dress or gym clothes creates a more put-together look.

by Melany McAngus

There is a new fashion movement that has made it even more socially acceptable to wear sweats and yoga pants in public, even at work, and it’s called athleisure. Athleisure is defined as activewear merged with casual or dressy attire to create a sport-chic look. Since this phrase was coined in 2014, the trend has rapidly gained popularity with no signs of stopping.

Fashion icons such as Gwen Stefani, Gigi Hadid and Shay Mitchell are known for sporting this look out on the streets and have become forerunners in mastering the art of mixing gym clothes into everyday looks. Convertible activewear is in such high demand that brands are rolling out their own athleisure lines.

When it comes to any fashion trend there are always dos and don’ts, and this one is no exception. Here are some helpful guidelines to help integrate fitness clothes into any outfit.

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www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 31

NEUTRAL ZONE Brightly colored sports gear can be spotted from a mile away, no matter what it’s worn with. The best way to blend an outfit together is to use a neutral color palette. Grays, blacks and other muted tones create seamless ensembles. Plus, these colors go with everything, meaning closets filled with infinite options and combinations.

SPORTING

KICKS

Tennis shoes are a great way to add a sporty edge to a dress or skirt. The contrast between a casual shoe and a more dressy ensemble tones down the look as a whole for a more easy-going feel that is perfect for a daytime outing.

UNDER GARMENT MVP

Showing off a bit of a sports bra under a sheer crop top can add a fun pop of color to a monochromatic outfit.

The great thing about athleisure is that it makes fashion more comfortable, and it adds versatility to workout clothes that everyone already owns, so play around with it. Push the envelope and discover how this trend can fit into any individual style.

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www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 33

CAMPUS FA S H I O N

34 Ka Mana‘o

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 35

RECIPES

celebrate

citrus

by Coe Snyder | photos by Marcel Saragena

granita

Servings: approximately 2 times the volume of liquid Time: 3 to 5 hours Ingredients: •Any fruit juice or beverage

Pour juice into a flat-bottom pan or glass dish. Place in freezer for 3 to 4 hours, stirring and breaking up ice every 30 minutes. The length of time varies based on the freezer being used. As the juice freezes, be sure to scrape the sides and ensure it is thoroughly shaved.

Serve immediately or store in freezer.

Granitas may be stored for a week.

margarita cupcakes Servings: 12 cupcakes Time: 1 hour 40 minutes

Preheat the oven to 325º and line the muffin trays.

In a bowl, cream the butter and sugar together by whisking or beating them until pale, light and fluffy. This can be done by hand or by using an electric mixer on medium-high speed.

Add the citrus juice, zest, tequila, vanilla extract, and continue mixing until incorporated. The mixture may curdle. If it does not fix itself after mixing for a minute, add 2 tablespoons of flour.

Add the room-temperature eggs to the mixture one at a time and F

36 Ka Mana‘o

Batter 1½ cups all-purpose flour 1½ teaspoons baking powder ½ teaspoon salt ½ cup unsalted butter, room temperature 1 cup granulated sugar 2 eggs, room temperature Zest and juice of 1½ limes 2 tablespoons tequila ¼ teaspoon vanilla extract

mix on medium until incorporated.

Combine flour, baking powder and salt and sift. If using a mixer, reduce speed to the lowest setting.

Add the dry ingredients and buttermilk, alternating between the dry and wet ingredients and being careful not to overmix.

Pour batter evenly into the lined muffin tin. Tap pan gently on flat surface to remove air bubbles.

Bake for approximately 25 minutes or until slightly golden and firm.

Remove from oven and brush tops with tequila. Allow cupcakes

½ cup buttermilk 1 Mandarin, juiced and zested 1 to 2 tablespoons tequila Margarita Buttercream Frosting 1 cup unsalted butter, room temperature 2 ¾ cups powdered sugar 1 tablespoon lime juice 2 tablespoons tequila ½ teaspoon coarse salt

to cool completely before frosting.

Using an electric mixer, whip the butter at medium-high speed until light and fluffy. Add the powdered sugar and mix until incorporated and scrape the bowl as necessary.

Add the citrus juice, zest, tequila (or vanilla extract, if it is nonalcoholic) and salt. Whisk until it is light and fluffy. If the frosting is too soft, add more powdered sugar.

Frost cupcakes and garnish with additional zest and a sprinkling of salt.

www.leeward.hawaii.edu/kamanao 37

RESTAURANTS

OFF THE EATEN PATH: KAIMUKI

by Melany McAngus

For anyone living on the west side, the drive to Kaimuki is worth taking for the many delicious food options this little town has to offer. With a wide variety of ethnic cuisines and mom-and-pop shops, all located within the same one block radius, it’s almost impossible to decide on where to begin.

J AWA I I A N I R I E J E R K R EST U R A N T 1137 11th Ave, Honolulu HI 96816 This little joint put Hawai’i on the map of good eats when it was featured on the show “Diners, Drive-ins, and Dives.” Jawaiian Irie Jerk is a cantina-style restaurant with an indoor-outdoor layout. With its warm mood lighting, open breeze, and (sometimes live) Jamaican music playing in the background, this place really does set the tone for a meal.

From the entrees to the house bread and jerk butter, the cuisine exudes authenticity. Every dish is full of flavor and for people new to this style of cooking, the jerk chicken is recommended. Tender and crusted in herbs and spices, the chicken reads lower on the spicy scale so it’s newbie friendly.

For those with a more developed palate, the Escovitch fish is superb. The fish is dry rubbed in spices creating an extra zesty flavor. A house favorite called the curry goat is another excellent choice. The goat meat used in this dish is marinated overnight so it doesn’t have a gamey texture or taste when served. If anyone is extra daring, ask for a side of housemade hot sauce, made with ghost chili peppers. Make sure to save room for dessert, because they have a rum raisin ice cream that is to die for.

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SPROUT 1154 Koko Head Ave, Honolulu HI 96816 Anyone looking for a quick bite should check out Sprout, a locally owned sandwich shop that gives off an upbeat atmosphere with friendly customer service. They provide an array of healthy and organic sandwiches made with (almost entirely) locally grown produce, and never has healthy and organic tasted so good.

With quirky names like “The Fonz,” “The Big KaTuna” and fresh creative topping combinations, these sandwiches are arguably the some of the best. A personal favorite is “The Don Patrol,” a caprese sandwich with fresh mozzarella, basil, tomatoes and a balsamic reduction to tie it all together. Another brilliantly crafted sandwich is “The Floater” which is filled with turkey, melted brie, apple slices, pickled red onion and house mayo. “The Yogi” is a vegetarian option made with hummus, marinated kale, cucumber, carrots, and fresh sprouts.

Some of these choices can seem a little outside the realm of normal sandwiches, but as the old adage goes “don’t knock it ‘til you try it.”

“Right now, I’d say it is college tuition. The price of college tuition and just living in Hawai‘i is, just very expensive as is and students have to work harder to afford college tuition.”

- Dayna Takahashi, Liberal Arts

“For me, I guess it would be the safety of the population, the safety of others. ISIS is in the world and there are a lot of things going on. We need to put more laws, and we need to make sure our people are safe, and I feel right now because there’s (a) lack of laws. That’s why we have shootings happening and all this because a lot of people are accessible to that.”

WHAT WORLD ISSUE IS IMPORTANT TO YOU? - CAMPUS VOICES by Megan Ridings photos by Marcel Saragena

- Vichelle Smith, Primary Education

V I A G E L ATO 1142 12th Ave, Kaimuki HI 96816 This adorable gelato shop is a one-stop location for satisfying a sweet tooth. All of their frozen treats are made fresh daily, and new flavors are always being created. In fact, a board located in the dining area allows customers to suggest new flavor ideas.

From traditional flavors like fierce chocolate and vanilla bean, to exotic and extravagant flavors like black sesame and Earl Grey, there is guaranteed to be a perfect choice for everyone. On top of that, they make their own waffle cones which are wonderful with or without the gelato.

“Scientific ignorance that is prolific in the state of Hawai‘i, that is allowing the Thirty Meter Telescope to be shut down.

I’ve heard a lot of arguments against it and one of the major ones is (that) there’s plenty of (telescopes) up there already and ‘why does it have to be here?’ but the answers are kind of self-evident if you had to think about it. It’s there because it’s on the equator, and you can’t use any other telescopes because of its size and because of the equipment they were going to put on it, it’s unique to that telescope which filters out anything. You would’ve been able to see to the edges of a black hole.”

“I think the thing most important to me at this time is women’s rights. It’s something that affects people the world over. I think I have a renewed interest and passion for it because women’s rights are really seriously (being) challenged right now with threats to defund Planned Parenthood, different laws making it increasingly difficult for women to have reproductive rights, not to mention just the freedom to have it. It’s one thing to say it’s legal, it’s another thing to have to drive out of state in order to see a gynecologist or something like that. Also, (it’s) 2016 and there’s still a huge wage gap, there’s few rights for women regarding maternity leave and other things, that many other nations have passed. (Other nations) are more advanced, and I think that we’re suffering. We’re way behind the times so it’s something that I have renewed focus and passion about.”

- Joe Kelsoe, Primary Science - Natalie Wahl, Library Circulation

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Laameaomaunaala Burgess

@_superstarj

@808shooter

@808shooter

student

showcase @hokuthedog

Aaron Pila

#kamanaoleeward

Laameaomaunaala Burgess @joelgaspar

@greentea_panda

@chancemn808

@stellapinkprincess

@the_human_photography_machine

@stellapinkprincess

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as warm-ups, like an artist practicing his brush strokes before applying the paint to a canvas.

Looking out to the horizon, I could see a large set making its way toward me. I paddled out further knowing these waves would be bigger than all the others so far. Suddenly, the anticipation returned. My heart raced as I paddled into position to catch this wave. I turned my board around as quickly as I could and set my arms into a cadence, paddling harder and harder until I slid into the face of the wave. I popped up to my feet and took off.

The wave was well overhead, almost doubling my height. I set my sights ahead of me, looking down the line to try to anticipate what was in store. I descended from the crest and made a

long, drawn-out bottom turn to reposition myself into the face of the wave.

That’s when it happened. The wave, set into a spinning motion, had begun to cascade itself over me. I was now in the barrel standing straight up on my board. I traversed the cavernous pit, not knowing if I would make it out safely or be punished by the power of the wave. But being in the barrel made me forget about all that. I was so in awe and present in the moment that I wasn’t even sure if I was breathing.

The lip of the wave curled over me with light passing through it, turning itself into a shiny chandelier. A slick wall of water encased me on all sides into a world of soggy surrealism. The image of looking out at the world through this tunnel made it feel like time itself

had stopped. Even though it was just a few seconds, being in the barrel felt like forever. And just as quickly as the barreled manifested, the moment was over. I rode out smoothly and pulled out of the wave.

I had been barreled before, but this was the first time I had ever stood up straight in one. I was locked into a natural groove, and it felt amazing. The moment, however, was fleeting. The feeling I experienced was like waking up from a dream. I couldn’t remember exactly how that barrel felt, or if it was even real or not, but I knew it was something incredible. That wave left me craving more.

I paddled back out and caught another one.

T: 7 in

The Path of Righteousness: Beset on All Sides by Cascading Water

S: 6 in

by Davin Carvalho | illustration by Matthew Mcangus each piece as if performing some sort of pre-photo shoot ritual. Seeing Mana was always nice, he seemed to have a permanent smile on that never left his face. He was an excellent photographer and friend, always taking photos for people and never asking for anything in return. “Get out there, and I’ll get some shots of you!”

“Yeah, you, thanks, Mana!” I replied nonchalantly, trying to keep hold of my excitement. The thought of being in front of a lens always made me a bit camera shy, but I shook off the nerves and continued. Moving forward, I proceeded my trek to the shoreline and paddled out.

Finally, I made it out to first break, where all the waves were breaking. The nervousness I felt had now dissolved into the salt water and was released into the air by bubbles left behind from each passing wave. I sat up on my board and waited for a wave to come my way.

The first few that I caught were really nothing special—a few turns here and there and then kick out. I always thought of my first two or three waves

TAKES A SPARK.

T: 4.625 in

marching across the sea, my heart too pulsated rhythmically. With each maneuver, I could forget about my troubles as they permeated into the water.

The most exhilarating move, though, was getting barreled. There was simply nothing more pure, yet at the same time dangerous, than riding the eye of the storm—the barrel of a wave—and that was what I was set out to achieve that day. The barrel itself is a narrow window of safety, a narrow path of righteousness beset on all sides by potential dangers—getting slammed by the lip, going over the falls and, worst of all, hitting reef. However, successfully navigating a barrel meant I was being totally in sync with the ocean and nature, unfettering me from the chains of everyday life.

“Brah, Davin, you’re out there,” Mana murmured as he lit a spliff. While pressed between his lips, the spliff slightly impeded his speech. More articulate than his words, however, were the calculated movements he executed as he set up his camera, gear, and tripod. Painstakingly, he configured

only

S: 3.625 in

Waves crashed from crest to trough; rumbling and roaring, they beckoned me to come out to play. The sound of the sea reminded me of a playground overrun with children, which brought me back to a younger age when things were so simple and pure. As I waxed my board, the sun peeked over the mountains behind me like a child over a fence, curious to see what all the commotion was about. The sun, it seemed, was as eager as I was. The sand beneath my feet was still cold from lying under the shadows of the morning.

Intertwined with wisps of the ocean, a playful breeze brushed a thin layer of salt across my skin. A current flowed through my thoughts, depositing sediments of excitement on the shores of my mind. I couldn’t wait to get out there and catch some waves.

I love surfing, I thought as I strapped my leash to my ankle. The excitement I felt at that moment was like that of a child unable to sleep on the night before Christmas. Surfing got my blood flowing like nothing else could. Like the rhythmic procession of the swells

IT

Please ONLY YOU CAN PREVENT WILDFIRES. smokeybear.com

1/2 Page

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C O N E

&

B E L D I N G

LINKS smokey_stoa.ai, AClogo_blk.eps,

Ka Mana‘o IS...

staff

the student publication of Leeward Community College. It is published quarterly, funded by student fees and advertising, and administered by the Board of Student Communications. Editorial content reflects views only of staff. Ka Mana’o welcomes students interested in being staff members, as well as submissions of creative works. Ka Mana’o

reserves the right to edit for length and content, and publication is not guaranteed. All content published in Ka Mana’o and its website may not be reprinted or republished in any form without permission.

Copies of Ka Mana’o are available at newsstands throughout campus. Copyright 2016 Board of Student Communications

Adviser

Writers

Stanley Lee

Editor-in-Chief Chance Nakazato

Associate Editor Melany McAngus Nate Jaramillo

Layout Editor Jasmine Bautista

Photo Editors Melany McAngus Marcel Saragena

Gerick-Cj Banga Kaitlyn Lankford Katlyn Overtree Alex Sabalburo Coe Snyder

PHOTOGRAPHERS Aaron Pila

Designers

Michelle Beugelsdyk Ryan Nash Megan Ridings Nick Jones

Illustrators

Kaeli Giron Matthew McAngus Trina Sisomvang Russell Tolentino

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University of Phoenix is accredited by the Higher Learning Commission (http://hlcommission.org). For more information about University of Phoenix accreditations and licensures, please visit http://www.phoenix.edu/about_us/accreditation.html. The University’s Central Administration is located at 1625 W. Fountainhead Pkwy., Tempe, AZ 85282. Online Campus: 3157 E. Elwood St., Phoenix, AZ 85034. College credit granted by University of Phoenix. Transferability of credit is at the discretion of the receiving institution. It is the student’s responsibility to confirm whether or not credits earned at University of Phoenix will be accepted by another institution of the student’s choice. © 2015 University of Phoenix, Inc. All rights reserved. | COE-4689

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